Latest Articles from ZooKeys Latest 100 Articles from ZooKeys https://zookeys.pensoft.net/ Fri, 29 Mar 2024 15:45:53 +0200 Pensoft FeedCreator https://zookeys.pensoft.net/i/logo.jpg Latest Articles from ZooKeys https://zookeys.pensoft.net/ A new species of freshwater snail of Fenouilia (Gastropoda, Pomatiopsidae) from northern Guangxi, China, based on morphological and DNA evidence https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/113856/ ZooKeys 1196: 271-283

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1196.113856

Authors: Hui Chen, Yue Ming He, Chong Rui Wang, Da Pan

Abstract: A new species of pomatiopsid freshwater snail, Fenouilia undata Chen & He, sp. nov., is described from Guangxi, China, based on morphological and molecular evidence. The new species can be distinguished from its congeners by the following combination of characters: shell with low, prosocline, rounded axial ribs and fine spiral striae, broader than high; aperture broader than shell height; radula with lateral teeth have only two or three faint, wavy ridges on inner side. A molecular analysis of partial mitochondrial COI and 16S DNA sequences supports the systematic position of the new taxon.

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Research Article Thu, 28 Mar 2024 18:03:12 +0200
The arboreal snail genus Amphidromus Albers, 1850 (Eupulmonata, Camaenidae) of Southeast Asia: 1. Molecular systematics of some Vietnamese species and related species from Cambodia, Indonesia, and Laos https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/112146/ ZooKeys 1196: 15-78

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1196.112146

Authors: Parin Jirapatrasilp, Chih-Wei Huang, Chirasak Sutcharit, Chi-Tse Lee

Abstract: This paper reassesses the taxonomy and systematics of 11 arboreal snail species in the genus Amphidromus from Vietnam, Cambodia, Indonesia and Laos (A. bozhii Wang, 2019, A. buelowi Fruhstorfer, 1905, A. costifer Smith, 1893, A. haematostoma Möllendorff, 1898, A. ingens Möllendorff, 1900, A. madelineae Thach, 2020, A. metabletus Möllendorff, 1900, A. pankowskianus Thach, 2020, A. placostylus Möllendorff, 1900, A. roseolabiatus Fulton, 1896, and A. thachi Huber, 2015). The taxonomic validity of each species is supported by a phylogenetic analysis of mitochondrial COI and 16S rRNA gene fragments from 17 ingroup taxa. Amphidromus buelowi was found to comprise two populations from two distant localities, one from Mount Singgalang, West Sumatra, Indonesia and the other from southern Vietnam. The samples from southern Vietnam were previously described as A. asper Haas, 1934 and A. franzhuberi Thach, 2016, but they are now treated as junior synonyms of A. buelowi in this study. In addition, two species from Vietnam are described as new to science, viz. A. asperoides Jirapatrasilp & Lee, sp. nov. and A. ingensoides Jirapatrasilp & Lee, sp. nov., each of which is conchologically comparable to A. buelowi and A. ingens, respectively.

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Research Article Fri, 22 Mar 2024 19:20:26 +0200
Contributions of a small collection of terrestrial microsnails (Pupilloidea, Hypselostomatidae) from Myanmar with description of three new species https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/112112/ ZooKeys 1195: 157-197

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1195.112112

Authors: Piyoros Tongkerd, Ngwe Lwin, Barna Páll-Gergely, Ratmanee Chanabun, Arthit Pholyotha, Pongpun Prasankok, Teerapong Seesamut, Warut Siriwut, Ruttapon Srisonchai, Chirasak Sutcharit, Somsak Panha

Abstract: Land snails were collected for the project ‘Conserving Myanmar’s Karst Biodiversity’ from the limestone karsts in Mon, Kayin, and Shan states and in the regions of Tanintharyi and Mandalay between 2015 and 2017, through cooperation with Fauna and Flora International (FFI) and the Forestry Department of Myanmar. Here, we report on a portion of the collection, and list 17 species from seven genera of the Hypselostomatidae microsnails. Three new species from two genera are described as Bensonella taiyaiorum Tongkerd & Panha, sp. nov., B. lophiodera Tongkerd & Panha, sp. nov., and Gyliotrachela aunglini Tongkerd & Panha, sp. nov. All new species are known only from the type locality in Shan State (Bensonella) and Kayin State (Gyliotrachela). A new combination of Acinolaemus dayanum and three newly recorded species, namely A. cryptidentatus, B. anguloobtusa and G. hungerfordiana are discussed. The low morphological variability of the widely distributed G. hungerfordiana is discussed, and two species are proposed for formal synonymisation. Constituting the first records for Myanmar, five species of Bensonella and two species of Acinolaemus were collected.

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Research Article Thu, 14 Mar 2024 17:18:14 +0200
The mitochondrial genome of Hua aristarchorum (Heude, 1889) (Gastropoda, Cerithioidea, Semisulcospiridae) and its phylogenetic implications https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/116269/ ZooKeys 1192: 237-255

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1192.116269

Authors: Yibin Xu, Sheng Zeng, Yuanzheng Meng, Deyuan Yang, Shengchang Yang

Abstract: Research on complete mitochondrial genomes can help in understanding the molecular evolution and phylogenetic relationships of various species. In this study, the complete mitogenome of Hua aristarchorum was characterized to supplement the limited mitogenomic information on the genus Hua. Three distinct assembly methods, GetOrganelle, NovoPlasty and SPAdes, were used to ensure reliable assembly. The 15,691 bp mitogenome contains 37 genes and an AT-rich region. Notably, the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COX1) gene, commonly used for species identification, appears to be slow-evolving and less variable, which may suggest the inclusion of rapidly evolving genes (NADH dehydrogenase subunit 6 [ND6] or NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2 [ND2]) as markers in diagnostic, detection, and population genetic studies of Cerithioidea. Moreover, we identified the unreliability of annotations (e.g., the absence of annotations for NADH dehydrogenase subunit 4L [ND4L] in NC_037771) and potential misidentifications (NC_023364) in public databases, which indicate that data from public databases should be manually curated in future research. Phylogenetic analyses of Cerithioidea based on different datasets generated identical trees using maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference methods. The results confirm that Semisulcospiridae is closely related to Pleuroceridae. The sequences of Semisulcospiridae clustered into three clades, of which H. aristarchorum is one; H. aristarchorum is sister to the other two clades. The findings of this study will contribute to a better understanding of the characteristics of the H. aristarchorum mitogenome and the phylogenetic relationships of Semisulcospiridae. The inclusion of further mitochondrial genome sequences will improve knowledge of the phylogeny and origin of Cerithioidea.

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Research Article Thu, 22 Feb 2024 18:21:37 +0200
New records of Provanna (Gastropoda, Provannidae) from the Costa Rica Margin and an identification key for the genus https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/109734/ ZooKeys 1189: 1-32

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1189.109734

Authors: Melissa J. Betters, Erik E. Cordes

Abstract: Consistent species identification is foundational to biological research and requires coordination among a diversity of researchers and institutions. However, such consistency may be hindered for rare organisms where specimens, identification resources, and taxonomic experts are few. This is often the case for deep-sea taxonomic groups. For example, the deep-sea gastropod genus Provanna Dall, 1918 is common at chemosynthetic sites throughout the world’s oceans, yet no formal guide to these species has yet been produced. Recent exploration has recovered new specimens of Provanna from hydrocarbon seeps off the Pacific Costa Rica Margin. The current work assesses the species identity of these specimens using shell morphology, radular morphology, and genetic barcoding (mitochondrial CO1 and nuclear H3). Records of occurrence for P. laevis Warén & Ponder, 1991, P. ios Warén & Bouchet, 1986, and P. pacifica Warén & Bouchet, 1986 are herein presented from the Costa Rica Margin. A critical taxonomic review of the 29 extant species within this genus was conducted and their genetic, morphological, and biogeographical distinction assessed. In this review, genetic and morphological support was found for nearly all current species delineations except for P. glabra Okutani et al., 1992, syn. nov. and P. laevis, syn. nov., which are herein synonymized to P. laevis, and for P. ios, syn. nov. and P. goniata Warén & Bouchet, 1986, syn. nov., which are synonymized to P. ios. Finally, the first species identification key for the extant species in this genus is presented. This work clarifies the taxonomy and systematics of this deep-sea gastropod genus and contributes a novel polytomous key for use in future research.

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Research Article Fri, 12 Jan 2024 14:56:49 +0200
Ethogram and classification of the mating and egg-laying behaviour of the Southeast Asian apple snail Pila virescens (Deshayes, 1824) (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Caenogastropoda, Ampullariidae) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/106498/ ZooKeys 1180: 295-316

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1180.106498

Authors: Supunya Annate, Ting Hui Ng, Chirasak Sutcharit, Somsak Panha

Abstract: The status of the indigenous Southeast Asian apple snails belonging to the genus Pila is of concern due to their fast rate of population decline, possibly as a result of multiple factors including habitat loss or disturbance and the introduction of globally-invasive apple snails, Pomacea spp. Conservation actions, including captive breeding of the native Pila species, have been suggested as urgent remedial practices, but the lack of knowledge regarding the fundamental reproductive biology of indigenous Pila spp. makes such practices difficult. In the present study, observations on the mating and egg-laying behaviour of an economic valuable apple snail native to Southeast Asia, P. virescens, were conducted using video recording to examine and describe their reproductive behaviour under a laboratory condition. A total of 15 types of mating and seven egg-laying behaviour were recorded. The mating sequence which subsequently resulted in egg laying was comprised of seven types of major sequential behaviour: mate probing, mounting, shell circling, positioning, insemination posture, sheath withdrawal and dismounting. Rejection of mating attempts by the female was frequently observed. Egg laying occurred during either day or night. A sequence of seven distinct types of behaviour were performed during oviposition: climbing, positioning, forming a temporary tube, mucous secreting, egg depositing, leaving and resting. Overall, these results provide an understanding of the egg-laying behavioural process and highlight its complexity in P. virescens. In addition, detailed ethograms of mating and egg-laying behaviour were derived. These will promote further systematic comparative studies of the reproductive behaviour of apple snails.

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Research Article Tue, 26 Sep 2023 10:48:28 +0300
Peruvian nudibranchs (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Heterobranchia): an updated literature review-based list of species https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/103167/ ZooKeys 1176: 117-163

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1176.103167

Authors: Alessandra Grández, André Ampuero, Sergio P. Barahona

Abstract: Nudibranchs, as a group, have received limited attention in terms of scientific study along the coastline of Peru. Here, an updated and comprehensive list of nudibranch species found in the Peruvian sea is presented, compiled through an extensive review of relevant literature. This compilation encompasses a total of 31 species, classified into two suborders, 10 superfamilies, 20 families, and 28 genera. With respect to the biogeographic provinces along the Peruvian coast, 23 species inhabit the Warm Temperate Southeastern Pacific province, 18 species occur in the Tropical Eastern Pacific province, and 10 species are found in both provinces, crossing the transitional zone between them. In terms of distribution patterns, two species exhibit a cosmopolitan distribution (Glaucus atlanticus and Fiona pinnata), while two species display a circumtropical distribution (Cephalopyge trematoides and Phylliroe bucephala). One species exhibits a bipolar distribution in the Eastern Pacific and possesses an amphi-South American distribution (Rostanga pulchra). Additionally, six species exhibit an amphi-South American distribution (Rostanga pulchra, Diaulula punctuolata, Doto uva, Tyrinna evelinae, Tyrinna delicata, and Doris fontainii), and two species are endemic to Peru (Corambe mancorensis and Felimare sechurana). This study provides comprehensive information on biogeographical aspects, geographical distributions, and taxonomic updates within the nudibranch species documented in Peru. Furthermore, we discuss the status of species listed in previous literature that have not been confirmed by collections, referring to them as potentially occurring species.

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Review Article Wed, 23 Aug 2023 18:16:24 +0300
Complete mitochondrial genomes of the slugs Deroceras laeve (Agriolimacidae) and Ambigolimax valentianus (Limacidae) provide insights into the phylogeny of Stylommatophora (Mollusca, Gastropoda) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/102786/ ZooKeys 1173: 43-59

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1173.102786

Authors: Te Zhao, Nan Song, Xingyu Lin, Yang Zhang

Abstract: In this study, we sequenced two complete mitogenomes from Deroceras laeve and Ambigolimax valentianus. The mitogenome of Ambigolimax valentianus represented the first such data from the family Limacidae. The lengths of the mitogenomes of Deroceras laeve and Ambigolimax valentianus were 14,773 bp and 15,195 bp, respectively. The entire set of 37 mitochondrial genes were identified for both mitogenomes. Compared with the mitogenome of Achatina fulica, the trnP_trnA tRNA cluster was rearranged in both Deroceras laeve and Ambigolimax valentianus. The secondary structures of tRNA and rRNA genes for the two species were predicted. Phylogenetic analyses based on amino acid sequences supported (1) monophyly of Stylommatophora, (2) division of Stylommatophora into the ‘achatinoid’ clade (i.e., the suborder Achatinina) and the ‘non-achatinoid’ clade (i.e., the suborder Helicina), (3) placement of the Orthurethra in the ‘non-achatinoid’ clade, and (4) monophyly of each of the superfamilies Helicoidea, Urocoptoidea, Succineoidea, Arionoidea, Pupilloidea and Limacoidea. The exemplars of Helicidae, Philomycidae and Achatinellidae displayed many more mitochondrial gene rearrangements than other species of Stylommatophora.

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Research Article Mon, 31 Jul 2023 14:58:42 +0300
A new species of Umbilia Jousseaume, 1884 (Mollusca, Cypraeidae) from the Pliocene fauna of the Roe Plains, Western Australia https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/106338/ ZooKeys 1169: 1-13

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1169.106338

Authors: Paul C. Southgate, Thane A. Militz

Abstract: A new morphologically distinct species of cowry (family Cypraeidae Rafinesque, 1815) is described from the Late Pliocene Roe Calcarenite of the Roe Plains, Western Australia. Previously assigned to Umbilia hesitata (Iredale, 1916), the new species differs morphometrically from related taxa and is differentiated from U. hesitata by a number of shell features including a prominent, projecting protoconch, less extended posterior and anterior terminals, coarser columellar teeth extending onto the base, and well-developed, thickened anterior flanges, supporting a rounded anterior extremity with blunt anterior tips. Umbilia tomdarraghi sp. nov. is the third Umbilia species to be described from the Pliocene.

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Research Article Wed, 5 Jul 2023 19:20:11 +0300
Taxonomic review of Kaloplocamus from the Yellow Sea, China with the description of a new species (Nudibranchia, Doridina, Polyceridae) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/101248/ ZooKeys 1168: 107-129

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1168.101248

Authors: Jingcheng Wei, Lingfeng Kong

Abstract: Species of Kaloplocamus Bergh, 1880 are enigmatic Nudibranchia sea slugs, and only two valid species are reported in the northwestern Pacific. Kaloplocamus japonicus (Bergh, 1880) was initially described based on alcohol-fixed specimens. In the latest revision of Kaloplocamus, it was synonymized with Kaloplocamus ramosus (Cantraine, 1835). Recently, several nudibranchs were collected from Tianheng, Shandong Province, China, and one of them is identified as an undescribed species described here as Kaloplocamus albopunctatus sp. nov. based on integrated approaches incorporating morphological observations, internal anatomy, and phylogenetic analyses of two mitochondrial (COI, 16S rRNA) genes. The other species is identified as K. japonicus Bergh, 1880 based on the anatomy of the reproductive system. The new species K. albopunctatus sp. nov. is similar to K. ramosus in having a bright orange-red color pattern but differs significantly in the structure of appendages and reproductive system. Kaloplocamus japonicus can be easily distinguished from other Kaloplocamus species by its translucent, white-pink coloration and unique features of the female reproductive organ. Both species are supported as distinct species in all molecular analyses. The phylogenetic analyses propose a new estimate of the relationship between Kaloplocamus and Plocamopherus, and the evolution of bioluminescence within Triophinae is discussed. Our results also suggest cryptic biodiversity within the K. ramosus species complex.

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Research Article Tue, 27 Jun 2023 16:00:21 +0300
Redescription and geographical distribution of Leiostracus obliquus (Reeve, 1849) (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Simpulopsidae) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/98707/ ZooKeys 1167: 223-240

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1167.98707

Authors: Maria Isabel P. F. Macedo, Ximena M. C. Ovando, Sthefane D’ávila

Abstract: Leiostracus Albers, 1850 was established to allocate land snails from Central America and Northern South America. Currently, approximately 19 species are considered valid. However, for most of them, the internal morphology is unknown. Leiostracus obliquus was described as a species of Bulimus from the state of Bahia based on shell characters. Until now, knowledge of this species has been scarce. The discovery of ethanol-preserved specimens from MZSP of this species allowed us to characterize, for the first time, the internal anatomy of this species and update its distribution. The shell of L. obliquus has seven to eight whorls and a wide pale-pink disrupted band all over the teleoconch. The rachidian tooth is small rectangular, symmetric, with round edges, and without differentiated cusps. After comparing the anatomy and radular characters between the shells of L. obliquus and L. carnavalescus, we found remarkable similarities in the morphology and color pattern.

