Andixius nupta Emeljanov & Hayashi, 2007, original designation.

The distinctive characters proposed by Zhi et al. (2018) are modified as follows: head including eyes distinctly narrower than pronotum. Lateral carinae of frons and postclypeus foliate. Rostrum long, extended considerably beyond hind coxae. Forewings without trifid branching of ScP+R and MP near basal cell, ScP+R (ScP+RA and RP) forming a short common stalk. Legs simple, fore coxae without angular apical lobe, hind tibia with several small lateral spines.

China (Guangdong, Guangxi, Taiwan, Xizang, Yunnan), Japan (Ryukyu Islands).

Holotype : ♂, China: Xizang Province, Medog County, Beibeng Town (29.2483°N, 95.1819°E), 15 August 2020, Yongjin Sui leg.; Paratypes: ♂, same data as holotype.

Body length: male 6.65–7.00 mm (n = 2).

Coloration. General color light yellowish brown (Figs 1A, B, 2A, B). Eyes black-brown, ocelli faint yellowish brown, semitranslucent. Lateral margin of frons yellowish brown, behind eyes with two brown spots. Antenna, vertex, face, and rostrum generally yellowish brown. Pronotum and mesonotum yellowish brown. Forewing semitranslucent, with veins and stigma yellowish brown, tubercles black-brown; costal vein, slightly in front of and behind stigma and near claval fork with an irregular puce spot. Hind tibiae yellowish brown. Ventral abdomen brown.

Figure 1. 

New species of Andixius A, B A. flagellihamus sp. nov., male A dorsal view B lateral view C, D A. gracilispinus sp. nov., male C dorsal view D lateral view E, F A. productus sp. nov., male E dorsal view F lateral view G, H A. truncatus sp. nov., male G dorsal view H lateral view. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.

Figure 2. 

Andixius flagellihamus sp. nov., male A head and thorax, dorsal view B face, ventral view C forewing. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B); 1.0 mm (C).

Head and thorax. Vertex (Figs 1A, 2A) 1.14 times longer than wide; anterior and posterior margin slightly recessed, lateral carinae developed, median carina absent. Frons (Fig. 2B) claviform, 2.58 times as long as wide. Pronotum (Figs 1A, 2A) as long as vertex. Mesonotum 1.40 times longer than pronotum and vertex combined, lateral carinae curved outwards. Forewing (Figs 1B, 2C) 2.28 times longer than wide, with 12 apical cells and six subapical cells; RP 3 branches, MP with five terminals: MP₁₁, MP₁₂, MP₂, MP₃, and MP₄, fork MP₁+MP₂ basad of fork MP₃+MP₄. Hind tibia with three lateral spines; chaetotaxy of hind tarsi 6/7.

Male genitalia. Pygofer (Fig. 3A, C) symmetrical. Medioventral process rounded protruding in ventral view. Anal segment (Fig. 3A, D) asymmetrical, apical margin expanded downwards in lateral view; 2.28 times longer than wide in dorsal view; anal style strap-shaped, not beyond anal segment. Gonostyli (Fig. 3B, C) symmetrical ventrally; in inner lateral view, base slender, apex enlarged. Aedeagus (Fig. 3E–H) with five processes. In left side view, basal ventral margin of periandrium protruding; in right side view, base of periandrium with a U-shaped spinose process, directed cephalad; in ventral view, near base of periandrium with a long spinose process, apex curved upwards, forming a hooked process, directed cephalad. Endosoma somewhat long, apex with a hooked spinose process.

Figure 3. 

Andixius flagellihamus sp. nov., male A genitalia, lateral view B gonostyli, lateral view C pygofer and gonostyli, ventral view D anal segment, dorsal view E aedeagus, right side F aedeagus, left side G aedeagus, dorsal view H aedeagus, ventral view. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.

China (Xizang) (Fig. 12).

The specific name is derived from the Latin adjective flagellihamus, referring to the 1-hooked spinose process arising from the apex of the endosoma.

This species can be distinguished from the other species of the genus by the following characters: basal right side of periandrium with a U-shaped spinose process; basal ventral margin of periandrium with a long spinose process, apex curved upwards, forming a hooked process; apex of endosoma with a hooked spinose process.

Holotype : ♂, China: Xizang Province, Bomê County, Yigong Town, Tongmai Village (30.1071°N, 95.0867°E), 18–20 August 2020, Yongjin Sui leg.; Paratypes: ♂, same data as holotype.

Body length: male 5.63–5.82 mm (n = 2).

