ABC Attila Balázs, Čamovce, Slovakia

ABZ Andrii Ivanovych Bachynskyi (Андрій Іванович Бачинський), Zalishchyky, Ukraine

ADW Alexander Dostal, Vienna, Austria

AGB András Gór, Biatorbágy, Hungary

AHB Adam Hergovits, Bratislava, Slovakia

AKB Attila Kotán, Budapest, Hungary

AMK András Máté, Kecskemét, Hungary

APC Alexandru-Mihai Pintilioaie, Comănești, Romania

APE Attila Pál, Érd, Hungary

APO Antonín Peutlschmid, Olomouc, Czech Republic

ARC Adrian Ruicănescu, Cluj-Napoca, Romania

ASH Aleš Sedláček, Hranice, Czech Republic

ASK Artur Anatoliiovych Shekhovtsov (Артур Анатолійович Шеховцов), Kharkiv, Ukraine

AUP Ákos Uherkovich, Pécs, Hungary

BBO Boris Bubeník Sr., Ostrava, Czech Republic

BCK Csaba Bán, Kecskemét, Hungary

BJN Jiří Brestovanský Jr., Neratovice, Czech Republic

BJO Boris Bubeník Jr., Ostrava, Czech Republic

BKL Bence Krajcsovszky, Lábatlan, Hungary

BMP Marek Bunalski, Poznań, Poland

BSP † Svatopluk Bílý, Prague, Czech Republic

BVK Bohdan Mykolaiovych Vasko (Богдан Миколайович Васько), Kyiv, Ukraine

CBE Csaba Bartha, Eger, Hungary

CBK Csaba Bíró, Kecskemét, Hungary

CKZ Csaba Kutasi, Zirc, Hungary

CMI Cosmin-Ovidiu Manci, Iași, Romania

CSB Csaba Szabóky, Budapest, Hungary

CSS Csaba Szinetár, Szombathely, Hungary

CVK Csaba Vadász, Kecskemét, Hungary

CWP Christian Wieser, Pischeldorf, Austria

DCO Dan Čagánek, Otrokovice, Czech Republic

DHH David Hrebeň, Havířov, Czech Republic

DHP David Horák, Prostějov, Czech Republic

DJP Daniel Juřena, Prostějov, Czech Republic

DKC Denis Keith, Chartres, France

DKP David Král, Prague, Czech Republic

DPB Dragan Pavićević (Драган Павићевић), Belgrade, Serbia

DPS Dmytro Protopopov (Дмитро Протопопов), Semyhiria, Ukraine

DRW Dominik Rabl, Vienna, Austria

DVB Dalibor Všianský, Brno, Czech Republic

DVH Dušan Vacík, Hranice, Czech Republic

DVZ Daniel Vít, Zlín, Czech Republic

EJB Eduard Jendek, Bratislava, Slovakia

FKD Ferenc Klecska, Dunaharaszti, Hungary

FPT Filip Pavel, Týniště nad Orlicí, Czech Republic

FSB Filip Štrba, Bratislava, Slovakia

FSP František Štěpánek, Přerov, Czech Republic

FTK Florian Theves, Weingarten (Baden), Germany

FTR Filip Trnka, Rychnov nad Kněžnou, Czech Republic

FTV Filip Trojan, Velké Němčice, Czech Republic

GAB Ádám Gór, Biatorbágy, Hungary

GPB Gergely Petrányi, Budapest, Hungary

GML Geoffrey Miessen, Liège, Belgium

GSB Győző Szél, Budapest, Hungary

HDO Hryhorii Mykolaiovych Demydov (Григорій Миколайович Демидов), Odessa, Ukraine

HMS Heinz Mitter, Steyr, Austria

HTR Hennadii Tarasenko (Геннадій Тарасенко), Rzhyshchiv, Ukraine

IIB Ionuț Ștefan Iorgu, Bucharest, Romania

IJN Ivo Jeniš, Náklo, Czech Republic

IMO Ivo Martinů, Olomouc, Czech Republic

IMP Ivan Marvan, Pardubice, Czech Republic

IPO Ivan Paloušek, Olomouc, Czech Republic

IRB Imre Retezár, Budapest, Hungary

ITV Ilja Trojan, Velké Němčice, Czech Republic

JAH † Josef Adámek, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic

JBB Jan Bezděk, Brno, Czech Republic

JCM Josef Chybík, Modřice, Czech Republic

JDB János Dobos, Budapest, Hungary

JDC Jiří Dvořák, Čelčice, Czech Republic

JHH Jiří Hájek, Hrobce, Czech Republic

JHL Jan Helešic, Lužice (near Hodonín), Czech Republic

JHM Jaromír Hanuš, Moravské Budějovice, Czech Republic

JHP Jiří Hanzlík, Přerov–Popovice, Czech Republic

JJP † Josef Jurčíček, Prague, Czech Republic

JKB Ján Kodada, Bratislava, Slovakia

JKJ Jaroslav Kaláb, Jinačovice, Czech Republic

JKO Jindřich Kuja, Olomouc, Czech Republic

JKP Josef Krošlák, Plzeň, Czech Republic

JKV Josef Kadlec, Varnsdorf, Czech Republic

JMB József Muskovits, Budapest, Hungary

JMD † Jaroslav Máslo, Dolní Radechová, Czech Republic

JMH Jan Matějíček, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic

JPH Jan Pelikán, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic

JPP Jiří Plecháč, Pecka, Czech Republic

JRC Jindřich Ryšavý Jun., České Budějovice, Czech Republic

JRS Jaroslav Resl, Sněžné (near Nové Město nad Metují), Czech Republic

JSP Jan Schneider, Prague, Czech Republic

JST József Sár, Teklafalu, Hungary

JSU Jiří Spružina, Ústí nad Labem, Czech Republic

JTK Jaroslav Turna, Kostelec na Hané, Czech Republic

JVP † Jan Vitner, Prague, Czech Republic

JZJ Jaroslav Žák, Jezernice, Czech Republic

KBB Karol Bucsek, Bratislava, Slovakia

KDO Karel Doležel, Olomouc, Czech Republic

KFW Katrin Fuchs, Vienna, Austria

KHE Krisztián Harmos, Eger, Hungary

KLP Jiří Klícha, Prague, Czech Republic

KPH Karel Pils, Hlohovec, Slovakia

KPL Krzysztof Pałka, Lublin, Poland

KPV † Karel Poláček, Vysoké Mýto, Czech Republic

KRU Květoslav Resl, Uherský Brod, Czech Republic

KVB Klára Varga Bánné, Kecskemét, Hungary

KVM Kirill Vladimirovich Makarov (Кирилл Владимирович Макаров), Moscow, Russia

KVS Václav Křivan, Štěměchy, Czech Republic

LAB László Ádám, Budapest, Hungary

LEN Ladislav Ernest, Nymburk, Czech Republic

LFI Lucian Fusu, Iași, Romania

LHI Lucian Hănceanu, Iași, Romania

LKK Ladislav Kandrnál, Kunovice (near Uherské Hradiště), Czech Republic

LKM Ľudevít Kašovský, Martin, Slovakia

LMB Levente Erik Moharos, Budakeszi, Hungary

LMN Ladislav Miško, Nové Zámky, Slovakia

LMO Luboš Mazal, Olomouc, Czech Republic

LMT Ladislav Mencl, Týnec nad Labem, Czech Republic

LNB László Nádai, Budapest, Hungary

LRL Luciano Ragozzino Lerma, Italy

MBO Michal Bednařík, Olomouc, Czech Republic

MBF Marco Bastianini, Follonica, Italy

MBP Milan Brabec, Prague, Czech Republic

MHP Marcel Hájek, Plzeň, Czech Republic

MJR Martin Jagelka, Rohožník, Slovakia

MKJ Martin Kejzlar, Jevíčko, Czech Republic

MKY Mark Yuriyevich’ K’alashyan (Մարկ Յուրիևիչ Քալաշյան), Yerevan, Armenia

MLB Márk Lukátsi, Budapest, Hungary

MLS Miloš Lošťák, Šumperk, Czech Republic

MNB Martin Němec, Brno, Czech Republic

MNR Milan Nikodým, Roztoky (near Prague), Czech Republic

MOB Oto Majzlan, Bratislava, Slovakia

MPK Michal Pikner, Kněžpole (near Uherské Hradiště), Czech Republic

MPN Miloš Popović (Милош Поповић), Niš, Serbia

MPP Milan Sláma, Prague, Czech Republic

MPV Milan Pilarčík, Velké Pavlovice, Czech Republic

MRM Miklós Ringler, Munich, Germany

MRV Milan Ryšavý, Vlkoš (near Přerov), Czech Republic

MSB Milan Štrba, Bratislava, Slovakia

MSN Marko Šćiban (Марко Шћибан), Novi Sad, Serbia

MSZ Miloslav Šanda, Žatec, Czech Republic

MTM Maximilian Teodorescu, Măgurele, Romania

MTS Milan Trubačík, Staré Město (near Uherské Hradiště), Czech Republic

MVP Martin Volf, Prague, Czech Republic

MYP Vladislav Malý, Prague, Czech Republic

MZB Miroslav Zúber, Bradlec, Czech Republic

MZK Miroslav Ihorovych Zaika (Мирослав Ігорович Заїка), Kyiv, Ukraine

MZP Zdena Martinová & Zdeněk Znamenáček, Prague, Czech Republic

NKB Naďa Kazdová, Brno, Czech Republic

NPB Norbert Pometkó, Budapest, Hungary

OHS Oliver Hillert, Schöneiche bei Berlin, Germany

OKO Oleksandr Oleksandrovych Kolomeichuk (Олександр Олександрович Коломейчук), Odessa, Ukraine

OMB † Ottó Merkl, Budapest, Hungary

OSD Oleksandr Oleksiiovych Sukhenko (Олександр Олексійович Сухенко), Dnipro, Ukraine

OSO Ondřej Sabol, Ostrava–Nová Bělá, Czech Republic

OVK Oleksii Vasyliuk (Олексій Василюк), Kyiv, Ukraine

PCB Petr Čechovský, Brno, Czech Republic

PFS Péter Farkas, Ságvár, Hungary

PIL Pavel Imríšek, Louny, Czech Republic

PJH Josef Pavlas, Havířov, Czech Republic

PJL Pavel Jáchymek, Luhačovice, Czech Republic

PKB Péter Kovács, Budapest, Hungary

PKG Peter Kurina, Gajary, Slovakia

PMB Peter Mihálik, Bratislava, Slovakia

PPB Petr Pacholátko, Brno, Czech Republic

PSZ Petr Středulínský, Zlín, Czech Republic

PVP Petr Včelička, Prague, Czech Republic

PZW Petr Zábranský, Vienna, Austria

RCP † Radek Červenka, Prague, Czech Republic

RCR Roman Cséfalvay, Rohovce–Kyselica, Slovakia

REE Róbert Enyedi, Eger, Hungary

RFO † Rostislav Fornůsek, Olomouc, Czech Republic

RGM Rudolf Gabzdil, Michalovce, Slovakia

RHB Roman Hergovits, Bratislava, Slovakia

RHK Rostyslav Pavlovych Herasymov (Ростислав Павлович Герасимов), Kyiv, Ukraine

RKP Radim Klíč, Prostějov, Czech Republic

RMU Robert Machálek, Uherské Hradiště, Czech Republic

RPM Riccardo Pittino, Milan, Italy

RSG Roland Štefanovič, Galanta, Slovakia

RSP Radim Šigut, Paskov, Czech Republic

RVO † Radovan Veigler, Olomouc, Czech Republic

RZJ Renata Žáková, Jezernice, Czech Republic

SBP Sándor Bérces, Pomáz, Hungary

SBS Stoyan Beshkov, Sofia, Bulgaria

SDP Stanislav Doležal, Plzeň–Božkov, Czech Republic

SIB Sándor Ilniczky, Budapest, Hungary

SKP Jiří Skýpala, Prague, Czech Republic

SPP Serge Peslier, Perpignan, France

SRB Richard Schnürmacher, Bratislava, Slovakia

SRL Stefan Rabl, Lengenfeld, Austria

STK Serhii Vasylovych Tsykal (Сергій Васильович Цикал), Kyiv, Ukraine

SZM Stefano Ziani, Meldola, Italy

TBK Torsten Bittner, Weißenberg, Germany

TDB Tamás Deli, Békéscsaba, Hungary

TDS Tibor Danyik, Szarvas, Hungary

TGK Tomáš Grulich, Dolní Studénky–Králec, Czech Republic

TKB † Tibor Kovács Sr., Bátonyterenye–Kisterenye, Hungary

TKG Tibor Kovács Jr., Gyöngyös, Hungary

TKH Tomáš Kopecký, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic

TKK Tamás Kiss, Kecskemét, Hungary

TNB Tamás Németh, Gödöllő, Hungary

TSH Tibor Spevár, Hlohovec, Slovakia

TVP Tomáš Vendl, Prague, Czech Republic

VDP Václav Dongres, Plzeň, Czech Republic

VGG † Vadim Gennad’yevich Grachëv (Вадим Геннадьевич Грачёв), Moscow, Russia

VJP Vojtěch Jiříček, Prostějov, Czech Republic

VKK Vitalii Volodymyrovych Kavurka (Віталій Володимирович Кавурка), Kyiv, Ukraine

VKS Vítězslav Kubáň, Šlapanice, Czech Republic

VLP Jaromír Vališ, Přerov, Czech Republic

VMP Vlastimil Mihal, Přerov, Czech Republic

VPB Vilmos Polonyi, Budapest, Hungary

VRH Vladislav Řebíček, Hradištko, Czech Republic

VSI Valentin Szénási, Isaszeg, Hungary

VSK Vasyl Musiiovych Serhiienko (Василь Мусійович Сергієнко), Kyiv, Ukraine

VSM Viktor Viktorovych Strenada (Віктор Вікторович Стренада), Mykolaiv, Ukraine

VTH Vladimír Thomka, Humenné, Slovakia

VTO Viacheslav Anatoliiovych Trach (Вячеслав Анатолійович Трач), Odessa, Ukraine

VUB Viorel Ungureanu, Buzău, Romania

VVO Vladimír Vyhnálek, Olomouc, Czech Republic

VZO Vladimír Zeman, Olomouc, Czech Republic

WBW Wolfgang Barries, Vienna, Austria

WHS Walter Heinz, Schwanfeld, Germany

YHS Yurii Mykolaiovych Geriak (Юрій Миколайович Ґеряк), Sambir, Ukraine

YKL Yurii Vasylovych Kanarskyi (Юрій Васильович Канарський), Lviv, Ukraine

YKO Yevhenii Vitaliiovych Khalaim (Євгеній Віталійович Халаїм), Odessa, Ukraine

YSK Yurii Yevhenovych Skrylnyk (Юрій Євгенович Скрильник), Kharkiv, Ukraine

ZBB Zoran Božović (Зоран Божовић), Batajnica, Serbia

ZBP Zsófia Mocskonyi Bércesné, Pomáz, Hungary

ZCP Zdeněk Čermák, Prostějov, Czech Republic

ZDP † Zdeněk Doležal, Plzeň, Czech Republic

ZKB Zoltán Körmendy, Budapest, Hungary

ZKM Zdeněk Kraus, Mikulovice (near Znojmo), Czech Republic

ZLB Zdeněk Laštůvka, Brno, Czech Republic

ZVP Zdeněk Vancl, Police nad Metují, Czech Republic

BNMS Brukenthal National Museum, Sibiu, Romania

BZLA Biologiezentrum Linz, Austria

CMZC Croatian Natural History Museum, Zagreb, Croatia

CUIR Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, Iași, Romania

ETHZ Entomological collection of the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zürich, Switzerland

FGBI Franziskaner Gymnasium Bozen, Bolzano, Italy

FMNH Finnish Museum of Natural History LUOMUS, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland

GANM “Grigore Antipa” National Museum of Natural History, Bucharest, Romania

GUNU Nizhyn Gogol State University, Nizhyn, Ukraine

HNHM Hungarian Natural History Museum, Budapest, Hungary

IECA Institute of Entomology, Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, České Budějovice, Czech Republic

IZCM Institute of Zoology of the Academy of Sciences of Moldova, Chișinău, Republic of Moldova

JHIS Jovan Hadži Institute of Biology of the Research Centre of the Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Ig, Slovenia

LKKA Landesmuseums für Kärnten, Klagenfurt am Wörthersee, Austria

MCAS Museo Civico Archeologico e di Scienze Naturali “Federico Eusebio", Alba, Italy

MCZR Museo Civico di Zoologia, Rome, Italy

MFSN Museo Friulano di Storia Naturale, Udine, Italy

MHKC Museum of Eastern Bohemia in Hradec Králové, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic

MHNG Muséum d’histoire naturelle de Genève, Geneva, Switzerland

MIZP Museum and Institute of Zoology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland

MJMC Muzeum jihovýchodní Moravy ve Zlíně, Zlín, Czech Republic

MKPC Muzeum Komenského v Přerově, Přerov, Czech Republic

MMBC Moravian Museum, Brno, Czech Republic

MNBG Leibniz-Institut für Evolutions- und Biodiversitätsforschung, Museum für Naturkunde, Berlin, Germany

MMGH Mátra Museum of the Hungarian Natural History Museum, Gyöngyös, Hungary

MMSH Móra Ferenc Museum, Szeged, Hungary

MNFI Natural History Museum “La Specola”, Florence, Italy

MNHN Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, France

MNSA Museum Niederösterreich, Sankt Pölten, Austria

MPGU Moscow Pedagogical State University, Moscow, Russia

MSNB Museo di Scienze Naturali dell’Alto Adige, Bolzano, Italy

MSNG Museo Civico di Storia Naturale “Giacomo Doria”, Genoa, Italy

MSNM Museo Civico di Storia Naturale, Milan, Italy

MTDG Senckenberg Naturhistorische Sammlungen, Museum für Tierkunde, Dresden, Germany

MUSE Museo delle Scienze, Trento, Italy

MZLU Biological Museum, Lund University, Lund, Sweden

MZSF Musée zoologique de l’université et de la ville de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France

NHMB Naturhistorisches Museum Basel, Switzerland

NHMD Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

NHMK State Natural History Museum of V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Kharkiv, Ukraine

NHML Natural History Museum, London, United Kingdom

NHMU National Science and Natural History Museum of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine

NHMW Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, Vienna, Austria

NMAG Naturmuseum Augsburg, Germany

NMBE Naturhistorisches Museum Bern, Switzerland

NMCM National Museum of Ethnography and Natural History, Chișinău, Republic of Moldova

NMEG Naturkundemuseum Erfurt, Germany

NMPC National Museum, Prague, Czech Republic

NMSB National Museum of Natural History, Sofia, Bulgaria

PMSL Slovenian Museum of Natural History, Ljubljana, Slovenia

RBIN Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels, Belgium

RMNH Naturalis Biodiversity Centre (formerly Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie), Leiden, Netherlands

SDEI Senckenberg Deutsches Entomologisches Institut, Müncheberg, Germany

SIZK I. I. Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine

SMLU State Museum of Natural History, Lviv, Ukraine

SMNK Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde Karlsruhe, Germany

SMNS Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde Stuttgart, Germany

SMOC Silesian Museum, Opava, Czech Republic

SNMS Slovak National Museum–Natural History Museum, Bratislava, Slovakia

TLMF Tiroler Landesmuseum Ferdinandeum, Innsbruck, Austria

TMLS Tekovské múzeum v Leviciach, Levice, Slovakia

UMJG Universalmuseum Joanneum, Graz, Austria

VMHS Vihorlatské múzeum Humenné, Slovakia

ZFMK Zoologishes Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig, Bonn, Germany

ZMNU Zoological Museum of the Taras Shevchenko National University, Kyiv, Ukraine

ZMPC Západočeské muzeum v Plzni, Plzeň, Czech Republic

ZINR Zoological Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg, Russia

ZSMG Staatliche Naturwissenschaftliche Sammlungen Bayerns, Zoologische Staatssammlung, Munich, Germany

ZUDH Department of Nature Conservation, Zoology and Game Management, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary

Published data

? 5354: “Kummer” [= Hradčany near Mimoň], 1 ♂ flying in the evening, no other data (Kral 1915). Given that Kral listed several species from this locality which have never been confirmed, this record is not considered very reliable.

5756: Loučeň, 28.v.1905, 1 spec., [Augustin] Šrámek leg., Radek Červenka and Radek Dunda det., coll. NMPC (Juřena et al. 2008); note: this specimen was probably stolen from NMPC.

6865: “Kammberg b. Brünn” [probably Brno – Kohoutovice env., perhaps Kamenný vrch hill], no other data (Horion 1958). This specimen should be deposited in Georg Frey’s collection in NHMB, but still on loan (Christoph Germann pers. comm., 2021).

7067: Hovorany, 6.v.1941, Jan Roubal leg. (Tesař 1957); Čejč, 28.v.1982, 1 ♀, J. Voříšek leg. (Juřena et al. 2008); Čejč env., Bílý kopec hill, [= PP Bílý kopec u Čejče, ca. 48°56'14"N, 16°59'E, ca. 200 m a.s.l.], July 1978, collector not specified (Juřena et al. 2008); Čejč env., “Mansonova step” [= “Manson’s steppe”, 48°55'32.1"N, 16°58'46.6"E], 1.vii.1987, 1 ♂, at light at 21.45 CEST, VJP (Juřena et al. 2008); 15.vi.1988, 1 ♂ FSLG at 21.45 CEST, ca. 20 °C, VJP (Juřena et al. 2008); 16.vi.1988, 1 ♂ flying ca. 10 cm above the ground at 21.52 CEST, ca. 10–12 °C, VJP leg., coll. DJP (Juřena et al. 2008); 17.–18.vi.1988, 2 ♀♀, JKJ (Juřena et al. 2008); 26.vi.1988, 1 ♀ was caught while trying to fly out from the grass, 21.55 CEST, MLS (Juřena et al. 2008); 29.vi.1999, 1 ♀ FSLG at 22.00 CEST, VKS (Juřena et al. 2008; Hillert et al. 2016); 3.vii.1999, 1 ♂ crawling on the footpath at 21.55 CEST, together with 1 ♂ of Od. armiger, RZJ leg., coll. JZJ (Juřena et al. 2008).

6568: Prostějov, [between 1878–1899, see Koleška 1985] [Karel] Kyselý leg. (Kliment 1899); Záhoří near Prostějov [probably area SW of the town, near the village of Domamyslice (6568), or Na Záhoří hill (6468), ca. 600 m NE of the village of Čelechovice na Hané – Kaple], [probably between 1878–1899], [Karel] Kyselý leg. (Fleischer 1930); “Prosznitz” [= Prostějov] (Schubert 1905; Zoufal 1922; Horion 1958); “Prossnitz” [= Prostějov], 1 ♂, [probably between 1878–1899], K[arel] Kyselý leg., coll. Georg Frey deposited in NHMB (Hillert et al. 2016).

? 6570: Přerov env. [probably Bochoř near Přerov], no other data (Hudeček 1928, 1930); Bochoř, no other data (Hudeček 1937). These two records are very doubtful. Rusty-coloured specimens of Od. armiger (ab. testaceus) labelled as Bolbelasmus unicornis, with black specimens of the same species, correctly labelled as Odonteus armiger, have been found in the Hudeček’s collection in MKPC; no specimens of B. unicornis were discovered in this collection (Jaroslav Žák pers. comm., 2016).

6870: “Ungarisch Hradisch” [= Uherské Hradiště] env., Morava River valley, no other data (Schlögl 1883).

Material examined and new observations

7067: Bořetice env., PR Zázmoníky, 48°56'06.9"N, 16°51'20.5"E, ca. 300 m a.s.l., 1.v.1998, 1 elytron excavated from loess soil, KRU obs.; Čejč env., “Květnatá step” [= so-called Květnatá steppe, northern part of the PR Čejkovické Špidláky reserve], 48°55'22.0"N, 16°57'24.2"E, ca. 190 m a.s.l., 1.vii.1995, remains of a female excavated from a burrow of Oryctolagus cuniculus, KRU (VKS det., 15 October 2005); Čejč env., “Mansonova step” [= so-called “Manson’s steppe”], 48°55'32.1"N, 16°58'46.6"E, ca. 210 m a.s.l., 20.vi.1986, 1 ♀ FSLG after sunset, PCB; 17.vi.1988, 1 ♀ FSLG after sunset, PCB; 21.vi.1988, 2 ♀♀ FSLG after sunset, VKS; 27.vi.1988, 8 spec. FSLG after sunset (for a photograph of one of them see Král et al. 2018), together with hundreds of spec. of Odonteus armiger (Scopoli, 1772), VKS; 29.vi.1988, 2 spec. FSLG after sunset, VKS; 19.vi.1989, 1 ♀ FSLG after sunset, JTK; 16.vi.1995, 1 ♂ FSLG after sunset, VKS (for partial data on this record see Hillert et al. 2016); 17.vi.1995, 1 ♂ and 1 ♀ flying slowly ca. 10 cm above the ground after sunset just after the rain, VKS; Mutěnice [= Čejč env.], “Mansonka” [= Manson’s steppe], 2002, no other data [1 spec., anonymous collector leg. et coll.], non-public record of NDOP [= Records Database of Nature Conservation] of AOPK ČR [= Nature Conservation Agency of the Czech Republic].

