Scutellum mostly brownish black, middle area yellow; wing marked with small brown marks at base of Rs, tip of R₁, base of R₂₊₃, fork of R₄₊₅, r-m, and fork of M₁₊₂; epandrial clasper tapering and slightly curved distally to the middle, inner side with two papillary projections; medial lobe of basal lobe of gonostylus ear-shaped.

Male. Body length 8.0 mm, wing length 9.0 mm.

Vertex and frons black; face and clypeus yellow with brown hairs; gena yellow with a black elliptical spot medially, hairs on gena dark brown; occiput yellow. Compound eyes black without pubescence. Scape, pedicel and basal 1/2 of 1^st flagellomere yellow, remaining flagellomeres dark brown; hairs dark brown. Proboscis yellow with brown hairs. Palpus yellow with last segment gradually darked apically, hairs brown.

Thorax (Fig. 1a, b). Pronotum and propleuron yellow. Prescutum mostly brownish black, anterior margin with lateral area yellow; scutum and paratergite mostly brownish black, posterior margin yellow; scutellum mostly brownish black, middle area yellow with a patch of dense brown hairs; postnotum yellow. Mesopleuron uniformly yellow. Coxae and trochanters yellow. Wing (Fig. 2a) 3.3 times as long as wide, subhyaline, apical 1/2 slightly brown, marked with small brown marks at base of Rs, tip of R₁, base of R₂₊₃, fork of R₄₊₅, r-m, and fork of M₁₊₂. Veins brown; Sc ending in C exceeding basal 1/3 of R₂₊₃; Rs straight, 4 times the length of r-m; r-m arise from Rs. Wing with setae below fold in cell cua₂, and over tip 1/3 of wing. Halter and prehaltere pale yellow with brown hairs.

Figure 1. 

Thoraxes of new Ptychoptera species a P. hekouensis, dorsal view b P. hekouensis, lateral view c P. longa, dorsal view d P. longa, lateral view e P. xiaohuangshana, dorsal view f P. xiaohuangshana, lateral view. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.

Figure 2. 

Wings of new Ptychoptera species a P. hekouensis b P. longa c P. xiaohuangshana. Scale bars: 1.0 mm.

Abdomen. First tergum yellow with caudal 1/3 brownish black, 2^nd tergum brownish black with middle area yellow, 3^rd tergum yellow with caudal 1/3 brownish black, 4^th tergum yellow with caudal 1/2 black, 5^th to 7^th terga black; first to 4^th sterna yellow, 5^th to 7^th sterna black; hairs on abdomen yellow.

Male genitalia (Figs 3a, 4a–c, 5a–c) black except caudal 1/2 of epandrial clasper brownish yellow. Epandrium (Fig. 4a) bilobed, epandrial lobe narrow, epandrial clasper tapering and slightly curved distally to the middle, inner side with two papillary projections, with brown long hairs; epiproct V-shaped, with short hairs. Gonocoxite (Fig. 4b) long and stout, 2 times as long as wide, basal apodeme small; apical process of paramere triangular, apex semilunar. Gonostylus (Fig. 4b): anterior lobe of basal lobe of gonostylus elliptic with dense short hairs; medial lobe of basal lobe of gonostylus ear-shaped with dense short hairs; secondary lobe of apical stylus of gonostylus finger-shaped, slightly curved distally with several long hairs; tertiary lobe of apical stylus of gonostylus triangular, pointed apically; apical stylus of gonostylus finger-shaped, swollen distally with long hairs. Hypandrium (Fig. 4c): basal division of hypandrium dumbbell-shaped basally with dense long hairs posteriorly; spathate lobe of hypandrium triangular with several long hairs; lateral extension of terminal division of hypandrium elliptic with dense long hairs on posterior 1/2; terminal division of hypandrium papillary. Aedeagus (Fig. 5a–c): subapical sclerite tongue-shaped, apex of subapical sclerite round; aedeagal sclerites with apex laterally compressed, with dorsal corner extended dorsoanterior, curved sided and convergent; lateral ejaculatory processes with base narrow, extended anterolaterally; sperm sac subspherical; ejaculatory apodeme flag-like, closely associated with aedeagal sclerites, larger than sperm sac, paralleling anterior margin of sperm sac.

