Holotype ♂, China: Yunnan Province, Yuxi City, Ailaoshan National Natural Reserve, 2400 m above sea level, 08.viii.2015, collected by Yun-Fei Wu and Jia-Jia Wang (SUHC).

Body color (Figs 1–3). Dorsum yellowish to brown. Head (Fig. 1) yellowish, frontal margin of central part pale brown; face (Fig. 3) evenly yellowish except postclypeus with large pale brown spot centrally and anteclypeus brown to black; eyes brown with reddish tinge. Pronotum (Fig. 1) yellowish adjacent to eyes, other parts dark brown, posterior margin nearly black. Mesonotum (Fig. 1) yellow-brown, basal triangles dark brown, striations, and punctures on surface darker brown. Forewings (Figs 1, 2) pale brown, veins darker brown. Legs yellowish with brown markings.

Body morphology (Figs 1–3). Head including eyes (Fig. 1) narrower than pronotum, crown short, parallel sided. Face across eyes (Fig. 3) wider than long, surface with clear punctures and stripes, distance between ocelli nearly 8.2 × that from ocellus to adjacent eye. Pronotum (Fig. 1) broad, 2.5 × wider than long, with almost transverse striations, anterior margin convex and posterior margin concave at midlength. Mesonotum (Fig. 1) ~ 1.5 × longer than pronotum. Forewing (Fig. 1) with veins prominent.

Figures 1–11. 

Pediopsoides (Pediopsoides) ailaoshanensis Li & Dai, sp. nov. 1 male habitus, dorsal view 2 male habitus, lateral view 3 face 4 male pygofer and subgenital plate, lateral view 5 pygofer inner ventral distal margins in direction of arrow in Fig. 4, ventral view 6 dorsal connective and 10^th tergite, lateral view 7 style, lateral view 8 connective, dorsal view 9 connective, lateral view 10 aedeagus, lateral view 11 aedeagus, ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm (1, 2); 0.5 mm (3).

Male genitalia (Figs 4–11). Pygofer side (Fig. 4) broad basally, lobe stout with truncated caudal margin, ventral margin with a few scattered setae, distal half with four or five small teeth (Fig. 5). Subgenital plate (Fig. 4) slender, shorter than ventral margin of pygofer, surface with fine setae. Dorsal connective (Fig. 6) strongly developed, S-shaped, with median long slender process directly mesally from ventral margin, apical half strongly curved ventrally and twisted. Style (Fig. 7) angled at basal 2/5. Connective (Figs 8, 9) with anterior margin wider than posterior margin, and both lateral arms twisted dorsally. Aedeagus (Figs 10, 11) broad basally, tapered to acute apex, shaft almost straight in lateral view, with pair of spine-like processes from lateral margins at midlength, dorsal apodeme developed but short, preatrium broad, gonopore subapical to apical on ventral surface.

Body length (including tegmen): 5.1 mm.

China (Yunnan Province).

The specific epithet refers to the type locality of the new species, Ailaoshan National Natural Reserve (Yunnan Province), combined with the Latin adjectival suffix -ensis, meaning from a place.

The body appearance and color pattern of the new species is similar to several other congeners especially P. (P.) pianmaensis and P. (P.) flavus, but it can be distinguished by the combined features of the darker brown forewing venation, the aedeagal shaft with pair of spine-like processes, and the different shape of the dorsal connective.

From original figures (see Remarks). Holotype ♂, China: Taiwan, Taichung, Anmashan, 08.viii.1987, collected by C. T. Yang; Paratype: 1 ♀, same data as holotype except 05.viii.1987 (both National Museum of Natural Science, Taichung, Taiwan).

See description by Huang and Viraktamath (1993) of P. (P.) femorata.

China (Taiwan).

The specific epithet is in honor of Dr. Kun-Wei Huang, one of the authors who originally described the species.

