Genus Promalactis Meyrick (Lepidoptera, Oecophoridae) from China: Descriptions of twelve new species

Abstract Sixteen species of the genus Promalactis Meyrick, 1908 from China are described. Among them, twelve species are described as new: Promalactis bifurciprocessa sp. n., Promalactis convexa sp. n., Promalactis papillata sp. n., Promalactis quadratitabularis sp. n., Promalactis quadriloba sp. n., Promalactis ramispinea sp. n., Promalactis scorpioidea sp. n., Promalactis serpenticapitata sp. n., Promalactis similiconvexa sp. n., Promalactis spinosicornuta sp. n., Promalactis strumifera sp. n. and Promalactis uncinispinea sp. n.; the previously unknown male of Promalactis dimolybda Meyrick, 1935 and female of Promalactis flavescens Wang, Zheng & Li, 1997 are described for the first time; Promalactis albipunctata Park & Park, 1998 and Promalactis dierli Lvovsky, 2000 are newly recorded for China. Adults and genitalia are illustrated.

Female. Unknown. Distribution. China (Anhui). Etymology. The specific name is derived from Latin bifurcus (= bifurcate) and processus (= process), referring to the bifurcate distal process of the left sacculus in the male genitalia.
Diagnosis. The new species is similar to P. ermolenkoi Lvovsky, 1986, but can be separated by the left valva with a beak-like dorso-apical process and the right valva with a hooked dorso-apical process, the left sacculus with a leaf-like distal process and the right sacculus with a spine-like distal process, and the aedeagus with one large cornutus in the male genitalia. In P. ermolenkoi, the valva has no dorso-apical process, the left sacculus has a papillary distal process and the right sacculus with an elongate club-shaped distal process, and the aedeagus has two small cornuti. This species is also similar to P. quadratitabularis sp. n and P. similiconvexa sp. n. The differences between them are stated under each of the latter two species.
Description. Adult (Fig. 2). Wingspan 15.0−16.0 mm. Head with vertex shining white, frons brown, occiput ochreous brown. Labial palpus with basal and second segments orange on outer surface, basal segment light yellow on inner surface, second segment yellow on inner surface; third segment ochreous, slightly shorter than second. Antenna with scape white; flagellum with basal several flagellomeres white, remaining flagellomeres white and black on dorsal surface, black on ventral surface. Thorax and tegula ochreous brown. Forewing ground colour ochreous brown; markings white edged with black scales; a narrow fascia from beyond costal 2/3 extending obliquely inwards to dorsal 3/4, its anterior 2/5 slightly broad; two streaks arising from dorsum: basal streak from dorsal 1/5 extending obliquely to above base of fold, second streak from dorsal 1/3 to above upper margin of cell at basal 1/3; costal margin with a dark brown apical spot; cilia dark orange, dark brown basally at apex, forming a large ill-defined quadrangular spot together with costal spot. Hindwing and cilia dark grey.
Female. Unknown. Distribution. China (Sichuan). Etymology. The specific name is derived from Latin convexus (= convex), referring to the sacculus strongly convex dorso-basally. Diagnosis. This species is similar to P. scorpioidea sp. n. It can be separated by the uncus with two small lateral papillary processes at distal 1/3, and the left sacculus having a strong spine-like process at distal 2/5; the lamella postvaginalis produced to a trapezoidal or quadrangular process on the dorsal surface and to a short quadrangular process on the ventral