1♂ (NWUX), China: Shaanxi, Mt. Qin, Baolongyu, N34°03' E108°09', 10.vi.2015, 24.v.2015, Jiangli Tan.

Figures 1–6. 

Gasteruption angulatum Zhao, van Achterberg & Xu, 2012, male, Shaanxi. 1 habitus lateral 2 mesosoma dorsal 3 hind leg lateral 4 head dorsal 5 basal antennal segments 6 apex of metasoma lateral.

Holotype, ♀ (NWUX), “China: Shaanxi, Foping, Yueba, Qinling Mts, N33°32' E107°49', 27.vi1.vii.2015, 1095 m, Qingqing Tan”. Paratypes: 4♀3♂ (NWUX, RMNH), same data as holotype.

Runs in Zhao et al. (2012) to G. oriplanum Kieffer, 1911 (but the malar space is shorter in the new species and oblique in anterior view, not subparallel-sided below eyes in anterior view as in G. oriplanum and the mandibles are paler) or to G. assectator (Linnaeus, 1758). The pale fifth sternite of the female, the strongly narrowed head in dorsal view, the shorter ovipositor sheath (about 0.6 times hind tibia vs 0.9–1.3 times in G. assectator) and the yellowish mandible separate it from G. assectator. The new species is close to G. flavimarginatum van Achterberg, 2014, but it has a slightly longer malar space (short in G. flavimarginatum), the hind basitarsus slender and dorsally dark brown (rather robust and at least partly ivory dorsally) and the mesoscutum finely sculptured (coarser sculptured). The male differs by having the apex of the paramere dark brown, which is yellowish brown in G. flavimarginatum.

Holotype, female, length of body 9.9 mm, of fore wing 4.9 mm.

Head. Vertex and frons with satin sheen, finely coriaceous, moderately convex and without a depression medio-posteriorly; head directly contracted behind eyes in dorsal view and temples nearly straight (Fig. 14); temple 0.9 times as long as eye in dorsal view; fourth antennal segment 1.2 times as long as third segment and 0.7 times as long as second and third segments combined, fifth antennal segment as long as third segment, third antennal segment 1.6 times as long as second segment (Fig. 8); occipital carina narrow and non-lamelliform medio-dorsally (Fig. 8); OOL 1.3 times as long as diameter of posterior ocellus; face wide, 2.8 times as broad as high, 2.4 times as wide as eye in frontal view (Fig. 13); malar space somewhat protruding below lower level of eyes (Fig. 13), its minimum width 0.4 times as long as second antennal segment and 0.35 times basal width of mandible and area behind incision nearly square (Fig. 8); clypeus only medio-ventrally shallowly depressed (Fig. 13); eye with numerous short setae.

Figure 7. 

Gasteruption bicoloratum Tan & van Achterberg, sp. n., female, holotype, habitus lateral.

Figures 8–16. 

Gasteruption bicoloratum Tan & van Achterberg, sp. n., female, holotype. 8 head lateral 9 mesosoma lateral 10 mesosoma dorsal 11 fore wing 12 apex of metasoma lateral 13 head anterior 14 head dorsal 15 hind leg 16 ovipositor and ovipositor sheath lateral.

Mesosoma. Length of mesosoma 1.6 times its height; propleuron robust and 0.8 times as long as mesoscutum in front of tegulae; pronotal side entirely coriaceous except for crenulated grooves and sparsely setose, without acute tooth antero-ventrally (Figs 8–10); antesternal carina narrow and hardly lamelliform; mesosternal sulcus wide and deep; mesoscutum and scutellum rather matt and superficially rugulose-coriaceous (Fig. 10); propodeum reticulate-rugose and without median carina.

Wings. First discal cell parallel-sided and with outer posterior corner rounded, and with vein 3-CU1 near its apical third (Fig. 11).

Legs. Hind coxa finely granulate-coriaceous; length of hind femur, tibia and basitarsus 3.9, 3.6 and 4.6 times their width, respectively; hind tibia strongly inflated (Fig. 15); middle tarsus 1.1 times as long as middle tibia; middle femur subparallel-sided and slimmer than fore femur.

Metasoma. Ovipositor sheath 1.2 mm, 0.1 times as long as body, 0.2 times as long as metasoma and 0.6 times as long as hind tibia; ovipositor sheath with dense cover of fine brownish and adpressed setae, its apical half slender; hypopygium shallowly emarginate medio-posteriorly.

