Research Article |
Corresponding author: Arkady A. Schileyko ( schileyko1965@gmail.com ) Academic editor: Pavel Stoev
© 2019 Arkady A. Schileyko, Evgeniya N. Solovyeva.
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Citation:
Schileyko AA, Solovyeva EN (2019) On the taxonomic position of the enigmatic genus Tonkinodentus Schileyko, 1992 (Chilopoda, Scolopendromorpha): the first molecular data. ZooKeys 840: 133-155. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.840.33635
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The taxonomic position of the monotypic Vietnamese genus Tonkinodentus Schileyko, 1992 (for T. lestes Schileyko, 1992) has been considered in the light of the first obtained molecular data. Both molecular (28S rRNA) and morphological data support the position of this extraordinary eye-less genus within the family Scolopendridae Leach, 1814, a sighted clade, and thus suggests the polyphyly of blind scolopendromorphs. The species diagnosis has been amended and color images of T. lestes provided for the first time.
Extended redescription, molecular analysis, Scolopendridae, taxonomic position, Tonkinodentus, 18S rRNA, 28S rRNA
The monotypic genus Tonkinodentus Schileyko, 1992, based on T. lestes Schileyko, 1992, was described from Vietnam by a single adult specimen lacking the ultimate pair of legs. This enigmatic taxon, originally collected from Boun Ma Thuout in Dak Lak Province (Fig.
In 1994 another (complete) subadult specimen of T. lestes (Fig.
Taking into consideration all these facts,
1 Map of Vietnam showing the places of collection (black circles) of the holotype (Dak Lak Province) and the second specimen (Dong Nai Province) of Tonkinodentus lestes Schileyko, 1992; Tonkinodentus lestes Schileyko, 1992, holotype (Rc 6358) 2 general view, dorsally 3 general view, ventrally 4 head plate and LBS 1, dorsal view.
All the studied material is deposited in the Zoological Museum of Moscow Lomonosov State University (
A tissue sample of T. lestes was taken from the 75% ethanol preserved specimen (voucher number Rc 6555 in
We amplified a fragment of the 28S rRNA nuclear gene. The DNA was highly degraded, so short fragments (100–200 bp) were obtained using the combination of internal primers designed for this study (Appendix
The PCR program for amplification of short fragments included an initial denaturation at 95 °C for 3 min, 45 cycles of 95 °C for 30 s, annealing temperature (see Appendix
Additional sequences of 28S rRNA and 18S rRNA of various scolopendromorphs (including the members of Scolopendrinae, i.e. potential close relatives of T. lestes) were downloaded from GenBank (see Appendix
Sequences of T. lestes were checked and put in contig using Seqman 5.06 (
The optimum partitioning schemes were identified with PartitionFinder (
The ML trees were generated in IQ tree (
Tonkinodentus lestes Schileyko, 1992 (by monotypy).
Central Vietnam, Dak Lak (Darlak) Province; South Vietnam, Dong Nai Province.
Tonkinodentus lestes
Tonkinodentus lestes: Schileyko 1995: 74.
Tonkinodentus lestes:
Central Vietnam, Dak Lak (Darlak) Province, environs of Boun Ma Thuot.
Dak Lak (Darlak) Province, ca 15 km of Buon Ma Thuot, Eakmat, 450 m, 1–5.05.1986, col. L.N. Medvedev, 1 spec. (holotype, Rc 6358); Dong Nai Province, Ma Da Forest, Dipterocarpus area, soil samples, 19.10.1994, col. N.V. Beliaeva, 1 spec. (Rc 6555).
Cephalic plate lacking any sutures, its posterior margin overlapped by tergite 1; eyes absent (Figs
[data concerning the non-type specimen in square brackets]
Length of body ca 45 [34] mm. Color in ethanol: entire animal uniformly yellow-brownish (Figs
Antennae of 19 articles (in the both specimens left antenna of 19 and right one of 18, as the corresponding apical article seems to be broken off), reaching the anterior margin of tergite 5 [5.5–6] when reflexed. Basal articles 6 or 7, with a very few long setae, subsequent articles densely pilose. Basal antennal articles flattened.
Cephalic plate (Figs
Maxillae 2: the second article of telopodite distally with dorsal spur. Dorsal brush very poorly visible, consisting of short, delicate and transparent setae; apical setae no longer than pretarsus. Uniformly brown pretarsus (Fig.
Forcipular segment: coxosternite with shortly branched medial suture which is as long as 1/3 of coxosternal length; 2 short sutures stretched caudo-laterad from median diastema (Fig.
Tergite 1 without sutures (Figs
Sternites 2–20 (Figs
Composition of pleuron (Fig.
Legs (Figs
Ultimate LBS visibly shorter than penultimate (Fig.
[Ultimate legs (Figs
The known material consists of two specimens only, neither of which are in perfect condition. More material is needed to investigate the anatomy (e.g. peristomatic structures, foregut, gizzard).
All differences between the holotype and the second specimen are explicable by the latter being a subadult. The much paler and considerably softer cuticle the second specimen suggests that it is newly moulted. Because of this, some delicate structures (e.g. forcipular sutures, leg spurs) are less evident than in the holotype. The most delicate parts (maxillae, antennae, legs) are somewhat deformed (wrinkled) in the holotype, but in the second specimen, the ventral surfaces of the apical articles of the ultimate legs are deformed (unnaturally concave).
Eight specimens of Cormocephalus dentipes Pocock, 1891 (Rc 7518, 7013, 7028, 7231, 7233) from India (Assam and Punjab states), Western Nepal and Indonesia (Sumatra, Medan) demonstrate virtually the same structure of the sagittaly bisected process of the forcipular trochanteroprefemur (Fig.
The genus Tonkinodentus conforms to the Scolopendrinae and differs from members of both the Plutoniumidae and Cryptopidae Kohlrausch, 1881 by: (1) the presence of paired sternal longitudinal sutures (Figs
Summing up, the genus Tonkinodentus is morphologically the typical representative of the subfamily Scolopendrinae (and namely of the former tribe Scolopendrini Leach, 1814) and is the most similar to the genus Scolopendra L., 1758, but differs readily from the latter by the absence of eyes and the peculiarities of the forcipular segment.
Tonkinodentus lestes Schileyko, 1992; Holotype (Rc 6358) 5 anterior margin of forcipular coxosternite, ventral view 6 head, forcipular segment and LBS 1–2, ventral view 7 LBS 12, ventral view; non-type (Rc 6555) 8 general view, laterally; Holotype (Rc 6358) 9 left side of LBS 2–4, lateral view; (asp) – accessory spines, (bs) – basal sutures of tooth-plates, (cl) – chitin-line, (dhp) – dorsal half of process of trochanteroprefemur, (im) – pleural intersclerite membrane, (lmd) – longitudinal median depression, (ms) – medial suture, (pr) – leg pretarsus, (ps) – paramedian suture, (pt) – process of trochanteroprefemur, (sp) – slit-like spiracle of LBS 3, (ss) – short caudo-lateral suture, (tp) – tooth-plate, (tr) – tarsungula, (ts) – leg tarsal spur, (t1) – leg tarsus 1, (t2) – leg tarsus 2, (vhp) – ventral half of process of trochanteroprefemur.
