Latest Articles from ZooKeys Latest 10 Articles from ZooKeys https://zookeys.pensoft.net/ Fri, 29 Mar 2024 01:13:59 +0200 Pensoft FeedCreator https://zookeys.pensoft.net/i/logo.jpg Latest Articles from ZooKeys https://zookeys.pensoft.net/ A new Neotropical ant species of genus Linepithema Mayr (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Dolichoderinae) with partial revision of the L. fuscum group based on males https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/95694/ ZooKeys 1160: 125-144

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1160.95694

Authors: Stefano Cantone, Andrea Di Giulio

Abstract: The genus Linepithema was erected by Mayr (1866) for his male-based species L. fuscum. In this study a new species is described also based on male morphology, L. paulistana sp. nov., collected in the city of São Paulo, Brazil, which is attributed to the fuscum group (Formicidae: Dolichoderinae). Linepithema paulistana sp. nov. is the only species of fuscum group present in the eastern part of South America. It is easily distinguishable from the other species of the group because of the presence of a triangular volsellar tooth, which is distally situated between the digitus and the basivolsellar process. By using SEM and optical microscopy, the external genitalia of L. paulistana sp. nov. were analyzed and illustrated and some characters and previous interpretations have been re-evaluated in the Linepithema fuscum group. The male external genitalia are also comparatively analyzed in three species representative of the three Linepithema species groups, those of fuscum, humile, and neotropicum. The present work confirms that the morphological characters of male ants, especially those of male external genitalia, are effective for the identification of genera or species. Given the discrete morphological differences between the external genitalia of the fuscum group and the other species of this genus, a re-evaluation of the generic status of Linepithema is suggested.

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Research Article Tue, 9 May 2023 15:17:14 +0300
Integrative diagnosis, biological observations, and histopathology of the fig cyst nematode Heterodera fici Kirjanova (1954) associated with Ficus carica L. in southern Italy https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/26820/ ZooKeys 824: 1-19

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.824.26820

Authors: Elena Fanelli, Alessio Vovlas, Simona Santoro, Alberto Troccoli, Giuseppe Lucarelli, Nicola Trisciuzzi, Francesca De Luca

Abstract: Morpho-biological notes and histopathology, based on LM and SEM observations, of the fig cyst nematode Heterodera fici isolated from Ficus carica roots, collected in home and public gardens of Apulia region, southern Italy, are described and illustrated. Seventy-five localities throughout the Apulia region were sampled and one-quarter of the sampled localities had fig roots infested with H. fici, with population densities ranging from 44 to 180 cysts/100 ml of soil. All attempts to detect H. fici on ornamental Ficus spp. as well as on imported bonsai in Italy were unsuccessful. Morphometric characters of the Italian population conform to those of the type and re-description populations reported for H. fici. Molecular analysis using ITS, D2–D3 expansion domains of the 28S rRNA, and the partial 18S rRNA sequences of H. fici newly obtained in this study matched well with the corresponding sequences of H. fici present in the GenBank database. Phylogenetic trees confirmed and supported the grouping of H. fici in the Humuli group. Heterodera fici completes its embryogenic development in 14–16 days at 25 °C. Post-invasion development and maturity in the roots of F. carica seedlings is completed in 64–68 days at 25–28 °C with juveniles and adults showing different parasitic habits, being endoparasitic and semi-endoparasitic respectively. The establishment of permanent feeding sites that consist of the formation of large syncytia causes anatomical modification of vascular elements and general disorder in the root stelar structures. Syncytia structures associated with mature females showed different degrees of vacuolisation, numbers of syncytial cells, and contained nuclei and nucleoli which were constantly hypertrophied.

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Research Article Tue, 12 Feb 2019 17:07:39 +0200
An early record of Meloidogyne fallax from Ireland https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/11266/ ZooKeys 643: 33-52

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.643.11266

Authors: Olivera Topalovic, John F. Moore, Toon Janssen, Wim Bert, Gerrit Karssen

Abstract: Root-knot nematodes, Meloidogyne spp., cause huge economic losses worldwide. Currently, three Meloidogyne spp. are present on the quarantine A2 list of EPPO, M. chitwoodi, M. fallax and M. enterolobii. As a quarantine organism, M. fallax has been detected in England and Northern Ireland on sport turf in 2011, and in England on leek in 2013. However, its presence in Ireland has probably been overlooked since 1965, when Mr. John F. Moore and Dr. Mary T. Franklin had detected a new Meloidogyne species for that time. While the relevant data was recorded and a preliminary manuscript describing the species was prepared but never submitted for publication, and together with the original slides, pictures and drawings, it was restudied recently. We compared the population of Irish Meloidogyne sp. to other similar Meloidogyne spp. Careful observation and comparison shows that it belongs to M. fallax. The characters found to be common for Irish Meloidogyne sp. and M. fallax are female stylet length (14.6 μm) with oval to rounded basal knobs, oval shaped perineal pattern with moderately high dorsal arch, slender stylet in males (18.5 μm) with set off and rounded basal knobs, slightly set off male head with one post-labial annule and incomplete transverse incisures, and second-stage juveniles with large and rounded stylet basal knobs, and a gradually tapering tail (46.9 μm) with a broadly rounded tip and a clearly delimitated smooth hyaline part sometimes marked by constrictions (12.9 μm). The host test and gall formation also correspond to M. fallax. The identification could not be additionally supported by molecular analysis, as we were unable to extract DNA from the old permanent slides. Nevertheless, our study reveals that the Meloidogyne species detected in Ireland in 1965 belongs to M. fallax.

