Research Article |
Corresponding author: Shuqiang Li ( lisq@ioz.ac.cn ) Academic editor: Dimitar Dimitrov
© 2020 Xiaoqing Zhang, Tianqi Lan, Lei Nie, Shuqiang Li.
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Citation:
Zhang X, Lan T, Nie L, Li S (2020) Eight new species of the spider genus Pimoa (Araneae, Pimoidae) from Tibet, China. ZooKeys 940: 79-104. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.940.49793
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Eight new species of the spider genus Pimoa Chamberlin & Ivie, 1943 are described from Tibet, China: P. cona Zhang & Li, sp. nov. (♂♀), P. duiba Zhang & Li, sp. nov. (♂♀), P. lemenba Zhang & Li, sp. nov. (♀), P. mainling Zhang & Li, sp. nov. (♂♀), P. nyingchi Zhang & Li, sp. nov. (♂♀), P. rongxar Zhang & Li, sp. nov. (♂♀), P. samyai Zhang & Li, sp. nov. (♂♀), and P. yadong Zhang & Li, sp. nov. (♂♀). The DNA barcodes of the eight new species are documented.
Asia, description, diagnosis, taxonomy
The spider family Pimoidae Wunderlich, 1986 contains 45 species in four genera: Nanoa Hormiga, Buckle & Scharff, 2005, Pimoa Chamberlin & Ivie, 1943, Putaoa Hormiga & Tu, 2008, and Weintrauboa Hormiga, 2003 (
Specimens were examined with a LEICA M205C stereomicroscope. Images were captured with an Olympus C7070 wide zoom digital camera (7.1 megapixels) mounted on an Olympus SZX12 dissecting microscope and assembled using Helicon Focus 3.10.3 image stacking software (
All measurements were obtained using a LEICA M205C stereomicroscope and are given in millimeters. We put legs and the body of the spider on the objective table of stereomicroscope and measured the length by a ruler in the eyepiece. Eye sizes were measured as the maximum diameter from either dorsal or frontal views. Leg measurements are shown as total length (femur, patella + tibia, metatarsus, tarsus). The terminology used in the text and the figure legends follows
Abbreviations used in this paper and in the figure legends:
ALE anterior lateral eye;
AME anterior median eye;
AME-ALE distance between AME and ALE;
AME-AME distance between AMEs;
AS alveolar sclerite;
C conductor;
CDP cymbial denticulate process;
CO copulatory opening;
DP dorsal plate of the epigyne;
E embolus;
FD fertilization duct;
MA median apophysis;
P paracymbium;
PCS pimoid cymbial sclerite;
PEP pimoid embolic process;
PLE posterior lateral eye;
PME posterior median eye;
PME-PLE distance between PME and PLE;
PME-PME distance between PMEs;
S spermatheca;
T tegulum;
VP ventral plate of epigyne.
DNA barcodes were obtained for the eight new species by amplifying and sequencing a partial fragment of the mitochondrial gene cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) using primers LCO1490-oono (5’-CWACAAAYCATARRGATATTGG-3’) (
Species | GenBank accession number | Sequence length | Collection locality |
---|---|---|---|
Pimoa cona sp. nov. | MT373707 | 654bp | Cona, Lhoka, Tibet, China |
Pimoa duiba sp. nov. | MT373708 | 654bp | Duopozhang and Aza, Lhoka, Tibet, China |
Pimoa lemenba sp. nov. | MT373706 | 654bp | Cona, Lhoka, Tibet, China |
Pimoa mainling sp. nov. | MT373710 | 654bp | Mainling, Nyingchi, Tibet, China |
Pimoa nyingchi sp. nov. | MT373713 | 654bp | Lulang, Nyingchi, Tibet, China |
Pimoa rongxar sp. nov. | MT373712 | 654bp | Dinggyê, Shigatse, Tibet, China |
Pimoa samyai sp. nov. | MT373711 | 654bp | Samyai Town, Lhoka, Tibet, China |
Pimoa yadong sp. nov. | MT373709 | 654bp | Yadong, Shigatse, Tibet, China |
Family Pimoidae Wunderlich, 1986
Pimoa:
Labulla hespera Gertsch & Ivie, 1936, from California, USA.