Tonkinodentus lestes Schileyko, 1992; Holotype (Rc 6358) 10 LBS 20–21, ventro-lateral view 11 LBS 20–21, ventral view; non-type (Rc 6555) 12 LBS 21 and ultimate legs, dorso-lateral view 13 head plate and LBS 1, dorsal view 14 LBS 13, ventral view; (as) – apical spine(s) of coxopleural process, (cp) – coxopleural process, (cps) – coxopleural posterior spine, (cs) – corner spine of ultimate prefemur, (f) – femur, (g) – gonopod, (pf) – prefemur, (ps) – paramedian sutures, (sas) – subapical spine(s) of coxopleural process, (t) – tibia, (t1) – tarsus 1, (t2) – tarsus 2, (us) – ultimate sternite, (vlp) – distal ventro-lateral process, (vs) – ventral spine(s) of coxopleural process.
Tonkinodentus lestes Schileyko, 1992; Holotype (Rc 6358) 15 LBS 20–21, dorsal view; non-type (Rc 6555) 16 LBS 21 and ultimate prefemora, ventro-lateral view 17 LBS 21 and right ultimate prefemur, ventral view 18 femur, tibia, and tarsus 1 of left (lateral view) and right (medial view) ultimate leg; Holotype (Rc 6358) 19 maxillae 2 and anterior part of forcipular segment, ventral view; Cormocephalus dentipes Pocock, 1891, adult Rc 7013 20 anterior margin of forcipular coxosternite, ventral view; (as) – apical spines of coxopleural process, (asp) – accessory spines, (at) – apical article of telopodite of maxilla 2, (cp) – coxopleural process, (cps) – coxopleural posterior spine, (cs) – corner spine of ultimate prefemur, (dhp) – dorsal half of process of trochanteroprefemur, (f) – femur, (g) – gonopod, (lm) – lateral margination, (ls) – lateral spine(s) of coxopleural process, (mds) – median suture, (ms) – medial spine(s) of ultimate prefemur, (pa) – coxopleural posterior poreless area, (pr) – pretarsus, (ps) – paramedian suture(s), (sas) – subapical spine(s) of coxopleural process, (t) – tibia, (t1) – tarsus 1, (us) – ultimate sternite, (ut) – ultimate tergite, (vhp) – ventral half of process of trochanteroprefemur, (vlp) – distal ventro-lateral process, (vls) – ventrolateral spine(s) of ultimate prefemur, (vms) – ventromedial spine(s) of ultimate prefemur.
2.1. Sequence characteristics
We obtained 175 b.p. of 28S rRNA of Tonkinodentus lestes. The complete matrix included sequences from 40 species. Information on the length of 28S and 18S fragments and variability is given in Appendix
2.2. Phylogenetic analysis
The results of the phylogenetic analysis are presented in Figures
The question of the correct taxonomic position of Tonkinodentus (in fact, the first eye-less scolopendrid) is connected directly with the problem of mono- vs paraphyly of the blind scolopendromorphs. An origin of the family Cryptopidae sensu Attems (1930), or the “blind clade” sensu
It is interesting that the results of the purely morphological investigations demonstrate that the para- vs monophyly of the blind scolopendromorphs depends on the parameters of the analysis (
In contrast, both molecular and/or combined analyses supported the monophyly of the eye-less clade (
Morphology and Sanger sequence data reviewed above have been inconclusive with regards to the monophyly of a clade uniting the blind scolopendromorphs (except for Tonkinodentus); this grouping is robustly supported by phylogenomic data (
The only mention of Tonkinodentus within this discussion has been made by
As it was already noted above,
Work with ancient DNA from long-preserved museum collections is now an important and developing, but complicated, phylogenetic approach. In this study of T. lestes, DNA was so degraded and in so small an amount that two different methods of DNA extraction were used, and only two short fragments of 28S rRNA were obtained.
Both morphological and the first molecular data unequivocally support the position of blind Tonkinodentus inside sighted Scolopendridae. The position of Tonkinodentus among the members of Scolopendrinae (i.e. non-blind scolopendromorphs with slit-like spiracles covered by a “flap”) is well confirmed by morphological data, but has quite low nodal support in our phylogenetic analysis. More fresh materials are necessary to complete both internal anatomical and molecular studies of this enigmatic scolopendrid.
The position of T. lestes within the sighted family Scolopendridae coincides with hypothesis that blind scolopendromorphs are non-monophyletic, although phylogenomics strongly supports monophyly of a clade of the three obligately blind families.
We thank both collectors of the specimens of Tonkinodentus lestes. We are very grateful to the Director of
species | 28S | 18S |
---|---|---|
Akymnopellis chilensis | HQ402521 | HQ402503 |
Alipes grandidieri | HM453273 | KF676422 |
Arthrorhabdus formosus | HQ402522 | HQ402504 |
Asanada brevicornis | HQ402523 | HQ402505 |
Asanada socotrana | HQ402524 | HQ402506 |
Campylostigmus decipiens | HQ402525 | HQ402507 |
Campylostigmus orientalis | HQ402526 | HQ402508 |
Cormocephalus aurantiipes | HQ402527 | HQ402509 |
Cormocephalus monteithi | HM453274 | AF173249 |
Craterostigmus tasmanianus | HM453266 | AF000774 |
Cryptops australis | AY288708 | AY288692 |
Cryptops spinipes | AY288709 | AY288693 |
Cryptops trisulcatus | AF000783 | AF000775 |
Cryptops weberi | HQ402535 | HQ402518 |
Digitipes cf. barnabasi 1 | JN003983 | – |
Digitipes cf. barnabasi 2 | JN003987 | – |
Digitipes cf. coonoorensis | JN003979 | – |
Digitipes sp. | JN003980 | – |
Edentistoma octosulcatum | KM492928 | KM492930 |
Ethmostigmus rubripes | HM453276 | KF676424 |
Hemiscolopendra marginata | HQ402530 | HQ402513 |
Newportia longitarsis | HM453281 | HM453236 |
Newportia monticola | HQ402531 | HQ402514 |
Newportia quadrimeropus | HQ402529 | HQ402511 |
Notiasemus glauerti | KF676405 | KF676456 |
Otostigmus astenus | HQ402532 | HQ402515 |
Otostigmus caraibicus | HQ402533 | HQ402516 |
Otostigmus rugulosus | HQ402534 | HQ402517 |
Rhysida afra | HQ402536 | – |
Rhysida nuda | HM453277 | AF173252 |
Scolopendra cingulata | HM453275 | U29493 |
Scolopendra morsitans | HQ402537 | HQ402519 |
Scolopendra subspinipes | HQ402538 | HQ402520 |
Scolopendra viridis | DQ222134 | DQ201419 |
Scolopocryptops miersii | HQ402528 | JX422720 |
Scolopocryptops sexspinosus | AY288710 | AY288694 |
Sterropristes violaceus | KF676377 | KF676428 |
Theatops erythrocephalus | HM453279 | AF000776 |
Theatops posticus | HM453280 | AY288695 |
Tonkinodentus lestes | MK517656 | – |
Sequence characteristics. Cons. = conservative sites, Var. = variative sites, Pars.-Inf. = parsimony informative sites.
