Six new species of Agrilus Curtis, 1825 (Coleoptera, Buprestidae, Agrilinae) from the Oriental Region related to the emerald ash borer, A. planipennis Fairmaire, 1888 and synonymy of Sarawakita Obenberger, 1924

Abstract Six new species of Agrilus Curtis, 1825 with affinities to the emerald ash borer, Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire, 1888, are described from the Oriental Region: Agrilus crepuscularis sp. n. (Malaysia); Agrilus pseudolubopetri sp. n. (Laos); Agrilus sapphirinus sp. n.(Laos); Agrilus seramensis sp. n.(Indonesia); Agrilus spineus sp. n. (Malaysia); and Agrilus tomentipennis sp. n. (Laos). The genus Sarawakita Obenberger, 1924 syn. nov. is considered a junior synonym of Agrilus.


introduction
The current study stems from an international, multi-agency effort between the following institutions (listed in alphabetical order): the Canadian Food Inspection Agency, the Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Zoology, the United States Department of Agriculture, and the Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences to understand the evolutionary relationships and biology of the highly invasive Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire, 1888 (emerald ash borer -EAB) and its relatives. This effort aims to determine, define, and illustrate the characters that enable identification of EAB and a core group of related species; make predictions about potential new invasive species with similar evolutionary histories and adaptations; educate the public and other scientists; and contribute knowledge needed to develop control strategies to manage outbreaks. A comprehensive, illustrated identification manual presenting these findings is underway. In this paper we describe six new species related to A. planipennis and propose new taxonomic and nomenclatural acts discovered during the course of our study.

Materials and methods
Terminology, morphology, format and style of descriptions follow Jendek and Grebennikov (2011). Square brackets "[ ]" are used for our remarks and addenda. The following equipment was used for observation and imaging: Leica (Wetzlar, Germany) MZ Apo stereomicroscope and Zeiss (Oberkochen, Germany) Discovery v20 stereomicroscope with AxioCam HRc, respectively.
Agrilus daillieri and A. hewitti are very closely related, large (> 10 mm) and robust species which share many morphological features with A. planipennis. Their taxonomic position will be analyzed in detail in the upcoming revision. Diagnosis. This species resembles A. planipennis by the body shape; transverse and trapezoid pronotum; obvious medial pronotal impression; very narrow marginal and submarginal interspace; rounded elytral apices; and by the small scutellum. Agrilus crepuscularis sp. n. can be distinguished from A. planipennis mainly by the missing prehumerus; presence of obvious, yellow pubescence ventrally and by the rounded not spined apex of pygidium.
Description. BODY: Size: 10 mm (Holotype); Shape: cuneiform; Build: slender. Diagnosis. The male resembles A. lubopetri Jendek, 2000 in color, shape and size; however, the following characters distinguish the males of the two species: Agrilus pseudolubopetri sp. n. does not have expanded elytral apices and lacks white pubescence; the interspace between marginal and submarginal pronotal carinae is broader anteriorly in A. pseudolubopetri; and the aedeagus is broader subapically. Female can be distinguished from females of A. lubopetri by larger, more robust size, purple color (sometimes green to copper), and by unexpanded elytral apices. The orange pubescence on the pronotal sides of A. pseudolubopetri is markedly less extensive than that in A. lubopetri.
Description     Diagnosis. This species resembles A. ascanius in having the elytra markedly tapering apically; the elytral apices spinose; the pronotum almost square, disk impressions and prehumeral, marginal and submarginal carinae almost identical; a large rectangular scutellum and pronounced triangular scutellar projection; the thorax and abdomen with golden yellow tomentose patterns; and the head obviously large, metallic in color, and eyes markedly protruding. Agrilus seramensis can be differentiated by the following characters: the pronotum is green (red in A. ascanius), the elytra are green-yellow basally turning blue apically; the scutellum posterior to scutellar carina and scutel- lar projection depressed; the entire scutellum black; ventrite 2 with lateral tomentose golden-yellow spots; the pronotal lateral margin straight (arcuate in A. ascanius); and a broader prosternal process.
Description. BODY: Size: 8.0-11.5 mm (Holotype 11 mm); Shape: cuneiform; Build: slender. Diagnosis. This species is similar to Agrilus piliventris Deyrolle, 1864 in the transverse shape of the pronotum; the ventral and pleural abdominal regions completely covered by golden-yellow pubescence; the scutellum subrectangular with prominent carina; the scutellar disk and carina impressed; the scutellar projection enlarged; and the elytral apices spinose. Agrilus spineus can be distinguished from A. piliventris and by the metallic black pronotum, greenish-black elytra with minute golden dorsal pubescence; and the elytral apical spines turned medially.
Remarks. Jendek and Grebennikov (2011) cited specimens of this taxon in examined material as A. planipennis.