Latest Articles from ZooKeys Latest 31 Articles from ZooKeys https://zookeys.pensoft.net/ Thu, 28 Mar 2024 12:28:34 +0200 Pensoft FeedCreator https://zookeys.pensoft.net/i/logo.jpg Latest Articles from ZooKeys https://zookeys.pensoft.net/ A new genus and species of oceanic planktonic Tisbidae (Crustacea, Copepoda, Harpacticoida) with enlarged modified eyes https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/114974/ ZooKeys 1191: 307-338

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1191.114974

Authors: Sota Komeda, Susumu Ohtsuka, Rony Huys

Abstract: Both sexes of a new monotypic genus of Tisbidae (Copepoda, Harpacticoida) are described from the epi- or mesopelagic zone in the Kuroshio region, Japan. Gyorome guttatum gen. et sp. nov. belongs to a monophyletic lineage of deepwater holoplanktonic genera defined by a suite of characters. Within this clade, Gyorome gen. nov. appears most closely related to Neotisbella Boxshall, 1979. The most distinguishable feature of G. guttatum gen. et sp. nov. is the presence of large, paired, frontal modified eyes, each consisting of a baculiform ocellus, a globular (Gicklhorn’s?) organ, and a semi-parabolic plate. The taxonomic position of Tisbe spinulosa Bradford & Wells, 1983 is discussed and a key to the six meso- and bathypelagic tisbid species is provided. Confusion surrounding earlier literature reports of supernumerary elements on the caudal ramus in some harpacticoid taxa is clarified. Secondary modifications of ocellar components of the typical naupliar eye in the Harpacticoida are reviewed. It is suggested that the development of specialized eyes in G. guttatum gen. et sp. nov. may provide a means for detecting bioluminescent food particles in oligotrophic pelagic environments. The large, vaulted prosome indicates the species is an opportunistic macrophage that has adopted gorging as a feeding strategy.

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Research Article Thu, 15 Feb 2024 17:42:18 +0200
Taxonomic revision of the Nitocra affinis Gurney, 1927 species complex (Harpacticoida, Ameiridae) with descriptions of four new species and re-evaluation of its subspecies https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/115545/ ZooKeys 1191: 35-74

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1191.115545

Authors: Nuran Özlem Yıldız, Süphan Karaytuğ

Abstract: Due to the recent increasing importance of microcharacters in copepod taxonomy, it has become evident that many species lacking detailed descriptions actually constitute to a species complex. In this study, Nitocra affinis is redescribed based on lectotype material from Lake Timsah (Egypt) which facilitated a thorough detailed comparison with specimens of N. affinis recorded from distantly related localities. The results unequivocally revealed that the specimens of N. affinis examined in this study belong to a different species. As a result, four new species, Nitocra sonmezi sp. nov. and Nitocra serdarsaki sp. nov. from the Turkish coast, Nitocra alperi sp. nov. from the Indian Ocean, and Nitocra loweae sp. nov. from Brighton, England are herein described as new to science. On the other hand, all subspecies of N. affinis, namely N. affinis rijekana Petkovski, 1954, N. affinis californica Lang, 1965, N. affinis stygia, Por. 1968, and N. affinis colombiensis Fuentes-Reinés & Suárez-Morales, 2014 are elevated to species rank. An updated key the species of the affinis group is also provided.

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Research Article Wed, 7 Feb 2024 09:25:39 +0200
A new species of Rhyncholagena Lang, 1944 (Copepoda, Harpacticoida, Miraciidae) from Palau https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/109288/ ZooKeys 1180: 181-199

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1180.109288

Authors: Jisu Yeom, Wonchoel Lee

Abstract: A new species of Miraciidae Dana, 1846, Rhyncholagena cuspis sp. nov., was described from Palau. Morphological descriptions and gene fragment sequence barcoding were performed on the 11th species of Rhyncholagena Lang, 1944 collected from sandy sediment samples in the subtidal zone of the Philippine Sea, Palau. Morphological characteristics were compared and an updated identification key was provided. A new species, Rhyncholagena cuspis sp. nov., was found to be morphologically similar to Rhyncholagena littoralis Por, 1967 and R. bermudensis Malt, 1990. This is the first record of the genus Rhyncholagena in Palau. The study provides basic data for future studies and highlights the need for continued exploration of marine biodiversity in Palau and other regions.

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Research Article Wed, 20 Sep 2023 15:38:46 +0300
Two new species of Cerviniella Smirnov, 1946 (Copepoda, Harpacticoida, Aegisthidae) from the Yellow Sea, Korea https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/105407/ ZooKeys 1178: 165-189

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1178.105407

Authors: Kyuhee Cho, Jong Guk Kim, Jimin Lee

Abstract: Two new species, Cerviniella bisegmenta sp. nov. and C. permixta sp. nov., are described in detail with illustrations based on females from the Korean Yellow Sea. These species lacking the fourth leg endopod belong to the mirabilipes group, one of two species groups within the genus Cerviniella Smirnov, 1946. Both species can be distinguished from each other by the surface ornamentation of the cephalothorax, shape of the rostrum tip, antennule segments, armature formula of thoracic legs 1–4, and length ratio of the caudal rami. Cerviniella bisegmenta sp. nov. is characterized by a short caudal ramus and a two-segmented antennary exopod, which are unique within the genus. Cerviniella permixta sp. nov. differs from other congeners of the mirabilipes group by the seven-segmented antennule, the armature formulae of the exopod of the antenna and thoracic legs 1–4, and the modified apical inner element of the second endopodal segment of the second leg. The present study is the first to identify the genus Cerviniella in Korean waters, resulting in extension of its distribution area to East Asia.

