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Left lateral view of habitus (A, D, G), head and thorax (B, E, H), and head in frontal view (C, F, I) of male Gasterophilus species, modified from
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Left lateral view of habitus (A, D, G), head and thorax (B, E, H), and head in frontal view (C, F, I) of Gasterophilus species A–C Male G. intestinalis (De Geer) China (in MBFU) D–F Female G. meridionalis (Pillers & Evans); South Africa (in KZNM) G–I Male G. nasalis (Linnaeus) China (in MBFU). Scale bars: 1 mm (A–E, I); 0.5 mm (F).
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Left lateral view of habitus (A, D, G), head and thorax (B, E, H), and head in frontal view (C, F, I) of male Gasterophilus species A–C G. nigricornis (Loew); China (in MBFU) D–F G. pecorum (Fabricius); China (in MBFU) G–I G. ternicinctus Gedoelst; South Africa (in MBFU). Scale bars: 1 mm (A–I).
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Dorsal view of habitus (A, C, E) and head and thorax (B, D, F) of male Gasterophilus species, modified from
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Dorsal view of habitus (A, C, E) and head and and thorax (B, D, F) of male Gasterophilus species A, B Male G. intestinalis (De Geer) C, D Female G. meridionalis (Pillers & Evans) E, F Male G. nasalis (Linnaeus). Scale bars: 1 mm (A–F).
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Dorsal view of habitus (A, C, E) and head and thorax (B, D, F) of male Gasterophilus species A, B G. nigricornis (Loew) C, D G. pecorum (Fabricius) E, F G. ternicinctus Gedoelst. Scale bars: 1 mm (A–F).
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Dorsal view (A, D, G) and left lateral view (B, E, H) of habitus, and head in frontal view (C, F, I) of female Gasterophilus species, modified from
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![](https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/358326/singlefigmini/file.jpg)
Dorsal view (A, D, G) and left lateral view (B, E, H) of habitus, and head in frontal view (C, F, I) of female Gasterophilus species A–C G. intestinalis (De Geer); China (in MBFU) D–F G. nasalis (Linnaeus); China (in MBFU). Scale bars: 1 mm (A, B, D, E); 0.5 mm (C, F).
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![](https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/358327/singlefigmini/file.jpg)
Dorsal view (A, D, G) and left lateral view (B, E, H) of habitus, and head in frontal view (C, F, I) of female Gasterophilus species A–C G. nigricornis (Loew); China (in MBFU) D–F G. pecorum (Fabricius); China (in MBFU) G–I G. ternicinctus Gedoelst; Kenya (in NHM). Scale bars: 1 mm (A, B, D–E, G, H); 0.5 mm (C, F, I).
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Wing of Gasterophilus species, with A–C modified from
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Anterior (A, D, G), left lateral (B, E, H) and posterior view (C, F, I) of male terminalia of Gasterophilus species, modified from
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Dorsal (A, D), left lateral (B, E) and posterior (C, F) view of male genitalia of Gasterophilus species A–C G. intestinalis (De Geer) D–F G. nasalis (Linnaeus). Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A–F).
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![](https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/358331/singlefigmini/file.jpg)
Dorsal (A, D, G), left lateral (B, E, H) and posterior (C, F, I) view of male genitalia of Gasterophilus species A–C G. nigricornis (Loew) D–F G. pecorum (Fabricius) G–I G. ternicinctus Gedoelst. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A–I).
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Dorsal (A, D, G), left lateral (B, E, H) and ventral (C, F, I) view of female genitalia of Gasterophilus species, modified from
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![](https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/358333/singlefigmini/file.jpg)
Dorsal (A, D, G), left lateral (B, E, H) and ventral (C, F, I) view of female genitalia of Gasterophilus species A–C G. intestinalis (De Geer) D–F G. meridionalis (Pillers & Evans) G–I G. nasalis (Linnaeus). Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A–I).
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Dorsal (A, D), left lateral (B, E) and ventral (C, F) view of female genitalia of Gasterophilus species A–C G. nigricornis (Loew) D–F G. pecorum (Fabricius). Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A–F).
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Right lateral (A, E, I, M) and ventral (B, F, J, N) view, micropyle (C, G, K, O) and ultrastructural details of plastron (D, H, L, P) of eggs in Gasterophilus species A–D G. flavipes (Olivier) E–H G. haemorrhoidalis (Linnaeus) I–L G. inermis (Brauer) M–P G. intestinalis. Abbreviations: api, apical; dor, dorsal; ven, ventral. Scale bars: 100 μm (A, B, I–J, M, –N), 50 μm (in box of B), 100 μm (in box of I); 20 μm (C); 5 μm (D); 250 μm (E, F), 20 μm (in box of F); 50 μm (G, O); 25 μm (H); 10 μm (K, L, P).
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Right lateral (A, E, I) and ventral (B, F, J) view, micropyle (C, G, K) and ultrastructural details of plastron (D, H, L) of eggs in Gasterophilus species A–D G. nasalis (Linnaeus) E–H G. nigricornis (Loew) I–L G. pecorum (Fabricius). Scale bars: 100 μm (A, B, I–J), 10 μm (in the box of J); 20 μm (C, H, K); 15 μm (D); 20 μm (E), 50 μm (in the box of E); 150 μm (F); 25 μm (G); 10 μm (L).
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Species diversity map of all nine Gasterophilus species worldwide. Different colors represent the number of species recorded in a specific country. Interactive map showing the global distribution of all nine Gasterophilus species is available in Supplementary Information 1.