6376: “Friedek Umg.” [= Frýdek-Místek env.], 20.vi.1923, 1 ♀ [ex. coll. Dr Karel Samšiňák], Jos[ef] Hlisnikowski [leg.], DJP det., coll. SMOC.

Comment

In the Czech Republic, the species is known from a few localities only. Old reports by Kral (1915) from Hradčany near Mimoň and by Hudeček (1928, 1930, 1937) from Přerov and Bochoř are dubious. In this study, the species is reported for the first time from northern Moravia on the basis of an old record from the vicinity of Frýdek-Místek. The latest record from the Czech Republic is from Čejč from 2004 and will be published with additional details at a later date (David Král pers. comm., 2021). For the distribution of the species in the Czech Republic see Fig. 9.

Published data

7867: [Bratislava env.,] Děvín: Kobyla [= Devínska Kobyla hill], [between 1921–1936, see Koleška 1995a], 1 spec. in horse dung, [František] Šlégl leg. (Roubal 1936; Majzlan et al. 2005); “Dévény” [= Bratislava – Devín], no other data (Endrődi 1957).

7568: Malacky, no other data (Roubal 1938).

7868: “Pozsony” or “Presburg” [= Bratislava] env., no other data (Bolla 1859; Rózsay 1868, 1880; Kuthy 1898; Ortvay 1902; Balthasar 1933; Roubal 1936; Endrődi 1957); Bratislava, June 1957, 1 ♂, collector unknown, coll. LKK (Juřena et al. 2008).

7968: Bratislava, Kopáč Island, [PR Kopáčsky ostrov], 19.v.2006, 1 spec., Malaise trap, MOB leg. (Majzlan 2006, 2007; Juřena et al. 2008).

7969: “Somorja” [= Šamorín], 10.v.1897, 1 spec. inside the digestive system of Upupa epops, Ernő Csiki obs. (Csiki 1905).

7371: “Pustá Ves” [= Prašník – Horná Pustá Ves or Dolná Pustá Ves], 22.vii.1984, 1 ♀, [at light], JMD leg., coll. NMPC (Hillert et al. 2016; data completed by the author).

7272: Čachtice, [probably between 1920–1938, see Koleška 1981], F[rantišek] Hajný leg., coll. JDC (Juřena et al. 2008).

7572: Hlohovec, undated [probably first half of the 20^th century], 1 ♀, Várkonyi leg., coll. DKP deposited in NMPC (Juřena et al. 2008; Hillert et al. 2016).

7373: Brunovce, no other data, 1 ♀ in coll. NMEG (Hillert et al. 2016).

7074: “Liborcsa” [= Nemšová – Ľuborča], [ca. 230 m a.s.l.], undated [probably second half of the 19^th century], 2 spec., Nitnausz leg. (Brancsik 1899, 1905; Balthasar 1933); “Bolessó – Pjechó” [= Bolešov – Piechov], “Branne” forest, [ca. 250–300 m a.s.l.], undated, József Laczó leg. (Laczó 1905; Laco 1928); [Trenčín –] Zlatovce [env., Malá hora hill, 48°54'43"N, 18°0'30"E, ca. 230 m a.s.l. and Vinohrady, 48°54'47.22"N, 18°1'4.68"E, ca. 250 m a.s.l.], 1.vi.–10.vii.[probably 1920s], tens of spec., Rudolf Čepelák leg. (Čepelák 1925; the site specified from Čepelák’s diary – see Fig. 20); June 1926, [Rudolf] Čepelák leg., 1 ♂ in coll. JSP (Juřena et al. 2008) and 1 ♀ (ex original coll. Vladimír Balthasar) in coll. NMPC (Hillert et al. 2016; data completed by the author); Trenčín – Zlatovce [env.], 27.vi.1935, 1 ♀, collector unknown, coll. NMPC (Hillert et al. 2016); Istebník env., “Weinberg” [= Trenčín – Zlatovce env., Vinohrady, 48°54'47.22"N, 18°1'4.68"E, ca. 250 m a.s.l.], May-July 1926–1927, more spec., Georg Polentz and Rudolf Čepelák leg. (Polentz 1927).

7174: Trenčín, date not specified, old vineyard, more spec, Rudolf Čepelák, František Hajný, and Ladislav Korbel leg., and 1 spec., Jan Roubal leg. (Roubal 1936); Trenčín, no other data (Endrődi 1957); “Trencsen, Hungaria” [= Hungary, Trenčín], 1 ♂ and 1 ♀ with no other data, coll. BMP (Bunalski 1999; collection specified by Bunalski pers. comm., 2021); Trencsen [= Trenčín], no other data, 1 ♂ and 1 ♀ in coll. OHS (Hillert et al. 2016); Trenčín, no other data, 3 spec. coll. TMLS (Kollár and Smetana 1994); Trenčín, [Rudolf] Čepelák leg., no other data (Tesař 1954, 1957); Trenčín, no other data, 2 ♂♂ and 1 ♀ in coll. NMPC (Hillert et al. 2016; data specified by the author), 1 ♀ with no other data (Král et al. 2018); Trenčín, undated, 1 ♀, V[ilém] Steidl leg., ex original coll. Jan Havelka, currently in coll. NMPC (Hillert et al. 2016; data specified by the author); Trenčín, undated, 1 ♂ and 1 ♀, Dr A[lois] Richter leg., coll. NMPC (Hillert et al. 2016); Trenčín, undated, [Rudolf] Čepelák leg., 2 ♂♂ and 3 ♀♀ in coll. DKP deposited in NMPC, 3 ♂♂ in coll. MJMC [data specified by the author], 1 spec. in coll. JMH, 2 ♀♀ in coll. JSP, 1 spec. in coll. MZP, 9 ♂♂ and 10 ♀♀ in coll. NMPC, 2 ♂♂ and 1 ♀ in coll. OHS, 1 spec. in coll. SDP (Juřena et al. 2008; Hillert et al. 2016; data specified by the author); Trenčín, undated, [Ladislav] Korbel leg., 3 ♂♂, in coll. MJMC (Juřena et al. 2008; data specified by the author); Trenčín, May 1931, Dr A[lois] Richter leg., 1 ♂ in coll. JMH (Juřena et al. 2008), 1 ♀ in coll. NMPC (Hillert et al. 2016); Trenčín, June 1931, 1 ♀, Dr A[lois] Richter leg., coll. MJMC (Juřena et al. 2008; data specified by the author); Trenčín, 1960, no other data, 1 ♀ in coll. MZB (Juřena et al. 2008).

7274: “Trenčín – Inovec” [= Považský Inovec Mts, Inovec hill env.], undated [probably 1920s-1930s], 1 ♂, [Rudolf] Čepelák leg., ex original coll. Rudolf Veselý, currently in coll. NMPC (Hillert et al. 2016; data completed by the author).

7374: “Podhragy” [= Podhradie near Topolčany], June and July 1895–1897, collector not specified (Kelecsényi 1900; Roubal 1936).

8174: “Keszegfalu” [= Keszegfalva, currently Kameničná], 25.v.1906, 1 spec. inside the digestive system of Falco vespertinus, Ernő Csiki obs. (Csiki 1910).

7275: Ľutov [env., Pálenice hill, ca. 48°46'57"N, 18°16'44"E, 250–300 m a.s.l.], 1.vi.–15.vii.[probably 1920s], Čepelák leg. (Tesař 1957; the site specified from Čepelák’s diary – see Fig. 20).

8176: “Bátorkeszi” [= Bátorove Kosihy], June [between 1919–1923, see Koleška 1995b], 1 spec., sandy path, [Václav] Thurnher leg. (Roubal 1936; Endrődi 1957).

8177: Štúrovo (8278) [Štúrovo env., Belianské kopce hills, Modrý vrch hill env., PR Vŕšok env.], 24.v.1985, 2 spec., RFO (Týr 1997); Modrý vrch hill near Štúrovo [= Štúrovo env., Belianské kopce hills, Modrý vrch hill env., PR Vŕšok env.], 28.vi.1981, 1 ♂ and 1 ♀, 23.v.1985, 1 ♂, IJN (Juřena et al. 2008).

8178: Kamenica nad Hronom env., 47°50'29.5"N, 18°43'34.8"E, 9.vii.1980, ca. 30 spec. FSLG around midnight, PJH leg., 1 ♂ and 1 ♀ in coll. VJP, 1 ♀ in coll. ZDP deposited in ZMPC (Juřena et al. 2008; data supplemented by VJP pers. comm., 2021, and the author); 17.vii.1990, 1 ♂ and 1 ♀, 5.v.1992, 1 ♂, MTS (Juřena et al. 2008); 26.vi.1999, 1 ♂ and 1 ♀, dead on a path, JCM (Juřena et al. 2008); 24.v.2008, 2 ♀♀, at light (flew through the open window) ca. at 21.45 CEST, BBO (Juřena et al. 2008); Kamenica nad Hronom env., NPR Burdov, 47°49'32.88"N, 18°44'54.72"E, 154 m a.s.l., June 2011, 1 spec., Malaise trap, Vladimír Hošek leg. (Majzlan 2016); Kováčov, July 1985, 1 spec., ZVP (Týr 1997), 5.vii.1985, 1 spec., KPV leg., coll. JRS (Juřena et al. 2008); 4.vii.1999, 1 ♂, Karel Deneš Sr. leg., coll. DCO (Juřena et al. 2008); 29.vi.2001, 1 ♂, at light, JSU leg., coll. MSZ (Juřena et al. 2008).

8179: Chľaba env., 47°49'27"N, 18°50'57"E (the site near the confluence of the Danube and Ipeľ rivers), 103 m a.s.l., 5.vii.1975, plant materials alluviated by flooded Danube and Ipeľ rivers, 1 ♀, VKS leg. et coll., 1 ♂, PPB leg., coll. VKS (Juřena et al. 2008; data corrected by VKS pers. comm., 2021).

7781: “Plachti[n]ce” [= Horné, Stredné or Dolné Plachtince], 5.vi.1938, [Rudolf] Schwarz leg. (Tesař 1957).

7683: “Losoncz” [= Lučenec], 1877–1891, Emil Malesevics leg. (Malesevics 1892; Černecký et al. 2014); Lučenec, June [probably first half of the 20^th century], Slanec leg. (Roubal 1936).

7884: Šiatorská Bukovinka, parking at the cemetery, [48°11'4"N, 19°49'33"E; 290 m a.s.l.], 8.vii.1973, 1 spec., at light (kerosene lamp), SKP leg., coll. SPP (Skýpala 1978; Juřena et al. 2008; storage of the specimen specified by Serge Peslier pers. comm., 2022)

7785: Hajnáčka [– Buková, 48°13'36.97"N, 19°58'24.11"E, steppe slope near the forest], 15.vii.1984, 1 ♀, dead on the ground, RCP (Juřena et al. 2008); 5.–8.vi.1986, 1 ♂, JMH; 18.v.1989, 1 ♂ FSLG after sunset, IMO; 5.vi.1989, 1 ♀, in flight at 21.35 CEST, IMO; 10.–11.vi.1989, 7 ♂♂ and 2 ♀♀, in flight after sunset or crawling on the ground, RVO (Juřena et al. 2008); 11.vi.1989, 1 ♂ and 2 ♀♀ FSLG after sunset, APO (Juřena et al. 2008); 24.vi.1989, 3 ♂♂ and 2 ♀♀ FSLG after sunset, MBO (Juřena et al. 2008); 27.vi.1989, 1 ♂ and 1 ♀ FSLG after sunset, RVO (Juřena et al. 2008); 1.vii.1989, 1 ♂ and 1 ♀ excavated with a garden shovel from their burrow on a steppe in the immediate vicinity of an oak forest (the burrow with push-up was localised thanks to audible stridulation of one or both specimens), VMP (Juřena et al. 2008); 6.vii.1989, 1 ♂ and 2 ♀♀ FSLG after sunset, MBO (Juřena et al. (2008); 16.vi.1990, 1 ♀ FSLG at 21.25 CEST, VJP (Juřena et al. 2008); 17.vi.1990, 1 ♂ flying at 21.28 CEST, VJP, 2 ♀♀ flying at 21.30–22.00 CEST, MNR (Juřena et al. 2008); 28.vi.1990, 1 ♂ crawling on the ground near an oak forest at 21.30 CEST, IMO (Juřena et al. 2008); 16.vi.1991, 1 ♂ and 1 ♀ FSLG at 21.25 CEST, VJP; 16.vi.1992, 3 ♂♂ and 3 ♀♀ FSLG after sunset, JDC, VJP (Juřena et al. 2008); 18.vi.1992, 1 ♂ and 1 ♀ FSLG after sunset, JDC (Juřena et al. 2008); 16.vi.1994, 2 ♂♂ FSLG after sunset, APO (Juřena et al. 2008); 28.v.1995, 1 spec., JKP (Týr 1997), 1 ♀ flying at 21.30–22.00 CEST, MNR (Juřena et al. 2008); 3.vii.1997, 3 ♀♀ FSLG at 21.30–22.00 CEST, MZP, MNR (Juřena et al. 2008); 16.vi.2009, together with Od. armiger and Och. chrysomeloides, the number of spec. and the collector name not specified (Byk et al. 2012).

7882: Kiarov, 15.–20.vi.1936, 1 ♀, [Dr Rudolf] Schwarz leg., ex original coll. Bohumil Štícha, currently in coll. NMPC (Juřena et al. 2008; Hillert et al. 2016; data completed by the author).

7277: Prievidza, forest park, 18.vii.1995, 1 ♂, RGM; (Juřena et al. 2008).

7280: Banská Bystrica, 18.v.1979, 1 ♂, collector unknown, coll. KVS (Juřena et al. 2008; Hillert et al. 2016).

7488: Silická Brezová, 3.vi.1999, 1 ♀, dead on a path crossing a steppe meadow, KDO (Juřena et al. 2008).

7390: Hrhov, 20.–21.vii.1981, 10 spec. excavated from their burrows, in a few cases together with Od. armiger (at a depth of up to 7 cm, the burrows changed direction from vertical to horizontal; in two cases, in one hole were two males or two females of B. unicornis together), LMT (Juřena et al. 2008).

7494: Slanská Huta env., 48°34'54.8"N, 21°28'31.7"E, 600 m a.s.l., 24.vii.1972, 1 ♀ crawling on the ground after sunset, ZLB obs. + photo – see Fig. 14A (Juřena et al. 2008; data specified by ZLB pers. comm., 2022).

7596: Ladmovce, 9.viii.1982, 2 ♂♂ excavated from their burrows from a depth of 8 cm, and 1 ♀ from a depth of ca. 20 cm, LMT (Juřena et al. 2008).

7097: Lackovce env., Veľká hill, [ca. 48°56'35"N, 21°58'13.5"E], 2.vii.–31.viii.2001, 2 ♂♂ and 2 ♀♀, steep forest-steppe hillside with shrubbery of Rosa canina and Prunus spinosa, pitfall traps with formaldehyde, together with more spec. of Od. armiger, VTH leg., coll. VMHS (Juřena et al. 2008); 16.vii.2017, 1 spec., pitfall trap with formaldehyde (48°56'37.63"N, 21°58'14.33"E), A. Macková leg. (Gajdoš and Majzlan 2018; Majzlan 2018).

7098–7099: Snina, July 1965, 1 ♂, MPP leg., coll. DKP deposited in NMPC (Hillert et al. 2016).

Material examined and new observations

7868: “Pressburg” [= Bratislava], no other data, 2 ♂♂ and 3 ♀♀ in coll. UMJG; “Hu, Pressburg” [= Hungaria, Bratislava], undated, 1 ♂, Maj[or Robert] Weber [leg.], coll. UMJG.

7868–7869: Bratislava – Podunajské Biskupice, Kopáč Island, PP Panský diel env. (Figs 4, 5), (e.g., 48°6'4.83"N, 17°9'37.55"E; 48°6'5.7"N, 17°9'48.7"E; 48°6'6.58"N, 17°9'58.21"E; 48°6'6.77"N, 17°10'2.16"E), 132–133 m a.s.l., 31.vii.2009, 1 ♀, at UV light, KBB leg., coll. DVH; 18.viii.2014, 1 ♀, at light, KBB obs.; 20.viii.2014, 1 ♂ and 1 ♀ FSLG after sunset, AHB and RHB obs.; 27.viii.2014, 2 ♀♀ FSLG after sunset, AHB obs.; 5.ix.2014, 3 ♂♂ and 2 ♀♀ FSLG after sunset, PKG and RHB obs.; 3.vi.2015, 11 ♂♂ and 4 ♀♀ flying slowly 10–20 cm above the ground after sunset, AHB and RHB obs.; 5.vi.2015, 5 ♂♂ and 1 ♀ flying slowly 10–20 cm above the ground after sunset, PKG and RHB obs.; 7.vi.2015, 4 ♂♂ FSLG after sunset, AHB obs.; 26.viii.2015, 2 ♀♀ flying slowly ca. 0.5 m above the ground at 20.20 and 20.30 CEST, DJP obs.; 28.viii.2015, 1 ♀ flying ca. 10–20 cm above the ground at 20.27 CEST, AHB obs.; 29.v.2016, 7 spec. FSLG after sunset, together with ca. 15 spec. of Od. armiger, EJB, MSB and RHB obs.; 7.vi.2016, 11 spec. (4 ♂♂, 6 ♀♀ and 1 spec. not sexed) FSLG at 21.25–21.45 CEST, AHB and RHB obs. (see Table 1 for full data on the flights); 8.vi.2016, 5 spec. (4 ♂♂ and 1 spec. not sexed) flying slowly ca. 0.5 m above the ground at 21.27–21.43 CEST, together with 3 spec. of Od. armiger, DJP obs. (see Table 1 for full data on the flights); 18.vi.2016, 3 ♂♂ and 3 ♀♀ flying relatively slowly (but faster than 8.vi.2016) ca. 0.5 m above the ground at 21.33–21.53 CEST, DJP obs. (see Table 1 for full data on the flights); 21.vi.2016, 3 ♂♂ and 2 ♀♀ flying slowly ca. 0.5 m above the ground at 21.31–22.03 CEST, MSB obs. (see Table 1 for full data on the flights); 22.vi.2016, 2 ♂♂ and 4 ♀♀ flying slowly ca. 0.5 m above the ground at 21.21–21.57 CEST, MSB obs. (see Table 1 for full data on the flights); 23.vi.2016, 3 ♂♂ and 1 ♀ excavated from their burrows on the edge of a path crossing a forest-steppe meadow, 6 ♂♂ and 5 ♀♀ FSLG at 21.33–21.53 CEST, together with ca. 15 spec. of Od. armiger, DJP obs. (see Table 1 for full data on the flights); 24.vi.2016, 10 ♂♂ and 14 ♀♀ FSLG at 21.36–22.08 CEST, DJP, MSB and PKG obs. (see Table 1 for full data on the flights); 25.vi.2016, 2 ♂♂ and 5 ♀♀ FSLG at 21.28–22.08 CEST, MSB and FSB obs. (see Table 1 for full data on the flights); 26.vi.2016, 13 ♂♂ and 12 ♀♀ flying slowly up to ca. 0.5 m above the ground or relatively quickly ca. 1.5 m above ground at 21.31–22.09 CEST, together with ca. 10 spec. of Od. armiger and 3 spec. of Ochodaeus chrysomeloides (Schrank, 1781), DJP, FSB, MSB and PKG obs. (see Table 1 for full data on the flights); 27.vi.2016, 2 ♂♂ and 8 ♀♀ FSLG at 21.31–22.57 CEST, MSB and FSB obs. (see Table 1 for full data on the flights); 28.vi.2016, 2 ♂♂ and 7 ♀♀ flying slowly up to ca. 0.5 m above the ground or relatively quickly ca. 1–1.5 m above the ground at 21.28–22.48 CEST, together with 1 spec. of Od. armiger, DJP and PKG obs. (see Table 1 for full data on the flights); 29.vi.2016, 8 ♂♂ and 6 ♀♀ FSLG at 21.29–22.03 CEST, together with ca. 10 spec. of Od. armiger and 7 spec. of Och. chrysomeloides, DJP, PKG and MSB obs. (see Table 1 for full data on the flights); 30.vi.2016, 2 ♂♂ and 3 ♀♀ FSLG at 21.38–22.48 CEST, MSB and FSB obs.; 1.vii.2016, 1 ♀ flying slowly up to 0.5 m above the ground at 21.35 CEST, together with 1 spec. of Od. armiger and 1 spec. of Och. chrysomeloides, DJP obs.; 21.vii.2016, 25 ♂♂ and 11 ♀♀, most individuals flying slowly, some relatively quickly, up to 0.5 m above the ground, 2 spec. flying quickly ca. 1–1.5 m above the ground, at 21.09–21.51 CEST, together with more spec. of Od. armiger and Och. chrysomeloides, DJP and MSB obs. (see Table 1 for full data on the flights); 22.vii.2016, 28 ♂♂ and 23 ♀♀ flying up to 0.5 m above the ground at 21.08–21.51 CEST, together with more spec. of Od. armiger and Och. chrysomeloides, DJP and MSB obs. (see Table 1 for full data on the flights); 23.vii.2016, 26 ♂♂ and 15 ♀♀ flying up to 1 m above the ground at 21.09–21.53 CEST, together with more spec. of Od. armiger and Och. chrysomeloides, DJP and MSB obs. (see Table 1 for full data on the flights); 24.vii.2016, 38 ♂♂ and 30 ♀♀ flying mostly up to 0.5 m above the ground at 21.08–21.49 CEST, together with more spec. of Od. armiger, DJP, DVB, FSB and MSB obs. (see Table 1 for full data on the flights); 25.vii.2016, 14 ♂♂ and 1 ♀ FSLG at 21.06–21.41 CEST, 22 °C, light rain, no wind, FSB and MSB obs. (see Table 1 for full data on the flights); 26.vii.2016, 2 ♂♂ FSLG at 21.08–21.10 CEST, 24 °C, dry, gentle persistent wind, MSB obs.; 29.vii.2016, 6 ♂♂ and 2 ♀♀ excavated from their burrows on a loess-sandy path crossing a steppe meadow, together with 1 spec. of Od. armiger and 3 spec. of Och. chrysomeloides, DJP obs., and 10 ♂♂ and 3 ♀♀ FSLG at 21.02–21.30 CEST, 22 °C, wet vegetation, no wind, MSB obs. (see Table 1 for full data on the flights); 30.vii.2016, 1 ♂ excavated from its burrow on a loess-sandy path crossing a steppe meadow, DJP obs., and 16 ♂♂ and 21 ♀♀ FSLG at 20.53–21.56 CEST, together with ca. 20 spec. of Od. armiger and ca. 10 spec. of Och. chrysomeloides, DJP and MSB obs. (see Table 1 for full data on the flights); 7.viii.2016, 1 ♂ and 1 ♀ excavated from its burrow on a loess-sandy path crossing a steppe meadow, DJP obs., and 16 ♂♂ and 13 ♀♀ FSLG at 20.46–21.16 CEST, together with ca. 10 spec. of Od. armiger, 17 °C, no wind, DJP and IMO obs. (see Table 1 for full data on the flights); 8.viii.2016, 26 ♂♂ and 20 ♀♀ FSLG at 20.45–21.25 CEST, together with ca. 15 spec. of Od. armiger and 2 spec. of Och. chrysomeloides, 17–14 °C, no wind, DJP, ITV, FTV, IMO and JKO obs. (see Table 1 for full data on the flights); 13.viii.2016, 32 ♂♂ and 19 ♀♀ flying slowly up to 0.5 m above the ground at 20.40–21.01 CEST, together with ca. 30 spec. of Od. armiger and 7 spec. of Och. chrysomeloides, 19 °C, no wind, DJP, ITV and FTV obs. (see Table 1 for full data on the flights); 14.viii.2016, 2 ♂♂ and 3 ♀♀ FSLG after sunset, together with 4 spec. of Od. armiger, 20 °C, no wind, MSB and VKS obs.; 4.vii.2020, 1 ♂ excavated from its burrow on the edge of a path, DJP obs., 6 spec. FSLG after sunset, together with 1 spec. of Od. armiger and 8 spec. of Och. chrysomeloides DJP and FSP obs.; 6.viii.2020, 6 spec. FSLG at 21.05–21.15 CEST, FSP, IMO, PMB and VZO obs.

7968: Rusovce – Záhrady, 48°3'20.614"N, 17°9'18.014"E, 140 m a.s.l., 6.vi.2020, 1 ♂ flying ca. 10–20 cm above the ground at 21.20 CEST, small forest-steppe clea­ring in the forest, SRB obs. + photo (DJP det.); Bratislava – Podunajské Biskupice, Kopáč Island, PR Kopáčsky ostrov, ca. 48°5'41.97"N, 17°9'43.14"E, 132 m a.s.l., 13.vi.2006, 1 ♀, Malaise trap, MOB leg., coll. VKS; 30.v.2016, 2 ♂♂, and 3 ♀♀ FSLG after sunset, together with ca. 15 spec. of Od. armiger, EJB and RHB obs.; 7.vi.2016, 1 spec. FSLG after sunset, MSB obs.; 23.vi.2016, 2 ♂♂ FSLG at 21.32 and 21.38 CEST, MSB obs.; 1.vii.2016, 2 ♂♂ FSLG at 21.27 and 21.43 CEST, MSB obs.; 19.vii.2016, 4 spec. FSLG after sunset, EJB and JKB obs.; 20.vii.2016, 7 spec. FSLG after sunset, EJB and JKB obs.; ca. 48°5'39.5"N, 17°9'42.3"E, and 48°5'43.8"N, 17°9'30.4"E, 14.viii.2016, 7 spec. FSLG after sunset, DJP, ITV and VKB obs.; ca. 48°5'45.8"N, 17°9'41.9"E, 19.v.2018, 1 ♂ and 1 ♀ FSLG after sunset, MRV and VMP obs.; 9.vi.2018, 7 ♂♂ and 9 ♀♀ FSLG after sunset, together with ca. 20 spec. of Od. armiger, JHP, MRV and VMP obs.; 14.vii.2018, 1 ♂ and 4 ♀♀ FSLG after sunset, JRC and MRV obs.

