New Staphylinidae (Coleoptera) records with new collection data from New Brunswick, Canada: Pselaphinae

Abstract Twenty species of Pselaphinae are newly recorded from New Brunswick, Canada. This brings the total number of species known from the province to 36. Thirteen of these species are newly recorded for the Maritime provinces of Canada. Dalmosella tenuis Casey and Brachygluta luniger (LeConte) are newly recorded for Canada. Collection and habitat data are presented for these species.

Species of Pselaphinae from eastern Canada are found in moss, grass, and leaf litter in marshes, bogs, and along stream margins, the intertidal zone of salt marshes, forest floor litter, in rotten logs, under bark of dead trees and logs, in tree holes, and in ant nests (Park 1947(Park , 1949Park et al. 1950;Reichle 1969;Wagner 1975;Chandler 1987Chandler , 1991Chandler , 1993Chandler , 1997. Adults are predators of mites, Diptera larvae, earthworms, ant eggs and larvae, collembolans, and other small invertebrates (Park 1929(Park , 1932a(Park , 1932b(Park , 1947Grigarick and Schuster 1971;Chandler 1997Chandler , 2000. Some species may be important as indicators of old-growth forests (Chandler 1987;Carlton and Chandler 1994).
Over 710 species of Pselaphinae are known from North America (Chandler 1997). Eighty-five species were reported from Canada by Davies (1991), with 15 of these recorded from New Brunswick. Majka and Ogden (2006) reported Brachygluta abdominalis (Aubé) new to NS and NB, and to Canada. Here, we report 21 species new to New Brunswick, including two species new to Canada.

Methods and conventions
The following records are based on specimens collected during a general survey by the first author to document the Coleoptera fauna of New Brunswick, and from the bycatch of samples obtained during a study to develop a general attractant for the detection of invasive species of Cerambycidae.

Collection methods
Various collection methods were employed to collect the species reported in this study. Details are outlined in Campbell (1973) and Webster et al. (2009, Appendix). See Webster et al. (2012) for details of the methods used for deployment of Lindgren 12-funnel traps and sample collection. A description of the habitat was recorded for all specimens collected during this survey. Locality and habitat data are presented exactly as on labels for each record. This information, as well as additional collecting notes, is summarized and discussed in the collection and habitat data section for each species.

Specimen preparation
Males of Actiastes, Euplectus, and Pycnoplectus were dissected in order to confirm their identity. The genital structures were dehydrated in absolute alcohol and either mount-ed in Canada balsam on celluloid microslides and pinned with the specimens from which they originated, or glued onto points with the specimens.  Wagner (1975) recorded this species from under bark of pine (Pinus sp.). Chandler (1990) reported that this species was associated with dead pine trees in Latimer Co., Oklahoma, as well as being collected from an oak (Quercus sp.) tree hole, old sawdust, under bark, and at the base of a standing dead pine (Chandler 1997). In New Brunswick, adults were captured in Lindgren funnel traps deployed in an old (180-year-old) red pine (Pinus resinosa Ait.) forest and an old (180-year-old) mixed forest with various conifer species including red and white pine (Pinus strobus L.). Adults were captured during June, July, and August.
Distribution in Canada and Alaska. QC, NB (Davies 1991 Park et al. (1950) reported E. confluens from a sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marsh.) tree hole. According to Wagner (1975), the preferred habitat of this species was loose, moist, decayed woody debris in hollow trees and basal tree holes in American beech (Fagus grandifolia Ehrh.) and sugar maple. Wagner (1975) considered this species to be the most frequently collected Euplectus species in eastern deciduous forests. Chandler (1997) reported that this species was most commonly found in tree holes and rotten wood, but was also taken from barn debris and sawdust and at an ultraviolet light. In New Brunswick, adults were captured in Lindgren funnel traps deployed in an old red oak (Quercus rubra L.) forest, an old silver maple (Acer saccharinum L.) swamp, and an old mixed forest. Basal tree holes were frequent in the red oak and the mixed forest stand. Adults were captured during June, July, and August.
Distribution in Canada and Alaska. QC, NB (Davies 1991 (Wagner 1975). In New Brunswick, adults were captured in Lindgren funnel traps deployed in an old eastern white cedar (Thuja occidentalis L.) forest, and an old red pine forest. Adults were collected during June, July, and August.
Distribution in Canada and Alaska. ON, QC, NB, NS (Davies 1991;Paquin and Dupérré 2002;Dollin et al. 2008;Bishop et al. 2009). Collection and habitat data. This species has been collected from log mold, sawdust, tree holes, and under bark (Wagner 1975). The adults from New Brunswick were collected from Lindgren funnel traps deployed in an old eastern white cedar forest, an old red oak forest, a 110-year-old red spruce (Picea rubens Sarg.) forest, and an old red pine forest. Adults were captured during May, June, July, and August.

