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Opistognathus thionyi, CIUFES 2054, 27.5 mm SL, Dogaressa Seamount, Vitória-Trindade Chain. Photograph by Raphael M. Macieira.
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Opistognathus thionyi, NPM 5029, 38.4 mm SL, Enseada dos Portugueses, Trindade Island, Brazil. Photograph by Thiony Simon.
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Opistognathus thionyi, CIUFES 2347, preserved holotype, 45.4 mm SL, male, Trindade Island, Brazil. Photograph by Zackary S. Randall.
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Cephalic sensory pores in selected species of Opistognathus. A O. thionyi, 45.4 mm SL, holotype B O. vicinus, NPM 5030, 47.4 mm SL, Brazil C O. lonchurus, CIUFES 1426, 75.3 mm SL, Brazil DO. aff. aurifrons, CIUFES 1450, 57.0 mm SL, Brazil.
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Jaws and dentition (supramaxilla shaded) in selected species of Opistognathus. A O. thionyi, CIUFES 2393, 53.5 mm SL, Fernando de Noronha Archipelago, Brazil B O. vicinus, NPM 5030, 47.4 mm SL, Brazil C O. lonchurus,
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Distributions of Opistognathus species in Brazilian Province; light shaded areas indicate continental shelf.
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Opistognathus thionyi, in typical habitat, sandy rubble bottom in 13 m at Enseada dos Portugueses, Trindade Island, Brazil. Photograph by Thiony Simon.
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Opistognathus vicinus, CIUFES 0796, holotype, 43.0 mm SL, male, Ilha Rasa de Dentro, Guarapari, Espírito Santo, Brazil. Photograph by Raphael M. Macieira.
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Opistognathus vicinus, NPM 5030, preserved paratype, 47.4 mm SL, Ilha Rasa, Guarapari, Espírito Santo, Brazil. Photograph by Zackary S. Randall.
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Opistognathus whitehursti,
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Opistognathus whitehursti,
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Opistognathus brasiliensis, CIUFES 3361, 60.6 mm SL, female, Ilhas Escalvada, Guarapari, Espírito Santo, Brazil. Photograph by Raphael M. Macieira.
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Opistognathus brasiliensis,
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Opistognathus cuvierii, 80 mm TL estimated, Ilha dos Frades, Baía de Todos os Santos, Bahia, Brazil. Photograph by Cláudio L. S. Sampaio.
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Opistognathus cuvierii, SU 52354, 102 mm SL, male, Bahia, Brazil. Drawn by Jack R. Schroeder; after
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Opistognathus lonchurus, CIUFES 2361, 81.2 mm SL, female, Ilhas Escalvada, Guarapari, Espírito Santo, Brazil. Photograph by Raphael M. Macieira.
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Distribution of Opistognathus lonchurus, including a few records from
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Opistognathus aff. aurifrons, CIUFES 0795-1, 61.8 mm SL, female, Ilhas Escalvada, Guarapari, Espírito Santo, Brazil. Photograph by Raphael M. Macieira.
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Opistognathus aff. aurifrons, adult, Bellucia shipwreck, Guarapari, Espírito Santo, Brazil. Photograph by Raphael M. Macieira.
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Opistognathus aff. aurifrons, CIUFES 2551, 69.2 mm SL, Fernando de Noronha Archipelago, Brazil. Photograph by Raphael M. Macieira.
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Opistognathus aff. aurifrons, juvenile, Fernando de Noronha Archipelago, Brazil. Photograph by João P. Krajewski.
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Bayesian inference phylogeny of western Atlantic Opistognathus based on COI data. Support values are Bayesian posterior probabilities. For clarity the clade containing Opistognathus aurifrons is collapsed (see Figure
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Bayesian inference phylogeny of the Opistognathus aurifrons complex. Support values are Bayesian posterior probabilities. Nodes without support values shown have <0.90 support. Scale bar units are expected number of substitutions per site.
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Haplotype network of the Opistognathus aurifrons complex. Dark solid circles represent un-sampled intermediate haplotypes, lines connecting haplotypes represent single substitutions.