This contribution is an update to the 2014 compilation of all supra- and (infra-) specific taxa of extant and fossil Valvatidae, a group of freshwater operculate snails near the base of Heterobranchia with a nearly worldwide distribution. This update includes corrections and many additions (two replacement taxon names, 21 mainly fossil taxa previously overlooked, and 37 invalid names) to the 2014 contribution and adds all newly described species (11) during the past eight years. The extensive reference list is directly linked, where possible, to the available electronic source of the cited papers.

freshwater snails, Gastropoda, taxonomy, Valvatidae

My compilation of all taxa of extant and fossil valvatid gastropods (Haszprunar 2014) has been positively received by the scientific community and was followed by similar taxonomic work on other important groups of freshwater gastropods such as Neubauer (2016) for Melanopsidae or Neiber and Glaubrecht (2019) for Paludomidae. My work inspired and facilitated several recent papers on the taxonomy of Valvatidae. In particular, Russian authors cleared up the status of many uncertain taxa and provided valuable data and high-quality images of type material (e.g., Sitnikova et al. 2015, 2017; Vinarski 2016; Sitnikova 2018; Shirokaya et al. 2019; Andreeva et al. 2021; Osipova et al. 2021).

In contrast, the paleontological analysis of Valvatidae (and other taxa with similar shell morphologies) is still hampered by the unavailability of key literature. Many important and also quite recent taxonomic papers on fossil taxa have been written in non-Roman alphabets and often are not available as a digitized version. Thanks to the kindness of several colleagues, I could access some of the most important papers in particular by Russian or Chinese authorities, and the results of checking the original descriptions and their circumstances are compiled and reviewed herein.

Whereas there is constant progress in detecting and describing new valvatid species, concerning both fossil and extant taxa (Table 1), our understanding of species delimitation in Valvatidae generally is still limited. Also, a robust phylogeny of the family is still in its infancy, since only a few papers have provided molecular data on valvatids (e.g., Hauswald et al. 2008; Clewing et al. 2014; Saito et al. 2018; Falniowski et al. 2021). In particular, the seemingly well-known and widely distributed Valvata piscinalis (O.F. Müller, 1774) is likely to represent a species complex spread all over the Palaearctic and (by introduction) also the Nearctic region.

As a result, there have not been any recent proposals of new genera or further revisions to the supraspecific classification. Accordingly, this update is limited to the species level. The present update adds two extant and nine fossil species recently described, two replacement taxon names, another 21 mainly fossil taxa previously overlooked, and nearly 40 names based on confusions, misspellings, or invalid publications (Table 1). In addition, numerous data on type localities or type material or sequence information are provided.

As in the previous work (Haszprunar 2014) all taxa (species, subspecies, named varieties) are listed alphabetically in their original version (only the spelling may be corrected according to the actual ICZN rules) regardless of validity, current taxonomic status, and synonymy. It is followed by either the citation to the page in my 2014 publication or indicated as a name newly treated herein. I also add available data sources (type material, anatomy, molecular data), which may be useful for future species delineation.

Two Ph.D. theses are discussed, since they contain the description of new taxa of Valvatidae (and of several other families): Bingle-Davis (2012) (University of North Dakota, U.S.A.) and Siodiropoúlou (2003) (Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece). Both theses do not satisfy the criteria for publication of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, Articles 8.1 and 8.6. Students and faculty advisors should ensure that Ph.D. theses do not include proposed new taxa, except as, e.g., “Species A” so that these manuscript names will not enter the taxonomic literature and databases.