Coloration. General color yellowish brown (Figs 1C, D, 4A, B). Eyes black-brown, ocelli faint light yellowish brown, semitranslucent. Lateral margin of frons yellowish brown, behind eyes with an off-white spot. Antenna and vertex yellowish brown. Face and rostrum dark fawn. Pronotum and mesonotum black. Forewing semitranslucent, with veins, stigma, and tubercles black-brown; basal and middle part of forewings with an inner oblique stripe; base and lateral margin black-brown; in front of fork CuA₁+CuA₂ with a pale spot; costal vein with three small, spaced, dark brown spots; behind stigma and near claval fork with an irregular puce spot; apical half of wing with brown patches. Hind tibiae light brown. Ventral abdomen brown.

Head and thorax. Vertex (Figs 1C, 4A) 1.37 times longer than wide; anterior margin slightly curved, recessed; posterior margin V-shaped, recessed; lateral carinae developed; median carina absent. Frons (Fig. 4 B) claviform, 2.85 times as long as wide. Pronotum (Figs 1C, 4A) slightly shorter than vertex. Mesonotum 1.34 times longer than pronotum and vertex combined, lateral carinae curved outwards. Forewing (Figs 1D, 4C) 2.57 times longer than wide, with 11 apical cells and six subapical cells; RP 3 branches, MP with five terminals: MP₁₁, MP₁₂, MP₂, MP₃, and MP₄, fork MP₁+MP₂ basad of fork MP₃+MP₄. Hind tibia with five lateral spines; chaetotaxy of hind tarsi 6/6.

Figure 4. 

Andixius gracilispinus sp. nov., male A head and thorax, dorsal view B face, ventral view C forewing. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B); 1.0 mm (C).

Male genitalia. Pygofer (Fig. 5A, C) symmetrical. Medioventral process rounded protruding in ventral view. Anal segment (Fig. 5A, D) asymmetrical, left lobe larger than right lobe, dorsal margin almost straight, apical margin slightly expanded downwards in lateral view; 2.44 times longer than wide in dorsal view; anal style strap-shaped, not beyond anal segment. Gonostyli (Fig. 5B, C) ventrally symmetrical; in inner lateral view, middle part slender but base and apex enlarged. Aedeagus (Fig. 5E–H) with three processes. In left side view, basal ventral margin of periandrium with a triangular laminal process, of which middle right side concaved heavily, forming two large processes, one directed cephalad, another directed caudad, basal dorsal margin of periandrium with a laminal process, of which near apex of dorsal margin recessed, apex convex, left side of margin dentate; in right side view, apical ventral margin of periandrium projecting, near apex with a long spinose process, curved upwards, directed dorsocephalad; in dorsal view, laminal process grooved, arising at left side of basal dorsal margin of periandrium, left side convex, apical right side rolling, middle part concave in a right angle, apex of periandrium with a long spinose process, slightly curved, directed cephalad; in ventral view, near apex of grooved laminal process with a long spinose process, slightly curved, directed cephalad. Endosoma slightly sclerotized, without process.

Figure 5. 

Andixius gracilispinus sp. nov., male A genitalia, lateral view B gonostyli, lateral view C pygofer and gonostyli, ventral view D anal segment, dorsal view E aedeagus, right side F aedeagus, left side G aedeagus, dorsal view H aedeagus, ventral view. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.

China (Xizang) (Fig. 12).

The specific name is derived from the Latin adjective gracilispinus, referring to the one long spinose process arising from the apical right side of the ventral margin of the periandrium.

Male genitalia of A. gracilispinus sp. nov. are similar to A. venustus Tsaur & Hsu, 1991 in appearance, but differs in: (1) basal left side of ventral margin of periandrium with a triangular laminal process, of which middle right side concaved heavily, forming two large processes (A. venustus with a spinose process in the same position); (2) near apical right side of ventral margin of periandrium with a long spinose process, slightly curved (right side of ventral margin of periandrium without spinose process in A. venustus); (3) basal dorsal margin of periandrium with a grooved laminal process (without process in A. venustus).

Holotype : ♂, China: Xizang Province, Medog County, Damu Town, 80K (29.6237°N, 95.4888°E), 18 August 2020, Yongjin Sui leg.; Paratypes: 6♂♂ 2♀♀, same data as holotype.

Body length: male 5.71–6.90 mm (n = 7), female 7.78–7.90 mm (n = 2).

