Research Article |
Corresponding author: Xiang Xu ( xux@hunnu.edu.cn ) Academic editor: Yuri Marusik
© 2016 Zhuoer Chen, Haiqiang Yin, Xiang Xu.
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Citation:
Chen Z, Yin H, Xu X (2016) First description of the male of Draconarius jiangyongensis (Peng et al., 1996) (Araneae, Agelenidae). ZooKeys 601: 41-48. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.601.8349
|
The male of Draconarius jiangyongensis (Peng, Gong & Kim, 1996) is described for the first time from Xinning County, Hunan Province, China. Morphological descriptions and illustrations of both sexes of this species are given in this study. The placement of this species in Draconarius is doubted.
China, Hunan, spider, Coelotinae , Coelotes , Langshan Mountain
The spider genus Draconarius Ovtchinnikov, 1999 is distributed in Central and East Asia and has a high level of species diversity with 244 species described to date (
Draconarius jiangyongensis (Peng, Gong & Kim, 1996) was first described as a member of the genus Coelotes Blackwall, 1840 based on six female specimens from Jiangyong County, Hunan Province, China (
During the expedition to Langshan National Geopark in November of 2014, ten females and eleven males were identified to be D. jiangyongensis based on comparison with the type specimens. The female is redescribed here and the male is described for the first time in the present study.
Specimens were examined with an Olympus SZX16 stereomicroscope and an Olympus BX53 compound microscope. Photos were taken with a Canon PowerShot G12 digital camera mounted on an Olympus BX53 compound microscope. Both the male palp and the female epigyne were examined and illustrated after being dissected from the spider bodies. All specimens examined in this study are deposited in the College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University (
All measurements are given in millimeters. Eye diameters are taken at the widest point. Leg measurements are given as: total length (femur, patella + tibia, metatarsus, tarsus). Abbreviations used in the text are as follows:
AME anterior median eyes
ALE anterior lateral eyes
MOA median ocular area
PME posterior median eyes
PLE posterior lateral eyes
Coelotes
jiangyongensis
Draconarius
jiangyongensis
:
Holotype, 1♀ (
Hunan Province, Xining County, Langshan National Geopark: 2♀ (
Female of D. jiangyongensis can be distinguished from other Draconarius by the presence of a vase-shaped septum of epigyne (Figs
Draconarius jiangyongensis. A–D: A Male left palp, prolateral view B Ditto, ventral view C Ditto, retrolateral view D Conductor (after maceration), retrolateral view E, F Female: E Epigyne, ventral view F Vulva, dorsal view. Abbreviations: A — atrium; C — conductor; CD — copulatory duct; CDA — dorsal conductor apophysis; CF — cymbial furrow; E — embolus; ET — epigynal teeth; FD — fertilization duct; LTA — lateral tibial apophysis; MA — median apophysis; PA — patellar apophysis; RTA — retroventral tibial apophysis; SE — septum; S — spermathecae. Scales: A–C = 0.5 mm; D–F = 0.2 mm.
Male. Total length 8.7. Carapace 4.1 long, 3.1 wide; opisthosoma 4.5 long, 2.9 wide. Clypeus height 0.15. Cephalic part much elevated from the thoracic region. Cervical and radial grooves greyish-black (Fig.
Male palp (Figs
Female. Total length 8.60. Carapace 4.0 long, 2.9 wide; opisthosoma 4.6 long, 3.1 wide. Clypeus height 0.14. Eye sizes and interdistances: ALE 0.2, AME 0.22, PLE 0.18, PME 0.18; ALE-AME 0.04, AME-AME 0.08, PLE-PME 0.10, PME-PME 0.20; MOA 0.52 long, anterior width 0.58, posterior width 0.66. Labium greyish brown, 0.60 long, 0.50 wide. Sternum brown, slightly longer than wide (2.10 long, 1.80 wide). Leg measurements: I 14.3 (3.8, 5.0, 3.5, 2.0), II 12.2 (3.5, 4.2, 3.0, 1.5), III 10.8 (3.0, 3.6, 2.9, 1.3), IV 14.1 (4.0, 4.8, 3.5, 1.8). Promarginal and retromarginal teeth of chelicera and the dorsal pattern of opisthosoma are the same as male (Fig.
Epigyne (Figs
The Draconarius and Coelotes are two most species-rich genera in the Coelotinae, with 244 and 183 species described to date, respectively. Most of those species were described based on only the male or female. As a result, some might be incorrectly placed. This species described here is more likely to be a member of the genus Coelotes than Draconarius based on the following combination of characters: the large epigynal teeth, the atrium (atrium divided into two parts by septum) and short copulatory ducts in the female; the large patellar apophysis, the short and prolaterally originating embolus and the short cymbial furrow (less than 1/3 length of the cymbium) in the male. It differs from Coelotes atropos (Walckenaer, 1830) by the presence of septum. It also differs from the type species and many other species of Draconarius (for example, D. guizhouensis (Peng, Li & Huang, 2002), D. latellai Marusik & Ballarin, 2011 and so on) by the number of cheliceral teeth (this species with three promarginal and four retromarginal teeth while the type species and many other species of Draconarius have three promarginal and two retromarginal teeth.)
We are very grateful to Cheng Wang, Bing Zhou, Jiahui Gan and Yuhui Gong for collecting the specimens. We thank Xinping Wang (University of Florida, USA), Yuri M. Marusik (Institute for Biological Problems of the North RAS, Russia) and Francesco Ballarin (Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China) for their comments on the manuscript. We also thank Darrell Ubick (California Academy of Sciences, USA) for his kind help in improving in the use of English in the final draft of the manuscript. Furthermore, we thank Jianxin Zhou (Langshan National Park Administration, China) and Nengzheng Jiang (Hunan Langshan Shengyuan Tourism Culture Development Co., Ltd, China) for their supporting during our expedition to Langshan National Geopark. This study was supported by the National Natural Sciences Foundation of China (NSFC-31471963/31372160/31272272/31272271), Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University (NCET-12-0717), Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (11JJ1004, 12JJ3028), the National Undergraduate Innovation Experimental Project of China (No. 201510542010), the Scientific Research Fund of Hunan Provincial Education Department (14C0696) and by the Hunan Provincial Construct Program of the Key Discipline in Ecology (0713).