surface. In P. scorpioidea sp. n., the uncus is trilobed distally, the left sacculus has a subrectangular process at distal 1/3; the lamella postvaginalis lacks the process posteriorly. This species is also similar to P. brevivalvaris Wang, Li & Zheng, 2000, but the latter can be distinguished by the uncus without papillary process at basal 2/3, with three pointed processes on the posterior margin which are absent in the new species, and the short cornutus about 1/3 the length of the aedeagus, which is 3/5 the length of the aedeagus in the new species.
Description. Adult (Fig. 3). Wingspan 9.0−12.0 mm. Head with vertex shining white, frons and occiput yellowish brown. Labial palpus with basal and second segments ochreous brown on outer surface, light yellow on inner surface; third segment dark ochreous brown, almost same length as second. Antenna with scape white except dark brown on anterior and posterior margins; flagellum white and black on dorsal surface, dark brown on ventral surface. Thorax and tegula ochreous brown. Forewing dark orange yellow, markings white edged with black scales; narrow fascia from costal 2/3 obliquely inwards to end of fold, its anterior 1/2 broad subtriangular; orange yellow from outer margin of fascia to termen; two streaks arising from dorsal margin: basal streak from dorsal 1/5 to base of fold, straight, second streak from dorsal 1/2 to basal 1/3 of upper margin of cell, sinuate; cilia yellow. Hindwing and cilia dark grey.
Female genitalia (Fig. 31). Apophysis anterioris about 1/2 length of apophysis posterioris. Lamella postvaginalis large and heavily sclerotized, columniform, sometimes narrowed anteriorly; posteriorly produced to a trapezoidal or quadrangular process on dorsal surface and a short quadrangular process on ventral surface: dorsal process rounded on posterior margin, or concave in V shape at middle and forming two small hill-like lateral processes; ventral process about 2/5 length of dorsal one, slightly concave on posterior margin. Antrum nearly funnelform. Ductus bursae long and coiled, about four times length of corpus bursae, sclerotized except small membranous posterior and anterior sections, dorsally with a sclerotized quadrate plate bearing four curved long spines on right side at posterior 1/6, ventrally with a cluster of short spines at posterior 1/6; ductus seminalis arising from near posterior end of ductus bursae. Corpus bursae rounded, membranous, with dense granules; signum absent.
Distribution. China (Anhui, Zhejiang). Etymology. The specific name is derived from Latin papillatus (= having papillary process), referring to the uncus having a small papillary process at basal 2/3 laterally. Diagnosis. This species is very similar to P. convexa sp. n., but can be separated by the left valva with an apical spine and a triangular dorso-apical process, the right valva dorsally projected and serrate on distal 1/4, and the sacculus with a triangular distal process on the left and with some distal teeth on the right in the male genitalia. In P. convexa sp. n., the left valva lacks the apical spine and has a beak-like dorso-apical process, the right valva has a hooked dorso-apical process, the sacculus has a leaf-like distal process on the left and a spine-like distal process on the right. Promalactis pulchra , P. similipulchra Wang, 2006, and P. zhejiangensis Wang & Li, 2004 et al are externally similar to this new species, but their valva lacks the dorso-apical process on the left, and their narrow sacculus is not strongly convex and does not reach costa posteriorly.