Locus | Length (b.p.) | Cons. | Var. | Pars.-Inf. | Nucleotide frequencies (%) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
T/U | C | A | G | |||||
28S | 1743 | 945 | 744 | 381 | 18.5 | 25.7 | 23.8 | 31.9 |
18S | 1913 | 1662 | 237 | 120 | 23.4 | 24.7 | 23.7 | 28.2 |
Uncorrected p-distances (%) for sequences of 28S nuDNA gene for species (above diagonal). Standard error estimates are shown above the diagonal.
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | 32 | 33 | 34 | 35 | 36 | 37 | 38 | 39 | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Akymnopellis chilensis | 0.83 | 0.73 | 0.77 | 0.76 | 0.82 | 0.96 | 0.87 | 0.63 | 2.00 | 1.82 | 1.84 | 0.84 | 1.83 | 1.24 | 1.26 | 1.53 | 1.66 | 0.77 | 0.76 | 0.98 | 0.95 | 1.15 | 1.58 | 0.66 | 0.66 | 0.68 | 0.84 | 0.60 | 0.65 | 1.06 | 1.88 | 0.75 | 1.65 | 0.66 | 0.79 | 0.89 | 0.96 | 1.03 | |
2 | Alipes grandidieri | 8.34 | 0.83 | 1.02 | 0.86 | 1.04 | 1.03 | 1.12 | 0.73 | 1.97 | 2.08 | 2.04 | 1.02 | 1.58 | 1.01 | 0.93 | 1.13 | 1.46 | 0.61 | 1.05 | 0.99 | 1.23 | 1.22 | 1.68 | 0.67 | 0.58 | 0.66 | 0.89 | 0.84 | 0.78 | 1.40 | 2.19 | 0.99 | 1.27 | 0.66 | 0.67 | 0.92 | 1.03 | 1.03 | |
3 | Arthrorhabdus formosus | 8.33 | 10.27 | 0.78 | 0.69 | 0.84 | 0.91 | 0.94 | 0.72 | 2.04 | 1.83 | 1.85 | 0.82 | 1.89 | 1.39 | 1.33 | 1.66 | 1.72 | 0.79 | 0.83 | 1.04 | 0.95 | 1.18 | 1.69 | 0.71 | 0.72 | 0.72 | 0.84 | 0.69 | 0.70 | 1.07 | 1.91 | 0.79 | 1.64 | 0.70 | 0.82 | 0.87 | 1.00 | 1.28 | |
4 | Asanada brevicornis | 5.07 | 5.80 | 6.38 | 0.69 | 0.64 | 0.73 | 0.73 | 0.58 | n/c | n/c | n/c | 0.90 | n/c | 7.00 | n/c | n/c | n/c | 0.84 | 0.66 | 1.39 | 0.85 | 1.14 | n/c | 0.68 | 0.73 | 0.73 | 0.85 | 0.60 | 0.72 | 0.86 | n/c | 0.65 | n/c | 0.74 | 0.87 | 1.08 | 0.89 | 1.32 | |
5 | Asanada socotrana | 6.76 | 7.91 | 7.64 | 4.52 | 0.76 | 0.80 | 0.88 | 0.75 | 2.26 | 2.03 | 2.05 | 0.76 | 2.07 | 1.41 | 1.46 | 1.72 | 1.96 | 0.82 | 0.80 | 1.02 | 0.95 | 1.43 | 1.98 | 0.68 | 0.68 | 0.69 | 0.79 | 0.63 | 0.67 | 1.07 | 2.08 | 0.81 | 1.92 | 0.73 | 0.78 | 0.86 | 0.93 | 1.82 | |
6 | Campylostigmus decipiens | 5.23 | 6.00 | 6.97 | 3.86 | 5.30 | 0.59 | 0.55 | 0.61 | n/c | n/c | n/c | 0.92 | n/c | 7.00 | n/c | n/c | n/c | 0.93 | 0.73 | 1.45 | 0.91 | 1.27 | n/c | 0.78 | 0.74 | 0.75 | 0.86 | 0.70 | 0.79 | 0.95 | n/c | 0.71 | n/c | 0.77 | 0.96 | 1.16 | 1.00 | 1.67 | |
7 | Campylostigmus orientalis | 7.04 | 6.45 | 8.13 | 5.10 | 6.59 | 3.41 | 0.74 | 0.75 | n/c | n/c | n/c | 0.97 | n/c | 7.00 | n/c | n/c | n/c | 1.01 | 0.77 | 1.51 | 0.99 | 1.27 | n/c | 0.86 | 0.85 | 0.80 | 0.95 | 0.75 | 0.81 | 0.95 | n/c | 0.77 | n/c | 0.80 | 1.07 | 1.20 | 1.09 | 1.67 | |
8 | Cormocephalus aurantiipes | 5.14 | 7.41 | 8.01 | 4.97 | 6.73 | 2.41 | 5.04 | 0.68 | n/c | n/c | n/c | 0.95 | n/c | 7.00 | n/c | n/c | n/c | 1.02 | 0.77 | 1.47 | 0.99 | 1.27 | n/c | 0.86 | 0.88 | 0.87 | 0.87 | 0.65 | 0.77 | 0.99 | n/c | 0.68 | n/c | 0.87 | 1.03 | 1.19 | 1.10 | 1.60 | |
9 | Cormocephalus monteithi | 5.14 | 7.92 | 7.40 | 1.89 | 6.02 | 2.07 | 3.37 | 2.43 | 2.11 | 1.93 | 1.96 | 0.88 | 1.91 | 1.41 | 1.39 | 1.65 | 1.82 | 0.69 | 0.60 | 0.96 | 0.90 | 1.03 | 1.53 | 0.67 | 0.72 | 0.71 | 0.71 | 0.69 | 0.69 | 1.22 | 1.91 | 0.67 | 1.72 | 0.68 | 0.71 | 0.78 | 0.85 | 1.04 | |
10 | Cryptops australis | 17.96 | 19.53 | 20.76 | n/c | 19.42 | n/c | n/c | n/c | 20.00 | 1.79 | 1.77 | 2.26 | 2.15 | 2.05 | 2.03 | 2.17 | 2.07 | 1.97 | n/c | 2.24 | n/c | n/c | 2.10 | 2.00 | 2.00 | 2.01 | 1.98 | 1.99 | 2.00 | n/c | 2.02 | n/c | 2.02 | 2.00 | 1.91 | 2.04 | n/c | n/c | |