Colour. Black; apical half of antenna largely brown ventrally; mandible pale brownish yellow (except narrow dark borders); clypeus latero-ventrally and humeral plate dark brown; tegulum, second-seventh metasomal tergites narrowly apically and widely laterally, sixth sternite widely apically and other sternites narrowly, trochantelli, hind femur apico-ventrally and hind tibial spurs yellowish brown; fore and middle tibiae basally and hind tibia baso-ventrally widely ivory; remainder of legs, veins and pterostigma dark brown; wing membrane subhyaline.

Male. Similar to female (including fine sculpture of mesoscutum: Fig. 18); third antennal segment 1.3–1.6 times as long as second segment; fourth antennal segment 1.3–1.5 times as long as third segment and 0.8 times as long as second and third segments combined, fifth antennal segment 1.3–1.4 times as long as third segment (Fig. 21); apical sternite entirely dark brown; paramere densely whitish setose and its apex dark brown (Fig. 22).

Figures 17–22. 

Gasteruption bicoloratum Tan & van Achterberg, sp. n., male, paratype. 17 habitus lateral 18 mesosoma dorsal 19 mesonotum dorsal 19 hind leg 20 head dorsal 21 basal antennal segments lateral 22 apex of metasoma lateral.

Variation. Body length of ♀ 8.7–10.3 mm, of ♂ 8.2–9.9 mm; length of ovipositor sheath 0.6–0.7 times hind tibia; minimum width of malar space 0.3–0.4 times as long as second antennal segment; tibiae and tarsi more or less yellowish brown ventrally; apical antennal segment more or less obliquely depressed.

China (Shaanxi). Montane: 1095 m.

Unknown. Collected JuneAugust.

Named after the bicoloured hind tibia in both sexes (“bi” is Latin for “two”).

Holotype of G. breviterebrae, ♀ (ECHU), “[Russia,] Saghalien [= Sakhalin Oblast], K. Tamanuki/ Konuma, 23.v.1931”, “Holotype Trichofoenus breviterebrae Watanabe, 1934, det. Konishi”. Paratypes: 1 ♂ (ECHU), “[Russia,] Saghalien, K. Tamanuki/ Nagahama, 28.vii.1927”, “Paratype (Allotype) Trichofoenus breviterebrae Watanabe, 1934”.

China (Heilongjiang, ZJUH); Russia (Sakhalin).

(after Johansson and van Achterberg submitted) Head in dorsal view subparallel-sided behind eyes (Fig. 30), elongate, about as wide as long; occipital carina indistinct medio-dorsally; frons with satin sheen; mesoscutum rather weakly rugulose-coriaceous or chagreened, similar as vertex (Fig. 24) and with satin sheen, in front of scutellum rather rugose (Fig. 26); mesosoma and head silvery pilose; mesosoma with a satin sheen, quite distinct from the rather fatty gloss present in G. assectator s.s.; whitish pubescence of eye of female (Fig. 29) mostly distinctly longer and denser than of G. assectator s.s.; antenna slightly shorter than in G. assectator s.s. with sixth segment about 1.5 times longer than wide and subapical segment about 1.2 times longer than wide; only apical half of hind coxa weakly striate dorsally; hind tibia and basitarsus with white or ivory ring (Fig. 27); metasoma mainly black with orange lateral patches on tergites 2–4, which might be partially reduced (Fig. 23); inner sides of tibiae often red brown to orange with white or yellow basal patch indistinct on fore and middle tibiae; ovipositor sheath black or brown, 0.7–1.0 times as long as hind tibia, its apical half entirely with stout, rather scarce black bristles angled backwards at about 45° (Fig. 32). The male is difficult to separate from males of G. assectator s.s. and identification is not always possible with certainty. In most cases males of G. boreale have a slightly more elongate and subparallel-sided head in dorsal view, a less sculptured mesoscutum and a more or less enlarged malar space.

Figure 23. 

Gasteruption boreale (Thomson), female, holotype of G. breviterebrae (Watanabe), habitus lateral.

Figures 24–32. 

Gasteruption boreale (Thomson), female, holotype of G. breviterebrae (Watanabe). 24 head lateral 25 mesosoma lateral 26 mesonotum dorsal 27 hind leg 28 base of antenna 29 head anterior 30 head dorsal 31 fore wing 32 ovipositor and ovipositor sheath lateral.

