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Research Article
Two new species of Deutereulophus Schulz (Hymenoptera, Eulophidae) from China, with a key to Chinese species
expand article infoJun-Jie Fan‡, Cheng-De Li‡
‡ Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China

Corresponding author: Cheng-De Li ( lichengde0608@sina.com )

Academic editor: Kees van Achterberg
© 2022 Jun-Jie Fan, Cheng-De Li.
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Citation: Fan J-J, Li C-D (2022) Two new species of Deutereulophus Schulz (Hymenoptera, Eulophidae) from China, with a key to Chinese species. ZooKeys 1114: 1-9. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1114.86598
ZooBank: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:5A4427AE-4063-4422-BEE7-19C98506E5A6
Open Access

Abstract

Two new species of Deutereulophus Schulz, D. felix sp. nov. and D. daguisiensis sp. nov., are described from China. A key to species of Deutereulophus known from China is provided.

Keywords

Chalcidoidea, Eulophinae, tennysoni species-group, parasitoid, taxonomy

Introduction

Deutereulophus Schulz is one of several small genera of the tribe Eulophini, subfamily Eulophinae (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae). Species of the genus are distributed in all zoogeographic regions, except for the Afrotropical region. Currently Deutereulophus contains 23 valid species (Noyes 2019): 10 species from the Australasian region (Girault 1913, 1915, 1922; Yoshimoto and Ishii 1965; Bouček 1988); seven species from the Oriental region (Zhu and Huang 2002a, 2002b; Ubaidillah 2003; Narendran et al. 2007; Narendran 2011); five species from the Nearctic region (Schauff 2000); three species from the Palearctic region (Erdös 1951; Zhu and Huang 2002a; Bae and Jung 2021); and two species from the Neotropical region (Ashmead 1904). Four of the species are known from China: D. froudei (Girault), D. interruptus Zhu & Huang, D. marginatus Zhu & Huang, and D. tennysoni (Girault) (Zhu and Huang 2002a, 2002b).

The genus Deutereulophus (as Entedonomorpha Girault) was subdivided into two species groups by Bouček (1988). This study describes two new species of the genus within the tennysoni-group and provides a key to all species occurring in China.

Material and methods

All specimens were collected by sweeping or yellow-pan trapping, and were dissected and mounted in Canada balsam on slides following the method of Noyes (1982), or mounted on a card. Slide-mounted specimens were photographed with a digital CCD camera attached to an Olympus BX51 compound microscope. Specimens on cards were photographed with an Aosvi AO-HK830-5870T microscope. Measurements were made using the built-in software of Aosvi AO-HK830-5870T. The quality of these photos was improved by using Helicon Focus 7 and Adobe Photoshop 2020.

Terminology follows the Hymenoptera Anatomy Consortium (2022) for most body parts except the callus, which follows Gibson (1997). The following abbreviations are used:

F1–3 flagellomeres 1–3;

MV marginal vein;

OOL minimum distance between a posterior ocellus and corresponding eye margin;

PMV postmarginal vein;

POL minimum distance between posterior ocelli;

SMV submarginal vein;

STV stigmal vein.

All type material is deposited in the insect collections at Northeast Forestry University (NEFU), Harbin, China.

Taxonomy

Deutereulophus Schulz

Eulophopteryx Ashmead, 1904: 341. Type species: Eulophopteryx chapadae Ashmead, by monotypy. Preoccupied by Eulophopteryx Möschler 1878: 684.

Deutereulophus Schulz, 1906: 146. Replacement name for EulophopteryxAshmead 1904.

Entedonomorpha Girault, 1913: 261. Type species: Entedonomorpha tennysoni Girault, by original designation. Synonymised with Deutereulophus Schulz by LaSalle and Schauff 1992: 17.

Bryopezus Erdös, 1951: 171. Type species: Bryopezus brevipennis Erdös, by monotypy. Synonymised with Deutereulophus Schulz by Burks 2012: 26.

Diagnosis

Female antenna with funicle 3- or 4-segmented; clava 3- or 4-segmented; male antenna with funicle 4- or 5-segmented; occiput concave, usually with an occipital carina; pronotum with sides rounded or parallel, without a transverse carina along anterior part of pronotal collar; notauli complete; midlobe of mesoscutum with 2 pairs of setae; mesoscutellum with sublateral grooves that are converging posteriorly and meeting medially or not; propodeum with middle part high, convex; metasoma with distinct petiole.