11 | Cryptops spinipes | 16.27 | 21.47 | 19.71 | n/c | 18.79 | n/c | n/c | n/c | 17.44 | 16.94 | 1.83 | 2.20 | 2.25 | 2.11 | 2.08 | 2.24 | 2.12 | 1.99 | n/c | 2.19 | n/c | n/c | 1.88 | 1.99 | 1.91 | 1.94 | 1.80 | 1.86 | 1.97 | n/c | 1.89 | n/c | 1.87 | 2.02 | 1.91 | 1.93 | n/c | n/c | |
12 | Cryptops trisulcatus | 19.32 | 21.33 | 20.33 | n/c | 19.67 | n/c | n/c | n/c | 20.45 | 17.63 | 18.31 | 2.20 | 2.23 | 2.18 | 2.14 | 2.34 | 2.23 | 2.07 | n/c | 2.14 | n/c | n/c | 1.99 | 2.05 | 2.08 | 2.08 | 2.04 | 1.99 | 1.94 | n/c | 1.93 | n/c | 2.10 | 2.17 | 1.97 | 1.93 | n/c | n/c | |
13 | Cryptops weberi | 11.26 | 13.36 | 12.79 | 7.90 | 10.80 | 8.68 | 9.73 | 10.13 | 10.57 | 21.63 | 18.37 | 16.39 | 2.27 | 1.66 | 1.69 | 2.10 | 2.26 | 0.98 | 0.92 | 1.03 | 0.89 | 1.22 | 2.28 | 0.82 | 0.79 | 0.79 | 0.91 | 0.76 | 0.82 | 1.02 | 2.13 | 0.94 | 2.28 | 0.84 | 1.01 | 0.92 | 0.96 | 1.65 | |
14 | Digitipes cf. barnabasi 1 | 12.77 | 8.14 | 15.81 | n/c | 13.51 | n/c | n/c | n/c | 13.98 | 21.59 | 23.58 | 22.87 | 18.75 | 1.27 | 1.23 | 1.31 | 1.72 | 1.57 | n/c | 2.27 | n/c | n/c | 2.06 | 1.53 | 1.44 | 1.44 | 2.08 | 1.84 | 1.92 | n/c | 2.27 | n/c | 1.72 | 1.29 | 1.57 | 2.02 | n/c | n/c | |
15 | Digitipes cf. barnabasi 2 | 10.58 | 6.47 | 14.62 | 34.04 | 12.22 | 34.04 | 34.04 | 34.04 | 13.02 | 21.63 | 21.12 | 22.45 | 19.66 | 6.47 | 0.40 | 0.00 | 1.30 | 0.92 | 6.81 | 1.55 | 6.81 | n/c | 1.89 | 0.99 | 0.97 | 0.93 | 1.50 | 1.42 | 1.38 | 3.11 | 2.19 | 7.00 | 1.45 | 1.09 | 1.01 | 1.44 | 2.39 | n/c | |
16 | Digitipes sp. 1 | 10.89 | 5.10 | 13.84 | n/c | 10.79 | n/c | n/c | n/c | 11.96 | 21.12 | 21.23 | 22.61 | 18.87 | 6.41 | 1.01 | 0.24 | 1.36 | 0.89 | n/c | 1.55 | n/c | n/c | 1.90 | 0.92 | 0.84 | 0.84 | 1.03 | 0.94 | 1.44 | 2.35 | 1.47 | 1.39 | n/c | 1.38 | 3.52 | 2.16 | 1.39 | n/c | |
17 | Digitipes cf. coonoorensis | 10.44 | 5.00 | 12.99 | n/c | 12.06 | n/c | n/c | n/c | 11.40 | 21.55 | 20.67 | 22.12 | 17.26 | 6.48 | 0.00 | 0.25 | 1.32 | 0.99 | n/c | 1.69 | n/c | n/c | 2.01 | 1.06 | 1.04 | 0.98 | 0.97 | 0.94 | 1.64 | 2.00 | 1.71 | 1.67 | n/c | 1.56 | 11.45 | 2.21 | 1.47 | n/c | |
18 | Edentistoma octosulcatum | 13.53 | 8.59 | 14.20 | n/c | 13.45 | n/c | n/c | n/c | 14.66 | 20.65 | 20.53 | 22.19 | 18.86 | 11.28 | 6.67 | 7.16 | 6.21 | 1.16 | n/c | 2.11 | n/c | n/c | 1.86 | 1.34 | 1.41 | 1.25 | 1.46 | 1.44 | 1.97 | n/c | 1.75 | 1.75 | n/c | 1.71 | n/c | 2.15 | 1.38 | n/c | |
19 | Ethmostigmus rubripes | 8.71 | 4.61 | 9.29 | 4.39 | 7.71 | 4.96 | 6.40 | 6.19 | 7.49 | 20.47 | 21.47 | 21.61 | 12.76 | 9.65 | 6.82 | 5.01 | 4.21 | 6.03 | 0.90 | 0.95 | 1.06 | 1.17 | 1.71 | 0.59 | 0.61 | 0.55 | 0.66 | 0.58 | 0.87 | 0.95 | 0.81 | 0.78 | 0.93 | 0.79 | 1.30 | 2.12 | 1.25 | 1.17 | |
20 | Hemiscolopendra marginata | 5.75 | 6.04 | 7.74 | 4.71 | 5.50 | 4.70 | 6.08 | 5.95 | 2.06 | n/c | n/c | n/c | 9.32 | n/c | 31.91 | n/c | n/c | n/c | 5.81 | 1.45 | 0.95 | 1.00 | n/c | 0.84 | 0.79 | 0.76 | 0.91 | 0.66 | 0.70 | 0.92 | n/c | 0.70 | n/c | 0.77 | 1.06 | 1.13 | 0.91 | 0.88 | |
21 | Newportia longitarsis | 19.24 | 17.27 | 20.02 | 17.20 | 15.80 | 17.70 | 19.25 | 18.47 | 15.79 | 27.74 | 26.52 | 25.81 | 19.45 | 23.93 | 20.53 | 20.11 | 17.49 | 26.09 | 16.61 | 18.10 | 1.35 | 0.53 | 2.16 | 1.03 | 0.98 | 1.00 | 1.08 | 1.01 | 0.99 | 1.34 | 2.25 | 1.37 | 2.14 | 1.03 | 0.96 | 0.97 | 1.20 | 1.24 | |
22 | Newportia monticola | 8.42 | 8.04 | 11.03 | 6.50 | 9.13 | 7.50 | 10.11 | 9.11 | 4.30 | n/c | n/c | n/c | 9.10 | n/c | 31.91 | n/c | n/c | n/c | 7.24 | 8.29 | 15.81 | 0.53 | n/c | 1.04 | 0.96 | 0.94 | 1.12 | 0.93 | 0.94 | 0.93 | n/c | 0.89 | n/c | 0.95 | 1.22 | 1.14 | 1.03 | 1.24 | |
