Research Article |
Corresponding author: Remani Rajan Rachana ( vavarachana@gmail.com ) Academic editor: Elison Fabricio B. Lima
© 2023 Remani Rajan Rachana, Bellapu Amarendra, Ramasamy Gandhi Gracy, Katasani Venkata Nagarjuna Reddy.
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Citation:
Rachana RR, Amarendra B, Gracy RG, Nagarjuna Reddy KV (2023) A remarkable new genus of Thripinae (Thysanoptera, Thripidae) without anteocellar setae from India. ZooKeys 1141: 65-73. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1141.96170
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Nandithrips pouzolziae gen. et sp. nov. (Thripidae, Thripinae) is described from the flowers of Pouzolzia petandra subsp. wightii (Urticaceae) found in Nandi hills, Karnataka, India. This new genus is characterised by an apomorphy, ocellar setae pairs I and II are both absent, and also has a unique discontinuous pore plate distribution, with a single circular or oval pore plate medially on abdominal sternites II and V–VII of males. Partial mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (mtCOI) gene sequence of N. pouzolziae was sequenced and the annotated sequence was submitted to NCBI GenBank.
Bengaluru, Karnataka, Nandi hills, Nandithrips pouzolziae, Pouzolzia petandra subsp. wightii, thrips
The Thripinae (Thysanoptera, Thripidae) is the largest of the four subfamilies of the family Thripidae (
The objective of this paper is to diagnose a new genus and species from Nandi hills, Karnataka, India. The new species was collected in the flowers of Pouzolzia petandra subsp. wightii (Benn. & R. Br.) Friis & Wilmot-Dear (Urticaceae), and compare these to related genera.
The specimens were collected by beating leaves and flowers of Pouzolzia petandra subsp. wightii onto a plastic tray. Specimens were removed with a fine brush into a collecting vial containing 90% ethyl alcohol and mounted onto slides with Canada balsam. They were examined using an Olympus BX 51 microscope and measured using a micrometre eyepiece. Photographs were taken with a Nikon DS-Vi1 camera mounted on a Nikon Eclipse 80i microscope. Keys to genera of the subfamily Thripinae were consulted in diagnosing the new genus (
Nandithrips pouzolziae sp. nov.
Female macroptera. Mouth-cone short and rounded at apex, with 3-segmented maxillary palpi. Ocellar setae pairs I and II absent. Antennae 8-segmented, segment I without median dorsal apical setae, III and IV with forked sensoria, III–VI with a few microtrichial rows (Fig.
Male macroptera. Abdominal tergite IX without median short and stout setae (Fig.
In reference to the type locality.
The absence of ctenidia on the abdominal tergites indicates that Nandithrips is not related to either the Thrips or Frankliniella genus groups (
The lack of microtrichial fields laterally on the abdominal tergites indicates that this genus is not related to Scirtothrips genus-group (
It is similar to the Old World flower-inhabiting genus, Lefroyothrips Priesner in colour, appearance, the absence of paired dorso-apical setae on antennal segment I, sculpture and chaetotaxy of the meso- and metanota, the absence of ctenidia and craspeda, and the presence of a group of microtrichia anterior to spiracle on abdominal segment VIII; however, Nandithrips is distinguished from Lefroyothrips in lacking ocellar setae pair I, the tergite VIII with the posteromarginal comb interrupted medially, the position of S2 setae on abdominal sternite VII, the pore gland shape and distribution on the sternites of males, and the stout thorn-like setae on tergite IX of males absent. Many of the characters of Nandithrips, particularly the absence of a pair of dorso apical setae on the first antennal segment, are shared with species of the flower-inhabiting genera Ceratothrips Reuter and Projectothrips Moulton. However, Nandithrips differs from Ceratothrips by lacking ocellar setae pair I, tergite VIII with the posteromarginal comb interrupted medially, the position of S1 and S2 setae on abdominal sternite VII, and the pore gland shape and distribution on the sternites of males. Projectothrips is a highly distinctive genus because of the elongate, slender, eighth antennal segment that is about nine times as long as wide. This genus shares several character states with the members of Megalurothrips genus group (Craspedothrips zur Strassen, Megalurothrips Bagnall, Odontothripiella Bagnall, and Odontothrips Amyot & Serville) and Ceratothripoides Bagnall, Retanathrips Mound & Nickle, and Pezothrips Karny. However, the absence of a pair of dorsoapical setae on the first antennal segment indicates that it is not related to these genera. Even though
To conclude, although Nandithrips is a member of the subfamily Thripinae, more precise relationships are not clear.
Holotype
female, Nandi hills (13.37°N, 77.68°E), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India, in the flowers of Pouzolzia petandra subsp. wightii (Fig.
Female macroptera (Fig.
Measurements (holotype female in microns). Body length 1200. Head, length 90; width across eyes 115; ocellar setae III 18; postocular setae I 23. Pronotum length 100; width 143; outer posteroangular setae 38; inner posteroangular setae 58. Fore wing length 520. Antennal segments III–VIII length 40, 35, 33, 38, 5, 8.
Male macroptera (Fig.
Measurements (paratype male in microns). Body length 850. Head, length 70; width across eyes 100; ocellar setae III 13. Pronotum, length 88; width 125; outer posteroangular setae 33; inner posteroangular setae 40. Fore wing length 450. Antennal segments III–VIII length 38, 35, 28, 35, 5, 8.
In reference to the host plant of this species.
A partial mtCOI gene of N. pouzolziae was sequenced and the annotated gene sequence was deposited in the National Centre for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) database, accession number OP714094.
We are grateful to A.N. Sringeswara, University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru for identifying the host plant. We wish to express our cordial thanks to Masami Masumoto of the Yokohama Plant Protection Station for his informative discussions during the study. We extend special thanks to the editor Elison Fabricio B. Lima and three reviewers for their comments and valuable suggestions for improving the quality of this article. Thanks are also due to R. Varatharajan, Manipur University, and V.S. Chinnu, University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru, for providing useful references. This study was financially supported by the SERB, Department of Science and Technology, New Delhi, through a Core Research Grant Project entitled “Taxonomy and diversity of terebrantian thrips (Thysanoptera: Terebrantia) from south India with special reference to Western Ghats” (CRG/2021/006228) to the first author. We thank Dr S.N. Sushil, Director, ICAR-NBAIR for his support and providing necessary facilities.