Key to Chinese species of Deutereulophus Schulz based on females

1 Funicle 3-segmented (Figs 3, 7) 2
– Funicle 4-segmented D. froudei (Girault)
2 Sublateral grooves on mesoscutellum converging and meeting posteriorly (Figs 5, 6) 3
– Sublateral grooves on mesoscutellum not meeting posteriorly (Zhu and Huang 2002a: 355, fig. 5) 5
3 Propodeum with a raised triangular cup-shaped area anteromedially (Fig. 6) D. daguisiensis sp. nov.
– Propodeum without a raised triangular cup-shaped area anteromedially 4
4 POL 2.8× OOL; metasoma mostly yellow with margins dark brown to black (Fig. 5) D. felix sp. nov.
– POL 1.6× OOL (Zhu and Huang 2002a: 356, fig. 17); metasoma completely yellow D. marginatus Zhu & Huang
5 Metasoma metallic green D. interruptus Zhu & Huang
– Metasoma lemon yellow D. tennysoni (Girault)

Deutereulophus tennysoni species-group

Deutereulophus felix sp. nov.

https://zoobank.org/7A880BD3-AB31-4506-A7BC-11EB5A3157F7
Figs 1–5

Type material

Holotype , ♀ [NEFU; on card], China, Hunan Province, Chenzhou City, Yongxing County, Bianjiang Town, Pengjiawan Village, 23–25. VII. 2021, Shu-Chen Deng, by yellow-pan trapping. Paratypes: 4♀ [2 ♀ on slide, 2 ♀on cards], same data as holotype.

Diagnosis

Head and mesosoma black. Face strongly reticulate with large meshes. Antennal scrobes smooth. Vertex with scattered pits. Antenna yellow with scape pale yellow. Female funicle 3-segmented, clava 4-segmented. Mesoscutum strongly reticulate with large meshes. Sublateral grooves on mesoscutellum converging and meeting posteriorly. Legs mostly yellowish-white. Metasoma yellow with margins dark brown to black.

Description

Female. Length 1.4 mm, fore wing length 1.0 mm. Head and mesosoma black. Eyes gray. Ocelli pale yellow. Antenna yellow with scape pale yellow. Mandibles dark brown. Petiole black. Metasoma yellow with margins dark brown to black. Legs mostly yellowish-white. Wings hyaline with veins brown.

Head (Fig. 2) 1.3× as wide as high in frontal view and 2.2× as wide as long in dorsal view. Face strongly reticulate with large meshes. Antennal scrobes smooth, reaching anterior ocellus. Vertex with scattered pits and short setae. Occiput strongly reticulate, occipital carina present. Eyes with extremely short and sparse setae. POL 2.8× OOL. Malar sulcus present, malar space 0.44× eye height. Mandible with one large tooth which includes three small teeth at its apex. Antenna (Figs 1, 3) with scape slender and cylindrical, 6.6× as long as wide; pedicel 2.0× as long as wide and scape 2.9× as long as pedicel; funicle 3-segmented, F1 2.1× as long as wide and almost as long as pedicel, F2 1.3× as long as wide, F3 1.1× as long as wide; clava 4-segmented, 2.8× as long as wide. Relative measurements (length: width): scape = 40: 6; pedicel = 14: 7; F1 = 15: 7; F2 = 12: 9; F3 = 12: 11; clava = 34: 12.

Mesosoma (Figs 1, 5) 1.4× as long as wide. Pronotum rectangular, strongly reticulate with large meshes, covered with numerous setae and 2 considerably long setae posteromedially, without transverse carina along anterior margin of pronotal collar. Mesoscutum strongly reticulate with large meshes, midlobe of mesoscutum with 2 pairs of long setae. Axillae slightly advanced with faint reticulation. Mesoscutellum weakly reticulate, meshes of reticulation smaller and shallower than meshes on mesoscutum, with 2 pairs of long setae; sublateral grooves united posteriorly. Propodeum about 0.5× as long as length of mesoscutellum measured medially, smooth, median carina split and diverging posteriorly, plicae and paraspiracular carina present; spiracles separated from metanotum by a distance shorter than their own diameter; each propodeal callus with 9 setae.

Wings. Fore wing (Fig. 4) 2.1× as long as wide. SMV with 5 setae on dorsal surface. Cubital vein straight at base. Speculum small, closed posteriorly. Relative measurements (length): SMV = 36; MV = 36; PMV = 12; STV = 16.

Metasoma (Figs 1, 5) almost as long as mesosoma. Petiole longer than wide in dorsal view. Metasoma ovate, 1.1× as long as wide; first tergite 0.3× as long as length of metasoma. Ovipositor exserted beyond apex of metasoma.

Figure 1–5. 

Deutereulophus felix sp. nov., female, holotype 1 paratype (2–5) 1 habitus in lateral view 2 head in frontal view 3 antenna 4 fore wing 5 habitus in dorsal view. Scale bars: 100 μm.

Male. Unknown.

Host

Unknown.

Distribution

China (Hunan).

