Latest Articles from ZooKeys Latest 100 Articles from ZooKeys https://zookeys.pensoft.net/ Thu, 28 Mar 2024 14:36:50 +0200 Pensoft FeedCreator https://zookeys.pensoft.net/i/logo.jpg Latest Articles from ZooKeys https://zookeys.pensoft.net/ The millipede family Polydesmidae Leach, 1816 (Diplopoda, Polydesmida) from Vietnam, with a description of a new cavernicolous species https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/114958/ ZooKeys 1190: 259-280

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1190.114958

Authors: Anh D. Nguyen, Tam T. T. Vu, Katsuyuki Eguchi

Abstract: The millipede family Polydesmidae Leach, 1816 is reviewed in the scope of the Vietnamese fauna. The distribution of the species, Polydesmus vietnamicus Nguyen, 2009 is extended northward to Ha Giang Province. A new cavernicolous polydesmid, Pacidesmus tuachua sp. nov., is described from two caves in northwestern Vietnam, representing the first record of the genus from Vietnam. Extensive illustrations and DNA barcodes are provided for both species, a revised key is presented to all 12 species of Pacidesmus Golovatch, 1991, as well as a key to all eight genera of Asian Polydesmidae.

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Research Article Tue, 30 Jan 2024 13:07:47 +0200
A new species of Lophostreptus Cook, 1895 discovered among syntypes of L. regularis Attems, 1909 (Diplopoda, Spirostreptida, Spirostreptidae) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/115802/ ZooKeys 1188: 265-274

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1188.115802

Authors: Henrik Enghoff, Nesrine Akkari

Abstract: A new species of the genus Lophostreptus Cook, 1895 is described, based on specimens hidden for over a century among the syntypes of its congener Lophostreptus regularis Attems, 1909 housed in the Naturhistoriska Riksmuseet Stockholm (NRMS) and the Naturhistorisches Museum Wien (NHMW). A lectotype is designated for Lophostreptus regularis Attems, 1909 in order to stabilize its taxonomy. Updates to the millipede fauna of Mt. Kilimanjaro, Tanzania are provided.

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Research Article Wed, 10 Jan 2024 14:24:31 +0200
A revision of the millipede family Paracortinidae (Diplopoda, Callipodida) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/113473/ ZooKeys 1187: 341-399

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1187.113473

Authors: Nesrine Akkari, Oliver Macek, Pavel Stoev

Abstract: The taxonomy of the family Paracortinidae Wang & Zhang, 1993 is revised based on literature, old and recently collected material. A new genus Crassipetalum Akkari & Stoev, gen. nov. is described, to accommodate a new species Crassipetalum magnum Akkari & Stoev, gen. nov. et sp. nov. and a recently described species Crassipetalum inflatum (Chen, Zheng & Jian, 2023), comb. nov. The genus Scotopetalum Shear, 2000 hitherto described for the Vietnamese species S. warreni Shear, 2000 and subsequently synonymised with the genus Paracortina Wang & Zhang, 1993 is here resurrected and supplemented with another species, S. chinensis (Stoev & Geoffroy, 2004), comb. nov., ex Paracortina chinensis Stoev & Geoffroy, 2004. The status of the fourth genus in the family, Angulifemur Zhang, 1997, is reconfirmed. Based on recently collected specimens from China, two new species of the genus Paracortina are described: P. asciformis Akkari & Stoev, sp. nov. (Sichuan Prov., Lixian County) and P. kabaki Akkari & Stoev, sp. nov. (Yunnan, Shangrila County). The Vietnamese species Paracortina multisegmentata Stoev & Geoffroy, 2004 and Paracortina kyrang Nguyen, Stoev, Nguyen & Vu, 2023 are considered of uncertain taxonomic position within Paracortinidae. Differential diagnoses for the proposed genera as well as for all the species are presented, and descriptions or descriptive notes for all the species are provided, using a standardised terminology, and when possible, accompanied by micrographs of the habitus and gonopod structures. An identification key based on gonopod structures is proposed for all the members of the family. A discussion on species affinities, secondary sexual characters, troglomorphic characters, geographical distribution, and habitat preferences are also provided together with a distribution map for all members of the family.

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Research Article Thu, 28 Dec 2023 09:36:59 +0200
The genus Inversotyphlus Strasser, 1962, stat. nov. and Inversotyphlus ammirandus sp. nov., a new bizarre, highly modified troglobiotic millipede (Diplopoda, Julida, Julidae) from Albania, Balkan Peninsula https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/113498/ ZooKeys 1184: 65-80

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1184.113498

Authors: Dragan Antić, Nesrine Akkari

Abstract: Inversotyphlus Strasser, 1962, stat. nov. is raised to the genus level and a new hydrophilous species, Inversotyphlus ammirandus sp. nov., is described from the second deepest pit in Albania. This species is characterized by a highly modified head and body for a presumably semiaquatic or hygropetric life and filtering diet. It is by far the most bizarrely modified cave-dwelling julid known. The new species is diagnosed, described in detail, and richly illustrated. Besides I. ammirandus sp. nov., the genus Inversotyphlus stat. nov. includes six species: I. clavatus (Antić, 2018), comb. nov., I. edentulus (Attems, 1951), comb. nov., I. gellianae (Makarov & Rađa, 2006), comb. nov., I. gracilis (Antić, 2018), comb. nov., I. lobifer (Attems, 1951), comb. nov., and I. opisthonodus (Antić, 2018) comb. nov. The subgenus Attemsotyphlus syn. nov. is here considered as a junior subjective synonym of the genus Inversotyphlus stat. nov. Notes are given on the habitat of I. ammirandus sp. nov., the taxonomy of the tribe Typhloiulini and the genus Inversotyphlus stat. nov., and adaptive modifications of the mouthparts.

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Research Article Tue, 14 Nov 2023 16:10:11 +0200
A new jewel-like species of the pill-millipede genus Sphaerobelum Verhoeff, 1924 (Diplopoda, Sphaerotheriida, Zephroniidae) from Thailand https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/109076/ ZooKeys 1181: 41-57

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1181.109076

Authors: Ruttapon Srisonchai, Natdanai Likhitrakarn, Chirasak Sutcharit, Thierry Backeljau, Piyatida Pimvichai

Abstract: A new species of the giant pill millipede genus Sphaerobelum is described: Sphaerobelum turcosa sp. nov. from the northeastern part of Thailand. Species delimitation is based on morphological characters and COI sequence data. The new species can be clearly discriminated from congeners by its greenish-blue body color, the face mask-like appearance of the thoracic and anal shields jointly when rolled up, and the combination of the following four characters: (1) the coxa of the second leg laterally with a sharp and long process, (2) the tarsi of legs 4–21 with 6–7 ventral spines, (3) the anterior telopods consisting of four conspicuous telopoditomeres, and (4) the immovable, slender (not strongly humped) and distally curved finger of the posterior telopods without a membranous spot. The interspecific COI sequence divergence between the new species and other Sphaerobelum species ranges from 17% to 23% (mean 20%). The intergeneric COI sequence divergence between the new species and Zephronia species ranges from 18% to 21% (mean 20%). The relationships among Sphaerobelum and Zephronia species based on the COI sequence data were not resolved in this study. Sphaerobelum turcosa sp. nov. is restricted to limestone habitat in Loei province and is probably endemic for the Thai fauna.

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Research Article Fri, 29 Sep 2023 16:17:00 +0300
A new species of Otostigmus (Chilopoda, Scolopendromorpha, Scolopendridae) from China, with remarks on the phylogenetic relationships of Otostigmus politus Karsch, 1881 https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/82750/ ZooKeys 1168: 161-178

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1168.82750

Authors: Tian-Yun Chen, Chao Jiang, Lu-Qi Huang

Abstract: Through a combination of morphological and DNA data, a new scolopendrid centipede from southern and southwestern China was revealed: O. tricarinatus sp. nov. The species belong to the politus group but has three sharp tergal keels. Validation of phylogenetic status was performed through molecular analysis of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI), 16S rRNA, and 28S rRNA sequences from 16 Otostigmus species. Otostigmus tricarinatus sp. nov. was found to be two populations and varied in the number of spines on the ultimate prefemur, the sutures on a sternite, and a pore-free median longitudinal strip in the pore field. The Yunnan-Guizhou plateau population of O. tricarinatus sp. nov. was sister to the clade O. politus politus + O. politus yunnanensis + Guangxi population of O. tricarinatus sp. nov. with strong support from both BI (bayesian inference) and ML (maximum likelihood) analyses (PP = 1, BS = 97%).

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Research Article Thu, 29 Jun 2023 18:19:22 +0300
A new species of Illacme from southern California (Siphonophorida, Siphonorhinidae) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/102537/ ZooKeys 1167: 265-291

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1167.102537

Authors: Paul E. Marek, Charity L. Hall, Cedric Lee, James Bailey, Matt C. Berger, Matt T. Kasson, William Shear

Abstract: The millipede fauna inhabiting deep soil are poorly known. They are small and threadlike, slow moving, lacking pigmentation, and rarely encountered due to their obscure underground way of life. One family, the Siphonorhinidae, encompasses four genera and 12 species in a fragmentary distribution in California, southern Africa, Madagascar, the Malay Archipelago, and Indo-Burma. The family is represented in the Western Hemisphere by a single genus, Illacme Cook & Loomis, 1928 from California, with its closest known relative, Nematozonium filum Verhoeff, 1939, from southern Africa. A new species of this family is documented from soil microhabitats in the Los Angeles metropolitan area, Illacme socal Marek & Shear, sp. nov. Based on this discovery and the recent documentation of other endogean millipede species, we show that these grossly understudied subterranean fauna represent the next frontier of discovery. However, they are threatened by encroaching human settlement and habitat loss, and conservation of this species and other subterranean fauna is of high importance.

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Research Article Wed, 21 Jun 2023 17:59:00 +0300
A second species of the pill millipede genus Nearctomeris Wesener, 2012 (Diplopoda, Glomerida) from the Great Smoky Mountains, USA https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/103516/ ZooKeys 1166: 333-349

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1166.103516

Authors: Ernesto Recuero, Michael S. Caterino

Abstract: We describe a second species of Nearctomeris Wesener, 2012, a genus of pill millipede endemic to the southern Appalachians, based on morphological and molecular evidence. The fauna of Glomerida in America is characterized by its low diversity, and Nearctomeris smoky sp. nov. is only the fifth species of the order known from the eastern United States. Our phylogenetic analyses based on COI sequences recover a tentatively monophyletic lineage including both eastern American genera Onomeris Cook, 1896 and Nearctomeris, with a common ancestor in the Late Cretaceous to Mid Eocene and extant diversity within genera dating back to the Miocene. Our results suggest that the observed low diversity of the group in the eastern US is likely caused by extinction events, but it is also possible that new species are yet to be found. We provide new records for Nearctomeris inexpectata Wesener, 2012, Onomeris underwoodi Cook, 1896 and O. australora Hoffman, 1950; the latter is here reported for the first time from South Carolina. We also present DNA barcoding data for all species of Glomerida present in the US that are not yet publicly available.

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Research Article Tue, 13 Jun 2023 16:58:32 +0300
Two new species of the genus Samarangopus and the first record of Eurypauropus japonicus (Arthropoda, Myriapoda, Pauropoda, Eurypauropodidae) from China https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/102936/ ZooKeys 1165: 137-154

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1165.102936

Authors: Yan Gao, Yun Bu

Abstract: Two new species, Samarangopus testudineus sp. nov. from Hunan, South China and S. rotundifolius sp. nov. from Zhejiang, East China, are described and illustrated. Samarangopus testudineus sp. nov. is characterized by unusual testudinal patterns on the dorsal side of the body and well-differentiated marginal protuberances on tergites. Samarangopus rotundifolius sp. nov. features large, round, leaf-shaped marginal protuberances and small, candle-like dorsal protuberances on tergites. Both of these species are compared to similar species in detail. In addition, Eurypauropus japonicus Hagino & Scheller, 1985 is newly recorded from China.

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Research Article Thu, 1 Jun 2023 10:27:07 +0300
Review of the pill millipede genus Hyperglomeris Silvestri, 1917 (Diplopoda, Glomerida, Glomeridae) with description of two new species from Laos https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/103950/ ZooKeys 1163: 177-198

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1163.103950

Authors: Natdanai Likhitrakarn, Ruttapon Srisonchai, Warut Siriwut, Parin Jirapatrasilp, Ekgachai Jeratthitikul, Somsak Panha, Chirasak Sutcharit

Abstract: The pill millipede genus Hyperglomeris Silvestri, 1917 is reported from Laos for the first time. Two new species, namely H. bicaudata Likhitrakarn, sp. nov. and H. inkhavilayi Likhitrakarn, sp. nov., from Houaphanh and Khammouane provinces, northern Laos, are described and illustrated based on morphological characters and molecular analyses. Sequences of COI gene were used as DNA barcoding markers, and successfully supported the accurate identification of other Glomeridae species. Interspecific divergence of the COI uncorrected p-distance between these new species and other Hyperglomeris species ranged from 7.84–13.07%, while the intraspecific divergence was 0.45% in H. inkhavilayi sp. nov. and 5.3% in H. bicaudata sp. nov. The updated status of Hyperglomeris, a map of its distribution, and identification keys for all species are given.

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Review Article Fri, 26 May 2023 17:34:15 +0300
Description of the first species of Scutigerella (Symphyla, Scutigerellidae) from China, with mitogenomic and genetic divergence analysis https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/99686/ ZooKeys 1157: 145-161

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1157.99686

Authors: Ya-Li Jin, Nerivania Nunes Godeiro, Yun Bu

Abstract: Scutigerella sinensis Jin & Bu, sp. nov. from China is described and illustrated. It is characterized by a deeply emarginated posterior margin of tergite 2, less differentiated marginal setae on all tergites, absence of seta a3 around the antennal base, and 6–8 setae on the first tergite. The complete mitochondrial genome of the new species is also analyzed and compared with the mitogenome of Scutigerella causeyae. In the reconstructed Neighbor-Joining tree based on COI gene sequences, S. sinensis sp. nov. clusters with S. causeyae, however, with big distances. The genetic divergence among S. sinensis sp. nov. and congeners, species of Hanseniella and Scutigerella, and both families of Symphyla was analyzed using COI gene sequences.

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Research Article Wed, 5 Apr 2023 18:01:00 +0300
A new species of Paracortina from a Vietnamese cave, with remarkable secondary sexual characters in males (Callipodida, Paracortinidae) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/99651/ ZooKeys 1149: 181-195

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1149.99651

Authors: Anh D. Nguyen, Pavel Stoev, Lien T. P. Nguyen, Tam T. Vu

Abstract: A new millipede species, Paracortina kyrang sp. nov., is described from a cave in Cao Bang Province, northern Vietnam. The new species is diagnosed by having an extraordinarily long projection on the head of males, reduced eyes, a gonocoxite with two processes, a long and slender gonotelopodite with two long, clavate prefemoroidal processes densely covered with long macrosetae apically, and with a distal, reverse, short spine on mesal side, and a rather sinuous distal part of the telopodite. This is the third species of the genus that is known from Vietnam. A brief comparison of some secondary sexual characters is made.