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Research Article Thu, 7 Sep 2023 12:49:08 +0300
A new species of Cletocamptus Schmankevitsch, 1875 (Copepoda, Harpacticoida, Canthocamptidae) from Rayong Province, Eastern Thailand https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/96715/ ZooKeys 1151: 1-29

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1151.96715

Authors: Chaichat Boonyanusith, Koraon Wongkamhaeng

Abstract: Cletocamptus thailandensis sp. nov. was discovered in a water body at the base of a small mountain near the Phang Rat River Delta in Rayong Province, Eastern Thailand. The new species resembles C. goenchim Gómez, Ingole, Sawant & Singh, 2013 and C. koreanus Chang, 2013, but it can be distinguished from these two species based on the armament of the endopodal lobe of the male P5, ornamentations of the abdominal segments, the caudal ramus, the male P3Endp-3, and the relative length of the aesthetasc on the fourth segment of the female antennule. According to the combinations of certain female characteristics, including the number of setae on the P3Endp-2, the relative length of the caudal ramus, the relative length of the inner apical seta on the P3Endp-2, the shape of the P5, and the number of setae on the P3Exp-2, five groups of the Cletocamptus species can be defined.

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Research Article Tue, 28 Feb 2023 19:12:48 +0200
Two new species of Bryocamptus (Copepoda, Harpacticoida, Canthocamptidae) from the Russian Arctic and comparison with Bryocamptus minutus (Claus, 1863) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/90580/ ZooKeys 1138: 89-141

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1138.90580

Authors: Aleksandr Novikov, Dayana Sharafutdinova, Elena Chertoprud

Abstract: Two new species of Bryocamptus Chappuis, 1929 from the Russian Arctic from the Bryocamptus minutus species group are described: Bryocamptus putoranus sp. nov. and Bryocamptus abramovae sp. nov. A complete morphological comparison of the new species with the type species Bryocamptus minutus (Claus, 1863) was carried out. Significant interspecific differences were shown at the level of microcharacters, such as integumental sensillae and pores, ornamentation of segments of mouthparts and swimming legs, and pores on swimming legs. A significant correlation has also been shown in the shape of the caudal rami of the females and the antennules of the males, which is likely caused by an evolutionary sexual arms race. Bryocamptus putoranus sp. nov. and B. minutus have a similar structure of caudal rami, but completely different male antennules, which may indicate a convergent origin of modifications and highlights the importance of depicting male antennules in the species descriptions.

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Research Article Thu, 5 Jan 2023 17:07:16 +0200
A new species of Nitokra Boeck, 1865 (Copepoda, Harpacticoida, Ameiridae) from the Caribbean coast of Colombia https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/86210/ ZooKeys 1128: 111-127

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1128.86210

Authors: Juan M. Fuentes-Reinés, Eduardo Suárez-Morales, Marcelo Silva-Briano

Abstract: Biological samples obtained from a coastal system of northern Colombia yielded male and female specimens of an undescribed harpacticoid copepod of the diverse ameirid genus Nitokra Boeck, 1865. The new species is a member of the genus group III. We describe the new species based on adult male and female individuals. Nitokra puebloviejensis sp. nov., appears to be most closely related to N. vietnamensis Tran & Chang, 2012, but they can be separated by the following characters: 1) number of setal elements on second segment of mandibular palp, 2) P1ENP/EXP ratio, 3) relative lengths of P2, P3ENP/EXP, 4) number of elements on male P5EXP and ENP, and 5) segmentation of male antennule. In addition, N. puebloviejensis sp. nov. can be confused with two other congeners: N. taylori Gómez, Carrasco & Morales-Serna, 2012 from South Africa and Colombia and N. kastjanensis Kornev & Chertoprud, 2008 from the White Sea, but the new species can be distinguished from them by: 1) number of setae on the maxillule coxa, 2) P1ENP/EXP ratio, 3) P2,P3ENP/EXP ratio, 4) female and male P5 setophore, 5) setation pattern of female P5EXP and ENP, 6) structure of female P6, 7) ornamentation of female anal operculum, 8) number of setae on male P5EXP, and 9) the male antennule segmentation. Most importantly, the presence of a group of five short setae on the medial surface of the maxilliped syncoxa allows the new species to be readily distinguished from its congeners. Only two subspecies and one species of this genus have been hitherto recorded from Colombia. A key to the 23 known American species of Nitokra is provided.

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Research Article Tue, 8 Nov 2022 18:36:26 +0200
The genus Cletocamptus (Harpacticoida, Canthocamptidae): a reappraisal, with proposal of a new subfamily, a new genus, and a new species https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/71192/ ZooKeys 1080: 165-208

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1080.71192

Authors: Samuel Gómez, Beatriz Yáñez-Rivera

Abstract: A new species of Cletocamptus closely related to C. helobius was found in sediment samples taken from a polluted estuarine system in north-western Mexico. The genus Cletocamptus was relegated to species incertae sedis in 1986, and this finding prompted us to evaluate the current taxonomic position of the genus within the Canthocamptidae. The latter has been subdivided in several, seemingly unnatural subfamilies in the past to better understand the relationships between its constituent taxa. In this study we propose a new subfamily, the Cletocamptinae subfam. nov. for Amphibiperita, Cletocamptus, and Cletocamptoides gen. nov., defined by the synapomorphic subdistal ventral spinules on the rostrum. The genus Cletocamptoides gen. nov. is proposed for C. helobius, C. merbokensis, and C. biushelo sp. nov., and is supported by the ‘cletodid’ shape of the body and the reduced one-segmented endopod of the fourth swimming leg. Cletocamptus includes all the other species with long slender spinules on the posterior margin of prosomites and with the sexually modified inner spine on the second endopodal segment of the second swimming leg in the males. Amphibiperita retained the primitive female fifth leg with exopod and baseoendopod separated, and the primitive prehensile endopod of the first leg, but is defined by the loss of the antennary exopod. Other (syn)apomorphies are given, and the evolution of the mandibular palp is briefly discussed. Additionally, a diagnosis for the new subfamily, Cletocamptinae subfam. nov., an amended narrower diagnosis for Cletocamptus, the diagnosis for Cletocamptoides gen. nov., and a phylogenetic analysis supporting the proposal of these new taxa, are given.