A widely cited Chinese-language work, “Youlou 1978” is particularly problematic. Previous authors, myself included, did not realize that this name actually means “Editors” or “Editorial Board” in Chinese, and no individuals are identified as the authors of either this publication or specific sections of this publication. I was uncertain about the true authorship of the very many taxon names of fossil gastropods introduced in this work. Indeed, the authorship “Youluo” appeared in all cases in the online type catalogue of the Nanjing Institute as well as in the Zoological Record, and has been repeatedly cited by later authors. Meanwhile I was able to check the original paper and can confirm the term “Youluo” as the true (i.e., printed in this way) authority in all cases [checked by a native Chinese colleague]. Most important, the actual names of any member of this group are not provided anywhere in this volume. However, ICZN Art. 14 clearly states that “A new name or nomenclatural act published after 1950 with anonymous authorship [Art. 50.1] is not thereby made available”. Accordingly, all species names (more than 120 new taxa!) as well as higher taxa (e.g., family Bohaispiridae and many hydrobiid genera; see Kabat and Hershler 1993) being introduced in this work are not available from there, but may have become available later by other authorities, if they clearly refer to the reference with an image of specimens or a diagnosis of the species. Among the Valvatidae they are listed in alphabetic order below and the names are marked as fossil taxa by “†”:

† Valvata (Cincinna) applanata Zhu X., 1995

† “Liratina basicarinata”

† “Tropidina bellireticulata”

† “Liratina fahaniuensis”

† “Liratina hedobia”

† “Aphanotylus humeratus”

† “Valvata magniumbilicata”

† “Costovalvata minuta”

† “Valvata (Atropidina) pileiformis”

† “Liratina qikouensis”

† “Valvata (Cincinna) rehetaiensis” → Valvata rehetaiensis Zhu G.-X., 1980

† “Valvata ringentis”

† “Liratina tuozhuangensis”

† “Valvata zhouqingzhuangensis”

Details on these names are outlined below under each name.

The page number for the taxon name in my previous work (Nomenclator of Valvatidae: Haszprunar 2014) is given in parentheses as (Nom: ##).

Valvata aliena C.A. Westerlund, 1877 (Nom: 16)

Remarks: Sitnikova et al. (2015: 3–4, fig. 1B) provided a photo of the lectotype and from specimens of several localities as well as an extensive and annotated citation record in the Russian literature. Andreeva et al. (2021: fig. 1A) added excellent photos from specimens of the Taz River basin (western Siberia).

Valvata alpestris Küster, 1853 (Nom: 16)

Type locality: “in kleinen Seeen an der Quelle des Giessbaches ohnweit des Faulhorns bei Grindelwald” (Küster 1853: 87). According to current maps this is probably the “Schwarzseeli” near the Faulhorn at Grindelwald, Switzerland.

Types are figured by Boeters and Falkner (1998, not 2002 as stated).

† Valvata alta K.A. Ali-Zade, 1932 (NEW)

Original source: K.A. Ali-Zade 1932: 21, pl. 2: figs 12–14 (not seen, but according to Ali-Zade 1936: 17).

Type locality: near Naftalan, Azerbaijan.

Type horizon: Akchagylian, Upper Pliocene or Lower Pleistocene.

Remarks: Junior homonym of Valvata alta Deshayes, 1867, replaced by Valvata turbinoides K.A. Ali-Zade, 1936 (p. 17, pl. 1: figs 28–30).

† Valvata (Cincinna) altaica Popova & Starobogatov (in Popova, Devyatkin & Starobogatov, 1970) [not 1981 as stated in Haszprunar 2014] (Nom: 17)

Original source: Popova et al. 1970: 25, pl. 1: fig 2, pl. 2: figs 13, 14.

Type locality: Chuya Basin, left bank of the Chuya River, not located in Irkutsk Region as indicated in Haszprunar (2014), but in the southeastern part of Altai Mountains, Russia.

Type material: Holotype deposited in the Zoological Institute, of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg (No. ZIN 1/533-1968).

Remarks: Unfortunately this fossil species was omitted from the recent review of taxa created by Starobogatov (Sitnikova et al. 2017).

Cincinna (Sibirovalvata) amurensis Moskvicheva, 1985 (in Starobogatov & Zatravkin, 1985) (Nom: 17)

Type material: Holotype deposited in the Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg (No. ZIN 1/405-1973).

Remarks: Saito et al. (2018) provided molecular data from specimens from Vladimiro-Petrovka (near southwest border of Khanka Lake), Primorsky region, Russia.

†Valvata andreaei Menzel, 1904 (Nom: 18)

Type horizon: Quaternary.