7869–7969: “Štefánikovce” [= Rovinka near Dunajská Lužná], ca. 130 m a.s.l., May 1949, tens of spec. observed during the day sitting on the tops of the grass blades above the water on a flooded steppe meadow (after the flood), Josef Marvan obs., 2 spec. (♂ and ♀) leg., coll. IMP.

7969: Bratislava – Čunovo, PR Ostrovné lúčky (Fig. 6C, D), 48°2'28.02"N, 17°10'33.41"E, 138–139 m a.s.l., 21.vi.2016, 2 ♀♀ FSLG at 21.42 and 21.45 CEST, AHB obs.; ca. 48°2'24.5"N, 17°10'30.14"E and ca. 48°2'23.77"N, 17°10'34.47"E, 25.vii.2016, 6 ♂♂ and 4 ♀♀ flying slowly up to 0.5 m above the ground at 21.10–21.37 CEST, together with 7 spec. of Od. armiger and 3 spec. of Och. chrysomeloides, DJP obs. (see Table 2 for full data on the flights); 29.vii.2016, 1 ♂ and 1 ♀ flying quickly and 1 ♂ flying slowly up to 0.5 m above the ground at 21.11–21.25 CEST, together with 1 spec. of Od. armiger and 2 spec. of Och. chrysomeloides, DJP obs. (see Table 2 for full data on the flights); Kalinkovo env., Kalinkovská lesostep (Fig. 6A, B), 48°3'39.82"N, 17°12'37.94"E, 130 m a.s.l., 22.vi.2016, numerous ca. 2–3 weeks old burrows with push-ups weathered down, DJP and AHB obs.; 27.vii.2016, 1 ♂ and 2 ♀♀ flying up to 1 m above the ground at 21.04–21.15 CEST, together with 1 spec. of Od. armiger, DJP obs. (see Table 3 for full data on the flights).

7272: Višňové, Čachtický hradný vrch hill, 22.v.1988, 1 ♂ dead on a forest-steppe slope, IPO leg., coll. DJP.

7572: Hlohovec env., Nová hora near Koplotovce, 48°28'24.98"N, 17°49'21.40"E, 260 m a.s.l., 12.iv.1988, 1 ♀, accidentally dug up while turning the soil in the garden, KPH leg., coll. VKS; Hlohovec env., Mlynárska hora near Koplotovce, 48°28'6.51"N, 17°49'29.04"E, 235 m a.s.l., 4.vi.2021, 1 ♀ at light at 21.10 CEST (= 27 minutes after sunset), TSH obs.

7772: Šoporňa, [ca. 122 m a.s.l.], July 1952, 1 ♂, Kotek leg., coll. MHKC.

7373: Modrovka, [ca. 170 m a.s.l.], 15.vii.1979, 1 ♀, Mrklovský leg., coll. Ladislav Bojčuk deposited in MHKC.

7074: Trenčín – Zlatovce [env.], June 1926, [Rudolf] Čepelák leg., 1 ♂ and 1 ♀ in coll. Josef Gottwald deposited in NHMB, 2 ♀♀ in coll. Paolo Luigioni deposited in MCZR, 1 ♂ in coll. Zdeněk Tesař deposited in SNMS, 1 ♂ in coll. MIZP; Trenčín – Zlatovce [env.], June 1926, 1 ♀, collector not specified, coll. TLMF; [Trenčín –] Zlatovce [env.], no other data, 2 ♀♀ in coll. Zdeněk Tesař deposited in SNMS; June 1931, L[adislav] Korbel leg., 1 ♂ in coll. JJP, 1 ♀ in coll. Ladislav Daněk deposited in MHKC; June 1935, 1 ♂ and 1 ♀ (ex coll. Johann Peter Wolf), “col. Kardasch” [= Gregor Kardasch leg.], coll. ETHZ.

7174: “Trencsen Ungarn” [= Hungary, Trenčín], undated, 1 ♂ and 1 ♀ (ex coll. Engelbert Pawlik) in coll. NMPC, 1 ♂ and 1 ♀ in coll. FMNH, 2 spec. in coll. ZSMG, 1 spec. in coll. MTDG, 2 ♀♀ (ex coll. P. Franck) in coll. MIZP, 1 ♀ (ex coll. † Richard Papperitz, Peutenhausen) in coll. SMNS; Trenčín, no other data, 3 spec. in coll. NHMW, 1 ♂ in coll. MNBG, 1 spec in coll. SZM; “Trencin Slow.” [= Slovakia, Trenčín], no other data, 1 ♀ in coll. Leopold Mader deposited in MNSA; “Trenčín, Tchécoslovaquie” [= Slovakia, Trenčín], undated, 1 ♂ and 1 ♀,“coll. J[oseph] Clermont”, coll. Jacques Baraud deposited in MNHN; “Slovakia Trenčín”, 2.vii.[year not specified], no other data, 1 ♀ in coll. MHKC; Trenčín, undated, [Rudolf] Čepelák [leg.], 6 ♂♂ and 5 ♀♀ in coll. Leopold Mader deposited in MNSA, 5 ♂♂ and 4 ♀♀ in coll. SNMS, 3 ♂♂ and 5 ♀♀ in coll. MHNG, 2 ♂♂ and 3 ♀♀ in coll. MNBG, 3 ♂♂ and 1 ♀ (ex coll. W. Liebmann, Arnstadt) in coll. SDEI, 2 ♂♂ and 2 ♀♀ in coll. Henri Coiffait deposited in MNHN, 3 ♂♂ and 1 ♀ (ex coll. Johann Peter Wolf) in coll. ETHZ, 3 ♂♂ and 1 ♀ in coll. MHKC, 2 ♂♂ (ex coll. Sten Stockmann) in coll. FMNH, 1 ♂ and 1 ♀ in coll. MIZP, 1 ♂ and 1 ♀ in coll. SMNS, 1 ♂ in coll. RBIN, 1 ♂ in coll. Ladislav Daněk deposited in MHKC, 1 ♀ in coll. Jacques Baraud deposited in MNHN, 1 ♂ in coll. Georg Frey deposited in NHMB, 1 ♂ and 1 ♀ in coll. Vladimír Zoufal deposited in MMBC, 1 ♀ in coll. Emil Jagemann deposited in MMBC, 2 spec. in coll. ZSMG, 1 ♂ (ex coll. Antonio Porta) in coll. MSNM, 1 spec. (head and pronotum missing) in coll. RMNH, 2 ♂♂ in coll. LEN, 1 ♂ in coll. DKC, 1 ♀ in coll. VKS; Trenčín, undated [most likely late 1920s/early 1930s], Z. Zeman leg., 1 ♀ in coll. SMNS, 1 ♂ in coll. VKS; Trenčín, undated, 1 ♂, V[ilém] Steidl [leg.], coll. MIZP; Trenčín, undated, [Ladislav] Krejcárek [leg.], 2 ♂♂ and 1 ♀ in coll. TMLS (see Kollár and Smetana 1994), 1 ♀ in coll. VKS; June 1925, 1 ♂, [Rudolf] Čepelák [leg.], coll. Jan Roubal deposited in SNMS; Trenčín, 16.vi.1928, 1 ♀, [Rudolf] Čepelák leg., coll. Jan Roubal deposited in SNMS; Trenčín, 18.vi.1929, [Ladislav] Korbel [leg.], 1 ♂ and 1 ♀ (ex coll. Dr J. B. Jörger, Masans bei Chur) in coll. NHMB, 1 ♂ in coll. FMNH; Trenčín, 1931, 3 ♂♂ and 3 ♀♀, [Rudolf] Čepelák [leg.], coll. Paolo Luigioni deposited in MCZR; Trenčín, May 1931, Dr A[lois] Richter leg., 1 ♀ in coll. NMPC, 1 ♀ in coll. MJMC; “Trencsin” [= Trenčín], undated, 1 spec., S. Kardasch [leg.], coll. SMNK; Trenčín, June 1935, 1 spec., G[regor] Kardasch [leg.], coll. SMNK; Trenčín, 1936, 2 spec., [Rudolf] Čepelák [leg.], coll. SMNK; Trenčín, June 1936, 1 ♂ and 1 ♀, [Rudolf] Čepelák [leg.], coll. VKS; Trenčín, July [19]36, 1 ♂ in coll. Jan Volák deposited in MHKC.

7274: [Považský Inovec Mts], Inovec [hill env.], 1 ♂, [Ladislav] Krejcárek [leg.], coll. Josef Gottwald deposited in NHMB.

7674: Nitra [env.], 1950, no other data, 1 ♂ in coll. MHKC.

8177: Štúrovo env., Belianské kopce hills, “Hegyfarok” [= Modrý vrch], 47°49'8.09"N, 18°39'32.4"E, ca. 150 m a.s.l., 20.viii.2005, 1 spec., at light after midnight, 1.ix.2005, 1 spec., at light after midnight, 14.vi.2006, 2 spec., at light, 15.vi.2006, 1 spec., at light, 15.vi.2007, 1 spec., at light, 29.vii.2008, 2 spec., at light, 30.vii.2008, 1 spec., VVO obs.; Modrý vrch, PR Vŕšok, 47°49'6"N, 18°39'33"E, ca. 150 m a.s.l., 22.v.2014, 1 ♂, at light, OSO obs.; 47°49'13.5"N, 18°39'21.5"E, ca. 195 m a.s.l., 4.vi.2015, 1 ♀ at UV light at 21.30–0.30 CEST and 1 ♀ at UV light (the same trap) at 1.15 CEST (5.vi.2015), OSO obs. (moreover ca. 50 spec. of Och. integriceps Semenov, 1891 in the light traps were observed); 6.vi.2015, 1 ♂ FSLG after sunset, anonymous observer from the Czech Republic obs. (moreover 1 spec. of Och. integriceps in the light trap was observed); 47°49'9.54"N, 18°39'26.4"E, ca. 170 m a.s.l., 27.v.2015, 1 spec. FSLG after sunset, and 1 spec. at light, two anonymous observers from the Czech Republic obs.

8078: Zalaba, 47°58'8.8"N, 18°42'29.2"E, ca. 150 m a.s.l., June 1975, 1 spec. crawling on the ground on a sandy slope sparsely covered with black locust trees (Robinia pseudoacacia) at ca. 19.00 CEST, JAH.

8178: Bajtava, 16.vi.2006, 1 spec., at light, VVO obs.; Kamenica nad Hronom, Čierna hora hill (Fig. 7A–C), ca. 47°50'15"N, 18°43'34"E, ca. 180–190 m a.s.l., 27.vi.2009, 1 ♂ FSLG at 21.36 CEST, together with 1 ♂ a 2 ♀♀ of Od. armiger, OSO obs.; 5.vi.2010, 1 ♀ FSLG at 21.35 CEST, PJL obs.; 6.vi.2010, 3 ♂♂ and 1 ♀ FSLG at 21:30–21:45 CEST, and 1 ♂ at light, JHL, OSO and RSP obs. (see Table 4 for full data on the flights); 7.vi.2010, 16 spec. FSLG at 21:23–21.55 CEST, JHL, PJL, OSO and RSP obs. (see Table 4 for full data on the flights); 11.vi.2010, 4 ♂♂ flying relatively quickly ca. 1 m above the ground after sunset, light breeze to gentle breeze, DJP obs.; 12.vi.2010, 1 ♂ and 1 ♀ FSLG after sunset, light air to light breeze, DJP obs.; 26.vi.2010, 3 ♂♂ FSLG after sunset, LKK and PJL obs.; 27.vi.2010, 6 ♂♂ and 4 ♀♀ FSLG after sunset, LKK, PJL and OSO obs.; 30.vi.2010, 7 spec. FSLG after sunset, two anonymous observers from the Czech Republic obs.; 4.viii.2011, 17 spec. flying very slowly ca. 20–100 cm above the ground at 20.50–21.20 CEST, DJP and PJL obs. (see Table 4 for full data on the flights); 5.viii.2011, 10 spec. FSLG at 20.50–21.10 CEST, DJP and PJL obs. (see Table 4 for full data on the flights); 6.viii.2011, 9 spec. FSLG at 20.40–21.00 CEST, DJP and PJL obs. (see Table 4 for full data on the flights); 9.viii.2011, 15 spec. FSLG at 20.45–21.05 CEST, DJP and IMO obs. (see Table 4 for full data on the flights); 11.viii.2011, 14 spec. FSLG at 20.40–21.05 CEST, DJP, RKP and DHP obs. (see Table 4 for full data on the flights); 12.viii.2011, 9 spec. FSLG at 20.40–21.05 CEST, DJP, ITV and PJL obs. (see Table 4 for full data on the flights); 13.viii.2011, 16 spec. FSLG at 20.30–21.05 CEST, DJP, ITV and PJL obs. (see Table 4 for full data on the flights); 16.viii.2011, 1 ♂ and 1 ♀ FSLG at 20.35–21.05 CEST, DJP and RKP obs. (see Table 4 for full data on the flights); 7.vi.2013, 13 ♂♂ and 9 ♀♀ FSLG at 21.20–21.45 CEST, together with 11 spec. of Och. integriceps, DJP, IMO and ZKM obs. (see Table 4 for full data on the flights); 8.vi.2013, 10 ♂♂ and 5 ♀♀ FSLG at 21.17–21.42 CEST, together with 3 spec. of Od. armiger and 12 spec. of Och. integriceps, DJP, IMO and ZKM obs. (see Table 4 for full data on the flights); 9.vi.2013, 3 spec. FSLG after sunset, IJN and VVO obs.; 12.vi.2013, 6 spec. excavated from their burrows, OSO obs. (Fig. 8B, D, E, F), and 15 spec. FSLG at 21.20–21.35 CEST, together with more spec. of Od. armiger, DJP, JZJ and OSO obs. (see Table 4 for full data on the flights); 13.vi.2013, 10 spec. excavated from their burrows under a small piles of pushed-up soil, OSO obs. (Fig. 8A), 1 spec flying ca. 1 m above the ground just before the sunset, VLP obs., and 9 spec. FSLG at 21.30–21.50 CEST, OSO, PJL, VLP and VKS obs.; 14.vi.2013, 4 spec. FSLG after sunset, DJP, DKP, LKM and VKS obs.; 15.vi.2013, ca. 490 m NNE of the hilltop of Čierna hora hill, 3 spec. FSLG at 21.30 CEST, DKP, VKS and ZKM obs., SW hillside of Čierna hora hill, 7 spec. FSLG at 21.20–21.45 CEST, two anonymous observers from the Czech Republic obs. (see Table 4 for full data on the flights); 15.vi.2013, 10 ♂♂ and 10 ♀♀ FSLG after sunset, BBO and BJO obs.; 19.vi.2013, 1 ♀ FSLG at 21.46 CEST, RMU and OSO obs.; 15.vi.2014, 1 ♀ FSLG after sunset, BBO; 17.vi.2014, 1 ♀ FSLG after sunset, BBO; 3.ix.2014, 1 ♀ excavated from its burrow (from a depth of ca. 10 cm) on a path, ONV obs., 5 ♂♂ and 3 ♀♀ flying ca. 30–100 cm above the ground at 19.52–20.07 CEST, together with 1 ♂ of Od. armiger, DJP and ONV obs. (see Table 4 for full data on the flights); 4.ix.2014, 3 ♂♂ and 1 ♀ excavated from their burrows (from a depth of ca. 10–25 cm) on a path, 8 ♂♂ and 5 ♀♀ FSLG at 19.51–20.16 CEST, together with 1 ♂ of Od. armiger, DJP and ONV obs. (see Table 4 for full data on the flights); 5.ix.2014, 1 ♂ excavated from its burrow (from a depth of ca. 8 cm) on the edge of a path, 2 ♂♂ and 2 ♀♀ flying ca. 30–80 cm above the ground at 19.47–20.04 CEST, together with 3 ♀♀ of Od. armiger, DJP and VKS obs. (see Table 4 for full data on the flights); 6.ix.2014, 1 ♂ and 4 ♀♀ excavated from their burrows (from a depth of ca. 10–25 cm) on a path and on a loess forest-steppe slope, DJP and VKS obs.; 9.ix.2014, 3 ♂♂ and 1 ♀ excavated from their burrows (from a depth of ca. 10 cm) on a path, DJP, JCM and IMO obs., 1 ♂ flying relatively quickly ca. 1 m above the ground at 19.43 CEST and 1 ♂ flying very slowly ca. 10 cm above the ground at 19.47 CEST, DJP and IMO obs. (see Table 4 for full data on the flights); 17.ix.2014, 2 ♀♀ excavated from their burrows (from a depth of ca. 10 cm) on a path, IMO obs.; 31.v.2015, 1 ♂ and 1 ♀ flying slowly 10–30 cm above the ground at 21.40–21.45 CEST, FTR obs.; 3.vi.2015, 1 ♂ excavated from its burrow on a loess forest-steppe slope, 1 ♀ flying slowly near the ground after sunset and 1 ♀ attracted to the light trap, APO obs.; 4.vi.2015, 1 ♂ excavated from its burrow on a loess forest-steppe slope, APO obs.; 5.vi.2015, 2 ♂♂ flying relatively quickly ca. 1 m above the ground at 21.22–21.27 CEST, together with 1 ♀ of Od. armiger and 1 spec. of Och. integriceps, DJP obs. (see Table 4 for full data on the flights); 6.vi.2015, 2 ♂♂ excavated from a single burrow (from a depth of ca. 12 cm) and 1 ♀ excavated from another burrow (from a depth of ca. 25 cm) on a path (loess forest-steppe slope), 1 ♂ (length of body 9.5 mm!) and 1 ♀ flying relatively quickly ca. 120 cm above the ground at 21.24–21.29 CEST, together with 4 ♀♀ of Od. armiger and 1 spec. of Och. integriceps, and 1 ♂ flying slowly 10–20 cm above the ground at 21.47 CEST, DJP obs. (see Table 4 for full data on the flights); 28.v.2016, 6 spec. FSLG at 21.05–21.10 CEST, two anonymous obser­vers from the Czech Republic obs. (see Table 4 for full data on the flights); 11.vi.2016, 2 ♂♂ and 3 ♀♀ FSLG at 21.20–21.40 CEST, JKP and VDP obs.; 47°50'4.038"N, 18°43'53.947"E, ca. 165 m a.s.l., 2.viii.2014, 1 ♂ FSLG at 21.15 CEST, RCR obs.; 47°50'9.08"N, 18°43'39.93"E, ca. 185 m a.s.l., 20.vi.2018, 4 ♂♂ and 2 ♀♀ FSLG after sunset (3 spec.) and at light (3 spec.), OSO obs.; Kamenica nad Hronom env., ca. 530 m NNE of the hilltop of Čierna hora hill, 47°50'26"N, 18°43'50.7"E, 180 m a.s.l., 30.v.2011, 1 ♀ FSLG after sunset, small steppe hillside near an oak forest, FSP obs.; Kováčov, [110 m a.s.l.], 8.viii.1965, 1 ♂, K[arel] Poláček leg., coll. MHKC; Chľaba, 11.vi.1985, 1 ♂ and 1 ♀ J. Hladný leg., coll. JZJ.

8178–8278: “Parkaň” [= Štúrovo], [ca. 110 m a.s.l.], 1934, no other data, 1 ♀ in coll. MHKC; 1940, no other data, 1 ♂ in coll. MHKC; Štúrovo, July 1967, 1 ♀, collector unknown, coll. ASH.

8179: Chľaba env., Močiar (the site near the confluence of the Danube and Ipeľ rivers), 47°49'14.53"N, 18°50'52.72"E, 110 m a.s.l., 12.vi.2014, 1 ♂ FSLG at 21.40 CEST, together with 2 ♀♀ of Od. armiger, OSO obs.

7785: Cerová vrchovina Mts, Hajnáčka – Buková env., ca. 48°13'51.39"N, 19°58'26.32"E, 1.vi.1978, 1 ♂ crawling on the ground in the afternoon in sunlight, IJN leg. [storage of the specimen unknown]; Cerová vrchovina Mts, Hajnáčka – Buková env., “circular pasture under vággon” [ca. 48°13'43.88"N, 19°58'15.53"E], 23.vi.1990, 1 ♀ flying at 21.28 CEST, JVP leg., ex original coll. JVP, currently in coll. NMPC; Hajnáčka – western edge of the village, 48°12'48.2"N, 19°56'52.1"E, ca. 275 m a.s.l., 7.vi.2010, 1 ♀ FSLG after sunset, together with more spec. of Od. armiger and Och. chrysomeloides, PVP obs.; 8.vi.2010, 1 spec. FSLG after sunset, together with more spec. of Od. armiger and Och. chrysomeloides, PVP obs.; Hajnáčka – Buková env., steppe hillside (former sheep pasture with low and sparse vegetation, near an oak forest), 48°13'37.24"N, 19°58'23.73"E, 340–390 m a.s.l., 27.v.2008, 5 ♀♀ FSLG at 21.10–21.35 CEST, 22 °C, no wind, together with 20 spec. of Od. armiger and 19 spec. of Och. chrysomeloides, DJP and FSP obs. (see Table 5 for full data on the flights); 28.v.2008, 1 ♀ FSLG at 21.20 CEST, 18 °C, light air – light breeze, together with 10 spec. of Od. armiger and 9 spec. of Och. chrysomeloides, FSP obs.; 29.v.2008, 1 newly hatched (light coloured) ♂ crawling on the T-shirt spread out on the ground near the edge of the forest, under an oak tree (Quercus cerris) at 19.55 CEST, 1 ♂ flying relatively quickly and zigzag ca. 1 m above the ground and 3 ♀♀ flying slowly ca. 0.5 m above the ground at 21.10–1.40 CEST, 21 °C, no wind to light air, together with 20 spec. of Od. armiger and 14 spec. of Och. chrysomeloides, DJP, KDO and PJL obs. (see Table 5 for full data on the flights); 30.v.2014, 1 ♂ FSLG at 21.10 CEST, 22 °C, almost no wind, together with 15 spec. of Od. armiger and 23 spec. of Och. chrysomeloides, DJP obs.; 28.vi.2009, 2 ♂♂ FSLG at 21.35 and 21.42 CEST, steppe hillside near an oak forest, together with 12 spec. of Od. armiger and 2 spec. of Och. chrysomeloides, OSO obs.; 29.vi.2009, 1 ♂ FSLG at 21.35 CEST, steppe hillside near an oak forest, together with 21 spec. of Od. armiger and 3 spec. of Och. chrysomeloides, OSO obs.; 4.vii.2009, 3 ♂♂ and 4 ♀♀ FSLG at 21.15–21.45 CEST, 22 °C, no wind, together with ca. 20 spec. of Od. armiger and ca. 15 spec. of Och. chrysomeloides, DJP and MBP obs. (see Table 5 for full data on the flights); 5.vii.2009, 1 ♂ and 2 ♀♀ FSLG at 21.15–21.30 CEST, 20 °C, no wind, together with ca. 10 spec. of Od. armiger and ca. 10 spec. of Och. chrysomeloides, DJP obs. (see Table 5 for full data on the flights); 6.vii.2009, 1 ♂ FSLG at 21:25 CEST, 21 °C, no wind, together with ca. 15 spec. of Od. armiger and ca. 10 spec. of Och. chrysomeloides, DJP obs.; 28.v.2010, 1 ♂ a 3 ♀♀ FSLG at 21.10–21.25 CEST, together with ca. 15 spec. of Od. armiger and ca. 25 spec. of Och. chrysomeloides, DJP obs. (see Table 5 for full data on the flights); 29.v.2010, 1 ♂ FSLG at 21.10 CEST, together with ca. 10 spec. of Od. armiger, DJP obs.; 7.vi.2010, 2 ♂♂ and 1 ♀ FSLG after sunset, FPT obs.; 48°13'30.26"N, 19°58'25.39"E, 305 m a.s.l., 20.vi.2020, 1 ♂ and 1 ♀ flying after sunset, JPH and TKH obs.; Hajnáčka, Tehliarske, 48°13'15.68"N, 19°57'45.57"E, ca. 270 m a.s.l., 8.viii.2014, 4 ♂♂ and 6 ♀♀ FSLG after sunset (ca. 21.07 CEST), RCR obs.; 8.vii.2015, 9 ♂♂ and 6 ♀♀ FSLG after sunset (ca. 21.11 CEST), RCR obs.; 29.vi.2017, 4 ♂♂ and 8 ♀♀ FSLG after sunset (ca. 21.07 CEST), RCR obs.; Hajnáčka, Lapos, 48°13'32.37"N, 19°57'50.58"E, ca. 350 m a.s.l., 24.vii.2020, 12 ♂♂ and 9 ♀♀ FSLG at 21.05–21.30 CEST, 15 °C, RCR obs.