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Research Article Fri, 7 Jan 2022 10:44:49 +0200
A new species of Esola Edwards, 1891 (Crustacea, Copepoda, Harpacticoida, Laophontidae) from the Caribbean coast of Colombia https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/73030/ ZooKeys 1074: 1-15

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1074.73030

Authors: Juan Manuel Fuentes-Reinés, Eduardo Suarez-Morales, Marcelo Silva-Briano

Abstract: A new species of the harpacticoid copepod genus Esola is described from specimens collected in Rodadero Beach, on Gaira Bay, on the Caribbean coast of Colombia. The species, E. wellsi sp. nov., is described, illustrated, and com­pared with its congeners. Esola wellsi sp. nov. differs from its known congeners in details of the armature of legs 1–4. It most closely resembles E. bulbifera (Norman, 1911) in the armature formula of P1–P5 but differs from the latter in several respects, including the female antennule segmentation (7-segmented in E. bulbifera but distinctly 6-segmented in E. wellsi sp. nov.) and in the shape and size of the male P3ENP2 apophysis, among other characters. This is the second species of the genus known from the Caribbean and the second record of Esola in the Northwestern Tropical Atlantic. The genus now contains eight species. A key to the known species of the genus is also included.

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Research Article Wed, 1 Dec 2021 17:17:50 +0200
Tigriopus iranicus sp. nov., a new species of Harpacticidae (Copepoda, Crustacea) from Iran, with a redescription of T. raki Bradford, 1967 https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/61584/ ZooKeys 1035: 115-144

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1035.61584

Authors: Fatemeh Nazari, Omid Mirshamsi, Pedro Martínez Arbizu

Abstract: The first representative of Tigriopus Norman, 1869 from the north-western Indian Ocean is described from rock pools on the Iranian coast. Tigriopus iranicus sp. nov. is distinguishable from its congeners by i) the possession of two maxillary endites, each with two setae; ii) a two-segmented mandibular endopod; iii) P1 enp-3 with one pinnate claw, a well-developed geniculate spine and a small seta; and iv) female P6 with two setae. Additionally, we present a complete redescription of Tigriopus raki Bradford, 1967 on the basis of paratype material and a key to the species of the genus.

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Research Article Tue, 27 Apr 2021 14:21:37 +0300
Revision of the genus Laophontodes T. Scott (Copepoda, Harpacticoida, Ancorabolidae), including the description of a new species and a key to species https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/56965/ ZooKeys 997: 17-46

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.997.56965

Authors: Kai Horst George, Linda Maria Anne Lehmanski, Terue Cristina Kihara

Abstract: The description of Laophontodes volkerlehmanskii sp. nov. (Copepoda, Harpacticoida, Laophontodinae Lang) from the deep sea of the Kairei Field, western Indian Ocean, prompted the examination of the phylogenetic status of Laophontodes T. Scott and the relationships within the genus. The allocation of L. volkerlehmanskii sp. nov. to Laophontodes based on diagnostic characters was relatively straightforward, yet phylogenetic analysis of the genus considering 39 morphological characters detected not a single autapomorphy. This indicates that Laophontodes, which seems to form a monophylum with Ancorabolina George and Bicorniphontodes George, Glatzel & Schröder, actually represents the stem-lineage, retaining the characters of the common ancestor without having developed unique derived morphological characters. Most of the 13 known species of Laophontodes can be characterised by distinct apomorphies. However, phylogenetic comparison highlights some uncertainties due to the apparent heterogeneous distribution of some derived characters across the species, the weakness of other features, and the fragmentary and inadequate description of several species, which, in combination with the unavailability of type material, prevents a detailed comparison of several phylogenetically relevant characters. Thus, the analysis presented here provides a further step towards understanding the systematic relationships of and within Laophontodes, rather than a conclusive answer. Nonetheless, a detailed character discussion and a key to species are given.

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Research Article Wed, 25 Nov 2020 13:02:12 +0200
A new species of Psammonitocrella Huys, 2009 (Copepoda, Harpacticoida, Ameiridae) from California (USA), with a discussion of the relationship between Psammonitocrella and Parastenocarididae https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/55034/ ZooKeys 996: 19-35

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.996.55034

Authors: Paulo Henrique Costa Corgosinho, Terue Cristina Kihara, Pedro Martínez Arbizu

Abstract: The freshwater harpacticoid Psammonitocrella kumeyaayi sp. nov. from the Nearctic Region (California; USA) is proposed. The position of the genus within Harpacticoida and its relationship with the Parastenocarididae is discussed. The new species can be included within Psammonitocrella on account of a) the cylindrical furca, longer than the telson, b) the unmodified inner spine on the basis of the male first leg, c) loss of the outer spine on the second exopodal segment of the first leg, d) loss of the outer spine of the third exopodal segment of the second, third, and fourth legs, e) loss of the inner apical seta on the third exopodal segment of the second and third legs, f) transformation of the inner apical seta of the third exopodal segment of the fourth leg into a spine, and g) loss of the endopodite of the fourth leg. The new species differs remarkably from P. boultoni, and P. longifurcata in the loss of the outer spine of the second exopodal segment of the fourth leg, in the presence of a one-segmented fifth leg exopodite, and in the presence of an outer seta on the basis of the first and second legs. Both Psammonitocrella and the known species of Parastenocarididae have a one-segmented endopod on the fourth leg, and the endopods of the second and third legs are reduced to one or two segments. Psammonitocrella is currently allocated into the Ameiridae, and evidence suggesting a sister-group relationship with Parastenocarididae—both share the loss of the inner seta on the first endopodal segment of the first leg—indicates that the Parastenocarididae should be included into the Ameiridae. In an evolutionary context, Parastenocarididae could have evolved from a lineage of freshwater ameirids that became interstitial in continental waters and colonized aquifers and groundwaters.