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Research Article Thu, 23 Feb 2023 08:04:59 +0200
First record of the genus Touranella Attems, 1937 (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Paradoxosomatidae) from Laos, with a description of a new species https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/98704/ ZooKeys 1145: 169-180

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1145.98704

Authors: Anh D. Nguyen, Petra Sierwald, Stephanie Ware

Abstract: The paradoxosomatid genus Touranella Attems, 1937 is recorded from Laos for the first time, with a new species, Touranella champasak sp. nov., described here. The taxonomy of the genus is discussed, an identification key is provided, and the current distribution of all species is mapped.

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Research Article Fri, 3 Feb 2023 17:38:04 +0200
Two new species of the genus Symphylella (Symphyla, Scolopendrellidae) from China and the significance of the frons chaetotaxy https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/96424/ ZooKeys 1138: 143-160

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1138.96424

Authors: Ya-Li Jin, Yun Bu

Abstract: Symphylella macrochaeta sp. nov. and Symphylella longispina sp. nov. from China are described and illustrated. Symphylella macrochaeta sp. nov. is characterized by 10 extremely long macrosetae arranged as 4/4/2 on the frons, tergites with broad triangular processes, and 4+4 setae on the first tergite. Symphylella longispina sp. nov. is characterized by a thick and prominent labrum, distinctly long proximal spines on the mandible, eight macrosetae arranged as 4/2/2 on frons, 3+3 setae on first tergite, and narrow triangular processes on the tergites. Detailed comparisons of the new species with similar species are presented. In addition, the frons chaetotaxy of Symphylella is illustrated and discussed for the first time and proposed as a significant diagnostic character for the taxonomic study of the genus.

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Research Article Thu, 5 Jan 2023 17:11:21 +0200
Two new millipede species of the genus Coxobolellus Pimvichai, Enghoff, Panha & Backeljau, 2020 (Diplopoda, Spirobolida, Pseudospirobolellidae) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/94242/ ZooKeys 1128: 171-190

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1128.94242

Authors: Piyatida Pimvichai, Henrik Enghoff, Thierry Backeljau

Abstract: Two new millipede species of the genus Coxobolellus Pimvichai, Enghoff, Panha & Backeljau, 2020 from Thailand are described: Coxobolellus saratani sp. nov. from Loei Province and Coxobolellus serratoligulatus sp. nov. from Uttaradit Province. The descriptions are based on gonopod morphology and two mitochondrial gene fragments (COI and 16S rRNA). The phylogenetic mtDNA analysis assigned the two new species unequivocally to the consistently well-supported Coxobolellus clade, in which they form a fifth subclade that was well supported by maximum likelihood analysis of 16S rRNA, though neither by Bayesian inference nor by COI. The two new Coxobolellus species share four conspicuous gonopodal synapomorphies of the genus: (1) the protruding process on the coxae of the 3rd (and sometimes 4th) pair of male legs, (2) a large, triangular coxae on the 4th–5th pair of legs, (3) a short process of the preanal ring protruding as far as, or slightly beyond, the anal valves, and (4) the posterior gonopod telopodite divided into two parts, with a conspicuous pore opening at the mesal margin at the end of the coxal part of the posterior gonopod. Thus, the two new species provide further evidence of the well-defined monophyly of the genus Coxobolellus. Finally, the paper provides an updated morphological identification key to all currently described Coxobolellus species.

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Research Article Wed, 9 Nov 2022 09:48:45 +0200
Review of the millipede genus Malayorthomorpha Mršić, 1996 (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Paradoxosomatidae), with descriptions of two new species from Thailand and a key to its species https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/89593/ ZooKeys 1118: 1-19

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1118.89593

Authors: Natdanai Likhitrakarn, Sergei I. Golovatch, Wisut Sittichaya

Abstract: The millipede genus Malayorthomorpha Mršić, 1996, so far monospecific and previously known only from Park Belum, Perak State, northern Malaysia, is recorded from a mountain in Betong District, Yala Province, southern Thailand for the first time, being represented there by two new species: M. halabala sp. nov. and M. hulutbeeda sp. nov. Both new species are found to occur syntopically and can be assumed as narrowly endemic to the Titiwangsa Mountain Range which begins in southern Thailand, crosses the Malaysian border, and extends into east and west coast regions of the Malay Peninsula. In addition, the generic diagnosis is slightly updated, and a key to all three species is provided.

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Research Article Tue, 16 Aug 2022 09:36:02 +0300
A new species of the hitherto monospecific genus Pleonoporus Attems, 1938 (Diplopoda, Spirostreptida, Odontopygidae) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/87765/ ZooKeys 1117: 189-202

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1117.87765

Authors: Henrik Enghoff, Nesrine Akkari

Abstract: The hitherto monospecific genus Pleonoporus is revised based on the syntypes of P. robustus Attems, 1938, housed in Naturhistorisches Museum Wien (NHMW), as well as on specimens of what we interpret as a new species of the genus, Pleonoporus tanzanicus sp. nov., collected in Tanzania and housed in the Museum of Nature – Zoology, Leibnitz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change (ZMH) for more than a century. Both species are described based on habitus and gonopod structures and illustrated with micrographs, whereas scanning electron microscope images are also provided for the new species. This paper further highlights the importance of natural history collections for taxonomic research and studies on species diversity in general.

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Research Article Mon, 15 Aug 2022 18:16:00 +0300
Two new species of the dwarf centipede genus Nannarrup Foddai, Bonato, Pereira & Minelli, 2003 (Chilopoda, Geophilomorpha, Mecistocephalidae) from Japan https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/83946/ ZooKeys 1115: 117-150

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1115.83946

Authors: Sho Tsukamoto, Satoshi Shimano, Katsuyuki Eguchi

Abstract: The genus Nannarrup Foddai, Bonato, Pereira & Minelli, 2003 is a monotypic genus established on the basis of the possibly introduced species N. hoffmani Foddai, Bonato, Pereira & Minelli, 2003, from New York, USA. In the present study, in a field survey conducted throughout Japan, Nannarrup-like specimens were collected from Honshu, Shikoku, and Kyushu. These specimens clearly showed the diagnostic characteristics of the genus but were morphologically distinct from N. hoffmani. Furthermore, morphological analysis and DNA barcoding revealed that these specimens could be assigned to two distinct undescribed species. On the basis of these results, N. innuptus Tsukamoto, sp. nov. and N. oyamensis Tsukamoto, sp. nov. are described. The three Nannarrup species can be distinguished from each other on the basis of the following combination of characteristics: presence or absence of a pair of smooth or weakly areolate areas along the posterior part of the paraclypeal sutures; the width-to-length ratio of the denticle on the trochanteroprefemur; the pigmentation of the denticle on the tarsungulum. Moreover, the field survey resulted in the collection of exclusively female specimens of N. innuptus Tsukamoto, sp. nov., which shows the possibility of parthenogenesis of this species.

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Research Article Mon, 1 Aug 2022 10:07:56 +0300
Two new cave Hyleoglomeris species (Glomerida, Glomeridae) from northern Vietnam https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/85423/ ZooKeys 1108: 161-174

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1108.85423

Authors: Mai Kuroda, Katsuyuki Eguchi, Emiko Oguri, Anh D. Nguyen

Abstract: Two new glomerid species from caves in Cao Bang Province, Northern Vietnam, namely, Hyleoglomeris halang Kuroda, Nguyen & Eguchi, sp. nov. and Hyleoglomeris alba Nguyen, Kuroda & Eguchi, sp. nov., are described. The former is characterized by a distinct body color pattern; telopods with a large, quadrate, medially concave, sparsely setose, central syncoxital lobe; and syncoxital horns approximately 1.5–2.0 times as long as the lobe. The latter is distinguished by its completely troglobiotic form without eyes, an unpigmented body, and a roundly triangular syncoxital lobe of telopods. An identification key is also provided for the cave glomerids of Vietnam.

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Research Article Fri, 24 Jun 2022 08:56:44 +0300
Revision of the javanicus species group of the millipede genus Glyphiulus Gervais, 1847, with descriptions of five new species from China (Diplopoda, Spirostreptida, Cambalopsidae) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/85156/ ZooKeys 1108: 89-118

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1108.85156

Authors: Yi Zhao, Wan-Ru Guo, Sergei I. Golovatch, Wei-Xin Liu

Abstract: The javanicus-group of Glyphiulus is re-assessed and its Chinese component species are presently divided between the following two newly-circumscribed species groups, i.e. the formosus- and the sinensis-group. The two can be differentiated, based on the diagnostic characters of the first pair of legs in the male. In addition, metatergal crests being complete and the carinotaxy formula on the collum being I–III+P+M are only characteristic of the formosus-group. A molecular phylogeny of the genus, based on DNA sequencing of four gene fragments of four genes, allows for Glyphiulus to be recovered as a monophyletic group, the phylogenetic relationship being ((Clade A, Clade B), Clade C). Molecular evidence is fully congruent with the morphological one. In addition, based on barcoding data, interspecific p-distances between Glyphiulus species amount to 11.2–24.9%, vs. 0–8.2% for intraspecific p-distances. Five new species of Glyphiulus, all cavernicolous, are described from China: G. sinuatoprocessus Zhao & Liu, sp. nov., G. conuliformis Zhao & Liu, sp. nov. (both from Guangdong Province), G. xiniudong Zhao & Liu, sp. nov., G. scutatus Zhao & Liu, sp. nov. and G. portaliformis Zhao & Liu, sp. nov. (all three from Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region). The known Chinese species of the formosus-group appear to mainly be confined to the South China region.

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Research Article Thu, 23 Jun 2022 17:41:28 +0300
Phylogenetic review of the millipede genus Cherokia Chamberlin, 1949 (Polydesmida, Xystodesmidae) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/81386/ ZooKeys 1106: 141-163

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1106.81386

Authors: Luisa Fernanda Vasquez-Valverde, Paul E. Marek

Abstract: The millipede genus Cherokia Chamberlin, 1949 is a monospecific taxon, with the type species Cherokia georgiana (Bollman, 1889). The last revision of the genus was made by Hoffman (1960) where he established three subspecies. Here we used molecular phylogenetics to assess the genus and evaluate whether it is a monophyletic group, and if the subspecies are each monophyletic. We included material from literature records and three natural history collections. Newly collected samples were obtained through a citizen science project. Morphological characters underlying subspecies groups—the shape of the paranota, body size, and coloration—were evaluated. A molecular phylogeny of the genus was estimated based on DNA sequences for seven gene loci, and a species delimitation analysis was used to evaluate the status of the subspecies. The documented geographical range of Cherokia in the United States was expanded to include a newly reported state record (Virginia) and about 160 new localities compared to the previously known range. Morphological characters, which included the shape of the paranota and body size that had been historically used to establish subspecies, showed clinal variation with a direct relationship with geographical distribution and elevation, but not with phylogeny. Coloration was highly variable and did not accord with geography or phylogeny. The phylogeny recovered Cherokia as a monophyletic lineage, and the species delimitation test supported the existence of a single species. The subspecies Cherokia georgiana ducilla (Chamberlin, 1939) and Cherokia georgiana latassa Hoffman, 1960 have been synonymized with Cherokia georgiana. The molecular and morphological evidence showed that Cherokia is a monospecific genus with the sole species, Cherokia georgiana, being geographically widespread and highly variable in its morphology.

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Research Article Mon, 20 Jun 2022 10:07:53 +0300
A new millipede genus and species of the tribe Pachyiulini from the Caucasus (Diplopoda, Julida, Julidae) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/81792/ ZooKeys 1097: 47-63

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1097.81792

Authors: Aleksandr P. Evsyukov, Boyan Vagalinski, Igor Y. Zabiyaka, Evgeniy V. Sadyrin

Abstract: A new genus and species of the millipede tribe Pachyiulini, Bellatoiulus golovatchi gen. et sp. nov., is described from the Lesser Caucasus, Azerbaijan. Cybertypes of the new species are created from the physical holotype male and from a paratype female. The distribution and ecological features of the new species, and the position of the new genus within Pachyiulini are discussed.

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Research Article Tue, 19 Apr 2022 12:45:28 +0300
A review of the cavernicolous Trichopolydesmidae (Diplopoda, Polydesmida) from the Carpathian-Balkan arch and the Rhodope Mountains, with descriptions of two new genera and three new species https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/83916/ ZooKeys 1097: 1-46

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1097.83916

Authors: Dragan Antić, Boyan Vagalinski, Pavel Stoev, Nesrine Akkari

Abstract: All cavernicolous species of the millipede family Trichopolydesmidae from the Carpathian-Balkan arch and the Rhodope Mountains have been reviewed. At present the family has been shown to comprise five or six genera with eight or nine species. Two new genera have been described, viz., Balkanodesminus gen. nov., with two new species: B. dentatoides sp. nov. and B. serbicus sp. nov., from Bulgaria and Serbia, respectively, and the monospecific Rhodopodesmus gen. nov., with R. niveus sp. nov., from Bulgaria. Two new combinations and one new status have been proposed: Balkanodesminus bulgaricus (Strasser, 1962) comb. nov. ex Bacillidesmus bulgaricus Strasser, 1962 and Balkanodesminus dentatus (Strasser, 1966a) comb. nov., stat. nov. ex Bacillidesmus bulgaricus dentatus Strasser, 1966a. All genera and species are diagnosed with the inclusion of the most relevant remarks for each of them. Old museum types are checked for Bacillidesmus filiformis (Latzel, 1884) with lectotype designation, as well as for Trichopolydesmus eremitis Verhoeff, 1898. An identification key to all six genera and a distribution map for the eight species are provided, as well as brief remarks and general considerations on the family Trichopolydesmidae.

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Research Article Tue, 19 Apr 2022 09:19:34 +0300
A revision of the wilsoni species group in the millipede genus Nannaria Chamberlin, 1918 (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Xystodesmidae) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/73485/ ZooKeys 1096: 17-118

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1096.73485

Authors: Derek A. Hennen, Jackson C. Means, Paul E. Marek

Abstract: Although many new species of the millipede genus Nannaria Chamberlin, 1918 have been known from museum collections for over half a century, a systematic revision has not been undertaken until recently. There are two species groups in the genus: the minor species group and the wilsoni species group. In this study, the wilsoni species group was investigated. Specimens were collected from throughout its distribution in the Appalachian Mountains of the eastern United States and used for a multi-gene molecular phylogeny. The phylogenetic tree recovered Nannaria and the two species groups as monophyletic, with Oenomaea pulchella as its sister group. Seventeen new species were described, bringing the composition of the wilsoni species group to 24 species, more than tripling its known diversity, and increasing the total number of described Nannaria species to 78. The genus now has the greatest number of species in the family Xystodesmidae. Museum holdings of Nannaria were catalogued, and a total of 1,835 records used to produce a distribution map of the species group. Live photographs, illustrations of diagnostic characters, ecological notes, and conservation statuses are given. The wilsoni species group is restricted to the Appalachian region, unlike the widely-distributed minor species group (known throughout eastern North America), and has a distinct gap in its distribution in northeastern Tennessee and adjacent northwestern North Carolina. The wilsoni species group seems to be adapted to mesic microhabitats in middle to high elevation forests in eastern North America. New species are expected to be discovered in the southern Appalachian Mountains.