7785–7885: Cerová vrchovina Mts, Gemerský Jablonec, 48°12'0.44"N, 19°59'24.31"E, 250–265 m a.s.l., steppe hillside with shrubbery of Prunus spinosa and Rosa canina on the hilltop, 4.vii.2009, 1 ♂ a 3 ♀♀ FSLG at 21.30–21.50 CEST, FPT and JPH obs. (see Table 6 for full data on the flights); 5.vii.2009, 3 ♂♂ a 1 ♀ FSLG at 21.30–21.50 CEST, FPT and JPH obesrv. (see Table 6 for full data on the flights); 28.v.2010, 1 ♂ and 3 ♀♀ FSLG at 21.00–21.15 CEST, ITV and MNB obs. (see Table 6 for full data on the flights); 29.v.2010, 1 ♂ and 1 ♀ FSLG after sunset, ITV and MNB obs.; 4.vi.2010, 1 ♂ FSLG at 21.30 CEST, together with 3 spec. of Od. armiger, ITV obs.; 8.vi.2010, 4 spec. FSLG after sunset, FPT and JPP obs.; 48°11'58.04"N, 19°59'23.71"E, 26.vi.2020, 1 spec. flying after sunset, JPH and TKH obs.; Gemerský Jablonec [env.], 5.vii.2013, 1 ♂ and 1 ♀, FPT leg., coll. GML.

7786: Cerová vrchovina Mts, Hostice – Katarínka env., 48°13'52.55"N, 20°5'0.82"E, 216 m a.s.l., small steppe hillside with rich low vegetation and shrubbery of Prunus spinosa, 6.vi.2010, 2 ♀♀, hovering on the spot ca. 20 cm above the ground at 21.15 and 21.30 CEST (25 spec. of Od. armiger and 4 spec. of Och. chrysomeloides were also observed at the site), DJP obs. (see Table 7 for full data on the flights); Cerová vrchovina Mts, Jestice env., 48°12'38.5"N, 20°03'07.3"E, 275 m a.s.l., 30.vi.2018, 1 ♂, 2.–3.vii.2018, 1 ♀, FPT and NKB leg., coll. GML; Jestice env., 48°12'54"N, 20°2'32"E, 6–7.vii.2019, 1 ♂ and 1 ♀ FSLG after sunset, JBB leg. (♀ in coll. IECA); Jestice – Kökényes, 48°12'45.84"N, 20°2'50.77"E, 250 m a.s.l., 23.vi.2020, 1 ♂ flying after sunset, ABC obs.; 6.vii.2020, 1 ♂ and 1 ♀ flying after sunset, ABC obs.; Jestice – Ivánkúta env., 48°12'30.9"N, 20°5'5.37"E, 254 m a.s.l., 7.vi.2015, 2 ♂♂ FSLG at 20.25 CEST, edge of an oak forest, RCR obs.

7489: Slovak Karst, “Rakaťa” [= Rakyta Cottage] env., 48°35'29.7"N, 20°34'01.45"E, ca. 540 m a.s.l., 5.vii.1988, 1 ♀ excavated from its burrow, DKP (for partial data on this record see Hillert et al. 2016).

7390: Slovak Karst, Hrhov, E of Okrúhle hill, 48°36'48.83"N, 20°47'22.98"E, ca. 395 m a.s.l., 4.vii.1988, 2 ♂♂ excavated from their burrows, DKP (for partial data on this record see Hillert et al. 2016); Slovak Karst, Hrhov, E of Okrúhle hill, 48°36'55.5"N, 20°47'27.3"E, ca. 430 m a.s.l., 28.v.2012, 1 ♂ drowned in a puddle on the path connecting two forest-steppe meadows, MHP obs.

Comment

Slovakia is the country with the largest number of individuals found, as well as with the second largest number of known localities where the species has been recorded (52 sites). In addition to the already known localities, Endrődi (1957) mentioned Fehér Kárpátok [= The White Carpathians Mts], which most likely refers to two old records north of Trenčín (Nemšová – Ľuborča and Bolešov – Piechov) reported by Brancsik (1899, 1905), Laczó (1905), and Laco (1928). Most of the recent records are summarised by Juřena et al. (2008). New records from 26 Slovak localities are given in the present study. For the distribution of the species in Slovakia see Fig. 9.

Published data

“Gallia”, no other data (Panzer 1802).

“Alsace”, no other data (Bedel 1911; Portevin 1931; Horion 1951; Peslier 2004; Callot 2018).

Grand Est, Bas-Rhin, Strasbourg, ca. 140 m a.s.l., “in coll. Dr Puton – Jules Bourgeois pers. comm.”, no other data (Scherdlin 1915; Sainte-Claire Deville 1936; Paulian 1941; 1959 Tesař 1957; Horion 1958; Paulian and Baraud 1982; Gangloff 1991; Brustel and Gouix 2012); Haut-Rhin, Colmar, ca. 195 m a.s.l., 25.vi.1967, 1 ♂, flew through the open window attracted by light, Schlatter leg. (Gangloff 1991; Brustel and Gouix 2012); Haut-Rhin, Mulhouse, no other data (Kampmann 1860; Knörzer 1912, Schaufuss 1916; Paulian 1941, 1959; Paulian and Baraud 1982), 1 ♂, undated, [Hans W.] Kesenheimer leg. (Scherdlin 1915; Gangloff 1991; Brustel and Gouix 2012), Haut-Rhin, Mulhouse – Dornach, ca. 250 m a.s.l., no other data, Klein leg. (Scherdlin 1920; Sainte-Claire Deville 1936; Paulian 1941, 1959; Horion 1958; Paulian and Baraud 1982), August (year not specified), 1 spec., collector unknown, coll. [Édouard] Klinzig (Gangloff 1991; Brustel and Gouix 2012); Haut-Rhin, Mulhouse – Tannenwald, ca. 300 m a.s.l., undated, several spec. excavated from their burrows, Oscar Koechlin leg. (Bourgeois 1904; Knörzer 1912; Huber 1916; Sainte-Claire Deville 1936; Paulian 1941, 1959; Horion 1958; Paulian and Baraud 1982); Haut-Rhin, Riedisheim, ca. 280 m a.s.l., July 1912, 2 spec., collector not specified (Sainte-Claire Deville 1936; Horion 1958), 15.vi.1949, 1 spec., [Édouard] Klinzig leg. (Gangloff 1991; Brustel and Gouix 2012); Haut-Rhin, Baldersheim, ca. 230 m a.s.l., 26.viii.1951, 4 spec., Burglin leg., coll. [Édouard] Klinzig (Gangloff 1991; Brustel and Gouix 2012).

? Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, Savoie, Albertville, 19^th century, no other data, 1 ♂ and 1 ♀ in coll. Perroud deposited in MNHN (Brustel and Gouix 2012; according to Denis Keith pers. comm., 2020, this record is dubious – see also the comment below).

Material examined

? “S. Frankreich” [= south of France], 1 ♂ and 1 ♀, “Coll. C. Felsche, Kauf 20, 1918”, coll. MTDG [locality probably mistaken].

Grand Est, “Alsatia” [= Alsace], no other data, 1 ♂ in coll. Antoine Boucomont deposited in MNHN; Bas-Rhin, Strasbourg, [ca. 140 m a.s.l.], no other data, 1 ♂ in coll. MHNG (cf. Scherdlin 1915; Sainte-Claire Deville 1936; Paulian 1941, 1959; Tesař 1957; Horion 1958; Paulian and Baraud 1982); Haut-Rhin, Mulhouse – Dornach, [ca. 250 m a.s.l.], August [year not specified], 1 ♂, coll. MZSF (see Gangloff 1991); Haut-Rhin, Riedisheim, [ca. 280 m a.s.l.], 15.vi.1949, 1 ♂, [Édouard] Klinzig [leg.], coll. MZSF (cf. Gangloff 1991); Haut-Rhin, Baldersheim, ca. 230 m a.s.l., 26.vii.1951, 2 ♀♀, collector not specified [probably Burglin leg. – see Gangloff 1991], coll. MZSF.

? Occitanie, “Francia, Montpellier”, 1918, 1 ♀, Lavagne [leg.], coll. Paolo Luigioni deposited in MCZR [locality probably mistaken].

Comment

For France, B. unicornis was first recorded by Panzer (1802) without precise data. Up to now, it is reliably known only from Alsace, with the last record from Colmar in 1967 (Gangloff 1991). Brustel and Gouix (2012) reported two specimens from the 19^th century from the Savoy Prealps (Albertville), which, according to Denis Keith (pers. comm.), is dubious and probably based on mislabelled material. The site (a mountainous area) does not meet the known requirements of the species and its occurrence here seems to be highly improbable. The same applies to the Mont Cenis specimen from the Abeille de Perrin’s collection in the MNHN.

Published data

Baden-Württemberg, Markgräflerland, Neuenburg am Rhein – Grißheim, “Grißheimer Trockenaue”, [ca. 47°52'18.3"N, 7°33'55.5"E, ca. 210 m a.s.l.], 2.vi.1967, 1 ♂, at light, Hans Messmer leg., photo + coll. Richard Disch (Brechtel et al. 1995; Krell 1998; Bense et al. 2000; Frank and Konzelmann 2002; Petersen et al. 2006).

Bavaria (Bayern), “Bavaria”, no other data (Panzer 1793a, 1795); “Bayern”, no other data (Reitter 1909; Kuhnt 1912; Huber 1916; Horion 1951; Geiser 1984); “Bavaria”, no other data, 1 ♂ (ex original coll. Rudolf Veselý) in coll. NMPC (Hillert et al. 2016); Unterfranken, Aschaffenburg – Strietwald, ca. 130 m a.s.l., 1830, more spec., Dr Hoffmann leg. (Oechsner 1854; Kittel 1879; Ihssen 1935; Horion 1951, 1957, 1958) – note: Fröhlich (1897) and Knörzer (1912) consider record from Aschaffenburg to be doubtful; Oberbayern, Neuburg an der Donau – Bergheim, ca. 380 m a.s.l., 9.vii.1946, 1 spec. and 20.vii.1954, 1 spec., Rudolf Müller leg., coll. NMAG (Jungwirt 2005, 2012); ? Oberbayern, Ingolstadt, September 1892, 1 spec. K[arl] Daniel leg. (Horion 1957, 1958; Jungwirt 2005; see Material examined and new observations below).

Material examined and new observations

“Germ.” [= Germany], no other data, 1 ♂ and 1 ♀ in coll. ZINR, 1 ♀ in coll. Karel Mazura deposited in MMBC.

“Germania” [= Germany], no other data, 1 ♂ in coll. Georg Frey deposited in NHMB, 1 ♂ in coll. Ladislav Bojčuk deposited in MHKC, 1 ♂ in coll. NHMD.

“Germania mer.”, no other data, 1 spec in coll. ZSMG.

Baden-Württemberg, Bruchsal – Untergrombach, Michaelsberg and Habichtsbuckel Nature Reserve, ca. 49°5'32"N, 8°34'13"E, 200–220 m a.s.l., 3.vii.2021, 1 ♀, light trap, FTK and TBK obs., 4.vii.–5.viii.2021, 17 ♂♂ and 11 ♀♀ FSLG after sunset, together with more spec. of Od. armiger and Och. chrysomeloides, FTK and TBK obs. (5 spec. leg., coll. FTK, TBK and SMNK) – these records will be published with additional details at a later date (Florian Theves and Torsten Bittner pers. comm., 2021).

Bavaria (Bayern), Upper Bavaria (Oberbayern), Ingolstadt, [ca. 370 m a.s.l.], 9.ix.[18]92, 1 spec. Dr K[arl] Daniel [leg.], “Fundortverwechslung” [= locality mistaken], coll. ZSMG (see Horion 1957, 1958; Jungwirt 2005); ? Oberbayern, “Holzapfelkr.” [= Holzapfelkreuth, former manor on the western outskirts of Munich], [ca. 550 m a.s.l.], 12.x.[19]12, H[ans] Kulzer [leg.], “Fundortverwechslung” [= locality mistaken], coll. ZSMG.

Comment

In addition to old records from the late 18^th and the first half of the 19^th centuries from Bavaria, only one record from Baden from 1967 and two records from Bavaria in 1946 and 1954 were known from Germany. Daniel’s specimen from Ingolstadt and Kulzer’s specimen from Munich are questionable because they bear the labels added later of “Fundortverwechslung” (= locality mistaken). The new records presented from Baden represent the first known data on the species’ occurrence in Germany after 54 years (see also Fig. 10A, B).

Published data

Basel-Stadt (Kanton Basel-Stadt), Basel, undated, 1 spec., Ed. Bernoulli leg. (Heer 1841; Stierlin and Gautard 1867; Stierlin 1900; Huber 1916; Brustel and Gouix 2012).

? Republic and Canton of Ticino (Repubblica e Cantone Ticino), no other data, Villa [leg.] (Heer 1841; Stierlin and Gautard 1867; Stierlin 1900); given that the canton of Ticino is mountainous, this record does not seem credible (see Habitat pre­ferences in this study).

Material examined

Canton of Zürich (Kanton Zürich), “Tigurini” [= Zürich], undated, 2 ♀♀, collector unknown, “Mus. Drews.” [= Musaeum Drewseni, = ex coll. Christian Drewsen (1799–1896)], coll. NHMD (Fig. 11).

Comment

The two old records from Basel and Canton of Ticino were later considered questionable for the absence of any subsequent sightings (Allenspach 1970). Both editions of the Catalogue of Palaearctic Coleoptera (Král et al. 2006; Nikolajev et al. 2016) list Switzerland for B. unicornis probably on the basis of these records. Bolbelasmus unicornis is no longer included in the very recent checklist of Scarabaeoidea of Switzerland (Cosandey et al. 2017). The two specimens from Zürich deposited in NHMD confirm the historical occurrence of the species in the country.

Published data

“Italia”, no other data (Panzer 1802).

“Italia borealis”, no other data (Cristofori and Jan 1832).

Piedmont (Piemonte), no other data (Marseul 1857; Jacquelin du Val 1863; Baudi di Selve 1889; Bertolini 1899a; Bedel 1911; Luigioni 1929; Porta 1932; Horion 1958; Arnone and Massa 2010; Brustel and Gouix 2012; Carpaneto et al. 2021), 2 spec., no other data (Costa 1864), 3 ♂♂ and 1 ♀, [19^th century], [Vittore] Ghiliani leg., coll. MSNG, 1 ♂, [19^th century], “ex coll. Demarchi”, [Flaminio] Baudi [di Selve] [leg.], coll. MSNG, 1 ♂ with no other data in coll. NMPC (Arnone and Massa 2010; Ballerio et al. 2014; Hillert et al. 2016; data from MSNG specified and supplemented by Roberto Poggi pers. comm., 2021), 1 ♂, [Flaminio] Baudi [di Selve] [leg.], and 1 ♂, L. Carrara [leg.], no other data, coll. MNFI (Arnone and Massa 2010; Hillert et al. 2016); Torino env., cattle pastures, date not specified, 2 spec. flying after sunset, together with Od. armiger and Och. chrysomeloides, Vittore Ghiliani leg. (Ghiliani 1847, 1887); Torino env., June 1845, 1 spec. on the bank of the Po River after a flood, Vittore Ghiliani leg. (Ghiliani 1847, 1887); Torino, 1 spec., no other data (Horion 1958; Barbero and Cavallo 1999); Torino, alluvial materials of the Po river, ca. 230 m a.s.l., 2 spec., no other data, coll. A. Gagliardi deposited in MFSN (Barbero and Cavallo 1999; information on the storage of these specimens supplemented by Enrico Barbero pers. comm., 2021); Provincia di Cuneo, Montelupo Albese, 24.v.1978, 1 ♂, collector not specified, coll. MCAS (Barbero and Cavallo 1999; Carpaneto et al. 2016; information on the storage of this specimen specified by Enrico Barbero pers. comm., 2021); Provincia di Alessandria, Lerma, 21^st century, no other data (Carpaneto et al. 2016; Glerean and Stefani 2019); Provincia di Novara, Bellinzago Novarese, Caserma Valentino Babini env., ca. 45°33'4"N, 8°39'59"E, ca. 185 m a.s.l., 1982–1989, number of spec. not specified, Roberto Pescarolo leg. et det. (Pescarolo 1990).

Lombardy (Lombardia), no other data, (Bertolini 1872, 1899a; Luigioni 1929; Porta 1932; Horion 1958; Brustel and Gouix 2012; Carpaneto et al. 2021); “Milano” [= Milan], [ca. 120 m a.s.l.], [19^th century], 1 ♂ and 1 ♀, “ex coll. A[chille] Griffini”, no other data, coll. MSNG (Arnone and Massa 2010; Hillert et al. 2016; data specified by Roberto Poggi pers. comm., 2021).

Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol, “Tirol” [= probably Südtirol], [Stefano de] Bertolini leg. (Gredler 1863), Südtirol, no other data (Horion 1958); Provincia autonoma di Trento, Trento env., [ca. 190 m a.s.l.], September 1868, 1 [♂], plant materials alluviated by the flooded Adige River, together with Od. armiger, Stefano de Bertolini leg. (Bertolini 1871, 1874; note: in the first paper from 1871, Bertolini did not include B. unicornis in the list of identified species, but he added it in his later article from 1874) – this specimen, labelled “92", is still in the Bertolini’s collection deposited in MUSE; ? Provincia autonoma di Trento, Torcegno env., “in the mountains above Torcegno”, undated, 3 spec., together with Od. armiger, [Giovanni] Costesso leg., coll. Stefano de Bertolini (Bertolini 1891, 1899b) – this record seems improbable due to the very high altitude (ca. 1000–2300 m) of the area (cf. Habitat preferences in this study); Provincia autonoma di Bolzano, “Bozen Boden” [an urban area of Bolzano in the east of the city], [ca. 260 m a.s.l.], undated, 1 spec., coll. Vinzenz Maria Gredler (Gredler 1863; Peez and Kahlen 1977; Kahlen 2018; note: in the Gredler’s collection deposited in FGBI, the space for “Bolb. quadridens” in the box is empty – Daniel Lorenz pers. comm., 2021; in MSNB there are no specimens of B. unicornis – Petra Kranebitter pers. comm., 2021); Venezia Tridentina, no other data (Luigioni 1929; Porta 1932); Trentino, no other data (Arnone and Massa 2010; Brustel and Gouix 2012).

Veneto, no other data, (Bertolini 1872, 1899a; Luigioni 1929; Porta 1932; Horion 1958; Arnone and Massa 2010; Brustel and Gouix 2012).

Friuli Venezia Giulia, Provincia di Pordenone, Magredi del Cellina, Cordenons env., ca. 116 m a.s.l., 8.ix.2018, 1 ♂ and 1 ♀, dead on a path, 9.ix.2018, 1 ♂ and 1 ♀ in flight at 20.10–20.30 CEST (air temperature 21.5 °C, humidity 81%), 1 ♀ at actinic light at 21.15 CEST (air temperature 20 °C, humidity 96%), 10.ix.2018, 1 ♂ in flight at 20.15 CEST (air temperature 19 °C, humidity 78%), 12.x.2018, 1 ♀ in flight at 20.00 CEST, 15.v.2019, 1 ♂ and 1 ♀ in flight at 21.15 CEST (air temperature 14 °C, humidity 75%), 16.v.2019, 2 ♂♂ and 1 ♀ in flight at 21.00–21.15 CEST (air temperature 17 °C), 1 ♀ crawling on the ground at 21.20 CEST, 24.v.2019, 5 ♂♂ in flight at 21.20–21.35 CEST (air temperature 20 °C, humidity 70%), 26.v.2019, 1 ♂ in flight at 21.20–21.35 CEST (air temperature 20 °C, humidity 70%), 1.vi.2019, 1 ♂ and 2 ♀♀, in flight at 21.40 CEST (air temperature 20 °C, humidity 80%), 6.vi.2019, 2 ♂♂ and 1 ♀, in flight at 21.00–21.20 CEST (air temperature 22 °C, humidity 80%), 7.vi.2019, 2 ♂♂ in flight at 21.35 CEST (air temperature 22 °C, humidity 50%), Paolo Glerean and Gabriele Stefani obs. (Glerean and Stefani 2019; for flight statistics see Table 9); Provincia di Udine, Pasian di Prato, Biotopo prati del Lavia, ca. 90 m a.s.l., 15.–31.v.2005, 1 ♀, pitfall trap, Pietro Zandigiacomo leg. (Zandigiacomo 2005; Lapini et al. 2013).

Tuscany (Toscana), no other data, coll. Dr L[ucas] von Heyden (Heyden 1884); 1 spec. with no other data (Horion 1958); 1 ♀ with no other data in coll. OHS (Hillert et al. 2016).

Material examined and new observations

“Ital.” [= Italy], no other data, 1 ♀ in coll. MNBG.

“Italia borealis”, 1 ♂, “ex coll. [Achille] Griffini”, no other data, coll. MSNG.

“Italien” [= Italy], “coll. [Gustav] Kraatz”, no other data, 2 ♂♂ and 5 ♀♀ in coll. SDEI.

“Italia”, undated, 1 ♂ and 1 ♀ (ex coll. Alexander Fry), coll. NHML.

“Italia, Sella [it is not clear whether it is a geographical name or the name of a person]”, no other data, 1 ♂ in coll. SDEI.

Piedmont (Piemonte), “Pedem.”, [= Pedemontium, currently Piedmont], no other data, 1 ♂ in coll. RBIN; “Pedemt.” [= Piedmont], no other data, 3 ♂♂ and 1 ♀ in coll. Maurice Pic deposited in MNHN; “Pedemont.” [= Piedmont], no other data, 1 ♂ and 1 ♀ (ex coll. Christian Drewsen) in coll. NHMD, 1 ♂ (ex coll. Carl Gustaf Thomson) in coll. MZLU, 1 spec. in coll. NHMW; “Pedemont.” [= Piedmont], undated, L[éon Marc Herminie] Fairm[aire] [leg.], 1 ♂ and 1 ♀ (ex coll. Fredrik Wilhelm Mäklin) in coll. FMNH; “Alp. Pedemont.” [= Alpes Pedemontium], undated, 2 ♂♂ and 1 ♀, [Vittore] Ghiliani [leg.], coll. NHMD; “Piémont” [= Piedmont], undated, 1 ♂ in coll. Elzéar Abeille de Perrin deposited in MNHN, 1 ♀ in coll. Antoine Boucomont deposited in MNHN, 1 ♀ in coll. Jacques Baraud deposited in MNHN, 1 ♂ in coll. NMPC, 1 ♀, in coll. Alfonz Gspan deposited in PMSL, 1 ♂ (ex coll. Giacomo Doria, ex coll. Edward Bonney Nevinson) in coll. NHML; “Piemont” [= Piedmont], no other data, 1 ♂ and 1 ♀ in coll. MNBG, 1 ♂ and 1 ♀ in coll. RBIN; “Piemont” [= Piedmont], “coll. Rottenberg”, 1 ♀ in coll. SDEI; “Piemont” [= Piedmont], “coll. [Carl] Felsche”, 1 spec. in coll. MTDG; “Piemonte” [= Piedmont], “colezz. Alzona” [= coll. Alzona], 1 ♀ in coll. MSNM; Città metropolitana di Torino, Rivarossa, [ca. 285 m a.s.l.], no other data, 1 ♀ in coll. Leopold Mader deposited in MNSA; “Turin” [= Torino], no other data, 1 ♂ and 2 ♀♀ in coll. Sylvain Augustin de Marseul deposited in MNHN, 1 ♂ and 1 ♀ in coll. NHMD, 1 spec. in coll. ZSMG; Torino, 25.vii.[year not specified], no other data, 1 ♂ in coll. Georg Frey deposited in NHMB; Torino, “alluvioni Po” [= alluvial materials of the Po river], ca. 230 m a.s.l., 1871, 1 ♀, L. Fea leg., coll. MSNG; Torino, no other data, 1 ♂ in coll. FMNH, 1 spec. in coll. NHMW; Borgofranco d’Ivrea, [ca. 250 m a.s.l.], undated, 1 ♂, L. Demarchi leg., coll. MSNG; Provincia di Alessandria, Lerma, ca. 300 m a.s.l., May 1995, 1 ♂, in the morning accidentally dug up from the soil in the orchard; 8.iv.2014, 1 ♂, in the morning accidentally dug up from the soil in the orchard; 4.v.2014, 1 ♂ in the morning on the ground and 1 ♀ at UV light at 21.30 CEST, after several days of rain; 11.v.2014, 1 ♀, accidentally dug up from the soil in the garden at 16.00 CEST; 3.viii.2014, 1 ♀ flying around the light at 21.30 CEST; 16.v.2015, 1 ♂, at UV light at 21.30 CEST, rain in the morning and the day before, very wet, 17 °C; 17.v.2015, 1 ♂, at UV light at 21.15 CEST, wet, 17 °C; 20.vi.2015, 1 ♀, at UV light at 22.00 CEST, heavy rainfall in previous days, vegetation and soil heavily saturated with water, 17 °C; 21.vi.2015, 1 ♀, at UV light at 22.00, wet, 17 °C; 29.vi.2015, 1 ♀, at UV light at 21.50 CEST, 23 °C, LRL obs. (see Glerean et al. 2021).

Lombardy (Lombardia), Provincia di Varese, Casorate Sempione, ca. 280 m a.s.l., October 1958, 1 ♂, at light, A. Bilardo leg., ex original coll. Giovanni Mariani, currently deposited in coll. RPM (for partial data on this record see Ballerio 2008 and Ballerio et al. 2014). Note: Zilioli and Pittino (2004) reported that in 2000 Riccardo Pittino unsuccessfully attempted to rediscover the species at this locality.

