Three new species of mygalomorph and filistatid spiders from Iran (Araneae, Cyrtaucheniidae, Nemesiidae and Filistatidae)

Abstract Three new spider species are described from Iran: Anemesia koponeni sp. n. (♂, Cyrtaucheniidae); Raveniola mazandaranica sp. n. (♂, Nemesiidae) and Sahastata sinuspersica sp. n. (♀, Filistatidae). Cyrtaucheniidae and Sahastata Benoit, 1968 are reported from Iran for the fisrt time.


Introduction
Spiders of Iran remain poorly studied in faunistic and especially taxonomic respects. Although about 540 species are known from the country (Zamani et al. 2014a), this number is smaller than that from the neighboring and much smaller Azerbaijan (714 species, Otto 2014). There are many small faunistic publications dealing usually with common spiders (e.g. Mirshamsi 2005, Ghahari and Marusik 2009, Ghahari and Tabari 2012, Kashefi et al. 2013, but taxonomic and large scale faunistic surveys are almost lacking , Logunov et al. 2001, Ono and Martens 2005, Ghavami 2006, Moradmand andJäger 2011, Zamani et al. 2014b).
While studying spiders of Iran, we found three undescribed species belonging to Mygalomorphae and Filistatidae, two of which represent the first Iranian records of the family Cyrtaucheniidae and the genus Sahastata Benoit, 1968 (Filistatidae).

Material and methods
Photographs were taken in dishes of different sizes with paraffin at the bottom. Specimens were photographed using an Olympus Camedia E-520 camera attached to an Olympus SZX16 stereomicroscope at the Zoological Museum, University of Turku. Digital images were prepared using "CombineZP" image stacking software. Illustrations of endogynes were made after maceration in 20% potassium hydroxide aqueous solution and exposition for few minutes in alcohol/water solution of Chlorazol Black. Lengths of leg segments were measured on the dorsal side. All measurements are given in mm. Treated materials will be deposited in Senckenberg Museum, Frankfurt am Main (SMF).
Diagnosis. The new species has a rather short embolus like in A. birulai (Spassky, 1937) (cf. Spassky 1937). Other congeners occurring in Central Asia have distinctly longer emboli, for example A. karatauvi (Andreeva, 1968) and A. incana Zonstein, 2001 (Figs 9-10). A. koponeni sp. n. differs from the former species by larger body size (15 vs. 10 mm), much darker general coloration (chestnut-brown vs. light yellowish-brown), as well as by longer and spinose palpal tibia (shorter and aspinose in A. birulai). Finally it differs, from the similar A. tubifex (Pocock, 1889) by its narrower eye field with the AME closer to each other (cf. Pocock 1889, fig. 2d).
Palp as in Figs 5-8, thin, femur slightly longer than tibia, and as long as patella; bulb as long as patella, bulb (with embolus) 2.3 longer than widest diameter of bulb; embolus without distinct base, its length subequal to length of bulb.
Distribution. The species is known only from the type locality. It is the southwesternmost record of the genus.

Nemesiidae Simon, 1889
Genus Raveniola Zonstein, 1987 Comments. Raveniola is a relatively large genus of nemesiid spiders with 22 described species. The genus is distributed from Turkey to China (cf. Platnick 2014). Two species of this genus are known from Iran: R. niedermeyeri (Brignoli, 1972) and R. vonwicki Zonstein, 2000. Both species are well studied by Zonstein (2000) and Zonstein and Marusik (2010). Etymology. The specific epithet is derived from the type locality; adjective. Diagnosis. So far, only two Raveniola species are known to occur in Northern Iran: R. niedermeyeri and R. vonwicki. The new species can be distinguished from R. niedermeyeri by its twisted embolus (gradually bent in R. niedermeyeri, Fig. 21). Raveniola mazandaranica sp. n. differs from the similar R. vonwicki by the shape of its embolic tip and by having a tibial prolateral apical spine (arrowed on Fig. 15), lacking in sibling species. All three Iranian species differ in the number of their prolateral apical tibial spines: none in R. vonwicki, two in R. niedermeyeri, and one in R. mazandaranica sp. n.
Palp as in Figs 15-17, femur slightly longer than tibia and about 1.5 thicker; patella longer than cymbium and wider than tibia; tibia prolaterally with one apical spine; bulb 2.7 shorter than tibia, embolus bent 3 times.
Distribution. The new species is known only from the type locality.

Filistatidae Simon, 1864
Sahastata Benoit, 1968 Comments. Sahastata is a small genus of Filistatinae spiders with three described species. It is known from the Mediterranean to India (Platnick 2014). Members of this genus differ distinctly from Filistata by their very hairy sternum+labium and a calamistrum having 2-3 rows of inclined hairs. Etymology. The specific epithet is derived from the Persian Gulf (Sinus Persicus in Latin); adjective.
Diagnosis. The new species differs distinctly from the type species, S. nigra by its lighter coloration and undivided receptacles (with two heads in S. nigra, Fig. 41). It differs from S. sabaea Brignoli, 1982 by its receptacles which are twice as large in size (6.1 in S. sabaea) and unbranched (with two "heads" in S. sabaea, f. 18, Brignoli 1982).
Vulva as in Figs 34-40; receptacles with one distinct head standing on a membranous and goffered stalk; in apical view the receptacle appears to have two heads; head covered with isolated patches of glands; receptacles separated by about 3 diameters.
Distribution. The new species is known only from the type locality in Bandar Abbas and Hormuz Island.