Tribe Trichonychini Reitter, 1882
Actiastes foveicollis (LeConte, 1878)** http://species-id.net/wiki/Actiastes_foveicollis Map 5 Material examined. New Brunswick, Queens Co., Cranberry Lake P.N.A, 46. 1125°N, 65.6075°W, 11-18.VI.2009, 28.VII-6.VIII.2009 Collection and habitat data. This species was collected from leaf litter in New Hampshire (Chandler 1987), and is associated with hardwood leaf litters, often near water, and has been taken infrequently from rotten wood (Chandler 1997). In New Brunswick, this species was captured in Lindgren funnel traps deployed in an old red oak forest, an old silver maple forest, an old red pine forest, and an old mixed forest. Adults were captured during April, May, June, July, and August.
Collection and habitat data. Chandler (1997) notes that specimens have been taken from under pine bark, from pine and oak litter, and from tree holes. In New Brunswick, A. globiferum was captured in Lindgren funnel traps deployed in an oldgrowth eastern white cedar forest, a 110-year-old red spruce forest, an old red pine forest, and an old red oak forest. Adults were collected during May, June, July, and August.
Distribution in Canada and Alaska. QC, NB (Davies 1991). ( (Chandler 1997), and Klimaszewski et al. (2007) indicated that the largest num-bers have been taken using intercept traps in old-growth forests, particularly where old conifers are present. In New Brunswick, adults were captured Lindgren funnel traps deployed in a mature hardwood forest with sugar maple, American beech, and white ash (Fraxinus americana L.), an old red oak forest, an old mixed forest, an old-growth northern hardwood forest with sugar maple and yellow birch, a mature mixed forest, an old red pine forest, an old eastern white cedar forest/swamp, a 110-year-old red spruce forest, and an old-growth white spruce and balsam fir forest (boreal forest). This species was most frequently captured in hardwood forests. Adults were captured during April, May, June, and September.

Bibloporus bicanalis
Distribution in Canada and Alaska. QC, NB, NS (Chandler 1997;Dollin et al. 2008;Bishop et al. 2009). Collection and habitat data. Chandler (1990) reported that this species had been taken from various rotten woods and from tree holes. Specimens from New Brunswick were captured in Lindgren funnel traps deployed in an old-growth eastern white cedar forest, old red oak forest, and an old red pine forest. Adults were captured during June and July.

Dalmosella tenuis
Distribution in Canada and Alaska. NB (new Canadian record). Chandler (1997)  Collection and habitat data. This species has been found under bark of maple and oak (Chandler 1997). Specimens from New Brunswick were captured in Lindgren funnel traps deployed in an old red oak forest, and an old red pine forest. Adults were captured during May and June.
Distribution in Canada and Alaska. QC, NB, NS (Davies 1991 Park (1949), Park et al. (1950), and Chandler (1990) reported that this species was most commonly collected from hardwood tree holes and rotten wood. Specimens from New Brunswick were captured in Lindgren funnel traps deployed in an 110-year-old red spruce forest with red maple (Acer rubrum L.), an old red pine forest, an old mixed forest, and an old red oak forest. Adults were captured during May, June, and July.
Distribution in Canada and Alaska. ON, QC, NB (Davies 1991 Collection and habitat data. Batrisodes species are usually found in leaf litter, rotten wood on the forest floor, or in ant nests amongst the ants, particularly beneath the bark of conifers (Chandler 2000). They are known to be predators or scavengers on mites, earthworms, and the brood of ants (Park 1947). Batrisodes frontalis has been reported from beneath bark in the nests of three species of Lasius ants (Wickham 1898(Wickham , 1900Park 1947). All specimens from New Brunswick were captured in Lindgren funnel traps deployed in a mature hardwood forest, an old red oak forest, an old silver maple forest, a 110-year-old red spruce forest, and an old red pine forest. Adults were captured during June, July, and August.
Distribution in Canada and Alaska. AB, MB, ON, QC, NB (Davies 1991 Park (1947), and has been taken beneath bark, from tree holes, and from rotten wood by fallen trees (Chandler 1997). Specimens from New Brunswick were captured in Lindgren funnel traps deployed in a mature hardwood forest, an old red oak forest, and an old red pine forest. Adults were collected during June, July, and August.
Distribution in Canada and Alaska. ON, QC, NB (Davies 1991 (Park 1947). This species has also been taken from beneath oak bark (Chandler 1997), and specimens have been frequently taken in the United States by use of intercept traps or Lindgren funnel traps for bark beetle surveys in pine forests (Klimaszewski et al. 2007). All New Brunswick specimens were captured in Lindgren funnel traps deployed in an old red oak forest. Adults were captured during June, July, and August.
Distribution in Canada and Alaska. ON, QC, NB (Davies 1991;Klimaszewski et al. 2007). Collection and habitat data. Brachygluta luniger was collected in the intertidal zone of a salt marsh and is known to be associated with salt marshes (Chandler 1997). The New Brunswick adults were found on small patches of bare clay at the base of salt-meadow grass, Spartina patens (Ait.) Muhl., on the upper margin of a tidal stream. Adults were collected during August.