Comment

In the collection of Zdeněk Tesař deposited in SNMS, there is one specimen with the locality “Tirolis”, which may refer to the territory of South Tyrol (today Trentino-Alto Adige). Records from Sicily (Baraud 1977; Paulian and Baraud 1982; Carpaneto and Piattella 1995; Sparacio 1995; Barbero and Cavallo 1999; Martín-Piera and López-Colón 2000; Agoglitta et al. 2006; Trnka 2009; Arnone 2010; Alonso-Zarazaga et al. 2013; Schoolmeesters 2019; Nuß and Jäger 2020) refer to Bolbelasmus vaulogeri (Abeille de Perrin, 1898) (see Arnone and Massa 2010 and Hillert et al. 2016). Benasso’s record from Luint, Friuli-Venezia Giulia (Benasso 1971) is apparently based on a misidentified specimen of Bolbocerosoma sp. (bearing an erroneous locality label), which is evident both from the drawing of the specimen and from its description; in addition, this specimen was allegedly lost (Paolo Glerean pers. comm., 2020). This study presents new records from the third known locality with a recent occurrence of the species in Italy (Lerma).

Published data

Mazovian Voivodeship (Województwo mazowieckie), Warsaw – Saska Kępa, 80–85 m a.s.l., undated, 2 spec., Antoni Waga leg. (Hildt 1896; Tenenbaum 1923; Kubicka 1981; Szwałko 2004; Byk et al. 2012, 2016).

Opole Voivodeship (Województwo opolskie), Opole County, Złotniki, ca. 155 m a.s.l., undated, 1 ♀, Ludwik Fryderyk Hildt leg. (Hildt 1896; Szwałko 2004; Byk et al. 2016).

Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship (Województwo świętokrzyskie), Kielce County, Chęciny, 1 spec., no other data, (Tenenbaum 1923; Szwałko 2004; Bidas 2012; Byk et al. 2012, 2016; for details on this record see Material examined below); Ostrowiec County, Skarbka, 9.viii.1973, 1 ♂, dug up from the soil on a meadow, A. Liana, coll. MIZP (Stebnicka 1976; Szwałko 2004; Byk et al. 2016); Sandomierz County, Góry Pieprzowe Nature Reserve, ca. 150 m a.s.l., 28.vi.2001, 1 ♀, at light, KPL (Bunalski et al. 2013).

Lublin Voivodeship (Województwo lubelskie), Lublin env., no other data, Baumgarten leg. (Hildt 1896; Szwałko 2004; Byk et al. 2016).

Material examined

Lesser Poland Voivodeship (Województwo małopolskie), Wadowice County (Po­wiat wadowicki), “Wadowice, Hal.” [= Hałyczyna or Galicja (Galicia), Wadowice, ca. 250–300 m a.s.l.], 1 ♀, undated, Smolik [leg.], DJP det., coll. NMBE.

Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship (Województwo świętokrzyskie), Kielce County, “Góry Stokrzyskie [env.], Gałęzice, [Mt.] Góra Ostrówka” [currently the Ostrówka quarry, ca. 50°50'11.94"N, 20°24'46.38"E, ca. 250 m a.s.l.], July 1921, 1 ♂, J. Czarnocki [leg.], “Polonia, [coll.] Sz[ymon] Tenenbaum”, coll. MIZP (for incomplete data on this record see Tenenbaum 1923; Szwałko 2004; Byk et al. 2012, 2016).

Comment

From Poland, only six records were known, which are summarised and specified by Byk et al. (2016). The last Polish record is from 2001 from the Góry Pieprzowe Nature Reserve (Bunalski et al. 2013). This study presents a previously unpublished historical record from Wadowice.

Published data

Upper Austria (Oberösterreich), Linz, Scharlinz, ca. 250 m a.s.l., 25.v.1936, 1 ♂, [Johann] Wirthumer leg., coll. BZLA (Mitter 2000; Schwarz 2008; sex specified by Martin Schwarz pers. comm., 2022); Linz, Weikerlsee, ca. 250 m a.s.l., 10.vii.1955, 1 ♂ and 3 ♀♀, after the flood, [Hermann] Haider leg., coll. BZLA (Mitter 2000; Schwarz 2008; sexes specified by Martin Schwarz pers. comm., 2022); Linz – Ebelsberg, bank of the Traun river, 10.vii.1954, 9 spec., F. Linzinger leg., 4 spec. in coll. HMS, 5 spec. [3 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀] in coll. BZLA, Linz env., undated, 2 spec. [1 ♂ and 1 ♀], [Emil] Munganast leg., coll. BZLA (Franz 1974; Mitter 2000; Schwarz 2008; sexes specified by Martin Schwarz pers. comm., 2022); Steyregg, ca. 250 m a.s.l., 1 ♀ with no other data, coll. BZLA (Franz 1974; Mitter 2000; Schwarz 2008; sex specified by Martin Schwarz pers. comm., 2022); bank of the Danube river between the villages of Steyregg and Pulgarn, driftwood, no other data (Dalla Torre 1879; Schwarz 2008); Saxen an der Donau, 21^st century, no other data (Paill and Mairhuber 2012; Gimpl et al. 2020).

Lower Austria (Niederösterreich), no other data (Panzer 1793b; Sturm 1805); Mühling, ca. 260 m a.s.l., no other data, Arthur Schatzmayr leg. (Schatzmayr 1936; Benasso 1971); Schauboden env., Hochrieß, ca. 370 m a.s.l., end of July 1955, 1 ♂, F. X. Seidl leg., Rudolf Petrovitz det. et coll. (Ressl and Kust 2010); Melk, undated, 2 spec., [Josef] Breit leg. (Horion 1958; Franz 1974); Mödling env., Eichkogel hill., ca. 330 m a.s.l., no other data (Franz 1974; Schmölzer 1989); Weidling bei Wien, no other data (Duftschmid 1805); Wienerwald, Weidlingbach, undated, 2 spec., [Josef] Breit leg. (Horion 1958; Franz 1974); [Vienna env.,] “Donau-Auen”, undated, 3 spec., [Franz] Blühweiss leg. (Pittioni 1943; Horion 1958); Donau-Auen National Park, Orth an der Donau env., 48°7'59.87N, 16°42'20.56"E, 145 m a.s.l., 6.–8.vii.1997, 1 ♀, plant materials alluviated by flooded Danube river, PZW obs. + photo (Paill 2007; coordinates specified by PZW pers. comm., 2009); Groß-Enzersdorf – Mühlleiten env., 48°10'34"N, 16°33'6.6"E, 159 m a.s.l., 24.vi.2019, 1 ♂ flying up to 0.5 m above the ground at 21.40 CEST, meadow adjacent to the forest, 22 °C, gentle breeze, ADW obs. + photo (Dostal 2019; Dostal and Barries 2019; Dostal et al. 2021b); Leitha Mts, Mannersdorf am Leithagebirge env., July 1900, 1 ♀ and October 1912, 1 ♀, in a forest clearing, Molitor leg. (Horion 1958; Franz 1974); Oberweiden, Sandberge Oberweiden Nature Reserve, 48°17'15.4"N, 16°49'38.5"E, ca. 155 m a.s.l., 23.viii.2019, 1 ♀ perching motionless on a path at 19.00 CEST, 25 °C, DRW and SRL leg., det et coll. (Rabl et al. 2019); Marchegg, ca. 135 m a.s.l., no other data (Franz 1974).

Vienna (Wien), no other data, coll. Dr Lucas von Heyden (Heyden 1884); no other data, (Dobiasch 1911); “Umg. Wien” [= Vienna env.], undated, 1 ♀, Ad[olf] Hoffmann [leg.], coll. ZFMK (Hillert et al. 2016); Vienna, Danube inundation area, 17.vii.1906, 3 spec., collector nor specified (Franz 1936, 1974); Vienna XXI [– Floridsdorf], August 1948, 12 spec., plant materials alluviated by flooded Danube river, [Harald] Schweiger leg. (Horion 1958); Vienna – Floridsdorf, ca. 155 m a.s.l., June 1949, 1 spec., at light in the garden, Harald Schweiger leg. (Schweiger 1951; Horion 1958; Franz 1974); Vienna env., Kahlenberg hill, no other data (Franz 1974); Vienna – Donaustadt, Fuchshäufel, 48°11'45.5"N, 16°28'57.9"E, 160 m a.s.l., 26.vi.2019, 1 ♂ flying up to 0.5 m above the ground at 21.55 CEST, 25 °C, no wind, WBW and ADW leg. + photo (Dostal 2019; Dostal et al. 2021a, b); Vienna – Donaustadt, Müllergraben, ca. 48°11'24.6"N, 16°30'42.4"E, 150 m a.s.l., 21.vi.2019, 1 spec., pitfall trap with vinegar, KFW leg. (Dostal 2019; Dostal et al. 2021a, b); Vienna – Donaustadt, Schusterau, 48°10'33.7"N, 16°32'54.7"E, 163 m a.s.l., 25.vi.2019, 1 ♀ flying up to 0.5 m above the ground at 21.50 CEST, 24 °C, no wind, WBW and ADW leg. + photo (Dostal 2019; Dostal et al. 2021a, b); Donau-Auen National Park, Untere Lobau, W of Kreuzgrund [= Lausgrund], ca. 48°9'34.52"N, 16°31'42.94"E, 152 m a.s.l., 15.vi.–9.vii.2006, 1 ♀, pitfall trap, Wolfgang Paill obs. (Paill 2007; Dostal et al. 2021b); Vienna – Donaustadt, Kreuzgrund, 48°9'36"N, 16°32'42"E, 160 m a.s.l., 12.vi.2019, one burrow, ADW and ADW obs.+ photo (Dostal 2019; Dostal et al. 2021a, b).

Burgenland, shore of Neusiedler See, plant materials amassed by flood water, seve­ral times (according to Sturm), with no further details (Petrovitz 1956); Winden am See, foot of the Zeilerberg mountain, ca. 200 m a.s.l., 3.vi.1981, 1 spec., at light, Gerhard Rößler leg. (Rößler 1989); Günser Gebirge, Rechnitz env., area of Geschriebenstein, no other data, Alfonz Freh leg. (Kaszab 1937; Horion 1958; Franz 1974); Jois env., steppe meadows north of the town, [ca. 220 m a.s.l.], 11.viii.2021, 1 ♂ flying up to 0.5 m above the ground and 1 ♀ in light trap, 21 °C, no wind, ADW and WBW obs. (Dostal and Barries 2021).

Carinthia (Kärnten), Villach, Teufelsgraben, 1 spec. with no other data (Holdhaus and Prossen 1901; Horion 1958; Paill and Mairhuber 2006); Villach env., undated, 1 spec., Arthur Schatzmayr leg. (Prossen 1913; Schatzmayr 1936; Horion 1958; Benasso 1971; Paill and Mairhuber 2006).

Styria (Steiermark), Grazer Bergland, Hörgas [near Gratwein-Straßengel], undated, 1 ♂ [10.6 mm], G[ustav] Wallaberger Sr. leg., coll. UMJG (Horion 1958; Franz 1974; Holzer 2019; sex specified by the author); Leutschach, Glanzer Klapotetzstraße 74 (Biohof Gunczy), 46°39'17.518"N, 15°31'18.03"E, ca. 370 m a.s.l., 8.ix.2018, 1 ♀, at light (flew through the open window), J. Gunczy obs., photo Gernot Kunz (Holzer 2019).

Material examined

“Styria” [= Duchy of Styria, a territory that included the modern Austrian state of Styria and the Slovenian region of Lower Styria], 1858, 1 ♂, [Eduard Albert] Bielz [leg.], coll. BNMS.

Lower Austria (Niederösterreich), “Nied. Oesterr.” [= Niederösterreich], no other data, 1 ♂ in coll. NMBE; Melk, undated, 23 spec. in coll. NHMW, 1 ♂ and 1 ♀ (ex original coll. Josef Breit, Vienna) in coll. Georg Frey deposited in NHMB, 1 ♂ (ex original coll. Rudolf Petrovitz) in coll. MHNG (cf. Horion 1958 and Franz 1974); Wachau, no other data, 1 spec. in coll. NHMW; Wienerwald, Weidlingbach, undated, 2 ♂♂ (ex original coll. Josef Breit, Vienna) in coll. Georg Frey deposited in NHMB (cf. Horion 1958 and Franz 1974); “Umg. Wien” [= Vienna env.], Wienerwald, 1 spec. in coll. NHMW; “Blumau, Steinfeld” [= Blumau near Neurißhof], [ca. 250 m a.s.l.], undated, 1 ♂ (ex original coll. Rudolf Petrovitz) in coll. MHNG; [Vienna env.,] “Donau-Auen”, undated, 1 ♂ and 1 ♀, F[ranz] Blühweiss leg., 1 ♂ and 1 ♀, Fr. Reiss leg., ex original coll. Rudolf Petrovitz, currently in coll. MHNG; [Vienna env.,] Donauauen, no other data, 1 ♀ in coll. TLMF, 10 spec. in coll. NHMW; [Vienna env.,] Donauauen, undated, 1 ♀, F[ranz] Blühweiss [leg.], coll. MNBG; “Marchfeld, Oberweiden”, no other data, 1 ♀ in coll. MNBG; Oberweiden, Steppe [= steppe], 7.viii.1959, 1 ♀, J[osef] Gusenleitner leg., coll. BZLA.

Vienna (Wien), “Wien” [= Vienna], no other data, 2 ♀♀ in coll. Vladimír Zoufal deposited in MMBC, 1 spec. in coll. MTDG, 1 ♀ in coll. BZLA; “Wien” [= Vienna], undated, 1 ♂, J[osef] Moser leg., coll. BZLA; “Vienne” [= Vienna], no other data, 1 ♂ and 1 ♀ in coll. Albert Sicard deposited in MNHN; “Wien Umg.,” [= Vienna env.], no other data, 1 ♂ in coll. Leopold Mader deposited in MNSA; “Wien, Umgebg.” [= Vienna env.], undated, 1 ♀, F. Schade [leg.], coll. Jaroslav Matoušek deposited in MMBC; “Wien Umgebgebung”, undated, 2 ♂♂, A[dolf] Hoffmann leg., coll. TLMF; “Umg. Wien” [= Vienna env.], undated, Ad[olf] Hoffmann [leg.], 1 ♀ (ex coll. P. Franck) in coll. MIZP, 1 ♂ in coll. SMNS, 1 ♀ in coll. Alfonz Gspan deposited in PMSL; “Hochwasser bei Wien” [= flood near Vienna], no other data, 1 ♀ (ex coll. Adolf Hoffmann) in coll. Jan Roubal deposited in SNMS; Vienna, Donau [= Danube river], Hochwasser [= flood], undated, 1 ♂ (ex original coll. Rudolf Petrovitz) in coll. MHNG; Vienna, “Donauüberschwemmung” [= flooded Danube river], September 1920, 1 spec., R. F. Lang [leg.], coll. NHMW; Vienna env., undated, 1 ♀, Carl Mandl [leg.], coll. Georg Frey deposited in NHMB; Vienna env., undated, 1 ♂, Matuschka [leg.], ex original coll. Josef Breit (Vienna), currently in coll. Georg Frey deposited in NHMB; Vienna, “Inundationsgebiet” [= inundation area of the Danube river], undated, 3 spec. (ex original coll. Herbert Franz) in coll. NHMW, 1 ♂ (ex original coll. Josef Breit, Vienna) in coll. Georg Frey deposited in NHMB; Vienna, Prater, no other data, 1 spec. in coll. NHMW.

Comment

In Austria, this species is known from six of the nine Austrian states. A recent attempt to rediscover the species at suitable sites along the Traun River in Upper Austria (Link et al. 2011) was unsuccessful, probably due to the use of inappropriate collecting methods and ignorance of the species’ bionomy. This study presents previously unpublished older data from three Austrian localities.

Published data

Western Transdanubia (Nyugat-Dunántúl), Vas County, “Molna-Szecsőd” [= Molnaszecsőd], 10.vi. [turn of the 19^th and 20^th century], ca. 180 m a.s.l., 1 spec. inside the digestive system of Cuculus canorus, Ernő Csiki obs. (Csiki 1904); Vas County, Kőszegi-hegység, no other data (Endrődi 1957); Zala County, Nova, ca. 190 m a.s.l., no other data (Endrődi 1957).

Central Transdanubia (Közép-Dunántúl), Komárom-Esztergom County, “Szőny” [a part of the current Komárom city], 6.viii.1901, 2 spec. inside the digestive system of Upupa epops, Ernő Csiki obs. (Csiki 1905); Komárom-Esztergom County, “Ószőny” [= Szőny, the part of the current Komárom city], ca. 105 m a.s.l., no other data (Endrődi 1957); Komárom-Esztergom County, Esztergom, 1 ♂, Sebő Endrődi leg., coll. HNHM (Endrődi 1957; Nádai 2006; sex specified by VKS pers. comm., 2020); Komárom-Esztergom County, Csolnok, no other data (Endrődi 1957), 28.v.1898, 1 ♂, Zahradka leg., coll. HNHM (Nádai 2006; sex specified by VKS pers. comm., 2020); Oroszlány env., Majkpuszta, Majki-hegy, 14.vi.1997, 1 ♀, at light. CKZ (Kutasi 2002; Nádai 2006; Eichardt and Kutasi 2011); Fejér County, Velence – Kisvelence, ca. 115 m a.s.l., July 1940, 1 ♀, Rudolf Lenczy leg., coll. HNHM (Nádai 2006; sex specified by VKS pers. comm., 2020); Fejér County, Adony, no other data (Endrődi 1957), 1 ♂, undated, Viktor Stiller leg., coll. HNHM (Nádai 2006; sex specified by VKS pers. comm., 2020).

Southern Transdanubia (Dél-Dunántúl), Somogy County, Fonyód, ca. 140 m a.s.l., undated, 1 ♂, Viktor Stiller leg., coll. HNHM (Endrődi 1957; Nádai 2006; sex specified by VKS pers. comm., 2020); Somogy County, Ordacsehi, Csehi-berek, 21.vii.2004, György Rozner leg. (Nádai 2006); Somogy County, Kaposvár, no other data (Endrődi 1957), 8.vii.1931, 1 ♂, Miklós Nattán leg., coll. HNHM (Hillert et al. 2016), 22.v.1951, 1 ♂, 3.vi.1951, 1 ♂, 4.vii.1951, 1 ♂, 31.vii.1958, 1 ♂, 19.v.1960, 1 ♀, Miklós Nattán leg., coll. HNHM (Nádai 2006; sex specified by VKS pers. comm., 2020); Somogy County, Balatonföldvár, no other data (Endrődi 1957); Somogy County, Nagyberény, 1937, 1 ♂, Ferenc Lichtneckert leg., coll. HNHM (Nádai 2006; sex specified by VKS pers. comm., 2020); Somogy County, Balatonvilágos – Balatonaliga, 1.viii.1980, collector unknown, 1 spec. in coll. HNHM (Nádai 2006; data specified by OMB pers. comm., 2020); Somogy County, Szenna, 9.vi.1998, György Rozner leg. (Rozner 2001; Nádai 2006); Tolna County, Gyulaj, 1 ♂, 1952, Jenő Győrffy leg., coll. HNHM (Nádai 2006; sex specified by VKS pers. comm., 2020); Tolna County, Hőgyész, 46°30'38"N, 18°25'55"E, 24.vii.1994, 1 spec. at light, collector not specified (Nádai 2006; coordinates specified by SBP, pers comm. 2021); Tolna County, Bátaapáti env., Nagy-mórágyi-völgy [valley], Quercetum, 15.vii.2004, 1 ♀, OMB leg., coll. HNHM (Nádai 2006; Hillert et al. 2016); Tolna County, Bonyhád, ca. 140 m a.s.l., 8.vii.1938, 1 spec., Nándor Vámos leg., coll. ZUDH (Enyedi 2006); Baranya County, Szigetvár, ca. 120 m a.s.l., no other data (Endrődi 1957), 1.vi.1909, remains of 1 spec., Ottó Mihók leg., coll. HNHM (Nádai 2006; data specified by VKS pers. comm., 2020); Baranya County, Sellye, finding in truffle (Tuber sp.), no other data (Merkl 2014); Baranya County, Pécs, no other data, (Viertl 1894; Kuthy 1898; Endrődi 1957), 1 ♂, undated, Ferenc Ehmann leg., coll. HNHM (Nádai 2006; sex specified by VKS pers. comm., 2020); Baranya County, “Szabolcs” [= Pécs – Szabolcs or Mecsekszabolcs] env., “Szarvasnóta”, ca. 46°8'8"N, 18°15'46"E, beginning of June 1880, 1 ♂ and 1 ♀, the female was digging a hole into the ground at the edge of a fo­rest footpath like Copris, and it seemed that the male was helping her with this work, Dr Ernő Kaufmann leg. (Kaufmann 1897, 1914a, b); Baranya County, Abaliget, 1978, no other data (Nádai 2006); Baranya County, Villányi-hegység Mts, Csukma-hegy hill, 5.v.1972, 1 spec. at light (mercury-vapor lamp), Ákos Uherkovich leg. (Horvatovich 1980; Sár and Horvatovich 2000; Nádai 2006).