This species was misidentified and described as P. (P.) femorata Hamilton by Huang and Viraktamath (1993). Later it was renamed as P. (P.) huangi by Dai et al. (2018) (see Li et al. 2023) but as these authors had not indicated that it was a new species nor designated a holotype, their name had remained unavailable, and their new species was not valid. Here, we correct these omissions (see above). However unaccountably, images supposedly of the specimens described by Huang & Viraktamath, 1993, sent to the first author by Dr. Huang some years ago, do not match the habitus figures given by these authors. The latter figures show a weakly produced head compared to a greatly produced head in the received images. Unfortunately, enquiries made at the type depository (see above) indicated only an empty box was present containing a note saying that specimens had been removed for imaging. Therefore, for the present, identity of the species rests with figures of the male genitalia, reproduced here from the original (Figs 54–60).

Holotype ♂, China: Guangxi Autonomous Region, Guilin City, Maoershan National Natural Reserve, 19.vii.2015, collected by Yun-Fei Wu; Paratype 1 ♂, same data as the holotype (both SUHC).

Figures 12–22. 

Pediopsoides (Pediopsoides) maoershanensis Li & Dai, sp. nov. 12 male habitus, dorsal view 13 male habitus, lateral view 14 face 15 male pygofer and subgenital plate, lateral view 16 pygofer inner ventral distal margins in direction of arrow in Fig. 15, ventral view 17 dorsal connective, lateral view 18 style, lateral view 19 connective, dorsal view 20 connective, lateral view 21 aedeagus, lateral view 22 aedeagus, ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm (12, 13); 0.5 mm (14).

Body color (Figs 12–14). Ground color yellowish to dark brown with striations and punctures on surfaces of head, face, pronotum, and mesonotum pale brown. Head (Fig. 12) yellowish, anterior margin of central part weakly brown; face (Fig. 14) evenly yellowish except postclypeus with large slight brown spot centrally and anteclypeus brown to black apically; eyes brown with reddish tinge. Pronotum (Fig. 12) yellowish brown adjacent to eyes, other parts dark brown. Mesonotum (Fig. 12) yellow brown, basal triangles dark brown. Forewings (Figs 12, 13) dark brown with venation concolorous. Legs yellowish grey.

Body morphology (Figs 12–14). Head including eyes (Fig. 12) narrower than pronotum, crown shorter near eyes. Face including eyes (Fig. 14) wider than long, with clear punctures and striations, postclypeus (Fig. 14) with weak longitudinal carina; distance between ocelli nearly 7.5 × that from ocellus to adjacent eye; pronotum (Fig. 12) 2.9 × broader than long, with weak transverse striations, mesonotum (Fig. 12) about 1.6 × as long as pronotum.

Male genitalia (Figs 15–22). Pygofer side (Fig. 15) broad basally, relatively narrow, and prolonged caudally, ventral margin with scattered marginal setae, caudal half produced into a prominent but short spine-like process preceded by three or four spines (Fig. 16). Subgenital plate (Fig. 15) slender, slightly shorter than ventral margin of pygofer, with fine setae. Dorsal connective (Fig. 17), stout, S-shaped, axe-like, apical half wide with distinct serrated margins. Style (Fig. 18) angled at basal 1/3, stem gradually widened to apex. Connective (Figs 19, 20), anterior margin wider than posterior margin, both lateral arms twisted dorsally. Aedeagus (Figs 21, 22) simple, broad basally, bent dorsally, and gradually tapered to acute apex in lateral view, shaft of uniform width, with rounded apex in ventral view, gonopore near apex on ventral surface.

Body length (including tegmen): 4.5–4.6 mm.

China (Guangxi Autonomous Region).

The specific epithet refers to the type locality of the new species, Maoershan National Natural Reserve, combined with the Latin adjectival suffix -ensis, meaning from a place.

