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Maximum likelihood consensus tree of Neosphecia cecidogena (LMCI 263-33) and related Melittiini taxa. The monophyly and relationships were inferred based on 668 base pairs of cytochrome oxidase subunit gene I (COI) sequences (using six species of Melittia, one from Synanthedon and Carmenta from databases; the later genera of the related subfamily Synanthedonini were surveyed as outgroups). Numbers above branches indicate statistical support (bootstrap values).
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Pinned-dried Neosphecia cecidogena adults, with corresponding heads in detail A–D male (holotype, LMCI 319-83) E–H female (paratype, LMCI 319-85); dorsal (A, C, E, G), ventral (B, F) and lateral (D, H) views. Scale bars = 0.5mm (C, D, G, H); 4mm (A, B, E, F).
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Neosphecia cecidogena genitalia morphology under light microscopy A male (LMCI 319-84), general, ventral view (unrolled preparation, sensu
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Egg of Neosphecia cecidogena under scanning electron microscopy A general view B chorion in detail C micropyle area. Scale bars: 100, 15, 20 µm, respectively.
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Neosphecia cecidogena last larval instar under light microscopy A cephalic chaetotaxy, frontal view B thoracic and abdominal chaetotaxy, lateral C, D head in detail, anterior and lateral, respectively. E last abdominal segments in detail, dorsal. Scale bars: 200 µm (A, D); 0.4 mm (E); 0.5 mm (C); 1 mm (B).
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Morphology of Neosphecia cecidogena last larval instar under scanning electron microscopy A head, antero-dorsal view B antenna, anterior C stemmata, lateral D maxillae and labium, ventral E spineret, lateral F prothoracic shield, dorsal G meso- and metathoracic segments, dorsal H prothoracic leg, posterior I tarsal claw in detail, posterior J prothoracic spiracle, lateral K second to fourth abdominal segments, lateral L abdominal callus in detail, ventral. Scale bars: 20 µm (E, I, J); 40 µm (B), 100 µm (C, D, H, L); 0.5 mm (A, G, K).
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Neosphecia cecidogena pupa under light microscopy, in dorsal (A), ventral (B) and lateral (C) views. Scale bar:1 mm.
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Neosphecia cecidogena pupal morphology under scanning electron microscopy A, C head, ventral and lateral views, respectively B clipeal seta in detail D third to sixth abdominal segments, lateral E fourth abdominal spiracle, lateral F spines of fourth abdominal segment in detail, lateral G last abdominal segments, posterior H spine of last abdominal segment, mesal. Scale bars: 40 µm (H); 50 µm (B, E); 100 µm (F); 200 µm (C, G); 0.4 mm (A); 0.5 mm (D), respectively.
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Natural history of Neosphecia cecidogena on Cayaponia pilosa A host plant at the type locality B young fruit, lateral C fully developed gall on axillary region, lateral D, E basal portion of median-sized gall sectioned transversally, showing yellowish nutritive tissue (pointed by closed arrows) (D) longitudinally sectioned medium-sized galls, showing larval feeding scars on nutritive tissue (some are indicated by open arrows) F longitudinally sectioned mature gall, with last instar larva (asterisk) inside (closed and open arrows indicate frass and operculum, respectively) G transversally sectioned, senescent gall showing detached operculum (indicated by seta) and internal wall covered by silk H longitudinally sectioned senescent gall showing internal silk covering (proximal limit pointed by closed arrow) I senescent, overwintering gall, lateral (seta indicates direction of adult emergence) J distal portion of senescent gall, showing pupal exuvium left partially protruded after adult emergence (marked with asterisk). Scale bars: 2 mm (G, H); 3mm (D–F); 4mm (J); 6 mm (I); 9 mm (C); 1 cm (B); 9 cm (A).