Figure 3. 

Male genitalia of new Ptychoptera species a P. hekouensis b P. longa c P. xiaohuangshana. Scale bars: 0.5 mm. (ECP = epandrial clasper, EL = epandrial lobe, GCT = gonocoxite, GST = gonostylus, HYPD = hypandrium).

Figure 4. 

Details of male genitalia of new Ptychoptera species a epandrium of P. hekouensis, dorsal view b gonocoxite and gonostylus of P. hekouensis, dorsal view c hypandrium of P. hekouensis, ventral view d epandrium of P. longa, dorsal view e gonocoxite and gonostylus of P. longa, dorsal view f hypandrium of P. longa, ventral view g epandrium of P. xiaohuangshana, dorsal view h gonocoxite and gonostylus of P. xiaohuangshana, dorsal view i hypandrium of P. xiaohuangshana, ventral view. Scale bars: 0.4 mm. (ECP = epandrial clasper, EL = epandrial lobe, EPI = epiproct, GAS = apical stylus of gonostylus, GBA = anterior lobe of basal lobe of gonostylus, GBL = basal lobe of gonostylus, GBM = medial lobe of basal lobe of gonostylus, GCT = gonocoxite, GSL = secondary lobe of apical stylus of gonostylus, GAT = tertiary lobe of apical stylus of gonostylus, HBD = basal division of hypandrium, HMW = membranous window of terminal division of hypandrium, HSL = spathate lobe of hypandrium, HTD = terminal division of hypandrium, HTE = lateral extension of terminal division of hypandrium, PPA = apical process of paramere).

Figure 5. 

Aedeagi of new Ptychoptera species a P. hekouensis, dorsal view b P. hekouensis, lateral view c P. hekouensis, ventral view d P. longa, dorsal view e P. longa, lateral view f P. longa, ventral view g P. xiaohuangshana, dorsal view h P. xiaohuangshana, lateral view i P. xiaohuangshana, ventral view. Scale bars: 0.2 mm. (AEA = ejaculatory apodeme, AES = aedeagal sclerite, ALP = lateral ejaculatory process, AS = sperm sac, ASA = subapical sclerite of aedeagus).

Female. Unknown.

China·1♂, holotype; Yunnan Province, Hekou District, Nanxi Town; 132 m; 22 May 2009; T. Zhang leg.; CAU·1♂, paratype; same collection data as holotype; CAU.

China (Yunnan).

Specific name hekouensis (adjective, feminine) referring to the type locality, Hekou.

This new species is similar to P. wangae from China but can be separated from the latter by the scutellum mostly brownish black with middle area yellow, the 2^nd tergum mostly brownish black with middle area yellow, the epandrial clasper with two papillary projections on inner side, and the medial lobe of basal lobe of gonostylus ear-shaped. In P. wangae, the scutellum is uniformly yellow brown, the 2^nd tergum is mostly yellow with posterior margin brown, the epandrial clasper does not have papillary projection on inner side, and the medial lobe of basal lobe of gonostylus is semicircular (Kang et al. 2013).

Mesopleuron mostly brown, except upper 1/2 of anepisternum yellow; wing marked with four brown marks and one brown band; epandrium not bilobed, epandrial lobe rectangle; epandrial clasper finger-shaped, merged basally, basal 1/2 broad and rectangle, apical 1/2 narrowing bilaterally; secondary lobe of apical stylus of gonostylus sickle-shaped; terminal division of hypandrium elliptic.

Male. Body length 7.5 mm, wing length 7.5 mm.

Vertex and frons brown; face and clypeus yellow with brown hairs; gena yellow with a black elliptical spot medially, hairs on gena brown; occiput yellow. Compound eyes black without pubescence. Scape and pedicel yellow, flagellomeres light yellow; hairs on antenna brown. Proboscis yellow with brown hairs. Palpus yellow with brown hairs.