Central Hungary (Közép-Magyarország), Veszprém County, Pápa env., no other data (Wachsmann 1907; Endrődi 1957), 1893, 1 ♀, Ferenc Wachsmann leg., coll. HNHM (Nádai 2006; sex specified by VKS pers. comm., 2020), June 1895, 1 ♀, Fe­renc Wachsmann leg., coll. HNHM (Rozner 1984; Nádai 2006; sex specified by VKS pers. comm., 2020); Veszprém County, Balatonalmádi, 5.ix.1940, 1 ♂, Ernő Csiki leg., coll. HNHM (Rozner 1984; Nádai 2006; sex specified by VKS pers. comm., 2020); Veszprém County, Vászoly env., Öreg-hegy, 250–290 m a.s.l., 3.vii.1999, 1 spec., IRB leg. (Nádai 2006; data specified by OMB pers. comm., 2020); Veszprém County, Paloznak 17.viii.1961, Frigyes Novák leg., coll. HNHM (Rozner 1984; Nádai 2006); Veszprém County, Berhida, undated, 1 ♀, Rudolf Lenczy leg., coll. HNHM (Rozner 1984; Nádai 2006; sex specified by VKS pers. comm., 2020); Pest County, Buda hills (Budai-hegység), no other data (Frivaldszky I. 1865; Frivaldszky J. 1879a, b; Endrődi 1957); Pest County, Buda Hills, Hármashatárhegy [env.], [47°32'50.21"N, 19°0'18.77"E, ca. 390 m a.s.l.], 31.v.2004, 1 ♂, caught after sunset with a net attached to the roof of a moving car, OMB leg., coll. HNHM (Hillert et al. 2016; data specified by OMB pers. comm., 2020); Pest County, “Kis-Szent-Miklós” or “Őrszentmiklós” [= Őrbottyán – Őrszentmiklós], 1876, dry oak forest on the hill, 1 spec. on the ground in the grass in the evening (localised thanks to audible stridulation), Karoly Sajó leg. (Sajó 1881, 1897, 1910a, b), 1880s, more spec., sons of Karoly Sajó leg. (Sajó 1897, 1910b); Pest County, Sződliget, 16.vi.2005, 1 spec., Tamás Hácz leg. (Nádai 2006; data specified by OMB pers. comm., 2020); Pest County, Pilis hegység, no other data (Endrődi 1957); Pest County, Pilis hegység, Szentendre env., undated, 1 ♀, Hugó Die­ner leg., coll. HNHM (Nádai 2006; sex specified by VKS pers. comm., 2020); Pest County, Szigetszentmiklós, 6.vi.1954, 1 ♀, Miklós Nattán leg., coll. HNHM (Nádai 2006; sex specified by VKS pers. comm., 2020); Pest County, Dabas, no other data (Frivaldszky 1865; Kuthy 1898; Endrődi 1957); Pest County, Dabas – Gyón env., [47°9'6.08"N, 19°18'6.84"E, ca. 100 m a.s.l.], 20.v.2012, 1 spec., at light, SIB leg. (Merkl and Szénási 2018; coordinates specified by OMB pers. comm., 2020); Pest County, Táborfalva env., shooting and training area, [47°5'52"N, 19°23'26"E, 118 m a.s.l.], 11.vii.2012, 1 spec., at light, SIB obs. (Merkl and Szénási 2018; coordinates specified by SBP pers. comm., 2021); Pest County, Gödöllő env., no other data (Pétsch and Szénási 2019); Pest County, Gödöllő env., Valkó, 22.vii.1992, 1 spec., clearing in an oak forest, László Köteles leg. (Köteles and Bakonyi 1996; Nádai 2006); Pest County, Gödöllő – Máriabesnyő, no other data (Endrődi 1957), 31.v.1912, 1 ♂, István Gurányi leg., coll. HNHM (Nádai 2006; sex specified by VKS pers. comm., 2020); Pest County, Gödöllő, 55 Erdőszél Street, [47°36'11.3"N, 19°23'23.6"E, 250 m a.s.l.], 2005, no other data, VSI leg., (Nádai 2006); Pest County, Gödöllő env., Faház-tető hill, no other data, VSI leg., (Nádai 2006); Pest County, Pécel, no other data (Kuthy 1898; Endrődi 1957; Pétsch and Szénási 2019), 1 ♀, undated, István Peregi leg., coll. HNHM (Nádai 2006; sex specified by VKS pers. comm., 2020); 47°29'11.48"N, 19°23'19.52"E, 3.vi.1972, 1 spec., IRB leg. (Nádai 2006; data specified by OMB pers. comm., 2020); Pest County, Isaszeg, no other data (Endrődi 1957; Pétsch and Szénási 2019); 29.v.1909, 1 ♂, 2.vi.1909, 1 ♂, Ottó Mihók leg., coll. HNHM (Nádai 2006; corrections and sex specified by VKS pers. comm., 2020); 1908, 1 ♀, 1909, 1 ♀, June 1917, 1 ♂, Hugó Diener leg., coll. HNHM (Nádai 2006; corrected and sex specified by VKS pers. comm., 2020); June 1929, 1 spec., Hugó Diener leg., coll. HNHM (Nádai 2006); 2008, 1 ♀, collector not specified, coll. HNHM (Hillert et al. 2016); June 2013, more spec. FSLG after sunset, TNB obs. + photo (Németh 2013); Pest County, Isaszeg, 29 Erdő Street, [47°31'23.412"N, 19°23'33.87"E, 210 m a.s.l.], 2005, VSI leg. (Nádai 2006); Pest County, Kistarcsa env., no other data (Pétsch and Szénási 2019); Pest County, Kerepes env., no other data (Pétsch and Szénási 2019); Pest County, Domony env., no other data (Pétsch and Szénási 2019); Pest County, Csévharaszt, [47°18'26"N, 19°26'26"E, 127 m a.s.l.], 14–15.viii.2001, 3 ♂♂ and 1 ♀, pitfall traps with ethylene glycol and at light, GSB leg., coll. HNHM (Nádai 2006; Szél and Kutasi 2011; Hillert et al. 2016; data specified by VKS pers. comm., 2020, and SBP pers. comm., 2021), 17.vi.2002, 1 spec., at light, SIB obs., 19.vi.2004, 1 spec., at light, SIB obs., 29.v.2005, 1 spec., at light, SIB obs. (Nádai 2006; Szél and Kutasi 2011; data specified by OMB pers. comm., 2020); Pest County, Biatorbágy, 27.vi.1999, 1 ♂, at light, AGB leg., coll. HNHM (Nádai 2006, Hillert et al. 2016; data specified by VKS pers. comm., 2020); Pest County, Nagykovácsi env., Julianna-major, 10.vi.1985, 1 spec., at light, 18.vii.1985, 1 spec., at light, Dezső Szalóki leg. (Nádai 2006); Pest County, Budakeszi, 28.v.1991, on Glomus macrocarpum, no other data (Bratek et al. 1992); Pest County, Budakeszi env., Hosszú-dűlő, 200 m a.s.l., 5.vi.1991, 2 ♀♀, on Glomus macrocarpum, Cynodonto-Festucetum, LAB leg. coll. HNHM (Nádai 2006; data specified by VKS pers. comm., 2020), 8.vi.1991, 2 ♀♀, on Glomus macrocarpum, Cynodonto-Festucetum, LAB leg., coll. HNHM (Nádai 2006; Hillert et al. 2016); Pest County, Budakeszi env., airport, 5.vi.1991, 1 ♀, LNB (Nádai 2006); Pest County, “Nógrádverőce” [= Verőce], Borbély-hegy hill, 1 ♂, summer 1916, municipal forest, Sebő Endrődi leg., coll. HNHM (Endrődi 1957, 1979; Nádai 2006; sex specified by VKS pers. comm., 2020); Buda [currently western part of Budapest], “Graberl” [a historical excursion destination in the Buda surroundings], 13.v.1798 (!), 1 spec., Tóbiás Koy leg. (Horváth 1884; this record is a quotation from the unpublished diary of János Boehm, the pioneer of Hungarian entomology); Budapest, no other data (Kuthy 1898); Budapest, 22.v.1930, no other data, Hugó Diener leg. (Nádai 2006); Budapest – Hűserbiavösvölgy, 9.vi.1939, 1 ♀, József Stahulják leg., coll. HNHM (Nádai 2006; sex specified by VKS pers. comm., 2020); Budapest env., Kamaraerdő, 25.iv.1920, 1 ♂ and 30.v.1922, 1 ♀, Hugó Diener leg., coll. HNHM (Nádai 2006; data specified by VKS pers. comm., 2020); [Budapest –] Rákos, no other data (Frivaldszky 1879a, b); Budapest – Budafok, no other data (Endrődi 1957), 1 ♂ with no other data, coll. HNHM (Nádai 2006; sex specified by VKS pers. comm., 2020); Budapest – Cinkota, no other data (Endrődi 1957), July 1907, 1 ♀, Kálmán Szombathy leg., coll. HNHM (Nádai 2006; sex specified by VKS pers. comm., 2020); Budapest – Mártonhegy, 17.iii.1949, 1 ♂, József Szőcs leg., coll. HNHM (Nádai 2006; Hillert et al. 2016); Budapest – Békásmegyer, 27.vi.1954, 1 spec., 29.vi.1954, 1 spec. and 1.vii.1954, 1 spec., Attila Podlussány leg., coll. MMGH (Nádai 2006; Enyedi and Ádám 2009); Budapest – Normafa, 9.vi.1967, 1 spec., Kálmán Gaskó leg. (Nádai 2006; data specified by OMB pers. comm., 2020); Budapest – Nagytétény, undated, 1 ♂, Sebő Endrődi leg., coll. HNHM (Endrődi 1957; Nádai 2006); Budapest – Ördög-orom, 2.vi.1959, 1 spec., Kálmán Gaskó leg. (Nádai 2006; data specified by OMB pers. comm., 2020); Budapest – Rákosszentmihály, 15.viii.1930, 1 ♂, at light, Jenő Győrffy leg., coll. HNHM (Nádai 2006; data specified by VKS pers. comm., 2020); Budapest – Szépvölgy, 23.vi.1975, OMB leg. (Nádai 2006); “Pest“ [currently eastern part of Budapest], no other data, 1 ♀ in coll. NMEG (Hillert et al. 2016).

Southern Great Plain (Dél-Alföld), Csongrád-Csanád County, Szeged – Kiskundorozsma env., Nagyszék, 16.–23.vi.1989, 1 spec., pitfall trap with ethylene glycol, Béla Gaskó leg., coll. MMSH (Nádai 2006; Gaskó 2008); Békés County, Bélmegyer env., Fáspuszta, 46°53'42.19"N, 21°11'8.55"E, 1967, 1 spec., at light, no other data (Merkl et al. 2014; Merkl 2015; details specified by TDS pers. comm., 2021); Békés County, Dombegyház env., Trianon border mound, 46°18'17.54"N, 21°8'43.38"E, 99 m a.s.l., 9.vi.2013, 1 ♂, pitfall trap on a narrow strip of grass with loess soil, TDS and TDB leg., coll. HNHM (Merkl et al. 2014; details specified by TDS pers. comm., 2021); Bács-Kiskun County, “Peszér” [= Kunpeszér] env., no other data (Frivaldszky 1865; Endrődi 1957); Bács-Kiskun County, Csávoly, 10.vi.1999, 1 spec., at light, collector not specified (Nádai 2006; Merkl 2015).

Northern Hungary (Észak-Magyarország), Heves County, Mátra Mts, Galyatető, 10.vii.1959, Sándor Szabó leg. (Nádai 2006); Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén County, Agg­telek National Park, Jósvafő env., 48°29'46"N, 20°33'53"E, 300 m a.s.l., 8.vii.1980, 1 spec., Iván Gyulai leg. (Nádai 2006; data specified by OMB pers. comm., 2020 and SBP pers. comm., 2021).

Northern Great Plain (Észak-Alföld), Hajdú-Bihar County, “Debreczen” [= Debrecen] env., ca. 1860–1880, 1 spec., József Török leg. (Török 1882); Hajdú-Bihar County, Debrecen, 10.vii.1958, 2 spec., Imre Tatár leg., coll. ZUDH (Enyedi 2006); Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg County, “Szabolcs vármegye” [= Szabolcs County], no other data (Szlabóczky and Borbás 1900).

Material examined and new observations

Western Transdanubia (Nyugat-Dunántúl), Győr-Moson-Sopron County, Győr – Likócs env., ca. 47°42'52.5"N, 17°41'45"E, 2019, 115 m a.s.l., pitfall traps, no other data (see unpublished report for the Fertő-Hanság National Park Directorate, Anonymus 2019); Győr – Győrszentiván env., 47°42'42.17"N, 17°46'25.05"E and 47°42'51.18"N, 17°46'40.77"E, 110 m a.s.l., 10.vi.2016, 5 spec., pitfall traps, CSS and PKB leg. [storage of the specimens not specified]; 47°42'51.04"N, 17°46'40.24"E, 112 m a.s.l., 25.v.2019, 1 ♂, pitfall trap, CSS and PKB leg. [storage of the specimen not specified].

Central Transdanubia (Közép-Dunántúl), Fejér County, Csór, ca. 150 m a.s.l., 21.v.2014, 1 ♀, at light on a steppe, MPK leg., coll. DCO; 28.v.2016, 1 ♂, at light, DVZ obs.; Fejér County, Csákberény, Bucka hill, 47°20'51.65"N, 18°21'35.32"E, 230 m a.s.l., 11.vi.1987, 1 spec., at light, CSB obs.; Fejér County, Gánt env., Köves-völgy [valley], 47°24'19.94"N, 18°22'47.67"E, 280 m a.s.l., 14.vi.2019, 1 ♀ flying after sunset, VSI obs.; Fejér County, Nagykarácsony, 46°52'49.4"N, 18°43'27.1"E, 150 m a.s.l., 2.vi.2021, 2 ♂♂ and 1 ♀ FSLG after sunset, 17–18 °C, light breeze, TDS obs.; Fejér County, Adony env., 47°5'17.2"N, 18°49'10.3"E, 120 m a.s.l., 1.vi.2021, 10 spec. FSLG after sunset, 11–15 °C, no wind, TDB and TDS obs.; Komárom-Esztergom County, Környe, no other data, 1 ♂ in coll. RBIN; Komárom-Esztergom County, Esztergom env., Kis-Strázsa-hegy hill, 47°44'59.210"N, 18°44'35.07"E, 210 m a.s.l., 23.iv.2006, 1 spec., at light (mercury-vapor lamp), VPB; Komárom-Esztergom County, Kesztölc env., 47°43'13.4"N, 18°47'43.3"E, 17.x.2014, 260 m a.s.l., 1 ♀ excavated from its burrow from a depth of 60 cm, loess steppe with abundant occurrence of Lethrus apterus (Laxmann, 1770), TVP (for incomplete data on this record see Hillert et al. 2016); Komárom-Esztergom County, Máriahalom env., Siklóernyő-hegy hill, 47°37'38.57"N, 18°41'20.38"E, 214 m a.s.l., 11.vi.2019, 1 ♂ and 1 ♀ flying after sunset, VSI obs. (♂ in coll. HNHM); Komárom Esztergom County, Máriahalom env., 47°37'28.3"N, 18°41'21.68"E, 190 m a.s.l., 31.vii.2020, 1 ♀, at light, BKL obs. + photo (DJP det.); Veszprém County, Nagyvázsony env., 47°1'40.73"N, 17°42'38.62"E, 315 m a.s.l., 12.vi.2009, 1 ♀ flying ca. 10 cm above the ground after sunset, KLP; 16.vi.2016, 3 ♂♂ FSLG after sunset, JHH, JPP, JSU MSZ, MPV and PIL obs.; Veszprém County, Vászoly env., Öreg-hegy, 250–290 m a.s.l., 3.vii.1999, 1 spec., IRB leg., coll. SZM; Veszprém County, Örvényes, 46°55'8.3"N, 17°48'26.07"E, 150 m a.s.l., 16.vi.2019, 1 ♀ flying after sunset, forest pasture, VSI obs.; Veszprém County, Felsőörs, Öreg-hegy, 47°0'57.59"N, 17°58'52.72"E, 214 m a.s.l., 7.viii.2018, 1 ♂, dead near the light in a garden, FKD obs. + photo (DJP det.); Veszprém County, Bakony Mts, Litér, [ca. 200 m a.s.l.], 14.vii.2014, 1 ♀, IRB leg., coll. GML.

Southern Transdanubia (Dél-Dunántúl), Somogy County, Balatonendréd, 46°50'52"N, 17°59'18"E, 174 m a.s.l., 11.v.1989, 1 ♀ excavated from its burrow together with 1 ♂ of Od. armiger, VRH; Somogy County, Ságvár, Jaba-völgy [valley], 46°49'28.29"N, 18°2'32.93"E, 180 m a.s.l., 25.ix.2017, 1 ♀ crawling on the ground, PFS obs. + photo (DJP det.); Somogy County, Balatonvilágos – Balatonaliga, 10.vi.1983, 1 spec., at light, SIB obs.; Baranya County, Zselic Mts, Mozsgó, ca. 150 m a.s.l., 27.vii.2017, 1 ♂, at light, MRM; Baranya County, Drávaszabolcs, 4/c Köztársaság tér Street, 45°48'20.95"N, 18°12'43.74"E, 91 m a.s.l., 28.vi.2020, 1 ♀ dead under the lamp, JST; Baranya County, Villányi-hegység Mts, Nagyharsány env., Szársomlyó hill, ca. 145 m a.s.l., 22.v.1977, 1 ♂, at light., AUP; Baranya County, Erdősmecske, ca. 240 m a.s.l., 18.viii.2012, 1 spec., 31.vii.2016, 1 spec., 27.v.2017, 1 spec., REE obs.

Central Hungary (Közép-Magyarország), Pest County, Zsámbék, June 2016, 1 ♀, students of Department of Zoology, Charles University, Prague leg., coll. DKP deposited in NMPC; Pest County, Biatorbágy, 47°27'54.501"N, 18°51'0.515"E, ca. 190 m a.s.l., 24.vii.2021, 1 ♂, at light, GAB obs. + photo (DJP det.); Pest County, Nagymaros env., Rigó-hegy hill, 47°46'31.63"N, 18°56'11.65"E, ca. 300 m a.s.l., 21.iv.2019, 1 ♂, night sweeping, TNB leg., coll. HNHM; Pest County, Szentendre – Izbég env., 47°41'47.61"N, 19°1'40.06"E, 195 m a.s.l., 9.vi.2014, 1 spec., at light (mercury-vapor lamp), GBP and APE obs.; Pest County, Pócsmegyer env., 47°43'44.5"N, 19°6'25.7"E, 110 m a.s.l., 11.viii.2006, 1 spec., 20.vi.2008, 1 spec., 18.vi.2010, 1 spec., pitfall traps without attractant, SBP and ZBP leg., 16.ix.2014, 1 ♀, pitfall trap, SBP leg. [storage of the specimens unspecified]; Pest County, Pomáz env., Szamár-hegy hill, 47°39'28.7"N, 18°58'43.06"E, ca. 185 m a.s.l., 2.vii.2019, 1 ♂ flying after sunset, VSI obs.; Pest County, Pomáz, Majdánpola, 47°38'27.7"N, 19°0'18.61"E, 190 m a.s.l., 1.viii.2019, 1 ♂ at light (mercury-vapor lamp), SIB obs., 1 m FSLG after sunset, VSI leg., coll. HNHM; Pest County, Budakeszi env., Hosszú-dűlő, 200 m a.s.l., 5.vi.1991, 2 ♂♂ and 1 ♀, Cynodonto-Festucetum, on Glomus macrocarpum, LAB leg., coll. GML (pair) and JMB (1 ♂); Pest County, Budakeszi, 5.vi.2013, 1 spec., 6.vii.2014, 1 spec., 19.vii.2014, 1 spec., 26.vii.2014, 1 spec., 3.vi.2015, 1 spec., 28.v.2016, 1 spec., 4.vi.2018, 1 spec., all at light, SIB obs.; Pest County, Budakeszi, gliding airport, ca. 200 m a.s.l., 5.vii.1991, 1 spec., LNB leg., coll. SZM; Pest County, Budakeszi, Farkas-hegy env., gliding airport, 47°28'39.7"N, 18°54'50"E, ca. 200 m a.s.l., 6.v.2018, 2 ♂♂ flying after sunset, TNB obs. (1 ♂ in coll. HNHM); 23.v.2019, 1 m flying after sunset, 12.vi.2019, 1 ♀, night sweeping, 17.vi.2019, 1 ♂, night sweeping, 27.vi.2019, 1 ♂, night sweeping, 2.vii.2019, 1 ♀ flying after sunset, TNB obs., 22.ix.2019, 1 spec., TNB obs., 47°28'55.2"N, 18°55'6.25"E, 18.vi.2018, 2 ♂♂ and 1 ♀ flying after sunset, 20.vi.2018, 4 ♀♀ flying after sunset, 5.vii.2018, 2 ♂♂ and 3 ♀♀ flying after sunset, 10.vii.2018, 2 ♂♂ flying after sunset, 12.ix.2018, 1 ♂ excavated from its burrow, TNB leg., coll. HNHM; Pest County, Budakeszi – Nagyszénászug, ca. 47°29'11.6"N, 18°55'26.3"E, ca. 230 m a.s.l., 18.vi.2018, 1 spec., 9.vi.2019, 3 spec. in a private garden, LMB obs.; Pest County, Budaörs env., Farkas-hegy, 47°28'27.29"N, 18°56'40.42"E, ca. 335 m a.s.l., 8.vi.2019, 1 spec., OMB obs.; 22.vi.2021, 1 ♂ FSLG after sunset, VSI obs.; Pest County, Törökbálint, Nagy-Mező, 47°25'31.01"N, 18°57'31.04"E, 216 m a.s.l., 18.vi.2019, 1 ♀ flying after sunset, VSI obs.; Budapest, Tétényi-fennsík env., 47°25'2.309"N 18°58'59.332"E, 180 m a.s.l., 6.viii.2021, 1 ♂, at light, MLB obs. + photo, DJP det.; Budapest, “Pest” [currently eastern part of Budapest], no other data, 2 spec in coll. MNHN; Újpest [currently part of Budapest], undated, 1 ♂, Robert Meusel [leg.], coll. Jože Staudacher deposited in PMSL; Budapest, no other data, 7 spec. in coll. NHMW, 2 ♂♂ and 1 ♀ (ex original coll. Josef Breit, Vienna) in coll. Georg Frey deposited in NHMB, 1 ♂ (ex original coll. Josef Breit, Vienna) in coll. Jacques Baraud deposited in MNHN, 1 ♂ in coll. MNBG, 1 ♂ in coll. DKC; Budapest, undated, [Hugó] Diener [leg.], 2 ♂♂ and 1 ♀ (ex original coll. Josef Breit, Vienna) in coll. Georg Frey depo­sited in NHMB, 3 spec. in coll. ZSMG, 1 spec. in coll. SMNK, 1 ♂ in coll. DKC; Budapest, Ofen [= Buda], undated, [E.] Merkl [leg.], 2 ♂♂ and 2 ♀♀ (ex coll. Stöcklein) in coll. Georg Frey deposited in NHMB; “Buda-Pesth” [= Budapest], undated, 1 ♂ and 1 ♀, E. Merkl leg., coll. NMPC; Budapest, 1890, “coll. O. Leonhard”, no other data, 2 ♂♂ in coll. SDEI; Budapest, 1895, 1 ♂ and 1 ♀, [Hugó] Diener [leg.], coll. SDEI; Budapest, 1899, 2 ♀♀, [Hugó] Diener [leg.], coll. MSNG; Budapest, Hármashatárhegy Airfield, 47°33'11.133"N, 18°58'29.279"E, 276 m a.s.l., 7.vi.2019, 1 spec., NPB obs.; Pest County, Dunakeszi, gliding airport, 47°36'51.79"N, 19°8'55.91"E, 125 m a.s.l., 10.vi.2019, 1 ♀ flying after sunset, VSI obs.; Pest County, Bugyi env., Nemes-ürbő, ca. 47°10'55.9"N, 19°11'24.7"E, 92 m a.s.l., 7.vii.2018, 3 spec., Hunor Győrfy obs.; Pest County, Bugyi, Ürbőpuszta, 47°9'52.47"N, 19°10'21.22"E, 91 m a.s.l., 10.vi.2019, 1 ♂ flying after sunset, VSI obs.; Pest County, Tatárszentgyörgy env., Ordító, ca. 47°2'13.8"N, 19°17'40.2"E, ca. 95 m a.s.l., 5.vii.1999, 4 spec., AMK obs.; Pest County, Tatárszentgyörgy env., Rohanka-dűlő, 47°3'48.05"N, 19°20'26.47"E, 98 m a.s.l., date not available [end of 20^th or beginning of 21^st century], 1 spec. flying after sunset, AMK obs.; Pest County, Tatárszentgyörgy env., Szabad-rét, ca. 47°3'14.07"N, 19°18'1.37"E, 94 m a.s.l., 29.vi.2018, 1 spec., CVK obs.; Pest County, Tatárszentgyörgy env., Széna-dűlő, ca. 47°1'42.25"N, 19°17'26.7"E, ca. 100 m a.s.l., 21.vi.1998, 3 ♀♀, AMK obs.; Pest County, Nagytarcsa env., Küdői-hegy hill, 47°32'21.43"N, 19°19'11.77"E, 230 m a.s.l., 8.vi.2003, 1 ♂ and 2 ♀♀, at light (mercury-vapor lamp), VSI obs. (1 spec. in coll. HNHM), 47°32'13.92"N, 19°19'10.72"E, 21.iv.2006, 1 ♀, at light (mercury-vapor lamp), VSI obs., 47°31'59.96"N, 19°19'22.96"E, ca. 250 m a.s.l., 19.vi.2018, 1 ♂, night sweeping, VSI leg., coll. HNHM, 1 ♀, at UV light, SIB obs., 47°32'17.59"N, 19°19'16.03"E, 18.vi.2013, 1 ♂ and 2 ♀♀, at light (mercury-vapor lamp), 25.vii.2019, 1 ♀, at UV light, VSI obs.; Pest County, Csomád, Öreg-hegy, 47°39'29.88"N, 19°12'38.05"E, 15.vi.2002, 1 ♂ and 1 ♀, at light (mercury-vapor lamp), VSI obs. (♂ in coll. HNHM); Pest County, Gödöllő, 55 Erdőszél Street, 47°36'11.3"N, 19°23'23.6"E, 250 m a.s.l., 15.vi.2004, 1 ♂, at light (mercury-vapor lamp), VSI leg., coll. HNHM, 5.viii.2004, 1 ♀, 7.viii.2004, 1 ♀, at light (mercury-vapor lamp), VSI obs.; Pest County, Gödöllő env., Faház-tető hill, 47°37'10.12"N, 19°25'8.94"E, 255 m a.s.l., 19.v.2004, 1 m and 2 ♀♀, at light (mercury-vapor lamp), VSI obs. (1 f in coll. HNHM), 47°37'5.81"N, 19°25'9.68"E, 26.vi.2017, 1 ♀, at light (mercury-vapor lamp), VSI, TNB and AKB obs.; Pest County, Gödöllő env., Perőc-oldal, 47°34'5.754"N, 19°20'8.424"E, ca. 250 m a.s.l., 30.vi.2019, 1 ♀, Csanád Szénási leg., coll. HNHM; Pest County, Vác­kisújfalu, Szélesek, 47°42'40.24"N, 19°19'36.32"E, 180 m a.s.l., 24.vii.2018, 1 ♀ flying after sunset, VSI obs.; Pest County, Pest County, Galgamácsa env., Ecskendi Forest, Ördög-árok area, 47°44'20.32"N, 19°25'17.34"E, 235 m a.s.l., 5.vi.2015, 1 ♀, at light (marcury-vapor lamp), VSI obs.; Pest County, Domonyvölgy, Bárányjárás, 47°37'23.8"N, 19°24'1.94"E, 220 m a.s.l., 21.v.2004, 1 ♂ and 1 ♀, at light (mercury-vapor lamp), VSI obs. (1 spec. in coll. HNHM); Pest County, Gödöllő - Máriabesnyő env., 47°35'38.59"N, 19°24'4.82"E, ca. 190 m a.s.l., 13.vi.2013, 1 ♂, ZKB obs. + photo (DJP det.); Pest County, Isaszeg, 29 Erdő Street, 47°31'23.412"N, 19°23'33.87"E, 19.vi.2003, 1 ♂, at light, VSI obs.; Pest County, Isaszeg env., Szarkaberki-völgy [valley] 47°32'14.86"N, 19°22'11.26"E, ca. 210 m a.s.l., 27.vi.2019, 2 ♂♂ and 1 ♀ flying after sunset, VSI obs., 1 ♂, at UV light, SIB leg., coll. HNHM; 23.vi.2020, 10 spec. SIB obs.; 1.vii.2020, 1 spec., at light, SIB obs.; Pest County, Isaszeg env., Kőmalmi tölgyes, 47°33'51.65"N, 19°25'48.93"E, ca. 250 m a.s.l., 9.v.2004, 1 ♀, at light (mercury-vapor lamp), VSI leg., coll. HNHM; Pest County, Dabas, 20.v.2012, 1 spec., at light, SIB obs.; Pest County, Pécel, 5.vi.2018, 1 spec., at light, SIB obs.; Pest County, Pécel env., 47°29'49.85"N, 19°22'56.56"E, ca. 200 m a.s.l., 12.vi.2010, 1 ♂, at light (mercury-vapor lamp), JDB obs.; Pest County, Pécel env., Trianoni-emlékmű, 47°28'28.86"N, 19°22'10.78"E, ca. 255 m a.s.l., 15.iv.2015, 1 spec., LNB obs.; Pest County, Csévharaszt, 24.vi.2004, 1 spec., at light., SIB obs.; Pest County, Albertirsa env., Golyófogó-völgy [valley], 47°15'52.86"N, 19°37'59.73"E, 150 m a.s.l., 1.vii.2019, 2 ♂♂ flying after sunset, SIB and VSI obs., 2 ♀♀, at UV light, SIB obs. (1 ♀ in coll. HNHM); Pest County, Tóalmás, Boldogkáta-puszta, 47°30'22.77"N, 19°42'2.44"E, 110 m a.s.l., 28.vi.2019, 1 ♂ and 1 ♀ flying after sunset, VSI obs. (♀ in coll. HNHM), 1 spec., at light, SIB obs.; Pest County, Tápióbicske, Gombai-patak [stream] bank, 47°22'12.5"N, 19°38'43.6"E, 120 m a.s.l., 3.vii.2019, 1 ♂ flying after sunset, VSI obs.; Pest County, Tápióbicske, Felső-Tápió [stream] bank, 47°23'58.92"N, 19°41'25.29"E, 111 m a.s.l., 20.vii.2020, 1 ♂ flying after sunset, VSI obs.