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Research Article Fri, 15 Apr 2022 17:55:00 +0300
Morphology and distribution of the Middle Asian centipede genus Krateraspis Lignau, 1929 (Chilopoda, Geophilomorpha, Mecistocephalidae) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/80806/ ZooKeys 1095: 143-164

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1095.80806

Authors: Yurii V. Dyachkov, Lucio Bonato

Abstract: A comprehensive redescription of the poorly known mecistocephalid genus Krateraspis Lignau, 1929 and its two species is provided, based on the examination of type material and new specimens, as well as the critical evaluation of all published information. Krateraspis is confirmed differing from all other Mecistocephalidae especially for a peculiar pattern of areolation and setation of the clypeus. Records from 24 localities indicate that Krateraspis is limited to a narrow area of Middle Asia, from the Western Tian-Shan to the western offshoots of Pamir Mountains. Two species are morphologically distinguishable: K. meinerti (Sseliwanoff, 1881) and K. sselivanovi Titova, 1975. They differ mainly in details of the clypeus and maxillae, in the pattern of forcipular denticles, and in the number of legs. Tygarrup asiaticus Verhoeff, 1930 is confirmed as a junior synonym of K. meinerti, and a lectotype is designated for the former.

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Research Article Thu, 14 Apr 2022 09:36:34 +0300
Mountainous millipedes in Vietnam. II. A conspicuous Tylopus species from Northern Vietnam (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Paradoxosomatidae) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/80094/ ZooKeys 1091: 1-13

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1091.80094

Authors: Anh D. Nguyen, Katsuyuki Eguchi

Abstract: A conspicuous Tylopus species is described from Northern Vietnam, namely T. helicorthomorphoides sp. nov. The new species is clearly diagnosed by the gonopodal solenophore completely sheathing the solenomere, both being coiled three times, and the absence of spine z and process h of the gonopod. Fragments of the COI and 16S rRNA genes were extracted, and the phylogenetic analysis also supports the new species.

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Research Article Thu, 31 Mar 2022 15:41:54 +0300
The revalidation of Otostigmus (O.) lewisi Song et al., 2005 (Scolopendromorpha, Scolopendridae) based on new material from Jiacha County, China https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/77703/ ZooKeys 1088: 41-52

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1088.77703

Authors: Xiaoshuang Liu, Yixuan Li, Zhiyong Di

Abstract: Otostigmus (O.) lewisi Song et al., 2005 was described from sub-adult specimens from Jiacha County (Xizang, China), but was synonymized by Lewis (2010) with the Nepalese species O. (O.) beroni Lewis, 2001. The latter was also recorded from Jilong County (Xizang, China) by Song et al. (2005). Following a comparison of O. (O.) beroni from Jilong County with new materials of O. (O.) lewisi from Jiacha County, we reaffirm that O. (O.) lewisi is a valid species.

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Research Article Fri, 4 Mar 2022 16:20:06 +0200
Redescription of the giant Southeast Asian millipede Spirobolus macrurus Pocock, 1893 and its assignment to the new genus Macrurobolus gen. nov. (Diplopoda, Spirobolida, Pachybolidae) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/71280/ ZooKeys 1087: 1-18

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1087.71280

Authors: Piyatida Pimvichai, Henrik Enghoff, Thierry Backeljau

Abstract: A new genus of the millipede family Pachybolidae from Southeast Asia is described: Macrurobolus gen. nov., with Spirobolus macrurus Pocock, 1893 as type species. This latter species is DNA barcoded (COI) and redescribed based on male morphological characters, which hitherto were unknown. The new genus differs from other pachybolid genera by having (1) the preanal ring process long and protruding beyond the anal valves and (2) the anterior gonopod telopodite distally abruptly narrowed, forming an extremely long, slender, elevated process curved caudad. Given that Macrurobolus gen. nov. is a monotypic genus, it is aphyletic and thus requires further taxonomic revision.

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Research Article Tue, 22 Feb 2022 10:46:58 +0200
The Oriental millipede genus Nepalella Shear, 1979, with the description of a new species from Thailand and an updated key (Diplopoda, Chordeumatida, Megalotylidae) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/78744/ ZooKeys 1084: 183-199

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1084.78744

Authors: Natdanai Likhitrakarn, Sergei I. Golovatch, Somsak Panha

Abstract: The Oriental genus Nepalella is reviewed, rediagnosed and shown to comprise 28 species, including N. siamensis sp. nov. from southeastern Thailand. All Nepalella species are keyed, and their distributions mapped, being highly localized and mainly allopatric. Unlike most congeners, which are largely confined to subtropical environments (including montane to high-montane conditions, up to 3800 m a.s.l.) or karst caves (eight species, all in southern China alone), the new species is the southernmost in the distribution area of the entire genus, also being among the very few (four) that are restricted to lowland, purely tropical habitats.

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Research Article Tue, 1 Feb 2022 10:22:20 +0200
The giant pill-millipede genus Zephronia Gray, 1832 from Thailand, with a redescription of Z. siamensis Hirst, 1907 and descriptions of three new species (Diplopoda, Sphaerotheriida, Zephroniidae) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/72369/ ZooKeys 1067: 19-56

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1067.72369

Authors: Ruttapon Srisonchai, Chirasak Sutcharit, Natdanai Likhitrakarn

Abstract: Material of the giant pill-millipede genus Zephronia Gray, 1832 recently collected from Thailand contains three new species: Zephronia enghoffi sp. nov., Zephronia golovatchi sp. nov., and Zephronia panhai sp. nov. The first Zephronia species recorded for Thailand, Z. siamensis Hirst, 1907, is also redescribed based on new specimens collected both from the type locality in Chonburi Province and from neighboring areas. Morphological characters of all new species, Z. phrain Likhitrakarn & Golovatch, 2021, and Z. siamensis are illustrated, and a distribution map of the confirmed Zephronia species occurring in Thailand is also provided.

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Research Article Fri, 29 Oct 2021 09:05:33 +0300
The millipede tribe Brachyiulini in the Caucasus (Diplopoda, Julida, Julidae) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/68628/ ZooKeys 1058: 1-127

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1058.68628

Authors: Boyan Vagalinski, Sergei I. Golovatch

Abstract: The diplopod tribe Brachyiulini is represented in the fauna of the Caucasus by eight genera and 32 species, of which one genus and 14 species are described as new: Colchiobrachyiulus montanus Vagalinski, sp. nov., Iraniulus tricornis Vagalinski, sp. nov., Omobrachyiulus armatus Vagalinski, sp. nov., O. fasciatus Vagalinski, sp. nov., O. faxifer Vagalinski, sp. nov., O. kvavadzei Vagalinski, sp. nov., O. lazanyiae Vagalinski, sp. nov., O. ponticus Vagalinski, sp. nov., O. pristis Vagalinski, sp. nov., O. trochiloides Vagalinski, sp. nov., O. unugulis Vagalinski, sp. nov., O. zuevi Vagalinski, sp. nov., Svaniulus ryvkini Vagalinski, gen. nov., sp. nov., and S. waltheri Vagalinski, gen. nov., sp. nov. Colchiobrachyiulus Lohmander, 1936, a former subgenus of Megaphyllum, is here elevated to a full genus, and the genus Grusiniulus Lohmander, 1936 is downgraded to a subgenus of the genus Cyphobrachyiulus Verhoeff, 1900, both stat. nov., with their previously described species, Colchiobrachyiulus dioscoriadis (Lignau, 1915) and Cyphobrachyiulus redikorzevi (Lohmander, 1936), respectively, listed as comb. nov. Omobrachyiulus brachyurus (Attems, 1899) is formally established as a junior subjective synonym of O. caucasicus (Karsch, 1881), syn. nov., and Omobrachyiulus implicitus ritsensis (Golovatch, 1981) is formally synonymised with the typical Omobrachyiulus implicitus (Lohmander, 1936), syn. nov. Omobrachyiulus sevangensis (Lohmander, 1932), originally described in the genus Megaphyllum, is here transferred to the former genus, comb. nov. The diagnoses and descriptions of some genera and subgenera are refined and complemented. A key is given to all genera and species of Brachyiulini that occur in the Caucasus, and their distributions are mapped. Several species are recorded as new to the faunas of Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, or Russia. The distribution patterns of the Caucasian Brachyiulini and their biogeographic implications are discussed.

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Monograph Mon, 30 Aug 2021 16:47:33 +0300
Two new species of the millipede genus Glyphiulus Gervais, 1847 (Diplopoda, Spirostreptida, Cambalopsidae) from caves in northern Thailand https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/71395/ ZooKeys 1056: 173-189

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1056.71395

Authors: Natdanai Likhitrakarn, Sergei I Golovatch, Sopark Jantarit

Abstract: Two new species of the genus Glyphiulus Gervais, 1847 are described and illustrated. The first species, G. longus sp. nov., is the second species of the javanicus-group to be found in Thailand. It resembles G. guangnanensis Jiang, Guo, Chen & Xie, 2018, from southern China, but is distinguished by a smaller size and the carinotaxic formula of the collum, combined with ♂ legs 1 bearing very strongly reduced telopodites, the anterior gonopods showing a pair of very long and slender apicomesal processes, and the denser plumose and stout flagella of the posterior gonopods. The second species, G. promdami sp. nov., the fifth member of the granulatus-group in Thailand, seems to be particularly similar to G. subbedosae Likhitrakarn, Golovatch & Panha, 2017, from Laos. However, it can be distinguished from the latter species mainly by showing a uniformly yellow collum and the posterior gonopod coxite bearing several strong setae in median and lateral views, coupled with the anterior gonopod coxosternum being microsetose in the anterior and medial parts in caudal view. An identification key to, and a distribution map of, all seven Glyphiulus species currently known to occur in Thailand are also provided.

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Research Article Fri, 20 Aug 2021 15:14:17 +0300
The millipede genera Amblyiulus Silvestri, 1896 and Syrioiulus Verhoeff, 1914 in the Caucasus, with notes on their distributions (Diplopoda, Julida, Julidae) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/68454/ ZooKeys 1048: 109-143

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1048.68454

Authors: Aleksandr P. Evsyukov, Sergei I. Golovatch, Dragan Ž. Antić

Abstract: In the Caucasus, the genera Amblyiulus Silvestri, 1896 and Syrioiulus Verhoeff, 1914 are shown to include two and four species, respectively: Amblyiulus georgicus Lohmander, 1932, from Georgia and Armenia, A. hirtus sp. nov., from Azerbaijan and Dagestan, Russia, Syrioiulus adsharicus (Lohmander, 1936), from Georgia, S. continentalis (Attems, 1903), from Azerbaijan and Iran, S. taliscius (Attems, 1927), from Azerbaijan, and S. armeniacus sp. nov., from Armenia. All these six species are described, illustrated, and keyed, and their distributions are mapped and discussed, based on the literature data and abundant new samples.

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Research Article Tue, 13 Jul 2021 17:41:45 +0300
Two new species of the millipede genus Tylopus Jeekel, 1968 from Shan State, Myanmar (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Paradoxosomatidae) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/66209/ ZooKeys 1040: 167-185

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1040.66209

Authors: Natdanai Likhitrakarn, Sergei I. Golovatch, Ruttapon Srisonchai, Somsak Panha

Abstract: The predominantly Indochinese to southern Chinese millipede genus Tylopus presently comprises 76 described species, including two new, T. monticola sp. nov. and T. sutchariti sp. nov., both described and illustrated based on material from a limestone mountain in Taunggyi District, Shan State, Myanmar. Both new species have been found to occur syntopically near limestone caves and are assumed to be narrowly endemic to the Taunggyi Mountains, southwestern Shan State, Myanmar. A key to all six Tylopus species known to occur in Myanmar is provided, and their distributions are also mapped.

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Research Article Fri, 28 May 2021 19:21:02 +0300
Mountainous millipedes in Vietnam. I. Two new species of the family Paradoxosomatidae from Mount Fansipan (Diplopoda, Polydesmida) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/64917/ ZooKeys 1032: 1-15

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1032.64917

Authors: Anh D. Nguyen, Dai Dac Nguyen, Katsuyuki Eguchi

Abstract: Two new paradoxosomatid millipede species were discovered at the high elevations of Mount Fansipan in northwestern Vietnam. They are named as Orthomorphoides sapa sp. nov. and Hylomus solenophorus sp. nov. In addition to their morphological descriptions, sequences from fragments of two mitochondrial genes, COI and 16S rRNA, are also provided for both new species.

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Research Article Fri, 16 Apr 2021 12:02:49 +0300
A revision of the minor species group in the millipede genus Nannaria Chamberlin, 1918 (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Xystodesmidae) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/62544/ ZooKeys 1030: 1-180

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1030.62544

Authors: Jackson C. Means, Derek A. Hennen, Paul E. Marek

Abstract: Millipedes in the family Xystodesmidae (Polydesmida) are often referred to as “colorful, flat-backed millipedes” for their bright aposematic coloration and tendency to form Müllerian mimicry rings in the Appalachian region. However, there are many species of Xystodesmidae that do not display colorful warning patterns, and instead have more cryptic appearances. Perhaps for this reason, groups such as the genus Nannaria have remained understudied, despite containing a large number of undescribed species. Before his death in 2012, R. L. Hoffman worked on a revision of the genus Nannaria, and synthesized material and drawings since 1949. Here the work is continued, inferring a molecular phylogeny of the Nannariini (Nannaria + Oenomaea pulchella), and revealing two clades within the genus. One clade is named the minor species group, and the second is the wilsoni species group. This revision, using a molecular phylogenetic framework, is the basis for descriptions of 35 new species in the minor species group. A multi-gene molecular phylogeny is used to make taxonomic changes in the taxon. Eleven putative species of Nannaria are also illustrated and discussed. Additionally, detailed collection, natural history and habitat notes, distribution maps, and a key to species of the Nannaria minor species group are provided. These items are synthesized as a basis for a revision of the genus, which hopefully will aid conservation and evolutionary investigations of this cryptic and understudied group.

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Research Article Tue, 13 Apr 2021 13:45:42 +0300
Description of the first species of Glomeridesmida from Thailand (Diplopoda, Glomeridesmida, Glomeridesmidae) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/63678/ ZooKeys 1024: 137-156

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1024.63678

Authors: Thomas Wesener, Nattarin Wongthamwanich, Leif Moritz

Abstract: With three genera and 35 previously known species from India, SE Asia, Central and South America, Glomeridesmida are one of the least diverse Diplopoda groups. Here we describe Glomeridesmus siamensis sp. nov., the first species of the order Glomeridesmida from Thailand. The geographically nearest confamiliar species have been described from southern India, Sumatra and Java. The species is described combining photographs, light- and scanning electron microscopy of mature and younger males, females and juveniles. Several characters are illustrated for the first time for an Asian representative of the family Glomeridesmidae. In addition to the type locality of G. siamensis sp. nov. from Krabi province, locality data of unidentified Glomeridesmus from Thailand are also given. These data are providing further evidence that the Glomeridesmida are not uncommon, but overlooked as they are small and difficult to collect. The unusual telopods and other morphological characters of G. siamensis sp. nov. differ considerably from the few Glomeridesmus males described from Central and South America as well as from India, but the unclear status of two generic names available for species from Indonesia prevents us from adding another generic name to this small and understudied order.