Etymology

Named after the Latin adjective felix, meaning lucky.

Remarks

The new species is similar to Deutereulophus marginatus, and can be separated using the key given above.

Deutereulophus daguisiensis sp. nov.

https://zoobank.org/02F37BE0-42A2-4F4D-B908-7AF3845F0280
Figs 6–9

Type material

Holotype , ♀ [NEFU; on card], China, Hubei Province, Suizhou City, Daguisi National Forest Park, 12. VI. 2012, Guo-Hao Zu and Jiang Liu, by sweeping. Paratypes: 1♀ [on slide], same data as holotype.

Diagnosis

Head and mesosoma black. Vertex with scattered pits. Antennal scrobes smooth. Antenna yellowish-white with F3 dark brown, clava dark brown with apex yellowish-white. Female funicle 3-segmented, clava 4-segmented. Legs yellowish-white with procoxa and profemur dark brown. Face with raised reticulation. Metasoma dark brown. Mesoscutum strongly reticulate with large meshes. Sublateral grooves on mesoscutellum converging and meeting posteriorly. Propodeum with a raised triangular cup-shaped area anteromedially, median carina split and diverging posteriorly.

Description

Female. Length 2.4 mm, fore wing length 1.7 mm. Head and mesosoma black. Eyes gray. Ocelli pale yellow. Antenna yellowish-white with F3 dark brown, clava dark brown with apex yellowish-white. Mandibles dark brown. Petiole black. Metasoma dark brown. Legs yellowish-white with procoxa and profemur dark brown. Wings hyaline with veins brown.

Head (Fig. 8) 1.5× as wide as high in frontal view and about 2.3× as wide as long in dorsal view. Face with raised reticulation. Antennal scrobes smooth, reaching anterior ocellus. Vertex with scattered pits. Occiput with raised reticulation, occipital carina present. POL 2.3× OOL. Eyes bare. Malar sulcus present, malar space 0.41× eye height. Antenna (Fig. 7) with scape slender and cylindrical, 6.5× as long as wide; pedicel 1.8× as long as wide, and scape 3.7× as long as pedicel; funicle 3-segmented, F1 2.7× as long as wide and 1.7× as long as pedicel, F2 1.7× as long as wide, F3 1.3× as long as wide; clava 4-segmented, 3.0× as long as wide. Relative measurements (length: width): scape = 59: 9; pedicel = 16: 9; F1 = 27: 10; F2 = 20: 12; F3 = 18: 14; clava = 42: 14.

Mesosoma (Fig. 6) 1.4× as long as wide. Pronotum rectangular with raised reticulation, covered with numerous setae, without transverse carina along anterior margin of pronotal collar. Mesoscutum strongly reticulate with large meshes. Axillae advanced anteriorly with faint reticulation. Mesoscutellum weakly reticulate, meshes of reticulation smaller and shallower than meshes on mesoscutum, with 2 pairs of long setae; sublateral grooves meeting posteriorly. Propodeum smooth; anteromedially with a raised triangular cup-shaped area; median carina split and diverging posteriorly; spiracles separated from metanotum by a distance shorter than their own diameter.

Wings. Fore wing (Fig. 9) 2.4× as long as wide. SMV with 7 setae on dorsal surface. Cubital vein straight at base. Speculum small, closed posteriorly. Relative measurements (length): SMV = 29; MV = 32; PMV = 12; STV = 10.

Metasoma (Figs 6, 7) almost as long as mesosoma. Petiole rugose, wider than long in dorsal view. Metasoma rounded, as long as wide; first tergite 0.4× as long as length of metasoma. Ovipositor exserted beyond apex of metasoma.

Figure 6–9. 

Deutereulophus daguisiensis sp. nov., female, holotype 6 habitus in dorsal view 7 habitus in lateral view 8 head in frontal view 9 fore wing. Scale bars: 100 μm.

Male. Unknown.

Host

Unknown.

Distribution

China (Hubei).

Etymology

Named after the type locality, the Daguisi National Forest Park in Hubei Province.

Remarks

The new species is similar to D. malabarensis Narendran, but can be separated from it by the following combination of characters: antenna yellowish-white with F3 dark brown, clava dark brown with apex yellowish-white (antenna dark brown except pale scape in malabarensis); sublateral grooves on mesoscutellum converging and meeting posteriorly (not meeting posteriorly in malabarensis); propodeum with a raised triangular cup-shaped area anteromedially (without a raised triangular cup-shaped area in malabarensis).

Acknowledgements

We thank the three reviewers and the subject editor for providing valuable comments on earlier drafts of this manuscript. We are grateful to Dr Guo-Hao Zu, Mr Jiang Liu and Miss Shu-Chen Deng for specimen collection.

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