Promalactis quadratitabularis
Description. Adult (Fig. 4). Wingspan 14.0−15.0 mm. Head with vertex shining white, frons brown, occiput dark ochreous yellow. Labial palpus with basal and second segments ochreous yellow on outer surface, basal segment light yellow on inner surface, second segment yellow on inner surface; third segment ochreous yellow mixed with dark ochreous brown, almost same length as second. Antenna with scape white except dark brown on anterior and posterior margins; flagellum with basal three flagellomeres white, remaining flagellomeres white and black on dorsal surface, dark brown on ventral surface. Thorax, tegula and forewing dark orange yellow. Forewing with white markings edged with black scales; narrow white fascia from about costal 3/4 obliquely inwards to dorsal 3/4, curved, its anterior 2/5 broadened, with dense diffused dark brown scales on inner margin anteriorly; two streaks arising from dorsum: basal streak from dorsal 1/5 to above base of fold, straight, second streak parallel with basal streak, from dorsal 1/2 to upper margin of cell at basal 1/3, slightly sinuate; costal margin with a apical blackish brown spot; cilia orange yellow, dark ochreous brown basally around apex. Hindwing and cilia ochreous grey.

Distribution. China (Sichuan).
Etymology. The specific name is derived from Latin quadratus (= quadrate) and tabularis (= plate shaped), referring to the quadrate apical plate of the aedeagus. Diagnosis. This new species is similar to P. tricuspidata Wang & Li, 2004, but can be separated by the ventral lobe of the valva having a slender spine-like ventrobasal process, the saccus about the same length as the uncus, the juxta without lateral processes at basal 1/3, the aedeagus without hooked distal process, and the very small cornutus shorter than 1/10 length of the aedeagus in the male genitalia. In P. tricuspidata, the ventral lobe of the valva lacks ventral process, the saccus is about four times the length of the uncus, the juxta has lateral processes at basal 1/3, the aedeagus has a hooked distal process, and the long cornutus is about 1/4 length of the aedeagus in the male genitalia.
Description. Adult (Fig. 5). Wingspan 9.0−9.5 mm. Head milk white, occiput white tinged with ochreous brown. Labial palpus with basal and second segments grey on inner surface, brown on outer surface, second segment black at apex; third segment yellow mixed with black except white at base and apex, slightly shorter than second. Antenna with scape white, pecten yellowish brown; flagellum white and black on dorsal surface, black on ventral surface. Thorax and tegula dark yellowish brown. Forewing ground colour yellowish brown; markings white edged with black scales; costal margin black along basal 1/4, with a slender fascia from base extending to dorsal margin, with a broad streak extending from subcostal 1/6 obliquely to middle of fold, with a large patch at costal 1/2 extending downward to near end of cell, contracted lateromedially, bearing dense black scales antero-laterally; dorsal margin with a V-shaped pattern extending from before 1/3 to before 2/5 of fold, with a L-shaped pattern from 1/2 straight outward to middle of fold, then curved outward to before lower angle of cell; apex with a large ovate spot, mixed with black scales, edged with dense black scales except on anterior margin; an irregular spot before tornus, extending upward to lower angle of cell; cilia ochreous yellow. Hindwing and cilia grey.

Distribution. China (Guizhou).
Etymology. The specific name is derived from the Latin prefix quadri-(= four), and the suffix -lobus (= lobe), referring to the three apical lobes and the ventral process of the valva.

