New Coleoptera records from New Brunswick, Canada: Buprestidae

Abstract Nine species of Buprestidae; Agrilus bilineatus (Weber), Agrilus crinicornis Horn, Agrilus obsoletoguttatus Gory, Agrilus putillus putillus Say, Brachys ovatus (Weber), Buprestis sulcicollis (LeConte), Chalcophora liberta (Germar), Phaenops aeneola (Melsheimer), and Taphrocerus gracilis (Say) are newly recorded for New Brunswick, Canada. Agrilus bilineatus, A. crinicornis, A. obsoletoguttatus,and B. ovatus are also newly reported for the Maritime provinces. Lindgren 12-funnel traps do not appear to be an effective tool for sampling the Bupresidae. Collection, habitat notes, and distribution maps are presented for each species.


Introduction
presented a general overview of the Buprestidae (the metallic wood-boring or jewel beetles) of North America. This species-rich family of beetles is popular with collectors due to their often bright and metallic coloration. Larvae of many of the wood-boring species bore into roots and logs or within bark or cambium layers of trunks or branches of dead or dying trees and shrubs (Bellamy and Nelson 2002). A few species attack living trees and shrubs. Other species are stem and leaf miners of herbaceous and woody plants, including grasses (Bellamy and Nelson 2002). Adults are usually diurnally active, and some species are active strong flyers and often take flight when approached. Adults of some species feed on foliage of their host plants, others feed on pollen or nectar of flowers. Thirty-nine species of Buprestidae were reported from New Brunswick (Bellamy 2008a,b,c;Nelson et al. 2008). Here, we report nine additional species for the province.

Methods and conventions
The following records are based on specimens collected during a general survey by the first author to document the Coleoptera fauna of New Brunswick and from by-catch samples obtained during a study to develop a general attractant for the detection of Cerambycidae. Additional provincial records were obtained from specimens contained in the collection belonging to Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service -Atlantic Forestry Centre, Fredericton, New Brunswick.

Collection methods
Most specimens were collected by sweeping foliage or hand picking from host plants. A few specimens were captured in Lindgren 12-funnel traps during a study to develop a general attractant for the detection of invasive species of Cerambycidae. See Webster et al. (in press) for details of the methods used to deploy Lindgren traps and for sample collection. A description of the habitat was recorded for all specimens collected during this survey. Locality and habitat data are presented exactly as on labels for each record. This information, as well as additional collecting notes, is summarized and discussed in the collection and habitat data section for each species.

Specimen preparation
Males of some species of Buprestidae (most Agrilus species) were dissected to confirm their identity. The genital structures were dehydrated in absolute alcohol and mounted in Canada balsam on celluloid microslides or glued on cards and pinned with the specimens from which they originated.

Distribution
Distribution maps, created using ArcMap and ArcGIS, are presented for each species in New Brunswick. Every species is cited with current distribution in Canada and Alaska, using abbreviations for the state, provinces, and territories. New records for New Brunswick are indicated in bold under Distribution in Canada and Alaska. The following abbreviations are used in the text:

Family Buprestidae Leach, 1815
Nine species of Buprestidae are newly recorded for New Brunswick, Canada. Among these, Agrilus bilineatus (Weber), Agrilus crinicornis Horn, Agrilus obsoletoguttatus Gory, and Brachys ovatus (Weber) are also new for the Maritime provinces (New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island). Only six specimens of two of the nine species reported here were captured in Lindgren 12-funnel traps during a study to develop a general attractant for the detection of invasive species of Cerambycidae. These traps mimic tree trunks and are often effective for sampling species of Coleoptera that live in microhabitats associated with standing trees (Lindgren 1983). However, the standard black Lindgren funnel traps appear to be much less effective at collecting species of buprestids than species in families such as Cerambycidae, Elateridae, Melandryidae, and many others (see other papers by Webster et al. in this volume). Francese et al. (2011) recently showed mean catch of the invasive emerald ash borer, Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire, in Lindgren funnel traps was significantly increased by changing the color from standard black to either purple or green, and by treating the trap surface with Rain-X (ITS Global Brands, Houston, TX), a product normally used to reduce friction and water build-up on windshields. It is possible that use of funnel traps with other colors may enhance the catch of other buprestid species. Collection and habitat data. Larvae have been reported from pitch pine (Pinus rigida Mill.) and white pine (Bright 1987). In New Brunswick, one individual was collected from a white pine log, another from a red pine stump during June.
Distribution in Canada and Alaska. NT, AB, MB, ON, QC, NB, NS, NF (Bright 1987;Davies 1991 Collection and habitat data. Larvae of this species have been reported from red pine and Virginia pine (Pinus virginiana Mill.) (Nelson et al. 2008). Adults have been reported on jack pine (Pinus banksiana), shortleaf pine (Pinus echinata P. Mill.), and spruce (Picea sp.) (Nelson et al. 2008). In New Brunswick, adults were captured during July and August in Lindgren funnel traps deployed in an old red pine forest. Three adults were reared from small branches of a fallen (during winter 2009) red pine.
Distribution in Canada and Alaska. ON, QC, NB, PE (Bright 1987;Davies 1991;Bellamy 2008b). Collection and habitat data. Larvae of A. bilineatus have been reported from a variety of Quercus sp., including our native red oak (Quercus. rubra L.) (Nelson et al. 2008). Adults from New Brunswick were collected during July and August from foliage of red oak and in Lindgren funnel traps deployed in a red oak forest.

Subfamily Agrilinae Laporte
Distribution in Canada and Alaska. MB, ON, QC, NB (Bright 1987;Davies 1991). Collection and habitat data. Larval hosts include Diospyros virginiana L., American beech (Fagus grandifolia Ehrh.), honey locust (Gleditsia triacanthos L.), and white oak (Quercus alba L.) (Nelson et al. 2008). Fagus grandifolia is the only known host species that occurs in New Brunswick, although other Quercus sp. such as Q. rubra (red oak) occur in the province. Adults from New Brunswick were collected from foliage of Q. rubra, a probable host of A. crinicornis in the province.

Agrilus crinicornis
Distribution in Canada and Alaska. ON, QC, NB (Bright 1987;Davies 1991).  Bright, 1981). Collection and habitat data. Larval hosts of A. obsoletoguttatus reported by Nelson et al. (2008) that occur in New Brunswick include red oak, ironwood (Ostrya virginiana (Mill.) K. Koch)), and Fagus sp. The specimens from New Brunswick were collected from foliage of red oak during July.

Agrilus obsoletoguttatus
Distribution in Canada and Alaska. ON, QC, NB (Bright 1987;Davies 1991). Collection and habitat data. Hosts include a variety of Quercus sp., including red oak (Nelson et al. 2008). One adult from New Brunswick was collected in late July from foliage of red oak.

Agrilus putillus putillus
Distribution in Canada and Alaska. ON, QC, NB (Bright 1987;Davies 1991 Collection and habitat data. Larval hosts include beak-rush (Rhynchospora corniculata (Lam.)) and bulrush (Schoenoplectus fluviatilis (Torr.)) (Nelson et al. 2008). Although the above host species do not occur in New Brunswick, related species in these genera occur in the province (Hinds 2000). Adults have been reported from Carex hyalinolepus Steud., buttonbush (Cephalanthus occidentalis L.), and dock (Rumex verticillatus L.). Adults from New Brunswick were collected from Carex sp., swept from foliage in a marshy area in a roadside ditch, and sifted from moist grass litter and sphagnum in a small Carex marsh. Adults were captured during April, June, and July.