Southern Great Plain (Dél-Alföld), Bács-Kiskun County, Kunpeszér env., Alsó-Peszéri-rétek, ca. 47°3'50.129"N, 19°17'57.59"E, 93 m a.s.l., 8.vi.1996, 2 ♂♂, 23.vi.1998, 1 spec., 10.vi.2002, 2 ♂♂ and 1 ♀, at light, AMK obs.; Bács-Kiskun County, Kunpeszér env., Peszéri-erdő forest, ca. 100 m a.s.l., 6.vi.1998, 6 spec., 21.vi.1999, 3 spec., 30.vi.1999, 2 ♂♂, 11.vii.1999, 1 spec., AMK obs.; 26.vi.2018, 2 spec., at light, REE obs.; 28.vi.2018, 3 spec., at light, REE and CVK obs.; 4.vii.2018, 4 spec., 5.vii.2018, 7 spec., at light, REE obs.; 6.vii.2018, 1 spec., CVK obs.; 9.vii.2020, 1 spec., 13.vii.2020, 1 spec., at light, REE obs.; 22.vii.2020, 1 spec., 29.vii.2020, 1 spec., 30.vii.2020, 5 spec., 31.vii.2020, 2 spec., 8.viii.2020, 1 spec., 16.viii.2020, 10 spec., 18.viii.2020, 7 spec., 19.viii.2020, 6 spec., 20.viii.2020, 8 spec., Botond Kozma obs.; Bács-Kiskun County, Kunadacs env., Hunga­rian meadow viper Conservation Centre, ca. 47°1'27.807"N, 19°17'21.286"E, ca. 100 m a.s.l., 29.vi.2018, 1 spec., Vadász Csaba obs.; Bács-Kiskun County, Kunadacs env., Hetvenholdas, ca. 47°0'56.34"N, 19°16'54.34"E, ca. 97 m a.s.l., 27.ix.2016, 1 ♀ FSLG after sunset, AMK obs.; Bács-Kiskun County, Kunadacs, Nagy-erdő forest, date not available [21^st century], 1 spec. caught after sunset, AMK obs.; Bács-Kiskun County, Kunadacs, Peregi-dűlő, ca. 46°57'0.4"N, 19°17'29.4"E, 95 m a.s.l., 6.vi.2006, 1 spec., AMK obs.; Bács-Kiskun County, Kunadacs env., Szabadszállási-legelő, ca. 46°56'6"N, 19°18'15"E, 94 m a.s.l., 9.vi.2006, 1 spec., AMK obs.; Bács-Kiskun County, Páhi, Páhi-rétek, ca. 100 m a.s.l., 10.vii.2020, 3 spec., CBK and REE obs.; Bács-Kiskun County, Kiskunhalas env., pasture, 46°24'10.97"N, 19°30'33.08"E, 122 m a.s.l., 7.vi.2021, 2 ♂♂ and 1 ♀, at light just after sunset, together with 1 ♀ of Od. armiger, TKK obs. + photo (DJP det.); Bács-Kiskun County, Kecskemét – Hunyadiváros, 46°55'6.114"N, 19°42'43.794"E, 115 m a.s.l., 29.vi.2021, 1 ♀, at light, BCK and KVB obs. + photo (DJP det.).

Northern Hungary (Észak-Magyarország), Nógrád County, Kozárd, village area, 47°54'53.31"N, 19°37'7.07"E, 180 m a.s.l., 28.vii.2020, 1 ♀, at light (wall lamp of a residential house), KHE obs.; Nógrád County, Kozárd env., Majorsági-hegy hill, 47°54'59.87"N, 19°36'37.52"E, ca. 240 m a.s.l., 1.viii.2020, 1 ♀ flying after sunset, KHE obs.; Nógrád County, Kozárd env., Pohánka hill, 47°54'56.21"N, 19°37'29.88"E, 225 m a.s.l., 29.vii.2020, 1 ♂ and 1 ♀ flying after sunset, KHE obs.; Nógrád County, Bátonyterenye – Kisterenye, Váci Mihály Street, 48°0'32.22"N, 19°49'46.48"E, 190 m a.s.l., 28.v.1978, 1 ♂ FSLG after sunset, TKB and TKG obs.; Heves County, Tarna­lelesz env., Pataji-far, 48°7'32.66"N, 20°9'32.12"E, 475 m a.s.l., 9.vi.2016, 1 ♂, in the grass during the day, shrubby edge of an oak forest (Quercus cerris), CBE obs.

Comment

Approximately one-third of the known localities of the species are located in Hungary. It is known here from 18 of the 19 counties. The first record from Hungary, without further details, is given by Illiger (1800). The first dated Hungarian record is from the vicinity of Buda (Graberl, a historical excursion destination) from 1798, only nine years after the species was described (Horváth 1884). Old records are summarised by Endrődi (1957). Bolbelasmus unicornis has been recorded several times as food for some birds (Cuculus canorus, Falco vespertinus, and Upupa epops) in several localities of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, including two Hungarian, two Slovak, and one Romanian locality (Csiki 1904, 1905, 1910; Madon 1930; Keve and Szijj 1957). Newer Hungarian records are summarised by Nádai (2006). Data collected by Duna-Ipoly National Park are now available online (Duna-Ipoly National Park 2021). This study presents as yet unpublished records from 68 Hungarian localities. For the distribution of the species in Hungary see Fig. 12.

Published data

Carniola (Kranjsko), “Carniolia, Bolboceras quadridens Fabr.”, undated, 1 ♂, Ferdinand Joseph Schmidt leg., coll. F. J. Schmidt deposited in PMSL, Savo Brelih revid. (Brelih et al. 2010; sex supplemented by Tomi Trilar pers. comm., 2021); note: Trilar (2019) reported that there is another specimen of B. unicornis in the Schmidt’s collection in PMSL labelled “Athyreus kordofanus”, but the photograph makes it clear that it is a member of the genus Athyreus; Bohinjska Bela, 1 spec. with no other data in coll. JHIS (Brelih et al. 2010; Vrezec et al. 2011); Sorško polje, June 1900, 1 spec., Mate Hafner leg., coll. JHIS, Alja Pirnat revid. (Brelih et al. 2010; Vrezec et al. 2011).

Styria (Štajerska), “Leonhard” [= Lenart v Slovenskih goricah], no other data, 1 spec. J. N. Spitzy leg. et coll. (Brancsik 1871; Horion 1958; Brelih et al. 2010; Vrezec et al. 2011); “Marburg, Styria” [= Styria, Maribor], undated, 2 ♂♂ and 1 ♀ [Josef] Peyer [leg.], coll. J. Peyer deposited in PMSL (Brelih et al. 2010; Vrezec et al. 2011; data supplemented and specified by Tomi Trilar pers. comm., 2021).

Comment

Although there are many localities suitable for the species in Slovenia, only five old records are known from this country. The species is most likely still present here, and the reason for the absence of new data is probably the low collecting activity of the local entomologists and/or the ignorance of appropriate monitoring methods for the species. Also, a recent attempt to rediscover the species in Slovenia (Pirnat 2009) was unsuccessful mainly due to the use of inappropriate collecting methods.

Published data

Croatia proper (Središnja Hrvatska), Moslavina [a microregion between the rivers Lonja in the south and west, Česma in the north and Ilova in the east], no other data [19^th century] (Schlosser Klekovski 1878); Koprivnica-Križevci County, Križevci env., no other data [19^th century] (Schlosser Klekovski 1878).

Slavonia (Slavonija), Osijek-Baranja County, Osijek env., no other data [19^th century], Vukas [leg.] (Schlosser Klekovski 1878); Vukovar-Syrmia County, Vinkovci, promenade near the Bosut river, 80 m a.s.l., 1.vi.1895, 1 ♀, caught with a net, collector not specified (Koča 1906; Mikšić 1959, 1960, 1970); Vukovar-Syrmia County, Gradište env., 45°10'33.7"N, 18°44'54.7"E, mixed lowland forest, 81 m a.s.l., 5.vi.2014, 1 ♂, at light, collector not specified (Koren 2017).

Material examined

“Chorvatsko” [= Croatia in Czech language], 1 ♂, “ex. coll. E. Hachler”, no other data, coll. MMBC.

Dalmatia (Dalmacija), “Dalmatia”, no other data, 1 ♀ in coll NMPC; “Dalmat.” [= Dalmatia], no other data, 1 ♀ in coll. NMPC.

Comment

In Croatia, the species is known only from four old records from the 19^th century. The only recent record (Gradište) is given by Koren (2017). Further historical undated specimens deposited in MMBC and NMPC are presented in this study.

Published data

“Herzegovina”, no other data, 1 ♂ in coll. ZFMK (Hillert et al. 2016).

Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (Federacija Bosne i Hercegovine), Zavidovići env., Gostović river valley, no other data, Károly Kendi leg. (Kendi 1910); Sarajevo, no other data (Mikšić 1953, 1958, 1960, 1970; Lelo 2006; Lelo and Kašić-Lelo 2010; Koren 2017).

Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (Federacija Bosne i Hercegovine) or Republika Srpska (Република Српска), Babin potok [river], no other data, 1 spec. in coll. René Mikšić [currently deposited in CMZC] (Mikšić 1953, 1958, 1960, 1970; Lelo 2006; Lelo and Kašić-Lelo 2010; Koren 2017).

Comment

Only four old records from Bosnia and Herzegovina have been published. No recent findings are known.

Published data

Vojvodina (Војводина), Srem District (Сремски округ), Mt. Fruška gora (Фрушка гора), village of Vrdnik (Врдник), June 2016, 1 ♀, at light, collector unknown, coll. DKP deposited in NMPC (Ćurčić et al. 2019); Srem District (Сремски округ), Ruma (Рума), undated, 1 ♂, [Harald] Schweiger leg., coll. MSNG (Arnone and Massa 2010; Hillert et al. 2016; collector’s name specified by Roberto Poggi pers. comm., 2021); Inđija (Инђија) env., Krčedin (Крчедин), 1.vii.2013, 1 ♂, at light at 21.25 CEST, ZBB obs. + photo (Ćurčić et al. 2019; for more detailed data on this record see Material examined and new observations below); South Bačka District (Јужнобачки округ), South Bačka District (Јужнобачки округ), Mt. Fruška gora (Фрушка гора), Sremski Karlovci (Сремски Карловци) env., Stražilovo (Стражилово), 14.vii.2005, 1 ♀, at light, Dejan Stojanović obs. (Gavrilović and Stojanović 2008; Ćurčić et al. 2019); South Banat District (Јужнобанатски округ), Deliblato Sands (Делиблатска пешчара), Deliblato (Делиблато) env., Jagoda (Јагода), ca. 44°53'33"N, 21°3'2.6"E, date not specified, Zoran Gradojević leg. (Gradojević 1963; Ćurčić et al. 2019).

Belgrade District (Град Београд), Mala Ivanča (Мала Иванча) env., Grkovo (Грково), Trešnja Forest (Шума Трешња), 14.v.1986, 1 ♀ dug up beneath a hazel shrub together with Tuber fungi DPB leg. et coll. (Ćurčić et al. 2019); Mt. Kosmaj (планина Космај), Tresije Monastery (Манастир Тресије), 21.vi.2003, 1 ♀, dead under the lamp near a restaurant, DPB leg. et coll. (Ćurčić et al. 2019).

Southern and Eastern Serbia (Јужна и источна Србија), Bor District (Борски округ), Đerdap National Park (Национални парк Ђердап), 6 km WSW of Tekija (Текија), 27.–28.v.2014, 2 ♂♂ and 1 ♀, collector not specified, coll. DKP [deposited in NMPC] (Hillert et al. 2016; for details on this record see Material examined and new observations below); Pirot District (Пиротски округ), Bela Palanka (Бела Паланка) env., Babin Kal (Бабин Кал) env., 43°19'9"N, 22°23'23"E, 750 m a.s.l., 3.vii.2014, 1 ♂, at light, a mea­dow near an oak-hornbeam forest, SBS leg., coll. NMSB (Ćurčić et al. 2019); “Tsaribrod (Цариброд)” [= Dimitrovgrad (Димитровград)], no other data (Nedyalkov 1906; Mikšić 1959); Zaječar District (Зајечарски округ), village of Planinica (Планиница), 28.v.2006, 1 ♀, dug up in the garden, Siniša Ognjenović leg., coll. DPB (Ćurčić et al. 2019).

Material examined and new observations

Vojvodina (Војводина), Srem District (Сремски округ), Inđija (Инђија) env., Krčedin (Крчедин), 19.viii.2006, 2 ♂♂, at light, steppe meadow near the Danube river, LMN leg., coll. RSG and VVO; 45°10'04.5"N, 20°08'15.4"E, 98 m a.s.l., 1.vii.2013, 1 ♂, at light at 21.25 CEST, ZBB obs. + photo (for partial data on this record see Ćurčić et al. 2019); South Bačka District (Јужнобачки округ), Fruška Gora National Park (Национални парк Фрушка гора), Bukovac (Буковац) env., northern slope of Beljevo (Бељево) hill, 45°10'56.579"N, 19°53'0.802"E, 270 m a.s.l., 27.v.2019, 1 ♂, dead on the ground near the road (killed in flight by a passing car), MSN obs. + photo (Fig. 14B).

Southern and Eastern Serbia (Јужна и источна Србија), Bor District (Борски округ), Leskovo (Лесково) env., 44°18'17.28"N, 21°56'54.96"E, ca. 400 m a.s.l., 20.vi.2020, 1 ♂ crawling on the ground near the road at 18.42 CEST, MPN obs. + photo (Fig. 14C); Bor District (Борски округ), Đerdap National Park (Национални парк Ђердап), 6 km WSW of Tekija (Текија), 44°39'19.4"N, 22°20'15.6"E, 300 m a.s.l., 27.v.2014, 1 spec. accidentally dug up while setting pitfall traps for ground beetles, RKP, 27.–28.v.2014, 51 spec. (both sexes in a ratio of 1:1) FSLG at 20.35–21.00 CEST, steppe hillside (probably former pasture, presently with tall vegetation) near an oak-beech forest, DHH (22 spec.), RKP (16 spec.), ZCP (11 spec.), TGK (1 spec.), and PSZ (1 spec.) leg., coll. OSD, DHH, DJP, DKP, GML, LMO, MBF, PSZ, RKP, TGK, VJP and ZCP (for incomplete data on this record see Hillert et al. 2016) (see Table 8 for full data on the flights); 12.–13.vii.2014, 8 ♂♂ and 12 ♀♀ FSLG at 20.43–21.15 CEST, the same place as May 27–28, RKP (11 spec.), IMO (7 spec.), MKJ (2 spec.) leg. et coll., 4 ♂♂ and 3 ♀♀ in coll. GML (see Table 8 for full data on the flights); 17.vi.2018, 1 ♂ and 2 ♀♀ FSLG after sunset, IMO, ZCP.

Comment

The known distribution of the species in Serbia was summarised by Ćurčić et al. (2019), who listed a total of 12 localities. New data from two of them (Krčedin, Tekija) and from two other new sites (Bukovac, Leskovo) are presented in this study.

Published data

Tirana County (Qarku i Tiranës), Sauk, 10.vi.1958, 1 spec., 10.–20.vi.1961, 1 spec., Xhelo Murraj leg. (Murraj 1962); Ibë, 13.v.1959, 1 spec., 8.vi.1962, 1 spec., Xhelo Murraj leg. (Murraj 1962). Note: Murraj stated that he also found Od. armiger and Och. integriceps at both sites.

Comment

From Albania, only these records from two localities near Tirana have been published. Murraj (1962) reported that in Albania, B. unicornis is rare in lowland areas up to 700 m a.s.l. None of the editions of the Catalogue of Palaearctic Coleoptera (Král et al. 2006; Nikolajev et al. 2016) lists Albania for this species.

Published data

Crișana, Arad County, “Újarad” [= Arad – Aradul Nou], 28.iv.1907, 1 spec. inside the digestive system of Falco vespertinus, Ernő Csiki obs. (Csiki 1910).

Transylvania (Transilvania), Sălaj County, Zalău env., 3.viii.1973, 1 ♀, forest, collector unknown, coll. OHS (Hillert et al. 2016); Bistrița-Năsăud County, “Bistritz” [= Bistrița], no other data, Müller leg. (Petri 1912; Panin 1957); Bistrița-Năsăud County, Urmeniș, no other data (Panin 1957); Hunedoara County, “Nagyág” [= Săcărâmb], no other data (Bielz 1887; Kuthy 1898; Petri 1912; Endrődi 1957; Panin 1957); Sibiu County, “Mediasch” [= Mediaș], no other data, Prof. Fabini leg. (Fuss 1858), no other data, Eduard Albert Bielz leg. (Bielz 1887; Kuthy 1898; Petri 1912; Endrődi 1957; Panin 1957); Sibiu County, “Nagyszeben” or “Hermannstadt” [= Sibiu], no other data (Kuthy 1898; Petri 1912; Endrődi 1957; Panin 1957); Sibiu County, “Szenterzsébet” [= Sibiu – Gușterița], no other data (Endrődi 1957); Cluj County, “Kolozsvár” [= Cluj-Napoca], no other data (Endrődi 1957); Cluj County, “Szamosújvár” [= Gherla], no other data, Ormay leg. (Kuthy 1898; Petri 1912; Endrődi 1957; Panin 1957); Cluj County, Stufărișurile de la Sic Nature Reserve env., 2002–2004, 6 spec., forest edge, no other data (Niţu 2007; Ruicănescu and Niţu 2008; Anonymus 2015); Mureș County, “Schässburg” [= Sighișoara or Segesvár], no other data, Karl Petri leg. (Petri 1912; Endrődi 1957; Panin 1957), Sighișoara, Târnava Mare river, no other data (Ruicănescu and Niţu 2008; Tatole et al. 2009).

Western Moldavia (Moldova Occidentală), Suceava County, “Mihoweny” [= Mihoveni], 1 ♂ with no other data (Jasilkowski 1906); Vaslui County, Zorleni, no other data (Fleck 1905; Panin 1957).

Banat, Caraș-Severin County, “Gerník” [= Gârnic] env., 44°45'36.72"N, 21°46'29.48"E, 620 m a.s.l., 11.–13.vi.2016, ca. 14 spec. fyling low above the ground after sunset, together with tens of spec. of Od. armiger, air temperature 12–15 °C, JHH, JPP, JSU MSZ, MPV and PIL obs. (Spružina 2016; data specified and corrected by JHH and JSU pers. comm., 2021).

Muntenia, Giurgiu County, Comana, no other data, Arnold Lucien Montandon leg., Jules Bourgeois det. (Montandon 1906); Bucureşti env., no other data (Mano­lache 1930).

Dobruja (Dobrogea), Tulcea County, Babadag [env.], [100–200 m a.s.l.], 1989–2000, no other data (Niţu 2001); Constanța County, Albești env., Hagieni Forest, ca. 50 m a.s.l., no other data, L. Székely pers. comm., 2014 (Fusu et al. 2015).

Material examined and new observations

Transylvania (Transilvania), Sibiu County, “Transsylv. Alpen” [= Transsilvanische Alpen (Carpații Meridionali)], “R.Turm Paſs” [= Roter-Turm-Pass (Pasul Turnu Roșu)], 350–450 m a.s.l., 1917, 1 ♂ and 1 ♀, Dr Maertens [leg.], coll. MNBG; Cluj County, Suatu, ca. 46°46'39"N, 23°58'24"E, ca. 365 m a.s.l., August 1997, 1 ♀, at light, steppe hillside with sparsely scattered oak trees, ARC (for incomplete data on this record see Ruicănescu and Niţu 2008); Sibiu County, Șura Mare, [ca. 450 m a.s.l.], 28.vii.1972, 1 ♂ and 2 ♀♀, E[ckbert] Schneider [leg.], coll. Eckbert Schneider deposited in BNMS; Sibiu County, “Hammersdorf” [= Sibiu – Gușterița], [ca. 425 m a.s.l.], 17.vi.1888, [Mauritius von] Kimakowicz [leg.], coll. BNMS.

Western Moldavia (Moldova Occidentală), Bacău County, Comănești (ca. 46°25'38.5"N, 26°26'31.1"E), July 2004, 1 ♂, dead inside the collector’s house (pro­bably attracted by the light), APC; 31.vii.2010, 1 ♀, at light, APC; 8.viii.2011, 1 ♂, Barber pitfall trap, APC leg., coll. CMI; Iași County, Hârlău env., Pîrcovaci env., 47°28'28.29"N, 26°47'22.17"E, 240 m a.s.l., 24.vi.2021, 1 ♀, LHI obs. + photo (DJP det.); Iași County, Iași – Rediu, Iazul Tăutești, 47°13'33.4"N, 27°28'06.7"E, 120 m a.s.l., 28.vii.2021, 3 ♀♀, at light, MJR leg., coll. PKG; Iași County, Iași – Miroslava, Valea lui David, 47°11'38"N, 27°28'2.114"E, ca. 90 m a.s.l., 9.vii.2021, 2 ♀♀, together with 1 ♂ of Od. armiger, LHI obs. + photo (DJP det.); Iași County, Bârnova Forest (ca. 47°00'37.4"N, 27°33'32.8"E), 4.vii.2005, 1 ♂, found accidentally on the ground during the day, LFI leg., coll. CUIR (for incomplete data on this record see Ruicănescu and Niţu 2008; Tatole et al. 2009; Stan and Niţu 2013); Iași County, Stânca near Comarna, 47°4'11.874"N, 27°48'13.403"E, 7.vii.2017, 1 ♂, at light, CMI.

Banat, Caraș-Severin County, Svatá Helena (Sfânta Elena) env., Kulhavá skála hill env., 44°42'11.47"N, 21°43'41.49"E, 357 m a.s.l., 1.vi.2012, 1 elytron on a path going through a pasture, BJN; Caraș-Severin County, Svatá Helena (Sfânta Elena), 44°40'29.8"N, 21°42'35"E, 325 m a.s.l., 18.vi.2017, 1 ♀ FSLG after sunset, ZCP, 44°40'57.73"N, 21°42'19"E, 350 m a.s.l., 23.vi.2017, 4 spec. FSLG after sunset, ZCP obs. (1 ♂ leg. et coll.); Caraș-Severin County, Mehadia, undated [19^th century], 1 ♀, “ex. coll. [Otto] Staudinger”, coll. MTDG; Mehedinți County, Tisové Údolí (Eibenthal), ca. 44°32'36.7"N, 22°10'20.4"E, ca. 420 m a.s.l., 28.v.2008, 1 ♂ flying slowly up to 0.5 m above a path crossing a forest-steppe meadow at 21.45 EEST (= 40 min after sunset), JKV.

Muntenia, “Bukarest” [= Bucharest], undated, 1 ♂, V[ladimír] Zoufal leg., coll. Vladimír Zoufal deposited in MMBC; Teleorman County, Poroschia, [ca. 40 m a.s.l.], no other data, 1 ♀ in coll. GANM; Buzău County, Măgura, Mănăstirea Ciolanu [= Ciolanu Monastery], 5.vii.2014, 1 ♂, at light (160 W mercury-vapor lamp), beech forest, VUB.