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Research Article Tue, 24 Nov 2020 10:14:11 +0200
On some new species of Stenheliinae Brady, 1880 (Copepoda, Harpacticoida, Miraciidae) from north-western Mexico, with the proposal of Lonchoeidestenhelia gen. nov. https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/52906/ ZooKeys 987: 41-79

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.987.52906

Authors: Samuel Gómez

Abstract: Quarterly sampling campaigns during 2019 to study the diversity of meiofauna in a polluted estuary in northwestern Mexico revealed the subfamily Stenheliinae Brady, 1880 as one of the most important contributors to the diversity of benthic harpacticoids. Two new stenheliin species are described here. One of them was assigned to the, so far, monotypic genus Lonchoeidestenhelia gen. nov. defined by the autapomorphic modified proximal outer spinules on the sigmoid process of the male P2 ENP2. The other species was assigned to Willenstenhelia Karanovic and Kim, 2014. Lonchoeidestenhelia gen. nov. shares the armature formula of the P1 EXP2 with Stenhelia, Anisostenhelia, and Beatricella, but seems to bear a sister-group relationship with the former two genera by the loss of one inner seta on the P2–P3 EXP3, the presence of two outer spine-like elements on the male P5 EXP, and the displacement of the outer spine and medial and inner distal setae of P2 ENP3, to an apical and subapical inner position, respectively, but is more closely related to Anisostenhelia by the overall shape of the male P2 ENP2. Willenstenhelia reducta sp. nov. is attributed to a group of species composed of Wi. minuta, Wi. urania, and Wi. terpsichore characterized by the strongly reduced inner seta of the female P5 baseoendopod, but differs in the discrete female P5 baseoendopods and in the presence of one outer seta only on that segment. Willenstenhelia reducta sp. nov. is defined here by the autapomorphic loss of the outermost seta of the female P5 baseoendopod.

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Research Article Fri, 6 Nov 2020 18:28:20 +0200
A new genus and species of Nannopodidae (Crustacea, Copepoda, Harpacticoida) from the Yellow Sea of South Korea https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/52252/ ZooKeys 984: 23-47

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.984.52252

Authors: Jong Guk Kim, Jimin Lee

Abstract: A new monospecific genus of the family Nannopodidae Brady, 1880 is proposed, based on specimens of both sexes of Concilicoxa hispida gen. et sp. nov. collected from subtidal sandy sediments in the Yellow Sea of South Korea. The presence of a coxal outer projection on the first to fourth legs and reduction of both rami of the second to fourth legs in this new genus show a clear relationship with a clade, which is characterised by the modified thoracopods for burrowing ability, comprising Huntemannia Poppe, 1884, Rosacletodes Wells, 1985, Laophontisochra George, 2002, Acuticoxa Huys & Kihara, 2010 and Talpacoxa Corgosinho, 2012 in Nannopodidae. Within this clade, C. hispida gen. et sp. nov. is most closely related to L. maryamae George, 2002 in having the prehensile endopod in the first leg, broad intercoxal sclerite on the second to fourth legs and the female fifth leg being composed of separate exopod and baseoendopod, but is distinguished by the absence of mandibular exopod, two-segmented mandibular endopod, presence of four setae on the distal exopodal segment of the first leg, and fusion of the intercoxal sclerite to the coxae in the third and fourth legs. These four features are considered as autapomorphies of the new genus. The possible relationship amongst members of the nannopodid clade is further discussed. Additionally, some comments on the taxonomic position of L. terueae Björnberg, 2014 are given, resulting in the transfer of the species to Acuticoxa as A. terueae comb. nov.

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Research Article Wed, 4 Nov 2020 16:06:10 +0200
Integrative description of Diosaccus koreanus sp. nov. (Hexanauplia, Harpacticoida, Miraciidae) and integrative information on further Korean species https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/49042/ ZooKeys 927: 1-35

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.927.49042

Authors: Byung-Jin Lim, Hyun Woo Bang, Heejin Moon, Jinwook Back

Abstract: A new species of Diosaccus Boeck, 1873 (Arthropoda, Hexanauplia, Harpacticoida) was recently discovered in Korean waters. The species was previously recognized as D. ezoensis Itô, 1974 in Korea but, here, is described as a new species, D. koreanus sp. nov., based on the following features: 1) second inner seta on exopod of fifth thoracopod apparently longest in female, 2) outer margin of distal endopodal segment of second thoracopod ornamented with long setules in male, 3) caudal seta VII located halfway from base of rami (vs. on anterior extremity in D. ezoensis), and 4) sixth thoracopod with three setae in female (vs. 2 setae in D. ezoensis). In addition, there is also a mitochondrial COI sequence difference of more than 19.93% with D. ezoensis registered in NCBI. A key to Diosaccus species of the world is also provided, and new morphological features and DNA sequences are presented for two other harpacticoid species, Parathalestris verrucosa Itô, 1970 and Peltidium quinquesetosum Song & Yun, 1999. In order to clearly identify harpacticoids at the species level, both morphological and DNA sequence characteristics should be considered.

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Research Article Thu, 16 Apr 2020 08:20:15 +0300
Description of two deep-water copepods of the genus Leptotachidia Becker from the northwestern Pacific (Harpacticoida, Pseudotachidiidae) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/34630/ ZooKeys 873: 133-153

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.873.34630

Authors: Jong Guk Kim, Ok Hwan Yu, Jimin Lee

Abstract: The monospecific genus Leptotachidia Becker, 1974 (Pseudotachidiidae Lang, 1936) was previously known only from the deep Atlantic. Female specimens of two unknown species of this genus were collected from abyssal sediments during an expedition to the northwestern Pacific on board research vessel ISABU (Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology) in November 2017. In this paper we describe the females of two new species, L. senaria sp. nov. and L. apousia sp. nov. The new species were attributed to the genus Leptotachidia by the combination of the five-segmented female antennule, presence of the Brodskaya organ on the distal antennulary segment, and the second exopodal segments of second to fourth legs without inner setae. An outstanding character of both Pacific species is the reduced armature of thoracic legs in contrast to the type species, L. iberica Becker, 1974. In addition, the setal armature of L. senaria sp. nov. and L. apousia sp. nov. is unique within the genus in that the female leg 5 of L. senaria sp. nov. has six elements instead of five; and the antennary exopod of L. apousia sp. nov. bears a single seta on the proximal segment instead of two. This is the first record of Leptotachidia from the Pacific. A key to all three species of Leptotachidia is provided.