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Research Article Mon, 19 Jun 2023 18:27:09 +0300
Fossil Carychiidae (Eupulmonata, Ellobioidea) from the Lower Pleistocene Nashua Formation of Florida, with the description of a new species https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/102840/ ZooKeys 1167: 89-107

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1167.102840

Authors: Adrienne Jochum, Estée Bochud, David Haberthür, Harry G. Lee, Ruslan Hlushchuk, Roger W. Portell

Abstract: Recent fossil shell mining for a new rail line in the Orlando area of Orange County, Florida has uncovered two species of the ellobioid genus Carychium O. F. Müller, 1773 in a bed of freshwater marl from the Lower Pleistocene Nashua Formation. To taxonomically interpret these finds, the well-preserved shells were imaged via high-resolution X-ray tomography (micro-CT) to view significant internal diagnostic characters such as the columellar configuration and the degree of lamellar sinuosity and their relationship in context to the entire shell. The image data are compared to that of type material and extant and fossil Carychium species inhabiting the SE USA, Mexico, Central America, and Jamaica. Based on these results, the species Carychium floridanum G. H. Clapp, 1918 and Carychium nashuaense sp. nov. are identified from fossil shells dating from the Early Pleistocene. This work documents the first fossil members of C. floridanum and the first fossil Carychium from the SE USA.

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Research Article Wed, 14 Jun 2023 09:58:01 +0300
New species of the dancing semislug Cryptosemelus Collinge, 1902 (Eupulmonata, Ariophantidae) from Loei Province, northeastern Thailand with a key to genera of mainland Southeast Asian semislugs and a key to species of the genus https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/103650/ ZooKeys 1163: 47-59

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1163.103650

Authors: Sakboworn Tumpeesuwan, Kitti Tanmuangpak, Chanidaporn Tumpeesuwan

Abstract: In this study, we describe a new dancing semislug from a limestone hill area in northeastern Thailand. Cryptosemelus niger sp. nov. differs from the three recognized congener species from western and southern Thailand, due to differences in their body and shell lobes coloration, appearance of penial caecum, shape and surface texture of penis and epiphallus, and radula formula and morphology.

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Research Article Fri, 19 May 2023 15:20:25 +0300
Further notes on the taxonomy of the land snail family Clausiliidae Gray, 1855 (Stylommatophora, Helicina) from Myanmar with description of two new species https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/98022/ ZooKeys 1160: 1-59

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1160.98022

Authors: Nem Sian Man, Ngwe Lwin, Chirasak Sutcharit, Somsak Panha

Abstract: This study presents a complete species list of the door snails inhabiting Myanmar, updated to now include 33 taxa, and provides taxonomic notes together with a re-description of the shell, radula, and genitalia for 13 species and subspecies, including Oospira philippiana, the type species of the genus Oospira. The snails previously treated as subspecies or synonyms of Oospira gracilior and Oospira magna are reclassified and recognized as distinct species. The lectotype of Oospira insignis has been clarified and an illustration of the original type specimen provided. A long-overlooked species, Oospira andersoniana, has been collected and redescribed herein. Two new species from the limestone karsts in the Salween River Basin are introduced: Oospira luneainopsis Man & Panha, sp. nov. and Oospira zediopsis Man & Panha, sp. nov. A synoptic view of all clausiliid taxa known from Myanmar is presented along with taxonomic information and distributional records. Photographs of the type materials for all taxa are provided for further comparison or, if unavailable, photographs of the examined specimens or the original figure from the literature.

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Research Article Wed, 3 May 2023 09:16:37 +0300
Using genomics, morphometrics, and environmental niche modeling to test the validity of a narrow-range endemic snail, Patera nantahala (Gastropoda, Polygyridae) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/94152/ ZooKeys 1158: 91-120

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1158.94152

Authors: Nathan V. Whelan, Ellen E. Strong, Nicholas S. Gladstone, Jason W. Mays

Abstract: Terrestrial gastropods are among the most imperiled groups of organisms on Earth. Many species have a complex taxonomic history, often including poorly defined subspecies, most of which have not been the focus of modern systematics research. Genomic tools, geometric morphometrics, and environmental niche modeling were used to assess the taxonomic status of Patera clarkii nantahala (Clench & Banks, 1932), a subspecies of high conservation concern with a restricted range of approximately 3.3 km2 in North Carolina, USA. A genome-scale dataset was generated that included individuals with morphologies matching P. c. nantahala, P. c. clarkii, and one individual with an intermediate form between P. c. nantahala and P. c. clarkii that was initially hypothesized as a potential hybrid. Mitochondrial phylogenetics, nuclear species tree inference, and phylogenetic networks were used to assess relationships and gene flow. Differences in shell shape via geometric morphometrics and whether the environmental niches of the two subspecies were significantly different were also examined. Molecular analyses indicated an absence of gene flow among lineages of P. clarkii sensu lato. Analyses rejected our hypothesis that the intermediate shelled form represented a hybrid, but instead indicated that it was a distinct lineage. Environmental niche models indicated significant differences in environmental niche between P. c. clarkii and P. c. nantahala, and geometric morphometrics indicated that P. c. nantahala had a significantly different shell shape. Given multiple lines of evidence, species-level recognition of P. nantahala is warranted.

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Research Article Thu, 20 Apr 2023 13:35:28 +0300
A multivariate approach to morphological study of shell form in cowries (Gastropoda, Cypraeidae): a case study with Umbilia armeniaca (Verco, 1912) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/98868/ ZooKeys 1158: 69-89

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1158.98868

Authors: Paul C. Southgate, Thane A. Militz

Abstract: Multivariate approaches to morphological study of shell form have rarely been applied to cowries (Gastropoda: Cypraeidae) with preference, instead, for comparing formulaic notations of shell form that report averages (i.e., means) for key morphometrics such as shell dimensions, their ratios, and counts of apertural teeth. Although widely applied, the “shell formula” does not account for variation among individuals or support statistical comparison between taxa. This study applied a multivariate approach to analyse shell form within the four accepted subspecies of the cowrie, Umbilia armeniaca (Verco, 1912) and included a previously unstudied, and most northerly, population of U. armeniaca from Lancelin, Western Australia. Multivariate analyses readily separated the recognised subspecies of U. armeniaca (U. a. armeniaca, U. a. diprotodon, U. a. clarksoni and U. a. andreyi), but did not separate the Lancelin population from U. a. andreyi, indicating that the former represents a northward extension of U. a. andreyi that is not morphometrically distinguishable. These results provide improved understanding of infraspecific differences in shell form of U. armeniaca across its broad distribution, and demonstrate the utility of multivariate morphometric methods for statistical comparison of shell form between taxa. This approach is complimentary to existing research practices and has broad potential application in future morphometric studies of both extant and fossil taxa within the family Cypraeidae.

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Research Article Wed, 19 Apr 2023 10:42:01 +0300
Land snail diversity in central China: revision of Laeocathaica Möllendorff, 1899 (Gastropoda, Camaenidae), with descriptions of seven new species https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/86237/ ZooKeys 1154: 49-147

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1154.86237

Authors: Min Wu, Wang Shen, Zhong-Guang Chen

Abstract: Central China harbors the native dart-sac-bearing camaenids Laeocathaica. The genus is revised and seven new species are proposed based on museum material and newly collected specimens. This work confirmed that most Laeocathaica species have restricted habitats. The comparison of the dart sac apparatus among the dart-sac-bearing camaenid genera indicated the importance of the presence of the proximal accessory sac that might be analogous to the membranous/muscular sac surrounding the proximal dart sac and/or the distal region of the vagina near the atrium, which also plays a significant role in the diagnosis of Laeocathaica species based on its number, symmetry and position on the dart sac. Species with similar shell morphology were studied using geometric morphometric methods to detect variations in shell shape. A molecular phylogenetic analysis based on 16S and ITS2 sequence data of partial Laeocathaica species and many other dart-sac-bearing taxa suggested that Laeocathaica might be monophyletic. Furthermore, the present phylogeny indicated that Stilpnodiscus, Cathaica, Bradybaena, and Pseudobuliminus might be polyphyletic and therefore the taxonomy of dart-sac-bearing camaenids in this region requires a thorough revision. This work reconfirms that the Southern Gansu Plateau is important as a hotspot for malacodiversity conservation on the Chinese mainland.

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Research Article Mon, 20 Mar 2023 10:41:57 +0200
Seven new “cryptic” species of Discodorididae (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Nudibranchia) from New Caledonia https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/98258/ ZooKeys 1152: 45-95

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1152.98258

Authors: Julie Innabi, Carla C. Stout, Ángel Valdés

Abstract: The study of a well-preserved collection of discodorid nudibranchs collected in Koumac, New Caledonia, revealed the presence of seven species new to science belonging to the genera Atagema, Jorunna, Rostanga, and Sclerodoris, although some of the generic assignments are tentative as the phylogeny of Discodorididae remains unresolved. Moreover, a poorly known species of Atagema originally described from New Caledonia is re-described and the presence of Sclerodoris tuberculata in New Caledonia is confirmed with molecular data. All the species described herein are highly cryptic on their food source and in the context of the present study the term “cryptic” is used to denote such species. This paper highlights the importance of comprehensive collecting efforts to identify and document well-camouflaged taxa.

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Research Article Tue, 7 Mar 2023 18:58:42 +0200
Five times over: 42 new Angustopila species highlight Southeast Asia’s rich biodiversity (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora, Hypselostomatidae) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/93824/ ZooKeys 1147: 1-177

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1147.93824

Authors: Barna Páll-Gergely, András Hunyadi, Jaap J. Vermeulen, Jozef Grego, Chirasak Sutcharit, Alexander Reischütz, Pongrat Dumrongrojwattana, Zoltán Botta-Dukát, Aydin Örstan, Judit Fekete, Adrienne Jochum

Abstract: The Southeast Asian genus Angustopila, currently comprising 13 nominal species, encompasses the world’s tiniest land snails. This work shows that there are far more species than previously suspected, and that this genus is in fact, a very speciose group of tiny snails widely distributed in Southeast Asia. Angustopila is revised based on type material of known species as well as 211 samples newly collected in China, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand and Vietnam. Altogether, 53 species and one subspecies are recognised, of which 42 species and subspecies are new to science: A. akrodon Páll-Gergely & Hunyadi, sp. nov., A. apiaria Páll-Gergely & Hunyadi, sp. nov., A. apiostoma Páll-Gergely & Vermeulen, sp. nov., A. apokritodon Páll-Gergely & Hunyadi, sp. nov., A. antidomedon Páll-Gergely & Hunyadi, sp. nov., A. babel Páll-Gergely & Vermeulen, sp. nov., A. bathyodon Páll-Gergely & Hunyadi, sp. nov., A. bidentata Páll-Gergely & Jochum, sp. nov., A. cavicola Páll-Gergely & Dumrongrojwattana, sp. nov., A. cicatricosa Páll-Gergely & Vermeulen, sp. nov., A. coprologos uninodus Páll-Gergely & Grego, ssp. nov., A. erawanica Páll-Gergely & Dumrongrojwattana, sp. nov., A. fratermajor Páll-Gergely & Vermeulen, sp. nov., A. fraterminor Páll-Gergely & Vermeulen, sp. nov., A. gracilis Páll-Gergely & Hunyadi, sp. nov., A. halongensis Páll-Gergely & Vermeulen, sp. nov., A. hyron Páll-Gergely & Vermeulen, sp. nov., A. maasseni Páll-Gergely & Vermeulen, sp. nov., A. majuscula Páll-Gergely & Hunyadi, sp. nov., A. margaritarion Páll-Gergely & Hunyadi, sp. nov., A. megastoma Páll-Gergely & Vermeulen, sp. nov., A. occidentalis Páll-Gergely & Hunyadi, sp. nov., A. oostoma Páll-Gergely & Vermeulen, sp. nov., A. papaver Páll-Gergely & Hunyadi, sp. nov., A. parallela Páll-Gergely & Hunyadi, sp. nov., A. prolixa Páll-Gergely & Hunyadi, sp. nov., A. pusilla Páll-Gergely & Hunyadi, sp. nov., A. pustulata Páll-Gergely & Hunyadi, sp. nov., A. quadridens Páll-Gergely & Vermeulen, sp. nov., A. rara Páll-Gergely & Hunyadi, sp. nov., A. reticulata Páll-Gergely & Hunyadi, sp. nov., A. somsaki Páll-Gergely & Hunyadi, sp. nov., A. steffeki Páll-Gergely & Grego, sp. nov., A. tetradon Páll-Gergely & Hunyadi, sp. nov., A. thersites Páll-Gergely & Vermeulen, sp. nov., A. tonkinospiroides Páll-Gergely & Vermeulen, sp. nov., A. tridentata Páll-Gergely & Hunyadi, sp. nov., A. tweediei Páll-Gergely & Hunyadi, sp. nov., A. uvula Páll-Gergely & Hunyadi, sp. nov., A. vandevenderi Páll-Gergely & Jochum, sp. nov., A. vitrina Páll-Gergely & Hunyadi, sp. nov., A. vomer Páll-Gergely & Hunyadi, sp. nov., A. werneri Páll-Gergely & Hunyadi, sp. nov. Angustopila subelevata Páll-Gergely & Hunyadi, 2015 is moved to the synonymy of Angustopila elevata (F. G. Thompson & Upatham, 1997), and A. singuladentis Inkhavilay & Panha, 2016 is a junior synonym of A. fabella Páll-Gergely & Hunyadi, 2015. Three species, namely A. elevata, A. fabella and A. szekeresi, are widespread over several hundred kilometres while some other species (A. huoyani, A. parallela sp. nov., A. cavicola sp. nov.) are known from just two sites a few hundred kilometres apart. All others are small range or single-site endemics. The reproductive anatomy of A. erawanica sp. nov. is described.

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Monograph Mon, 13 Feb 2023 18:38:36 +0200
Systematic revision of the snorkel snail genus Rhiostoma Benson, 1860 (Gastropoda, Caenogastropoda, Cyclophoridae) with descriptions of new species https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/90097/ ZooKeys 1142: 1-144

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1142.90097

Authors: Piyoros Tongkerd, Sakboworn Tumpeesuwan, Khamla Inkhavilay, Pongpun Prasankok, Ekgachai Jeratthitikul, Somsak Panha, Chirasak Sutcharit

Abstract: The snorkel snail genus Rhiostoma Benson, 1860 is comprised of terrestrial cyclophorid snails with wide-ranging species diversity and radiation in Southeast Asia. The typical characters of the genus are a depressed shell, a detached and descending portion of the last whorl with a distinctive peristomal breathing device attached, and a calcareous cup-shaped operculum. Herein, we have revised the systematics of extant species based on shell morphology combined with COI barcoding. From these thirty recognised species, twelve are described as new to science: R. ? amarapuraense sp. nov., R. anceyi sp. nov., R. breviocollar sp. nov., R. ebenozostera sp. nov., R. cheliopegma sp. nov., R. furfurosum sp. nov., R. gnomus, sp. nov., R. lannaense sp. nov., R. laoense sp. nov., R. platymorpha sp. nov., R. rhothonotaphrosa sp. nov., and R. tigrina sp. nov. All conchological characters are provided via illustrations of type specimens and living snails, and descriptions of the shells and radulae. Phylogenetic analysis based on partial COI gene sequences strongly supports the designated morphospecies and a monophyletic Rhiostoma, confirming that all pterocyclinid snails with a calcareous, cup-shaped operculum belong to the same clade. A high intra-specific divergence was observed in R. jalorensis and R. housei populations from locations in close proximity, suggesting a lower dispersal and higher level of isolation. The low inter-specific divergence found in R. hainesi, R. samuiense, R. asiphon, and R. rhothonotaphrosa sp. nov. supports their recent diversification and local adaptation, and is congruent with their marked morphological differences. Finally, nine formerly Rhiostoma-placed species were reclassified into either the genus Cyclotus or the genus Opisthoporus.

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Research Article Tue, 24 Jan 2023 18:06:46 +0200
The complete mitochondrial genome of the terrestrial snail Monacha cartusiana (O.F. Müller, 1774) (Gastropoda, Eupulmonata, Hygromiidae) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/91325/ ZooKeys 1130: 65-78

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1130.91325

Authors: Ewa Kosicka, Joanna R. Pieńkowska, Andrzej Lesicki

Abstract: The mitochondrial genome of Monacha cartusiana is the first complete mitochondrial sequence described for the pulmonate snail genus Monacha and for the family Hygromiidae. The identified mitogenome has a length of 13,894 bp and encodes 13 proteins, 22 tRNAs, and two rRNAs. A phylogenetic analysis of available mitogenomes from representatives of helicoid families shows a sister group relationship of Hygromiidae and Geomitridae, which have been recently recognised as separate families.