Type material: not designated as such, but a sample with more than 20 specimens collected 1903 from the type localities (Alfeld an der Leine and Wallensen, Niedersachsen, Germany) with the original label stating “Zwergform von piscinalis” is stored in the Geozentrum Hannover (originally from Geowissenschaftliche Sammlungen Berlin, BGR) under BGR-B-STGR-000032180 (Alfeld) and BGR-B-STGR-000032693 (Wallensen).

“Valvata andrezowski” (GNI, GBIF) (Nom: 18)

Remarks: I reported about a label with this name in the Academy of Natural Sciences of Drexel University (Philadelphia). According to Bram van der Bijl (pers. comm. email 06 Feb 2014) the collection of the Biodiversity Center Naturalis (Leiden, Netherlands) holds a sample with a similar label.

† Valvata andrussovi A.A. Ali-Zade, 1967 (NEW)

Original source: A.A. Ali-Zade 1967: 224–225, pl. 84: figs 5, 6.

Type locality: Maly Balkhan, northwest Turkmenistan.

Type horizon: Upper Akchagylian, Lower Pleistocene.

Type material: Dr Pavel Frolov (pers. comm. via Dr. Paval Kijashko, 22 Feb 2022) said that the fossil molluscs described by A.A. Ali-Zade in 1967 are all stored in the Museum of Earth Sciences of Moscow State University (MES MSU).

Remarks: not treated in the last 50 years.

† Amplovalvata suturalis anjipingensis Yü, 1980 (in Yü & Pan, 1980) (Nom: 18)

Original source: Yü and Pan 1980: 149, pl. 3: figs 1, 2.

† Amplovalvata antiqua Pan, 1980 (in Yü & Pan, 1980) (Nom: 19)

Original source: Yü and Pan 1980: 148, pl. 2: figs 21–24.

† Valvata (Cincinna) applanata Zhu X., 1995 (Nom: 20)

Original source: Zhu X. 1995: 79, pl. 22: 1–14, pl. 23: 9–12. Directly referred to Youluo 1978 (not available from there; see above).

Type locality: Qinghai Goulucuonan.

Type horizon: Cenozoic.

Type series: Nanjing Institute of Geology and Paleontology, Samples ## 118778-118786 and ## 118794-118797 (13 specimens).

Valvata arenifera Lea, 1834 (Nom: 20)

Remarks: The history of misidentifications and nomenclature of this trichopteran insect with figures of the original description and with further links was presented by Lee (2015).

Valvata (Tropidina) armeniaca Walther & Glöer, 2019 (NEW)

Original source: Walther and Glöer 2019: 1–5: fig. 2 (1–3 shell of holotype, 9 and 10 shell of paratype), fig. 3 (environment of type locality).

Type locality: Armenia, Armavir Province, bridge over river Kasakh, 1.6 km W of Vagharshapat, 40.1650°N, 44.2558°E, 870 m asl, 27 Aug. 2018, F. Walther leg.

Type material: Holotype: Shell height 1.5 mm, width 2.5 mm, from type locality (Zoological Museum Hamburg ZMH 59491); Paratypes: from type locality (ZMH 59492, 3 specimens in ethanol); from type locality (F. Walther 13603; 1 dry shell); Ararat Province, Jrahovit, ditch S of the cemetery, 40.0450°N, 44.4880°E, 850 m asl., 26 Aug. 2018, leg. F. Walther (FW 14008, 1 specimen in ethanol).

† Valvata (Cincinna) arnaudi Repelin, 1902 (NEW)

Original source: Repelin 1902: 90, pl. 5: figs 40–42.

Type locality: Simeyroles, Département Dordogne in Nouvelle-Aquitaine, south France.

Type horizon: Cenomanian, Lowest Upper Cretaceous.

Type material: described from the collection Matheron, Museum nationale d´Histoire naturelle (MNHN), Paris.

† Valvata (Cincinna) austrina Pan, 1977 (Nom: 20)

Type locality: YH 5054-8-1, Mimalong, Lufeng County, Yunnan Province, China.

Type horizon: Fluvial-lacustrine horizon in the Zhanghe Formation, Bajocian, Jurassic.

Type material: Holotype at Nanjing Institute of Geology and Paleontology #24250.