Thorax (Fig. 1c, d). Pronotum light brown; propleuron yellow. Prescutum, scutum and paratergite uniformly brown; scutellum mostly brown, middle area yellowish brown; postnotum brown, laterotergite with a patch of dense brown hairs. Mesopleuron mostly brown, except upper ½ of anepisternum yellow. Coxae and trochanters yellow. Wing (Fig. 2b) 3.8 times as long as wide, subhyaline, marked with four brown marks and one brown band as follows: four elliptic brown marks at base of cell R, tip of R₁, fork of R₄₊₅, and fork of M₁₊₂; one brown band extending from anterior margin of wing, covering base of R₂₊₃ and r-m, to the bend in distal section of CuA₂. Veins brown; Sc ending in C at level of basal 1/3 of R₂₊₃; Rs straight, 2 times the length of r-m; r-m arise from R₄₊₅. Wing with setae over Sc and Rs, at and below fold in cell cua₂, and over tip 1/2 of wing (sparse before forks of R₄₊₅ and M₁₊₂). Halter and prehaltere pale yellow with light brown hairs.

Abdomen. First tergum brown with basal 1/3 yellow, 2^nd tergum brown with middle 1/3 yellow, 3^rd tergum yellow with caudal 1/3 brown, 4^th to 6^th terga brown, 7^th tergum brown with posterior margin yellow; first to 3^rd sterna yellow, 4^th to 6^th sterna brown with posterior margin yellow, 7^th sternum yellow; hairs on abdomen brown.

Male genitalia (Figs 3b, 4d–f, 5d–f) yellow. Epandrium (Fig. 4d) not bilobed, epandrial lobe rectangle, posterior margin with U-shaped concave; epandrial clasper finger-shaped, merged basally, basal 1/2 broad and rectangle, apical 1/2 narrowing bilaterally, with short brown hairs; epiproct triangular with short hairs. Gonocoxite (Fig. 4e) short and stout, 1.5 times as long as wide, basal apodeme small; apical process of paramere papillary, apex with hooked projection. Gonostylus (Fig. 4e): basal lobe of gonostylus ear-shaped with dense short hairs on inner side; secondary lobe of apical stylus of gonostylus sickle-shaped with short hairs; tertiary lobe of apical stylus of gonostylus triangular, round apically; apical stylus of gonostylus long and slender, finger-shaped with short hairs. Hypandrium (Fig. 4f): basal division of hypandrium trapeziform, anterior margin with V-shaped concave, posterior margin with dense long hairs; membranous window of terminal division circular; terminal division of hypandrium elliptic. Aedeagus (Fig. 5d–f): subapical sclerite rectangular, apex of subapical sclerite slightly concave; aedeagal sclerites with apex laterally compressed, with dorsal corner extended dorsoanterior, curved sided and convergent, base broad; lateral ejaculatory processes with base straight, narrow, extended straight anterolaterally; sperm sac subspherical; ejaculatory apodeme flag-like, closely associated with aedeagal sclerites, larger than sperm sac, paralleling anterior margin of sperm sac.

Female. Unknown.

China·1♂, holotype; Guizhou Province, Suiyang District, Kuankuoshui National Nature Reserve; 11 Aug. 2010; S. Liu leg.; CAU·1♂, paratype; same collection data as holotype; CAU.

China (Guizhou).

Specific name from Latin longa (adjective, feminine, meaning “long”), referring to the long epandrial clasper.

This new species is similar to P. yankovskiana from China and Korea but can be separated from the latter by first tergum brown with basal 1/3 yellow, the epandrium not bilobed, and the epandrial claspers merged basally. In P. yankovskiana, the first tergum is uniformly dark brown, the epandrium is bilobed and the epandrial claspers is not merged basally (Kang et al. 2019).

Mesopleuron mostly brown, except upper 1/2 of anepisternum yellow; wing marked with three brown marks and two brown bands; epandrial clasper with a curved finger-shaped projection interiorly; anterior lobe of basal lobe of gonostylus nose-shaped; medial lobe of basal lobe of gonostylus toothbrush-shaped.

Male. Body length 7.0 mm, wing length 7.0 mm.

Vertex and frons brown; face and clypeus yellow with light brown hairs; gena yellow with a black elliptical spot medially, hairs on gena brown; occiput yellow. Compound eyes black without pubescence. Scape and pedicel yellow, flagellomeres light yellow; hairs on antenna brown. Proboscis light yellow with light yellow hairs. Palpus light yellow with light yellow hairs.