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Research Article Thu, 17 Nov 2022 17:54:25 +0200
Complete distribution of the genus Laevilitorina (Littorinimorpha, Littorinidae) in the Southern Hemisphere: remarks and natural history https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/91310/ ZooKeys 1127: 61-77

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1127.91310

Authors: Sebastián Rosenfeld, Claudia S. Maturana, Hamish G. Spencer, Peter Convey, Thomas Saucède, Paul Brickle, Francisco Bahamonde, Quentin Jossart, Elie Poulin, Claudio Gonzalez-Wevar

Abstract: Littorinid snails are present in most coastal areas globally, playing a significant role in the ecology of intertidal communities. Laevilitorina is a marine gastropod genus distributed exclusively in the Southern Hemisphere, with 21 species reported from South America, the sub-Antarctic islands, Antarctica, New Zealand, Australia and Tasmania. Here, an updated database of 21 species generated from a combination of sources is presented: 1) new field sampling data; 2) published records; 3) the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) and The Atlas of Living Australia (ALA), to provide a comprehensive description of the known geographic distribution of the genus and detailed occurrences for each of the 21 species. The database includes 813 records (occurrences), 53 from field sampling, 174 from the literature, 128 from GBIF, and 458 from ALA. West Antarctica had the highest species richness (8 species), followed by sub-Antarctic islands of New Zealand (4 species) and the south-east shelf of Australia (4 species). The provinces of Magellan, New Zealand South Island, and sub-Antarctic Islands of the Indian Ocean include two species each. This study specifically highlights reports of L. pygmaea and L. venusta, species that have been almost unrecorded since their description. Recent advances in molecular studies of L. caliginosa showed that this species does not correspond to a widely distributed taxon, but to multiple divergent lineages distributed throughout the Southern Ocean. Ongoing molecular and taxonomic studies are necessary for a better understanding of the diversity and biogeography of this genus.

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Data Paper Wed, 2 Nov 2022 11:45:58 +0200
A new species of Austrocypraea (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Cypraeidae) from the Pliocene of Flinders Island, Tasmania https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/90917/ ZooKeys 1123: 173-185

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1123.90917

Authors: Paul C. Southgate, Mike Roberts

Abstract: A new morphologically distinct species of cowry (family Cypraeidae Rafinesque, 1815) is described from the Pliocene of Flinders Island, Tasmania. Austrocypraea jimgracei sp. nov. differs morphologically from other members of the genus and is particularly characterised by the development of a heavily callused labral margin, with a distinct marginal edge that bends up towards the dorsum centrally. This feature is unique within the genus. The new taxon is only the second known Austrocypraea from the Pliocene. A revised key to the known Austrocypraea fossil species is presented.

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Research Article Fri, 7 Oct 2022 11:08:59 +0300
Annotated checklist of the operculated land snails from Thailand (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Caenogastropoda): the family Pupinidae, with descriptions of several new species and subspecies, and notes on classification of Pupina Vignard, 1829 and Pupinella Gray, 1850 from mainland Southeast Asia https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/85400/ ZooKeys 1119: 1-115

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1119.85400

Authors: Parin Jirapatrasilp, Chirasak Sutcharit, Somsak Panha

Abstract: Thailand is located at the crossroads of several biogeographical regions, and boasts a high level of biodiversity, especially among the malacofauna. The most recent checklist of land snail species in Thailand was compiled more than twenty years ago, and so this checklist needs revision and the addition of newly discovered taxa. This study updates the taxonomy and species list of the operculated land snail family Pupinidae from Thailand. This snail family is diverse and abundant, and can be found in various natural habitats in Southeast Asia. Although the taxonomy of some Southeast Asian pupinid genera has been reviewed, studies of Pupina Vignard, 1829, which contains the highest number of species, and a lesser-known genus Pupinella Gray, 1850 are still lacking. Herein we present an annotated checklist with an up-to-date systematic framework of the Pupinidae in Thailand based on both field investigations and literature surveys, and include the taxonomic treatment of all Pupina and Pupinella species from mainland Southeast Asia. This annotated checklist contains 30 nominal species and two subspecies from seven genera currently known to occur in Thailand. We describe two species of Pseudopomatias (P. doiangkhangensis Jirapatrasilp, sp. nov. and P. pallgergelyi Jirapatrasilp, sp. nov.), five species and one subspecies of Pupina (P. bensoni Jirapatrasilp, sp. nov., P. bilabiata Jirapatrasilp, sp. nov., P. godwinausteni Jirapatrasilp, sp. nov., P. latisulci Jirapatrasilp, sp. nov., P. stoliczkai Jirapatrasilp, sp. nov., and P. dorri isanensis Jirapatrasilp, ssp. nov.) as new to science. New records of Coptocheilus sumatranus, Pupinella mansuyi, and Rhaphaulus tonkinensis are also reported from Thailand. The mainland Southeast Asian Pupina species are classified into three species groups (Pupina artata group, Pupina arula group, and Pupina aureola group) based on the distinction of shell teeth and canals, and operculum. Three species formerly in Pupina from Vietnam are allocated to Pupinella (P. illustris comb. nov., P. sonlaensis comb. nov., and P. thaitranbaii comb. nov.) due to the presence of a funnel-like anterior canal.

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Research Article Thu, 25 Aug 2022 19:04:43 +0300
Revision of the family Milacidae from Switzerland (Mollusca, Eupulmonata, Parmacelloidea) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/82762/ ZooKeys 1116: 149-179

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1116.82762

Authors: Vivianne M. Schallenberg, René Heim, Ulrich E. Schneppat, Peter Müller, Jörg Rüetschi, Eike Neubert

Abstract: In this work, the presence of species of the slug family Milacidae in Switzerland was investigated by using the barcoding marker cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) as well as traits of the body and the genital organs. Currently, three species of Tandonia living in Switzerland in established populations could be reported, i.e., T. rustica, T. budapestensis, and T. nigra. The three records of Milax gagates were re-investigated, but only for one of these records could the identification be reconfirmed. This species has currently no established and thriving population in Switzerland. For all species recorded, detailed descriptions of body morphology, genital anatomy, and distribution data are provided based on the investigated Swiss animals. An unknown pale colour morph of a Tandonia sp. from Canton Ticino could be identified as T. nigra, and the barcodes of T. nigra specimens were submitted to GenBank for the first time. The identity of the Italian and Austrian populations of T. nigra from the Bergamasque Alps and north Tirol is evaluated. Observations on details of the morphology of the genital organs in T. rustica vs. T. kusceri are discussed.

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Research Article Tue, 9 Aug 2022 15:46:10 +0300
A new provannid snail (Gastropoda, Abyssochrysoidea) discovered from Northwest Eifuku Volcano, Mariana Arc https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/85950/ ZooKeys 1112: 123-137

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1112.85950

Authors: Chong Chen, Hiromi Kayama Watanabe

Abstract: Gastropods in the family Provannidae are characteristic members of deep-sea chemosynthesis-based communities. Recently, surveys of hydrothermal vents and hydrocarbon seeps in the western Pacific have revealed a high diversity of provannids, with new discoveries continuing to be made. Here, we report and describe a further new species, Provanna exquisita sp. nov., discovered from the Northwest Eifuku volcano on the Mariana Arc. This new species is distinguished from all other described Provanna species by its exaggerated sculpture characterised by two to three sharply raised, flange-like keels on the teleoconch whorls. The status of P. exquisita sp. nov. is also supported by a molecular phylogeny reconstruction using the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene, which suggested that it is most closely related to a clade of three species described from Okinawa Trough vents including P. clathrata, P. subglabra, and P. fenestrata. Despite being one of the better-explored regions of the world in terms of hydrothermal vent biodiversity, new discoveries like P. exquisita sp. nov. continue to remind us that we are nowhere near fully documenting the species diversity in these unique ecosystems—despite the species being threatened from imminent anthropogenic impacts such as deep-sea mining.

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Research Article Thu, 14 Jul 2022 18:05:23 +0300
Description of Alvania wangi Xu, Qi & Kong, sp. nov. (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Littorinimorpha, Rissoidae) from the East China Sea https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/82173/ ZooKeys 1110: 201-217

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1110.82173

Authors: Biyang Xu, Lu Qi, Lingfeng Kong, Qi Li

Abstract: Alvania wangi Xu, Qi & Kong, sp. nov. (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Littorinimorpha, Rissoidae) was discovered within the intertidal zone in the Nanji Islands and Zhoushan Islands, Zhejiang Province, China. It has a radula characteristic of Alvania Risso, 1826, a protoconch sculptured with micro pits and lamellae between spiral lirae, and a teleoconch with growth lines and subobsolete cords. Specimens were examined using an integrative taxonomic approach incorporating morphological observations and phylogenetic analyses of concatenated mitochondrial 16S rRNA and nuclear 28S rRNA gene sequences. The findings suggest that the new species is sister to Alvania circinata A. Adams, 1861 and is probably endemic to the shallow waters of the East China Sea.

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Research Article Wed, 6 Jul 2022 19:54:31 +0300
Revision of the carnivorous land snail family Streptaxidae (Stylommatophora, Achatinina) in Myanmar, with description of four new species https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/85399/ ZooKeys 1110: 39-102

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1110.85399

Authors: Nem Sian Man, Thanit Siriboon, Aung Lin, Chirasak Sutcharit, Somsak Panha

Abstract: The carnivorous terrestrial snail family Streptaxidae, recognized by having a regular to eccentric shell with complex apertural dentition, remains little-known and largely unexplored in Myanmar. This article presents historically recorded species and provides new data on this family. A total of eighteen species in five genera, namely Carinartemis, Discartemon, Haploptychius, Oophana, and Perrottetia from the southeastern and eastern parts of Myanmar, is examined herein. Among these, Haploptychius is the most diverse with eight species, while the remaining genera are comprised of fewer than five species each. Streptaxis birmanica and Streptaxis blanfordianus are herein synonymized with Haploptychius blanfordi, while Streptaxis hanleyanus is synonymized with Carinartemis sankeyi. Furthermore, the first genitalia and radula descriptions for three previously known species, D. tonywhitteni, C. exacutus, and C. sankeyi, are provided. Using comparative morphological and anatomical approaches, four new species are described: D. paurodeviatus sp. nov., H. heliakosus sp. nov., H. tenasserimicus sp. nov., and H. karenorum sp. nov. This present study enhances the understanding of the land snail fauna in Myanmar, specifically the streptaxids, and highlights that limestone areas are important for biodiversity conservation.

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Research Article Mon, 4 Jul 2022 11:15:12 +0300
Uncovering local endemism from southeastern Myanmar: description of the new karst-associated terrestrial snail genus Burmochlamys (Eupulmonata, Helicarionidae) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/82461/ ZooKeys 1110: 1-37

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1110.82461

Authors: Arthit Pholyotha, Chirasak Sutcharit, Aung Lin, Somsak Panha

Abstract: Salween River basin’s karst ecosystems in southeastern Myanmar remain largely unexplored and are likely to harbour a high terrestrial snail diversity that are often associated with high levels of snail endemism. Here, an outstanding group of new karst-associated terrestrial snails, Burmochlamys gen. nov., are discovered. A study of the comparative morphological and anatomical data reveals that the reproductive tract and radula of this new genus are closely related to the helicarionid genus Sophina Benson, 1859 but shell morphology (shape, size, and sculpture) and mantle extensions are distinct from the latter genus. Burmochlamys gen. nov. now consists of four known nominal species, B. cassidula comb. nov., B. cauisa comb. nov., B. perpaula comb. nov., and B. poongee comb. nov., and five new species; B. albida sp. nov., B. fasciola sp. nov., B. moulmeinica sp. nov., B. versicolor sp. nov., and B. whitteni sp. nov. The highlight is that the members of the new genus show site-specific endemism, being restricted to karstic habitat islands of the Salween River basin. In addition, the discovery supports that the unique and complex structure of Salween River basin’s karst ecosystems are habitats in which the terrestrial malacofauna have speciated and become endemic.

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Research Article Mon, 4 Jul 2022 10:54:28 +0300
On the verge of extinction – revision of a highly endangered Swiss alpine snail with description of a new genus, Raeticella gen. nov. (Gastropoda, Eupulmonata, Hygromiidae) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/82866/ ZooKeys 1104: 69-91

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1104.82866

Authors: Jeannette Kneubühler, Markus Baggenstos, Eike Neubert

Abstract: The phylogenetic status of the alpine land snail Fruticicola biconica has remained questionable since it was described by Eder in 1917. Considered a microendemic species from mountain tops in Central Switzerland, the shell is specially adapted for life under stones. Herein, we show via molecular and anatomical investigations that F. biconica neither belongs to the land snail genus Trochulus, nor to any other genus within Trochulini, but rather warrants placement within the newly established genus Raeticella Kneubühler, Baggenstos & Neubert, 2022. Phylogenetic analyses reveal that R. biconica is clearly separated from Trochulus. These findings are supported by morphological investigations of the shell and genitalia.

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Research Article Wed, 8 Jun 2022 17:49:30 +0300
Molecular phylogeny suggests synonymy of Sandalia bridgesi Lorenz, 2009 with S. triticea (Lamarck, 1810) (Gastropoda, Ovulidae) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/79402/ ZooKeys 1096: 189-206

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1096.79402

Authors: Qiong Wu, BingPeng Xing, Mao Lin, GuangCheng Chen, ChunGuang Wang

Abstract: The Ovulidae (Gastropoda, Cypraeoidea) is a family of small to medium Mollusca in the order Littorinimorpha, and Sandalia is a very small genus containing only three extant species. In the present study, 132 specimens of Ovulidae were collected, belonging to seven genera and nine species, including 54 Sandalia bridgesi and three Sandalia triticea individuals. The cytochrome c oxidase I gene, 16S rRNA, and ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 sequences were obtained from all specimens and compared with sequences downloaded from GenBank to calculate genetic distances and construct phylogenetic trees. The sequences of S. bridgesi and S. triticea exhibited a high degree of similarity, and S. bridgesi does not form a separate clade, supporting the proposal that S. bridgesi should be synonymised with S. triticea.

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Research Article Mon, 18 Apr 2022 09:17:36 +0300
An update to the 2014 nomenclator of Valvatidae https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/80548/ ZooKeys 1092: 147-194

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1092.80548

Authors: Gerhard Haszprunar

Abstract: This contribution is an update to the 2014 compilation of all supra- and (infra-) specific taxa of extant and fossil Valvatidae, a group of freshwater operculate snails near the base of Heterobranchia with a nearly worldwide distribution. This update includes corrections and many additions (two replacement taxon names, 21 mainly fossil taxa previously overlooked, and 37 invalid names) to the 2014 contribution and adds all newly described species (11) during the past eight years. The extensive reference list is directly linked, where possible, to the available electronic source of the cited papers.

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Catalogue Wed, 6 Apr 2022 15:01:41 +0300
Complete mitochondrial genome of Conus lischkeanus Weinkauff, 1875 (Neogastropoda, Conidae) and phylogenetic implications of the evolutionary diversification of dietary types of Conus species https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/78990/ ZooKeys 1088: 173-185

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1088.78990

Authors: Yucheol Lee, Joong-Ki Park

Abstract: The family Conidae, commonly known as cone snails, is one of the most intriguing gastropod groups owing to their diverse array of feeding behaviors (diets) and toxin peptides (conotoxins). Conus lischkeanus Weinkauff, 1875 is a worm-hunting species widely distributed from Africa to the Northwest Pacific. In this study, we report the mitochondrial genome sequence of C. lischkeanus and inferred its phylogenetic relationship with other Conus species. Its mitochondrial genome is a circular DNA molecule (16,120 bp in size) composed of 37 genes: 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 transfer RNA genes, and two ribosomal RNA genes. Phylogenetic analyses of concatenated nucleotide sequences of 13 PCGs and two ribosomal RNA genes showed that C. lischkeanus belongs to the subgenus Lividoconus group, which is grouped with species of the subgenus Virgiconus, and a member of the largest assemblage of worm-hunting (vermivorous) species at the most basal position in this group. Mitochondrial genome phylogeny supports the previous hypothesis that the ancestral diet of cone snails was worm-hunting, and that other dietary types (molluscivous or piscivorous) have secondarily evolved multiple times from different origins. This new, complete mitochondrial genome information provides valuable insights into the mitochondrial genome diversity and molecular phylogeny of Conus species.

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Research Article Thu, 10 Mar 2022 10:10:53 +0200
Molecular phylogeny of Nipponacmea (Patellogastropoda, Lottiidae) from Japan: a re-evaluation of species taxonomy and morphological diagnosis https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/78193/ ZooKeys 1087: 163-198

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1087.78193

Authors: Shinnosuke Teruya, Davin H. E. Setiamarga, Tomoyuki Nakano, Takenori Sasaki

Abstract: The patellogastropod limpet genus Nipponacmea is widely distributed in Japan and adjacent East Asia. Species identification within Nipponacmea is challenging due to the high variation in shell morphology. In this study, we examined the taxonomy of this genus represented by nine nominal species from 43 localities (including type localities). Results of the molecular phylogenetic analysis revealed that: (1) N. gloriosa, the sole species in this genus inhabiting the subtidal zone, represents the most basal independent branch; (2) the remaining species are divided into two large clades with lower- and higher-apex shell profiles; and (3) the high-apex morphology was derived from the low-apex type. The terminal clades defined using the molecular data were consistent with nine morphospecies and had 100% bootstrap values, strongly supporting the conventional taxonomy of Nipponacmea. Although morphological similarities do not always reflect phylogeny, the set of morphological characters used in the current taxonomy were proven to be adequate for diagnosis. In conclusion, this study provided solid evidence to uphold the monophyly of known species of Nipponacmea in Japan and demonstrated the usefulness of morphological characters for species diagnosis.

