New Coleoptera records for New Brunswick, Canada: Kateretidae, Nitidulidae, Cerylonidae, Endomychidae, Coccinellidae, and Latridiidae

Abstract We report 20 new species records for the Coleoptera fauna in New Brunswick, Canada, five of which are new records for the Maritime provinces, including one species that is new for Canada. One species of Kateretidae, Kateretes pusillus (Thunberg) is newly recorded for New Brunswick and the Maritime provinces. Stelidota octomaculata (Say), Phenolia grossa (Fabricius), andCryptarcha strigatula Parsons of the family Nitidulidae are added to the faunal list of New Brunswick; the latter species is new to the Maritime provinces. Two species of Cerylonidae, Philothermus glabriculus LeConte and Cerylon unicolor (Ziegler), are reported for the first time for New Brunswick. Philothermus glabriculus is new for the Maritime provinces. Two species of Endomychidae, Hadromychus chandleri Bousquet and Leschen and Danae testacea (Ziegler) are newly recorded for New Brunswick. Three species of Coccinelidae, Stethorus punctum punctum (LeConte), Naemia seriata seriata Melsheimer, and Macronaemia episcopalis (Kirby) are added to the provincial list. Macronaemia episcopalis (Kirby) is a species new to the Maritime provinces. Nine species of Latridiidae, Cartodere nodifer (Westwood), Dienerella ruficollis (Marsham), Enicmus aterrimus Motschulsky, Enicmus fictus Fall, Encimus histrio Jay and Tomlin, Lathridius minutus (Linnaeus), Stephostethus productus Rosenhauer, Corticaria elongata (Gyllenhal), and Corticarina longipennis (LeConte) are newly recorded for New Brunswick. Stephostehus productus is newly recorded from Canada. Collection and habitat data are presented for all these species.


Keywords
Cerylonidae, Coccinellidae, Endomychidae, Kateretidae, Latridiidae, Nitidulidae, new records, Canada, New Brunswick introduction This paper treats new records from New Brunswick, Canada of the Coleoptera families Kateretidae, Nitidulidae, Cerylonidae, Endomychidae, Coccinellidae, and Latridiidae. The fauna of these families from New Brunswick and the Maritime provinces (New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, and Prince Edward Island) was recently treated by Majka and McCorquodale (2006), Majka and Robinson (2009) Majka (2007), Majka (2009) Majka et al. (2008) (Kateretidae and Nitidulidae),   (Latridiidae), and Majka and Langor (2011) (Cerylonidae). Intensive sampling in New Brunswick by the first author since 2003 and records obtained from a study to develop a general attractant for the detection of invasive Cerambycidae species have yielded additional new provincial records in the above families. This paper reports on these new records and provides a brief synopsis of each family.

Methods and conventions
The following records are based on specimens collected during a general survey by the first author to document the Coleoptera fauna of New Brunswick and from by-catch samples obtained during a study to develop a general attractant for the detection of invasive species of Cerambycidae. Additional records were obtained from specimens contained in the collection of the Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service -Atlantic Forestry Centre, Fredericton, New Brunswick.

Collection methods
Various methods were employed to collect the specimens and details are outlined in Webster et al. (2009, Appendix). Many specimens were also collected from 12-unit Lindgren funnel traps set in various forest habitats in New Brunswick between 2008 and 2011. These traps visually mimic tree trunks and are often effective for sampling species of Coleoptera that live in microhabitats associated with standing trees (Lindgren 1983). See Webster et al. (in press) for details of the methods used to deploy Lindgren 12-funnel traps and for sample collection. A description of the habitat was recorded for all specimens collected during this survey. Locality and habitat data are presented exactly as on labels for each record. This information, as well as additional collecting notes, is summarized and discussed in the collection and habitat data section for each species.

Family Kateretidae Kirby, 1837
The Kateretidae (the short-winged flower beetles) are phytophagous both as larvae and adults (Habeck 2002a). Larvae develop in seed capsules, and adults feed on flower petals and pollen. The Kateretidae (including Nitidulidae) of New Brunswick was reviewed by Majka et al. (2008). Four species were recorded for the province, including Brachypterus urticae (Fabricius), Heterhelus abdominalis (Erichson), and Heterhelus sericans (LeConte), which were newly reported for New Brunswick. Here, we newly record Kateretes pusillus (Thunberg) for New Brunswick and the Maritime provinces (see Table 1). Collection and habitat data. Adults of this northern species were collected by treading (forcing emergent vegetation into water) Carex in Carex marshes along a lake margin and a brook. At both sites where this species was found, Carex was covered with pollen. Adults were captured during June. Specimens of this species in the Carr collection in the CNC were collected by sweeping or sieving sedges in beaver (Castor canadensis Kuhl.) ponds, marshes, bogs, dried boggy areas, small muskegs, sedge marshes, swamps, in sphagnum and moss at the edge of a sedge marsh, in wash-up along a river, and by sifting willow (Salix)/poplar (Populus) leaves on a slope around a marsh (Anthony Davies, personal communication).