Promalactis ramispinea
Diagnosis. This species is similar to P. trapezia Wang, 2006, but can be separated by the forewing with a white spot on termen; the tongue-shaped gnathos, the valva with a thick, curved digitate dorso-apical process, and the cornutus distally bearing four to five strong spines in the male genitalia. In P. trapezia, the forewing has no white spot on termen; the gnathos is somewhat trapezoidal, the valva has some strong dorsoapical spines and the cornutus is a single spine.
Description. Adult (Fig. 6). Wingspan 10.0−12.0 mm. Head shining greyish brown. Labial palpus with basal and second segments yellowish grey on inner surface, dark brown on outer surface; third segment with basal 1/4 and distal 1/4 white, middle 1/2 black, about 3/5 length of second. Antenna with scape black mixed with white on dorsal surface, yellow on ventral surface, pecten dark brown; flagellum white and black on dorsal surface, yellow on ventral surface. Thorax and tegula ochreous brown. Forewing ground colour orange yellow; costal margin with an inverted triangular black blotch at basal 3/5, posteriorly crossing half wing, with a small white spot at middle within black blotch; cell with a very short, longitudinal white streak at 1/3 on upper margin, with a small white spot at 3/4 and near outer margin; fold with a short white streak at base, a rectangular spot above 1/3 sometimes connected with the white streak at 1/3 of cell, and a L-shaped white streak above 2/3; dorsal margin with three white streaks arising from basal 1/6, 1/3 and 1/2 reaching obliquely to fold respectively, median streak sometimes joined with the spot above 1/3 of fold, third streak sometimes connected with L-shaped streak, with a sinuate weak white line from distal 1/3 to end of fold; tornus with a diffused triangular black spot, extending upward to lower angle of cell; apex and termen with a white spot respectively, surrounded with dense black scales; cilia yellow, tinged with white scales at tornus. Hindwing and cilia dark grey.
Diagnosis. This species is similar to P. tridentata Wang & Li, 2004, but can be separated by the sacculus distally curved like a scorpion tail and the cornutus about 1/2 the length of the aedeagus in the male genitalia; and the columniform lamella postvaginalis in the female genitalia. In P. tridentata, the sacculus is nearly straight distally and the cornutus is about 1/3 the length of the aedeagus in the male genitalia; and the lamella postvaginalis is bell shaped in the female genitalia. This species is also similar to P. papillata sp. n. The differences between them are stated under the latter species.
Description. Adult (Fig. 7). Wingspan 11.5−13.5 mm. Head with vertex shining white, frons yellowish brown, occiput ochreous brown. Labial palpus with basal and second segments ochreous brown on outer surface, basal segment yellowish white on inner surface, second segment yellow on inner surface; third segment dark ochreous brown except white at apex, almost same length as second. Antenna with scape white except dark brown on anterior margin; flagellum white and black on dorsal surface, dark brown on ventral surface. Thorax and tegula ochreous brown. Forewing ochreous brown to ferrugineous, costal margin black along basal 1/4; markings white edged with black scales; a narrow white fascia from costal 2/3 obliquely inwards to end of fold, broadened anteriorly, inner margin with diffused dense black scales anteriorly; two white streaks arising from dorsal margin: basal streak from dorsal 1/5 to above base of fold, second streak parallel with basal streak, from dorsal 2/5 to above basal 1/3 of upper margin of cell, widened; cilia dark orange, dark ochreous brown along distal part of costal margin. Hindwing and cilia dark grey.
anteriorly, broadened posteriorly, posterior margin sinuate, anterior margin heavily concave medially and expanded laterally on dorsal surface. Ostium bursae large. Antrum very short. Ductus bursae long and coiled, about four times length of corpus bursae, sclerotized except small membranous posterior and anterior sections, dorsally with a sclerotized quadrate plate bearing five curved long spines on right side at posterior 1/6, ventrally with a cluster of short spines at posterior 1/6; ductus seminalis arising from near posterior end of ductus bursae. Corpus bursae rounded, membranous, with dense granules; signum absent.
Distribution. China (Jiangxi). Etymology. The specific name is derived from Latin scorpioideus (= like tail of a scorpion), referring to the sacculus curved distally like the tail of a scorpion. Diagnosis. This new species is similar to P. maculosa (Wang & Li, 2001), but can be separated by the forewing without white streak on the cell from basal 1/3 to middle; the distal process of the sacculus nearly L shaped and far exceeding the tip of the costa, the nearly rod-like juxta without lateral lobes and the aedeagus with a heavily sclerotized distal process and one cornutus in the male genitalia. In P. maculosa, the forewing has a white streak on the cell from basal 1/3 to middle, the distal process of the sacculus is digitate and not exceeding the tip of the dorso-apical process, the juxta has strong lateral lobes and the aedeagus has no distal process and has two cornuti in the male genitalia. This species is also similar to P. uncinispinea sp. n. The differences between them are stated under the latter species.