23 | Newportia quadrimeropus | 3.89 | 4.59 | 4.24 | 4.24 | 6.03 | 4.95 | 4.95 | 4.95 | 3.18 | n/c | n/c | n/c | 4.26 | n/c | n/c | n/c | n/c | n/c | 3.89 | 3.18 | 0.71 | 0.71 | n/c | 1.20 | 1.20 | 1.19 | 1.47 | 1.17 | 1.18 | 0.97 | n/c | 1.14 | n/c | 1.13 | 1.19 | 1.16 | 1.12 | 1.30 | |
24 | Notiasemus glauerti | 11.24 | 13.47 | 13.39 | n/c | 17.71 | n/c | n/c | n/c | 14.00 | 20.17 | 20.45 | 21.51 | 22.26 | 15.90 | 14.46 | 14.29 | 15.11 | 16.29 | 14.57 | n/c | 26.93 | n/c | n/c | 1.70 | 1.75 | 1.82 | 1.63 | 1.60 | 1.78 | n/c | 1.94 | n/c | 1.76 | 1.76 | 1.83 | 1.83 | n/c | n/c | |
25 | Otostigmus astenus | 7.09 | 5.00 | 10.41 | 4.73 | 7.50 | 5.61 | 7.22 | 7.46 | 7.08 | 20.41 | 20.53 | 21.55 | 12.55 | 8.50 | 6.79 | 4.94 | 4.28 | 7.84 | 4.63 | 6.73 | 18.56 | 10.66 | 4.26 | 13.71 | 0.56 | 0.52 | 0.87 | 0.71 | 0.65 | 1.08 | 2.06 | 0.70 | 1.40 | 0.55 | 0.72 | 0.94 | 0.97 | 1.17 | |
26 | Otostigmus caraibicus | 7.63 | 4.78 | 9.20 | 5.36 | 8.27 | 5.75 | 6.86 | 7.47 | 7.30 | 20.41 | 20.23 | 21.27 | 12.75 | 9.04 | 7.03 | 4.88 | 5.43 | 9.32 | 5.75 | 6.09 | 19.57 | 9.82 | 4.26 | 13.39 | 5.25 | 0.49 | 0.85 | 0.65 | 0.64 | 1.06 | 2.11 | 0.77 | 1.32 | 0.53 | 0.68 | 0.88 | 0.92 | 1.18 | |
27 | Otostigmus rugulosus | 7.74 | 4.95 | 9.22 | 5.34 | 8.12 | 6.23 | 6.37 | 7.37 | 7.55 | 20.12 | 19.94 | 21.27 | 12.30 | 8.75 | 6.55 | 5.04 | 4.44 | 7.10 | 4.09 | 5.87 | 19.57 | 8.91 | 4.24 | 15.10 | 4.71 | 3.87 | 0.86 | 0.68 | 0.65 | 1.07 | 2.06 | 0.73 | 1.38 | 0.52 | 0.64 | 0.86 | 1.02 | 1.17 | |
28 | Scolopendra cingulata | 8.25 | 10.99 | 9.34 | 4.63 | 8.05 | 4.26 | 5.76 | 4.80 | 6.95 | 19.82 | 18.16 | 20.06 | 13.92 | 14.33 | 16.05 | 15.22 | 12.88 | 14.71 | 9.75 | 5.18 | 18.48 | 6.70 | 6.41 | 14.87 | 10.67 | 10.50 | 10.69 | 0.51 | 0.90 | 1.37 | 2.08 | 0.86 | 1.70 | 0.90 | 0.86 | 0.90 | 1.07 | 1.87 | |
29 | Scolopendra subspinipes | 5.57 | 9.05 | 7.44 | 3.22 | 6.53 | 3.47 | 4.49 | 3.34 | 5.77 | 19.64 | 20.06 | 20.85 | 13.06 | 12.15 | 14.75 | 13.51 | 11.72 | 13.77 | 8.55 | 3.46 | 18.98 | 7.18 | 3.89 | 13.65 | 8.33 | 8.14 | 8.68 | 3.25 | 0.69 | 1.09 | 2.07 | 0.51 | 1.56 | 0.68 | 0.82 | 0.86 | 1.01 | 1.06 | |
30 | Scolopendra viridis | 7.10 | 9.75 | 7.58 | 5.29 | 7.21 | 5.51 | 6.58 | 6.46 | 6.47 | 19.88 | 18.81 | 19.83 | 12.60 | 14.68 | 14.40 | 12.92 | 10.91 | 12.83 | 9.29 | 4.69 | 19.95 | 8.13 | 4.24 | 13.51 | 8.61 | 8.35 | 8.77 | 9.67 | 7.68 | 1.08 | 1.87 | 0.69 | 1.75 | 0.68 | 0.78 | 0.82 | 1.04 | 1.13 | |
31 | Scolopocryptops miersii | 15.59 | 18.52 | 15.18 | 7.69 | 15.05 | 7.65 | 9.43 | 9.69 | 14.85 | n/c | n/c | n/c | 17.69 | n/c | 46.33 | 49.70 | 61.90 | n/c | 19.07 | 8.86 | 25.30 | 9.58 | 2.50 | n/c | 16.53 | 16.63 | 15.90 | 20.96 | 17.11 | 16.16 | n/c | 0.85 | n/c | 1.05 | 1.32 | 1.31 | 1.34 | 1.42 | |
32 | Scolopocryptops sexspinosus | 20.70 | 25.28 | 20.46 | n/c | 18.98 | n/c | n/c | n/c | 18.90 | 22.38 | 20.79 | 25.14 | 21.65 | 25.53 | 25.82 | 25.59 | 25.00 | 25.21 | 25.07 | n/c | 27.16 | n/c | n/c | 23.33 | 24.44 | 24.44 | 24.44 | 21.70 | 21.19 | 19.48 | n/c | n/c | 2.11 | 2.18 | 2.10 | 1.86 | n/c | n/c | |
33 | Scolopendra morsitans | 4.36 | 6.55 | 6.44 | 4.59 | 5.68 | 4.34 | 5.43 | 3.80 | 2.63 | n/c | n/c | n/c | 9.13 | n/c | 34.04 | n/c | n/c | n/c | 5.87 | 4.80 | 17.25 | 8.20 | 4.24 | n/c | 5.20 | 6.31 | 6.42 | 4.24 | 2.18 | 5.00 | 8.51 | n/c | n/c | 0.75 | 0.92 | 1.08 | 1.00 | 1.29 | |
