New Coleoptera records from New Brunswick, Canada: Tenebrionidae and Zopheridae

Abstract Thirteen species of Tenebrionidae are newly reported for New Brunswick, Canada. Paratenetus punctatus Spinola, Pseudocistela brevis (Say), Mycetochara foveata (LeConte), and Xylopinus aenescens LeConte are recorded for the first time from the Maritime provinces. Platydema excavatum (Say) is removed from the faunal list of New Brunswick, and the presence of Platydema americanum Laporte and Brullé for the province is confirmed. This brings the total number of species of Tenebrionidae known from New Brunswick to 42. Two species of Zopheridae, Bitoma crenata Fabricius and Synchita fuliginosa Melsheimer, are newly recorded for New Brunswick, bringing the number of species known from the province to four. Bitoma crenata is new to the Maritime provinces. Collection and habitat data are presented for these species.


Introduction
The Tenebrionidae is the sixth largest families of beetles, with 1184 species known from North America (Marske and Ivie 2003). Most species occur in arid regions of the southwestern United States, and only 141 species were recorded from Canada by Bous-quet and Campbell (1991) and Campbell (1991a). Forty-eight species were reported from the Maritime provinces (Majka et al. 2008). There have been few recent revisions of genera that occur in Canada (Hymenochara -Campbell (1978b); Mycetochara -Campbell (1978a)), and some members of this family can be difficult to determine to species.
Most Tenebrionidae occurring in eastern Canada are associated with forests and live in or are associated with dead wood; a few are subcortical. A number of species are associated with fruiting bodies of polypore fungi, and a few species are found on flowers and leaves. Most of our adventive species are stored product pests. For more details, see Aalbu et al. (2002). Majka et al. (2008) reported 33 species of Tenebrionidae from New Brunswick, 13 as new to the province, in their review of the Tenebrionidae of the Maritime provinces (New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island). Here, we report 13 additional species for the province.
The Zopheridae, which includes the Colydiidae (Ślipiński and Lawrence 1999), contains only a few species in eastern Canada. Adults live under bark or in rotten wood, and some species feed on fruiting bodies of polypore fungi (Phellopsini) (Ślipiński and Lawrence 1999;Ivie 2002). See Ivie (2002) for a general review of the North American members of this family. Three species (Phellopsis obcordata (Kirby), Lasconotus borealis Horn, Synchita fuliginosa Melsheimer) were reported for the Maritime provinces (Bousquet 1991;Campbell 1991b;Majka et al. 2006). Only Lasconotus borealis and P. obcordata were reported from New Brunswick (Bousquet 1991;Majka et al. 2006;Foley and Ivie 2008). Here, we report two additional species for the province.

Methods and conventions
The following records are based on specimens collected during a general survey by the first author to document the Coleoptera fauna of New Brunswick and from by-catch samples obtained during a study to develop a general attractant for the detection of invasive species of Cerambycidae.

Collection methods
Various collection methods were employed to collect the species reported in this study. Details are outlined in Campbell (1973) and Webster et al. (2009, Appendix). See Webster et al. (in press) for details of the methods used for deployment of Lindgren 12-funnel traps and sample collection. A description of the habitat was recorded for all specimens collected during this survey. Locality and habitat data are presented exactly as on labels for each record. This information, as well as ad-ditional collecting notes, is summarized and discussed in the collection and habitat data section for each species.

Distribution
Distribution maps, created using ArcMap and ArcGIS, are presented for each species in New Brunswick. Every species is cited with current distribution in Canada and Alaska, using abbreviations for the state, provinces, and territories. New records for New Brunswick are indicated in bold under Distribution in Canada and Alaska. The following abbreviations are used in the text:

Species Accounts
All records below are species newly recorded for New Brunswick, Canada, unless noted otherwise (additional records). Species followed by ** are newly recorded from the Maritime provinces of Canada. The classification of the Zopheridae and Tenebrionidae follows Bouchard et al. (2011). Collection and habitat data. This species was collected from various forest types in New Brunswick, including hardwood forests with sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marsh.) and American beech (Fagus grandifolia Ehrh.), a red oak (Quercus rubra L.) forest, eastern white cedar (Thuja occidentalis L.) forests, an old red pine (Pinus resinosa Ait.) forest, and mixed forests. Most adults were collected from Lindgren funnel traps (29). Adults with specific microhabitat data were collected from moss and leaf litter at base of trees, beating or sweeping foliage, and beating birch branches that had dead dried leaves. Adults were collected during April, May, June, and July.
Distribution in Canada and Alaska. ON, QC, NB (Campbell 1991a Collection and habitat data. One specimen was collected at an ultraviolet light in a mixed forest during June. Dearborn and Donahue (1993) reported this species from under bark of pines in Maine.
Distribution in Canada and Alaska. MB, ON, QC, NB (Bousquet and Campbell 1991). The only previous record of this species from New Brunswick was from Bathurst (specimens in CNC).

Tribe Tenebrionini Latreille, 1802
Neatus tenebrioides (Palisot de Beauvois, 1805) http://species-id.net/wiki/Neatus_tenebrioides  Collection and habitat data. Adults were collected from under loose bark of a red oak, at an ultraviolet light, on the trunk of recently fallen Tilia americana L. at night with the aid of a headlamp, and from Lindgren funnel traps. This species was collected in hardwood (sugar maple and beech, red oak, silver maple) and mixed forests during June, July, and August. Distribution in Canada and Alaska. BC, MB, ON, QC, NB (Bousquet and Campbell 1991). Considering the number of recent records, it was surprising that this species was known from only one locality (Restigouche Co., Sea Side) in New Brunswick and the Maritime provinces (See Majka et al. 2008).
Collection and habitat data. No habitat information was included with the label data. This adventive species is considered a stored grain pest (Bousquet 1990). Collection and habitat data. Most adults from New Brunswick were captured during July in Lindgren funnel traps deployed in the forest canopy of a red oak forest.

Distribution in Canada and
Distribution in Canada and Alaska. ON, QC, NB (Bousquet and Campbell 1991 Collection and habitat data. The single New Brunswick specimen was beaten from foliage of jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb.) in a jack pine forest. Majka et al. (2008) reported it from southern Nova Scotia from mixed forests, coastal barrens, and jack pine forests, and on flowers of Virginia rose (Rosa virginiana Mill.) and bush honeysuckle (Diervilla lonicera P. Mill.). Collection and habitat data. This species was captured in a hardwood forest (sugar maple and beech), an old-growth northern hardwood forest, an old silver maple forest, an old red oak forest, an old mixed forest, an old red pine forest, a mature red spruce (Picea rubens Sarg.) forest, and an old eastern white cedar forest. Most adults were captured in Lindgren funnel traps; a few at an ultraviolet light. Majka et al. (2008)   Collection and habitat data. This species was captured in a hardwood forest (sugar maple and beech), an old-growth northern hardwood forest, an old silver ma-ple forest, an old red oak forest, a mixed forest, an old red pine forest, and a mature (110-year-old) red spruce forest. Most adults were captured in Lindgren funnel traps; a few at an ultraviolet light. Adults were captured during June and July.

Distribution in Canada and
Distribution in Canada and Alaska. ON, QC, NB, NS (Bousquet and Campbell 1991;Majka et al. 2008). Collection and habitat data. New Brunswick specimens were captured in Lindgren funnel traps deployed in a mature hardwood forest (sugar maple and beech), an old red oak forest, an old silver maple forest, and an old red pine forest. Adults were captured during June and July.