Promalactis serpenticapitata
Description. Adult (Fig. 8). Wingspan 10.5−13.0 mm. Head dark brown, vertex white or lateral sides white only. Labial palpus with basal and second segments dark brown on outer surface, basal segment pale white on inner surface, second segment yellowish grey on inner surface; third segment black except white at base and apex, about same length as second. Antenna with scape white except black on anterior and posterior margins; flagellum black, with white annuli on dorsal surface. Thorax and tegula dark ochreous brown, tinged with dark brown scales. Forewing with basal 3/5 ochreous brown, distal 2/5 ochreous yellow; markings silvery white or white, edged with dense black scales; costal margin with a semicircular or quadrate silvery white spot at middle; cell with a small silvery white dot on upper margin under costal spot; three silvery white streaks arising from dorsal margin: basal streak to base of fold, second streak from dorsal 1/3 straight to basal 1/3 of cell, third streak from dorsal 3/5 obliquely to distal 1/4 of cell on lower margin; fold with a white dot at end; apex with an elliptic white spot, edged with dense black and ochreous brown scales; cilia ochreous yellow, grey along distal part of dorsal margin. Hindwing and cilia dark grey.
Male genitalia (Fig. 24). Uncus subtriangular, broad at base, gradually narrowed to rounded apex, with a subapical tooth. Gnathos about 3/5 length of uncus, broad at base, gradually narrowed to 2/3, distal 1/3 broadened and rounded, ventrally with a small, snake head-shaped subapical process; lateral arm band shaped, about 2/3 length of gnathos. Tegumen narrow posteriorly, convex laterally at posterior 1/3, branched from posterior 2/3, anterior 1/3 nearly parallel sided, rounded apically. Valva sclerotized except an ovate membranous area medially before apex; basal 2/3 almost parallel dorso-ventrally, distally produced to a setose papillary process; costa concave basally and distally, slightly projected at middle. Sacculus broad at base, slightly narrowed distally, concave between 1/2−2/3 dorsally, distal 1/3 produced to a free, setose, L-shaped distal process, directing dorsad, apically serrate and far exceeding tip of costa. Vinculum widened anteriorly, with a slender transverse band joining left and right sides, forming a fan-shaped area between this band and posterior margin of saccus. Saccus short and broad, about 3/4 length of uncus, subtriangular, pointed at apex. Juxta long, nearly rod-like, slightly curved, with a short digitate basal process, distal 7/10 with a bundle of setae on dorsal surface, with longer setae on distal 2/3, apically with dense spinules or teeth, reaching near middle of uncus. Aedeagus straight and strong, about 4/5 length of valva; with two pieces of dense microtrichia and a heavily sclerotized plate distally, basal half of the plate thick and somewhat conical, distal half spine-like and curved; cornutus spine-like, situated at middle, about 1/3 length of aedeagus, with three short spines and one triangular plate basally.
Distribution. China (Fujian, Jiangxi, Zhejiang). Etymology. This specific name is derived from the Latin prefix serpent-(= snakelike), and the adjective capitatus (= having a head), referring to the small, snake headshaped subapical process on the ventral surface of the gnathos. Diagnosis. This species is extremely similar to P. convexa sp. n. It can be separated by the left valva with a small hill-like apical process, the left sacculus with distal process reaching basal 1/4 of dorso-apical process of the valva; the right valva with a large quadrate dorso-apical process dentate apically, and the right sacculus with a small subtriangular distal process in the male genitalia. In P. convexa sp. n., the left valva is rounded at apex and lacks the apical process, the distal process of the left sacculus reaches the middle of the dorso-apical process of the valva; the right valva has a hooked dorso-apical process and the right sacculus has a spine-like distal process. This species is also externally similar to P. baotianmanensis Wang, Li & Zheng, 2000, P. guangxiensis Wang, 2006and P. parki Lvovsky, 1986 but can be easily separated by the valva having a dorso-apical process, which is absent in each of the latter three species.
Description. Adult (Fig. 9). Wingspan 15.5 mm. Head with vertex shining white, frons brown, occiput dark ochreous brown. Labial palpus with basal and second segments ochreous brown on outer surface, basal segment light yellow on inner surface, second segment ochreous yellow on inner surface; third segment dark ochreous brown, white at apex, shorter than second. Antenna with scape white except dark brown on anterior and posterior margin; flagellum with basal three flagellomeres white, remaining flagellomeres white and black on dorsal surface, dark brown on ventral surface. Thorax and tegula ochreous brown. Forewing ochreous brown; markings white edged with black scales; a narrow white fascia from costal 3/4 obliquely inwards to dorsal 3/4, anterior 2/5 broadened, inner margin with diffused dense black scales anteriorly; two white streaks arising from dorsal margin: basal streak from dorsal 1/5 to above base of fold, second streak from dorsal 2/5 to basal 1/3 of upper margin of cell, slightly arched, area dark ochreous brown between these two streaks; costal margin black along basal 1/4, with a blackish brown apical spot; cilia ochreous brown, dark brown along distal part of costal margin. Hindwing and cilia dark grey.

Distribution. China (Sichuan).
Etymology. The specific name is derived from the Latin prefix simili-(= similar), and the species name convexa, referring to the similarity of the two species. Diagnosis. This new species is similar to P. ruiliensis Wang, 2006, but can be separated by the forewing without white dot on termen; the bifurcate part of the uncus curved ventrad, the costa without strong distal spines, and the aedeagus with numerous short spinose cornuti. In P. ruiliensis, the forewing has a white dot at middle of termen; the bifurcate part of the uncus is straight, the costa has a bundle of strong spines along distal 1/4, and the cornuti are absent.