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Research Article Tue, 16 Mar 2021 13:36:41 +0200
Five million years in the darkness: A new troglomorphic species of Cryptops Leach, 1814 (Chilopoda, Scolopendromorpha) from Movile Cave, Romania https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/58537/ ZooKeys 1004: 1-26

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1004.58537

Authors: Varpu Vahtera, Pavel Stoev, Nesrine Akkari

Abstract: A new species of Cryptops Leach, 1814, C. speleorex sp. nov., is described from Movile Cave, Dobrogea, Romania. The cave is remarkable for its unique ecosystem entirely dependent on methane- and sulfur-oxidising bacteria. Until now, the cave was thought to be inhabited by the epigean species C. anomalans, which is widespread in Europe. Despite its resemblance to C. anomalans, the new species is well-defined morphologically and molecularly based on two mitochondrial (cytochrome c oxidase subunit I COI and 16S rDNA) and one nuclear (28S rDNA) markers. Cryptops speleorex sp. nov. shows a number of troglomorphic traits such as a generally large body and elongated appendages and spiracles, higher number of coxal pores and saw teeth on the tibia of the ultimate leg. With this record, the number of endemic species known from the Movile Cave reaches 35, which ranks it as one of the most species-rich caves in the world.

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Research Article Wed, 16 Dec 2020 11:26:11 +0200
Two new species of the genus Symphylella (Symphyla, Scolopendrellidae) from East China https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/60210/ ZooKeys 1003: 1-18

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1003.60210

Authors: Ya-Li Jin, Yun Bu

Abstract: Symphylella minuta sp. nov. and Symphylella communa sp. nov. from China are described and illustrated. Symphylella minuta sp. nov. is characterized by the delicate and minute body, a well-developed and thin central rod with a vestige of a transverse suture in the middle, eight setae on the first tergite, pointed processes on the tergites, and short cerci with sparse setae. Symphylella communa sp. nov. is characterized by the chaetotaxy of the first tergite with 4+4 setae, processes of the tergites somewhat longer or the same length with broad, most of lateromaginal setae long, anterolateral setae of tergites 2–4, 6, 7, 9, and 10 distinctly longer than other lateromarginal setae, approximately as long as the process of the same tergite, and cerci with numerous subequal and slightly curved setae. In addition, the chaetotaxic variation on the tergites, the distribution, the habitat, and the feeding habit of the genus Symphylella are discussed.

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Research Article Mon, 14 Dec 2020 00:36:02 +0200
A new micropolydesmoid millipede of the genus Eutrichodesmus Silvestri, 1910 from Cambodia, with a key to species in mainland Southeast Asia (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Haplodesmidae) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/57411/ ZooKeys 996: 59-91

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.996.57411

Authors: Ruttapon Srisonchai, Natdanai Likhitrakarn, Chirasak Sutcharit, Ekgachai Jeratthitikul, Warut Siriwut, Phanara Thrach, Samol Chhuoy, Peng Bun Ngor, Somsak Panha

Abstract: The micropolydesmoid millipede family Haplodesmidae is here recorded from Cambodia for the first time through the discovery of the first, new species of the genus Eutrichodesmus Silvestri, 1910: E. cambodiensis sp. nov. This new species is described from two limestone habitats in Kampot Province, based on abundant material. It is easily distinguished from all related congeners by the following combination of characters: body greyish-brown; limbus roundly lobulate; solenomere partially divided from acropodite by a digitiform lobe, but without hairpad. Brief remarks on the previously-proposed “pecularis-group” are provided and a second group, the “demangei-group”, is established and discussed on the basis of morphological evidence, updating the number of recognised species groups of Eutrichodesmus to two. Detailed morphological illustrations, photographs and a distribution map, as well as remarks on its habitat and mating behaviour of the new species are presented. Furthermore, the current distributions of all 55 presently-known species of Eutrichodesmus are provided and a key to all 23 species that occur in mainland Southeast Asia is given.

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Research Article Tue, 24 Nov 2020 14:59:05 +0200
An unusual new centipede subgenus Lithobius (Sinuispineus), with two new species from China (Lithobiomorpha, Lithobiidae) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/47295/ ZooKeys 980: 43-55

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.980.47295

Authors: Xiaodong Chang, Sujian Pei, Chunying Zhu, Huiqin Ma

Abstract: The present study describes a new Lithobiomorpha subgenus, Lithobius (Sinuispineus) subgen. nov., and two new species, L. (Sinuispineus) sinuispineus sp. nov. and L. (Sinuispineus) minuticornis sp. nov. from China. The representatives of the new subgenus are characterized by a considerable sexual dimorphism of the ultimate leg pair 15, having the femur and tibia unusually enlarged in males, and the dorsal side of the femur with curved posterior spurs. These features distinguish Lithobius (Sinuispineus) subgen. nov. from all other subgenera of Lithobius. The diagnosis and the main morphological characters of the new subgenus and of the two new species are given for both male and female specimens.

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Research Article Wed, 28 Oct 2020 13:18:46 +0200
A troglobitic species of the centipede Cryptops (Chilopoda, Scolopendromorpha) from northwestern Botswana https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/57088/ ZooKeys 977: 25-40

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.977.57088

Authors: Gregory D. Edgecombe, Nesrine Akkari, Edward C. Netherlands, Gerhard Du Preez

Abstract: A new species of Cryptops, C. (Cryptops) legagus sp. nov., occurs in caves in the Koanaka and Gcwihaba Hills in northwestern Botswana. Bayesian molecular phylogenetics using 18S rRNA, 28S rRNA, 16S rRNA and cytochrome c oxidase subunit I corroborates a morphological assignment to the subgenus Cryptops and closest affinities to southern temperate species in South Africa, Australia and New Zealand. The new species is not conspicuously modified as a troglomorph.

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Research Article Thu, 22 Oct 2020 16:01:50 +0300
A new genus and species of narrow-range millipede (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Dalodesmidae) from Tasmania, Australia https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/56308/ ZooKeys 966: 1-8

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.966.56308

Authors: Robert Mesibov, Juanita Rodriguez

Abstract: Kebodesmus zonarius gen. nov. et sp. nov. is only known from a small area on the Great Western Tiers in northern Tasmania, Australia, and like species of Paredrodesmus Mesibov, 2003 has no detectable paranota on the diplosegments. The gonopod telopodite of the new species is divided into a large, lateral, cowl-like structure, a solenomere and a medial branch with three processes.

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Research Article Wed, 9 Sep 2020 20:33:48 +0300
The first representatives of the millipede family Glomeridellidae (Diplopoda, Glomerida) recorded from China and Indochina https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/54694/ ZooKeys 954: 1-15

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.954.54694

Authors: Weixin Liu, Sergei Golovatch

Abstract: A new species of glomeridellid millipede is described from Guizhou Province, southern China: Tonkinomeris huzhengkuni sp. nov. This new epigean species differs very clearly in many structural details, being sufficiently distinct morphologically and disjunct geographically from T. napoensis Nguyen, Sierwald & Marek, 2019, the type and sole species of Tonkinomeris Nguyen, Sierwald & Marek, 2019, which was described recently from northern Vietnam. The genus Tonkinomeris is formally relegated from Glomeridae and assigned to the family Glomeridellidae, which has hitherto been considered strictly Euro-Mediterranean in distribution and is thus new to the diplopod faunas of China and Indochina. Tonkinomeris is re-diagnosed and shown to have perhaps the basalmost position in the family Glomeridellidae. Its relationships are discussed, both morphological and zoogeographical, within and outside the Glomeridellidae, which can now be considered as relict and basically Oriental in origin. Because of the still highly limited array of DNA-barcoding sequences of the COI mitochondrial gene available in the GenBank, the first molecular phylogenetic analysis of Glomerida attempted here shows our phylogram to be too deficient to consider meaningful.

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Research Article Wed, 29 Jul 2020 14:26:54 +0300
Ecotone shifts in southern Madagascar: first barcoding data and six new species of the endemic millipede genus Riotintobolus (Spirobolida, Pachybolidae) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/53977/ ZooKeys 953: 1-29

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.953.53977

Authors: Thomas Wesener

Abstract: Six new species of the Spirobolida millipede genus Riotintobolus Wesener, 2009, are described from the spiny forest in southern Madagascar utilising genetic barcoding, drawings and scanning electron microscopy: Riotintobolus tsimelahy sp. nov., R. mangatsiaka sp. nov., R. lavanono sp. nov., R. bovinus sp. nov., R. antafoky sp. nov. and R. makayi sp. nov. One other Riotintobolus population from the spiny forest might represent an additional species based on genetic data, but it cannot be described as no male specimens were collected. At present, the genus Riotintobolus Wesener, 2009 has eight species from the spiny forest and two species from the littoral rainforest. A determination key to all ten species of the genus is provided. Molecular data reveal that the two critically endangered species from the humid littoral rainforest are not closely related to one another, but have their closest relative in the dry spiny forest ecosystem. Riotintobolus mandenensis Wesener, 2009, only known from the southern littoral rainforest of Mandena is related to R. tsimelahy sp. nov. from the nearby spiny forest at Tsimelahy with a p-distance of 11%, while R. minutus Wesener, 2009 from the littoral forest of Sainte Luce is more distant to all other Riotintobolus species, but more closely related to R. bovinus sp. nov. from the southwestern forest of the Makay.

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Research Article Mon, 27 Jul 2020 13:54:57 +0300
First record of the family Colinauropodidae (Myriapoda, Pauropoda) in China, with the description of three new species https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/53723/ ZooKeys 947: 53-70

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.947.53723

Authors: Yun Bu

Abstract: The pauropod family Colinauropodidae Scheller, 1985 is recorded from China for the first time. Three new species of the genus Colinauropus Remy, 1956 are described: Colinauropus chinensis sp. nov. and C. chongzhoui sp. nov. from Jiangsu Province, and C. foliosus sp. nov. from Sichuan Province. They can be easily separated from similar species by the number and the shape of sclerotized plates on the tergites, setae on the body and the anal plate. A key for all species of the genus is provided.

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Research Article Wed, 8 Jul 2020 17:17:42 +0300
Two new species of the millipede genus Plusioglyphiulus Silvestri, 1923 from Cambodia (Diplopoda, Spirostreptida) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/51234/ ZooKeys 938: 137-151

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.938.51234

Authors: Natdanai Likhitrakarn, Sergei I. Golovatch, Phanara Thach, Samol Chhuoy, Peng Bun Ngor, Ruttapon Srisonchai, Chirasak Sutcharit, Somsak Panha

Abstract: Two new species of Plusioglyphiulus are described from southern Cambodia. Plusioglyphiulus biserratus sp. nov. is clearly distinguished from all congeners by the shape of the telopodites of the posterior gonopods which are distinctly serrate laterally and by the anterior gonopods showing only a pair of single, smooth and curved coxosternal processes. Plusioglyphiulus khmer sp. nov. is distinguished by having most crests on the collum being complete and male legs 1 showing long, prominent, one-segmented telopodites, coupled with the oblong-subtrapeziform, membranous, posterior gonopods with a small bifid process at about a third of the telopodite length. Notes on the variation of Plusioglyphiulus boutini Mauriès, 1970 are also given, including a colour photograph of fresh, live material. A key to all four species of Plusioglyphiulus currently known to occur in Cambodia is also presented.

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Research Article Thu, 4 Jun 2020 17:45:31 +0300
Rediscovery and phylogenetic relationships of the scolopendromorph centipede Mimops orientalis Kraepelin, 1903 (Chilopoda): a monotypic species of Mimopidae endemic to China, for more than one century https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/51461/ ZooKeys 932: 75-91

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.932.51461

Authors: Chao Jiang, Yunjun Bai, Mengxuan Shi, Juan Liu

Abstract: Mimops orientalis Kraepelin, 1903 is a monotypic species of Mimopidae endemic to China. The species is known only from a single specimen, the holotype. Little is known about its biology, habitat associations, or phylogenetic relationships. It was rediscovered on Qinling Mountain in Shaanxi and Henan provinces, China, 117 years after its last record. Detailed descriptions and colour photographs of living specimens are provided along with its ecology, updated conservation notes, and data on sexual dimorphism. A genetic analysis (COI, 16S rRNA, and 28S rRNA) was conducted to assess the phylogenetic relationships among Mimopidae, Cryptopidae, Scolopendridae, Scolopocryptopidae, and Plutoniumidae. The results support classifying Mimopidae as a valid family.

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Research Article Tue, 12 May 2020 16:21:32 +0300
Lithobius (Ezembius) varioporus, a new species from eastern China (Lithobiomorpha, Lithobiidae) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/47305/ ZooKeys 931: 35-48

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.931.47305

Authors: Sujian Pei, Huiqin Ma, Haipeng Liu, Yanmin Lu, Xiaojie Hou

Abstract: Lithobius (Ezembius) varioporus sp. nov. (Lithobiomorpha, Lithobiidae), recently discovered from Longquanguan Town, Fuping County, Baoding City, Hebei Province, China, is described. Morphologically it resembles to Lithobius (Ezembius) laevidentata Pei, Ma, Hou, Zhu & Gai, 2015 from the Xinjiang Autonomous Region, but can be easily distinguished from the latter by the Tömösváry’s organ, slightly smaller than the adjoining ocelli, no secondary sexual modifications on male tibia 14 and 15, posterior accessory spine of legs 14 and 15 present and the number of coxal pores varying considerably from three to eight. The main morphological characters of the known Chinese species of the subgenusEzembius Chamberlin, 1919 based on adult specimens are presented.

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Research Article Thu, 30 Apr 2020 09:40:29 +0300
Conservation of terrestrial invertebrates: a review of IUCN and regional Red Lists for Myriapoda https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/48943/ ZooKeys 930: 221-229

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.930.48943

Authors: Manoela Karam-Gemael, Peter Decker, Pavel Stoev, Marinez I. Marques, Amazonas Chagas Jr

Abstract: Red Listing of Threatened species is recognized as the most objective approach for evaluating extinction risk of living organisms which can be applied at global or national scales. Invertebrates account for nearly 97% of all animals on the planet but are insufficiently represented in the IUCN Red Lists at both scales. To analyze the occurrence of species present in regional Red Lists, accounts of 48 different countries and regions all over the world were consulted and all data about myriapods (Myriapoda) ever assessed in Red Lists at any level assembled. Myriapod species assessments were found in eleven regional Red Lists; however, no overlap between the species included in the global IUCN Red List and the regional ones was established. This means that myriapod species considered threatened at regional level may not be eligible for international funding specific for protection of native threatened species (more than US$ 25 million were available in the last decade) as most financial instruments tend to support only threatened species included in the IUCN Red List. As the lack of financial resources may limit protection for species in risk of extinction, it is urgent to increase the possibilities of getting financial support for implementation of measures for their protection. A Red List of all Myriapoda species recorded in Red Lists at national or local (596) and global (210) scales totaling 806 species is presented. This list shows for the first time an overview of the current conservation status of Myriapoda species. Here, the urgent need of establishing a Myriapoda Specialist Group in the Species Survival Commission of IUCN is also stressed.