See
Holotype : ♂ (IZCAS-Ar40310), China, Tibet, Lhoka, Cona County, Senmuzha Scenic Area, 27.83°N, 91.73°E, elevation ca. 2845 m, 10.VIII.2018, X. Zhang and J. Liu leg. Paratypes: 1♂2♀ (IZCAS-Ar40311-40313), same data as holotype; 1♂1♀ (IZCAS-Ar40314-40315), Cona County, Yelang Valley, 27.87°N, 91.81°E, elevation ca. 3379 m, 13.VIII.2018, X. Zhang and J. Liu leg.
The specific name is a noun in apposition taken from the type locality.
The male of Pimoa cona sp. nov. resembles P. nematoides Hormiga, 1994 (see
Male (holotype): Total length 7.24. Carapace 3.59 long, 2.95 wide. Abdomen 3.65 long, 2.18 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.18, ALE 0.20, PME 0.19, PLE 0.17; AME-AME 0.14, AME-ALE 0.17, PME-PME 0.16, PME-PLE 0.18. Leg measurements: I: 33.34 (9.36, 10.19, 9.94, 3.85); II: 32.52 (9.25, 10.13, 9.87, 3.27); III: 20.92 (6.16, 6.36, 6.35, 2.05); IV: – (7.95, –, –, –). Habitus as in Fig.
Left palp of Pimoa cona sp. nov., holotype A prolateral view B ventral view C retrolateral view. Abbreviations: AS = alveolar sclerite; CDP = cymbial denticulate process; E = embolus; MA = median apophysis; P = paracymbium; PCS = pimoid cymbial sclerite; PEP = pimoid embolic process; T = tegulum. Scale bar: equal for A–C.
Female (paratype): Total length 9.62. Carapace 3.72 long, 3.01 wide. Abdomen 5.90 long, 4.10 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.18, ALE 0.22, PME 0.19, PLE 0.21; AME-AME 0.14, AME-ALE 0.21, PME-PME 0.17, PME-PLE 0.20. Leg measurements: I: 27.83 (7.76, 9.17, 7.82, 3.08); II: 24.80 (6.79, 8.20, 6.99, 2.82); III: 17.56 (5.38, 5.51, 4.81, 1.86); IV: 22.31 (6.73, 7.37, 5.90, 2.31). Habitus as in Fig.
Epigyne and habitus of Pimoa cona sp. nov., female paratype and male holotype A epigyne, ventral view B schematic course of internal duct system, ventral view C vulva, dorsal view D schematic course of internal duct system, dorsal view E male habitus, dorsal view F female habitus, dorsal view G female habitus, ventral view. Abbreviations: CO = copulatory opening; DP = dorsal plate of the epigyne; FD = fertilization duct; S = spermatheca; VP = ventral plate of epigyne. Scale bars: equal for F and G.
Known only from the type locality, Tibet, China (Fig.
Holotype : ♂ (IZCAS-Ar40316), China, Tibet, Lhoka, Duopozhang Town, Duiba Village, 29.37°N, 91.70°E, elevation ca. 4095 m, 14.VIII.2019, X. Zhang, Z. Bai and J. Liu leg. Paratypes: 1♀ (IZCAS-Ar40317), same data as holotype; 1♀ (IZCAS-Ar40318), Lhoka, Aza Town, Beside the stream behind Zonggongbu Cave, 29.37°N, 91.32°E, elevation ca. 4537 m, 29.VIII.2018, X. Zhang and J. Liu leg.
The specific name is a noun in apposition taken from the type locality.
The male of Pimoa duiba sp. nov. resembles P. samyai sp. nov. (Fig.
Left palp of Pimoa duiba sp. nov., holotype A prolateral view B ventral view C retrolateral view. Abbreviations: AS = alveolar sclerite; C = conductor; CDP = cymbial denticulate process; E = embolus; MA = median apophysis; P = paracymbium; PCS = pimoid cymbial sclerite; PEP = pimoid embolic process; T = tegulum. Scale bar: equal for A–C.
Male (holotype): Total length 5.26. Carapace 2.18 long, 1.86 wide. Abdomen 3.08 long, 1.73 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.12, ALE 0.13, PME 0.12, PLE 0.12; AME-AME 0.07, AME-ALE 0.11, PME-PME 0.10, PME-PLE 0.14. Leg measurements: I: 23.84 (6.60, 7.95, 6.73, 2.56); II: 21.79 (5.90, 7.24, 6.34, 2.31); III: 16.16 (4.62, 5.45, 4.49, 1.60); IV: 19.41 (5.51, 6.15, 5.83, 1.92). Promargin of chelicerae with three teeth, retromargin with two teeth. Habitus as in Fig.