This new species is similar to P. (P.) bispinatus in appearance and coloration, and somewhat similar to P. (P.) ailaoshanensis, but can be distinguished from all members of the subgenus by the following combination of features: aedeagus simple, bent dorsally and gradually tapered to acute apex without processes; dorsal connective strongly developed, axe-like, with apical half with serrated margins. It can also be distinguished by the shape of the pygofer and pygofer processes.

Holotype ♂, China: Yunnan Province, Diqing Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Shangri-La, 08.viii.2012, collected by Zhi-Hua Fan (GUGC).

Body color (Figs 23–25). Dorsum yellowish brown. Head (Fig. 23) yellowish with intense brown maculae; face (Fig. 23) yellowish, punctures on surface brown, postclypeus with pair of slight brown spots, below ocelli with paired spots also, eyes dark brown with reddish tinge. Pronotum (Fig. 23) yellowish brown with darker striations and punctures. Mesonotum (Fig. 23) yellow-brown with darker punctures. Forewing (Figs 23, 24) yellowish brown, several cross veins black. Legs yellow-brown with darker markings.

Figures 23–33. 

Pediopsoides (Pediopsoides) quadrispinosus Li & Dai, sp. nov. 23 male habitus, dorsal view 24 male habitus, lateral view 25 face 26 male pygofer and subgenital plate, lateral view 27 pygofer inner ventral distal margins in direction of arrow in Fig. 26, ventral view 28 dorsal connective, lateral view 29 style, lateral view 30 connective, dorsal view 31 connective, lateral view 32 aedeagus, lateral view 33 aedeagus, ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm (23, 24); 0.5 mm (25).

Body form (Figs 23–25). Head including eyes (Fig. 23) almost as wide as pronotum, crown short and nearly parallel-sided, vertex clearly projecting forward angularly. Face (Fig. 25) slightly depressed in central part in lateral aspect (Fig. 24), face including eyes wider than long, surface with clear intense punctations and striae, postclypeus with distinct longitudinal carina, distance between ocelli nearly 4.3 × that from ocellus to adjacent eye. Pronotum (Fig. 23) broad, 2.3 × wider than long, with weak longitudinal carina at midlength, obliquely striated, anterior margin strongly produced forward, and posterior margin concave at midlength. Mesonotum (Fig. 23) nearly 1.2 × as long as pronotum. Forewing (Figs 23, 24) with veins prominent.

Figures 34–43. 

Pediopsoides (Pediopsoides) flavus Li & Dai, sp. nov. 34 male habitus, dorsal view 35 male habitus, lateral view 36 face 37 male pygofer and subgenital plate, lateral view 38 pygofer inner ventral distal margins in direction of arrow in Fig. 37, ventral view 39 dorsal connective, lateral view 40 style, lateral view 41 connective, dorsal view 42 aedeagus, lateral view 43 apical half of aedeagus, ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm (34, 35); 0.5 mm (36).

Male genitalia (Figs 26–33). Pygofer side (Fig. 26) broad basally, lobe caudally truncate with dorsal and ventral margin nearly straight, apical half distinctly serrated. Subgenital plate (Fig. 26) slender, shorter than ventral margin of pygofer, surface with fine setae. Dorsal connective (Fig. 28) S-shaped, with medial long process from its ventral margin and directed posteriorly with irregular serrated margins, apex bifurcated. Style (Fig. 29) angled at basal 2/5, stem parallel-margined. Connective (Figs 30, 31), anterior margin wider than posterior margin, both lateral arms prolonged, and twisted dorsally. Aedeagus (Figs 32, 33) broad basally, shaft slender, with lateral margins sinuated in ventral view, apex with pair of short acute processes on each side of gonopore.

Body length (including tegmen): 4.4 mm.

China (Yunnan Province).

The specific epithet, quadrispinosus, is derived from the Latin words quadri- and spinosus, referring to the aedeagal shaft with four apical spines.

