Details of male genitalia of new Ptychoptera species a epandrium of P. hekouensis, dorsal view b gonocoxite and gonostylus of P. hekouensis, dorsal view c hypandrium of P. hekouensis, ventral view d epandrium of P. longa, dorsal view e gonocoxite and gonostylus of P. longa, dorsal view f hypandrium of P. longa, ventral view g epandrium of P. xiaohuangshana, dorsal view h gonocoxite and gonostylus of P. xiaohuangshana, dorsal view i hypandrium of P. xiaohuangshana, ventral view. Scale bars: 0.4 mm. (ECP = epandrial clasper, EL = epandrial lobe, EPI = epiproct, GAS = apical stylus of gonostylus, GBA = anterior lobe of basal lobe of gonostylus, GBL = basal lobe of gonostylus, GBM = medial lobe of basal lobe of gonostylus, GCT = gonocoxite, GSL = secondary lobe of apical stylus of gonostylus, GAT = tertiary lobe of apical stylus of gonostylus, HBD = basal division of hypandrium, HMW = membranous window of terminal division of hypandrium, HSL = spathate lobe of hypandrium, HTD = terminal division of hypandrium, HTE = lateral extension of terminal division of hypandrium, PPA = apical process of paramere).