A new species of Zachaeus C.L. Koch from Turkey (Opiliones, Phalangiidae)

Abstract A new species of harvestmen, Zachaeus seyyari sp. n. (Opiliones, Phalangiidae), is described and illustrated on the basis of both sexes from Şırnak Province in Turkey. Differences between the new species and related species are indicated. Photographs of its characteristic structures are also provided.

The genus is characterized by the following morphological characteristics: body large, heavily denticulated dorsally; chelicerae usually strong, second segment enlarged; pedipalps normally structured, strong, robust; legs short and first pair much thicker than the others; truncus penis basally widened, parallel-sided on the distal half, distally shallow spoon-shaped, glans usually banana-shaped (shorter in Z. anatolicus and Z. seyyari), stylus long Staręga 2008, 2009). Here, we describe a new species of the genus Zachaeus from Şırnak Province in Turkey, and compare it to the most similar species.

Taxonomy
Description. Male: body length 7.2 mm, width 4.5 mm; chelicera basal segment 2.8 mm, second segment 3.7 mm. Body ( Fig. 1a): approximately oval-shaped in dorsal view. Opening of odoriferous gland prominent with 1-2 black denticles. Cephalothorax covered with small black denticles. Carapace ochre-brown. Abdomen dorsally with distinct brownish-gray saddle. Saddle with longitudinal whitish-yellow stripe in the center. Abdominal tergites with transverse rows of dark brown spots, not denticulated.
second segment extraordinarily swollen, covered with setae and microdenticles (Staręga and Chevrizov 1978) Palp of male patella dorsally with setae; tibia with setae.
femur I-III with setae; femur IV ventrally with denticles (Staręga and Chevrizov 1978) Penis truncus wide at the base, basal to center with straight sides; then slightly narrowed at the center; then not widened, straight-sided at the subapex; glans stocky, not elongated, parallel sided, ventrally slightly ovalsided, apical outline rectangular.
truncus slightly enlarged at the proximal half; then straight-sided in distal half; glans elongated and narrow, ventrally oval-sided, apical outline triangular (Staręga and Chevrizov 1978)   Ventral side (Fig. 1c): coxae and genital operculum covered with sparse hairs. Abdomen ventrally with transverse rows of brown spots, and with sparse hairs. Chelicerae (Fig. 2, 4e): strong, robust and dark ochre brown. Basal segment apically not widened and slightly bent, dorsally with small black-tipped tubercles and setae, ventrally with long black-tipped tubercles. Second segment apically widened, zebra-like stripe pattern of pigmentation, and covered with setae. Pedipalp (Fig. 3): normally structured, strong; ochre-brown and with dark brown spots. Coxae with finger-shaped apophysis and covered with long setae; trochanter relatively long, ventrally and dorsally with black tubercles and setae; femur of male slighty curved, dorsally and ventrally covered with black-tipped tubercles and setae; patella distally with usual bulge densely hairy in female, less developed in male: similar in tibia; tibia and tarsus only with setae, but male tarsus ventrally bearing black microdenticles, tarsal claw smooth. Legs (Fig. 4a-d): short and strong, light ochre-brown and with dark brown spots. Femur to tarsus I relatively thicker than in legs II to IV. Femur and patella I with setae, tibia ventrally with microdenticles and dorsally with setae, metatarsus ventrally covered with densely spaced microdenticles, tarsus bearing only setae. Leg pairs II and III with sparse setae. Femur and tibia IV ventrally covered with black denticles, and dorsally setae; metatarsus IV ventrally with bristle, dorsally with microdenticles; tarsus ventrally bristle, dorsally with setae.
Male genital morphology (Fig. 1d-f): truncus wide at base, proximal fourth of shaft straight-sided ; then slightly narrowed at the center; straight-sided from center to distal end of shaft, forming a spoon-shape, wings not very wide; glans stocky, widened, not elongated, not banana-shaped; stylus long.
Female: body length 9.0 mm, width 4.7 mm; chelicera basal segment 1.5 mm, second segment 2.1 mm. General appearance similar to that of male, but body larger and wider (Fig. 1b). Second segment of chelicerae normally structured, not enlarged, basal segment ventrally without tubercles.
With Zachaeus seyyari sp. n., the number of Zachaeus species known from Turkey is now increased to 6. Considering the geographical features of Turkeyand the habitat preferences of the genus, the number of species will surely increase with ongoing studies in the future.