Epigyne and habitus of Pimoa duiba sp. nov., female paratype and male holotype A epigyne, ventral view B schematic course of internal duct system, ventral view C vulva, dorsal view D schematic course of internal duct system, dorsal view E male habitus, dorsal view F female habitus, dorsal view G female habitus, ventral view. Abbreviations: CO = copulatory opening; DP = dorsal plate of the epigyne; FD = fertilization duct; S = spermatheca; VP = ventral plate of epigyne. Scale bars: equal for F and G.
Female (paratype): Total length 6.85. Carapace 2.56 long, 2.11 wide. Abdomen 4.29 long, 3.27 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.12, ALE 0.16, PME 0.10, PLE 0.15; AME-AME 0.09, AME-ALE 0.15, PME-PME 0.09, PME-PLE 0.17. Leg measurements: I: 21.47 (6.15, 6.73, 6.03, 2.56); II: 19.55 (5.38, 6.67, 5.38, 2.12); III: 15.20 (4.62, 4.81, 4.10, 1.67); IV: 19.23 (5.51, 6.22, 5.45, 2.05). Promargin of chelicerae with three teeth, retromargin with two teeth. Habitus as in Fig.
Known only from the type locality, Tibet, China (Fig.
Holotype : ♀ (IZCAS-Ar40319), China, Tibet, Lhoka, Cona County, Lemenba Town, 17–20 km section from Lewang Bridge to Liulian Highway, 27.80°N, 91.77°E, elevation ca. 3706 m, 5.VI.2016, J. Wu leg.
The specific name is a noun in apposition taken from the type locality.
The species resembles Pimoa sinuosa Hormiga, 1994 (see
Epigyne and habitus of Pimoa lemenba sp. nov., female holotype A epigyne, ventral view B schematic course of internal duct system, ventral view C vulva, dorsal view D schematic course of internal duct system, dorsal view E female habitus, dorsal view F female habitus, ventral view G female habitus, lateral view. Abbreviations: CO = copulatory opening; DP = dorsal plate of the epigyne; FD = fertilization duct; S = spermatheca; VP = ventral plate of epigyne. Scale bars: equal for E–G.
Female (holotype): Total length 8.59. Carapace 3.40 long, 2.88 wide. Abdomen 5.19 long, 3.46 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.17, ALE 0.20, PME 0.19, PLE 0.18; AME-AME 0.10, AME-ALE 0.19, PME-PME 0.14, PME-PLE 0.22. Leg measurements: I: – (7.12, –, –, –); II: – (6.47, –, –, –); III: missing; IV: missing. Habitus as in Fig.
Male: unknown.
Known only from the type locality, Tibet, China (Fig.
Holotype : ♂ (IZCAS-Ar40320), China, Tibet, Nyingchi, Mainling County, along the way from Zhagonggou Scenic Area to Ganlu Cave, 29.16°N, 94.23°E, elevation ca. 3440 m, 27.VIII.2018, X. Zhang and J. Liu leg. Paratypes: 2♀ (IZCAS-Ar40321-Ar40322), same data as holotype.
The specific name is a noun in apposition taken from the type locality.
The male of Pimoa mainling sp. nov. resembles P. binchuanensis (see
Left palp of Pimoa mainling sp. nov., holotype A prolateral view B ventral view C retrolateral view. Abbreviations: AS = alveolar sclerite; C = conductor; CDP = cymbial denticulate process; E = embolus; MA = median apophysis; P = paracymbium; PCS = pimoid cymbial sclerite; PEP = pimoid embolic process; T = tegulum. Scale bar: equal for A–C.
Male (holotype): Total length 5.06. Carapace 2.56 long, 2.18 wide. Abdomen 2.50 long, 2.05 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.16, ALE 0.17, PME 0.13, PLE 0.17; AME-AME 0.13, AME-ALE 0.17, PME-PME 0.10, PME-PLE 0.16. Leg measurements: I: 25.38 (6.99, 8.40, 7.49, 2.50); II: – (5.90, –, –, –); III: 13.52 (4.17, 4.23, 3.65, 1.47); IV: 16.79 (5.19, 5.38, 4.55, 1.67). Habitus as in Fig.
Epigyne and habitus of Pimoa mainling sp. nov., female paratype and male holotype A epigyne, ventral view B schematic course of internal duct system, ventral view C vulva, dorsal view D schematic course of internal duct system, dorsal view E male habitus, dorsal view F female habitus, dorsal view G female habitus, ventral view. Abbreviations: CO = copulatory opening; DP = dorsal plate of the epigyne; FD = fertilization duct; S = spermatheca; VP = ventral plate of epigyne. Scale bars: equal for F and G.