Dobruja (Dobrogea), Tulcea County, Agighiol, 12.vi.1993, 1 ♀, Ioana Matache leg., coll. GANM; Tulcea County, Babadag [env.], [100–200 m a.s.l.], 20.vi.1958, 1 ♂, 20.vi.1968, 1 ♂, Nicolae Săvulescu leg., coll. GANM; 11.vii.1985, 1 ♂, at light (mercury-vapor lamp), foot of a forest-steppe loess hill, JHM leg., coll. VKS (for partial data on this record see Hillert et al. 2016); 16.v.2014, 2 ♀♀, Juhász leg., coll. GML; Tulcea County, Mănăstirea Codru [= Codru Monastery] env. (ca. 8 km S of Babadag), 44°48'55.47"N, 28°41'23.15"E, 110 m a.s.l., 6.vi.2016, 1 spec., IIB, 44°49'04.0"N, 28°40'57.9"E, 140 m a.s.l., 10.vi.2016, ca. 30 spec. FSLG after sunset, MVP obs. (1 ♂ leg., coll. NMPC); Constanța County, Băneasa – Canaraua Fetei, ca. 44°3'13.28"N, 27°40'15.07"E, ca. 115 m a.s.l., 17.vii.1965, 1 ♂, Nicolae Săvulescu leg., coll. GANM; Constanța County, Albești env., Hagieni Forest, ca. 50 m a.s.l., 20.vi.1964, 1 ♀, collector unknown, coll. GANM; Constanța County, Hagieni, ca. 50 m a.s.l., 18.vi.1995, 1 ♀, at light, CWP leg., coll. LKKA.

Comment

For Romania, which can be considered one of the countries at the centre of the species’ distribution, surprisingly small amounts of data have been published. New records from 22 Romanian localities are presented here.

Published data

Călărași District (Raionul Călărași), Bularda near Dereneu, ca. 165 m a.s.l., 16.vi.1931, 3 ♂♂ and 4 ♀♀, Nicolai Zubowsky leg., coll. N. Zubowsky deposited in NMCM (Derjanschi et al. 2016; sex of the specimens specified by Valeriu Derjanschi pers. comm., 2021).

Ialoveni District (Raionul Ialoveni), Dănceni, ca. 170 m a.s.l., 31.v.1929, 1 ♂, Nicolai Zubowsky leg., coll. N. Zubowsky deposited in NMCM (Derjanschi et al. 2016; sex of the specimen specified by Valeriu Derjanschi pers. comm., 2021).

City of Chișinău (Municipiul Chișinău), Chișinău, [ca. 100 m a.s.l.], 20.v. and 10.vii.[between 1900–1915], no other data (Miller and Zubowsky 1917); 11.vii.1911, 1 ♀, Nicolai Zubowsky leg., coll. N. Zubowsky deposited in NMCM (Derjanschi et al. 2016; sex of the specimen specified by Valeriu Derjanschi pers. comm., 2021).

Material examined

City of Chișinău (Municipiul Chișinău), Chișinău, 20.iv.1912, 1 ♀, Nicolai Zubowsky leg., Valeriu Derjanschi det., coll. Rodion Stepanov (box No. 10) deposited in NMCM.

Anenii Noi District (Raionul Anenii Noi), Hîrbovăț env., Hîrbovăț Forest, ca. 285 m a.s.l., June 1970, 1 ♂, Rodion Stepanov leg., Valeriu Derjanschi det., coll. R. Stepanov (box No. 28) deposited in IZCM (for incomplete data on this record see Neculiseanu et al. 2002).

Comment

The first known record from Moldova (Chișinău) is mentioned by Miller and Zubowsky (1917). Old records from another two localities are reported by Derjanschi et al. (2016). The occurrence of the species in Moldova without further details is also mentioned by Panin (1957). This study presents the latest known Moldovan record from 1970.

Published data

“Gubernia podolska” [= Podolian Governorate (Подольская губерния) of the Russian Empire, now Ukraine] (Hildt 1892).

“Volhynien” [= Volhynian Governorate (Волынская губерния), a historical region of the Russian Empire that included almost the entire area of today’s Volyn Oblast, as well as the Rivne and Zhytomyr Oblasts, northern parts of the Ternopil and Khmelnytskyi Oblasts, parts of the Podlaskie and Lublin Voivodeships of Poland and Brest Region of Belarus], undated, 2 spec., prof. Bresser leg. (Hochhuth 1873; Tenenbaum 1923; Savchenko 1931) – this record probably refers to data from Kremenets (Ternopil Oblast) reported by Eichwald (1830) – see below.

? Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast (Івано-Франківська область), Chornohora (Чорногора) [mountain range], 9.viii.1939, 1 ♂, collector unknown, coll. SIZK (Vasko 2010) – the nature of the area (high mountains) does not correspond to the known requirements of the species and its occurrence here is unlikely; it is therefore probably a mislabelled specimen.

Ternopil Oblast (Тернопільська область), Ternopil Raion (Тернопільський район), Zboriv (Зборів), 19.viii.1937, 1 ♀; collector unknown, coll. SIZK (Vasko 2010); Ternopil Raion (Тернопільський район), Ternopil (Тернопіль) env., “Gaje Tarnopolskie” [= Velyki Hai (Великі Гаї)], 26.vii.1884–1890, 1 spec., on a path, Michael Rybiński leg. et coll. (Rybiński 1897, 1903); Ternopil Raion (Тернопільський район), Ternopil (Тернопіль), no other data (Łomnicki 1913; Tenenbaum 1923; Savchenko 1938; Horion 1958); Ternopil Raion (Тернопільський район), “Zbaraż” [= Zbarazh (Збараж)] env., “Hnilice” [= Hnylytsi (Гнилиці)], no other data (Kuntze and Noskiewicz 1938); Kremenets Raion (Кременецький район), “Volhynia, Cremenezum” [= Kremenets (Кременець)] env., no other data (Eichwald 1830; Savchenko 1938).

Chernivtsi Oblast (Чернівецька область), Bukovina (Буковина), Chernivtsi Raion (Чернівецький район), Chernivtsi (Чернівці), 4 spec. with no other data (Horion 1958), 2 ♂♂ and 3 ♀♀ with no oher data, coll. K. A. Penecke deposited in ZMNU (Vasko 2010), 1 ♀ in coll. NMPC (Hillert et al. 2016).

Vinnytsia Oblast (Вінницька область), Vinnytsia Raion (Вінницький район), Vinnytsia (Вінниця) env., August 1928, 1 ♂, caught in flight in the evening, collector unknown (Savchenko 1933, 1938); Vinnytsia Raion (Вінницький район), Vinnytsia (Вінниця) env., Sabariv meadows (Сабарівські луки), no other data, 1 ♂ in coll. Yevhen Mykolaiovych Savchenko deposited in NHMU (Vasko 2010); Vinnytsia Raion (Вінницький район), Lypovets (Липовець), 24.vi.1926, 1 ♂, collector unknown, coll. Ye. M. Savchenko deposited in NHMU (Savchenko 1934, 1938; Vasko 2010); Vinnytsia Raion (Вінницький район), “Lintsi (Лінці)” [= Illintsi (Іллінці)], [ca. 215 m a.s.l.], 10.v.1905, 1 ♂ and 1 ♀, collector unknown (Savchenko 1934, 1938), 14.vi. and 19.vi. (year not specified), no other data (Savchenko 1938); Haisyn Raion (Гайсинський район), Trostianets-Podilskyi (Тростянець-Подільський) [= Trostianets (Тростянець)] env., “Zatishje” [= village of Obodivka (Ободівка)], 15.vii.1930, 1 ♀, caught in flight in the evening, V. Paliy leg., coll. Ye. M. Savchenko deposited in NHMU (Savchenko 1933, 1938; Vasko 2010).

Odessa Oblast (Одеська область), Odessa Raion (Одеський район), Odessa (Одеса), 1827–1831, no other data (Krynicki 1832; Savchenko 1938; Trach and Gontarenko 2005), Odessa Raion (Одеський район), Odessa (Одеса) env., [1825–1860], 1 ♂, undated, [prof. I. B.] Bertoldi [leg.], “coll. University of Novorossiysk” (Kulikovskiy 1897; for information on Bertoldi’s collection see Sevastianov 2000, 2001), “2 spec. in coll. Gugel [or Hugel/Hügel]” (Kulikovskiy 1897); Odessa (Одеса) env., Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi Raion (Білгород-Дністровський район), Sadove (Садове) env., Lymanskyi (Лиманський) nature reserve, ca. 46°15'19.9"N, 30°11'2.9", ca. 50 m a.s.l., 8.vi.2004, 2 ♀♀, at UV light, HDO (Gontarenko and Trach 2011; data specified by YSK pers. comm., 2021); Rozdilna Raion (Роздільнянський район), 4 km NW of Butsynivka (Буцинівка) village, 4.vi.2011, 1 ♀, at UV light, YKO leg., coll. VTO (Gontarenko and Trach 2011; sex specified by YSK pers. comm., 2021).

Kyiv Oblast (Київська область), Kiyv (Київ), old town, May 1839, 4 spec. under a dead dog, June 1870, 1 spec. on a grassy path, Johann Heinrich Hochhuth leg. (Hochhuth 1873); Kyiv (Київ) env., no other data (Cherkunov 1889); Kyiv (Київ), undated, 1 spec., prof. Jelski leg., coll. of deceased J. Wańkowicz (Hildt 1896); Kyiv (Київ), Shevchenkivskyi Raion (Шевченківський район), Nyvky Park (Парк “Нивки”), 2.viii.1998, 1 ♂, dead on the ground, BVK leg., coll. SIZK (Vasko 2010); Kyiv (Київ), Holosiivskyi Raion (Голосіївський район), Holosiyiv Forest (Голосіївський ліс) [currently Holosiivskyi National Nature Park (Національний природний парк «Голосіївський»)], near the building of Astronomical Observatory of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 6.vi.1923, 1 ♀, Ye. M. Savchenko leg., coll. Ye. M. Savchenko deposited in NHMU (Savchenko 1934, 1938; Vasko 2010); Kyiv (Київ), Holosiivskyi Raion (Голосіївський район), Holosiyiv Forest (Голосіївський ліс) [currently Holosiivskyi National Nature Park (Національний природний парк «Голосіївський»), 10.vii.1928, 1 ♀, Ye. M. Savchenko leg., coll. Ye. M. Savchenko deposited in NHMU (Savchenko 1934, 1938; Vasko 2010); Kyiv (Київ), Holosiivskyi Raion (Голосіївський район), Holosiivskyi National Nature Park (Національний природний парк «Голосіївський»), no other data (Solomakha et al. 2020); Kyiv (Київ), Holosiivskyi Raion (Голосіївський район), Lysa Hora (Лиса гора), 20.vi.1998, 1 ♀, pitfall trap, H. Uspenskyi leg., coll. BVK; 19.vi.2007, 1 ♀, pitfall trap, RHK leg., coll. SIZK (Vasko 2010; data specified by RHK pers. comm., 2021); Obukhiv Raion (Обухівський район), Hryhorivka (Григорівка), 6.vi.1928, 1 ♂, collector unknown, coll. Ye. M. Savchenko deposited in NHMU (Savchenko 1938; Vasko, 2010); Obukhiv Raion (Обухівський район), Rzhyshchiv (Ржищів) env., area of the Ecological Research Centre “Hluboki Balyky (Глибокі балики)”, 49°57'44"N, 31°7'8"E, 5.–6.viii.2020, 1 spec., at light, VKK (Sheshurak et al 2020a); Bila Tserkva Raion Raion (Білоцерківський район), village of Luka (Лука), undated [probably between 1925–1939, Bohdan M. Vasko pers. comm., 2020], 1 ♀, Jenni leg., coll. Ye. M. Savchenko deposited in NHMU (Vasko 2010).

Cherkasy Oblast (Черкаська область), Zvenyhorodka Raion (Звенигородський район), Talne (Тальне), 1 ♂ with no other data (Savchenko 1934, 1938); Cherkasy Raion (Черкаський район), Kaniv (Канів), hornbeam forest, 8.vi.1951, 1 ♀, collector not specified, coll. SIZK (Vasko, 2010); Cherkasy Raion (Черкаський район), Kaniv (Канів) env., Kaniv Nature Reserve (Канівський природний заповідник), no other data (Solomakha et al. 2020).

Chernihiv Oblast (Чернігівська область), Novhorod-Siverskyi Raion (Новгород-Сіверський район), Novhorod-Siverskyi (Новгород-Сіверський) env., 51°59'N, 33°16'E, 18.vii.2003, 1 spec., I. V. Porokhniach leg., coll. GUNU (Vovk et al. 2005, 2016; Sheshurak et al. 2018, 2020b).

Sumy Oblast (Сумська область), Shostka Raion (Шосткинський район), Matskove (Мацкове) env., ca. 51°28'48"N, 33°53'24"E, ca. 150 m a.s.l., 28.vii.2018, 1 spec., MZK (Kavurka et al. 2019).

Poltava Oblast (Полтавська область), Lubny Raion (Лубенський район), Lubny (Лубни), [ca. 160 m a.s.l.], July (year and nummber of specimens not specified), Kruhlik [leg.], coll. Provincial Museum of Poltava (Ohloblin 1913; Savchenko 1938).

Dnipropetrovsk Oblast (Дніпропетровська область), Synelnykove Raion (Синельниківський район), Raivka (Раївка), 1.viii.2000, 1 spec., A. M. Sumarokov leg. (Martynov 2003); Novomoskovsk Raion (Новомосковський район), Andriivka (Андріївка), 6.viii.1986, 1 spec., at light, A. M. Sumarokov leg. (Martynov 2003; Vasko and Bryhadyrenko 2011); Dnipro Raion (Дніпровський район), Dnipro (Дніпро) [Dnipropetrovsk until 19 May 2016], “около Днепропетровского Гослесхоза” [= near the Dnipropetrovsk State Forestry Enterprise, = Tunelna Balka (Тунельна балка) tract] (Vasko 2010; Vasko and Bryhadyrenko 2011; for detailed data see Material examined and new observations below); Dnipro Raion (Дніпровський район), Dnipro (Дніпро) [Dnipropetrovsk until 19 May 2016], 16.vi.2010, 1 ♀, collector not specified (Miessen 2011), 18.vi.2010, 1 ♀, Dementiev leg. (Brustel and Gouix 2012); Pavlohrad Raion (Павлоградський район), Kocherezhky (Кочережки) env., 21^st century, no other data (Vasko and Bryhadyrenko 2011).

Material examined and new observations

Zakarpattia Oblast (Закарпатська область), Mukachevo Raion (Мукачівський район), “Schönb Ungarn” [= Hungary, Schenborn (Шенборн)], [ca. 190 m a.s.l.], “coll. Kirsch”, undated, 1 ♂, coll. MTDG.

Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast (Івано-Франківська область), Kosiv Raion (Косівський район), Pistyn (Пістинь), [ca. 400 m a.s.l.], undated, 1 ♂,“A. St?kl” [the third letter is illegible] leg., coll. SMLU.

Ternopil Oblast (Тернопільська область), Chortkiv Raion (Чортківський район), “Torskie, pow[iat] Zaleszcz[yki]” [= Zalishchyky (Заліщики) Powiat, Torske (Торське)], [ca. 250 m a.s.l.], 27.vi.[19]33, 1 ♂, collector unknown, coll. MIZP; Dniester Canyon National Nature Park (Національний природний парк «Дністровський каньйон»), Chortkiv Raion (Чортківський район), Horodok (Городок), 48°38'18.96"N, 25°50'11.04"E, ca. 140 m a.s.l., 6.vii.2018, 6 ♂♂ and 2 ♀♀ FSLG after sunset, steppe meadow on the terrace of the Dniester (Дністер) river, YKL, YHS and ABZ leg. coll. YKL and YHS (for photographs of the site see Fig. 13C, D).

Chernivtsi Oblast (Чернівецька область), Bukovina (Буковина), Chernivtsi Raion (Чернівецький район), “Czernowitz” [= Chernivtsi (Чернівці)], no other data, 1 ♂ in coll. Georg Frey deposited in NHMB, 1 ♂ and 2 ♀♀ (ex original coll. Josef Breit, Vienna) in coll. Georg Frey deposited in NHMB, 2 ♂♂ and 3 ♀♀ in coll. ZMNU, 1 ♂ and 2 ♀♀ in coll. UMJG.

Vinnytsia Oblast (Вінницька область), “Киевская г[уберния], Сквирский у[езд]” [= Kiev Governorate of the Russian Empire (disestablished 1925), Skvirsky Uyezd (incorrectly, it was actually Lipovetsky Uyezd), currently Vinnytsia Raion (Вінницький район)], “Ильинцы” [= Illintsi (Іллінці)], 14.vi.[year not specified], [ca. 215 m a.s.l.], 1 ♀, collector not specified, coll. ZINR (probably one of the two specimens mentioned by Savchenko (1938) – see published data).

Odessa Oblast (Одеська область), Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi Raion (Білгород-Дністровський район), Karolino-Buhaz (Кароліно-Бугаз), Studentska (Студентська) railway station, ca. 46°9'56.34"N, 30°33'24.58"E, 22 m a.s.l., 15.vi.2017, 1 ♂ crawling on the ground, OKO.

Kyiv Oblast (Київська область), Bila Tserkva Raion (Білоцерківський район), “Hałajki, Kijow[ska] g[ubernia]” [= Kiev Governorate, Halaiky (Галайки)], [ca. 190 m a.s.l.], [probably 19^th Century], no other data, 1 ♂ in coll. MIZP; Bucha Raion (Бучанський район), Muzychi (Музичі), ca. 160 m a.s.l., 18.vii.2006, 1 ♂, at light, M. Nesterov leg., coll. SIZK; “Kiew” [= Kyiv (Київ)], undated, 1 ♀ in Hartmann [leg.], coll. NMPC; “Kieff” [= Kyiv (Київ)], May [19]05, 1 ♂, Shelushko [leg.], coll. ZINR; Fastiv Raion (Фастівський район), Novosilky (Новосілки), ca. 180 m a.s.l., 21.vii.2012, 1 ♀, M. Nesterov leg., coll. SIZK; Obukhiv Raion (Обухівський район), Mali Dmytrovychi (Малі Дмитровичі), 50°12'59"N, 30°32'29"E, ca. 160 m a.s.l., 17.vii.2010, 1 ♂, at light, together with 1 ♂ of Od. armiger, VSK leg., coll. KLP; 29.v.2014, 1 ♂ and 1 ♀, at light, RHK; 25.v.2016, 1 ♂, 28.v.2016, 1 ♀, 13.vi.2020, 1 ♂ and 2 ♀♀, at light, STK; Obukhiv Raion (Обухівський район), Rzhyshchiv (Ржищів), Taras Shevchenko Park (Парк імені Тараса Шевченка), 49°57'58.1"N, 31°02'39.5"E, 112 m a.s.l., 18.ix.2021, 1 ♀ crawling on the ground at 16:22 EEST, HTR obs. + photo (DJP det.); Obukhiv Raion (Обухівський район), Rzhyshchiv (Ржищів) env., area of the Ecological Research Centre “Hlyboki Balyky (Глибокі балики)”, 49°57'44.082"N, 31°7'8.094"E, ca. 150 m a.s.l., 18.vi.2021, 1 ♀, at light OVK obs. + photo + recorded an audio track of its stridulation (DJP det.); 49°57'43.729"N, 31°7'9.782"E, 19.vi.2021, 1 ♂, together with 1 ♂ and 2 ♀♀ of Od. armiger, OVK obs. + photo (DJP det.); Myronivka Raion (Миронівський район), Tulyntsi (Тулинці), ca. 150 m a.s.l., 9.vi.2020, 1 ♀, at light, STK; Myronivka Raion (Миронівський район), Velykyi Bukryn (Великий Букрин) env., 49°57'13"N, 31°18'8"E, 155 m a.s.l., 27.vi.2009, 1 ♀, at light, VSK.

Cherkasy Oblast (Черкаська область), Cherkasy Raion (Черкаський район), Kaniv (Канів) env., Kaniv Nature Reserve (Канівський природний заповідник), 49°43'12"N, 31°31'19"E, ca. 200 m a.s.l., 20.vi.1984, 6 spec. excavated from their burrows, steppe slope in a hornbeam forest, KVM and VGG leg., coll. MKY and MPGU.

Kirovohrad Oblast (Кіровоградська область), Oleksandriia Raion (Олександрійський район), Semyhiria (Семигір’я) env., 49°0'29.52"N, 32°54'21.24"E, 135 m a.s.l., 2.vii.2020, 1 ♂, at light, DPS obs. + photo (Fig. 14D).

Dnipropetrovsk Oblast (Дніпропетровська область), Dnipro Raion (Дніпровський район), Dnipro (Дніпро) [Dnipropetrovsk until 19 May 2016], Tunelna Balka tract (Тунельна балка) [the name of an area with oak forest in the sou­thern part of the city, see Fig. 15], 48°25'11.8"N, 35°02'59.8"E, 15.vii.2005, 1 ♂ and 1 ♀ excavated from their burrows near the edge of a forest path under oak tree, OSD leg., coll. OSD and SIZK; 16.vi.2006, 3 ♂♂ and 4 ♀♀ excavated from their burrows, OSD leg., coll.SIZK; 16.vii.2006, 1 ♂ and 1 ♀ excavated from their burrows, OSD; 26.vii.2006, 1 ♂ excavated from its burrow near the edge of a forest path under oak tree, OSD; 20.–25.vii.2007, 1 ♂, OSD leg., coll. SIZK; 16.–17.vi.2008, 4 ♂♂ and 5 ♀♀ excavated from their burrows + at light, OSD leg., coll. SIZK; 18.vi.2008, 1 ♀, at light, OSD leg., coll. SIZK; 1.–10.vii.2008, 3 ♂♂ and 8 ♀♀ excavated from their burrows + at light, OSD leg., coll. SIZK (for partial data on these records see Vasko 2010); 3.vi.2013, 1 ♂ and 1 ♀ excavated from their burrows, OSD leg., coll. GML; 48°25'10.7"N, 35°02'54.5"E, June 2009, 3 ♀ excavated from its burrow near the edge of a forest path under oak tree, OSD leg., coll. OSD and GML; 16.vi.2010, 1 ♀, 8.vi.2010, 1 ♂, 18.vi.2010, 1 ♂ and 1 ♀, at light, OSD leg., coll. SIZK; 48°25'02.8"N, 35°02'26.6"E, 5.vii.2014, 1 ♂, at light, OSD leg., coll. SIZK; 8.–15.vi.2014, 13 spec. excavated from their burrows near the edge of a forest path under oak trees, OSD (1 ♀ in coll. DJP); 48°25'04.8"N, 35°02'40.6"E, 6.vi.2015, 1 ♂ excavated from its burrow under oak tree, OSD leg., coll. DJP; 16.vii.2015, 1 ♂, OSD leg., coll. NHMK; 48°25'12.8"N, 35°03'00.7"E, 8.vi.2010, 1 ♂ in flight, OSD; 18.vi.2010, 1 ♂ and 1 ♀, at light, OSD; 11.vi.2015, 1 ♀, at light at 21.40 EEST (= 61 min after sunset), OSD leg., coll. DKP deposited in NMPC; 48°24'57.3"N, 35°02'33.1"E, 1.vii.2015, 1 ♂ and 1 ♀ excavated from their burrows under oak tree (distance between these two burrows was 40 cm), OSD leg., coll. DJP; 48°25'00.0"N, 35°02'22.4"E, 7.vii.2015, 1 ♂, dead on a forest path, OSD leg., coll. DJP; 48°25'01.1"N, 35°02'23.6"E, 7.vii.2015, 1 ♀ excavated from its burrow under oak tree, OSD leg., coll. DJP; 48°24'57.1"N, 35°02'13.0"E, 9.–12.vii.2015, 1 ♂ and 1 ♀, pitfall traps, OSD leg., coll. DJP and DKP (deposited in NMPC); 48°25'02.1"N, 35°02'22.6"E, 8.vi.2016, 4 ♂♂ and 3 ♀♀ excavated from their burrows under oak trees, OSD leg., coll. DJP and GML; 48°25'0.70"N, 35° 2'22.30"E, 106 m a.s.l., 10.vi.2016, more spec. excavated from their burrows, OSD leg., 5 ♂♂ and 2 ♀♀ in coll. ASK, 1 ♂ and 2 ♀♀ in coll. VSM, 1 ♀ in coll. YSK; 48°24'55.9"N, 35°02'34.7"E, 16.–17.vi.2016, 2 ♂♂ excavated from their burrows under oak trees, together with 2 ♂♂ of Od. armiger, OSD leg., coll. DJP; 48°24'55.50"N, 35°2'33.20"E, 111 m a.s.l., 13.–25.vi.2020, 9 ♂♂ and 4 ♀♀, OSD leg., coll. ASK; 48°24'57.6"N, 35°02'29.4"E, 100 m a.s.l., 14.vii.2021, 1 ♂ excavated from its burrow, OSD leg., coll. DJP; 48°24'57.4"N, 35°02'30.7"E, 100 m a.s.l., 14.vii.2021, 2 ♂♂ excavated from its burrow, OSD leg., coll. DJP and GML; Dnipro Raion (Дніпровський район), “Opytnoye” (“Опытное”) [= Doslidne (Дослідне)], research area of the Institute of Grain Crops of NAAS of Ukraine (Інститут зернових культур НААН України), 48°22'58.2"N, 35°02'01.7"E, 143 m a.s.l., June 1978, remains of a dead specimen (elytra) on the ground near the greenhouse, OSD leg. et coll. (for partial data on this record see Vasko 2010; Vasko and Bryhadyrenko 2011).

Comment

In the checklist of Ukraine (Martynov 2012), the species is listed from 12 of the 25 oblasts. The critical revision performed in the present study confirms occurrence in ele­ven of them with two additional ones: Sumy and Kirovohrad oblasts. Records from the Right Bank Ukraine are summarised by Vasko (2010). In the present study, new records from 15 Ukrainian localities are given, two of them (Schenborn and Semyhiria) being the first published records for the Zakarpattia and Kirovohrad oblasts, respectively.