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Research Article Fri, 25 Feb 2022 09:59:21 +0200
A review of the genus Laeocathaica Möllendorff, 1899 (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Camaenidae) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/77408/ ZooKeys 1086: 33-76

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1086.77408

Authors: Barna Páll-Gergely, András Hunyadi, Kaibaryer Meng, Judit Fekete

Abstract: In this paper an overview of the Laeocathaica species is provided, and the intraspecific variability of several Laeocathaica species demonstrated on multiple shells. Laeocathaica hisanoi Páll-Gergely, sp. nov. and L. minwui Páll-Gergely, sp. nov. are described based on specimens found in museum collections. Five new synonyms are recognized: L. prionotropis albocincta Möllendorff, 1899 is a new synonym of L. prionotropis Möllendorff, 1899, L. stenochone Möllendorff, 1899 is a new synonym of Laeocathaica carinifera (H. Adams, 1870). Laeocathaica distinguenda Möllendorff, 1899, L. tropidorhaphe Möllendorff, 1899, and L. dangchangensis Chen & Zhang, 2004 are moved to the synonymy of Laeocathaica amdoana Möllendorff, 1899. Furthermore, photos of paratypes of Cathaica bizonalis Chen & Zhang, 2004 are published for the first time.

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Research Article Tue, 15 Feb 2022 17:00:57 +0200
Revision of the “ Chloritis delibrata (Benson, 1836)” group (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora, Camaenidae) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/77180/ ZooKeys 1086: 1-31

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1086.77180

Authors: Barna Páll-Gergely, Jonathan D. Ablett, Márton Szabó, Eike Neubert

Abstract: Chloritis delibrata (Benson, 1836), known from northeastern India, was believed to have three varietal forms, sometimes mentioned as subspecies: C. delibrata var. khasiensis (Nevill, 1877) and C. delibrata var. fasciata (Godwin-Austen, 1875) from the Khasi Hills, India, and C. delibrata var. procumbens (Gould, 1844) from Dawei in Myanmar. The reproductive anatomy of the latter form is known and does not match with those of any continental camaenid genera, but does with that of the newly examined Chloritis platytropis Möllendorff, 1894 from Thailand. The latter species is conchologically similar to Bouchetcamaena huberi Thach, 2018 (synonym of Helix fouresi Morlet, 1886), which is the type species of the genus Bouchetcamaena Thach, 2018. Thus, Bouchetcamaena can provisionally host the entire Chloritis delibrata -group with the exception of var. fasciata, which is transferred to Burmochloritis Godwin-Austen, 1920 due to the multiple reddish bands on its shell. The examination of shells deposited in the Natural History Museum, London revealed that seven morphologically distinguishable forms are present, which are accepted here as representing distinct species. Four new species are described from India: Bouchetcamaena foveata Páll-Gergely sp. nov., B. fusca Páll-Gergely sp. nov., B. raripila Páll-Gergely sp. nov., and B. subdelibrata Páll-Gergely sp. nov.

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Research Article Tue, 15 Feb 2022 17:00:14 +0200
The genus Erhaia (Gastropoda, Truncatelloidea, Amnicolidae), with a new species from Bhutan https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/77900/ ZooKeys 1085: 1-9

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1085.77900

Authors: Edmund Gittenberger, Choki Gyeltshen, Björn Stelbrink

Abstract: The distribution of the five Erhaia (Gastropoda, Truncatelloidea, Amnicolidae) species that are diagnosed by both morphological and molecular data is combined with several records of less completely diagnosed nominal Erhaia species. The resulting distribution pattern is summarized in a map and is discussed herein. Erhaia norbui sp. nov. is described from Bhutan on the basis of shell morphology and two mitochondrial DNA barcoding markers. A molecular phylogeny is presented for the five Erhaia species for which molecular data are available, three of which form a separate clade and are from Bhutan.

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Research Article Wed, 2 Feb 2022 10:59:56 +0200
Battle of the bands: systematics and phylogeny of the white Goniobranchus nudibranchs with marginal bands (Nudibranchia, Chromodorididae) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/72939/ ZooKeys 1083: 169-210

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1083.72939

Authors: Giun Yee Soong, Lynn J. Bonomo, James D. Reimer, Terrence M. Gosliner

Abstract: Species identities of Goniobranchus nudibranchs with white bodies and various marginal bands have long been problematic. In this study, specimens of these Goniobranchus nudibranchs from the Philippines, Peninsular Malaysia, Japan, Papua New Guinea, and Madagascar were analyzed and molecular data were obtained in order to re-examine the relationships between species within this “white Goniobranchus with marginal bands” group. The analyses clearly recovered six species groups corresponding to the described species Goniobranchus albonares, G. preciosus, G. rubrocornutus, G. sinensis, and G. verrieri as well as one new species, G. fabulus Soong & Gosliner, sp. nov. Notably, G. preciosus, G. sinensis, G. rubrocornutus, G. verrieri, and G. fabulus Soong & Gosliner, sp. nov. exhibit color variation and polymorphism, suggesting that some aspects of color patterns (e.g., presence or absence of dorsal spots) may not always be useful in the identification of species in the “white Goniobranchus with marginal bands” group, whereas other features such as gill and rhinophore colors and the arrangement and colors of the mantle marginal bands are more diagnostic for each species.

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Research Article Tue, 25 Jan 2022 18:01:01 +0200
Genital anatomy, jaw and radula of Guladentia subtussulcata (Helicoidea, Cepolidae), endemic to western Cuba https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/73194/ ZooKeys 1080: 99-106

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1080.73194

Authors: Maike Hernández, Manuel A. Bauzá, Thierry Backeljau

Abstract: This study provides the first data on the genital anatomy, jaw and radula of Guladentia subtussulcata (L. Pfeiffer, 1863). The auxiliary copulatory organ of this species is very peculiar, similar to that of Jeanneretia L. Pfeiffer, 1877, and different from that of other cepolids. It consists of an elongate, pedunculate mucus gland inserted apically on a muscular papilla and an atrial sac, all covered by a sheath. A sheath-like accessory gland is inserted at the base of the atrial sac. Another similarity with Jeanneretia is the presence of a fertilization pouch-spermatheca complex with a single exposed spermatheca. Like Jeanneretia, G. subtussulcata has an oxygnath, highly arched jaw with slight striae over the entire surface and a broad, well-developed median projection. The radula has triangular and monocuspid central and lateral teeth (the central teeth are smaller than the rest). The marginal teeth are multicuspid with the mesocone and ectocones smaller than the endocones. The similar structures of the auxiliary copulatory organ (without dart sac) and spermatheca (simple) strongly suggest that G. subtussulcata and Jeanneretia spp. are closely related. As such, it remains to be decided whether Guladentia Clench & Aguayo, 1951 and Jeanneretia should continue to be treated as separate genera.

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Short Communication Tue, 4 Jan 2022 11:07:53 +0200
Morphological investigation of genital organs and first insights into the phylogeny of the genus Siciliaria Vest, 1867 as a basis for a taxonomic revision (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Clausiliidae) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/67081/ ZooKeys 1077: 1-175

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1077.67081

Authors: Willy De Mattia, Susanne Reier, Elisabeth Haring

Abstract:

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Research Article Tue, 14 Dec 2021 13:32:31 +0200
Rediscovering the dancing semislug genus Cryptosemelus Collinge, 1902 (Eupulmonata, Ariophantidae) from Thailand with description of two new species https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/75576/ ZooKeys 1076: 43-65

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1076.75576

Authors: Arthit Pholyotha, Chirasak Sutcharit, Somsak Panha

Abstract: Knowledge of Thai semislugs remains scarce, especially the dancing semislug genus Cryptosemelus. Prior to the present study, only a single species has been recognized with little available information. To address this knowledge gap, we surveyed for semislugs in western and southern Thailand, which yielded three species belonging to the genus Cryptosemelus. The little-known type species C. gracilis is redescribed herein, including a comparison with the type specimens. Two additional species, C. betarmon sp. nov. and C. tigrinus sp. nov., are described as new to science. All three species are characterized by differences in their genital anatomy, especially with respect to anatomical details of the penis, epiphallus, and spermatophore. In addition, C. tigrinus sp. nov. differs from C. gracilis and C. betarmon sp. nov. in the mantle color pattern.

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Research Article Wed, 8 Dec 2021 11:34:23 +0200
A new Diancta species of the family Diplommatinidae (Cyclophoroidea) from Vanua Levu Island, Fiji https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/73241/ ZooKeys 1073: 1-12

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1073.73241

Authors: Estée Bochud, David Haberthür, Ruslan Hlushchuk, Eike Neubert

Abstract: A new species of Diancta of the staircase snail family Diplommatinidae is described from Mt. Savusavu, Vanua Levu Island, Fiji. Due to its left coiling shell and a constriction before the last whorl, it is placed in the genus Diancta. Micro-CT imaging reveals two apertural teeth and an inner lamella that is situated at the zone of constriction. The shell abruptly changes coiling direction by 45 degrees before the last whorl. Up to now, this coiling modus had not yet been documented for any species of Diplommatinidae from the Fiji Islands.

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Research Article Mon, 29 Nov 2021 17:50:45 +0200
New genetic data reveals a new species of Zospeum in Bosnia (Gastropoda, Ellobioidea, Carychiinae) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/66417/ ZooKeys 1071: 175-193

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1071.66417

Authors: Thomas Inäbnit, Adrienne Jochum, Raijko Slapnik, Eike Neubert

Abstract: Recent integrative investigations of the terrestrial ellobiid genus, Zospeum, have revealed significant findings concerning its Alpine-Dinaric evolution and taxonomy. Due to the expected discrepancy between the useful, but limited, 1970s’ classification system based on shell data and the results of recent genetic analyses in the latest investigation, a revision of the entire radiation was undertaken, and a new classification system was devised by the present authors in an earlier paper. Concurrent to this work, molecular sequences from two Austrian caves were published independently of our revision by another research group. By incorporating these genetic data within our phylogenetic framework here, we show that the Austrian individuals are genetically most similar to Zospeum amoenum and consequently, classify them within that species. We additionally reveal two new genetic lineages from the largely under-sampled southern extension of Zospeum’s known distributional range. The first lineage, deriving from the region of Dubrovnik, Croatia, is a potential candidate for genetically clarifying Zospeum troglobalcanicum. The second lineage derives from the municipality of Tomislavgrad, Bosnia-Herzegovina and is herein, described a new species: Zospeum simplex Inäbnit, Jochum & Neubert, sp. nov.

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Research Article Thu, 18 Nov 2021 08:51:25 +0200
New data on the valvatiform-shelled Hydrobiidae (Caenogastropoda, Truncatelloidea) from southern Greece https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/64746/ ZooKeys 1062: 31-47

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1062.64746

Authors: Sebastian Hofman, Jozef Grego, Zoltán Fehér, Zoltán Péter Erőss, Aleksandra Rysiewska, Artur Osikowski, Andrzej Falniowski

Abstract: The minute valvatiform-shelled Hydrobiidae are less studied than other hydrobiid gastropods. In this paper, new data on these snails are presented, which have been collected at twelve springs in southern Greece: one in Boeotia, one on Evvoia Island, and ten on the Peloponnese Peninsula. Mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) and nuclear histone (H3) have been used to confirm the determinations and infer the relationships of the studied gastropods. They represent the genera Daphniola, Graecoarganiella and Isimerope. New localities, expanding the known geographic ranges, have been presented for Daphniola hadei and Daphniola louisi. A species of Daphniola found at two localities has been identified as a species new to science, and its description, including the shell, penis, and female reproductive organs is given. Possible relationships between Graecoarganiella and Isimerope are discussed; their representatives are possibly new species. At one locality a single specimen likely represents a new genus: it was found to be most closely related with Islamia, but genetically (p-distance) too distant to be congeneric with Islamia.

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Research Article Tue, 12 Oct 2021 11:48:18 +0300
Rare specimen identification in an un-integrated taxonomy: implications of DNA sequences from a Taiwanese Philine (Mollusca, Philinidae) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/28809/ ZooKeys 1060: 93-110

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1060.28809

Authors: Donald J. Colgan, Shane T. Ahyong, Karine Mardon, Ian M. Brereton

Abstract: Many species of the gastropod genus Philine have been named from northeastern Asia but scanty descriptions based predominantly on shells make it difficult to determine which are valid. This, plus the sporadic anatomical and genetic information available for many of these species has led to what may be described as an un-integrated taxonomy. In this situation, it is generally preferable to postpone dissection of rare and unusual specimens until relevant diagnostic characters can be established in broader studies. Micro-CT scanning and DNA sequencing were used to examine such a specimen collected recently from deep waters off northeastern Taiwan. Micro-CT examination of the morphology of the internal shell and gizzard plates suggested that, among named species, the sequenced specimen is most similar to P. otukai. It cannot, however, be definitively referred to P. otukai as that species lacks adequate anatomical description or known DNA sequences. Phylogenetic analyses of newly collected DNA sequences show the specimen to be most closely related to, but distinct from the northern Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean species, Philine quadripartita. The sequences also confirm genetically that five or more species of Philine occur in northeast Asia, including at least three subject to considerable taxonomic uncertainty.

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Research Article Fri, 17 Sep 2021 15:53:40 +0300
Systematic revision of Stegodera Martens, 1876 (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora, Camaenidae), with description of a new genus https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/68385/ ZooKeys 1059: 1-21

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1059.68385

Authors: Zhe-Yu Chen, Zhi-Tong Lyu, Min Wu

Abstract: The monotypic genus Stegodera Martens, 1876 is systematically revised based on anatomical and morphological examination of freshly collected specimens. A new species from southern Hunan, which resembles Stegodera angusticollis, is confirmed to represent a new genus evidenced by comparative shell morphology and anatomy as well as by molecular phylogenetic analyses. The new genus might be more closely related to Stegodera and Nesiohelix Kuroda & Emura, but differs anatomically from the latter two genera by the absence of a dart apparatus.

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Research Article Wed, 1 Sep 2021 17:17:26 +0300
Corrigendum: Red Sea Opisthobranchia 6: Phyllidiidae and their paradorid mimic: new species and new records (Heterobranchia, Nudibranchia, Doridina). ZooKeys 1006: 1–34. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1006.59732 https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/72258/ ZooKeys 1055: 161-163

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1055.72258

Authors: Nathalie Yonow

Abstract: none

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Corrigendum Thu, 12 Aug 2021 18:55:06 +0300
The only species of Mohnia Friele, 1879 (Caenogastropoda, Buccinoidea, Buccinidae) in the North Pacific represents an unrecognized new genus of Newtoniellidae (Triphoroidea) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/68911/ ZooKeys 1055: 69-87

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1055.68911

Authors: Ellen E. Strong, Boris I. Sirenko, James H. McLean

Abstract: Mohnia kurilana Dall, 1913 was described more than 100 years ago from deep waters off the Kuril Islands and remains exceedingly rare in museum collections. Originally placed in the carnivorous neogastropod family Buccinidae, fragmentary soft parts from the type lot and from several specimens belonging to allied species collected in the Aleutian Islands in the 1990s have allowed anatomical investigations for the first time. These have revealed the presence of a paucispiral operculum with an eccentric nucleus, foot with a deep propodial pedal gland and metapodial pedal gland, taenioglossate radula, short acrembolic proboscis, well-developed mid-esophageal gland, glandular prostate, and the absence of a penis; the nervous system is epiathroid with a long supra-esophageal connective and numerous statoconia in the statocysts. Analysis of the gut contents revealed abundant halichondriid sponge spicules. This evidence indicates a placement in the Triphoroidea, a diverse superfamily of specialized spongivores. Mohnia kurilana is transferred to the Newtoniellidae and placed in the new genus Pseudomohnia gen. nov. Pseudomohnia rogerclarki sp. nov. is established for a new species from the Aleutian Islands characterized by its narrowly turreted shell and distinctive multicuspid rachidian. A lectotype is designated for Mohnia kurilana.

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Research Article Thu, 5 Aug 2021 10:20:59 +0300
Clarification on the name-bearing type designation of several cyclophorid species (Mollusca, Gastropoda) by H. H. Godwin-Austen (1915) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/66842/ ZooKeys 1049: 43-66

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1049.66842

Authors: Parin Jirapatrasilp, Jonathan D. Ablett, Somsak Panha, Chirasak Sutcharit

Abstract: The type series boundary and the name-bearing type designation of each cyclophorid taxon originally described by Godwin-Austen are clarified based on an interpretation that complies with the ICZN. Previous statuses of type specimens designated by previous authors are reconsidered. Lectotypes of Spiraculum oakesi Godwin-Austen, 1915, Spiraculum kempi Godwin-Austen, 1915, Pterocyclos aborensis Godwin-Austen, 1915, Pterocyclos miriensis Godwin-Austen, 1915, Pterocyclos brahmakundensis Godwin-Austen, 1915, Spiraculum luyorensis Godwin-Austen, 1915, Spiraculum putaoensis Godwin-Austen, 1915, and Theobaldius oakesi Godwin-Austen, 1915 are here designated to stabilize the existing nomenclature. In addition, the type specimens of Pterocyclos miriensis and Theobaldius oakesi are photographed and figured for the first time.

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Research Article Fri, 16 Jul 2021 17:43:08 +0300
New records of nudibranchs and a cephalaspid from Kuwait, northwestern Arabian Gulf (Mollusca, Heterobranchia) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/66250/ ZooKeys 1048: 91-107

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1048.66250

Authors: Manickam Nithyanandan, Manal Al-Kandari, Gopikrishna Mantha

Abstract: In this study five new records and two probably undescribed species of heterobranch sea slugs placed in four genera, three families, and two orders are reported from Kuwait, northwestern Arabian / Persian Gulf with details and photographs. The present study increases the heterobranch diversity in Kuwaiti waters from 35 to 40 species. The range of habitats in Kuwait provides a vital opportunity for further investigation to understand the actual faunal diversity.