Female (paratype): Total length 8.78. Carapace 3.40 long, 3.01 wide. Abdomen 5.38 long, 4.55 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.17, ALE 0.19, PME 0.19, PLE 0.20; AME-AME 0.15, AME-ALE 0.17, PME-PME 0.17, PME-PLE 0.21. Leg measurements: I: 21.22 (6.15, 7.37, 5.58, 2.12); II: 18.33 (5.32, 6.22, 4.74, 2.05); III: 13.14 (4.17, 4.10, 3.40, 1.47); IV: – (5.06, 5.51, 4.42, –). Habitus as in Fig.
Known only from the type locality, Tibet, China (Fig.
Holotype : ♂ (IZCAS-Ar40323), China, Tibet, Nyingchi, near Lunang Town, 29.94°N, 94.80°E, elevation ca. 2615 m, 25.VIII.2018, X. Zhang and J. Liu leg. Paratypes: 1♂2♀ (IZCAS-Ar40324-Ar40326), same data as holotype; 2♂2♀ (IZCAS-Ar40327-Ar40330), Nyingchi, Near Sejila Pass, 29.56°N, 94.57°E, elevation ca. 3764 m, 26.VIII.2018, X. Zhang and J. Liu leg.
The specific name is a noun in apposition taken from the type locality.
The male of Pimoa nyingchi sp. nov. resembles P. reniformis (see
Left palp of Pimoa nyingchi sp. nov., holotype A prolateral view B ventral view C retrolateral view. Abbreviations: AS = alveolar sclerite; C = conductor; CDP = cymbial denticulate process; E = embolus; MA = median apophysis; P = paracymbium; PCS = pimoid cymbial sclerite; PEP = pimoid embolic process; T = tegulum. Scale bar: equal for A–C.
Male (holotype): Total length 7.05. Carapace 3.59 long, 3.01 wide. Abdomen 3.46 long, 2.44 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.17, ALE 0.17, PME 0.18, PLE 0.16; AME-AME 0.14, AME-ALE 0.16, PME-PME 0.15, PME-PLE 0.18. Leg measurements: I: 28.08 (7.63, 8.91, 8.01, 3.53); II: 16.92 (5.89, 5.26, 3.78, 1.99); III: 16.73 (5.00, 5.19, 4.62, 1.92); IV: 14.10 (5.45, 4.23, 2.95, 1.47). Habitus as in Fig.
Epigyne and habitus of Pimoa nyingchi sp. nov., female paratype and male holotype A epigyne, ventral view B schematic course of internal duct system, ventral view C vulva, dorsal view D schematic course of internal duct system, dorsal view E male habitus, dorsal view F female habitus, dorsal view G female habitus, ventral view. Abbreviations: CO = copulatory opening; DP = dorsal plate of the epigyne; FD = fertilization duct; S = spermatheca; VP = ventral plate of epigyne. Scale bars: equal for F and G.
Female (paratype): Total length 9.49. Carapace 3.27 long, 2.88 wide. Abdomen 6.22 long, 4.68 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.19, ALE 0.20, PME 0.19, PLE 0.20; AME-AME 0.14, AME-ALE 0.12, PME-PME 0.15, PME-PLE 0.17. Leg measurements: I: 20.76 (6.09, 6.79, 5.38, 2.50); II: 17.49 (5.06, 5.89, 4.68, 1.86); III: – (3.97, –, –, –); IV: 16.34 (5.06, 5.58, 4.42, 1.28). Habitus as in Fig.
Known only from the type locality, Tibet, China (Fig.
Holotype : ♂ (IZCAS-Ar40331), China, Tibet, Shigatse, Dinggyê County, Rongxar Town, Woods by the river, 28.07°N, 86.37°E , elevation ca. 3520 m, 29.VII.2018, X. Zhang and J. Liu leg. Paratype: 1♀ (IZCAS-Ar40332), same data as holotype.
The specific name is a noun in apposition taken from the type locality.
The male of Pimoa rongxar sp. nov. resembles P. reniformis (see
Left palp of Pimoa rongxar sp. nov., holotype A prolateral view B ventral view C retrolateral view. Abbreviations: AS = alveolar sclerite; C = conductor; CDP = cymbial denticulate process; E = embolus; MA = median apophysis; P = paracymbium; PCS = pimoid cymbial sclerite; PEP = pimoid embolic process; T = tegulum. Scale bar: equal for A–C.