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Research Article Tue, 28 Apr 2020 18:00:12 +0300
Diversity and distribution of the millipedes (Diplopoda) of Georgia, Caucasus https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/47490/ ZooKeys 930: 199-219

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.930.47490

Authors: Mzia S. Kokhia, Sergei I. Golovatch

Abstract: The diplopod fauna of Georgia, Transcaucasia, is very rich given the country’s relatively small territory; it presently comprises 103 species from 44 genera, 12 families, and 7 orders. Most of the Diplopoda known from Georgia (86 species, or 83%) demonstrate Caucasian distribution patterns, 36 and 46 species, as well as 8 and 9 genera being endemic or subendemic to the country, respectively. A single Holarctic family, Anthroleucosomatidae (order Chordeumatida), contains 44 Caucasian species and 20 genera, of which 27 species and 14 genera are endemic or subendemic to Georgia. Likewise, all species from the orders Polyzoniida, Siphonocryptida, Glomerida and Chordeumatida, as well as most species of Julida and Polydesmida are native, also endemic or subendemic to the Caucasus, but the genera and families they represent are widely distributed at least across the Euro-Mediterranean Realm. Most of the presumed troglobionts in the Caucasus appear to be confined to western Georgia’s karst caves (14 species, 5 genera). Within Georgia, the fauna of the western part (= Colchis) is particularly rich and diverse, while that of the central and eastern parts of the country grows increasingly depauperate inland following the gradual climatic aridisation from west (Black Sea coast) to east (Armenia and Azerbaijan). The vertical distribution of the Diplopoda in Georgia, as well as the Caucasus generally, shows the bulk of the fauna restricted to forested lowland to mountain biomes or their remnants. Only very few Chordeumatida and Julus species seem to occur solely in the subalpine to alpine environments and thus may provisionally be considered as high-montane elements. Ongoing and future research on the millipedes of the Caucasus, especially in cave and montane environments, will undoubtedly allow for many more novelties and details of the diversity and distribution of Georgia’s Diplopoda to be revealed or refined.

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Research Article Tue, 28 Apr 2020 18:00:11 +0300
Diversity, distribution patterns, and fauno-genesis of the millipedes (Diplopoda) of mainland China https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/47513/ ZooKeys 930: 153-198

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.930.47513

Authors: Sergei I. Golovatch, Weixin Liu

Abstract: Based on all available information, 339 species from 71 genera, 26 families, and eleven orders of Diplopoda have hitherto been recorded from mainland China, the fauna thus being very rich, albeit far from completely known, comprising various zoogeographic elements and populating very different environments. Diplopods mainly occur in various woodlands, in caves, and high in the mountains. Most species (> 90 %, usually highly localised, including 160 cavernicoles), 18 genera, and one family are strictly endemic to continental China. Mapping not only the horizontal, but also the vertical distributions of Diplopoda in China shows the bulk of the fauna to be expectedly restricted to forested lowland and mountain biomes or their remnants. Yet some Chordeumatida, Callipodida, Polydesmida, Julida, and even Spirobolida seem to occur only in the subalpine to alpine environments and thus may provisionally be considered as truly high-montane. The long-acknowledged notions of China being a great biogeographic zone transitional between the Palaearctic and Oriental regions generally find good support in millipede distributions, in particular at the higher taxonomic levels (generic, familial, and ordinal). While the Palaearctic/Holarctic components expectedly dominate the fauna of the northern parts of the country, the Oriental ones prevail in its south and along the Pacific coast. Both realms are increasingly mixed and intermingled towards China’s centre. However, in addition to the above traditional views, based on distribution patterns alone, southern China seems to harbour a rather small, but highly peculiar faunal nucleus or origin centre of its own, whence Himalaya, Myanmar, Thailand, Indochina and/or Taiwan could have become populated by younger lineages. The millipede fauna of continental China is thus a tangled mixture of zoogeographic elements of various origins and ages, both relict and more advanced. The few anthropochores must have been the latest faunal “layer” to populate China.

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Research Article Tue, 28 Apr 2020 18:00:10 +0300
Character of woodland fragments affects distribution of myriapod assemblages in agricultural landscape https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/48586/ ZooKeys 930: 139-151

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.930.48586

Authors: Ondřej Horňák, Andrej Mock, Bořivoj Šarapatka, Ivan Hadrián Tuf

Abstract: Fragments of woodland fulfil many irreplaceable functions in the agricultural landscape including being the main source of biodiversity of soil invertebrates. Due to intensive farming and land use changes, especially in the second half of the 20th century, fragments of woodland in agricultural landscape almost disappeared. This has led to a decrease in the diversity of invertebrates, especially those for which the presence of these woodland habitats in the landscape is a key element for survival. The aim of this study was to evaluate the importance of fragments of woodland (characterised by their area, vegetation structure, the amount of leaf litter layer and soil moisture) on the distribution of centipedes and millipedes (Myriapoda) in the agricultural landscape of South Moravia (Czech Republic). Myriapods were collected using pitfall traps during summer in 2016 and 2017. Results showed that activity-density of myriapods is positively correlated with thickness of the leaf litter layer. Moreover, the species richness of centipedes is positively correlated with increasing size of fragments of woodland although higher centipedes’ activity-density was found in rather uniform woodlands in term of diversity of tree species.

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Research Article Tue, 28 Apr 2020 18:00:09 +0300
Subterranean biodiversity and depth distribution of myriapods in forested scree slopes of Central Europe https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/48914/ ZooKeys 930: 117-137

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.930.48914

Authors: Beáta Haľková, Ivan Hadrián Tuf, Karel Tajovský, Andrej Mock

Abstract: The shallow underground of rock debris is a unique animal refuge. Nevertheless, the research of this habitat lags far behind the study of caves and soil, due to technical and time-consuming demands. Data on Myriapoda in scree habitat from eleven localities in seven different geomorphological units of the Czech and Slovak Republics were processed. Based on previous studies, as well as knowledge of cave and soil fauna, it was hypothesised that the occurrence of a varied and peculiar fauna would show a pattern of depth distribution with variations due to local specificities. From 2005–2016 (at least one year on each site), macrofauna was collected via sets of three long-term exposed subterranean traps consisting of 110 cm long perforated tube, with ten cups located in a gradient at 5–95 cm below the soil surface. In total, 14 symphylans (not identified to species level), 271 centipedes (23 spp.) and 572 millipedes (32 spp.) were sampled. The overall depth distribution of centipedes and millipedes appeared to have relatively similar pattern, with both groups being found at all depth levels. Nevertheless, this pattern depends on locations. The depth distribution trend lines are mostly in the form of an asymmetric ‘U’, with decreased abundance until the middle of the gradient, followed by increase in the deepest levels. Epigeic species were sporadically distributed along the whole depth gradient, but concentrated at the soil surface, while some subterranean species, such as the centipede Lithobius lucifugus and the millipedes Geoglomeris subterranea, Cibiniulus slovacus and Archiboreoiulus pallidus, were recorded in the deepest parts of the gradient. This characterises the debris community as a mixture of soil and subterranean species with an absence of species exclusively found in caves. The use of different fixation methods in traps had a significant and selective impact on samples; millipedes were either attracted by ethylene glycol or repelled by formaldehyde. Centipedes were also captured more frequently in ethylene glycol; however, the species composition varied in each of the fixatives. Depth distribution of myriapods was similar in both fixative solutions. Traps with these fixatives could be recommended for similar ecological studies.

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Research Article Tue, 28 Apr 2020 18:00:08 +0300
No Tömösváry organ in flat backed millipedes (Diplopoda, Polydesmida) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/48438/ ZooKeys 930: 103-115

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.930.48438

Authors: Leif Moritz, Markus Koch

Abstract: The Tömösváry organ is a sensory structure of the head in myriapods and some other terrestrial arthropods. Due to its variable shape, size, and position in millipedes (Diplopoda) the Tömösváry organ is commonly used as diagnostic character in taxonomic descriptions and often included in phylogenetic analyses. For the Polydesmida, the largest millipede order, the Tömösváry organ is inconsistently stated as being either absent or present as a pear-shaped pit covered by a membrane or cuticular disc. In order to resolve this inconsistency, we investigated the morphology of the presumable Tömösváry organ in four polydesmidan species based on paraffin-histology, semi-thin sections and micro-computed tomography. Our results unambiguously favor the view that the articulation of the cephalic tentorium with the head capsule was misidentified as the Tömösváry organ in previous studies, and thus that the Tömösváry organ indeed is absent in the Polydesmida. The pear-shaped pit proved to represent the distal roundish expansion of the incisura lateralis, to which – similarly as in julidan millipedes – the tentorial transverse bar is articulated. The absence of the Tömösváry organ in the Polydesmida does not affect the topology of the interrelationships among the millipede orders retrieved in previous cladistic analyses based on morphology. As a character shared by Colobognatha and Juliformia, however, absence of a Tömösváry organ in Polydesmida favors the optimization of its presence in nematophoran millipedes as a reversal. Further studies are needed to clarify whether among chilognathan millipedes a Tömösváry organ really exists in taxa such as Stemmiulida, and whether the Tömösváry organs are homologous across millipedes.

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Research Article Tue, 28 Apr 2020 18:00:07 +0300
A second remarkable case of parapatry in a Tasmanian millipede genus (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Dalodesmidae) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/38031/ ZooKeys 930: 89-101

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.930.38031

Authors: Robert Mesibov

Abstract: Tasmaniosoma armatum Verhoeff, 1936 and T. orientale Mesibov, 2010 are parapatric in northeast Tasmania, Australia. The parapatric boundary is ca 50 km long and mainly follows streamlines. Three sections of the boundary were intensively sampled. Two gonopod variants of T. orientale also appear to be parapatric.

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Research Article Tue, 28 Apr 2020 18:00:06 +0300
Sexual size and shape dimorphism in Brachydesmus troglobius Daday, 1889 (Diplopoda, Polydesmida) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/48285/ ZooKeys 930: 75-88

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.930.48285

Authors: Vukica Vujić, Luka Lučić, Sofija Pavković-Lučić, Bojan Ilić, Zvezdana Jovanović, Slobodan Makarov, Boris Dudić

Abstract: Until now, morphological trait variation has been investigated in several millipede species using geometric morphometrics. The present study is the first attempt to explore sexual shape and size dimorphism (SShD and SSD) of morphological structures in Polydesmida. We here analyse antennal, head, and leg SShD and SSD in Brachydesmus troglobius Daday, 1889. Our results show that SSD exists in all of the analysed structures, while SShD is present only in the legs. In comparison with females, males possess longer and wider legs, as well as longer antennae and a shorter head. Contrary to previous findings in some Julida, in B. troglobius SSD of the antennae and legs varies more than SShD in these morphological structures.

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Research Article Tue, 28 Apr 2020 18:00:05 +0300
The millipede genus Globanus Attems, 1914, endemic to São Tomé and Príncipe, with the description of a new species (Diplopoda, Spirostreptida, Spirostreptidae) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/49236/ ZooKeys 930: 61-74

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.930.49236

Authors: Didier VandenSpiegel, Rowland M. Shelley, Sergei I. Golovatch

Abstract: During a soil zoological expedition to São Tomé and Príncipe in 2010 by the California Academy of Sciences, millipedes of the genus Globanus were collected. Samples of G. marginescaber (Karsch, 1884) and G. integer (Karsch, 1884) were recovered in addition to those containing a new species. Globanus drewesi sp. nov. is described and additional records, illustrations, and descriptive notes are given for the other two species. A key to all three species of the genus is provided, and a distribution map is presented. The monotypic genus Lobogonus Demange, 1971, which includes L. trilobatus Demange, 1971, from Sierra Leone, mainland western Africa, is revalidated and removed from synonymy under Globanus. Lobogonus is illustrated from a type specimen.

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Research Article Tue, 28 Apr 2020 18:00:04 +0300
Some new or poorly-known Zephroniidae (Diplopoda, Sphaerotheriida) from Vietnam https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/47742/ ZooKeys 930: 37-60

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.930.47742

Authors: Irina Semenyuk, Sergei I. Golovatch, Thomas Wesener

Abstract: Three new species of the giant pill-millipede family Zephroniidae are described from southern Vietnam: Sphaerobelum pumatense sp. nov., Sphaeropoeus honbaensis sp. nov. and Sphaeropoeus bidoupensis sp. nov. Two species, Sphaerobelum bicorne Attems, 1938 and Sphaeropoeus maculatus (Verhoeff, 1924), are redescribed, the former from new material, the latter from type material with lectotype designation. A new transfer is proposed: Zephronia manca Attems, 1936, to the genus Sphaeropoeus Brandt, 1833, giving the new combination, Sphaeropoeus manca (Attems, 1936) comb. nov.

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Research Article Tue, 28 Apr 2020 18:00:03 +0300
The millipedes collected by the Museum "La Specola" on Madagascar 1989/1991, with the description of three new species of giant pill-millipedes (Diplopoda, Sphaerotheriida, Arthrosphaeridae) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/47620/ ZooKeys 930: 3-35

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.930.47620

Authors: Thomas Wesener, Pooja Avinipully Anilkumar

Abstract: A large collection of millipedes (Diplopoda) from Madagascar, belonging to the Museum “La Specola” in Florence, Italy were investigated. The collection includes three new species of the giant pill-millipede genus Zoosphaerium Pocock, 1895 which are described here as Zoosphaerium mangabe Wesener, sp. nov., Z. bartolozzii Anilkumar & Wesener, sp. nov., and Z. taitii Anilkumar & Wesener, sp. nov., all belonging to the Z. coquerelianum species group. The latter two are currently only known from a single site. Other specimens belonging to eight orders (Polyxenida, Sphaerotheriida, Polyzoniida, Siphonophorida, Chordeumatida, Polydesmida, Spirobolida, and Spirostreptida) are listed. Three tropical tramp species, Pseudospirobolellus avernus (Butler, 1876), Glyphiulus granulatus Gervais, 1847, and Chondromorpha xanthotricha (Attems, 1898) are recorded for the first time from Madagascar. New locality data is provided for Zoosphaerium neptunus (Butler, 1872), Z. villosum Wesener & Sierwald, 2005, Z. blandum (de Saussure & Zehntner, 1897), Sphaeromimus musicus (de Saussure & Zehntner, 1897), Rhinotus purpureus (Pocock, 1894), Hylekobolus andasibensis Wesener, 2009, Aphistogoniulus infernalis Wesener, 2009, Ostinobolus rufus Wesener, 2009, Ostinobolus subterraneus Wesener, 2009, Dactylobolus bivirgatus (Karsch, 1881), and Eumekius antimena (de Saussure & Zehntner, 1901).

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Research Article Tue, 28 Apr 2020 18:00:02 +0300
Editorial https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/53478/ ZooKeys 930: 1-1

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.930.53478

Authors: Zoltán Korsós, László Dányi

Abstract: Editorial

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Editorial Tue, 28 Apr 2020 18:00:01 +0300
Study on the Pauropoda (Myriapoda) from Tibet, China – Part II: New species and new record of the genus Samarangopus https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/50100/ ZooKeys 927: 53-64

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.927.50100

Authors: Yun Bu

Abstract: The pauropod family Eurypauropodidae Ryder, 1879 is recorded from Tibet, China for the first time. In this study, a new species Samarangopus zhongi sp. nov. is described and illustrated from Motuo County, southeastern Tibet of China. It is distinguished from other species in this genus by having one pair of spiniform appendages on the sternum of the last trunk segment, 28–34 marginal protuberances on tergite I, the distal quarter of bothriotricha T3 golf-club-shaped, and the leaf-shaped seta st on tergum of pygidium. In addition, Samarangopus canalis Scheller, 2009 is newly recorded from China.