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Research Article Tue, 13 Jul 2021 14:26:46 +0300
Systematic review of the dextral Hemiplecta Albers, 1850 (Eupulmonata, Ariophantidae) from Thailand with description of a new species and list of all the Indochinese species https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/65735/ ZooKeys 1047: 101-154

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1047.65735

Authors: Chirasak Sutcharit, Somsak Panha

Abstract: The genus Hemiplecta is a group of large-sized land snails which have long been used as a food resource by Indochinese people. There are five dextral and four sinistral species currently recognized from Thailand. The dextral group is comprised of two previously recorded species (H. humphreysiana and H. distincta), two newly recorded species (H. funerea and H. esculenta), and one new species (H. nemorosa sp. nov.) from northern Thailand is being proposed. We reassessed the diagnostic characters of the genitalia, mantle edge, and radula. Specimens were classified into the genus Hemiplecta on the basis of the penial verge and shell lobe, and on the characters of a bulbous gametolytic sac without a gametolytic duct. A complete species list, together with photographs of the name-bearing types or authenticated specimens and the taxonomic status of Hemiplecta s.l. that are known from Indochina including Peninsular Malaysia and Myanmar, is provided for the first time. In total, this species list contains 39 available nominal species names described from this area. Type or authentic specimens can be located for 37 nominal species names, of which 25 are illustrated herein and the other 12 were recently illustrated. However, two available species-level names could not be traced to any type specimens. In addition, lectotypes of H. funerea and H. pluto are designated herein to stabilize the names.

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Research Article Mon, 28 Jun 2021 14:37:10 +0300
Crenobiont, stygophile and stygobiont molluscs in the hydrographic area of the Trebišnjica River Basin https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/64034/ ZooKeys 1047: 61-89

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1047.64034

Authors: Andrzej Falniowski, Brian Lewarne, Aleksandra Rysiewska, Artur Osikowski, Sebastian Hofman

Abstract: In the paper the crenobiont, stygophile and stygobiont malacofauna of the karst area of Popovo Polje around Trebinje (Eastern Herzegovina, BiH) is presented. The materials were collected from springs, caves and interstitial habitats (with a Bou-Rouch pump) at 23 localities. The following species were found: Pisidium cf. personatum A.W. Malm, 1855, Theodoxus callosus (Deshayes, 1833), Sadleriana fluminensis (Küster, 1852), Radomaniola curta (Küster, 1852), Radomaniola cf. bosniaca (Radoman, 1973), Kerkia briani Rysiewska & Osikowski, 2020, Montenegrospeum bogici (Pešić & Glöer, 2012), Litthabitella chilodia (Westerlund, 1886), Travunijana vruljakensis Grego & Glöer, 2019, a new genus and species of the Sadlerianinae, Emmericia ventricosa Brusina, 1870, Iglica cf. absoloni (A.J. Wagner, 1914), Plagigeyeria tribunicae Schütt, 1963, Paladilhiopsis arion Rysiewska & Osikowski, 2021, Valvata montenegrina Glöer & Pešić, 2008, Radix labiata (Rossmässler, 1835), Galba truncatula (O. F. Müller, 1774), Ancylus recurvus Martens, 1783, Ancylus sp. and the amphibiotic Succinea cf. putris (Linnaeus, 1758). The redescription of the genus Travunijana Grego & Glöer, 2019, applying the characteristics of shell, female reproductive organs and penis, is also presented. The new genus and species are described, based on the shell, penis, radula and fragmentary data on the female reproductive organs. For all species, the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) is applied to confirm the determination; in the case of Travunijana and the new genus, the nuclear histone H3 locus is also used, in order to infer both their distinctiveness and phylogenetic relationships.

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Research Article Mon, 28 Jun 2021 11:01:53 +0300
Two new species of the Balkan genus Paladilhiopsis Pavlović, 1913 (Caenogastropoda, Moitessieriidae) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/64489/ ZooKeys 1046: 157-176

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1046.64489

Authors: Sebastian Hofman, Jozef Grego, Aleksandra Rysiewska, Artur Osikowski, Andrzej Falniowski

Abstract: The Balkan Peninsula is inhabited by the worldwide most diverse subterranean gastropod fauna. This fauna is still poorly studied, since its habitats are not easily accessible, and its sampled populations are mostly not rich in specimens’ numbers. Often only empty shells are known, but the shell is hardly useful, not only in phylogeny reconstruction, but even in species determination. The exclusively obligatory subterranean family Moitessieriidae is especially poorly studied. Representatives of the genus Paladilhiopsis Pavlović, 1913 (Moitessieriidae) collected at three localities, distributed in Croatia and Bosnia & Herzegovina, were studied. The pigmentation of their shells and soft parts, as well as the female and male reproductive organs in one taxon, are presented. The partial sequences of the molecular markers mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) and nuclear histone 3 (H3) were used to infer their systematic status and phylogenetic relationships. Two species new to science are described. For one of them, also studied anatomically, 15 specimens were sequenced for COI, and all show the same haplotype.

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Research Article Mon, 21 Jun 2021 16:34:29 +0300
An updated inventory of sea slugs from Koh Tao, Thailand, with notes on their ecology and a dramatic biodiversity increase for Thai waters https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/64474/ ZooKeys 1042: 73-188

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1042.64474

Authors: Rahul Mehrotra, Manuel A. Caballer Gutiérrez, Chad M. Scott, Spencer Arnold, Coline Monchanin, Voranop Viyakarn, Suchana Chavanich

Abstract: Improved access to field survey infrastructure throughout South-East Asia has allowed for a greater intensity of biodiversity surveys than ever before. The rocky bottoms and coral reef habitats across the region have been shown to support some of the highest sea slug biodiversity on the planet, with ever increasing records. During the past ten years, intensive SCUBA surveys have been carried out at Koh Tao, in the Gulf of Thailand, which have yielded remarkable findings in sea slug biology and ecology. In this work a brief history of sea slug biodiversity research from Thailand is covered and a complete inventory of sea slugs from Koh Tao, Gulf of Thailand is provided. This inventory is based on surveys from 2012 to 2020, with previously unreported findings since 2016. Habitat specificity and species-specific ecology are reported where available with a focused comparison of coral reef habitats and deeper soft-sediment habitats. The findings contribute 90 new species records for Thai waters (92 for the Gulf of Thailand) and report a remarkable consistency in the proportional diversity found to be exclusive to one habitat type or another. Additionally, taxonomic remarks are provided for species documented from Koh Tao that have not been discussed in past literature from Thailand, and a summary of previous records in the Indo-West Pacific is given.

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Research Article Wed, 9 Jun 2021 23:00:48 +0300
A new genus and species of Hydrobiidae Stimpson, 1865 (Caenogastropoda, Truncatelloidea) from Peloponnese, Greece https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/64038/ ZooKeys 1037: 161-179

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1037.64038

Authors: Andrzej Falniowski, Jozef Grego, Aleksandra Rysiewska, Artur Osikowski, Sebastian Hofman

Abstract: Minute caenogastropod brackish-water gastropods, formerly classified as Hydrobia, are important elements of the brackish-water fauna and were objects of intensive study for many years. Until now, five genera have been distinguished, most of them represented by a number of species, but rather indistinguishable without molecular data (cytochrome oxidase subunit I – COI). In the eastern Mediterranean region, they are still poorly studied. In this paper, we present a new species of “Hydrobia” from the brackish Moustos spring, Arkadia, eastern Peloponnese, Greece. The shell, protoconch, radula, female reproductive organs, and penis are described and illustrated, together with the molecular (COI) relationships with other hydrobiids. All data confirm that these snails represent a distinct taxon, which must be classified as a new species belonging to a new genus. The formal descriptions are given. The closest, sister taxon is Salenthydrobia Wilke, 2003. The molecularly estimated time of divergence, 5.75 ± 0.49 Mya, coincides with 5.33 Mya, which is the time of the Oligocene flooding that terminated the Messinian salinity crisis. During the latter period, brackish “Lago-Mare” habitats were most probably suitable for the last common ancestor of Salenthydrobia and the newly described genus. Later, the Pliocene flooding isolated the Apennine and Peloponnese populations, promoting speciation.

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Research Article Tue, 18 May 2021 01:57:38 +0300
The tree snail on Rota Island, Northern Mariana Islands, long identified as Partula gibba (Partulidae), is a different species https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/56303/ ZooKeys 1037: 105-118

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1037.56303

Authors: David R. Sischo, Michael G. Hadfield

Abstract: Tree snails in the family Partulidae are widespread across the tropical Pacific, with endemic species occurring on most high islands. Partulid species have faced catastrophic range reductions and extinctions due primarily to introduced predators. Consequently, most extant species are threatened with imminent extinction. The U.S. administered Mariana Islands, consisting of Guam in the South and the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (CNMI) in the north, historically harbored six endemic partulid species, half of which are thought to be extinct. While conducting a phylogenetic assessment of Partula gibba, an extant tree-snail with a range spanning at least seven islands within the archipelago, it was discovered that what has been identified as P. gibba on the island of Rota is a misidentified cryptic species. Here we use molecular phylogenetics, shell morphometrics and reproductive anatomy to describe it as a new species, Partula lutaensis sp. nov.. Because the new species has suffered population declines and has a restricted range, consisting solely of the small island of Rota, we highlight the urgent need for conservation measures.

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Research Article Mon, 17 May 2021 18:29:01 +0300
Land snails and slugs of Bau limestone hills, Sarawak (Malaysia, Borneo), with the descriptions of 13 new species https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/60843/ ZooKeys 1035: 1-113

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1035.60843

Authors: Mohammad Effendi bin Marzuki, Thor-Seng Liew, Jayasilan Mohd-Azlan

Abstract: This study presents a list of land snails and slugs found on limestone hills in the District of Bau, the state of Sarawak in Malaysian Borneo. Systematic and random sampling for land snails was conducted at eight limestone outcrops, namely, Gunung Stulang, Padang Pan, Gunung Kapor, Gunung Lobang Angin, Gunung Doya, Gunung Batu, Bukit Sekunyit and Gunung Sebayat. A total of 122 land snail species was documented with photographs of each species. Of the 122 species collected, 13 are new to science, namely, Acmella bauensis sp. nov., Japonia bauensis sp. nov., Plectostoma margaretchanae sp. nov., Microcystina arabii sp. nov., Microcystina atoni sp. nov., Microcystina paripari sp. nov., Microcystina lirata sp. nov., Microcystina oswaldbrakeni sp. nov., Microcystina kilat sp. nov., Philalanka jambusanensis sp. nov., Everettia microrhytida sp. nov., Everettia minuta sp. nov., and Paralaoma sarawakensis sp. nov.

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Research Article Tue, 27 Apr 2021 22:23:31 +0300
Assessment of Megadenus holothuricola Rosén, 1910 (Eulimidae), an endoparasite of Holothuria mexicana Ludwig, 1875 (Holothuriidae) in the southern Gulf of Mexico and the description a new species https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/55071/ ZooKeys 1016: 49-61

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1016.55071

Authors: Norma Emilia González-Vallejo, Stephanie Amador-Carrillo

Abstract: As part of a study on holothurians from the southern Gulf of Mexico, some Holothuria mexicana Ludwig, 1875 were obtained for gut analysis. In two of them, a couple of eulimids were located inside the main tube of the respiratory tree. They were identified as Megadenus holothuricola Rosén, 1910, described from the Bahamas Islands, based on five specimens attached to the respiratory tree of H. mexicana. The original description was brief with few details, the type material is lost, and the species has not been found again. In this contribution, this species is confirmed for Campeche Bay, Mexico. The adult shell is globular to conical, transparent, thin, and fragile. Megadenus smithi sp. nov. from Palmyra Atoll, Central Pacific is described based on adult specimens. It differs from its congeneric species in its more robust shell, the pseudopallium does not cover the shell, and its short and contracted proboscis forms a thick disc. Further research on these eulimid parasites is now complicated in the southern Gulf of Mexico because of the holothurian population collapse due to over-exploitation of the fishery.

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Research Article Thu, 11 Feb 2021 14:04:00 +0200
Red Sea Opisthobranchia 6: Phyllidiidae and their paradorid mimic: new species and new records (Heterobranchia, Nudibranchia, Doridina) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/59732/ ZooKeys 1006: 1-34

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1006.59732

Authors: Nathalie Yonow

Abstract: With the complexity of the family Phyllidiidae and the problems of identification in the Indo-West Pacific, the story of the Red Sea species continues to unfold. One new species and one new record are added to the Red Sea fauna, both belonging to the genus Phyllidiella. Phyllidiella amphitrite sp. nov. is described from a single specimen from the northern Red Sea and clearly differs from all species of Phyllidiella in having pale yellow pigment on the tubercles. Phyllidiella zeylanica is newly recorded from the Red Sea with five specimen records and several photographed individuals; other than this, it has a western Indian Ocean distribution. Phyllidia schupporum was collected for the first time since its original description; because its distribution is now extended to the Persian Gulf, it is no longer considered endemic to the Red Sea. The distribution of the Red Sea endemic Phyllidia dautzenbergi is extended northwards to Hurghada, Egypt. A small specimen of the endemic Phyllidiopsis sinaiensis was found at 214–237 m depth just at the mouth of the Red Sea, which is a bathymetrical range extension from its previous shallow coral reef records. The identifications of other species are revisited. A new species of Paradoris is described as Paradoris hypocrita sp. nov., differing from the well-known but localised West Pacific P. liturata which also resembles a phyllidiid. This new species was recorded many years ago by published photographs, and it is relatively common in the Red Sea, evidenced by several specimens and additional photographs. It is described herein, and is considered a Red Sea endemic, differing from both the unnamed Indian Ocean species and the named Pacific species.

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Research Article Mon, 21 Dec 2020 00:09:00 +0200
Descriptions of four new dextral land snails of the genus Camaena (Gastropoda, Eupulmonata, Camaenidae) from south China https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/54187/ ZooKeys 996: 37-58

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.996.54187

Authors: Pei Wang, Mei-Ling Hu, Jun-Hong Lin, Hai-Fang Yang, Xiao-Jing Li, Wei-Chuan Zhou

Abstract: In this study, four new dextral camaenid from China are reported, based on shell morphology, reproductive system anatomy, and molecular phylogenetic analyses: Camaena funingensis Zhou, Wang & Lin, sp. nov., Camaena gaolongensis Zhou, Wang & Lin, sp. nov., Camaena maguanensis Zhou, Wang & Hu, sp. nov., and Camaena yulinensis Zhou, Wang & Hu, sp. nov. Detailed descriptions of the morphological characteristics including shells and genitalia, DNA sequences, and living environments of the four new species are provided, with further comparisons with congeners.

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Research Article Tue, 24 Nov 2020 20:12:50 +0200
A report of a new species and new record of Cadlina (Nudibranchia, Cadlinidae) from South Korea https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/54602/ ZooKeys 996: 1-18

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.996.54602

Authors: Thinh Dinh Do, Dae-Wui Jung, Hyun-Jong Kil, Chang-Bae Kim

Abstract: Of the four species in the genus Cadlina present in the northwestern Pacific region, C. japonica has been the only species recorded from South Korea. For the purpose of investigating Cadlina in Korean waters, specimens were collected from the Korean East Sea (Sea of Japan) by scuba diving. The radula and morphology of these specimens were examined by stereoscopic and scanning electron microscopy. Based on morphology, three species were identified in Korean waters, including the new species, Cadlina koreana sp. nov., C. umiushi (first record in South Korea), and C. japonica. Cadlina koreana sp. nov. somewhat resembles C. umiushi but differs in both its morphology as well as the structure of its radula. The background color of Cadlina koreana sp. nov. is translucent white, tubercles on the dorsum are opaque white and the yellow marginal band is absent. The radular formula of Cadlina koreana sp. nov. is 57 × 23.1.23 with a rectangular rachidian tooth. In addition, mitochondrial cytochrome c subunit 1 (COI), 16S ribosomal RNA (16S rRNA), and nuclear 28S ribosomal RNA (28S rRNA) gene sequences were generated and used for analysis of Automatic Barcode Gap Discovery (ABGD) and reconstruction of the phylogenetic tree. Morphological distinction and genetic analyses confirm that three Cadlina species are present in Korean waters of which Cadlina koreana is a new species.

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Research Article Tue, 24 Nov 2020 19:57:49 +0200
Redescription of Stenothyra glabra A. Adam, 1861 (Truncatelloidea, Stenothyridae), with the first complete mitochondrial genome in the family Stenothyridae https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/51408/ ZooKeys 991: 69-83

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.991.51408

Authors: Lu Qi, Lingfeng Kong, Qi Li

Abstract: In this study, Stenothyra glabra belonging to the truncatelloid family Stenothyridae is redescribed using morphological characters from the shell, operculum, and radula. The species is distinguished from other species in the group by its shell without spotted spiral lines and by its dome-shaped, mostly smooth, protoconch with some pits. Together with the morphological description, the complete mitogenome for the species is provided, which fill a knowledge gap in Stenothyridae. The mitogenome of S. glabra is 15,830 bp in length and has a circular structure. It contains 37 genes: 22 transfer RNA genes (tRNAs), two ribosomal RNA genes (rRNAs), and 13 protein-encoding genes (PCGs). The overall A+T content of the mitogenome is 68.9%. Molecular phylogenetic analysis and COI sequence divergence separate S. glabra from its congeners and show that S. glabra and S. cf. divalis form a sister clade.