34 | Sterropristes violaceus | 12.35 | 6.15 | 13.83 | n/c | 13.15 | n/c | n/c | n/c | 14.24 | 21.64 | 21.22 | 22.70 | 20.85 | 10.65 | 7.56 | 7.49 | 7.52 | 8.84 | 6.08 | n/c | 26.32 | n/c | n/c | 15.06 | 7.56 | 6.61 | 7.44 | 13.27 | 11.75 | 12.54 | n/c | 25.07 | n/c | 1.34 | 1.43 | 1.86 | n/c | n/c | |
35 | Rhysida afra | 8.09 | 6.50 | 10.41 | 5.34 | 8.82 | 6.13 | 6.87 | 7.48 | 7.98 | 21.30 | 20.53 | 21.61 | 13.11 | 6.73 | 9.62 | 8.16 | 4.48 | 8.26 | 6.78 | 6.62 | 20.31 | 9.43 | 3.90 | 13.51 | 5.64 | 6.31 | 5.46 | 11.46 | 9.38 | 9.22 | 16.86 | 24.10 | 5.81 | 7.28 | 0.67 | 0.91 | 1.01 | 1.04 | |
36 | Rhysida nuda | 8.96 | 5.15 | 11.10 | 4.57 | 7.14 | 4.76 | 7.62 | 6.84 | 7.63 | 19.82 | 20.53 | 21.27 | 13.21 | 9.68 | 7.23 | 5.73 | 3.54 | 8.45 | 4.20 | 8.09 | 16.53 | 11.79 | 4.24 | 16.24 | 6.67 | 6.16 | 5.22 | 10.47 | 8.42 | 9.84 | 18.56 | 23.08 | 6.05 | 7.24 | 6.48 | 0.90 | 0.95 | 1.17 | |
37 | Theatops erythrocephalus | 10.68 | 11.07 | 11.28 | 6.75 | 8.32 | 6.97 | 8.40 | 8.98 | 8.42 | 18.21 | 16.08 | 20.00 | 11.77 | 16.41 | 15.40 | 14.52 | 11.75 | 15.88 | 11.56 | 7.91 | 15.74 | 8.01 | 3.53 | 16.13 | 11.43 | 11.91 | 11.21 | 11.36 | 10.49 | 11.11 | 18.53 | 19.01 | 7.52 | 15.99 | 11.89 | 11.64 | 0.82 | 1.41 | |
38 | Theatops posticus | 8.63 | 8.69 | 9.92 | 4.81 | 6.20 | 5.34 | 6.23 | 6.59 | 7.62 | n/c | n/c | n/c | 12.45 | n/c | 20.57 | 18.88 | 3.03 | n/c | 8.91 | 4.33 | 17.37 | 6.00 | 3.18 | n/c | 9.87 | 9.62 | 10.17 | 12.50 | 11.28 | 10.76 | 19.09 | n/c | 5.71 | n/c | 10.33 | 8.72 | 7.44 | 1.34 | |
39 |
Tonkinodentus lestes |
2.29 | 2.29 | 3.43 | 3.43 | 6.29 | 5.71 | 5.71 | 5.14 | 2.29 | n/c | n/c | n/c | 6.32 | n/c | n/c | n/c | n/c | n/c | 2.86 | 1.71 | 2.86 | 2.86 | 3.43 | n/c | 2.86 | 2.87 | 2.86 | 6.94 | 2.29 | 2.86 | 4.00 | n/c | 3.43 | n/c | 2.29 | 2.86 | 4.00 | 3.43 |
Uncorrected p-distances (%) for sequences of 18S nuDNA gene for species (above diagonal). Standard error estimates are shown above the diagonal.
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | 32 | 33 | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Akymnopellis chilensis | 0.41 | 0.37 | 0.32 | 0.38 | 0.42 | 0.30 | 0.40 | 0.47 | 0.42 | 0.43 | 0.30 | 0.29 | 0.37 | 0.36 | 0.28 | 0.45 | 0.39 | 0.37 | 0.28 | 0.38 | 0.36 | 0.35 | 0.33 | 0.29 | 0.34 | 0.31 | 0.30 | 0.42 | 0.36 | 0.35 | 0.36 | 0.36 | |
2 | Alipes grandidieri | 2.67 | 0.42 | 0.35 | 0.41 | 0.31 | 0.36 | 0.45 | 0.46 | 0.43 | 0.45 | 0.36 | 0.35 | 0.28 | 0.26 | 0.33 | 0.42 | 0.40 | 0.38 | 0.32 | 0.26 | 0.27 | 0.26 | 0.27 | 0.33 | 0.37 | 0.32 | 0.33 | 0.42 | 0.35 | 0.26 | 0.36 | 0.35 | |
3 | Arthrorhabdus formosus | 2.86 | 3.01 | 0.33 | 0.42 | 0.32 | 0.31 | 0.45 | 0.49 | 0.45 | 0.46 | 0.32 | 0.28 | 0.38 | 0.33 | 0.30 | 0.47 | 0.40 | 0.41 | 0.30 | 0.35 | 0.35 | 0.34 | 0.35 | 0.34 | 0.35 | 0.31 | 0.30 | 0.43 | 0.37 | 0.36 | 0.38 | 0.37 | |
4 | Asanada brevicornis | 1.90 | 1.95 | 2.23 | 0.28 | 0.24 | 0.24 | 0.44 | 0.48 | 0.44 | 0.44 | 0.24 | 0.21 | 0.31 | 0.28 | 0.21 | 0.41 | 0.35 | 0.37 | 0.21 | 0.29 | 0.28 | 0.28 | 0.28 | 0.19 | 0.27 | 0.15 | 0.26 | 0.38 | 0.32 | 0.28 | 0.30 | 0.31 | |
5 | Asanada socotrana | 2.79 | 2.61 | 2.89 | 1.30 | 0.31 | 0.33 | 0.45 | 0.53 | 0.48 | 0.47 | 0.34 | 0.32 | 0.36 | 0.34 | 0.30 | 0.48 | 0.39 | 0.41 | 0.31 | 0.34 | 0.32 | 0.33 | 0.33 | 0.31 | 0.33 | 0.27 | 0.34 | 0.45 | 0.39 | 0.34 | 0.35 | 0.35 | |
6 | Campylostigmus decipiens | 2.33 | 1.24 | 1.49 | 0.74 | 1.24 | 0.09 | 0.46 | 0.52 | 0.44 | 0.44 | 0.14 | 0.19 | 0.30 | 0.29 | 0.25 | 0.33 | 0.41 | 0.35 | 0.20 | 0.30 | 0.29 | 0.28 | 0.27 | 0.25 | 0.31 | 0.24 | 0.23 | 0.36 | 0.33 | 0.31 | 0.38 | 0.39 | |