China (*Heilongjiang, ZJUH); Russia (Sakhalin). New for China.

Unknown. Collected May-July.

Holotype, ♀ (NWUX), “China: Shaanxi, Hanzhong, Liuba, Zhang Liang Temple, N33.68° E106.83°, 28.vii.2015, 1348 m, Jiangli Tan & Qingqing Tan”. Paratypes (NWUX, RMNH): 5♂, same data as holotype.

The new species runs in the key by Zhao et al. (2012) to G. japonicum Cameron and G. sinepunctatum Zhao, van Achterberg & Xu, because of the very finely sculptured mesoscutum. It differs from both species by the trapezoid head in dorsal view (Fig. 40 vs Figs 55, 102), the distinctly widened hind tibia, fore and hind femora (Fig. 41 vs Figs 53, 103) and the slender head in anterior view (Fig. 39 vs Figs 54, 101). It shares with G. praestans Semenov-Tian-Shanskij & Kostylev, 1928, from Kazakhstan the widened hind femur and the sparsely punctate vertex. It differs by the ivory apical part of the ovipositor sheath (absent in G. praestans), the hind femur and basitarsus robust (slimmer), the mesoscutum finely coriaceous with fine punctures (coarsely and rather densely punctate) and the mesopleuron mainly coriaceous dorsally and posteriorly (reticulate).

Figure 33. 

Gasteruption huangshii Tan & van Achterberg, sp. n., female, holotype, habitus lateral.

Figures 34–42. 

Gasteruption huangshii Tan & van Achterberg, sp. n., female, holotype. 34 head lateral 35 mesosoma lateral 36 mesonotum dorsal 37 fore wing 38 hypopygium ventral 39 head anterior 40 head dorsal 41 hind leg 42 apex of ovipositor sheath.

Holotype, female, length of body 12.5 mm, of fore wing 6.0 mm.

Head. Vertex and frons with satin sheen, finely and densely punctulate (but vertex with some fine additional punctures: Fig. 40), moderately convex and without a depression medio-posteriorly; head trapezoid and gradually narrowed behind eyes in dorsal view and temples convex (Fig. 40); temple 0.7 times as long as eye in dorsal view; fourth antennal segment 1.5 times as long as third segment and 0.9 times as long as second and third segments combined, fifth antennal segment 1.2 times as long as third segment (Fig. 33), third antennal segment 1.4 times as long as second segment; occipital carina narrow and narrowly lamelliform medio-dorsally (Figs 34, 40); OOL 1.3 times as long as diameter of posterior ocellus; face 2.7 times wider than high, 2.4 times wider than eye in anterior view (Fig. 39); minimum width of malar space 0.3 times as long as second antennal segment (Fig. 34); clypeus rather flat and with small round emargination medio-ventrally; eye glabrous.

Mesosoma. Length of mesosoma 2.1 times its height; propleuron rather robust and 0.9 times as long as mesoscutum in front of tegulae; pronotal side entirely punctulate (except for crenulated grooves and some fine punctures ventrally) and sparsely setose, with minute lobe-shaped tooth antero-ventrally (Fig. 35); antesternal carina narrow and hardly lamelliform; mesosternal sulcus narrow anteriorly and moderately wide posteriorly; mesopleuron mainly superficially coriaceous dorsally and posteriorly; mesoscutum and scutellum matt, very finely and superficially coriaceous with fine punctures and medio-posteriorly with some short grooves (Fig. 36); propodeum rugose anteriorly and coriaceous posteriorly.

Wings. First discal cell parallel-sided and with outer posterior corner rounded, and with vein 3-CU1 near apical third (Fig. 37).

Legs. Hind coxa very finely coriaceous-punctulate; length of hind femur, tibia and basitarsus 2.7, 3.5 and 4.1 times their width, respectively; middle tarsus 1.1 times as long as middle tibia; middle femur subparallel-sided and slimmer than distinctly widened fore femur.

Metasoma. Ovipositor sheath 15.3 mm, 1.2 times longer than body, 1.7 times as long as metasoma and 7.5 times as long as hind tibia, ivory apical part of sheath 1.8 times as long as hind basitarsus; apical half of hypopygium incised (Fig. 38).