Family Nitidulidae Latreille, 1802
The Nitidulidae (the sap beetles) is a large family of mostly saprophagous and mycetophagous species (Habeck 2002b) with many taxa found in decaying fruit, in fermenting plant juices and sap, on fungal sporocarps, and others on flowers. Nitidula sp. and Omosita sp. are found in carrion, and a few species are minor stored-product pests (Habeck 2002b). The Nitidulidae (as well as Kateretidae) of New Brunswick was reviewed by Majka et al. (2008). Forty-two species were recorded for the province, 28 were newly reported. Here, we report three additional species from the province. See Majka et al. (2008) for a list of the other Nitidulidae species known from New Brunswick. Collection and habitat data. Stelidota octomaculata has been reported from decaying fruit and fungi, coral fungi (Downie and Arnett 1996), gilled mushrooms, decaying pigs, and from pitfall traps deployed in a hardwood forest (Majka and Cline 2006). One specimen from New Brunswick was found in a Formica ant nest in an old red oak (Quercus rubra L.) stand; two others were captured in Lindgren funnel traps in the same forest. Adults were collected during September. Collection and habitat data. Majka and Cline (2006) reported this species mostly from coniferous forests in Nova Scotia and from one hardwood stand. Adults were reported from decaying red maple (Acer rubrum L.) and decomposing fungi. In New Brunswick, adults were collected from Laetiporus sulphureus (Fr.) Murr. (chicken mushroom) in a hardwood forest with sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marsh.), white ash (Fraxinus americana L.), and American beech (Fagus grandifolia Ehrh.) and in an old red oak forest. One individual was captured in a Lindgren funnel trap deployed in an old red oak stand. Adults were collected during June, August, and September.

Family Cerylonidae Billberg, 1820
North American species of Cerylonidae (the minute bark beetles) were revised by Lawrence and Stephan (1975). Nineteen species were recorded for North America (Lawrence and Stephan 1975), seven from Canada, and only Cerylon castaneum Say from New Brunswick (Campbell 1991a). Majka and Langor (2011) reviewed the Cerylonidae of Atlantic Canada but did not report any additional species for New Brunswick. Adults are found under bark, in leaf litter, or in rotten wood and probably feed on fungi (Campbell 1991b;. The adventive Murmidius ovalis (Beck) occurs in stored products (Lawrence and Stephan 1975). Here, we report two species of Cerylonidae that are new for New Brunswick (Table 1). Philothermus glabriculus LeConte is newly recorded for the Maritime provinces. Collection and habitat data. Philothermus glabriculus was collected in various forest types in New Brunswick, including a mature hardwood forest with American beech, sugar maple, white ash, a mature red oak forest, a mature red spruce (Picea rubens Sarg.) forest, an old red pine (Pinus resinosa Ait.) forest, and an old mixed forest. Adults were captured in Lindgren funnel traps during June and July.

Philothermus glabriculus
Distribution in Canada and Alaska. ON, QC, NB (Campbell 1991a). Collection and habitat data. In Nova Scotia, this species was found in red spruce stands on Fomitopsis officinalis (Fr.) Bond. & Sing., in an old-growth hemlock (Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr.) forest, and in a mixed old-growth hemlock, black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill.) B.S.P.), and balsam fir (Abies balsamea (L.) Mill.) stand (Majka and Langor 2011). This species has been reported from under bark of various hardwood and conifer species, and on fungi, such as Bjerkandera adusta (Fr.) Kar. and Phellinus gilvus (Schw.) Pat. (Lawrence and Stephan 1975). In New Brunswick, Cerylon unicolor was collected from under bark of sugar maple, silver maple (Acer saccharinum L.), red spruce, and a conifer stump. One individual was sifted from flood debris along a river margin, another was found in fleshy polypore fungi on a dead, standing American beech tree. This species was also captured in Lindgren funnel traps deployed in hardwood forests with sugar maple and American beech, mixed forests, a mature red oak forest, an old red pine forest, a mature red spruce forest, and an old eastern white cedar (Thuja occidentalis L.) forest. Adults were captured during May, June, and July.