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Research Article Thu, 29 Aug 2019 09:16:17 +0300
An annotated checklist of freshwater Copepoda (Crustacea, Hexanauplia) from continental Ecuador and the Galapagos Archipelago https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/36880/ ZooKeys 871: 55-77

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.871.36880

Authors: Paulo Henrique Costa Corgosinho, Maria Holynska, Federico Marrone, Luís José de Oliveira Geraldes-Primeiro, Edinaldo Nelson dos Santos-Silva, Gilmar Perbiche-Neves, Carlos Lopez

Abstract: An annotated checklist of the free-living freshwater Copepoda recorded in different regions in Ecuador (including the Amazon, the Andes, the coastal region, and the Galapagos Islands) is here provided. We revised all published records, critically evaluated the validity of each taxon and provided short taxonomic and biogeographical remarks for each one. A total of 27 taxa have been reported, including species and records at the generic level only. The species and taxa identified only up to the generic level belong to five families and 14 genera. The Cyclopoida is the most diverse group with 16 records belonging to species (or identified to the generic level only) and eight genera, followed by the Harpacticoida with six species, one identification to the generic level only, and four genera, and Calanoida with four species belonging to two genera. A total of 18 taxa are recorded for the Andes. Six have been recorded in the Amazon, two are recorded for the coastal region, and six for the Galapagos. One species is shared between the Amazon and the Andes. One species is shared between the coastal region and the Amazon. Seventeen are only reported from the Andes and four are only reported from the Amazon. At the current status of the knowledge, any attempt to analyze and generalize distributional patterns of copepods in Ecuador is premature due to the scarcity of available information, and evidently there is an urgent need for more extensive field collections. A few working hypothesis for future studies are identified.

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Checklist Mon, 12 Aug 2019 20:42:35 +0300
Discovery of a new species of the genus Stygepactophanes from a groundwater-fed spring in southern France (Crustacea, Copepoda, Harpacticoida, Canthocamptidae) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/29764/ ZooKeys 812: 69-91

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.812.29764

Authors: Diana M.P. Galassi, Frank Fiers, Marie-Josè Dole-Olivier, Barbara Fiasca

Abstract: A new species of the genus Stygepactophanes Moeschler & Rouch, 1984 (Copepoda, Harpacticoida, Canthocamptidae) is established to accommodate a small canthocamptid population collected from a spring system in the “Parc du Mercantour”, Var catchment, southern France. The population analysed in the present study is defined by a set of morphological characters of the female, namely a very large maxilliped, a rudimentary mandibular palp, P1 with 3-segmented exopod and 2-segmented endopod, a falcate terminal claw of the P1 endopod, dorsal seta of caudal rami inserted on the inner margin, and anal operculum not overreaching the insertion of the caudal rami, thus supporting its assignment into the genus Stygepactophanes. The new species Stygepactophanes occitanus shows marked differences with the nominotypical species of the genus that was originally described by monotypy with the species Stygepactophanes jurassicus Moeschler & Rouch, 1984. The main diagnostic traits of S. jurassicus are the absence of the P5 and a falcate outer terminal claw of P1 endopod. Stygepactophanes jurassicus also shows a reduced armature of the antennal exopod, bearing one seta, 1-segmented P2–P4 endopods, a reduced armature of P2–P4 exopodal segments 3 (3,4,4 armature elements, respectively), P6 bearing only one long seta, a rounded short and smooth anal operculum. Conversely the female of S. occitanus Galassi & Fiers, sp. n. has a well-developed P5, with rudimentary intercoxal sclerite, together with a falcate outer terminal claw of P1 endopod, antennal exopod bearing two elements, P4 endopod 1-segmented versus 2-segmented in P2–P3, P2–P4 exopodal segment 3 with five armature elements, P6 with three setae of different lengths, rounded anal operculum, bearing 3–4 strong spinules. According to our present knowledge, S. occitanus Galassi & Fiers, sp. n. is assigned to the genus Stygepactophanes as the most conservative solution, waiting for the male to be discovered. The genus Stygepactophanes represents a distinct lineage within the harpacticoid family Canthocamptidae that colonised southern European groundwater, the genus being known only from the saturated karst in Switzerland and a fissured saturated aquifer in southern France. Both species of the genus are stygobites and narrow endemics, the nominotypical species being known from the type locality Source de la Doux in Délemont (Switzerland), and S. occitanus Galassi & Fiers, sp. n. described herein from a spring system of the Var catchment (France).

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Research Article Thu, 3 Jan 2019 14:33:23 +0200
Onychocamptus Daday, 1903 from Thailand, with descriptions of two new species and two new records (Crustacea, Copepoda, Harpacticoida, Laophontidae) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/29253/ ZooKeys 810: 45-89

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.810.29253

Authors: Chaichat Boonyanusith, Thanida Saetang, Koraon Wongkamheng, Supiyanit Maiphae

Abstract: In this paper, two new species of Onychocamptus Daday, 1903 are described from Thailand: Onychocamptus satunensis sp. n. and Onychocamptus tratensis sp. n. The following features mainly distinguish O. satunensis sp. n. from known species: internal sausage-like and internal rounded structures on cephalothorax and one outer seta on the male P5 exopod that is as long as the supporting segment. In contrast, the cephalothorax of O. tratensis sp. n. is smooth but has rounded integumental window-like structures, and the outer seta on the male P5 exopod is two times as long as the supporting segment. Onychocamptus anomalus shows the highest similarity with the two new species, but in contrast to both Thai species, it has only one seta on the exopod of the antenna. In addition, in the present study, two additional species, O. bengalensis and O. vitiospinulosa, are newly recorded in Thailand. Thus, the number of Onychocamptus species recorded in Thailand increases to five species. A key to all known species of this genus in the world is also proposed.

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Research Article Thu, 20 Dec 2018 13:51:47 +0200
First report of the genus Rhyncholagena Lang, 1944 from the South China Sea, with the description of a new species (Crustacea, Copepoda, Harpacticoida, Miraciidae) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/24331/ ZooKeys 805: 15-31

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.805.24331

Authors: Lin Ma, Xin-zheng Li

Abstract: During analysis of sediment samples from South China Sea, a new species belonging to the genus Rhyncholagena Lang, 1944 was found and described here. Rhyncholagena paraspinifer sp. n. differs from its congeners by the following combined characteristics: body ornamented dorsally with at least one row of spinules on each somite except penultimate urosomite; A2 exopod two-segmented; P1 enp-2 with one inner seta; P3 exp-3 with two inner setae, P3 enp-2 with one inner seta; female P5 exopod with five setae; male P5 baseoendopod with two setae and exopod with four setae. This is the first report of the genus Rhyncholagena in the China seas. In addition, a key to all valid species of Rhyncholagena is given, along with tables of morphological characters of all valid species and their distributions.