Colour. Black; mandible dark brown with middle part brown; fore femur apically, fore and middle tibiae basally and apically, and hind tibial spurs yellowish brown; hind tibia ventro-basally ivory; tegulae and remainder of legs mainly dark brown; pterostigma dark brown; wing membrane subhyaline.

Male. Similar to female, but head behind eye slightly more contracted in dorsal view and somewhat shorter (Fig. 47); third antennal segment as long as second segment, fourth antennal segment 2.5–2.9 times as long as third segment and 1.3–1.5 times as long as second and third segments combined, fifth antennal segment 2.6–2.9 times as long as third segment (Fig. 46); mouthparts ivory; paramere densely whitish setose and its apex brownish yellow (Fig. 48).

Figures 43–48. 

Gasteruption huangshii Tan & van Achterberg, sp. n., male, paratype. 43 habitus lateral 44 mesosoma dorsal 45 hind leg 46 basal antennal segments 47 head dorsal 48 apex of metasoma lateral.

Variation. Body length of male 8.7–9.9 mm; sculpture of mesosoma of male very fine and only slightly coarser coriaceous than of female.

China (Shaanxi).

Unknown, but the new species was collected together with a Hylaeus sp.

Named after Huang Shi Gong (supposed teacher of the early Han general Zhang Liang), because the specimens were collected outside the hall with Huang Shi Gong’s statue at the Zhang Liang Temple.

2♀ (NWUX, RMNH), China: Shaanxi, Hanzhong, Nanzheng, Liping National Forest Park, N32°44'04” E106°36'34”, 22.vi.2015, c 1620 m, Jiangli Tan & C. van Achterberg; 1♀ (NWUX), China: Shaanxi, along the road from Hanzhong to Liping, N32.87° E106.71°, 4.ix.2015, c 1377 m, Jiangli Tan; 1♂ (NWUX), China: Hubei, Yichang, Yiling, Chentangping, Mal. trap, 17.v.10.vii.2015, c 465 m, Haoliang Ni; 1♀ (NWUX), China: Shaanxi, Foping, behind Biological Station, Malaise trap, N33°39'29” E107°48'25”, 29.v.19.vi.2016, c 1710 m, JL. Tan & C. v. Achterberg.

The lectotype female of Gasteruption rufescenticorne Enderlein, 1913, is obviously different from the paralectotype male (e.g. head not emarginate medio-posteriorly and more narrowed, narrower occipital carina and different sculpture of mesoscutum) and is very similar to G. japonicum. The differences as indicated in the key could be part of gradual variation and after examination of more Japanese material its status may need reconsideration.

Figure 49. 

Gasteruption japonicum Cameron, female, Japan, habitus lateral.

Figures 50–57. 

Gasteruption japonicum Cameron, female, Japan. 50 head lateral 51 mesosoma lateral 52 mesonotum dorsal 53 hind leg 54 head anterior 55 head dorsal 56 fore wing 57 apex of ovipositor sheath.

2♀ (NWUX), China: Shaanxi, Zhashui, Huanghualing., N33.76° E108.85°, 23.vii.2015, c 1577 m, Jiangli Tan; 2♂ (NWUX), China: Shaanxi, Hanzhong, Liuba, Zibai Mt. Nat. Res., N33.66° E106.78°, 5.ix.2015, c 1627 m, Jiangli Tan; 3♀ 6♂ (NWUX, RMNH), China: SE Shaanxi, Langoa near Ankang, N32°17'01” E109°03'46”, c 1100 m, Jiangli Tan, Qingqing Tan & C. van Achterberg; 1♂ (NWUX), China: Shaanxi, Foping, behind Biological Station, Malaise trap, N33°39'29” E107°48'25”, 29.v.19.vi.2016, c 1710 m, JL. Tan & C. v. Achterberg.

The East Palaearctic specimens provisionally identified as G. tournieri Schletterer, 1885, by Zhao et al. (2012) are included here under G. oshimense Watanabe. The different shape of the head was noticed before, but also the hind tibia and hind basitarsus are slimmer and the sculpture of the mesoscutum is less developed. Most likely it concerns a separate species and because a valid name is available, this name (correctly spelled as G. oshimense) is used here. Especially the size of the males is very variable, e.g. length of body is 5.3–8.7 mm in the series from Langoa collected at the same spot and within one hour.

Figure 58. 