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Research Article Thu, 5 Jan 2017 16:02:50 +0200
Morphometric and molecular characterization of populations of Pratylenchus kumamotoensis and P. pseudocoffeae (Nematoda, Pratylenchidae) newly recorded in Korea https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/8508/ ZooKeys 600: 1-5

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.600.8508

Authors: Dongwoo Kim, Jae-Yong Chun, Kyeong-Yeoll Lee

Abstract: At least 70 species of root-lesion nematodes, Pratylenchus spp., have been identified worldwide, many of which are serious pests of various agricultural crop plants. In Korea, only 14 species have been recorded in vegetable and fruit fields. Here, we report two new records of root-lesion nematode species in Korea based on morphometric and molecular methods. Soil samples were collected from chrysanthemum cultivars in various regions. Morphometric diagnosis showed that two new records for Korea: Pratylenchus kumamotoensis in Chilgok County and P. pseudocoffeae in Geumsan County. In addition, molecular diagnosis using the two sequences of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and the D2–D3 region of ribosomal DNA showed that these two species were most similar with those from Japan, Costa Rica and USA. The similarities of the ITS and D2–D3 sequences were 99.85 and 99.74%, respectively, for P. kumamotoensis and 99.99 with Costa Rica populations and 99.86% with USA populations, respectively, for P. pseudocoffeae. To our knowledge, this is the first report of two species in Korea.

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Short Communication Wed, 22 Jun 2016 20:53:01 +0300
Paraphyletic genus Ditylenchus Filipjev (Nematoda, Tylenchida), corresponding to the D. triformis-group and the D. dipsaci-group scheme https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/5965/ ZooKeys 568: 1-12

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.568.5965

Authors: Yuejing Qiao, Qing Yu, Ahmed Badiss, Mohsin Zaidi, Ekaterina Ponomareva, Yuegao Hu, Weimin Ye

Abstract: The genus Ditylenchus has been divided into 2 groups: the D. triformis-group, and the D. dipsaci-group based on morphological and biological characters. A total of 18 populations belong to 5 species of Ditylenchus was studied: D. africanus, D. destructor, D. myceliophagus and dipsaci, D. weischeri, the first 3 belong to the D. triformis-group, the last 2 the D. dipsaci-group. The species of D. triformis-group were cultured on fungi, while the species from D. dispaci-group cultured on excised roots of plant hosts in petri dish. DNA sequences of regions of the nuclear ribosomal first internal transcribed spacer (ITS1) and the small subunit 18S were PCR amplified, sequenced and the phylogenetic analyses also including the sequences of the closely related species from the GenBank. The randomly amplified polymorphisms of genomic DNA (RAPD) were also generated. Two clusters or clades corresponding to the 2 groups were consistently observed with significant statistical support from the 3 datasets. The phylogenetic analysis also revealed that the genus is paraphyletic, separating the 2 groups by species of Anguina and Subanguina.

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Research Article Tue, 23 Feb 2016 15:55:43 +0200
On the species status of the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne ulmi Palmisano & Ambrogioni, 2000 (Nematoda, Meloidogynidae) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/3649/ ZooKeys 362: 1-27

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.362.6352

Authors: Mohammed Ahmed, Bart van de Vossenberg, Chris Cornelisse, Gerrit Karssen

Abstract: The root-knot nematode Meloidogyne ulmi is synonymised with Meloidogyne mali based on morphological and morphometric similarities, common hosts, as well as biochemical similarities at both protein and DNA levels. M. mali was first described in Japan on Malus prunifolia Borkh.; and M. ulmi in Italy on Ulmus chenmoui W.C. Cheng. Morphological and morphometric studies of their holo- and paratypes revealed important similarities in the major characters as well as some general variability in a few others. Host test also showed that besides the two species being able to parasitize the type hosts of the other, they share some other common hosts. Our study of the esterase and malate dehydrogenase isozyme phenotypes of some M. ulmi populations gave a perfectly comparable result to that already known for M. mali. Finally, phylogenetic studies of their SSU and LSU rDNA sequence data revealed that the two are not distinguishable at DNA level. All these put together, leave strong evidences to support the fact that M. ulmi is not a valid species, but a junior synonym of M. mali. Brief discussion on the biology and life cycle of M. mali is given. An overview of all known hosts and the possible distribution of M. mali in Europe are also presented.