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Research Article Thu, 16 Apr 2020 14:32:40 +0300
The complete mitochondrial genome sequence of Scolopendra mutilans L. Koch, 1878 (Scolopendromorpha, Scolopendridae), with a comparative analysis of other centipede genomes https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/47820/ ZooKeys 925: 73-88

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.925.47820

Authors: Chaoyi Hu, Shuaibin Wang, Bisheng Huang, Hegang Liu, Lei Xu, Zhigang Hu, Yifei Liu

Abstract: Scolopendra mutilans L. Koch, 1878 is an important Chinese animal with thousands of years of medicinal history. However, the genomic information of this species is limited, which hinders its further application. Here, the complete mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of S. mutilans was sequenced and assembled by next-generation sequencing. The genome is 15,011 bp in length, consisting of 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 14 tRNA genes, and two rRNA genes. Most PCGs start with the ATN initiation codon, and all PCGs have the conventional stop codons TAA and TAG. The S. mutilans mitogenome revealed nine simple sequence repeats (SSRs), and an obviously lower GC content compared with other seven centipede mitogenomes previously sequenced. After analysis of homologous regions between the eight centipede mitogenomes, the S. mutilans mitogenome further showed clear genomic rearrangements. The phylogenetic analysis of eight centipedes using 13 conserved PCG genes was finally performed. The phylogenetic reconstructions showed Scutigeromorpha as a separate group, and Scolopendromorpha in a sister-group relationship with Lithobiomorpha and Geophilomorpha. Collectively, the S. mutilans mitogenome provided new genomic resources, which will improve its medicinal research and applications in the future.

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Research Article Wed, 8 Apr 2020 16:41:13 +0300
A remarkable new species of the millipede genus Trachyjulus Peters, 1864 (Diplopoda, Spirostreptida, Cambalopsidae) from Thailand, based both on morphological and molecular evidence https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/49953/ ZooKeys 925: 55-72

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.925.49953

Authors: Natdanai Likhitrakarn, Sergei I. Golovatch, Ekgachai Jeratthitikul, Ruttapon Srisonchai, Chirasak Sutcharit, Somsak Panha

Abstract: A new, giant species of Trachyjulus from a cave in southern Thailand is described, illustrated, and compared to morphologically closely related taxa. This new species, T. magnus sp. nov., is much larger than all other congeners and looks especially similar to the grossly sympatric T. unciger Golovatch, Geoffroy, Mauriès & VandenSpiegel, 2012, which is widespread in southern Thailand. Phylogenetic trees, both rooted and unrooted, based on a concatenated dataset of the COI and 28S genes of nine species of Cambalopsidae (Trachyjulus, Glyphiulus, and Plusioglyphiulus), strongly support the monophyly of Trachyjulus and a clear-cut divergence between T. magnus sp. nov. and T. unciger in revealing very high average p-distances of the COI gene (20.80–23.62%).

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Research Article Wed, 8 Apr 2020 05:11:20 +0300
First record on the biology of Sarcophaga (Bulbostyla) (Diptera, Sarcophagidae) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/46488/ ZooKeys 909: 59-66

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.909.46488

Authors: Pierre-Marc Brousseau, Marjolaine Giroux, I. Tanya Handa

Abstract: A first breeding record for Sarcophaga (Bulbostyla) cadyi Giroux & Wheeler on the American giant millipede Narceus americanus (de Beauvois) (Spirobolida, Spirobolidae) is reported. Digital photographs of the terminalia of S. (B.) cadyi and of Sarcophaga (Bulbostyla) yorkii Parker are also provided.

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Short Communication Wed, 5 Feb 2020 12:57:07 +0200
Review of the millipede genus Orthomorpha Bollman, 1893 (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Paradoxosomatidae) in Vietnam, with several new records and descriptions of two new species https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/39265/ ZooKeys 898: 121-158

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.898.39265

Authors: Natdanai Likhitrakarn, Sergei I. Golovatch, Irina Semenyuk, Boris D. Efeykin, Somsak Panha

Abstract: The genus Orthomorpha is shown to currently be represented in Vietnam by ten species or varieties, including new records of O. arboricola (Attems, 1937), O. coarctata (de Saussure, 1860), O. rotundicollis (Attems, 1937) and O. scabra Jeekel, 1964, and two new species, O. caramel sp. nov. and O. vietnamica sp. nov. A key to all eight Orthomorpha species and two varieties known to occur in Vietnam is provided. Although the morphological characters that have been traditionally used for Orthomorpha taxonomy are here considered superior to molecular ones, molecular-based phylogenetic relationships and taxon assignments within the tribe Orthomorphini are provisionally analyzed using fragments of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) mitochondrial gene. The preferred phylograms, both rooted and unrooted, demonstrate the monophyly of the tribe Orthomorphini, but due to the special, uncertain or even controversial position of O. coarctata, which occurs closer to the genera Antheromorpha and Hylomus, the genus Orthomorpha in current usage appears to be polyphyletic. However, if O. coarctata is to be treated within the monotypic genus Asiomorpha, the monophyly of Orthomorpha becomes manifest. On the other hand, a cautious approach is followed to avoid descriptions of suspicious new taxa/species. Thus, solely because the average genetic distance between O. rodundicollis subrotundicollis var. nov. and O. rodundicollis, as well as that between O. scabra grandis var. nov. and O. scabra, are both found to be negligibly small, the statuses of the sympatric and closest yet morphologically different varieties are treated only as such, i.e., infrasubspecific categories. The apparent discord observed between morphological and molecular data is obviously due to only partial and single-gene topologies used, possibly also to hybridization already known to occur in some closely related and sympatric paradoxosomatid species or even genera.

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Review Article Tue, 10 Dec 2019 18:54:27 +0200
Lithobius (Ezembius) hualongensis sp. nov. and Lithobius (Ezembius) sui sp. nov. (Lithobiomorpha, Lithobiidae), two new species of centipede from northwest China https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/39033/ ZooKeys 892: 77-92

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.892.39033

Authors: Penghai Qiao, Wen Qin, Huiqin Ma, Gonghua Lin, Tongzuo Zhang

Abstract: Lithobius (Ezembius) hualongensis sp. nov. and Lithobius (Ezembius) sui sp. nov. (Lithobiomorpha, Lithobiidae) recently discovered from the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, China are described. Morphologically, the two new species are very similar but can be distinguished by the number of coxosternal teeth: L. (E.) hualongensis sp. nov. has 2 + 2 while L. (E.) sui sp. nov. has 3 + 3. The two new species resemble L. (E.) multispinipes Pei et al., 2016, from the Xinjiang Autonomous Region, but can be readily distinguished by having the Tömösváry’s organ slightly larger than the adjoining ocelli rather than smaller, 3 + 3 spurs on female gonopods versus 2 + 2, and the simple terminal claw of female gonopods with a small triangular protuberance on the basal ventral side versus simple, without a small triangular protuberance on the basal ventral side. We also compare the main morphological characters of the two new species with the other Lithobius (Ezembius) species known in Qinghai Province. A key to the Chinese species of Ezembius is presented.

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Research Article Wed, 27 Nov 2019 14:02:05 +0200
Trichopolydesmidae from Cameroon, 2: A species-level reclassification of Afrotropical trichopolydesmids (Diplopoda, Polydesmida), with two new species and two new records from Cameroon, and two new species from the Nimba Mountains, Guinea https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/46986/ ZooKeys 891: 31-59

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.891.46986

Authors: Sergei I. Golovatch, Armand Richard Nzoko Fiemapong, Didier VandenSpiegel

Abstract: A revised classification of Afrotropical Trichopolydesmidae is presented. The fauna presently contains as many as 52 species in six recognized genera, with numerous new transfers/combinations involved: Bactrodesmus Cook, 1896 (3 species, including B. grandis sp. nov. from the Nimba Mountains, Guinea), Eburodesmus Schubart, 1955 (2 species), Hemisphaeroparia Schubart, 1955 (26 species, including one old species, Polydesmus parvulus Porat, 1894, revised from type material and provisionally assigned to Hemisphaeroparia, as well as two new records and two new species from Cameroon: H. longibrachiata sp. nov. and H. avis sp. nov.), Mecistoparia Brolemann, 1926 (3 species), Physetoparia Brolemann, 1920 (12 species, including P. complexa sp. nov. from the Nimba Mountains, Guinea), and Sphaeroparia Attems, 1909 (6 species). The hitherto enigmatic genus Bactrodesmus is redefined, but the monotypic Trichozonus Carl, 1905 still remains dubious.

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Research Article Thu, 21 Nov 2019 15:52:57 +0200
Two new species of Polydesmus Latreille, 1802/1803 from northern Spain with reinstatements of two species, and a key to the Iberian Polydesmus species (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Polydesmidae) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/37816/ ZooKeys 888: 51-65

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.888.37816

Authors: Per Djursvoll

Abstract: Polydesmus biscayensis sp. nov. and P. asturiensis sp. nov. are described and figured based on material housed in the Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales in Madrid. The specimens were collected in six localities in the Asturias and Cantabria provinces, including four caves. In addition, Polydesmus haroi Mauriès & Vicente, 1977 and Polydesmus racovitzai Brolemann, 1910 are transferred from Propolydesmus Verhoeff, 1895 to Polydesmus Latreille, 1802/1803 after examining the gonopod morphology. A key to the Iberian Polydesmus species is presented.

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Research Article Mon, 11 Nov 2019 12:10:18 +0200
Taxonomic status and behavioural documentation of the troglobiont Lithobius matulici (Myriapoda, Chilopoda) from the Dinaric Alps: Are there semiaquatic centipedes in caves? https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/33084/ ZooKeys 848: 1-20

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.848.33084

Authors: László Dányi, Gergely Balázs, Ivan Hadrián Tuf

Abstract: Lithobius matulici Verhoeff, 1899 is redescribed based on type material and newly collected specimens. Strandiolus jugoslavicus Hoffer, 1937, described from another cave in the same region in Bosnia and Hercegovina, is presented as a junior subjective synonym of L. matulici (syn. nov.). L. matulici is shown to be most closely related to Lithobius remyi Jawłowski, 1933, type species of the subgenus Thracolithobius Matic, 1962. The completeness of the chitin-lines on the forcipular coxosternite is discussed as a promising character for interspecific differentiation within Lithobiomorpha. Documentation of hitherto unknown semiaquatic behaviour in L. matulici and other cave-dwelling centipede species from Herzegovinian-, Montenegrin- and Pyrenean caves is presented.

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Research Article Mon, 20 May 2019 03:32:32 +0300
A new and cryptic species of Lissodesmus Chamberlin, 1920 (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Dalodesmidae) from Tasmania, Australia https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/35028/ ZooKeys 846: 31-41

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.846.35028

Authors: Robert Mesibov

Abstract: Lissodesmus piscator sp. nov. differs from the 30 previously described Lissodesmus species in the form of the femoral process of the gonopod telopodite, which is tripartite with an erect distal branch and two posteromedially curving basal branches. Despite careful searching, the new species has only been collected by pitfall trapping and may have a very small range in the northwest corner of the Central Plateau in Tasmania, Australia.

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Research Article Thu, 16 May 2019 02:40:37 +0300
Two new species of the genus Symphylella (Symphyla, Scolopendrellidae) from Tibet, China https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/33566/ ZooKeys 845: 99-117

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.845.33566

Authors: Ya-Li Jin, Yun Bu, Yue Jiang

Abstract: The Symphyla of Tibet are studied for the first time. Symphylella macropora sp. n. and Symphylella zhongi sp. n. from southeastern Tibet are described and illustrated. Symphylella macropora sp. n. is characterized by large, elongated oval openings of the Tömösváry organ with its inner margins covered by minute irregular teeth, rudimentary spined sensory organs present on the dorsal side of most antennal segments, and cerci with numerous long and slightly curved setae. Symphylella zhongi sp. n. is characterized by a globular Tömösváry organ with a small and roundish opening, mushroom-shaped sensory organs present on apical antennal segments, and by having tergal processes longer than their basal width with ovoid swollen ends. The newly described species are compared to the morphologically closest congeners: S. javanensis, S. asiatica, S. multisetosa, and S. simplex. A key for 43 species of the genus is also provided.

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Research Article Wed, 15 May 2019 15:24:28 +0300
Dwarfs under dinosaur legs: a new millipede of the order Callipodida (Diplopoda) from Cretaceous amber of Burma https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/34991/ ZooKeys 841: 79-96

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.841.34991

Authors: Pavel Stoev, Leif Moritz, Thomas Wesener

Abstract: The entire Mesozoic Era is rather poor in millipede (class Diplopoda) fossils, with less than a dozen species being taxonomically described. Here, we describe the first fossil millipede of the order Callipodida, Burmanopetalum inexpectatum gen. nov. et sp. nov., found in early Cenomanian amber of Burma, 98.79±0.62 Mya. The species possesses a number of morphological traits that exclude it from all extant suborders, and Burmanopetalidea suborder nov. and Burmanopetalidae fam. nov. are here erected to accommodate it. The new suborder can be recognized by the following unique characters: pleurotergal setae absent; telson with a specific spatulate shape twice the size of the penultimate body ring; hypoproct devoid of setae; and eyes composed of five well-separated ommatidia. While the callipodidan habitus seems to have remained generally unchanged for at least 99 million years, pleurotergal and hypoproctal setation, as well as the complexity of eyes in ground-dwelling forms may have evolved recently in the order. As B. inexpectatum gen. nov. et sp. nov. is the first true callipodidan in the fossil record, the minimum age of Callipodida is thus at least 99 Mya.

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Research Article Thu, 2 May 2019 15:55:28 +0300
On the taxonomic position of the enigmatic genus Tonkinodentus Schileyko, 1992 (Chilopoda, Scolopendromorpha): the first molecular data https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/33635/ ZooKeys 840: 133-155

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.840.33635

Authors: Arkady A. Schileyko, Evgeniya N. Solovyeva

Abstract: The taxonomic position of the monotypic Vietnamese genus Tonkinodentus Schileyko, 1992 (for T. lestes Schileyko, 1992) has been considered in the light of the first obtained molecular data. Both molecular (28S rRNA) and morphological data support the position of this extraordinary eye-less genus within the family Scolopendridae Leach, 1814, a sighted clade, and thus suggests the polyphyly of blind scolopendromorphs. The species diagnosis has been amended and color images of T. lestes provided for the first time.

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Research Article Wed, 17 Apr 2019 14:11:58 +0300
A new soil centipede from South-East Asia with a unique arrangement of ventral glands, and a revised synopsis of Gonibregmatidae (Chilopoda, Geophilomorpha) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/33131/ ZooKeys 838: 111-132

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.838.33131

Authors: Binh Thi Thanh Tran, Hoa Thi Xuan Tran, Lucio Bonato

Abstract: A new gonibregmatid centipede, Vinaphilus unicus gen. n., sp. n., is described based on two females from a single location in northern Vietnam. The new genus and species are distinguished mainly by the arrangement of the ventral pore-fields, which is unique among all Chilopoda. A critically revised synopsis of the Gonibregmatidae is also given. In particular, three species are provisionally recognized in Himatosoma Pocock, 1891: H. bidivisum Silvestri, 1919, H. porosum Pocock, 1891 (= H. typicum tridivisum Silvestri, 1919, syn. n.), and H. typicum Pocock, 1891. The genera Dschangelophilus Verhoeff, 1937 and Tweediphilus Verhoeff, 1937, with their species D. coloratus Verhoeff, 1937 and T. malaccanus Verhoeff, 1937, are moved to the Gonibregmatidae, whereas Geoporophilus aporus Attems, 1930 is moved to the Oryidae as Orphnaeus aporus (Attems, 1930), comb. n.