Gasteruption oshimense Watanabe, female, lectotype, habitus lateral (ovipositor sheath missing).

Figures 59–67. 

Gasteruption oshimense Watanabe, female, lectotype. 59 head lateral 60 mesosoma lateral 61 mesonotum dorsal 62 hind leg 63 head anterior 64 head dorsal 65 occipital carina dorsal 66 fore wing 67 apex of ovipositor sheath.

Holotype ♀ (NWUX), China: Shaanxi, Qinling Mts., Baolongyu, N34°03' E108°09', c 700 m, 10.vi.2015, 24.v.2015, Jiangli Tan.

Runs in Zhao et al. (2012) either to G. varipes (Westwood, 1851) (if the pale apical part of the ovipositor sheath is considered to be minor) or to G. sinarum Kieffer, 1911 (if the pale part is considered to be intermediate; Fig. 77). The new species differs from G. varipes by having the mesopleuron black and finely sculptured (orange brown and coarsely vermiculate-reticulate (rarely only weakly so)), the mesoscutum slender and finely rugulose (robust and coarsely rugose), the propodeum mainly coriaceous (coarsely vermiculate-rugose), a shorter ovipositor sheath (3 times hind tibia vs 5 times) and the mandible brownish yellow (blackish). The new species differs from G. sinarum by having a shorter ovipositor sheath (3.2 times hind tibia vs 4.8–6.0 times in G. sinarum), the mesoscutum without coarse punctures (present), the vertex shiny and largely smooth (with satin sheen and punctulate in G. sinarum) and the vertex distinctly convex (less so in G. sinarum). It shares with G. parvicollarium Enderlein, 1913, the convex vertex, but the new species has a longer ovipositor sheath (3.1 times hind tibia vs 1.2–1.7 times in G. parvicollarium), the mesoscutum transversely wrinkled (mainly coriaceous) and eyes more conspicuously setose.

Holotype, female, length of body 10.0 mm, of fore wing 6.2 mm.

Head. Vertex and frons shiny and very finely punctulate, nearly smooth (Fig. 75), distinctly convex (Fig. 69) and without a depression medio-posteriorly; head trapezoid and directly narrowed behind eyes in dorsal view (Fig. 75); temple 0.7 times as long as eye in dorsal view; fourth antennal segment 1.1 times as long as third segment and 0.6 times as long as second and third segments combined, fifth antennal segment 1.2 times as long as third segment, third antennal segment 1.4 times as long as second segment; occipital carina narrow and non-lamelliform medio-dorsally (Figs 69, 75); OOL 1.5 times as long as diameter of posterior ocellus; face 3.5 times wider than high, twice wider than eye in anterior view (Fig. 74); minimum width of malar space 0.2 times as long as second antennal segment (Fig. 69); clypeus rather flat, slightly depressed ventrally and shallowly emarginate medio-ventrally; eye densely setose (Fig. 74).

Figure 68. 

Gasteruption pannuceum Tan & van Achterberg, sp. n., female, holotype, habitus lateral.

Figures 69–77. 

Gasteruption pannuceum Tan & van Achterberg, sp. n., female, holotype. 69 head lateral 70 mesosoma lateral 71 mesonotum dorsal 72 fore wing 73 hypopygium ventral 74 head anterior 75 head dorsal 76 hind leg 77 apex of ovipositor sheath.

Mesosoma. Length of mesosoma 2.1 times its height; propleuron rather robust and 0.9 times as long as mesoscutum in front of tegulae; pronotal side mainly coriaceous, but ventral half (except anteriorly) largely rugose and grooves crenulate and sparsely setose, with small blunt tooth antero-ventrally (Figs 70, 71); antesternal carina narrow and non-lamelliform; mesopleuron coriaceous and medially moderately rugose; mesosternal sulcus wide and crenulate; mesoscutum and scutellum with satin sheen, finely punctate-coriaceous, but middle lobe mainly transversely rugulose and medio-posteriorly broadly rugose (Fig. 71); propodeum mainly coriaceous but rugose anteriorly.

Wings. First discal cell parallel-sided and with outer posterior corner rounded, and with vein 3-CU1 near its apical third.

Legs. Hind coxa very finely coriaceous; length of hind femur, tibia and basitarsus 4.8, 5.1 and 5.1 times their width, respectively; middle tarsus 1.2 times as long as middle tibia; middle femur subparallel-sided and slightly slimmer than fore femur; hind tibia weakly inflated (Fig. 76).