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Research Article Wed, 11 Nov 2020 23:23:47 +0200
Hidden in plain sight: two co-occurring cryptic species of Supplanaxis in the Caribbean (Cerithioidea, Planaxidae) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/57521/ ZooKeys 991: 85-109

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.991.57521

Authors: Ellen E. Strong, Philippe Bouchet

Abstract: The cerithioid Supplanaxis nucleus (Bruguière, 1789) is widespread in the Caribbean, where it lives in often dense aggregates on hard surfaces in the middle-high intertidal. Molecular evidence shows that it comprises two species that are in fact morphologically diagnosable. We fix the nomenclature of Supplanaxis nucleus by designating a sequenced neotype from Bruguière’s historical locality of Barbados, and identify the second, cryptic species as S. nancyae (Petuch, 2013). The two live syntopically across the Caribbean and form a closely related species group with the Panamic S. planicostatus (G.B. Sowerby I, 1825). Planaxis nucleola Mörch, 1876, described from St Croix, in the Virgin Islands, never again recorded in the literature but listed as a synonym of S. nucleus in taxonomic authority lists, is recognized as a valid species of Hinea Gray, 1847. Proplanaxis Thiele, 1929 and Supplanaxis Thiele, 1929, are synonyms and the latter is given precedence over the former.

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Research Article Wed, 11 Nov 2020 20:22:12 +0200
Redescription of Monacha pantanellii (De Stefani, 1879), a species endemic to the central Apennines, Italy (Gastropoda, Eupulmonata, Hygromiidae) by an integrative molecular and morphological approach https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/56397/ ZooKeys 988: 17-61

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.988.56397

Authors: Joanna R. Pieńkowska, Giuseppe Manganelli, Folco Giusti, Debora Barbato, Ewa Kosicka, Alessandro Hallgass, Andrzej Lesicki

Abstract: Specimens obtained from ten populations of a Monacha species from the central Apennines were compared with six molecular lineages of Monacha cantiana s. l. (CAN-1, CAN-2, CAN-3, CAN-4, CAN-5, CAN-6) and two other Monacha species (M. cartusiana and M. parumcincta), treated as outgroup, by molecular (nucleotide sequences of two mitochondrial COI and 16S rDNA as well as two nuclear ITS2 and H3 gene fragments) and morphological (shell and genital anatomy) analysis. The results strongly suggest that these populations represent a separate species for which two names are available: the older Helix pantanellii De Stefani, 1879 and the junior M. ruffoi Giusti, 1973. The nucleotide sequences created well separated clades on each phylogenetic tree. Genital anatomy included several distinctive features concerning vaginal appendix, penis, penial papilla and flagellum; instead, shell characters only enabled them to be distinguished from M. cartusiana and M. parumcincta. Remarkably, populations of M. pantanellii show high morphological variability. Shell variability mainly concerns size, some populations having very small dimensions. Genital variability shows a more intricate pattern of all anatomical parts, being higher as regards the vagina and vaginal appendix. Despite this morphological variability, the K2P distance range of COI sequences between populations is narrow (0.2–4.5%), if we consider all but three of the 53 sequences obtained. This research confirmed that the species of Monacha and their molecularly distinguished lineages can only occasionally be recognised morphologically and that they have significant inter- and intra-population variability. The possibility of using an overall approach, including shell, genital and molecular evidence, was taken in order to establish a reliable taxonomic setting.

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Research Article Fri, 6 Nov 2020 16:25:50 +0200
Genus-level revision of the Alycaeidae (Gastropoda, Cyclophoroidea), with an annotated species catalogue https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/53583/ ZooKeys 981: 1-220

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.981.53583

Authors: Barna Páll-Gergely, Sheikh Sajan, Basudev Tripathy, Kaibaryer Meng, Takahiro Asami, Jonathan D. Ablett

Abstract: 412 species-group names (including 11 replacement names), and 14 genus-group names of the Alycaeidae have been introduced to date. Type materials of 85% (336) of the known species and subspecies were examined, a further 5% (19) of the taxa were studied using available non-type material, and for another 6% (22) the original descriptions were sufficiently detailed to evaluate their taxonomic status. Only 3% of the taxa (12) could not be examined. Special attention was paid to the sculpture of the embryonic whorls and the sutural tube-microtunnel system in order to provide a novel classification for this group. In this study 363 taxa (320 species or 43 subspecies) are accepted within the family Alycaeidae. Of these, 22 have been described by the lead author and his coauthors in previous publications. In addition, there are 18 species that were formerly classified in Cycloryx and now belong to Pincerna due to its synonymy with Cycloryx. Among the remaining 323 species, 209 (65%) are transferred here to another genus, whilst 114 (35%) have remained in their original genus. Seven genera are accepted. While some questions (e.g., the distinction between Pincerna and Alycaeus) remained unanswered, this revision made three main achievements: (1) The Dicharax species were identified based on the absence of spiral striation on the entire shell; (2) the Metalycaeus species were identified based on the spiral striation of the protoconch; (3) and Stomacosmethis was separated from Alycaeus based on the extremely short sutural tube. Five nominal species are being synonymised with other species, and eight species are now treated as subspecies. The following replacement names are proposed: Dioryx urnula niosiensis Páll-Gergely, nom. nov. for Alycaeus urnula var. daflaensis Godwin-Austen, 1914; Dioryx urnula rotundus Páll-Gergely, nom. nov. for Alycaeus urnula var. globosus Godwin-Austen, 1914; Pincerna crenilabris juttingae Páll-Gergely, nom. nov. for Alycaeus crenilabris laevis van Benthem Jutting, 1959; Pincerna crenilabris korintjiensis Páll-Gergely, nom. nov. for Alycaeus crenilabris latecostatus van Benthem Jutting, 1959; Dicharax conicus jatingaensis Páll-Gergely, nom. nov. for Alycaeus conicus var. nanus Godwin-Austen, 1914; Metalycaeus godwinausteni Páll-Gergely, nom. nov. for Alycaeus neglectus Godwin-Austen, 1914; and finally Metalycaeus suhajdai Páll-Gergely, nom. nov. for Alycaeus varius Godwin-Austen, 1914.

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Monograph Thu, 29 Oct 2020 16:28:41 +0200
The terrestrial microsnail genus Aulacospira Möllendorff, 1890 (Eupulmonata, Stylommatophora, Hypselostomatidae) in Thailand with key to Thai species https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/54100/ ZooKeys 980: 23-42

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.980.54100

Authors: Pongrat Dumrongrojwattana, Kitti Tanmuangpak

Abstract: Thai terrestrial microsnails in the genus Aulacospira Möllendorff, 1890 are revised based on the collection of the Zoological Research Collection, Burapha University, Chonburi Province, Thailand and recently collected material. Three new species are described: Aulacospira nutadhirai sp.nov. from Southern Thailand, and Aulacospira tekavongae sp.nov. and Aulacospira vanwalleghemi sp. nov. from Eastern Thailand. The radula and genital system are described, and a key to Thai species is presented.

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Research Article Wed, 28 Oct 2020 09:13:45 +0200
Integrative taxonomic revision of the land snail genus Sarika Godwin-Austen, 1907 in Thailand, with descriptions of nine new species (Eupulmonata, Ariophantidae) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/53859/ ZooKeys 976: 1-100

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.976.53859

Authors: Arthit Pholyotha, Chirasak Sutcharit, Piyoros Tongkerd, Somsak Panha

Abstract: Members of the land snail genus Sarika Godwin-Austen 1907 are superficially similar and difficult to differentiate by their shell morphology so that their species limits are still unclear. In order to resolve the taxonomy of this group, a phylogenetic reconstruction of Sarika is presented, based on morphological and anatomical characters, as well as on partial sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene. In total, 23 species of Sarika are recognised in Thailand, and nine species are new to science, namely S. caligina Pholyotha & Panha, sp. nov., S. gratesi Pholyotha & Panha, sp. nov., S. inferospira Pholyotha & Panha, sp. nov., S. lactospira Pholyotha & Panha, sp. nov., S. megalogyne Pholyotha & Panha, sp. nov., S. melanospira Pholyotha & Panha, sp. nov., S. pellosa Pholyotha & Panha, sp. nov., S. solemi Pholyotha & Panha, sp. nov., and S. subheptagyra Pholyotha & Panha, sp. nov. Results from genital examination and COI analyses confirm the monophyly of Sarika and its species. The intra- and inter-specific genetic distances of Sarika were 0–3.7% and 4.6–12.0%, respectively. Colour images of the living adults, shell, and genitalia along with SEM images of the spermatophore and radula are given. In addition, an identification key and a geographical distribution map of Sarika species are provided.

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Research Article Tue, 20 Oct 2020 18:28:33 +0300
A new species of Kerkia Radoman, 1978 (Caenogastropoda, Hydrobiidae) from Bosnia and Herzegovina https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/52788/ ZooKeys 973: 17-33

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.973.52788

Authors: Sebastian Hofman, Aleksandra Rysiewska, Artur Osikowski, Andrzej Falniowski

Abstract: A new species of Kerkia, K. briani Rysiewska & Osikowski, sp. nov. is described from the spring Polički Studenac Vrelo (Crkvina), adjacent to the Trebišnjica River (Bosnia and Herzegovina) collected with Bou-Rouch technique, pumped from an interstitial habitat 50 cm below the bottom of the spring. The shell, female reproductive organs, and the penis are described and illustrated. Mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) and nuclear histone H3 partial sequences confirm the distinctness of the new species, and molecularly based phylogenetic relationships of Kerkia are briefly presented.

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Research Article Mon, 5 Oct 2020 13:40:00 +0300
Systematic revision of the genus Peronia Fleming, 1822 (Gastropoda, Euthyneura, Pulmonata, Onchidiidae) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/52853/ ZooKeys 972: 1-224

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.972.52853

Authors: Benoît Dayrat, Tricia C. Goulding, Deepak Apte, Sadar Aslam, Adam Bourke, Joseph Comendador, Munawar Khalil, Xuân Quảng Ngô, Siong Kiat Tan, Shau Hwai Tan

Abstract: The genus Peronia Fleming, 1822 includes all the onchidiid slugs with dorsal gills. Its taxonomy is revised for the first time based on a large collection of fresh material from the entire Indo-West Pacific, from South Africa to Hawaii. Nine species are supported by mitochondrial (COI and 16S) and nuclear (ITS2 and 28S) sequences as well as comparative anatomy. All types available were examined and the nomenclatural status of each existing name in the genus is addressed. Of 31 Peronia species-group names available, 27 are regarded as invalid (twenty-one synonyms, sixteen of which are new, five nomina dubia, and one homonym), and four as valid: Peronia peronii (Cuvier, 1804), Peronia verruculata (Cuvier, 1830), Peronia platei (Hoffmann, 1928), and Peronia madagascariensis (Labbé, 1934a). Five new species names are created: P. griffithsi Dayrat & Goulding, sp. nov., P. okinawensis Dayrat & Goulding, sp. nov., P. setoensis Dayrat & Goulding, sp. nov., P. sydneyensis Dayrat & Goulding, sp. nov., and P. willani Dayrat & Goulding, sp. nov. Peronia species are cryptic externally but can be distinguished using internal characters, with the exception of P. platei and P. setoensis. The anatomy of most species is described in detail here for the first time. All the secondary literature is commented on and historical specimens from museum collections were also examined to better establish species distributions. The genus Peronia includes two species that are widespread across the Indo-West Pacific (P. verruculata and P. peronii) as well as endemic species: P. okinawensis and P. setoensis are endemic to Japan, and P. willani is endemic to Northern Territory, Australia. Many new geographical records are provided, as well as a key to the species using morphological traits.

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Monograph Thu, 1 Oct 2020 01:17:04 +0300
On the Plakobranchidae (Gastropoda, Sacoglossa) from soft sediment habitats of Koh Tao, Gulf of Thailand, with descriptions of two new species https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/52941/ ZooKeys 969: 85-121

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.969.52941

Authors: Rahul Mehrotra, Manuel Caballer Gutierrez, Chad M. Scott, Spencer Arnold, Coline Monchanin, Suchana Chavanich

Abstract: Research in recent years have provided rapid advances in biogeographic and taxonomic documentation of sea slugs around the world. However, efforts are lacking in surveying most coastlines and habitats in South-East Asia. Recent studies from the Gulf of Thailand have indicated that a wealth of unexplored sea slug diversity and ecology may be gained from an investigation of soft sediment habitats beyond the reef slopes. Additionally, the waters of Koh Tao have been found to host regionally high levels of sea slug diversity with several species awaiting taxonomic clarification. In this work the initial findings of an expanded survey effort from the waters around Koh Tao are provided, with the identity of two soft sediment-associated sacoglossan species in the family Plakobranchidae being investigated. By integrating morphological and molecular analyses, the species Plakobranchus noctisstellatus sp. nov. and Elysia aowthai sp. nov. are described and species complexes surrounding Plakobranchus ocellatus van Hasselt, 1824 and Elysia japonica Eliot, 1913 are discussed. The topics of morphological variability and the cryptic species problem are also discussed.

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Research Article Thu, 17 Sep 2020 17:26:19 +0300
Uncovering the shell game with barcodes: diversity of meiofaunal Caecidae snails (Truncatelloidea, Caenogastropoda) from Central America https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/52986/ ZooKeys 968: 1-42

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.968.52986

Authors: Christina Egger, Timea P. Neusser, Jon Norenburg, Francesca Leasi, Barbara Buge, Angelo Vannozzi, Regina L. Cunha, Cymon J. Cox, Katharina M. Jörger

Abstract: Caecidae is a species-rich family of microsnails with a worldwide distribution. Typical for many groups of gastropods, caecid taxonomy is largely based on overt shell characters. However, identification of species using shell characteristics is problematic due to their rather uniform, tubular shells, the presence of different growth stages, and a high degree of intraspecific variability. In the present study, a first integrative approach to caecid taxonomy is provided using light-microscopic investigation with microsculptural analyses and multi-marker barcoding, in conjunction with molecular species delineation analyses (ABGD, haplotype networks, GMYC, and bPTP). In total 132 specimens of Caecum and Meioceras collected during several sampling trips to Central America were analyzed and delineated into a minimum of 19 species to discuss putative synonyms, and supplement the original descriptions. Molecular phylogenetic analyses suggest Meioceras nitidum and M. cubitatum should be reclassified as Caecum, and the genus Meioceras might present a junior synonym of Caecum. Meiofaunal caecids morphologically resembling C. glabrum from the Northeast Atlantic are a complex of cryptic species with independent evolutionary origins, likely associated with multiple habitat shifts to the mesopsammic environment. Caecum invisibile Egger & Jörger, sp. nov. is formally described based on molecular diagnostic characters. This first integrative approach towards the taxonomy of Caecidae increases the known diversity, reveals the need for a reclassification of the genus Caecum and serves as a starting point for a barcoding library of the family, thereby enabling further reliable identifications of these taxonomically challenging microsnails in future studies.

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Research Article Wed, 16 Sep 2020 15:50:24 +0300
Diversity of benthic marine mollusks of the Strait of Magellan, Chile (Polyplacophora, Gastropoda, Bivalvia): a historical review of natural history https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/52234/ ZooKeys 963: 1-36

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.963.52234

Authors: Cristian Aldea, Leslie Novoa, Samuel Alcaino, Sebastián Rosenfeld

Abstract: An increase in richness of benthic marine mollusks towards high latitudes has been described on the Pacific coast of Chile in recent decades. This considerable increase in diversity occurs specifically at the beginning of the Magellanic Biogeographic Province. Within this province lies the Strait of Magellan, considered the most important channel because it connects the South Pacific and Atlantic Oceans. These characteristics make it an interesting area for marine research; thus, the Strait of Magellan has historically been the area with the greatest research effort within the province. However, despite efforts there is no comprehensive and updated list of the diversity of mollusks within the Strait of Magellan up to now. This study consisted of a complete bibliographic review of all available literature that included samples of mollusks in the Strait of Magellan. More than 300 articles were reviewed, covering 200 years of scientific knowledge. There were 2579 records belonging to 412 taxa, of which 347 are valid species. Of the total valid species, 44 (~13%) are considered of doubtful presence in the Strait. This work increases the known richness of mollusks of the Strait of Magellan by 228%; it is also the first report that integrates all available diversity studies of the three most speciose classes of benthic mollusks (Gastropoda, Bivalvia and Polyplacophora) from the Strait of Magellan.

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Data Paper Mon, 24 Aug 2020 09:20:23 +0300
Annotated checklist of freshwater molluscs from the largest freshwater lake in Southeast Asia https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/53865/ ZooKeys 958: 107-141

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.958.53865

Authors: Ting Hui Ng, Ekgachai Jeratthitikul, Chirasak Sutcharit, Samol Chhuoy, Kakada Pin, Arthit Pholyotha, Warut Siriwut, Ruttapon Srisonchai, Zeb S. Hogan, Peng Bun Ngor

Abstract: The Tonle Sap Lake in Cambodia is a crucial freshwater biodiversity hotspot and supports one of the world’s largest inland fisheries. Within the Tonle Sap basin, freshwater molluscs provide vital ecosystem services and are among the fauna targetted for commercial harvesting. Despite their importance, freshwater molluscs of the Tonle Sap basin remain poorly studied. The historical literature was reviewed and at least 153 species of freshwater molluscs have been previously recorded from throughout Cambodia, including 33 from the Tonle Sap basin. Surveys of the Tonle Sap Lake and surrounding watershed were also conducted and found 31 species, 15 bivalves (five families) and 16 gastropods (eight families), in the Tonle Sap basin, including three new records for Cambodia (Scaphula minuta, Novaculina siamensis, Wattebledia siamensis), the presence of globally invasive Pomacea maculata and potential pest species like Limnoperna fortunei. This study represents the most comprehensive documentation of freshwater molluscs of the Tonle Sap basin, and voucher specimens deposited at the Inland Fisheries Research and Development Institute, Cambodia, represent the first known reference collection of freshwater molluscs in the country. In order to combat the combined anthropogenic pressures, including invasive species, climate change and dams along the Mekong River, a multi-pronged approach is urgently required to study the biodiversity, ecology, ecosystem functioning of freshwater molluscs and other aquatic fauna in the Tonle Sap basin.