Supertribe Goniaceritae Reitter
Distribution in Canada and Alaska. NB (new Canadian record). This species has been reported from Massachusetts south to Florida in the United States (Chandler 1997). Collection and habitat data. In New Brunswick, this common species was collected in various wetland habitats. These included Carex marshes, Carex marsh with scattered cattails (Typha sp.), a cattail marsh, a black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill.) B.S.P.) and tamarack (Larix laricina (Du Roi) K. Koch) bog, a coastal raised peatland with black spruce, an old eastern white cedar swamp, a regenerating mixed forest, along a lake margin among Carex, and in a wet alder (Alnus sp.) swamp. Adults were sifted from moss and litter at bases of trees and marsh margins, sphagnum and leaf litter, and leaf and grass litter on hummocks (alder swamp). Other adults were collected by treading vegetation in cattail and Carex marshes, Carex near Myrica bushes on a lake margin, and a saturated sphagnum mat in bog. Some adults were collected at an ultraviolet light near a mixed forest. This species is most commonly taken from leaf litter along the margins of streams, ponds, and marshes, and from sphagnum moss (Chandler 1997). Adults were captured during late March, April, May, June, July, and September.
Collection and habitat data. One specimen was sifted from drift material consisting mostly of maple seeds along a river margin. Other adults were captured at an ultraviolet light deployed near a mixed forest. Members of this species have been taken from grass debris, old river drift, and in sawdust and can be commonly taken at lights in the United States (Chandler 1997). Adults were captured during June and July.
Distribution in Canada and Alaska. ON, QC, NB (Davies 1991). Collection and habitat data. In New Brunswick, adults of this species were collected in old eastern white cedar swamps and forests, silver maple swamps, a red spruce forest, a mixed forest, a Carex marsh, and a seasonally flooded marsh. Adults were sifted from leaf and/or conifer litter at the bases of trees, from sphagnum and grasses under alders and on hummocks near vernal pond margins, in moist leaf litter under Myrica gale L. bushes, and from leaf litter and moss near brook margins. One adult was collected in an ultraviolet light trap and another from a Lindgren funnel trap. Members of this species have been taken from sphagnum moss and from leaf litter of an alder/birch (Betula sp.) mixture at the edge of a freshwater marsh (Chandler 1997). Adults were captured during April, May, June, and September.

Reichenbachia corporalis
Distribution in Canada and Alaska. MB, ON, QC, NB (Davies 1991;Carlton 2003) [reported from NB by Majka et al. (2011)  Collection and habitat data. In New Brunswick, this species was collected from a variety of wetland types. These include a tamarack bog, a black spruce bog, an old eastern white cedar swamp, Carex marshes, and an old beaver (Castor canadensis Kuhl) flowage with grasses. Adults occurred in sphagnum hummocks in bogs, in moss and litter at bases of trees, in litter and sphagnum in marshes, and in grass litter near a brook in an old beaver flowage. One individual was captured in a Lindgren funnel trap deployed in an old red oak forest. Chandler (1997) reports specimens being taken from sphagnum moss, swamp debris, tree holes, and from a mixture of birch/alder litter on the margin of a freshwater marsh. Adults were collected during April, May, and June. Distribution in Canada and Alaska. ON, QC, NB, NS (Davies 1991) [reported from NB by Majka et al. (2011)  Collection and habitat data. The single adult from New Brunswick was collected in moss and leaf litter under alders in an old-growth eastern white cedar swamp during May. Chandler (1991) reported this species most commonly from conifer leaf and log litters. It has also been collected from mosses in Canada.
Distribution in Canada and Alaska. MB, QC, NB, NS, NF (Chandler 1991 Collection and habitat data. In New Brunswick, C. piceus was collected in old eastern white cedar swamps, an old red oak forest, and in an old beaver flowage. Adults were sifted from litter at the base of a cedar, from a mix of litter, grasses, and moss on hummocks (in eastern white cedar swamp), and from grass litter near a small brook. One adult was captured in a Lindgren funnel trap. Chandler (1997) reports specimens taken from leaf litter along the edges of streams and marshes, from mosses, from rotten wood, and at an ultraviolet light. Adults were collected during April, May, July, and August.
Distribution in Canada and Alaska. ON, QC, NB (Davies 1991).