Promalactis spinosicornuta
Description. Adult (Fig. 10). Wingspan 9.0 mm. Head with vertex shining white, frons shining leaden, occiput dark ochreous brown. Labial palpus with basal segment dark ochreous brown on outer surface, light yellow on inner surface; second segment dark ochreous brown on outer surface, basal 2/5 light yellow, distal 3/5 dark yellow on inner surface; third segment black except white at base and apex, slightly shorter than second. Antenna with scape white, pecten dark brown; flagellum white and black on dorsal surface, dark brown on ventral surface. Thorax and tegula dark ochreous brown. Forewing ochreous brown, sporadically with black scales; markings white sparsely edged with black scales; costal margin black along basal 1/4, with a large spot at 2/3 crossing 3/5 width; three white streaks arising from dorsum: basal streak relatively thin, from dorsal 1/5 to near costal margin, interrupted anteriorly, second streak from dorsal 1/3 to basal 1/3 of upper margin of cell, third streak from dorsal 3/4 extending to before lower angle of cell; apex white; cilia greyish brown, white on apex. Hindwing and cilia greyish brown.

Distribution. China (Xizang).
Etymology. The specific name is derived from Latin spinosus (= spinose), and cornutus, referring to the numerous cornuti. Diagnosis. This species is similar to P. fascispinata Du, Li & Wang, 2011, but can be separated by the rectangular gnathos, the dorsal lobe of the valva bifurcate distally and the ventral lobe with two digitate distal processes, and the juxta without spines in the male genitalia. In P. fascispinata, the gnathos is tongue shaped, the dorsal lobe of the valva is not bifurcate and the ventral lobe has two elongate ovate distal processes, and the juxta has an ovate cluster of fine spines distally in the male genitalia.

Promalactis strumifera
Description. Adult (Fig. 11). Wingspan 8.0−11.5mm. Head with vertex shining white, frons shining leaden, occiput dark ochreous brown. Labial palpus with basal and second segments yellow on inner surface, ochreous brown on outer surface; third segment black, almost same length as second. Antenna with scape white; flagellum white except several distal flagellomeres dark brown on dorsal surface, dark brown on ventral surface. Thorax and tegula dark ochreous brown. Forewing ground colour ochreous brown tinged with dark ochreous brown, sometimes scattered with black scales on lower angle of cell; costal margin greyish black along basal 3/4, with a large rounded white spot at distal 1/4, slightly across middle of wing, edged with dense black scales except on anterior margin; two parallel oblique white streaks arising from dorsum, edged with dense black scales: basal streak from dorsal 1/5 to base of fold, second streak from beyond middle of dorsum to basal 1/3 of upper margin of cell, area ferrugineous between two streaks; dense black scales extending from apex along termen to tornus, forming a narrow black apical band; cilia yellow, dark greyish brown along distal part of costal margin, dark grey along distal part of dorsal margin. Hindwing and cilia grey.
Female genitalia (Fig. 35). Apophysis anterioris stronger, about 1/3 length of apophysis posterioris. Eighth tergum sclerotized, nearly trapezoidal, convex anterolaterally, sinuate and with sparse long setae on posterior margin. Seventh abdominal segment sclerotized, laterally with a nodular process at anterior 2/5, posterior margin serrate, sometimes with large lateral tooth. Ostium bursae heavily sclerotized and large. Lamella postvaginalis with dorsal part broad leaf-like, posterior margin serrate and with sparse setae, produced to a sclerotized, ovate process at middle, margined with small teeth; ventral part with two lateral processes: left process with basal 1/3 narrow, distal 2/3 abruptly broadened, with ten spines of varied length; right process nearly spine-like, slightly curved at base. Lamella antevaginalis heavily sclerotized, very short, nearly band shaped, anterior and posterior margin convex at middle. Antrum very short, nearly funnel shaped. Ductus bursae curved, slightly longer than corpus bursae, membranous, posterior 3/5 thin, with discontinuous, weakly sclerotized bands, anterior 2/5 enlarged, with a weakly sclerotized, thin ring at anterior 2/5; ductus seminalis arising from anterior 2/5 of ductus bursae. Corpus bursae nearly oval, membranous, with dense granules; a small and rounded signum bearing one larger and one smaller conical spines, with a shield-like, weakly sclerotized plate at base.
Etymology. This specific name is derived from Latin strumifer (= nodular), referring to the lateral nodular process at anterior 2/5 of the 7th abdominal segment in the female genitalia. Diagnosis. This species is extremely similar to P. serpenticapitata sp. n. It can be separated by the gnathos with a triangular subapical process ventrally, the distal process of the sacculus with a small dentate dorso-medial process, the juxta with a bundle of setae and short spines in distal 1/3, and the cornutus about 2/3 length of aedeagus in the male genitalia. In P. serpenticapitata sp. n., the gnathos has a snake head-shaped subapical process ventrally, the distal process of the sacculus lacks the dorso-medial process, the juxta has a bundle of setae and short spines in distal 7/10, and the cornutus is about 1/3 the length of the aedeagus. This species is also superficially similar to P. dierli Lvovsky, 2000, but can be easily separated by the male genitalia with a symmetrical valva and the aedeagus with one cornutus. In P. dierli, the valva is asymmetrical and the aedeagus has no cornutus in the male genitalia.
Description. Adult (Fig. 12). Wingspan 11.0 mm. Head with vertex and frons silvery white mixed with brown, occiput dark brown. Labial palpus with basal and second segments dark brown; third segment black except white at base and apex, slightly shorter than second. Antenna with scape white except black on anterior and posterior margins; flagellum white and black on dorsal surface, dark brown on ventral surface. Thorax and tegula dark ochreous brown. Forewing with basal 3/5 ochreous brown, distal 2/5 ochreous yellow; markings silvery white or white, edged with dense black scales; costal margin with a semicircular silvery white spot at middle; cell with a small silvery white dot under costal spot; three silvery white streaks arising from dorsal margin: basal streak to base of fold, second streak from dorsal 1/3 straight to basal 1/3 of upper margin of cell, third streak from dorsal 2/5 obliquely to distal 1/4 of cell on lower margin; fold with a white dot at end; apex with an elliptic white spot, edged with dense black scales; cilia yellow, grey along distal part of dorsal margin. Hindwing and cilia dark grey.