Coloration. General color black-brown (Figs 1E, F, 6A, B). Eyes black-brown, ocelli faint yellowish brown, semitranslucent. Lateral margin of frons yellowish brown, behind eyes with an off-white spot. Antenna and vertex black-brown. Face and rostrum dark fawn. Pronotum and mesonotum black-brown. Forewing semitranslucent, generally black-brown, veins and stigma yellowish brown, tubercles black-brown; costal vein, in the middle of, behind and near claval fork with deep-brown spots. Hind tibiae light brown. Ventral abdomen brown.

Figure 6. 

Andixius productus sp. nov., male A head and thorax, dorsal view B face, ventral view C forewing. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B); 1.0 mm (C).

Head and thorax. Vertex (Figs 1E, 6A) 1.65 times longer than wide; anterior margin slightly curved, recessed; posterior margin V-shaped, recessed; lateral carinae developed; median carina absent. Frons (Fig. 6B) claviform, 2.90 times as long as wide. Pronotum (Figs 1E, 6A) as long as vertex. Mesonotum 1.21 times longer than pronotum and vertex combined, lateral carinae curved outwards. Forewing (Figs 1F, 6C) 2.49 times longer than wide, with 13 apical cells and seven subapical cells; RP 3 branches, MP with five terminals: MP₁₁, MP₁₂, MP₂, MP₃, and MP₄, fork MP₁+MP₂ basad of fork MP₃+MP₄. Hind tibia with five lateral spines; chaetotaxy of hind tarsi 6/5.

Male genitalia. Pygofer (Fig. 7A, C) symmetrical. Medioventral process rounded protruding in ventral view. Anal segment (Fig. 7A, D) long, tubular, with dorsal margin almost straight and apical margin slightly expanded downwards in lateral view; 2.67 times longer than wide in dorsal view; anal style strap-shaped, not beyond anal segment. Gonostyli (Fig. 7B, C) symmetrical ventrally, inner margin with a small spinose process near base, apex enlarged; in lateral view, near apex bending upwards. Aedeagus (Fig. 7E–H) with seven processes. In left side view, periandrium with an expanded laminal process around the left side and dorsal margin of periandrium; ventral margin of the expanded structure with two spinose processes, upper one slender, slightly curved, directed ventrocephalad, lower one small, directed ventrad; in right side view, apical ventral margin of periandrium projecting, the process expanded downwards, apex bifurcated, forming two spinose processes, the dorsal one long, another short, directed cephalad, the right side of the process with a long spinose process, bending around the periandrium, directed left-dorsocephalad, apical dorsal margin of periandrium with a long spinose process, near apex slightly curved upwards, directed dorsocephalad; in dorsal view, laminal process covering dorsal margin, middle part of periandrium with a thick, long spinose process, slightly curved, directed cephalad. Endosoma short, slightly sclerotized, without process.

Figure 7. 

Andixius productus sp. nov., male A genitalia, lateral view B gonostyli, lateral view C pygofer and gonostyli, ventral view D anal segment, dorsal view E aedeagus, right side F aedeagus, left side G aedeagus, dorsal view H aedeagus, ventral view. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.

Female genitalia. Tergite IX (Fig. 8A, B, D) moderately sclerotized, with a large nearly elliptical wax plate. Anal segment (Fig. 8C) rectangular, 2.43 times longer than wide in dorsal view, anal style linguiform. Gonapophysis IX (Fig. 8F) with one middle tooth; distance ratio between middle tooth to apex and length of denticulate portion is 1.98. Gonoplac (Fig. 8G) rod-like, 4.44 times longer than wide in lateral view. Posterior vagina pattern as shown in Fig. 8H.

Figure 8. 

Andixius productus sp. nov., female A genitalia, lateral view B genitalia, ventral view C anal segment, dorsal view D tergite IX, caudal view E gonapophysis VIII and gonocoxa VIII, dorsal view F gonapophysis IX, lateral view G gonoplac, inner lateral view H posterior vagina, ventral view. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.

China (Xizang) (Fig. 12).

The specific name is derived from the Latin adjective productus, referring to the one long spinose process arising from the apical ventral margin of the periandrium.

Male genitalia of A. productus sp. nov. are similar to A. trifurcus Zhi & Chen, 2018, but differs in: (1) periandrium with an expanded laminal process around the left side and dorsal margin of periandrium (laminal process around the left side, dorsal margin and ventral margin in A. trifurcus); (2) basal ventral margin of periandrium with laminal process, of which ventral margin with two processes (A. trifurcus with three long spinose processes in the same position); (3) right side of ventral margin of periandrium with three spinose processes (right side of middle part of periandrium with a spinose process in A. trifurcus); (4) middle part of periandrium with a thick and long spinose process (without process in A. trifurcus).