Male (holotype): Total length 3.97. Carapace 2.50 long, 1.92 wide. Abdomen 1.47 long, 1.86 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.12, ALE 0.14, PME 0.16, PLE 0.14; AME-AME 0.14, AME-ALE 0.15, PME-PME 0.11, PME-PLE 0.11. Leg measurements: I: 19.23 (5.26, 6.22, 5.19, 2.56); II: 16.79 (4.55, 5.38, 4.62, 2.24); III: 11.48 (3.27, 3.46, 3.21, 1.54); IV: 14.16 (3.97, 4.55, 4.04, 1.60). Habitus as in Fig.
Female (paratype): Total length 7.63. Carapace 3.78 long, 2.95 wide. Abdomen 3.85 long, 2.63 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.17, ALE 0.20, PME 0.18, PLE 0.17; AME-AME 0.13, AME-ALE 0.17, PME-PME 0.18, PME-PLE 0.21. Leg measurements: I: 24.29 (6.67, 8.14, 6.60, 2.88); II: 22.50 (6.35, 7.44, 6.15, 2.56); III: 17.38 (5.19, 5.58, 4.62, 1.99); IV: 20.77 (6.15, 6.86, 5.58, 2.18). Habitus as in Fig.
Epigyne and habitus of Pimoa rongxar sp. nov., female paratype and male holotype A epigyne, ventral view B schematic course of internal duct system, ventral view C vulva, dorsal view D schematic course of internal duct system, dorsal view E male habitus, dorsal view F female habitus, dorsal view G female habitus, ventral view. Abbreviations: CO = copulatory opening; DP = dorsal plate of the epigyne; FD = fertilization duct; S = spermatheca; VP = ventral plate of epigyne. Scale bars: equal for F and G.
Known only from the type locality, Tibet, China (Fig.
Holotype : ♂ (IZCAS-Ar40333), China, Tibet, Lhoka, Samyai Town, along the way to Qingpu Practice Cave, 29.38°N, 91.55°E, elevation ca. 4231 m, 15.VIII.2018, X. Zhang and J. Liu leg. Paratypes: 1♂1♀ (IZCAS-Ar40334-Ar40335), same data as holotype; 2♀ (IZCAS-Ar40336-Ar40337), Lhoka, Aza Town, along the way to Zonggongbu Cave, 29.37°N, 91.32°E, elevation ca. 4389 m, 14.VIII.2018, X. Zhang and J. Liu leg.
The specific name is a noun in apposition taken from the type locality.
The male of Pimoa samyai sp. nov. resembles P. binchuanensis (see
Left palp of Pimoa samyai sp. nov., holotype A prolateral view B ventral view C retrolateral view. Abbreviations: AS = alveolar sclerite; C = conductor; CDP = cymbial denticulate process; E = embolus; P = paracymbium; PCS = pimoid cymbial sclerite; PEP = pimoid embolic process; T = tegulum. Scale bar: equal for A–C.
Male (holotype): Total length 6.92. Carapace 3.33 long, 2.63 wide. Abdomen 3.59 long, 2.31 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.16, ALE 0.17, PME 0.15, PLE 0.16; AME-AME 0.14, AME-ALE 0.14, PME-PME 0.16, PME-PLE 0.19. Leg measurements: I: 31.92 (8.85, 10.06, 9.74, 3.27); II: 31.40 (8.33, 9.94, 9.99, 3.14); III: 19.81 (5.83, 6.03, 5.96, 1.99); IV: 25.77 (7.31, 8.27, 7.88, 2.31). Habitus as in Fig.
Epigyne and habitus of Pimoa samyai sp. nov., female paratype and male holotype A epigyne, ventral view B schematic course of internal duct system, ventral view C vulva, dorsal view D schematic course of internal duct system, dorsal view E male habitus, dorsal view F female habitus, dorsal view G female habitus, ventral view. Abbreviations: CO = copulatory opening; DP = dorsal plate of the epigyne; FD = fertilization duct; S = spermatheca; VP = ventral plate of epigyne. Scale bars: equal for F and G.