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Research Article Mon, 15 Apr 2019 03:50:24 +0300
A new species of the millipede genus Cryptocorypha Attems, 1907, from northern Thailand (Polydesmida, Pyrgodesmidae) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/32413/ ZooKeys 833: 121-132

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.833.32413

Authors: Natdanai Likhitrakarn, Sergei I. Golovatch, Ruttapon Srisonchai, Chirasak Sutcharit, Somsak Panha

Abstract: The millipede family Pyrgodesmidae and the genus Cryptocorypha are recorded from Thailand for the first time, being represented there by C. enghoffi sp. n. The new species is distinguished by the evident apicodorsal trichostele on the last tibia of both sexes and the gonopodal telopodite being particularly complex, quadripartite, consisting of the longest, mesal, suberect solenomere branch; a slightly shorter, similarly slender, acuminate endomere branch tightly appressed to the solenomere; a somewhat shorter, caudal, strongly curved, armed exomere process; and a very distinct, low, lateral, sac-shaped velum at their base. This situation strongly resembles the one observed in the geographically closest C. perplexa Golovatch & VandenSpiegel, 2015, from Myanmar, but the shapes and armament of all outgrowths of the gonopodal telopodite are clearly different. A key to all three Cryptocorypha pecies known from Indochina or Myanmar and an updated checklist of all 21 species of the genus are provided.

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Research Article Mon, 1 Apr 2019 01:26:06 +0300
A new species and a new record of the Southeast Asian millipede genus Antheromorpha Jeekel, 1968 (Polydesmida, Paradoxosomatidae) from Vietnam https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/32596/ ZooKeys 832: 77-89

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.832.32596

Authors: Natdanai Likhitrakarn, Sergei I. Golovatch, Irina Semenyuk, Somsak Panha

Abstract: Antheromorpha nguyeni sp. n. is described and illustrated from Kon Ka Kinh National Park, southern Vietnam. The new species is distinguished by a peculiar colour pattern showing a uniformly black-brown body contrasting with yellow-brown paraterga and epiproct, as well as in the pointed gonopodal process being unusually short, only approximately half as long as the solenophore. In addition, an identification key to all 13 presently known species, all mapped, is given. A new record of A. festiva is provided from southern Vietnam.

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Research Article Tue, 19 Mar 2019 18:14:17 +0200
A new species of the genus Arrup from a limestone cave in Akiyoshi-dai, Western Japan (Chilopoda, Geophilomorpha, Mecistocephalidae) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/33060/ ZooKeys 830: 33-51

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.830.33060

Authors: Sho Tsukamoto, Satoshi Shimano, Takashi Murakami, Shimpei F. Hiruta, Takeshi Yamasaki, Katsuyuki Eguchi

Abstract: Arrup akiyoshiensis Tsukamoto & Shimano, sp. n. is described from a limestone cave, Kagekiyo-ana, in Akiyoshi-dai, one of the largest karst regions in Japan, Yamaguchi prefecture. It is distinguishable from 14 valid named congeners by some unique characteristics including entire areolation on the cephalic pleurite, elongation of distal part of female gonopod, and a tubercle on forcipular segment II. In addition, the 18S rRNA gene sequences of A. akiyoshiensis Tsukamoto & Shimano, sp. n. and A. ishiianus, one of the most morphologically similar species, differed by four bp out of 1821 bp. The fact that only troglobionts and troglophilic species are found in the collection site suggests that this new species might be a cave-dweller.

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Research Article Thu, 14 Mar 2019 22:14:26 +0200
Lithobius (Ezembius) ternidentatus sp. n. (Lithobiomorpha, Lithobiidae), a new species from China https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/30884/ ZooKeys 829: 1-13

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.829.30884

Authors: Sujian Pei, Haipeng Liu, Yanmin Lu, Xiaojie Hou, Huiqin Ma

Abstract: Lithobius (Ezembius) ternidentatus sp. n. (Lithobiomorpha, Lithobiidae), recently discovered from Wuyuezhai Mountain, Lingshou County, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province, China, is described. Morphologically it resembles L. (E.) multispinipes Pei, Lu, Liu, Hou, Ma & Zapparoli, 2016, but can be easily distinguished from the latter by having a different sized Tömösváry’s organ, different numbers of ocelli, obvious differences in ventral plectrotaxy of legs 14, and tarsal articulation ill-defined on legs 1–13, well-defined on legs 14–15. The main morphological characters of the known Chinese species of the subgenus Ezembius Chamberlin, 1919 based on adult specimens is presented.

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Research Article Mon, 11 Mar 2019 11:15:00 +0200
Cambaloid millipedes of Tasmania, Australia, with remarks on family-level classification and descriptions of two new genera and four new species (Diplopoda, Spirostreptida) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/32969/ ZooKeys 827: 1-17

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.827.32969

Authors: Robert Mesibov

Abstract: The Southern Hemisphere cambaloid millipede genera are here assigned or re-assigned to the families Cambalidae Bollman, 1893 and Iulomorphidae Verhoeff, 1924. Tasmanocambala is erected for the three Tasmanian cambalids, T. greeni gen. n., sp. n. (type species), T. tasmanica sp. n. and T. taylori sp. n. The new genus is distinguished by a thin, transverse tab at the tip of the anterior gonopod telopodite with a comb of setae immediately behind the tab. The iulomorphid Talomius weldensis gen. n., sp. n. is described from a single site in Tasmania’s southern mountain district. The new species is unusual among the Australian Iulomorphidae in having a fully-developed, ambulatory leg 1 in the male, and small, compact gonopods.

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Research Article Tue, 5 Mar 2019 20:05:20 +0200
The Siberian centipede species Lithobius proximus Sseliwanoff, 1878 (Chilopoda, Lithobiomorpha): a new member of the Polish fauna https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/32250/ ZooKeys 821: 1-10

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.821.32250

Authors: Jolanta Wytwer, Karel Tajovský

Abstract: The centipede Lithobius proximus Sseliwanoff, 1878 is presented for the first time as a new member of the Polish fauna. This species, originally characterized as a widespread Siberian boreal species, seems to possess high plasticity with regards to environmental requirements. Its actual distribution range covers several geographical zones where local conditions have allowed it to survive. The present research in the Wigry National Park, northeast Poland, shows that its distribution extends to the ends of the East European Plain embracing the East Suwałki Lake District, where it occurs almost exclusively in the oak-hornbeam forests: in summer it is one of the three dominant lithobiomorph centipedes inhabiting litter layers.

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Research Article Thu, 31 Jan 2019 09:34:51 +0200
Myriapoda of Canada https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/29447/ ZooKeys 819: 169-186

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.819.29447

Authors: David W. Langor, Jeremy R. deWaard, Bruce A. Snyder

Abstract: The currently documented fauna of described species of myriapods in Canada includes 54 Chilopoda, 66 Diplopoda, 23 Pauropoda, and two Symphyla, representing increases of 24, 23, 23, and one species, respectively, since 1979. Of the 145 myriapod species currently documented, 40 species are not native to Canada. The myriapods have not been well documented with DNA barcodes and no barcodes are available for Pauropoda. It is conservatively estimated that at least 93 additional myriapods species will be discovered in Canada: Chilopoda (40), Diplopoda (29), Pauropoda (17), and Symphyla (seven). In general, there is a serious dearth of knowledge about myriapods in Canada, and systematics research and surveys continue to be needed to help document the diversity and distribution of these groups in the country.

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Review Article Thu, 24 Jan 2019 18:00:09 +0200
Phylogenetic and morphological discord indicates introgressive hybridisation in two genera of Australian millipedes (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Paradoxosomatidae) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/30087/ ZooKeys 809: 1-14

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.809.30087

Authors: Peter Decker

Abstract: Discord between molecular and morphological datasets was observed in two pairs of species of Australian millipedes in the family Paradoxosomatidae using morphological and molecular phylogenetic analysis (mitochondrial COI rDNA and 16 rRNA, and nuclear 28S rRNA). Close to the presumed distributional boundary between Pogonosternum nigrovirgatum (Carl, 1912) and Pogonosternum jeekeli Decker, 2017, near Dargo in Central Gippsland, Victoria, Pogonosternum specimens were collected which are phylogenetically closer to P. jeekeli in COI and 16S sequences, but are morphologically closer to P. nigrovirgatum. At Mount Osmond, Adelaide, South Australia, eight morphologically typical Somethus castaneus (Attems, 1944) specimens were collected are phylogenetically closer to S. castaneus in 28S genealogy, but three of the eight are closer to S. lancearius Jeekel, 2002 in COI genealogy. These two cases are discussed in terms of hybridisation, past introgressive hybridisation events and aberrant morphology.

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Research Article Wed, 19 Dec 2018 14:58:14 +0200
A revision of dragon millipedes IV: the new genus Spinaxytes, with the description of nine new species (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Paradoxosomatidae) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/29510/ ZooKeys 797: 19-69

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.797.29510

Authors: Ruttapon Srisonchai, Henrik Enghoff, Natdanai Likhitrakarn, Somsak Panha

Abstract: Nine new species constituting the ‘spiny’ group of dragon millipedes are assigned to the new genus Spinaxytes Srisonchai, Enghoff & Panha, gen. n. Seven new species are described from Thailand: S. biloba Srisonchai, Enghoff & Panha, sp. n. and S. palmata Srisonchai, Enghoff & Panha, sp. n. from Surat Thani Province, S. hasta Srisonchai, Enghoff & Panha, sp. n. from Chumphon Province, S. krabiensis Srisonchai, Enghoff & Panha, sp. n. (type species) and S. sutchariti Srisonchai, Enghoff & Panha, sp. n. from Krabi Province, S. uncus Srisonchai, Enghoff & Panha, sp. n., and S. macaca Srisonchai, Enghoff & Panha, sp. n. from Phang Nga Province; as well as one from Malaysia, S. tortioverpa Srisonchai, Enghoff & Panha, sp. n., and one from Myanmar, S. efefi Srisonchai, Enghoff & Panha, sp. n. The new genus is endemic to South Myanmar, South Thailand, and Malaysia, and all new species are restricted to limestone habitats. All were exclusively found living on humid rock walls and/or inside small caves. Complete illustrations of external morphological characters, an identification key, and a distribution map are provided.

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Research Article Mon, 19 Nov 2018 18:52:46 +0200
Australobius tracheoperspicuus sp. n., the first subterranean species of centipede from southern China (Lithobiomorpha, Lithobiidae) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/28036/ ZooKeys 795: 83-91

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.795.28036

Authors: Qing Li, Su-jian Pei, Xuan Guo, Hui-qin Ma, Hui-ming Chen

Abstract: Australobius tracheoperspicuus sp. n. (Lithobiomorpha: Lithobiidae) was recently discovered from the Cave of the brickyard of Gaofeng village, in the Guizhou Province, southwest China, and it is described here. Morphologically the new species is similar to A. magnus (Trozina>, 1894) from north-western China. The new species can be easily distinguished from those by the trachea connected to the valve of the TIII clearly visible from the dorsal side, the absence of ocelli on each side of the cephalic plate, the DaC spine being only present on the XIIIth–XVth legs. Numbers of examined specimens, distribution and the main morphological characters and an identification key to the known Chinese species of genus Australobius based on adult specimens is given.

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Research Article Thu, 8 Nov 2018 19:05:27 +0200
First continental troglobiont Cylindroiulus millipede (Diplopoda, Julida, Julidae) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/27619/ ZooKeys 795: 93-103

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.795.27619

Authors: Ana Sofia P.S. Reboleira, Henrik Enghoff

Abstract: The new species of millipede Cylindroiulus villumi is described from a cave in the Estremenho karst massif in central Portugal. It is the first cave-adapted species of its genus with a strict subterranean life-style in continental Europe, and is the fifth blind species of the genus. The new species is illustrated with photographs and diagrammatic drawings. It is tentatively placed in the purely Iberian Cylindroiulus perforatus-group. The differences between the new species and its relatives are discussed, as well as its adaptations to a subterranean life-style.

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Research Article Thu, 8 Nov 2018 14:34:41 +0200
The first record of the anopsobiid genus Shikokuobius Shinohara, 1982 in continental Asia, with the description of a new species from the Altais, southwestern Siberia, Russia (Chilopoda, Lithobiomorpha, Anopsobiidae) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/29221/ ZooKeys 793: 15-28

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.793.29221

Authors: Gyulli Sh. Farzalieva, Pavel S. Nefediev

Abstract: A new lithobiomorph species, Shikokuobius altaicus sp. n., is described from the Altai Mountains in southwestern Siberia, Russia. This is the first record of the genus Shikokuobius Shinohara, 1982 in continental Asia, all previous reports being from Japan. The distribution of Shikokuobius is mapped.

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Research Article Mon, 29 Oct 2018 22:35:52 +0200
A synopsis of Estonian myriapod fauna (Myriapoda: Chilopoda, Diplopoda, Symphyla and Pauropoda) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/28050/ ZooKeys 793: 63-96

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.793.28050

Authors: Kaarel Sammet, Mari Ivask, Olavi Kurina

Abstract: The data on Estonian Myriapoda are scattered in various publications and there has been no overview of the fauna up to the present. A critical summary of the previous information on Estonian Myriapoda is given, supplemented by new records and distribution maps. Altogether, 5784 specimens from 276 collecting sites were studied. To the hitherto recorded 14 centipede species are added Lithobius melanops, L. microps, Geophilus carpophagus, G. flavus, Strigamia transsilvanica and Stenotaenia linearis, a probably introduced species. Of the 27 published Estonian millipede species, the data on two species proved erroneous, and two new species were recorded (Craspedosoma raulinsii and Cylindroiulus britannicus). Two previously recorded millipede species – Brachyiulus pusillus and Mastigophorophyllon saxonicum – were not found in the recent samples, the latter may have become more rare or extinct. Pauropoda and Symphyla lack previous reliable records. Combined with published data, the number of myriapod species known from Estonia is now set at 52. Some changes in species distribution and frequencies were detected comparing the published data with new records. Some data about habitat preferences of the more common species are also given. The majority of species have a western Palaearctic distribution, while six species are at the northern limit of their ranges.

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Checklist Mon, 29 Oct 2018 18:03:44 +0200
First record of Scolopendrellopsis from China with the description of a new species (Myriapoda, Symphyla) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/27356/ ZooKeys 789: 103-113

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.789.27356

Authors: Ya-Li Jin, Yun Bu

Abstract: The genus Scolopendrellopsis Bagnall, 1913 is recorded from China for the first time and Scolopendrellopsis glabrus sp. n. is described and illustrated. The new species is characterized by the short central rod on head, third tergite complete, four kinds of sensory organs present on antenna, and the cerci rather short and covered with a low number of straight setae.

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Research Article Wed, 10 Oct 2018 10:24:10 +0300
A review of the family Trichopolydesmidae in North Africa with a description of a new species from Tunisia https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/28270/ ZooKeys 786: 117-128

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.786.28270

Authors: Nesrine Akkari, Jean-Paul Mauriès

Abstract: A new species of the genus Haplocookia Brölemann, 1915 is described from Cap Bon Peninsula in Tunisia (North Africa) and a historical account of the poorly understood genera Haplocookia and Heterocookia Silvestri, 1898 is provided. Comments on the taxonomy of the family Trichopolydesmidae are presented, as well as an identification key to the trichopolydesmid species hitherto known from North Africa and an updated list of the Polydesmida in the region.