Metasoma. Ovipositor sheath 8.5 mm, 0.8 times longer than body, 1.1 times as long as metasoma and 3.2 times as long as hind tibia, ivory apical part of sheath 0.3 times as long as hind basitarsus; apical 0.3 of hypopygium incised (Fig. 73).

Colour. Black; mandible brownish yellow and basally slightly darkened; apical antennal segment, apex of ovipositor sheath, fore and middle tibiae basally and hind tibia ventro-basally ivory or pale brown; penultimate antennal segment brown; tegulae, pterostigma, remainder of legs and antenna, hind tibial spurs and remainder of legs mainly dark brown or blackish; wing membrane subhyaline.

Male. Unknown.

China (Shaanxi).

Unknown.

Named after the rugulose (“wrinkled”) sculpture of the middle lobe of the mesoscutum: “pannuceus” is Latin for “wrinkled”.

Holotype, ♀ (NWUX), “China: Ningxia, Pingluo, Mt. Shizui, 25.v.2015, Mao-Ling Sheng”, “on Hedysarum scoparium Fisch ex Mey”. Paratypes: 1♀ 1♂ (RMNH), “N. China: Ningxia, Mt. Shizui, 6.v.2009, M.-L. Sheng, RMNH’11”; 1♂ (NWUX), “China: Inner Mongolia, Otog Banner, Yikebulage, 31.iii.2015, Mao-Ling Sheng”, “on Tetraena mongolica Maxim.” [translation of Chinese labels].

Runs in Zhao et al. (2012) to G. dimidiatum Semenov, 1892, because of the emarginate head, the long and black ovipositor sheath, punctate mesoscutum and the finely sculptured propodeum. The new species differs from G. dimidiatum by having the head not prolonged below eyes in anterior view and malar space 0.2–0.3 times as long as second antennal segment (head shortly prolonged below eyes in G. dimidiatum; fig. 107 in Zhao et al. 2012, malar space 0.4 times as long as second antennal segment), first metasomal tergite black (orange or yellowish brown), basal half of hind coxa only coriaceous (transversely rugulose), apex of ovipositor sheath black (narrowly ivory), mesoscutum rather finely punctate (somewhat coarser punctate) and slightly wider hind tibia (slightly narrower). Males may be confused with G. sinarum Kieffer, 1911, the latter species has the hind coxa distinctly transversely rugose, the hind tibia is slim and the mesoscutum is more or less rugulose.

Holotype, female, length of body 13.1 mm, of fore wing 5.9 mm.

Head. Vertex and frons with satin sheen and very finely punctulate, but vertex posteriorly superficially coriaceous (Fig. 86), distinctly convex (Fig. 80) and without a depression medio-posteriorly; frons densely silvery setose anteriorly; head trapezoid and gradually narrowed behind eyes in dorsal view (Fig. 86); temple 0.7 times as long as eye in dorsal view; fourth antennal segment 1.4 times as long as third segment and 0.9 times as long as second and third segments combined, fifth antennal segment 1.1 times as long as third segment, third antennal segment 1.8 times as long as second segment; occipital carina narrow and hardly lamelliform medio-dorsally (Figs 80, 86); OOL 1.4 times as long as diameter of posterior ocellus; face 3 times wider than high, 2.2 times wider than eye in anterior view (Fig. 85); minimum width of malar space 0.2 times as long as second antennal segment (Fig. 80); clypeus rather flat, slightly depressed ventrally and distinctly emarginate medio-ventrally (Fig. 85); eye largely glabrous; head shallowly U-shaped emarginate posteriorly (Fig. 86).

Figures 78–79. 

Gasteruption shengi Tan & van Achterberg, sp. n., female holotype (78) and male paratype (79), habitus lateral.

Figures 80–88. 

Gasteruption shengi Tan & van Achterberg, sp. n., female, holotype. 80 head lateral 81 mesosoma lateral 82 mesonotum dorsal 83 fore wing 84 hypopygium lateral 85 head anterior 86 head dorsal 87 hind leg 88 apex of ovipositor sheath.