Female (paratype): Total length 10.51. Carapace 4.81 long, 3.46 wide. Abdomen 5.70 long, 4.42 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.20, ALE 0.20, PME 0.19, PLE 0.19; AME-AME 0.16, AME-ALE 0.17, PME-PME 0.17, PME-PLE 0.23. Leg measurements: I: 31.73 (8.91, 10.51, 9.04, 3.27); II: 28.59 (7.95, 9.49, 8.14, 3.01); III: 20.19 (5.83, 6.54, 5.83, 1.99); IV: 26.85 (7.88, 8.97, 7.50, 2.50). Habitus as in Fig.
Known only from the type locality, Tibet, China (Fig.
Holotype : ♂ (IZCAS-Ar40338), China, Tibet, Shigatse, Yadong County, along the way to the Qing Dynasty Customs Site, 27.42°N, 88.92°E, elevation ca. 2953 m, 6.VIII.2018, X. Zhang and J. Liu leg. Paratype: 1♀ (IZCAS-Ar40339), same data as holotype.
The specific name is a noun in apposition taken from the type locality.
The male of Pimoa yadong sp. nov. resembles P. nematoides Hormiga, 1994 (see
Left palp of Pimoa yadong sp. nov., holotype A prolateral view B ventral view C retrolateral view. Abbreviations: AS = alveolar sclerite; CDP = cymbial denticulate process; E = embolus; MA = median apophysis; P = paracymbium; PCS = pimoid cymbial sclerite; PEP = pimoid embolic process; T = tegulum. Scale bar: equal for A–C.
Male (holotype): Total length 8.46. Carapace 4.04 long, 3.27 wide. Abdomen 4.42 long, 2.95 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.21, ALE 0.19, PME 0.18, PLE 0.20; AME-AME 0.13, AME-ALE 0.18, PME-PME 0.17, PME-PLE 0.19. Leg measurements: I: – (11.60, –, –, –); II: – (10.13, –, –, –); III: 24.42 (7.18, 7.56, 7.18, 2.50); IV: – (8.91, 9.94, 9.04, –). Habitus as in Fig.
Epigyne and habitus of Pimoa yadong sp. nov., female paratype and male holotype A epigyne, ventral view B schematic course of internal duct system, ventral view C vulva, dorsal view D schematic course of internal duct system, dorsal view E male habitus, dorsal view F female habitus, dorsal view G female habitus, ventral view. Abbreviations: CO = copulatory opening; DP = dorsal plate of the epigyne; FD = fertilization duct; S = spermatheca; VP = ventral plate of epigyne. Scale bars: equal for F and G.
Female (paratype): Total length 11.86. Carapace 4.55 long, 3.85 wide. Abdomen 7.31 long, 5.38 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.19, ALE 0.22, PME 0.21, PLE 0.22; AME-AME 0.19, AME-ALE 0.26, PME-PME 0.24, PME-PLE 0.28. Leg measurements: I: 43.08 (11.60, 14.04, 12.82, 4.62); II: 34.30 (10.58, 8.91, 11.09, 3.72); III: 24.30 (7.44, 7.69, 6.86, 2.31); IV: – (9.42, –, –, –). Habitus as in Fig.
Known only from the type locality, Tibet, China (Fig.
Distribution of Pimoa species from Asia. Red dots represent new species, green dots represent previously described species. 1 P. anatolica 2 P. binchuanensis 3 P. clavata 4 P. cona sp. nov. 5 P. crispa 6 P. duiba sp. nov. 7 P. gandhii 8 P. indiscreta 9 P. lata 10 P. lemenba sp. nov. 11 P. lihengae 12 P. mainling sp. nov. 13 P. nematoides 14 P. nyingchi sp. nov. 15 P. reniformis 16 P. rongxar sp. nov. 17 P. samyai sp. nov. 18 P. sinuosa 19 P. thaleri 20 P. trifurcata 21 P. wanglangensis 22 P. xinjianensis 23 P. yadong sp. nov.
As a relict group, pimoids are ideal organisms for biogeographic study (
Based on our spider collections in the last years, we have found that many Pimoa species have colonized in the southern region of the Tibetan Plateau. This study describes eight new species, yielding a total of 17 Pimoa species from China. However, this is only the tip of the iceberg of Chinese Pimoa species, and more new species will be reported with further collections. Phylogeographic analysis of Pimoidae from China will be conducted when the majority of Pimoa species appear to be recorded.
We are deeply grateful to Dimitar Dimitrov (Bergen, Norway), Gustavo Hormiga (Washington D.C., USA), and Daniele Polotow (Campinas, Brazil) for providing constructive comments during the review process. Sarah Crews kindly checked the language. This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China to Shuqiang Li (NSFC-31530067).