Distribution. China (Sichuan).
Etymology. The specific name is derived from the Latin prefix uncin-(= hooked), and Latin spineus (= spine-like), referring to the hooked distal spine in the aedeagus. Diagnosis. Adult with wingspan 11.0−14.0 mm. This species is similar to P. parasuzukiella Wang, 2006, but can be separated by the sacculus with a digitate apical process, the slender rod-like saccus and the aedeagus with two spine-like apical processes in the male genitalia (Fig. 29); the M-shaped lamella postvaginalis and the oval signum in the female genitalia (Fig. 36). In P. parasuzukiella, the sacculus has no digitate apical process, the saccus is semi-oval and the aedeagus has no apical process; and the lamella postvaginalis is absent and the signum is cross shaped.

Promalactis albipunctata
Remarks. Promalactis albipunctata was described by Park and Park (1998) on the basis of six female specimens from Korea. Promalactis akaganea Fujisawa, 2002 was described from three male and seventeen female specimens from Japan. By checking the photographed adult and both male and female genitalia of P. albipunctata, we suspect that P. akaganea is a synonym of P. albipunctata, which can be confirmed only after checking the types of P. akaganea.
Distribution. China (Jiangxi); Korea. Note. This species is recorded from China for the first time.

Diagnosis.
Adult with wingspan 12.5−14.0 mm. This species is similar to P. bitaenia Park & Park, 1998, but can be separated by the forewing with a dark brown fascia (Fig. 16); the sacculus with a bundle of strong setae on the dorsal margin distally, the aedeagus about twice length of the valva and with a small subapical tooth in the male genitalia (Wang 2006, Fig. 40); the lamella postvaginalis with the dorsal part nearly quadrangular and the ventral part trapezoidal in the female genitalia (Fig. 39). In P. bitaenia, the forewing has two dark brown fasciae; the sacculus has spines and small teeth on dorsal margin distally, and the aedeagus is slightly longer than the valva and lacks the subapical tooth; and the lamella postvaginalis is irregularly rounded.
Distribution. China (Shaanxi, Sichuan). Note. The female of this species is described here for the first time.