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Research Article Tue, 11 Dec 2018 09:59:40 +0200
Philippiphonte aspidosoma gen. et sp. n., a radically divergent member of the Laophontidae from shell gravel in the East Sea, South Korea, including a review of Folioquinpes Fiers & Rutledge, 1990 (Copepoda, Harpacticoida) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/26404/ ZooKeys 775: 15-46

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.775.26404

Authors: Rony Huys, Jimin Lee

Abstract: The primarily marine subtidal family Laophontidae not only contains more valid genera than any other family in the Harpacticoida, it is also one of the most speciose ones in the order, currently accommodating 327 species and subspecies. Based on published records, 25 laophontid species in 12 genera have so far been reported from Korean waters. Here both sexes of a new genus and species of Laophontidae are described, collected from shell gravel off Dokdo Island in the East Sea. Philippiphonte aspidosoma gen. et sp. n. displays a radically divergent morphology, including an extreme dorsoventrally depressed body shape which is reminiscent of members of the family Porcellidiidae. The convergent evolution of dorsoventrally flattened body plans in the Harpacticoida is briefly discussed. The distribution and habitat preference of laophontid species recorded from the Korean peninsula are summarised. The authenticity of the Korean record of Folioquinpes mangalis Fiers & Rutledge, 1990 from washings of invertebrates and intertidal stones from Jeju Island is reassessed in the light of a discussion of the genus. Folioquinpes pseudomangalis sp. n. and F. indicus sp. n. are proposed as new species for Folioquinpes mangalis Fiers & Rutledge, 1990 sensuKim (2013) and Laophonte chathamensis Sars, 1905 sensuSewell (1924), respectively. A key to species of Folioquinpes Fiers & Rutledge, 1990 is provided.

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Research Article Tue, 17 Jul 2018 14:54:51 +0300
Traditional and confocal descriptions of a new genus and two new species of deep water Cerviniinae Sars, 1903 from the Southern Atlantic and the Norwegian Sea: with a discussion on the use of digital media in taxonomy (Copepoda, Harpacticoida, Aegisthidae) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/23899/ ZooKeys 766: 1-38

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.766.23899

Authors: Paulo H. C. Corgosinho, Terue C. Kihara, Nikolaos V. Schizas, Alexandra Ostmann, Pedro Martínez Arbizu, Viatcheslav N. Ivanenko

Abstract: Aegisthidae is one of the most abundant and diverse families of harpacticoid copepods living in deep-sea benthos, and the phylogenetic relationships within the family are in state of flux. Females of two new deep-water species of harpacticoid copepods belonging to the Hase gen. n. (Aegisthidae: Cerviniinae) are described. The first taxonomic description of marine copepod species based on the combined use of interference and confocal microscopy for the study of the habitus and dissected appendages is presented here. CLSM (Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy) is a non-destructive method, comparable in quality to SEM (scanning electron microscopy) at the same magnifications. To observe and reconstruct in detail the habitus and dissected appendages, whole specimens and dissected parts were stained with Congo Red, mounted on slides with glycerine for CLSM and scanned under three visible-light lasers. Hase lagomorphicus gen. et sp. n. and Hase talpamorphicus gen. et sp. n. were collected from the sediments of the Southern Atlantic and the Norwegian Sea, from 2270 m and 5468 m depths, respectively. Hase gen. n. is included within Cerviniinae based on the caudal rami which are relatively divergent. Hase gen. n. is the sister taxon of Cerviniella based on the following synapomorphies: sturdy body, exopodites 1–3 of pereopods 1–3 heavily built, transformed into digging limbs, with strong outer and distal spines/setae, two-segmented endopod on the pereopods 2 and 3, and a reduced pereopod 5. Compared to Cerviniella, Hase gen. n. exhibits a more developed armature on the pereopod 1, which has outer and distal elements transformed into strong and long spines vs. stiff setae on Cerviniella.Hase gen. n. has one or two strong and long spines on the inner margin of the exopodite 3 of pereopod 4 and pereopod 5 is fused to the somite, ornamented with three distal setae. The telson of Hase gen. n. is subquadratic, and the furca is among the shortest yet described for Aegisthidae. The new species differ in a number of diagnostic characters, three of which are: a) the somite bearing pereopods 3 and 4 with latero-distal spiniform processes in H. talpamorphicus gen. et sp. n. but smooth in H. lagomorphicus gen. et sp. n., b) antenna is armed with three stout spines on the lateral inner margin of the exopod in H. talpamorphicus gen. et sp. n. and two proximal setae in H. lagomorphicus gen. et sp. n., and c) pereopod 4 exopodite 3 has two long and strong spines on the inner margin in H. lagomorphicus gen. et sp. n. and one spine in H. talpamorphicus gen. et sp. n. The high quality of CLSM images should foster discussion about the use of high quality digital images as type or as part of the type series in zoological studies, especially when studying rare and small macrofaunal and meiofaunal taxa.

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Research Article Wed, 13 Jun 2018 10:38:24 +0300
New species of Eurycletodes Sars, 1909 and Odiliacletodes Soyer, 1964 from the deep Gulf of California (Copepoda, Harpacticoida, Argestidae) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/24511/ ZooKeys 764: 1-25

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.764.24511

Authors: Samuel Gómez

Abstract: To date, three species of the family Ancorabolidae, three species of the family Argestidae, and one species of the family Rhizothrichidae are known from the deep sea of the Gulf of California. The descriptions of two new species, Eurycletodes paraephippiger sp. n. and Odiliacletodes secundus sp. n. collected from the Southern Trough of Guaymas Basin at 1440 m and 1642 m depths, respectively, are presented herein. The closest relatives of these two species, E. ephippiger Por, 1964 and O. gracilis Soyer, 1964 are known from the Mediterranean, but some relatives have been reported also from the southern Atlantic. Eurycletodes paraephippiger sp. n. is undoubtedly related to E. ephippiger Por, 1964 known from Israel and Banyuls-sur-Mer (France). These two species can be separated by the armature complement of the basis of the maxillule, by the armature complement of the syncoxa of the maxilliped, and by the relative position of the anal operculum. Odiliacletodes secundus sp. n. showed to be closely related to O. gracilis Soyer, 1964 known from Banyuls-sur-Mer only. The latter two species can be separated by the armature complement of the syncoxa of the maxilliped, by the structure of the antenna, and by the inner armature complement of the third exopodal segment of the fourth swimming leg.