Family Endomychidae Leach, 1815
The Endomychidae (handsome fungus beetles) are found in subcortical fungi, soft polypores, fleshy basidiomycetes, and various molds and mildews or are specialists on puffballs (Lycoperdina ferruginea LeConte) (Skelley and Leschen 2002). The Endomychidae (and Erotylidae) of the Maritime provinces were reviewed by Majka (2007). Phymatphora pulchella Newman and Rhanidea unicolor (Ziegler) (Endomychidae) were reported from the province for the first time. However, the determination of R. unicolor was in error and was a specimen of Lycoperdina ferruginea LeConte, a species new to New Brunswick (Majka 2009). Rhanidea unicolor was, therefore, removed from the faunal list of the province. Majka (2007) discussed the fungal associations of members of this family from the Maritime provinces and the impact that forest management practices may have on the communities of forest fungi and the associated beetle species dependent on these fungi. Four species of Endomychidae were reported from New Brunswick by Majka (2007Majka ( , 2009). Here, we add two species to the faunal list of New Brunswick (Table 1).
Distribution in Canada and Alaska. ON, QC, NB, NS (Bousquet and Leschen 2002). The type series of this species consisted of seven specimens originating from New Hampshire, Nova Scotia, Ontario, and Quebec (Bousquet and Leschen 2002). Majka (2007) reported five additional specimens from Nova Scotia. Majka (2007) suggested that H. chandleri may be the rarest North American endomychid species. However, 64 specimens of this species were collected in New Brunswick between 2008 and 2011, indicating that this species may be more common, at least locally, than previously thought. All specimens from New Brunswick were captured in Lindgren funnel traps, and those reported by Majka (2007) from Nova Scotia were caught in flight-intercept traps, further suggesting that more specialized sampling methods are required to document the occurrence of this species. This species was most abundant in an old-growth boreal forest with white spruce and balsam fir. Collection and habitat data. Danae testacea was captured in Lindgren funnel traps in an old red oak forest and an old red pine forest. Both individuals of this species were captured during August. The specimen reported from Nova Scotia was found in an old-growth hardwood stand, and Majka (2007) suggested that this species may be associated with old-growth hardwood forests.
Family Coccinellidae Latreille, 1807 Majka and McCorquodale (2006) reviewed the Coccinellidae (the lady beetles) of the Maritime provinces. Later Majka and Robinson (2009)  Collection and habitat data. Adults were taken by sweeping foliage of ox-eye daisy (Leucanthemem vulgare Lam.) on a barrier beach, sweeping foliage on a sea beach, and sweeping flowers of seaside goldenrod (Solidago sempervirens L.) in a salt marsh. Adults were taken during late May, July, and September.
Distribution in Canada and Alaska. NB, NS (Majka and McCorquodale 2006). Majka and McCorquodale (2006) considered the Nova Scotia population as significantly disjunct from the remainder of its range (from southern Maine (Dearborn and Donahue 1993) to Central America (Gordon 1985)), and considered Nova Scotia at the northern limit of its environmental tolerances. This species is likely more widely distributed along the coast than originally thought and the distributional gaps may be the result of insufficient sampling in intervening areas. Collection and habitat data. Macronaemia episcopalis was collected from salt marshes during September by sweeping foliage and sifting debris on a log in early May. The latter site was probably an overwintering site.

Family Latridiidae Erichson, 1842
Andrews (2002) provided a general review of the Latridiidae (the minute brown scavenger beetles) of North America. Both adults and larvae feed on fungal conidia of Myxomycetes and can be found in leaf litter (Latridiinae) or by sweeping dead vegetation (Corticariinae). Some species occur in stored products (Andrews 2002). Bousquet (1991) reported 55 species for Canada and only six species for New Brunswick.  reviewed the Latridiidae of the Atlantic Canada, provided keys to the known species from the region, and added 11 species to the faunal list of New Brunswick. Here, we report nine additional species for the province, including Stephostehus productus Rosenhauer, which is new for Canada.

Subfamily Latridiinae Erichson, 1842
Distribution in Canada and Alaska. ON, QC, NB, NS (Bousquet 1991; Majka of invasive cerambycids, which provided many specimens collected in Lindgren funnel traps. We thank the Canadian Wildlife Service for funding insect surveys at the Portobello Creek National Wildlife Area, the New Brunswick Environmental Trust Fund and the New Brunswick Wildlife Trust Fund for funding various insect surveys over the past 7 years, and the Meduxnekeag River Association for permission to sample beetles at the Meduxnekeag Valley Nature Preserve (which includes the Bell Forest). The New Brunswick Department of Natural Resources (Fish and Wildlife Branch) is thanked for issuing permits for sampling in the Protected Natural Areas and for providing logistical support.