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Research Article Fri, 13 Dec 2013 00:00:00 +0200
Disregarding ZooBank registration results in the unavailability of Hemicaloosia graminis Zeng et al., 2012 (Nematoda, Tylenchida) under the ICZN Code https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/3226/ ZooKeys 309: 71-73

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.309.5532

Authors: R. Inserra, J. Stanley, A. Troccoli, J. Chitambar, Sergei Subbotin

Abstract: /none/

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Short Communication Fri, 14 Jun 2013 00:00:00 +0300
Hispaniolan Hemilophini (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Lamiinae) https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/3630/ ZooKeys 258: 53-83

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.258.4391

Authors: Steven Lingafelter

Abstract: The Tribe Hemilophini (Lamiinae) is reviewed for Hispaniola and an identification key is provided. Fifteen species are now known from the island, including one new species of Adesmus (A. fortunei from Pedernales and La Vega Provinces, Dominican Republic), one new species of Oedudes (O. anulatus from Peravia and La Vega Provinces, Dominican Republic), and five new species of Calocosmus (C. contortus from San Cristóbal Province, C. punctatus from Peravia Province, C. rawlinsi from Elías Piña Province, C. robustus from La Vega Province, and C. thonalmus from La Altagracia Province, all in the Dominican Republic). Oedudes and Adesmus are new island and country records for Hispaniola and Dominican Republic, respectively. Calocosmus holosericeus Gahan is a new synonym of Calocosmus janus Bates. In addition to the new species, five new country records and four new island records are presented for Calocosmus.

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Research Article Tue, 15 Jan 2013 00:00:00 +0200
Description of Meloidoderita salina sp. n. (Nematoda, Sphaeronematidae) from a micro-tidal salt marsh at Mont-Saint-Michel Bay in France https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/3436/ ZooKeys 249: 1-26

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.249.4138

Authors: Samad Ashrafi, Didier Mugniery, Evelyn van Heese, Adriaan van Aelst, Hans Helder, Gerrit Karssen

Abstract: Meloidoderita salina sp. n. is described and illustrated from the halophytic plant Atriplex portulacoides L. (sea purslane) growing in a micro-tidal salt marsh in the Mont-Saint-Michel Bay in France. This new species is the first member of Meloidoderita Poghossian, 1966 collected from a saline environment, and is characterized by the following features: sedentary mature femalesa small swollen body with a clear posterior protuberance; slightly dorsally curved stylet, 19.9 µm long, with posteriorly sloping knobs; neck region irregular in shape and twisted; well developed secretory-excretory (S–E) pore, with markedly sclerotized S-E duct running posteriorly; prominent uterus bordered by a thick hyaline wall and filled with eggs. The adult female transforms into a cystoid. Eggs are deposited in both egg-mass and cystoid. Cystoids of Meloidoderita salina sp. n. display a unique sub-cuticular hexagonal beaded pattern.Male without stylet, pharyngeal region degenerated, S-E duct prominent, deirids small, developed testis 97.5 µm long, spicules 18.4 µm long, cloacal opening ventrally protruded, small phasmids posterior to cloaca opening and situated at 5.9 (3.2–7.7) µm from tail end, and conical tail ending in a rounded terminus marked with one (rarely two) ventrally positioned mucro. Additionally, some young males of the new species were observed enveloped in the last J2 cuticle. Second-stage juvenile body 470 µm long, with a 16.4 µm long stylet, prominent rounded knobs set off from the shaft, hemizonid anterior and adjacent to S-E pore, small deirids located just above S-E pore level, genital primordium located at 68–77% of body length, phasmids small and located at about 19 µm from tail tip, and tail 38.7 µm long, tapering to finely pointed terminus with a finger-like projection. Phylogenetic analyses based on the nearly full length small subunit ribosomal DNA sequences of Meloidoderita salina sp. n. revealed a close relationships of the new species with Sphaeronema alni Turkina & Chizhov, 1986 and placed these two species sister to the rest of Criconematina.

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Research Article Fri, 7 Dec 2012 00:00:00 +0200
On the species status of the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne mayaguensis Rammah & Hirschmann, 1988 https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/2659/ ZooKeys 181: 67-77

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.181.2787

Authors: Gerrit Karssen, Jinling Liao, Zhuo Kan, Evelyn van Heese, Loes den Nijs

Abstract: Holo- and paratypes of the root-knot nematodes Meloidogyne mayaguensis Rammah & Hirschmann, 1988 and M. enterolobii Yang & Eisenback, 1983 were morphometrically and morphologically compared. All observed female, male and second-stage juvenile morphometrical and morphological characters are identical for the two studied species. Additionally, contradictions between the original species descriptions were unravelled.The present study of holo- and paratypes confirms the taxonomical status of Meloidogyne mayaguensis as a junior synonym for M. enterolobii.

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Research Article Fri, 6 Apr 2012 00:00:00 +0300