The new species is similar to P. (P.) jingdongensis in having the same yellowish brown body and body form and male pygofer ventral margin with distinct serrations in apical half formed by a row of numerous short regularly spaced denticles. It differs, however, from P. (P.) jingdongensis and all other congeners by its slender aedeagal shaft in lateral view with four apical spines and also by the shape of its dorsal connective.

Holotype ♂, China: Yunnan Province, Lushui City, Pianma Town, 26°0′34″N, 98°37′55″E, 1152 m above sea level, 26.v.2019, collected by Jia-Jia Wang and Chao Zhang; Paratypes: 1 ♂ 1 ♀, same data as the holotype (GUGC).

Body color (Figs 34–36). Head (Fig. 34) lemon yellow, central part slightly brownish yellow; face (Fig. 36) evenly lemon yellow except for slightly brownish yellow postclypeus, eyes black. Pronotum (Fig. 34) with yellow ground color, slightly brown to dark brown or even black around median line and posterior margin. Mesonotum (Fig. 34) yellowish brown, basal triangles black, punctations on surface dark brown, posterior submargin of mesoscutum with pair of small black spots. Forewing (Figs 34, 35) dark brown, veins concolorous. Legs evenly yellowish.

Body form (Figs 34–36). Head including eyes (Fig. 34) narrower than pronotum, crown very short, roundly projecting forward. Face (Fig. 36) including eyes slightly wider than long, postclypeus with indistinct longitudinal carina, distance between ocelli nearly 6 × that from ocellus to adjacent eye. Pronotum (Fig. 34) 2.6 × wider than long, with weak oblique striations, anterior margin projecting forward, and posterior margin clearly concave at midlength. Mesonotum (Fig. 34) nearly 1.68 × longer than pronotum. Forewing (Figs 34, 35) with veins prominent.

Male genitalia (Figs 37–43). Pygofer side (Fig. 37) broad basally, lobe with caudal margin truncate and dorsal margins straight, ventral margin with apical half margined with several minute teeth (Fig. 38) and marginal setae. Subgenital plate (Fig. 37) slender, nearly parallel sided, distinctly shorter than ventral margin of pygofer, surface with fine setae. Dorsal connective (Fig. 39) with apical process long, tapered gradually, and twisted basally with acute tip, lateral margins smooth. Style (Fig. 40) slightly angled at basal 2/5, stem slightly sinuate, and slightly broader in central part. Connective (Fig. 41) with anterior margin wider than posterior margin, both lateral arms twisted dorsally. Aedeagus (Figs 42, 43) broad basally, dorsal apodeme developed, shaft slender, bent dorsally, tapered to pointed apex and U-shaped in lateral view, in ventral aspect shaft with round apex, inflated at midlength, lateral margins with pair of small spines pointed basolaterally, gonopore apical on ventral surface.

Body length (including tegmen): 5.5–5.6 mm.

China (Yunnan Province).

The specific epithet is derived from the Latin word flavus, referring to the yellowish color of the species especially on the face.

The new species is similar to P. (P.) damingshanensis and P. (P.) ailaoshanensis but can be distinguished from them and other congeners by the following male genitalia characters: aedeagus with shaft inflated at midlength in ventral view with a pair of small spines near apex; pygofer ventral margin with apical half distinctly margined with several minute teeth; differently shaped dorsal connective.

Figures 44–53. 

Pediopsoides (Pediopsoides) pianmaensis Li & Dai, sp. nov. 44 male habitus, dorsal view 45 male habitus, lateral view 46 face 47 male pygofer and subgenital plate, lateral view 48 pygofer inner ventral distal margin in direction of arrow in Fig. 47, ventromedial view 49 dorsal connective, lateral view 50 style, lateral view 51 connective, dorsal view 52 aedeagus, lateral view 53 aedeagus, ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm (44, 45); 0.5 mm (46).

Holotype ♂, China: Yunnan Province, Lushui City, Pianma Town, 26°0′34″N, 98°37′55″E, 1152 m above sea level, 26.v.2019, collected by Jia-Jia Wang and Chao Zhang; Paratype: 1 ♂, same data as the holotype (GUGC).