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Research Article Tue, 5 Jun 2018 16:13:09 +0300
New species of the genus Mesocletodes Sars, 1909 from the deep Gulf of California (Copepoda, Harpacticoida) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/20387/ ZooKeys 751: 75-112

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.751.20387

Authors: Samuel Gómez

Abstract: Investigations on the effects of the oxygen minimum zone on the distribution, abundance, and diversity of deep-sea benthic and pelagic fauna of the Gulf of California and Eastern Tropical Pacific has received attention recently. However, very little is known about the diversity of deep-sea benthic harpacticoids from this region, and only three species, Ancorabolus hendrickxi Gómez & Conroy-Dalton, 2002, Ceratonotus elongatus Gómez & Díaz, 2017 and Dendropsyllus californiensis Gómez & Díaz, 2017, have been described so far. The genus Mesocletodes Sars, 1909 is one of the most common and abundant genera of deep-sea harpacticoids. This genus has been traditionally subdivided into two species groups, the abyssicola and the inermis groups, based on the presence/absence of a dorsal cuticular process on the cephalothorax and anal somite, but some species have been reported to deviate from this scheme. As a result of their investigations, other researchers proposed the monophyly of the abyssicola group, and suggested the probable monophyly of two other species-groups. In this paper, the descriptions of three new species of the genus Mesocletodes from the deep sea of the Gulf of California are presented with some notes on their relationships with other species. Some comments on the monophyly of the genus are given.

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Research Article Thu, 19 Apr 2018 17:37:04 +0300
A new species of Echinolaophonte and record of E. armiger (Gurney, 1927) (Crustacea, Copepoda, Harpacticoida, Laophontidae) from the Caribbean with a key to species https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/14560/ ZooKeys 722: 19-36

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.722.14560

Authors: Juan Manuel Fuentes-Reinés, Eduardo Suárez-Morales

Abstract: A new species of the harpacticoid copepod genus Echinolaophonte is described here from specimens obtained during a biological survey of Rodadero Bay, a coastal system in the Colombian Caribbean. This species has been previously recorded as E. armiger Gurney, 1927 in different geographic areas (Indian and Pacific Oceans). The Colombian specimens recognized as E. villabonae sp. n. and true E. armiger are deemed as distinct species based on differences in several features of which the shape of the rostrum and the dorsal spinous process on the prosome are among the most distinctive. These and other characters are shared by specimens recorded as E. armiger from Caroline Islands and Australia that are now incorporated to the new species. The finding of the true E. armiger, previously known only from Egypt, the Texan coast, Brazil, and possibly Bermuda, constitutes the first record of this species in the western Caribbean and a regional range extension. A key to the identification of the 13 known species of the genus is also provided.

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Research Article Wed, 13 Dec 2017 16:43:55 +0200
New Mesopsyllus species from the Bohai Sea, China, re-evaluation of the validity of Vibriopsyllus Kornev & Chertoprud, 2008 and proposal of Sympodella gen. n. (Copepoda, Harpacticoida, Canthocamptidae) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/13700/ ZooKeys 718: 1-33

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.718.13700

Authors: Fang-hong Mu, Rony Huys

Abstract: Two new species of the genus Mesopsyllus Por, 1960 (Canthocamptidae) are described from the Bohai Sea, eastern China. Mesopsyllus dimorphus sp. n. and M. spiniferus sp. n. differ from their congeners by the presence of two instead of three outer spines on P2–P3 exp-3. They can be differentiated from each other by (1) number of inner setae on P3–P4 enp-2; (2) anterior margin of antennulary segment 7 of male; (3) ornamentation of male abdomen; (4) sexual dimorphism on P2 endopod and P3–P4 exp-3; and (5) differences in length of setae on male P5. Some observations in the original description of M. atargatis Por, 1960 are reinterpreted and the type material of M. secundus (Wells, 1965) is re-examined. Comparison between the type species of Vibriopsyllus Kornev & Chertoprud, 2008 and the four known species of Mesopsyllus shows the former as a junior subjective synonym of the latter. Consequently, Vibriopsyllus curviseta Kornev & Chertoprud, 2008 is formally transferred to Mesopsyllus as M. curvisetus (Kornev & Chertoprud, 2008), comb. n. A key to species and an updated generic diagnosis of Mesopsyllus are presented. The taxonomic status of the genus Carolinicola Huys & Thistle, 1989 is re-evaluated. The characters of its type species, C. trisetosa (Coull, 1973), indicate that the latter (and – by inference – the genus Carolinicola) should remain in the Danielsseniinae. Carolinicola galapagoensis Mielke, 1997 is fixed as the type species of a new genus Sympodella gen. n. and placed in the Hemimesochrinae (Canthocamptidae) as the putative sistertaxon of Pusillargillus Huys & Thistle, 1989. The relationships and potential synonymy of the genera Pyrocletodes Coull, 1973, Perucamptus Huys & Thistle, 1989 and Isthmiocaris George & Schminke, 2003 are briefly discussed.

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Research Article Mon, 4 Dec 2017 04:51:47 +0200
Two new species of the genus Emertonia Wilson, 1932 from Korean waters (Copepoda, Harpacticoida, Paramesochridae) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/19959/ ZooKeys 718: 35-64

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.718.19959

Authors: Jinwook Back, Wonchoel Lee

Abstract: Two new species of the genus Emertonia were found from the west coast of Korea. The first new species, E. koreana sp. n., is closely related to E. acutifurcata. However, the new species is clearly distinguished by the presence of two modified pinnate setae on the P5 baseoendopodal lobe. All body somites of the new species except for the last two urosomites have strongly developed hyaline frills forming quadrilateral lappets. The second new species, E. simplex sp. n., superficially resembles E. mielkei in the structure of antennary exopod (with five setae), and the shape of P5. However, this new species differs from its congener mainly by having a caudal ramus 3.5 times as long as width, and P1 enp-2 with two claw-like setae. In addition, a key to the worldwide species of Emertonia is provided.

