New Staphylinidae (Coleoptera) records with new collection data from New Brunswick, Canada: Paederinae

Abstract We report 17 species of Paederinae new for New Brunswick, Canada. Ten of these species, Lathrobium othioides LeConte, Lathrobium amplipenne Casey, Lathrobium armatum Say, Lathrobium confusum LeConte, Lathrobium debile LeConte, Achenomorphus corticinus (Gravenhorst), Rugilus rufipes Germar, Homaeotarsus bicolor (Gravenhorst), Homaeotharsus cribratus (LeConte), and Homaeotarsus pallipes (Gravenhorst) are newly recorded for the Maritime provinces. This brings the total number of Paederinae recorded from New Brunswick to 36 species. Additional records are presented for the recently reported Lathrobium simile LeConte and Lathrobium washingtoni Casey. Collection and habitat data are presented for all species.


Introduction
This paper treats new Staphylinidae records from New Brunswick of the subfamily Paederinae. The most recent taxonomic treatments of the North American Paederinae fauna were by Casey (1905Casey ( , 1910. More recently Watrous (1981) reviewed the Tetartopeus (as a subgenus of Lathrobium) and the subgenus Eulathrobium of Lobrathium. Herman (1965a, b) revised the genus Orus. Many other genera in North America are in need of a modern revision.

Species accounts
The classification of the Paederinae follows Bouchard et al. (2011).
Seventeen species of Paederinae are newly reported for the New Brunswick, Canada. Ten of these are newly recorded for the Maritime provinces. This brings the total number of Paederinae recorded from New Brunswick to 36 (Table 1). Additional records and bionomic data of the recently reported Lathrobium simile and L. washingtoni are presented.
Distribution in Canada and Alaska. ON, QC, NB (Campbell and Davies 1991). Collection and habitat data. Lathrobium armatum was sifted from drift material near a seepage area along a river margin, from Carex hummocks in a Carex marsh/flowage near a slow-flowing brook and from moist leaves on the margin of a large vernal pond. Adults were collected during May and July.
Distribution in Canada and Alaska. ON, QC, NB (Campbell and Davies 1991).  Watrous (1980) reported L. confusum from the margin of an intermittent stream. In New Brunswick, adults were found in leaf litter or grass litter near small brooks and streams and in leaf litter along vernal pond and forest pool margins. Some were sifted from leaf litter at the base of large silver maples or from litter in the crotch of a silver maple with multiple trunks. Adults were found in mixed forests, silver maple swamps, red maple (Acer rubrum L.) swamps, and an alder (Alnus sp.) swamp with red maple. This species was collected during April, May, and June.

Lathrobium (Lathrobium) confusum
Distribution in Canada and Alaska. ON, QC, NB (Campbell and Davies 1991). Collection and habitat data. Adults of this species were found in hardwood forests, mixed forests, and a mature red spruce forest. Adults were collected from moist leaf litter near forest pools or vernal ponds, near a small brook, and from the forest floor. One individual was collected from decaying fungi on the forest floor. This species was collected during May, June, and September.

Lathrobium (Lathrobium) simile
Distribution in Canada and Alaska. MB, ON, QC, NB, NS (Campbell and Davies 1991;Klimaszewski et al. 2005). This species was first reported from New Brunswick by Klimaszewski et al. (2005)  Collection and habitat data. Lathrobium spissicorne was found in mixed forests, a silver maple swamp, along a lakeshore, and in a mature forest with red oak (Quercus rubra L.), red maple, and silver maple. Adults were found in a Carex hummock on a pond margin, in moist leaf litter on vernal pond margin, and in leaf litter on the forest floor. Some adults were found under drift material and under a dead fish on a lakeshore. This species was collected during May, June, and July. Collection and habitat data. Lathrobium washingtoni was found in eastern white cedar (Thuja occidentalis L.) swamps, a silver maple swamp, a red maple swamp, a mature red spruce forest, and in an open calcareous cedar fen. Adults were sifted from sphagnum, sphagnum and leaf litter, moss and/or litter at bases of trees (silver maple, eastern white cedar), leaf litter near the margin of a slow stream and a brook, and from leaf litter on vernal pond margins. Adults were collected during April, May, and June.
Distribution in Canada and Alaska. AK, NT, BC, AB, SK, MB, ON, QC, NB, NS, NF (Campbell and Davies 1991;Klimaszewski et al. 2005). This species was first reported from New Brunswick by Klimaszewski et al. (2005)  Collection and habitat data. In New Brunswick, L. debile was found in a silver maple swamp, a red oak and silver maple forest, a red maple swamp, a mixed forest, an alder swamp, an old-growth eastern hemlock (Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr.) forest, and along a river margin. Most adults were sifted from leaf litter on the forest floor or near stream margins. One individual was found under drift material on a river margin. Adults were collected during April, May, and June.
Distribution in Canada and Alaska. ON, QC, NB (Campbell and Davies 1991). Collection and habitat data. Nearly all Tetartopeus spp. have been collected in association with wetland habitats, usually in accumulations of damp leaf litter, moss, and other debris along streams, bogs, marshes, swamps, and ponds (Watrous 1980). Watrous (1980) noted that T. capitosus (as Latrobium (Tetartopeus) punctulatum LeConte) occurred mostly in the boreal forest region but gave no specific habitat data for this species. In New Brunswick, adults of this species were found in silver maple swamps (floodplain forests), a red oak and silver maple forest, along a lake margin, and in a tamarack (Larix laricina (Du Roi) K. Koch) bog. Adults were found in leaf litter near vernal ponds, under drift material on a lake margin, and by treading Carex in a tamarack bog, and one individual was captured at an ultraviolet light.