Subfamily Diaperinae Latreille, 1802 Tribe Diaperini Latreille, 1082
Neomida bicornis (Fabricius, 1777) http://species-id.net/wiki/Neomida_bicornis Collection and habitat data. Neomida bicornis from New Brunswick were collected from under bark, in bracket (polypore) fungi on a sun-exposed stump, and under bark of an American beech log covered with polypore fungi in hardwood and mixed forests. One individual was a victim of a Lindgren funnel trap. Adults were collected during April, May, August, and October. Majka et al. (2008) reported this species from similar habitats in Nova Scotia.
Distribution in Canada and Alaska. ON, QC, NB, PE, NS (Bousquet and Campbell 1991;Majka et al. 2008).  Settlement, 45.8188°N, 66.7460°W, 28.XI.2004, R. P. Webster, clear-cut, under bark of conifer stump (1, RWC); same locality and collector but 45. 8340°N, 66.7450°W, 11.VII.20068340°N, 66.7450°W, 11.VII. , 20.V.2007  Collection and habitat data. Most adults from New Brunswick were collected from dried polypore fungi, partially dried Pleurotus sp., or other polypore fungi on logs or standing dead trees in mixed and hardwood (silver maple, sugar maple, and beech) forests. One individual was collected from under bark of a conifer stump in late November. This was probably an overwintering site. Adults were collected during May, June, July, August, September, and November.

Platydema americanum
Distribution in Canada and Alaska. BC, AB, MB, ON, QC, NB, NS (Bousquet and Campbell 1991;Majka et al. 2008). Platydema americanum Laporte and Brullé was reported from New Brunswick in Bousquet and Campbell (1991). However, no voucher specimens could be located to support this record, but Majka et al. (2008) provisionally retained the species on the New Brunswick faunal list. The above records confirm the presence of this species in New Brunswick. This species was reported by Majka et al. (2008) from one locality in Nova Scotia. RWC); same locality and collector but 45. 8286°N, 66.7365°W, 6.VI.2007, mature red spruce and red maple forest, under bark of red spruce infested with bark beetles (1, RWC); 15 km W of Tracy off Rt. 645, 45.6845°N, 66.8807°W, 13.V.2009, R. P. Webster, old red pine forest, under bark scales of recently fallen red pine (1, RWC).
Collection and habitat data. In New Brunswick, adults were collected under bark of white pine (Pinus strobus L.), under bark scales of recently fallen red pine and under bark of a red spruce log infested with bark beetles (Dendroctonus rufipennis (Kirby)). Majka et al. (2008) reported this species from similar habitats in Nova Scotia. Adults were collected during April, May, and June.
Distribution in Canada and Alaska. AK, YK, NT, BC, AB, SK, MB, ON, QC, NB, NS (Bousquet and Campbell 1991;Majka et al. 2008 Collection and habitat data. The New Brunswick specimen was captured between 19 July and 5 August in a Lindgren funnel trap deployed in an old silver maple swamp.
Distribution in Canada and Alaska. QC, NB (Bousquet 1991 Collection and habitat data. Adults of this species were collected in red oak, and red oak and red maple forests, and a silver maple swamp. Many individuals were collected at night from the trunks of dead or dying red oak trees, usually on areas of the  trunk without bark. One individual was collected from under loose bark of an oak during the day. Other individuals were captured in Lindgren funnel traps deployed in the canopy of silver maples. Adults were collected during July and August. Distribution in Canada and Alaska. ON, QC, NB, NS (Bousquet and Campbell 1991;Majka et al. 2008). This species was first reported from the Maritime provinces by Majka et al. (2008) based on a specimen from Nova Scotia, Queens Co. Kejimkujik National Park (D.C. Ferguson). Collection and habitat data. New Brunswick specimens of this adventive species were collected from under bark of a Populus sp. log (sun-exposed) covered with polypore fungi. This species was reported from similar habitats by Westcott et al. (2006). Distribution in Canada and Alaska. ON, QC, NB (Bousquet 1991 Collection and habitat data. Most (16) adults from New Brunswick were captured in Lindgren funnel traps deployed in a mature hardwood forest, an old red oak forest, an old silver maple swamp, and an old red pine forest. Individuals with more specific bionomic data were reared from American elm (Ulmus americana L.) bolts and taken at an ultraviolet light. Elsewhere, S. fuliginosa have been found under bark of a variety of hardwood species or collected at light (Stephan 1989).