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Checklist Tue, 11 Aug 2020 13:40:10 +0300
Revealing the stygobiotic and crenobiotic molluscan biodiversity hotspot in Caucasus: Part I. The phylogeny of stygobiotic Sadlerianinae Szarowska, 2006 (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Hydrobiidae) from Georgia with descriptions of five new genera and twenty-one new species https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/51983/ ZooKeys 955: 1-77

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.955.51983

Authors: Jozef Grego, Levan Mumladze, Andrzej Falniowski, Artur Osikowski, Aleksandra Rysiewska, Dimitry M. Palatov, Sebastian Hofman

Abstract: The position of the southwestern Caucasus as a stygobiotic Mollusca hotspot is confirmed. Molecular data of stygobiotic gastropods revealed the diversity of subfamily Sadlerianinae Szarowska, 2006, inhabiting the subterranean environment of Georgia. In addition to the well-known endemic genera Pontohoratia Vinarski, Palatov & Glöer, 2014 and Motsametia Vinarski, Palatov & Glöer, 2014, five more genera were identified in northwestern Georgia as new to the science: Kartvelobia gen. nov., Imeretiopsis gen. nov., Caucasopsis gen. nov., Caucasogeyeria gen. nov., and Hausdorfenia gen. nov. Additionally, 21 new species were found to inhabit the studied area (Samegrelo, Imereti, Racha regions in Georgia).

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Research Article Wed, 5 Aug 2020 02:51:55 +0300
Taxonomic note on Trichelix horrida (Pfeiffer, 1863) from Laos, with a type catalogue of Moellendorffia, Trichelix, and Moellendorffiella (Heterobranchia, Camaenidae) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/52695/ ZooKeys 952: 65-93

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.952.52695

Authors: Chirasak Sutcharit, Khamla Inkhavilay, Somsak Panha

Abstract: Land snail surveys conducted in northern Laos between 2013 and 2014 have led to the discovery of a living population of Trichelix horrida (Pfeiffer, 1863). This species has never been recorded from specimens other than the types, and its distribution and anatomy have remained essentially unknown. The genitalia and radula morphology are documented here for the first time and employed to re-assess the systematic position of this species: the unique morphological characters of T. horrida are a penis similar in length to the vagina, a small and triangular penial verge, gametolytic organs extending as far as the albumen gland, head wart present, and unicuspid triangular radula teeth. The type locality of this species was believed to be from “Lao Mountains, Camboja,” and is restricted herein to be Luang Phrabang Province, northern Laos. The assignment of species to either of three genera, Trichelix Ancey, 1887, Moellendorffia Ancey, 1887, and Moellendorffiella Pilsbry, 1905, based solely on information provided in their original descriptions is difficult. The type specimens of all nominal species presently placed in either of these three genera are examined and illustrated herein. Comparison with the primary type specimens will assist future revisions aiming to resolve the systematics of these taxa. In addition, we transfer Moellendorffia faberiana (Möllendorff, 1888) to the genus Moellendorffiella.

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Research Article Thu, 23 Jul 2020 11:14:56 +0300
Overlooked but not forgotten: the first new extant species of Hawaiian land snail described in 60 years, Auriculella gagneorum sp. nov. (Achatinellidae, Auriculellinae) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/50669/ ZooKeys 950: 1-31

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.950.50669

Authors: Norine W. Yeung, John Slapcinsky, Ellen E. Strong, Jaynee R. Kim, Kenneth A. Hayes

Abstract: Recent surveys of Oahu’s Waianae Mountains uncovered a small, previously undescribed species of Auriculella that is conchologically similar to the three members of the A. perpusilla group all of which are endemic to the Koolau Mountain Range. However, sequence data demonstrate that the perpusilla group is not monophyletic. Moreover, the new species is not closely related to A. perpusilla or A. perversa, the only extant members of the group, but instead is sister to A. tenella, a species from the high spired A. castanea group. A neotype is designated for A. auricula, the type species of Auriculella; all members of the conchologically similar perpusilla group are anatomically redescribed; and lectotypes designated for A. minuta, A. perversa, and A. tenella. The new species is described and compared to the type of the genus, members of the perpusilla group, and the genetically similar species A. tenella.

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Research Article Mon, 20 Jul 2020 12:22:30 +0300
Annotated checklist of the land snail fauna from southern Cambodia (Mollusca, Gastropoda) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/51671/ ZooKeys 948: 1-46

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.948.51671

Authors: Chirasak Sutcharit, Phanara Thach, Samol Chhuoy, Peng Bun Ngor, Ekgachai Jeratthitikul, Warut Siriwut, Ruttapon Srisonchai, Ting Hui Ng, Arthit Pholyotha, Parin Jirapatrasilp, Somsak Panha

Abstract: Prior to this study, few collections and records were made of the land snails in Cambodia and the historical taxa had never been reviewed. Herein a report on the land snail diversity based on specimens collected recently from karstic and non-karstic areas in southern Cambodia is provided. This checklist presents 36 species of land snails (two Neritimorpha, six Caenogastropoda, and 28 Heterobranchia). Illustrations and brief taxonomic notes/remarks are provided for every species. We also described Georrisa carinata Sutcharit & Jirapatrasilp, sp. nov. based on some distinct shell morphological characters. Since the first descriptions during the colonial period in the nineteenth century, some land snail species (e.g., Trichochloritis norodomiana, Durgella russeola, Anceyoconcha siamensis obesula comb. nov., Anceyoconcha chaudoensis comb. nov., and Succinea tenuis) have not been reported subsequently. This probably reflects a lack of knowledge concerning land snail biodiversity in this country. To our knowledge, this is the first comprehensive survey of land snails in southern Cambodia. A need for more field research and systematic revision of the land snails in this interesting region is also highlighted and demonstrated.

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Research Article Mon, 13 Jul 2020 03:07:53 +0300
Checklist of the fresh and brackish water snails (Mollusca, Gastropoda) of Bénin and adjacent West African ecoregions https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/52722/ ZooKeys 942: 21-64

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.942.52722

Authors: Zinsou Cosme Koudenoukpo, Olaniran Hamed Odountan, Bert Van Bocxlaer, Rose Sablon, Antoine Chikou, Thierry Backeljau

Abstract: Currently no comprehensive checklist of fresh and brackish water gastropods from Bénin exists, and those for adjacent West African areas are outdated. Yet, such checklists provide essential biodiversity information and a consistent taxonomic and nomenclatural framework for that biodiversity. Here a first checklist of the fresh and brackish water gastropods from Bénin and adjacent West African ecoregions is presented, based on an extensive literature review and field surveys between September 2014 and June 2019 in six major fresh and brackish water ecosystems in Bénin. This inventory includes information on synonymy, species distribution in West Africa, habitats, and conservation status. The fresh and brackish water gastropod fauna includes 60 species, belonging to 28 genera and 16 families. Pachychilidae, Ampullariidae, Neritidae, and Bulinidae were the most diverse families with 9, 8, 7, and 7 species, respectively. However, literature and field data indicated that 23 species observed in West African basins that extend to Bénin do not occur in the territory of Bénin. These species were not detected in our field surveys, most likely because they are rare at collecting sites. Of the 60 species included, five are classified as “Data Deficient”, 43 as “Least Concern”, two as “Nearly Threatened”, one as “Vulnerable”, and six as “Endangered” by the IUCN, whereas the remaining three species were not evaluated. Because the taxonomy of fresh and brackish water gastropods in West Africa is still largely based on morphology, comparative molecular and taxonomic studies may result in substantial revisions of this checklist over the coming years.

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Checklist Thu, 18 Jun 2020 17:24:34 +0300
Two new cyclophoroid species from Hubei, China, with proposal of a new genus (Gastropoda, Caenogastropoda, Diplommatinidae and Alycaeidae) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/51414/ ZooKeys 935: 37-46

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.935.51414

Authors: Zhe-Yu Chen, Min Wu

Abstract: Two new species, Sinoarinia feii Chen, gen. et sp. nov. and Pincerna vallis Chen & Wu, sp. nov., are described from western Hubei, China. The new genus Sinoarinia Chen & Wu, gen. nov. is established based on the strongly constricted penultimate whorl and the ascending last whorl. The Vietnamese species Pincerna costulosa (Bavay & Dautzenberg) is newly reported from Yunnan, China. For comparison, photographs of the shells of closely related species are provided. A key to the known species of Sinoarinia gen. nov. is included.

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Research Article Thu, 21 May 2020 12:16:10 +0300
The genera Erhaia and Tricula (Gastropoda, Rissooidea, Amnicolidae and Pomatiopsidae) in Bhutan and elsewhere in the eastern Himalaya https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/49987/ ZooKeys 929: 1-17

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.929.49987

Authors: Edmund Gittenberger, Pema Leda, Jigme Wangchuk, Choki Gyeltshen, Björn Stelbrink

Abstract: Shells of the Rissooidea species that are known from Bhutan are characterized. Tricula montana is reported from that country for the first time. Two Erhaia species from Bhutan are described as new to science, viz. E. jannei sp. nov., and E. pelkiae sp. nov., The holotypes of the Erhaia species that were described from Nepal are figured with photographs for the first time and compared with the congeneric taxa from Bhutan and India. Erhaia nainitalensis is considered a senior synonym of E. chandeshwariensis. An identification key is presented for the Erhaia species of the Himalayan foothills.

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Research Article Wed, 22 Apr 2020 22:28:48 +0300
The value of a single character: the Paleogene European land snail Ferussina Grateloup, 1827 is likely a cyclophorid (Gastropoda, Caenogastropoda) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/50135/ ZooKeys 918: 29-40

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.918.50135

Authors: Barna Páll-Gergely, Thomas A. Neubauer

Abstract: Ferussina Grateloup, 1827 is a European Paleogene land snail genus, which is currently classified in its own family, the Ferussinidae Wenz, 1923 (1915), in the superfamily Cyclophoroidea. The shell of this genus is remarkable by its last quarter whorl turning towards the apex instead of away from it, which is an unusual trait in terrestrial snails. We show, however, that this trait has evolved at least nine times in terrestrial Eupulmonata and Caenogastropoda, and it does not justify distinction at the family level in any of the reported cases. This observation suggests the systematic position of Ferussina should not be based on the apexward-turning last quarter whorl alone but instead on the general morphology of the shell. As a result, we re-evaluate the systematic position of the Ferussinidae and treat it as a subfamily of the Cyclophoridae.

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Research Article Thu, 12 Mar 2020 03:49:49 +0200
Fine-scale species delimitation: speciation in process and periodic patterns in nudibranch diversity https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/47444/ ZooKeys 917: 15-50

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.917.47444

Authors: Tatiana Korshunova, Klas Malmberg, Jakov Prkić, Alen Petani, Karin Fletcher, Kennet Lundin, Alexander Martynov

Abstract: Using the nudibranch genus Amphorina as a model, ongoing speciation is demonstrated, as well as how periodic-like patterns in colouration can be included in an integrated method of fine-scale species delimitation. By combining several methods, including BPP analysis and the study of molecular, morphological, and ecological data from a large number of specimens within a broad geographic range from northern Europe to the Mediterranean, five species are recognised within the genus Amphorina, reviewed here for the first time. Two new species from the southwestern coast of Sweden are described, A. viriola sp. nov. and A. andra sp. nov. Evidence is provided of a recent speciation process between the two closely related, yet separate, species which inhabit the same geographic localities but demonstrate strict water depth differentiation, with one species inhabiting the shallow brackish top layer above the halocline and the other species inhabiting the underlying saltier water. The results presented here are of relevance for currently debated issues such as conservation in relation to speciation, fine species delimitation, and integration of molecular, morphological and ecological information in biodiversity studies. The periodic approach to biological taxonomy has considerable practical potential for various organismal groups.

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Research Article Mon, 9 Mar 2020 02:11:20 +0200
Phestilla subodiosus sp. nov. (Nudibranchia, Trinchesiidae), a corallivorous pest species in the aquarium trade https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/35278/ ZooKeys 909: 1-24

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.909.35278

Authors: Adam Wang, Inga Elizabeth Conti-Jerpe, John Lawrence Richards, David Michael Baker

Abstract: Phestilla subodiosus sp. nov. (Nudibranchia: Trinchesiidae) is a novel species that feeds on corals in the genus Montipora (Scleractinia: Acroporidae) which are economically important in the aquarium industry. Nuclear-encoded H3, 28SC1-C2, and mitochondrial-encoded COI and 16S markers were sequenced. Phylogenetic analysis, Automatic Barcode Gap Discovery (ABGD), morphological data, and feeding specialization all support the designation of Phestilla subodiosus sp. nov. as a distinct species. Although new to science, Phestilla subodiosus sp. nov. had been extensively reported by aquarium hobbyists as a prolific pest over the past two decades. The species fell into a well-studied genus, which could facilitate research into its control in reef aquaria. Our phylogenetic analysis also revealed Tenellia chaetopterana formed a well-supported clade with Phestilla. Based upon a literature review, its original morphological description, and our phylogenetic hypothesis, we reclassified this species as Phestilla chaetopterana comb. nov.

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Research Article Wed, 5 Feb 2020 01:16:42 +0200
Host identification for the deep-sea snail genus Haliella with description of a new species (Caenogastropoda, Eulimidae) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/46613/ ZooKeys 908: 19-30

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.908.46613

Authors: Tsuyoshi Takano, Shoichi Kimura, Yasunori Kano

Abstract: A new parasitic species of eulimid gastropod, Haliella seisuimaruae sp. nov., is described from bathyal (728–978 m) waters off the Pacific coasts of Japan. It shows the closest resemblance to the type species H. stenostoma from the North Atlantic and Barents Sea in having a tall shell with an almost straight outer lip, but differs in having a junction of the parietal wall and columellar lip at 38% of the aperture height from the suture (33% in H. stenostoma), a slightly wider aperture and a more curved and extended columellar lip. The holotype of H. seisuimaruae sp. nov. was found attached to an irregular sea urchin, Brissopsis sp. cf. luzonica (Spatangoida: Brissidae). This represents the first direct observation of parasitic ecology and echinoderm host for the genus Haliella. A new replacement name, Eulima tsushimensis nom. nov., is proposed here for Eulima stenostoma A. Adams, 1861, which is preoccupied by Eulima stenostoma Jeffreys, 1858 (type of Haliella).

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Research Article Mon, 3 Feb 2020 15:50:14 +0200
Molecular evidences confirm the taxonomic separation of two sympatric congeneric species (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Neritidae, Neritina) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/46790/ ZooKeys 904: 117-130

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.904.46790

Authors: Cristiane Xerez Barroso, João Eduardo Pereira de Freitas, Helena Matthews-Cascon, Luis Ernesto Arruda Bezerra, Tito Monteiro da Cruz Lotufo

Abstract: A reliable taxonomy, together with more accurate knowledge of the geographical distribution of species, is a fundamental element for the study of biodiversity. Multiple studies on the gastropod family Neritidae record three species of the genus Neritina in the Brazilian Province: Neritina zebra (Bruguière, 1792), Neritina virginea (Linnaeus, 1758), and Neritina meleagris Lamarck, 1822. While N. zebra has a well-established taxonomic status and geographical distribution, the same cannot be said regarding its congeners. A widely cited reference for the group in Brazil considers N. meleagris a junior synonym of N. virginea. Using a molecular approach (phylogenetic, species delimitation, and statistical parsimony network analyses), based on two mitochondrial markers (COI and 16S), this study investigated if N. virginea and N. meleagris are distinct species. The molecular results confirmed the existence of two strongly supported distinct taxonomic entities in the Brazilian Province, which is consistent with the morphological descriptions previously proposed for N. virginea and N. meleagris. These species occur in sympatry in the intertidal sandstone formations of Northeastern Brazil. Despite the great variation in the colour patterns of the shells, the present study reinforced previous observations that allowed the differentiation of these two species based on these patterns. It also emphasized the importance of the separation of these two clades in future studies, especially those conducted in the Brazilian Province, since these species may cohabit.