Body color (Figs 44–46). Head yellowish brown; face (Fig. 46) with postclypeus with large pale brown area centrally, anteclypeus with black apical half, eyes brown to black with reddish tinge. Pronotum (Fig. 44) yellowish brown on regions near eyes and lateral margins, other parts dark brown to black. Mesonotum (Fig. 44) yellowish brown, basal triangles and two small round spots between them black, median stripe dark brown. Forewing (Figs 44, 45) brown, veins darker. Legs yellowish brown with black marks.

Body form (Figs 44–46). Head across eyes (Fig. 44) narrower than pronotum, crown short, parallel sided. Face across eyes (Fig. 46) wider than long, surface with clear punctures and striae, upper part of postclypeus with weak longitudinal carina, distance between ocelli nearly 6.2 × that from ocellus to adjacent eye. Pronotum (Fig. 44) with indistinct longitudinal carina medially, 2.9 × as wide as long, with weak oblique striations, anterior margin roundly produced in front of eyes and posterior margin concave at midlength. Mesonotum (Fig. 44) ~ 1.7 × as long as pronotum, triangular. Forewing (Figs 44, 45) with venation prominent.

Figures 54–60. 

Pediopsoides (Pediopsoides) huangi Li & Dai, sp. nov. (after Huang and Viraktamath 1993) 54 male pygofer and subgenital plate, lateral view 55 pygofer inner ventral distal margin, ventral view 56 pygofer inner ventral distal margin, ventromedial view 57 dorsal connective, lateral view 58 style, lateral view 59 aedeagus, lateral view 60 aedeagus, dorsal view.

Figures 61–82. 

Aedeagus of Pediopsoides (Pediopsoides) species, lateral (61, 63, 65, 67, 69, 71, 73, 75, 77, 79, 81) and ventral view (62, 64, 66, 68, 70, 72, 74, 76, 78, 80, 82) 61, 62 P. (P.) albus 63, 64 P. (P.) amplificatus 65, 66 P. (P.) anchorides (after Yang and Zhang 2013) 67, 68 P. (P.) bispinatus 69, 70 P. (P.) damingshanensis 71, 72 P. (P.) jingdongensis (after Zhang 2010) 73, 74 P. (P.) kodaiana (after Viraktamath 1996) 75, 76 P. (P.) longiapophysis 77, 78 P. (P.) nigrolabium 79, 80 P. (P.) satsumensis (after Hamilton 1980) 81, 82 P. (P.) tishetshkini.

Male genitalia (Figs 47–53). Pygofer side (Fig. 47) broad basally, lobe stout, slightly prolonged caudally, with dorsal margin straight with rounded caudal margin, ventral margin infolded, caudal half with prominent tooth-like distal process preceded by a series of small teeth (Fig. 48). Subgenital plate (Fig. 47) shorter than ventral margin of pygofer, surface with fine setae. Dorsal connective as in Fig. 49. Style (Fig. 50) angled at about basal 2/5, stem slightly broader in central part and slightly narrowed subapically. Connective (Fig. 51), anterior margin wider than posterior margin, both lateral arms twisted dorsally. Aedeagus (Figs 52, 53) basally broad, dorsal apodeme developed; in lateral aspect, shaft gradually tapered to acute apex, bent dorsally, nearly U-shaped, in ventral view, weakly tumid at midlength, apex rounded, without process, gonopore apical.

Body length (including tegmen): 4.6–4.7 mm.

China (Yunnan Province).

The specific epithet refers to the type locality of the new species, Pianma Town, combined with the Latin adjectival suffix -ensis, meaning from a place.

The new species has the dorsal connective similar to that in P. (P.) ailaoshanensis, but can be distinguished from the latter by the simple aedeagal shaft without processes; it differs from other congeners by the combined features of dorsal connective, aedeagus and male pygofer processes.