Mesosoma. Length of mesosoma twice its height; propleuron rather robust and 0.8 times as long as mesoscutum in front of tegulae; pronotal side mainly superficially coriaceous, with grooves crenulate and largely densely silvery setose, with small acute tooth antero-ventrally (Fig. 80); antesternal carina narrow and non-lamelliform; mesopleuron coriaceous and largely densely silvery setose; mesosternal sulcus rather wide and crenulate; mesoscutum and scutellum with satin sheen, mesoscutum rather coarsely punctate but interspace mostly wider than diameter of punctures, interspaces superficially coriaceous, but middle lobe medio-posteriorly with few rugae (Fig. 82); scutellum mainly superficially coriaceous and with few small punctures; propodeum mainly coriaceous but medially with transverse crenulation connected to smooth median area.

Wings. First discal cell parallel-sided and with outer posterior corner rounded and with vein 3-CU1 near its apical third (Fig. 83).

Legs. Hind coxa very finely coriaceous and with satin sheen; length of hind femur, tibia and basitarsus 4.6, 4.7 and 5.3 times their width, respectively; middle tarsus 1.2 times as long as middle tibia; middle femur subparallel-sided and slightly slimmer than fore femur; hind tibia moderately inflated (Fig. 87).

Metasoma. Ovipositor sheath 14.4 mm, 1.1 times longer than body, 1.6 times as long as metasoma and 5.9 times as long as hind tibia, apex of sheath black; apical 0.5 of hypopygium incised (Fig. 84).

Colour. Black; mandible brown and basally slightly darkened; base and apex of fore and middle tibiae, most of fore and middle basitarsi and subbasal ring of hind tibia ivory or pale brown; tegulae, base and apex of fore and middle femora, remainder of fore and middle tarsi (but middle telotarsus dark brown), hind tibial spurs, secondfifth metasomal segments, apical half of hypopygium and lateral spots on sixth tergite brown; pterostigma, veins and clypeus ventrally dark brown; wing membrane subhyaline.

Male. Similar to female, but sculpture of mesoscutum coarser (Fig. 90), head less emarginate posteriorly and propodeum more or less reticulate; third antennal segment 1.3 times as long as second segment, fourth antennal segment 1.9–2.1 times as long as third segment and 1.1–1.2 times as long as second and third segments combined, fifth antennal segment 1.9–2.3 times as long as third segment (Fig. 93); mouthparts partly ivory; paramere greyish setose and its apex black (Fig. 94); hind tarsus mainly dark brown or blackish.

Figures 89–94. 

Gasteruption shengi Tan & van Achterberg, sp. n., male, paratype from Inner Mongolia. 89 head lateral 90 mesosoma dorsal 91 hind leg 92 head dorsal 93 basal antennal segments 94 apex of metasoma lateral.

Variation. Body length of female 12.1–13.1 mm, of male 10.1–11.5 mm; length of malar space 0.2–0.3 times as long as second antennal segment; propleuron 0.8–0.9 times as long as mesoscutum in front of tegulae; ovipositor sheath 10.5–14.4 mm, 0.9–1.1 times longer than body, 1.4–1.6 times as long as metasoma and 4.1–5.9 times as long as hind tibia; occipital carina of female paratype narrow lamelliform medio-dorsally, mandible rather yellowish brown, hypopygium and sixth tergite entirely brown and seventh tergite laterally so, fore and middle legs (except coxae and trochanters) mainly brown, tegulae dark brown, hind femur brownish black and subbasal ring of hind tibia brownish.

China (Ningxia, Inner Mongolia).

Unknown.

Named after the collector, Prof. Dr Mao-Ling Sheng, for his contribution of our knowledge of Chinese parasitoid Hymenoptera.

1♀ (NWUX), China: Shaanxi, Hanzhong, Liuba, Zibai Mt. Nature Reserve, N33.66° E106.78°, 5.ix.2015, c 1627 m, Jiangli Tan.

Known in China from Jilin, Zhejiang, Taiwan and Tibet; new for Shaanxi.

Figure 95. 

Gasteruption sinepunctatum Zhao, van Achterberg & Xu, female, Shaanxi, habitus lateral.

Figures 96–104. 

Gasteruption sinepunctatum Zhao, van Achterberg & Xu, female, Shaanxi. 96 head lateral 97 mesosoma lateral 98 mesonotum dorsal 99 fore wing 100 hypopygium ventral 101 head anterior 102 head dorsal 103 hind leg 104 apex of ovipositor sheath.