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Research Article Mon, 4 Dec 2017 04:48:37 +0200
Two new species of Leptopsyllus from Korea (Copepoda, Harpacticoida, Paramesochridae) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/6150/ ZooKeys 665: 37-57

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.665.6150

Authors: Jinwook Back, Wonchoel Lee

Abstract: Two new species of Leptopsyllus are described from the subtidal zone of Korea. Both species were assigned to the subgenus Leptopsyllus (Leptopsyllus) T. Scott, 1894, based on following three characters: two-segmented rami of P1, absence of endopod on P2 and P3, and presence of one-segmented endopod of P4. L. (L.) pundiussp. n. is most closely related to L. (L.) punctatus Mielke, 1894, however clearly distinguishable from it based on mandibular exopod with two setae, shape of P6, and caudal seta III ornamented with spinules in the new species. L. (L.) koreanussp. n. is clearly distinguishable from its congeners by the second segment of P1 endopod armed with one element, male baseoendopod of P5 with one seta, and one segmented endopod of mandibular palp. The world distribution and updated key to the species of the genus Leptopsyllus are provided.

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Research Article Mon, 3 Apr 2017 03:42:06 +0300
On some new species of Ancorabolidae Sars, 1909 from the Gulf of California: the genera Ceratonotus Sars, 1909, and Dendropsyllus Conroy-Dalton, 2003 (Crustacea, Copepoda, Harpacticoida) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/10725/ ZooKeys 657: 43-65

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.657.10725

Authors: Samuel Gómez, Karen Díaz

Abstract: Two new species of two genera of the family Ancorabolidae, Ceratonotus elongatus sp. n. and Dendropsyllus californiensis sp. n., found at 1642 m and 1759 m depth, respectively, in the Southern Trough of Guaymas Basin, are described. Ceratonotus elongatus sp. n. was attributed to that genus by a series of character states of which the lack of dendroid dorsal processes on the P6-bearing somite and the presence of such processes on the first abdominal somite were definitive. This species was observed to be very close to C. thistlei Conroy-Dalton, 2003 from the San Diego Trough, and can be separated by a number of traits of which the elongated sensilla-bearing dorsal tubercles on the second abdominal somite in the new species was definitive. Dendropsyllus californiensis sp. n. has been placed within that genus given the presence of four geniculate setae on P1EXP2 and one seta on P1ENP2, one inner seta on P3EXP3, and lack of inner armature on P4EXP3. Dendropsyllus californiensis sp. n. appears to be more closely related to D. thomasi Conroy-Dalton, 2003 and D. magellanicus (George & Schminke, 1998) on account of the spinulose nature of the basis of the maxilliped, the two-segmented P4ENP, and the fused condition of the P5 baseoendopod and exopod, and seems to be even more closely related to D. thomasi by the degree of development of the lateroventral processes of the cephalothorax. Dendropsyllus californiensis sp. n. can be separated from its congeners by the relative length of the first antennulary segment, relative length of the caudal rami, and by the armature formula of P3ENP2.

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Research Article Fri, 17 Feb 2017 03:04:11 +0200
A new species of Strongylacron (Copepoda, Harpacticoida, Cletodidae) from intertidal mudflats in the Korean peninsula https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/7600/ ZooKeys 617: 1-18

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.617.7600

Authors: Jong Guk Kim, Tae Won Jung, Seong Myeong Yoon

Abstract: A new species, Strongylacron glabrum sp. n. is described from intertidal mudflats in the Korean peninsula. The new species is assigned to the monospecific genus Strongylacron Gee & Huys, 1996 in accordance with the generic morphological features of the rostrum, antennary exopod, and thoracic legs. However, Strongylacron glabrum sp. n. is clearly distinguished from the type species, S. buchholtzi (Boeck, 1873), by the naked anterior margin of rostrum, the elongate exopod and endopodal lobe of female P5 approximately 3.5 and 2.7 times as long as width, respectively, and the presence of 8–10 rod-like projections on prosomites. The genus Strongylacron is first recorded from Korean waters by the present study.

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Research Article Thu, 15 Sep 2016 14:35:58 +0300
A new genus (Copepoda, Harpacticoida, Laophontidae) from Jeju Island of Korea https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/4158/ ZooKeys 447: 1-20

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.447.7603

Authors: Jinwook Back, Wonchoel Lee

Abstract: A survey on the harpacticoid copepods from an intertidal zone in Hyeopjae sandy beach, Jeju Island, Korea, resulted in the discovery of an unusual laophontid, Jejulaophonte hyeopjaeensis sp. n., which cannot be placed in any extant genus within the family. To accommodate the species, a new genus of the family Laophontidae T. Scott, 1905 is proposed and fully described here. The new species is closely related to the lineage of the five primitive genera, Carraroenia McCormack, 2006, Coullia Hamond, 1973, Hemilaophonte Jakubisiak 1933, Psammoplatypus Lee & Huys, 1999, and Robustunguis Fiers, 1992 (the CCHPR-lineage) by the reduced P2 endopod, ovate shape of the female P5 exopod and sexual dimorphism in the P3 endopod. However, it displays discrepancies from the species of the CCHPR-lineage in the presence of an inner seta on P3 and P4 exp-2, four setae on P4 enp-2, and an inner seta on P3 and P4 enp-2 in the female. Furthermore, no other species within the family Laophontidae has three setae on P2 exp-3 and a seta on P2 enp-2 at the same time. The new species has sexual dimorphism in the antennule, genital segmentation and the legs from P2 to P5. The terminal seta on the second endopodal segment of P2 in the male is longer than that in the female. The endopod of P3 is 3-segmented and displays a short inner apophysis on the second segment in the male. The outer setae on the exopod of P3 and P4 are distinctly thicker and stronger in the male than in the female. Mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (mtCOI) sequencing of the new species has been realized in order to be used in future phylogenetic analysis.

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Research Article Thu, 16 Oct 2014 00:00:00 +0300