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Short Communication Thu, 16 Jan 2020 01:49:31 +0200
Resolving species boundaries in the Atlanta brunnea species group (Gastropoda, Pterotracheoidea) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/38892/ ZooKeys 899: 59-84

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.899.38892

Authors: Deborah Wall-Palmer, Mona Hegmann, Erica Goetze, Katja T. C. A. Peijnenburg

Abstract: Atlantid heteropods are a family of holoplanktonic marine gastropods that occur primarily in tropical and subtropical latitudes. Atlantids bear a delicate aragonitic shell (<14 mm) and live in the upper ocean, where ocean acidification and ocean warming have a pronounced effect. Therefore, atlantids are likely to be sensitive to these ocean changes. However, we lack sufficiently detailed information on atlantid taxonomy and biogeography, which is needed to gain a deeper understanding of the consequences of a changing ocean. To date, atlantid taxonomy has mainly relied on morphometrics and shell ornamentation, but recent molecular work has highlighted hidden diversity. This study uses an integrated approach in a global analysis of biogeography, variation in shell morphology and molecular phylogenies based on three genes (CO1, 28S and 18S) to resolve the species boundaries within the Atlanta brunnea group. Results identify a new species, Atlanta vanderspoeli, from the Equatorial and South Pacific Ocean, and suggest that individuals of A. brunnea living in the Atlantic Ocean are an incipient species. Our results provide an important advance in atlantid taxonomy and will enable identification of these species in future studies of living and fossil plankton.

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Research Article Thu, 12 Dec 2019 15:14:27 +0200
A new species of stygobitic snail in the genus Antrorbis Hershler & Thompson, 1990 (Gastropoda, Cochliopidae) from the Appalachian Valley and Ridge of eastern Tennessee, USA https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/46917/ ZooKeys 898: 103-120

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.898.46917

Authors: Nicholas S. Gladstone, Kathryn E. Perez, Evelyn B. Pieper, Evin T. Carter, Katherine E. Dooley, Nathaniel F. Shoobs, Annette S. Engel, Matthew L. Niemiller

Abstract: A new species of cave snail (Littorinimorpha: Cochliopidae) in the genus Antrorbis is described from the dark zone of two caves in the Appalachian Valley and Ridge province in eastern Tennessee, United States. The Tennessee Cavesnail, Antrorbis tennesseensis Perez, Shoobs, Gladstone, & Niemiller, sp. nov. is distinguished from its only known congener, Antrorbis breweri, by the absence of raised tubercles on its finely spirally striate protoconch, and its unique radular formula. Moreover, A. tennesseensis is genetically distinct from A. breweri based on substantial divergence at the mitochondrial CO1 locus. This is the first cavesnail to be described from the Appalachian Valley and Ridge (AVR) physiographic province in the state of Tennessee, which previously represented a substantial gap in the distribution of stygobitic (i.e., aquatic, subterranean-obligate) gastropods.

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Research Article Tue, 10 Dec 2019 14:33:43 +0200
Muangnua arborea, a new semislug (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora, Helicarionidae, Durgellininae) from Loei Province, northeastern Thailand https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/38327/ ZooKeys 894: 19-32

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.894.38327

Authors: Chanidaporn Tumpeesuwan, Sakboworn Tumpeesuwan

Abstract: Muangnua arborea Tumpeesuwan & Tumpeesuwan, sp. nov., is described, based on specimens deposited in the land snail collection of Mahasarakham University, Thailand. This species is the second described in the genus Muangnua, for which colour pictures of the living semislug in natural habitats, scanning electron microscope photos of the radula, and anatomy of the mature specimens were studied and presented for the first time for this genus. Keys to genera of Southeast Asian slug-like semislugs and species of Muangnua are provided.

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Research Article Tue, 3 Dec 2019 16:37:51 +0200
Jawless land snail Sinorachis, a new bradybaenine genus from China (Eupulmonata, Camaenidae) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/38445/ ZooKeys 893: 51-67

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.893.38445

Authors: Min Wu, Zheyu Chen, Liwan Zhang

Abstract: A new land snail species that represents a new genus is reported from Hubei, China. The snail has a conical shell with pits and/or granules on embryonic whorls and a smooth teleoconch with straight peristome. The head of the animal has a developed wart. The mantle lobe is only developed on the left side. At the front of the buccal mass there is no chitinous jaw that is without exception seen in Chinese camaenids. Its radular teeth are usually slender and tongue-shaped, not typical in bradybaenine snails. The genital system is typical of Bradybaeninae and is characterized by the absence of a membranous sac surrounding the terminal genitalia, penial caecum or flagellum; a well-developed penis sheath; a symmetrical dart sac apparatus; and one distally branched mucous gland. The new species Sinorachis baihu Wu & Chen, gen. and sp. nov., is assigned to the type species of the new genus, in which all the known Chinese Rachis species are included. Thereby, the new genus is composed of three species, namely Sinorachis onychinus (Heude), comb. nov., Sinorachis aureus (Heude), comb. nov. and the new species.

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Research Article Mon, 2 Dec 2019 15:46:16 +0200
A new species and new records of Onchidium slugs (Gastropoda, Euthyneura, Pulmonata, Onchidiidae) in South-East Asia https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/39524/ ZooKeys 892: 27-58

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.892.39524

Authors: Benoît Dayrat, Tricia C. Goulding, Munawar Khalil, Deepak Apte, Shau Hwai Tan

Abstract: A new species, Onchidium melakense Dayrat & Goulding, sp. nov., is described, bringing the total to four known species in the genus Onchidium Buchannan, 1800. Onchidium melakense is a rare species with only nine individuals found at three mangrove sites in the Andaman Islands and the Strait of Malacca (western Peninsular Malaysia and eastern Sumatra). The new species is delineated based on mitochondrial (COI and 16S) and nuclear (ITS2 and 28S) DNA sequences as well as comparative anatomy. Each Onchidium species is characterized by a distinct color and can easily be identified in the field, even in the Strait of Malacca where there are three sympatric Onchidium species. An identification key is provided. In addition, Onchidium stuxbergi (Westerlund, 1883) is recorded for the first time from eastern Sumatra, and Onchidium pallidipes Tapparone-Canefri, 1889, of which the type material is described and illustrated here, is regarded as a new junior synonym of O. stuxbergi.

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Research Article Wed, 27 Nov 2019 14:55:47 +0200
Notes on the sinistral helicoid snail Bertia cambojiensis (Reeve, 1860) from Vietnam (Eupulmonata, Dyakiidae) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/38980/ ZooKeys 885: 1-14

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.885.38980

Authors: Chirasak Sutcharit, Fred Naggs, Jonathan Ablett, Pham Van Sang, Luong Van Hao, Somsak Panha

Abstract: Since the time of the original description there have been no precise locality records in Cambodia of Bertia cambojiensis (Reeve, 1860) and it was believed to be extinct. In 2012, a joint Natural History Museum survey with Vietnamese colleagues rediscovered living populations of this huge sinistral helicoid snail in a protected area of southern Vietnam. The genitalia and radula morphology are re-assessed and type specimens of all recognised congeners are figured herein. The unique morphological characters of this species are a small and simple penis, well-developed amatorial organ complex that incorporates four amatorial organ ducts, a short gametolytic organ complex and spiked papilla, and radula morphology with unicuspid teeth. The type locality of B. cambojiensis, which has been contentious, is determined here to be in the vicinity of ‘Brelum’, Vietnam, near the border with Cambodia. In addition, the nucleotide sequences of barcoding genes COI, 16SrRNA and 28S fragments were provided for further comparison.

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Research Article Mon, 4 Nov 2019 11:49:32 +0200
Clarification of the status of the type series and of the holotype of Cyclophorus (Glossostylus) koboensis Godwin-Austen, 1915 (Mollusca, Caenogastropoda, Cyclophoridae) in Nantarat et al. (2014) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/38423/ ZooKeys 882: 25-28

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.882.38423

Authors: Sheikh Sajan, Basudev Tripathy, Fred Naggs

Abstract: Here, the clarification of the “type” status for Cyclophorus (Glossostylus) koboensis Godwin-Austen, 1915 catalogued by Nantarat et al. (2014) is corrected and briefly discussed.

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Review Article Wed, 23 Oct 2019 09:52:53 +0300
Revisited – the species of Tweeting vineyard snails, genus Cantareus Risso, 1826 (Stylommatophora, Helicidae, Helicinae, Otalini) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/36472/ ZooKeys 876: 1-26

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.876.36472

Authors: Houria Bouaziz-Yahiatene, Thomas Inäbnit, Ferroudja Medjdoub-Bensaad, Maria Stella Colomba, Ignazio Sparacio, Armando Gregorini, Fabio Liberto, Eike Neubert

Abstract: The generic allocation of Helix subaperta is clarified by using genetic data and morphological traits of the genital organs; its position within the hitherto monotypic genus Cantareus is corroborated. Further analysis of several specimens of Cantareus apertus from Algeria and Italy revealed that this taxon is composed of two species, C. apertus from Italy, and C. koraegaelius from Algeria. The morphological traits of the genital organs of all three species are discussed, and the definition of the genus Cantareus is amended. All three species confined to Cantareus are re-described, and the syntype specimen of H. aperta is illustrated.

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Research Article Wed, 18 Sep 2019 14:44:25 +0300
A new genus of air-breathing marine slugs from South-East Asia (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Onchidiidae) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/36698/ ZooKeys 877: 31-80

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.877.36698

Authors: Benoît Dayrat, Tricia C. Goulding, Munawar Khalil, Joseph Comendador, Quảng Ngô Xuân, Siong Kiat Tan, Shau Hwai Tan

Abstract: As part of an ongoing effort to revise the taxonomy of air-breathing, marine, onchidiid slugs, a new genus, Laspionchis Dayrat & Goulding, gen. nov., is described from the mangroves of South-East Asia. It includes two new species, Laspionchis boucheti Dayrat & Goulding, sp. nov., and Laspionchis bourkei Dayrat & Goulding, sp. nov., both distributed from the Malacca Strait to the Philippines and Australia. This study is based on extensive field work in South-East Asia, comparative anatomy, and both mitochondrial (COI and 16S) and nuclear (ITS2 and 28S) DNA sequences. The two new species are found in the same habitat (mud surface in mangrove forests) and are externally cryptic but are distinct anatomically. Both species are also strongly supported by DNA sequences. Three cryptic, least-inclusive, reciprocally-monophyletic units within Laspionchis bourkei are regarded as subspecies: L. bourkei bourkei Dayrat & Goulding, ssp. nov., L. bourkei lateriensis Dayrat & Goulding, ssp. nov., and L. bourkei matangensis Dayrat & Goulding, ssp. nov. The present contribution shows again that species delineation is greatly enhanced by considering comparative anatomy and nuclear DNA sequences in addition to mitochondrial DNA sequences, and that thorough taxonomic revisions are the best and most efficient path to accurate biodiversity knowledge.

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Research Article Mon, 2 Sep 2019 13:57:44 +0300
Re-description of the type species of the genera Ganesella Blanford, 1863 and Globotrochus Haas, 1935; with description of a new Ganesella species from Thailand (Eupulmonata, Camaenidae) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/36970/ ZooKeys 870: 51-76

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.870.36970

Authors: Chirasak Sutcharit, Thierry Backeljau, Somsak Panha

Abstract: The taxonomy of the speciose genus Ganesella W.T. Blanford, 1863 and the endemic genus Globotrochus Haas, 1935 is unclear since the anatomical characters of the the type species of these two genera have never been reported before. Therefore, the present paper provides the first anatomical descriptions of the reproductive apparatus, pallial system and radula of Helix capitium Benson, 1848 and Helix onestera Mabille, 1887, the respective type species of Ganesella and Globotrochus. In addition, Ganesella rhombostoma (Pfeiffer, 1861) and Ganesella carinella (Möllendorff, 1902) from Thailand are re-described, and a new species, Ganesella halabalah Sutcharit & Panha, sp. nov., from southern Thailand is described. This new species differs from all others by having a larger shell, an obtuse apex and an aperture lip with a prominent beak-like deflection.

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Research Article Wed, 7 Aug 2019 12:06:37 +0300
The first proven oxychilid land snail endemic to China (Eupulmonata, Gastrodontoidea) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/32903/ ZooKeys 870: 33-50

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.870.32903

Authors: Min Wu, Zhengping Liu

Abstract: A new and the first proven oxychilid species endemic to China is reported from Sichuan Province. Sinoxychilus gen. nov. is established based on this new species and has diagnostic traits of the sculptured protoconch, partial epiphallus wrapped by developed penis sheath, penial retractor muscle inserting on the top of penial caecum, spinelets on penial pilasters, absence of epiphallic papilla and perivaginal gland present on vagina and proximal bursa copulatrix duct. In light of shell morphology and through geometric morphometric analyses, Zonites scrobiculatus scrobiculatus Gredler and Z. scrobiculatus hupeina Gredler are proposed to be included in the new genus. A phylogenetic inference based on ITS2 gene indicates that the new genus is systematically close to Oxychilus Fitzinger, which is known from the Western Palearctic and the Southwestern Arabian Peninsula, regions that are geographically far from the distribution range of the new genus.

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Research Article Tue, 6 Aug 2019 20:32:27 +0300
Recognising and defining a new crown clade within Stromboidea Rafinesque, 1815 (Mollusca, Gastropoda) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/34381/ ZooKeys 867: 1-7

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.867.34381

Authors: Stephen J. Maxwell, Aart M. Dekkers, Tasmin L. Rymer, Bradley C. Congdon

Abstract: This paper defines a new crown clade Neostromboidea to separate the Strombidae, Rostellariidae, and Seraphsidae from their sister families Struthiolariidae and Aporrhaidae. There is significant value to understanding evolutionary processes within Stromboidea to recognise the universal similarity in the position of the eye on the end of peduncles and a diminished cephalic tentacle that arises from the middle to the end on that peduncle. This is in contrast to other members of the Stromboidea where the eye is located at the base of the cephalic tentacle. These physiological differences represent two set of organisms with divergent and independent evolutionary life histories and therefore these differences need to be identifiable within the nomenclature to bring meaning to the way we name things.

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Short Communication Mon, 29 Jul 2019 13:14:17 +0300
New insights in Trichochloritis Pilsbry, 1891 and its relatives (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Camaenidae) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/36296/ ZooKeys 865: 137-154

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.865.36296

Authors: Barna Páll-Gergely, Eike Neubert

Abstract: The genus Bellatrachia Schileyko, 2018 was described based on a specimen identified as Helix (Chloritis) pseudomiara Bavay & Dautzenberg, 1909. We concluded that the examined specimen is not that species, but Helix condoriana Crosse & Fischer, 1863. Therefore, (1) the type species of Bellatrachia must be replaced with Helix condoriana; (2) the species Helix (Chloritis) pseudomiara must be re-allocated to the genus Trichochloritis; (3) the erroneous treatment of the genus Trichochloritis by Schileyko (2007) needs to be corrected through the description of a new genus, Dentichloritis gen. nov. based on Helix brevidens Sowerby I, 1841. In addition, Chloritis microtricha Möllendorff, 1898 is treated as a synonym of Helix condoriana, and further information on the genitalia of Chloritis (?) bifoveata (Benson, 1856) is presented.

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Research Article Mon, 22 Jul 2019 18:22:29 +0300
Two new camaenid land snails (Eupulmonata) from Central China https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/35430/ ZooKeys 861: 129-144

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.861.35430

Authors: Min Wu, Zheyu Chen, Xiaoran Zhu

Abstract: Two new camaenid land snails are reported from Central China. The new genus, represented by Sinochloritis lii Wu & Chen, gen. & sp. nov., the type of the genus from Sichuan, is close to Yakuchloritis Habe, Nipponochloritis Habe, Neochloritis Minato and Trichochloritis Pilsbry, but is well characterized by the smooth adult shell, highly developed epiphallic papilla, absence of penial caecum, and the presence of an epiphallus-binding muscle that binds the proximal epiphallus to the distal penis. A new species Bradybaena linjun Wu & Chen, sp. nov. is described from Hubei Province and is characterized by having two shell bands, a spoon-shaped love dart and the proportionally shortest mucous glands among Chinese congeners.

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Research Article Mon, 8 Jul 2019 13:16:28 +0300
Annotated nomenclator of extant and fossil taxa of the Paludomidae (Caenogastropoda, Cerithioidea) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/34238/ ZooKeys 850: 1-132

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.850.34238

Authors: Marco T. Neiber, Matthias Glaubrecht

Abstract: This nomenclator provides bibliographic details on all names in the family-, genus-, and species-group of the the family Paludomidae. All nomenclaturally available names are discussed including junior homonyms and objective junior synonyms as well as unavailable names such as nomina nuda, infrasubspecific names and, to some extent, also incorrect subsequent spellings. In the family-group a total of 28 names are included in the nomenclator, of which 21 are available and seven unavailable names. Of the available names in the family-group, six are invalid for nomenclatural reasons. In the genus-group a total of 57 names are included in the catalogue. Of the available names in the genus-group, 11 are invalid for nomenclatural reasons. In the species-group a total of 499 names are included, of which 463 are available, but 21 are invalid for nomenclatural reasons. All names are given in their original combination and spelling (mandatory changes are discussed and corrected spellings are provided), along with the reference to the original publication. For each family- and genus-group name, the original classification and the type genus or type species, respectively, are given. For species-group taxa the type locality and type horizon (for fossil taxa) are provided, usually as given in the original publication. A new name, Cleopatra adami nom. nov., is proposed for the fossil Cleopatra cylindrica (Adam, 1957), which is a homonym of Cleopatra cridlandi cylindrica Mandahl-Barth, 1954, and a lectotype for Cleopatra dubia Adam, 1959 is designated. A new replacement name Leloupiella nom. nov. is proposed for Stormsia Leloup, 1953 which is a homonym of Stormsia Bourguignat, 1891.

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Catalogue Tue, 28 May 2019 17:34:29 +0300