Thorax (Fig. 1e, f). Pronotum and propleuron light brown. Prescutum, scutum, and paratergite uniformly brown; scutellum mostly brown, middle area yellowish brown; postnotum brown, laterotergite with a patch of dense brown hairs. Mesopleuron mostly brown, except upper ½ of anepisternum yellow. Coxae and trochanters yellow; femora yellow with brown ring apically; hairs on legs brown. Wing (Fig. 2c) 3.8 times as long as wide, subhyaline, marked with three brown marks and two brown bands as follows: one triangular brown mark at base of M, two elliptic brown marks at base of Rs and at midlength of CuA₁; median band extending from anterior margin of wing, covering base of R₂₊₃ and r-m, to the bend in distal section of CuA₂; subapical band extending from anterior margin of wing, covering tip of R₁, R₂, and fork of R₄₊₅, to fork of M₁₊₂.Veins brown; Sc ending in C not at level of basal third of R₂₊₃; Rs slightly curved medially, 4.1 times the length of r-m; r-m arise from Rs. Wing with setae over Sc and Rs, at and below fold in cell cua₂, and over tip 1/2 of wing (slightly sparse before forks of R₄₊₅ and M₁₊₂). Halter and prehaltere pale yellow with light brown hairs.

Abdomen. First tergum light brown, 2^nd tergum light brown with middle 1/3 yellow, 3^rd tergum yellow caudal 1/2 light brown, 4^th to 6^th terga light brown, 7^th tergum yellow with basal 1/3 light brown; first to 3^rd sterna yellow, 4^th to 6^th sterna light brown with posterior margin yellow, 7^th sternum yellow with basal 1/3 light brown; hairs on abdomen light brown.

Male genitalia (Figs 3c, 4g–i, 5g–i) brown. Epandrium (Fig. 4g) bilobed, epandrial lobe semicircular; epandrial clasper broad basally, with a curved finger-shaped projection interiorly, finger-shaped projection basally narrow, apically swollen, with uniformly long hairs; epandrial clasper narrowed medially and slightly curved ventrally, slightly swollen and flat apically, with dense long hairs; epiproct triangular, with two papillary projections posteriorly, with short hairs. Gonocoxite (Fig. 4h) broad, 2 times as long as wide, inner side with a triangular projection medially, with dense hairs; basal apodeme small; apical process of paramere hooked. Gonostylus (Fig. 4h): anterior lobe of basal lobe of gonostylus nose-shaped with several long hairs; medial lobe of basal lobe of gonostylus toothbrush-shaped, with a hairy semilunar lobe basally and a hairy papillary projection medially; apical stylus of gonostylus finger-shaped with short hairs. Hypandrium (Fig. 4i): basal division of hypandrium triangular, anterior margin with V-shaped concave; terminal division of hypandrium gourd-shaped with dense short hairs. Aedeagus (Fig. 5g–i): subapical sclerite triangular, apex of subapical sclerite flat; aedeagal sclerites with apex laterally compressed, with dorsal corner extended dorsoanterior, curved sided and convergent, base broad; lateral ejaculatory processes with base straight, extended straight anterolaterally; sperm sac subspherical; ejaculatory apodeme flag-like, closely associated with aedeagal sclerites, larger than sperm sac, paralleling anterior margin of sperm sac.

Female. Unknown.

China·1♂, holotype; Guangdong Province, Ruyuan District, Nanling National Forest Park, Mount Xiaohuangshan; 24 Aug. 2010; T. Zhang leg.; CAU·1♂, paratype; same collection data as holotype; CAU.

China (Guangdong).

Specific name xiaohuangshana (adjective, feminine) referring to the type locality, Mount Xiaohuangshan.

This new species is similar to P. bellula from China but can be separated from the latter by the 2^nd tergum light brown with middle 1/3 yellow, the epandrial clasper with a curved finger-shaped projection interiorly, the epiproct with two papillary projections posteriorly, and the medial lobe of basal lobe of gonostylus toothbrush-shaped. In P. bellula, the 2^nd tergum is black with base yellow, the epandrial clasper does not have a curved finger-shaped projection interiorly, the epiproct have a strongly haired papillary projection posteriorly, and the medial lobe of basal lobe of gonostylus is semilunar (Alexander 1937; Krzeminski and Zwick 1993).