Three new species of the subgenus Neoribates (Neoribates) (Acari, Oribatida, Parakalummidae) from Nepal

Abstract Three new parakalummid mites of the subgenus Neoribates (Neoribates), N. (N.) parabulanovae sp. n., N. (N.) paramacrosacculatus sp. n. and N. (N.) pararotundus sp. n., are described from Nepalese soils. Neoribates (Neoribates) parabulanovae sp. n. is morphologically most similar to N. (N.) bulanovae Grishina, 2009, N. (N.) rotundus Aoki, 1982 and N. (N.) setiger Balogh & Mahunka, 1978, however, it differs from N. (N.) bulanovae by the body length, body and leg integument, morphology of bothridial setae, absence of aggenital setae, length of interlamellar setae and location of adanal setae ad3; from N. (N.) rotundus by the body size, body integument, morphology of bothridial setae and length of interlamellar setae; from N. (N.) setiger by the body size, number of genital setae and absence of aggenital setae. Neoribates (Neoribates) paramacrosacculatus sp. n. is morphologically most similar to N. (N.) macrosacculatus Aoki, 1966, however, it differs from the latter by the body size, body integument, length and morphology of bothridial setae, number of genital setae, absence of lamellar setae and length of interlamellar setae. Neoribates (Neoribates) pararotundus sp. n. is morphologically most similar to N. (N.) rotundus, however, it differs from the latter by the number of notogastral setal alveoli, body integument and length of interlamellar setae.


Introduction
During a taxonomic survey of Nepalese oribatid mite fauna 1 (Acari, Oribatida) we found three new species of the genus Neoribates Berlese, 1914 (subgenus Neoribates (Neoribates) Berlese, 1914). The main goal of this paper is to describe these species. Earlier the only one species of Neoribates has been found in Nepal (Ermilov and Martens 2014): Neoribates (Neoribates) aurantiacus (Oudemans, 1914).

Material and methods
The collection lo cality and habitat of the new species are given in the respective "Material examined" sections.
Holotypes and paratypes were mounted in lactic acid on temporary cavity slides for measurement and illustration. The body length was measured in lateral view, from the tip of the rostrum to the posterior edge of the ventral plate. The notogastral width refers to the maximum width in dorsal aspect. Lengths of body setae were measured in lateral aspect. All body measurements are presented in micrometers. Formula for leg setation is given in parentheses according to the sequence trochanter-femur-genutibia-tarsus (famulus included). Formula for leg solenidia is given in square brackets according to the sequence genu-tibia-tarsus. General terminology used in this paper follows that of Norton and Behan-Pelletier (2009 Integument. Body color brown. Body surface densely microfoveolate (diameter of microfoveoles less than 1; visible only under high magnification in dissected specimens, × 1000). Anterior part of rostrum, subcapitular genae and leg segments III, IV with larger, sparse foveoles (their diameter up to 4).
Integument. Body color brown. Body surface densely microfoveolate (diameter of microfoveoles less than 1; visible only under high magnification in dissected specimens, × 1000). Medial parts of anal plates with longitudinal stria.
Integument. Body color dark brown. Body surface densely microfoveolate (diameter of microfoveoles less than 1; visible only under high magnification in dissected specimens, × 1000). Numerous stria located around the genital and anal apertures, poorly visible.
Notogaster. Anterior notogastral margin convex. Notogastral setae represented by 14 pairs of alveoli, one pair of c-row absent. Four pairs of sacculi present, their openings short, thin. Alveoli lp inserted posteriorly to S1. Opisthonotal gland openings located laterally to succuli S1. Lyrifissures im located between gla and setal alveolus lm.
Type deposition. The holotype and one paratype are deposited in the collection of the Senckenberg Institution Frankfurt, Germany; one paratype is deposited in the collection of the Tyumen State University Museum of Zoology, Tyumen, Russia.
Etymology. The prefix para is Latin meaning "near" and refers to the similarity between the new species and the species Neoribates (N.) rotundus Aoki, 1982. Remarks. Neoribates (Neoribates) pararotundus sp. n. is morphologically similar to N. (N.) rotundus Aoki, 1982