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Research Article Wed, 26 Sep 2018 11:04:05 +0300
Cryptic diversity in Andrognathus corticarius Cope, 1869 and description of a new Andrognathus species from New Mexico (Diplopoda, Platydesmida, Andrognathidae) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/27631/ ZooKeys 786: 19-41

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.786.27631

Authors: Patricia L. Shorter, Derek A. Hennen, Paul E. Marek

Abstract: Andrognathus is a genus of small, thin-bodied millipedes found in deciduous forests of North America. Poorly understood, these organisms inhabit decaying wood and have morphologically conserved and difficult-to-identify sexual characters that have limited study historically. Recent use of scanning electron microscopy has uncovered variation in male genitalia that was previously unknown in the genus. The distribution of Andrognathus and the extent of this variability across the continent, however, were undocumented, and a wealth of natural history collections remained uncatalogued. Here a new species of Andrognathus is described from New Mexico, Andrognathus grubbsi sp. n., natural history collections are utilized to create a comprehensive map of the genus, and a neotype established for the type species, Andrognathus corticarius Cope, 1869. Analysis of the cytochrome oxidase I gene (COI) for A. corticarius was completed for the type series and individuals across the species distribution, but little variation was found. Andrognathus grubbsi sp. n. joins A. corticarius and A. hoffmani Shear & Marek, 2009 as the only members of the genus.

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Research Article Tue, 25 Sep 2018 15:46:10 +0300
Two new species of the millipede genus Metonomastus Attems, 1937 from the Balkan Peninsula (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Paradoxosomatidae) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/28386/ ZooKeys 786: 43-57

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.786.28386

Authors: Dragan Antić, Boyan Vagalinski, Pavel Stoev, Sergei Golovatch

Abstract: In addition to the eleven previously known species of the Mediterranean genus Metonomastus, two more species are described: M. petrovi sp. n., from the Rhodopi Mts. and Bunardzhik Hill in Bulgaria, and M. radjai sp. n., from the island of Mljet in Croatia. The relationships between the congeners and their distributions are briefly discussed. All 13 species of the genus are keyed.

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Research Article Tue, 25 Sep 2018 11:06:12 +0300
Trichopolydesmidae from Cameroon, 1: The genus Hemisphaeroparia Schubart, 1955. With a genus-level reclassification of Afrotropical genera of the family (Diplopoda, Polydesmida) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/27422/ ZooKeys 785: 49-98

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.785.27422

Authors: S. I. Golovatch, A. R. Nzoko Fiemapong, J. L. Tamesse, J.-P. Mauriès, D. VandenSpiegel

Abstract: In addition to one of the two species of Trichopolydesmidae hitherto recorded from Cameroon, Polydesmus integratus Porat, 1894, which is revised based on type material and shown to represent the genus Hemisphaeroparia Schubart, 1955, comb. n., 12 new species from the same genus are described from that country: H. zamakoe sp. n., H. bangoulap sp. n., H. spiniger sp. n., H. ongot sp. n., H. digitifer sp. n., H. parva sp. n., H. fusca sp. n., H. bonakanda sp. n., H. bamboutos sp. n., H. subfalcata sp. n., H. falcata sp. n. and H. mouanko sp. n. A key to all 13 species (of Hemisphaeroparia) known to occur in Cameroon is presented, and their distributions are mapped. All ten recognizable (but excluding two dubious) Afrotropical genera or subgenera of Trichopolydesmidae are rediagnosed and reclassified, based both on their type species and a presumed scenario of gonopodal evolution. As a result, the number of accepted genera is reduced to five: Sphaeroparia Attems, 1909 (= Megaloparia Brolemann, 1920), Physetoparia Brolemann, 1920 (= Elgonicola Attems, 1939, syn. n., = Mabocus Chamberlin, 1951, syn. n., = Heterosphaeroparia Schubart, 1955, syn. n.}, Eburodesmus Schubart, 1955, Mecistoparia Brolemann, 1926 (= Dendrobrachypus Verhoeff, 1941, syn. n.), and Hemisphaeroparia.

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Research Article Wed, 19 Sep 2018 21:45:54 +0300
Two new species of Lithobius on Qinghai-Tibetan plateau identified from morphology and COI sequences (Lithobiomorpha: Lithobiidae) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/28580/ ZooKeys 785: 11-28

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.785.28580

Authors: Penghai Qiao, Wen Qin, Huiqin Ma, Tongzuo Zhang, Jianping Su, Gonghua Lin

Abstract: Lithobius (Ezembius) longibasitarsussp. n. and Lithobius (Ezembius) datongensissp. n. (Lithobiomorpha: Lithobiidae), recently discovered from Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, China, are described. A key to the species of the subgenus Ezembius in China is presented. The partial mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I barcoding gene was amplified and sequenced for eight individuals of the two new species and the dataset was used for molecular phylogenetic analysis and genetic distance determination. Both morphology and molecular data show that the specimens examined should be referred to Lithobius (Ezembius).

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Research Article Thu, 13 Sep 2018 18:24:58 +0300
A revision of dragon millipedes I: genus Desmoxytes Chamberlin, 1923, with the description of eight new species (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Paradoxosomatidae) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/24214/ ZooKeys 761: 1-177

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.761.24214

Authors: Ruttapon Srisonchai, Henrik Enghoff, Natdanai Likhitrakarn, Somsak Panha

Abstract: The dragon millipede genus Desmoxytes s.l. is split into five genera, based on morphological characters and preliminary molecular phylogenetic analyses. The present article includes a review of Desmoxytes s.s., while future articles will deal with Hylomus Cook and Loomis, 1924 and three new genera which preliminarily are referred to as the ‘acantherpestes’, ‘gigas’, and ‘spiny’ groups. Diagnostic morphological characters of each group are discussed. Hylomus is resurrected as a valid genus and the following 33 species are assigned to it: H. asper (Attems, 1937), comb. n., H. cattienensis (Nguyen, Golovatch & Anichkin, 2005), comb. n., H. cervarius (Attems, 1953), comb. n., H. cornutus (Zhang & Li, 1982), comb. n., H. draco Cook & Loomis, 1924, stat. rev., H. enghoffi (Nguyen, Golovatch & Anichkin, 2005), comb. n., H. eupterygotus (Golovatch, Li, Liu & Geoffroy, 2012), comb. n., H. getuhensis (Liu, Golovatch & Tian, 2014), comb. n., H. grandis (Golovatch, VandenSpiegel & Semenyuk, 2016), comb. n., H. hostilis (Golovatch & Enghoff, 1994), comb. n., H. jeekeli (Golovatch & Enghoff, 1994), comb. n., H. lingulatus (Liu, Golovatch & Tian, 2014), comb. n., H. laticollis (Liu, Golovatch & Tian, 2016), comb. n., H. longispinus (Loksa, 1960), comb. n., H. lui (Golovatch, Li, Liu & Geoffroy, 2012), comb. n., H. minutuberculus (Zhang, 1986), comb. n., H. nodulosus (Liu, Golovatch & Tian, 2014), comb. n., H. parvulus (Liu, Golovatch & Tian, 2014), comb. n., H. phasmoides (Liu, Golovatch & Tian, 2016), comb. n., H. pilosus (Attems, 1937), comb. n., H. proximus (Nguyen, Golovatch & Anichkin, 2005), comb. n., H. rhinoceros (Likhitrakarn, Golovatch & Panha, 2015), comb. n., H. rhinoparvus (Likhitrakarn, Golovatch & Panha, 2015), comb. n., H. scolopendroides (Golovatch, Geoffroy & Mauriès, 2010), comb. n., H. scutigeroides (Golovatch, Geoffroy & Mauriès, 2010), comb. n., H. similis (Liu, Golovatch & Tian, 2016), comb. n., H. simplex (Golovatch, VandenSpiegel & Semenyuk, 2016), comb. n., H. simplipodus (Liu, Golovatch & Tian, 2016), comb. n., H. specialis (Nguyen, Golovatch & Anichkin, 2005), comb. n., H. spectabilis (Attems, 1937), comb. n., H. spinitergus (Liu, Golovatch & Tian, 2016), comb. n., H. spinissimus (Golovatch, Li, Liu & Geoffroy, 2012), comb. n. and H. variabilis (Liu, Golovatch & Tian, 2016), comb. n. Desmoxytes s.s. includes the following species: D. breviverpa Srisonchai, Enghoff & Panha, 2016; D. cervina (Pocock,1895); D. delfae (Jeekel, 1964); D. des Srisonchai, Enghoff & Panha, 2016; D. pinnasquali Srisonchai, Enghoff & Panha, 2016; D. planata (Pocock, 1895); D. purpurosea Enghoff, Sutcharit & Panha, 2007; D. takensis Srisonchai, Enghoff & Panha, 2016; D. taurina (Pocock, 1895); D. terae (Jeekel, 1964), all of which are re-described based mainly on type material. Two new synonyms are proposed: Desmoxytes pterygota Golovatch & Enghoff, 1994, syn. n. (= Desmoxytes cervina (Pocock, 1895)), Desmoxytes rubra Golovatch & Enghoff, 1994, syn. n. (= Desmoxytes delfae (Jeekel, 1964)). Six new species are described from Thailand: D. aurata Srisonchai, Enghoff & Panha, sp. n., D. corythosaurus Srisonchai, Enghoff & Panha, sp. n., D. euros Srisonchai, Enghoff & Panha, sp. n., D. flabella Srisonchai, Enghoff & Panha, sp. n., D. golovatchi Srisonchai, Enghoff & Panha, sp. n., D. octoconigera Srisonchai, Enghoff & Panha, sp. n., as well as one from Malaysia: D. perakensis Srisonchai, Enghoff & Panha, sp. n., and one from Myanmar: D. waepyanensis Srisonchai, Enghoff & Panha, sp. n. The species can mostly be easily distinguished by gonopod structure in combination with other external characters; some cases of particularly similar congeners are discussed. All species of Desmoxytes s.s. seem to be endemic to continental Southeast Asia (except the ‘tramp’ species D. planata). Some biological observations (relationship with mites, moulting) are recorded for the first time. Complete illustrations of external morphological characters, an identification key, and distribution maps of all species are provided.

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Research Article Tue, 29 May 2018 01:08:40 +0300
Two new species of the millipede family Cambalopsidae from Myanmar (Diplopoda, Spirostreptida) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/24837/ ZooKeys 760: 55-71

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.760.24837

Authors: Natdanai Likhitrakarn, Sergei I. Golovatch, Ruttapon Srisonchai, Franck Brehier, Aung Lin, Chirasak Sutcharit, Somsak Panha

Abstract: Two new species of cave-dwelling millipedes are described from Myanmar, one each in the genera Plusioglyphiulus Silvestri, 1923 and Trachyjulus Peters, 1864. Plusioglyphiulus digitiformis sp. n. joins the small peculiar group of congeners from Thailand which is characterized by such plesiomorphies as the tergal crests on the collum and following metaterga being transversely divided into two, not three parts, as in species of the genus Glyphiulus Gervais, 1847. However, this new species differs by the 3-segmented telopodites of ♂ legs 1, the anterior gonopodal coxosternum showing higher and nearly straight apicomesal processes and very evident apicolateral teeth, as well as the higher and acuminate paramedian coxal processes of the posterior gonopods, the latter’s telopodites demonstrating an apical fovea bearing a group of microsetae at the bottom. Trachyjulus bifidus sp. n. is primarily distinguished by the telopodites of their anterior gonopods being strikingly and deeply bifid. A key to the five species of Cambalopsidae currently known to occur in Myanmar is presented, and a map showing their distributions given.

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Review Article Mon, 28 May 2018 09:50:10 +0300
A new, alpine species of Lissodesmus Chamberlin, 1920 from Tasmania, Australia (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Dalodesmidae) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/25704/ ZooKeys 754: 103-111

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.754.25704

Authors: Robert Mesibov

Abstract: Lissodesmus nivalis sp. n. is described from 1450–1550 m elevation on the treeless, alpine Ben Lomond plateau in northeast Tasmania, Australia. The new species is distinguished from all other Tasmanian and Victorian Lissodesmus species by a unique combination of gonopod telopodite features: solenomere without a pre-apical process, tibiotarsus Y-shaped, femoral process L-shaped with forked tips, prefemoral process with a long comb of teeth below an irregularly dentate apical margin, and a roughened “shoulder process” near the base of the prefemoral process.

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Research Article Thu, 3 May 2018 14:30:06 +0300
Study on the Pauropoda from Tibet, China. Part I. The genera Decapauropus and Hemipauropus (Myriapoda) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/24210/ ZooKeys 754: 33-46

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.754.24210

Authors: Chang-Yuan Qian, Yun Bu, Yan Dong, Yun-Xia Luan

Abstract: Three new species of family Pauropodidae: Decapauropus biconjugarus Qian & Bu, sp. n., D. tibeticus Qian & Bu, sp. n. and Hemipauropus quadrangulus Qian & Bu, sp. n. are described and illustrated from southeastern Tibet, China. The genus Hemipauropus is recorded for the first time from China. This is the second report of pauropods from Tibet.

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Research Article Mon, 30 Apr 2018 14:17:59 +0300
Occurrence of the millipede genus Tonkinosoma Jeekel, 1953 in China, with the description of the first presumed troglobitic species of this genus (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Paradoxosomatidae) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/23471/ ZooKeys 742: 23-34

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.742.23471

Authors: Weixin Liu, Sergei Golovatch

Abstract: The genus Tonkinosoma Jeekel, 1953 has hitherto been known to contain only two species, both from northern Vietnam. T. flexipes Jeekel, 1953, the type species of the genus, is recorded from Guangxi, southern China, for the first time. T. tiani sp. n., a presumed troglobite, is described from caves in Guizhou, southwestern China. A key is presented to all three species of the genus.

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Research Article Mon, 12 Mar 2018 14:44:17 +0200
Millipede and centipede assemblages on the northern and southern slopes of the lowland Altais, southwestern Siberia, Russia (Diplopoda, Chilopoda) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/21936/ ZooKeys 741: 219-254

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.741.21936

Authors: Pavel S. Nefediev, Gyulli Sh. Farzalieva, Ivan H. Tuf, Khozhiakbar Kh. Nedoev, Saparmurad T. Niyazov

Abstract: The total species richness in the myriapod assemblages of the lowland Altais near Charyshskoe Village, Altai Province, southwestern Siberia, Russia is estimated to be at least 19 species from ten genera, eight families, five orders, and two classes. The following species are new to SW Siberia: Lithobius (Ezembius) ostiacorum Stuxberg, 1876, L. vagabundus Stuxberg, 1876, and L. (Monotarsobius) nordenskioeldii Stuxberg, 1876, while L. (E.) proximus Sseliwanoff, 1880 and L. (M.) insolens Dányi & Tuf, 2012 are recorded for the first time from the Altai Province of Russia. A species of Strigamia which is morphologically similar to Strigamia cf. transsilvanica (Verhoeff, 1928) has been found in the study area but its true specific identity is yet to be determined. The seasonal dynamics of myriapod assemblages in terms of the species diversity, density, sex-age structure, and vertical distribution along the soil profile have been studied with regard to the different slope exposures.

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Research Article Wed, 7 Mar 2018 22:59:22 +0200