Tetartopeus capitosus
Distribution in Canada and Alaska. AK, NT, BC, AB, SK, MB, ON, QC, NB, NS (Watrous 1980;Campbell and Davies 1991). Collection and habitat data. Watrous (1980) reported T. rubripennis (as Lathrobium (Tetartopeus) rubripenne) primarily from thin litter in marshes at one locality. In northern New Brunswick, T. rubripennis was found along river margins among gravel and cobblestones or under drift material, usually near water. Adults were collected during May and June.

Tetartopeus rubripennis
Distribution in Canada and Alaska. ON, QC, NB, NS (Campbell and Davies 1991). In the description of T. rubripennis, Watrous (1980) noted that the elytra are usually entirely red and rarely black with only apices reddish. Only one of the seven specimens of this species from New Brunswick had entirely reddish elytra. However, the male genitalia of the dark specimens conform to the illustration (Fig. 51) given in Watrous (1980)  Collection and habitat data. Watrous (1981) reported Lobrathium grande from a variety of riparian habitats. Adults occurred in moss roots, in leaf litter and sticks at a stream margin, in litter in a North American beaver (Castor canadensis Kuhl) lodge and in leaf litter at the margin of a swamp. Larvae were described by Watrous (1981). In New Brunswick, was adults were found in silver maple swamps, seasonally flooded marshes, a mixed forest, and beaver pond margins. Adults were usually found among moist leaves along pond and vernal pond margins or by treading vegetation in marshes. One individual was captured in a Lindgren funnel trap deployed in an old silver maple swamp. Adults were captured during April, May, June, July, and August. Collection and habitat data. Two adults of this species were collected along river margins from under drift material and in sand (splashing), and at an ultraviolet light in a silver maple swamp, and near a mixed forest. Adults were collected during May, June, and August.

Distribution in Canada and
Distribution in Canada and Alaska. MB, ON, QC, NB, NS (Campbell and Davies 1991).
Collection and habitat data. In New Brunswick, A. corticinus adults were collected at ultraviolet light near a mixed forest and in a silver maple swamp. Adults were common in compost with wood chips and decaying plant material. One individual was collected from among sticks and debris near the outflow area of a beaver dam.
Distribution in Canada and Alaska. MB, ON, QC, NB (Campbell and Davies 1991). Collection and habitat data. In the Palaearctic region, R. angustatus occurs under decaying organic matter along forest borders and watercourses and in meadows (Hoebeke 1995). In New Brunswick, adults of this adventive species were found along river margins, in hardwood and mixed forests, and in a beaver dam. Adults were found under loose bark in wood piles, among composted wood chips and decaying plant material, under overhanging sticks on the outer margin of a beaver dam, and in flood debris on a river margin. Two individuals were collected with an aerial net during evening flight (16:00-18:00 h) on a river margin. Adults were collected during April, June, and August.

Subtribe Stilicina Casey, 1905
Distribution in Canada and Alaska. ON, QC, NB, NS (Campbell and Davies 1991;Hoebeke 1995). Collection and habitat data. This adventive Palaearctic species lives in both dry and wet habitats in the Palaearctic region, including meadows, fields, heaths, forests, and hilly steppe (Hoebeke 1995). Adults occurred in decaying organic matter and compost, under stones, and among leaves. In New Brunswick, adults were collected from grass litter and drift material along river margins and from decaying gilled mushrooms and decaying (moldy) corncobs and cornhusks in mixed and hardwood forests. One individual was collected from wet moss on rocks adjacent to a waterfall. Adults become active very early in the season when a deep snow cover is still present, as a number of very active adults were collected from a sun-exposed bare patch of drift material on an upper river margin on 12 April when a 60-cm snow pack was still present. Adults were captured during April, May, June, and September.
Collection and habitat data. Homaeotarus are generally riparian and occur along river margins (Brunke et al. 2011). The single adult of H. bicolor from New Brunswick was collected from under a cobblestone along a river margin during early June.
Distribution in Canada and Alaska. ON, QC, NB (Campbell and Davies 1991). of Natural Resources (Fish and Wildlife Branch) is thanked for issuing permits for sampling in the Protected Natural Areas and for providing logistical support. Survey work in the Jacquet River Gorge Protected Natural Area was organized through the New Brunswick Museum with external funding from the New Brunswick Environmental Trust Fund, Salamander Foundation, and the New Brunswick Wildlife Trust Fund.