7 | Campylostigmus orientalis | 1.91 | 2.17 | 2.08 | 1.06 | 1.99 | 0.08 | 0.42 | 0.48 | 0.42 | 0.42 | 0.10 | 0.18 | 0.33 | 0.29 | 0.20 | 0.43 | 0.37 | 0.38 | 0.15 | 0.31 | 0.30 | 0.30 | 0.28 | 0.24 | 0.29 | 0.21 | 0.23 | 0.37 | 0.33 | 0.30 | 0.33 | 0.34 | |
8 | Cryptops australis | 3.71 | 3.63 | 3.72 | 3.33 | 3.80 | 2.32 | 3.03 | 0.34 | 0.32 | 0.39 | 0.41 | 0.40 | 0.45 | 0.43 | 0.38 | 0.49 | 0.43 | 0.42 | 0.38 | 0.42 | 0.42 | 0.43 | 0.44 | 0.41 | 0.45 | 0.42 | 0.42 | 0.43 | 0.39 | 0.43 | 0.40 | 0.39 | |
9 | Cryptops spinipes | 4.49 | 4.03 | 4.62 | 4.13 | 4.67 | 3.23 | 4.03 | 2.10 | 0.39 | 0.40 | 0.47 | 0.46 | 0.49 | 0.47 | 0.44 | 0.53 | 0.48 | 0.47 | 0.45 | 0.49 | 0.47 | 0.48 | 0.49 | 0.47 | 0.48 | 0.46 | 0.44 | 0.48 | 0.45 | 0.47 | 0.43 | 0.42 | |
10 | Cryptops trisulcatus | 3.89 | 3.65 | 4.02 | 3.17 | 3.81 | 2.41 | 3.04 | 1.99 | 2.72 | 0.34 | 0.43 | 0.44 | 0.43 | 0.41 | 0.40 | 0.47 | 0.44 | 0.42 | 0.41 | 0.40 | 0.40 | 0.40 | 0.43 | 0.44 | 0.45 | 0.42 | 0.41 | 0.41 | 0.40 | 0.41 | 0.40 | 0.38 | |
11 | Cryptops weberi | 3.93 | 4.02 | 4.06 | 3.50 | 4.09 | 2.65 | 3.25 | 2.65 | 2.98 | 1.94 | 0.43 | 0.42 | 0.42 | 0.43 | 0.40 | 0.47 | 0.46 | 0.45 | 0.42 | 0.43 | 0.42 | 0.42 | 0.43 | 0.41 | 0.46 | 0.41 | 0.43 | 0.42 | 0.42 | 0.43 | 0.44 | 0.45 | |
12 | Cormocephalus aurantiipes | 1.81 | 2.02 | 2.09 | 1.06 | 1.99 | 0.25 | 0.22 | 2.99 | 3.94 | 3.17 | 3.38 | 0.18 | 0.32 | 0.30 | 0.20 | 0.43 | 0.37 | 0.38 | 0.15 | 0.31 | 0.30 | 0.29 | 0.29 | 0.24 | 0.30 | 0.21 | 0.24 | 0.37 | 0.33 | 0.30 | 0.33 | 0.34 | |
13 | Cormocephalus monteithi | 1.69 | 2.01 | 1.70 | 0.89 | 1.76 | 0.50 | 0.65 | 2.92 | 3.92 | 3.15 | 3.36 | 0.65 | 0.32 | 0.26 | 0.19 | 0.42 | 0.34 | 0.35 | 0.15 | 0.29 | 0.28 | 0.27 | 0.26 | 0.23 | 0.28 | 0.19 | 0.23 | 0.38 | 0.33 | 0.27 | 0.31 | 0.31 | |
14 | Edentistoma octosulcatum | 2.35 | 1.30 | 2.80 | 1.78 | 2.39 | 1.24 | 2.12 | 3.30 | 3.97 | 3.32 | 3.58 | 2.02 | 1.85 | 0.23 | 0.31 | 0.41 | 0.38 | 0.34 | 0.29 | 0.22 | 0.23 | 0.22 | 0.22 | 0.29 | 0.36 | 0.29 | 0.29 | 0.36 | 0.33 | 0.23 | 0.33 | 0.33 | |
15 | Ethmostigmus rubripes | 2.02 | 1.08 | 2.25 | 1.28 | 2.04 | 1.16 | 1.52 | 3.14 | 3.92 | 3.15 | 3.42 | 1.53 | 1.25 | 0.98 | 0.25 | 0.39 | 0.34 | 0.32 | 0.26 | 0.17 | 0.13 | 0.16 | 0.13 | 0.29 | 0.34 | 0.26 | 0.27 | 0.38 | 0.32 | 0.12 | 0.31 | 0.31 | |
16 | Hemiscolopendra marginata | 1.75 | 1.85 | 1.70 | 0.84 | 1.59 | 0.83 | 0.82 | 3.14 | 4.04 | 3.10 | 3.31 | 0.82 | 0.71 | 1.91 | 1.20 | 0.41 | 0.34 | 0.36 | 0.18 | 0.27 | 0.27 | 0.26 | 0.27 | 0.22 | 0.26 | 0.19 | 0.21 | 0.38 | 0.32 | 0.26 | 0.30 | 0.31 | |
17 | Newportia longitarsi | 3.71 | 2.78 | 3.31 | 2.37 | 3.10 | 1.11 | 2.64 | 3.28 | 3.93 | 3.01 | 3.49 | 2.52 | 2.44 | 2.79 | 2.30 | 2.30 | 0.19 | 0.32 | 0.43 | 0.39 | 0.40 | 0.40 | 0.40 | 0.40 | 0.43 | 0.38 | 0.39 | 0.39 | 0.34 | 0.39 | 0.38 | 0.36 | |
18 | Newportia monticola | 3.10 | 2.53 | 3.28 | 2.09 | 2.65 | 1.99 | 2.42 | 3.48 | 4.15 | 3.22 | 3.87 | 2.38 | 2.20 | 2.70 | 2.04 | 2.09 | 0.56 | 0.28 | 0.34 | 0.36 | 0.34 | 0.34 | 0.36 | 0.34 | 0.37 | 0.31 | 0.36 | 0.35 | 0.28 | 0.34 | 0.33 | 0.30 | |
19 | Newportia quadrimeropus | 2.77 | 2.48 | 3.06 | 1.98 | 2.53 | 1.49 | 2.26 | 3.15 | 3.99 | 2.88 | 3.54 | 2.21 | 1.98 | 2.20 | 1.76 | 2.04 | 1.33 | 1.27 | 0.36 | 0.35 | 0.35 | 0.35 | 0.33 | 0.35 | 0.36 | 0.33 | 0.36 | 0.34 | 0.27 | 0.33 | 0.31 | 0.29 | |