Holotype : ♂, China: Guangxi Province, Longsheng County, Huaping National Natural Reserve (25.6046°N, 109.9417°E), 18 July 2020, Xiaoya Wang, Yongjin Sui, Zhicheng Zhou and Jing Wang leg.; Paratypes: 9♂♂ 5♀♀, same data as holotype.

Body length: male 6.56–7.20 mm (n = 10), female 7.25–8.86 mm (n = 5).

Coloration. General color black-brown (Figs 1G, H, 9A, B). Eyes yellowish brown, ocelli faintly yellow, semitranslucent. Lateral margin of frons yellowish white, behind eyes with two brown spots. Antenna, vertex, face, and rostrum fawn. Pronotum fawn. Mesonotum yellowish brown. Forewing semitranslucent, generally black-brown; stigma fawn; veins and tubercles the same color as the wing surface; slightly below stigma and near claval fork with an irregular, yellowish-white spot; apical half of wing light brown. Hind tibiae yellowish brown. Ventral abdomen yellowish brown.

Figure 9. 

Andixius truncatus sp. nov., male A head and thorax, dorsal view B face, ventral view C forewing. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B); 1.0 mm (C).

Head and thorax. Vertex (Figs 1G, 9A) 2.76 times longer than wide; anterior margin slightly curved recessed, posterior margin U-shaped, recessed; lateral carinae developed; median carina absent. Frons (Fig. 9B) claviform, 3.00 times as long as wide. Pronotum (Figs 1G, 9A) slightly shorter than vertex. Mesonotum 1.08 times slightly longer than pronotum and vertex combined, lateral carinae curved outwards. Forewing (Figs 1H, 9C) 2.74 times longer than wide, with 12 apical cells and seven subapical cells; RP 3 branches, MP with five terminals: MP₁₁, MP₁₂, MP₂, MP₃, and MP₄, fork MP₁+MP₂ basad of fork MP₃+MP₄. Hind tibia with four lateral spines; chaetotaxy of hind tarsi 8/8.

Male genitalia. Pygofer (Fig. 10A, C) symmetrical. Medioventral process rounded protruding in ventral view. Anal segment (Fig. 10A, D) tubular, dorsal margin almost straight, ventral margin slightly curved, right lobe larger than left lobe in lateral view; 1.81 times longer than wide in dorsal view; anal style strap-shaped, not beyond anal segment. Gonostyli (Fig. 10B, C) symmetrical ventrally, inner margin with a small process near base; in lateral view, apex enlarged and foot-shaped. Aedeagus (Fig. 10E–H) with three processes. In left side view, apex of periandrium with laminal process, apex rounded; in right side view, ventral margin of periandrium with a long, broad laminal process, apex truncated, margin with small teeth, directed cephalad, with endosoma curving ventrally at a right angle; in dorsal view, base of endosoma with a long spinose process, slightly curved, directed dorsocephalad.

Figure 10. 

Andixius truncatus sp. nov., male A genitalia, lateral view B gonostyli, lateral view C pygofer and gonostyli, ventral view D anal segment, dorsal view E aedeagus, right side F aedeagus, left side G aedeagus, dorsal view H aedeagus, ventral view. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.

Female genitalia. Tergite IX (Fig. 11A, B, D) moderately sclerotized, with a large, nearly circular wax plate. Anal segment (Fig. 11C) rectangular, 1.60 times longer than wide in dorsal view, anal style linguiform. Gonapophysis IX (Fig. 11F) with one middle tooth; distance ratio between middle tooth to apex and length of denticulate portion is 2.70. Gonoplac (Fig. 11G) rod-like, 4.3 times longer than wide in lateral view. Posterior vagina pattern as shown in Fig. 11H.

Figure 11. 

Andixius truncatus sp. nov., female A genitalia, lateral view B genitalia, ventral view C anal segment, dorsal view D tergite IX, caudal view E gonapophysis VIII and gonocoxa VIII, dorsal view F gonapophysis IX, lateral view G gonoplac, inner lateral view H posterior vagina, ventral view. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.

China (Guangxi) (Fig. 12).

Figure 12. 

Geographic distribution of Andixius species.

The specific name is derived from the Latin adjective truncatus, referring to the ventral margin of periandrium with a long, broad laminal process having a truncated apex.

This species can be distinguished from the other Andixius species by the following characters: forewing general black-brown, with an irregular yellowish-white spot slightly below stigma and near claval fork; ventral margin of periandrium with a long and broad laminal process, apex truncated, margin with small teeth; endosoma curving ventrally in right angle, base of dorsal margin with a long spinose process.