20 | Notiasemus glauerti | 1.64 | 1.68 | 1.86 | 0.83 | 1.64 | 0.50 | 0.49 | 2.75 | 3.64 | 2.87 | 3.25 | 0.38 | 0.54 | 1.74 | 1.25 | 0.60 | 2.44 | 2.09 | 2.04 | 0.26 | 0.25 | 0.24 | 0.25 | 0.23 | 0.28 | 0.18 | 0.21 | 0.37 | 0.32 | 0.26 | 0.29 | 0.29 | |
21 | Otostigmus astenus | 2.27 | 1.05 | 2.61 | 1.41 | 2.10 | 1.08 | 1.65 | 3.13 | 3.98 | 3.14 | 3.52 | 1.55 | 1.54 | 0.94 | 0.55 | 1.49 | 2.44 | 2.24 | 2.07 | 1.27 | 0.18 | 0.18 | 0.19 | 0.30 | 0.34 | 0.27 | 0.29 | 0.37 | 0.34 | 0.19 | 0.33 | 0.33 | |
22 | Otostigmus caraibicus | 2.02 | 1.03 | 2.46 | 1.39 | 2.04 | 1.16 | 1.63 | 3.03 | 3.87 | 3.04 | 3.42 | 1.53 | 1.36 | 1.14 | 0.33 | 1.30 | 2.44 | 2.04 | 1.93 | 1.14 | 0.55 | 0.16 | 0.17 | 0.29 | 0.35 | 0.27 | 0.27 | 0.38 | 0.33 | 0.15 | 0.33 | 0.31 | |
23 | Otostigmus rugulosus | 1.96 | 1.08 | 2.35 | 1.34 | 1.99 | 1.08 | 1.57 | 3.25 | 4.09 | 3.15 | 3.53 | 1.47 | 1.30 | 0.98 | 0.49 | 1.25 | 2.44 | 2.09 | 1.98 | 1.09 | 0.61 | 0.49 | 0.18 | 0.27 | 0.34 | 0.25 | 0.27 | 0.37 | 0.32 | 0.17 | 0.33 | 0.31 | |
24 | Rhysida nuda | 1.96 | 1.25 | 2.41 | 1.28 | 1.93 | 1.08 | 1.41 | 3.14 | 3.98 | 3.20 | 3.42 | 1.42 | 1.14 | 0.92 | 0.33 | 1.30 | 2.51 | 2.20 | 1.87 | 1.14 | 0.66 | 0.54 | 0.60 | 0.29 | 0.35 | 0.25 | 0.27 | 0.38 | 0.33 | 0.16 | 0.34 | 0.32 | |
25 | Scolopendra morsitans | 1.69 | 1.85 | 2.36 | 0.67 | 1.76 | 0.83 | 1.19 | 3.19 | 3.98 | 3.15 | 3.36 | 1.09 | 0.98 | 1.74 | 1.47 | 1.03 | 2.23 | 1.98 | 1.93 | 0.98 | 1.65 | 1.47 | 1.41 | 1.47 | 0.27 | 0.17 | 0.26 | 0.36 | 0.32 | 0.29 | 0.31 | 0.30 | |
26 | Scolopendra cingulata | 2.48 | 2.52 | 2.65 | 1.46 | 2.35 | 1.42 | 1.92 | 3.72 | 4.46 | 3.32 | 3.78 | 1.82 | 1.75 | 2.47 | 1.97 | 1.59 | 2.53 | 2.50 | 2.17 | 1.64 | 2.23 | 2.03 | 2.03 | 2.08 | 1.48 | 0.23 | 0.31 | 0.37 | 0.33 | 0.36 | 0.32 | 0.35 | |
27 | Scolopendra subspinipes | 1.69 | 1.68 | 1.97 | 0.45 | 1.42 | 0.83 | 0.98 | 3.08 | 3.87 | 2.93 | 3.20 | 0.87 | 0.76 | 1.58 | 1.14 | 0.71 | 2.02 | 1.82 | 1.76 | 0.65 | 1.32 | 1.14 | 1.09 | 1.09 | 0.54 | 1.10 | 0.23 | 0.35 | 0.29 | 0.28 | 0.28 | 0.28 | |
28 | Scolopendra viridis | 1.86 | 1.85 | 1.92 | 1.23 | 2.05 | 0.74 | 1.09 | 3.19 | 3.81 | 3.15 | 3.42 | 0.98 | 0.98 | 1.74 | 1.36 | 0.93 | 2.23 | 2.31 | 2.10 | 0.76 | 1.60 | 1.36 | 1.41 | 1.36 | 1.20 | 1.76 | 0.87 | 0.40 | 0.32 | 0.27 | 0.30 | 0.31 | |
29 | Scolopocryptops miersii | 3.50 | 3.20 | 3.44 | 2.53 | 3.32 | 1.49 | 2.76 | 3.66 | 4.17 | 3.18 | 3.44 | 2.89 | 2.71 | 2.87 | 2.65 | 2.71 | 2.18 | 2.22 | 2.06 | 2.71 | 2.80 | 2.71 | 2.76 | 2.71 | 2.48 | 3.01 | 2.37 | 2.76 | 0.29 | 0.39 | 0.34 | 0.34 | |
30 | Scolopocryptops sexspinosus | 2.83 | 2.43 | 2.90 | 1.70 | 2.48 | 1.33 | 2.15 | 3.04 | 3.88 | 2.72 | 3.32 | 2.11 | 1.93 | 2.37 | 1.99 | 1.93 | 1.68 | 1.55 | 1.33 | 1.93 | 2.24 | 2.04 | 2.10 | 2.04 | 1.71 | 2.01 | 1.60 | 1.93 | 1.50 | 0.31 | 0.28 | 0.28 | |
31 | Sterropristes violaceus | 2.02 | 1.14 | 2.52 | 1.50 | 2.21 | 1.24 | 1.74 | 3.25 | 3.92 | 3.21 | 3.58 | 1.64 | 1.47 | 0.98 | 0.33 | 1.41 | 2.37 | 2.09 | 1.82 | 1.36 | 0.66 | 0.43 | 0.60 | 0.60 | 1.47 | 2.20 | 1.25 | 1.41 | 2.71 | 1.93 | 0.31 | 0.29 | |
32 | Theatops erythrocephalus | 2.72 | 2.27 | 2.79 | 1.81 | 2.54 | 1.66 | 2.21 | 2.99 | 3.61 | 2.71 | 3.55 | 2.17 | 1.88 | 1.99 | 1.77 | 1.94 | 1.96 | 1.94 | 1.66 | 1.93 | 2.08 | 1.88 | 1.99 | 1.93 | 1.71 | 2.18 | 1.60 | 1.93 | 2.34 | 1.61 | 1.77 | 0.20 | |
33 | Theatops posticus | 2.54 | 1.98 | 2.94 | 1.69 | 2.30 | 1.65 | 2.09 | 2.87 | 3.48 | 2.50 | 3.31 | 2.05 | 1.76 | 2.09 | 1.54 | 1.82 | 1.96 | 1.65 | 1.49 | 1.71 | 1.79 | 1.54 | 1.60 | 1.65 | 1.54 | 2.28 | 1.49 | 1.76 | 2.22 | 1.44 | 1.49 | 0.83 |