† Paludina avia Eichwald, 1851 (NEW)

Original source: Eichwald 1851: 136, pl. 10: fig. 28a–c; reprinted in Eichwald 1852: pl. 10: fig. 28a–c (atlas) and Eichwald 1853: 288 (text). Nosowska (2020: 455) recently outlined that the names of all illustrations of Eichwald (1852, 1853) had been made available in 1851 in a Russian version with valid descriptions and an identical atlas. Until this paper all authors did not realize that the 1851 publication was a book on its own due to the identical plate numbering (this book is nearly unknown in European libraries). The year 1859 on the cover of the atlas being digitized at the Biodiversity Heritage Library (see references) and cited by Janssen (1984) obviously concerns a later edition.

Type locality: near Kuncza (today Kuncha, region of Khmelnytskyi/ Chmelnyzkyj), Ukraine.

Type horizon: Neogene (details not provided).

Remarks: Frauenfeld (1864: 576) regarded this species as belonging to Hydrobia, but later it was considered to belong to Amnicola. Recently, however, it has been listed as “Valvata avia (Eichwald, 1853)” by Neubauer et al. (2014c: Supplement 1). “Paludina cf. avia Eichw.” was found by Stiny (1924) in Tertiary layers at several locations near Feldbach in Styria (Austria).

Valvata baicalensis Gerstfeldt, 1859 (Nom: 21)

Remarks: Sitnikova (1991: 64–65, fig. 4) described and figured the egg capsules. Saito et al. (2018) provided molecular data from specimens from the type locality, Lake Baikal (Listvyanka), Russia. Sitnikova (2018: fig. 6A) illustrated the lectotype.

“Valvata baikalensis” mentioned in Bogachev (1961: 152) (NEW)

Remarks: misspelling of Valvata baicalensis Gerstfeldt, 1859.

† Valvata balchanica A.A. Ali-Zade, 1967 (NEW)

Original source: A.A. Ali-Zade 1967: 224, pl. 84: figs 1–4.

Type locality: Maly Balkhan, northwest Turkmenistan.

Type horizon: Akchagylian, Upper Pliocene to Lower Pleistocene.

Type material: Dr Pavel Frolov (pers. comm. via Dr. Paval Kijashko, 22 Feb 2022) stated that the fossil molluscs described by A.A. Ali-Zade in 1967 were all stored in the Museum of Earth Sciences of Moscow State University (MES MSU).

Remarks: not treated in the last 50 years.

† “Liratina basicarinata” mentioned in Youluo 1978 (Nom: 22)

Remarks: Not available from there (see above). I could not find a subsequent full reference on this species.

Valvata bathybia W. Dybowski, 1886 (Nom: 22)

Remarks: Type material unknown. Sitnikova (2018: fig. 2B) figured a topotype and further specimens from various localities from Lake Baikal.

† “Tropidina ? bellireticulata” mentioned in Youluo (1978) (Nom: 23)

Remarks: Not available from there (see above) or from Ye et al. (1996: 37; nomen nudum, no reference). I could not find a subsequent full reference on this species that would validate the name.

Valvata beltrani Contreras-Arquieta, 1993 (Nom: 23)

Remarks: Contreras-Balderas and Lozano-Vilano (1996) reported that this species, which lived in isolated springs in North Mexico, had become extinct at the time of discovery by the drying of the springs due to agricultural needs.

† Valvata beysehirensis Glöer & Girod, 2013 (Nom: 23)

Type material: Holotype deposited in Zoological Museum Hamburg (ZMH 79381). Paratypes: 3 shells in Museo Civico di Storia Naturale, Milano, Italy (MSNM Mo-36591), numerous shells in the collection of Alberto Girod (AGMal 3595), 3 shells in collection Glöer (Hettlingen, Germany).

† “Valvata heidemariae bicarinata Willmann, 1981” (Nom: 24)

Type material: According to Neubauer et al. (2014b: 22) deposited in the Geological-Paleontological Institute, University of Kiel, no number indicated.

Remarks: As outlined, the name is a junior homonym of Valvata bicarinata Lea 1841. Accordingly, the species has been renamed as Valvata heidemariae willmanni Neubauer, Harzhauser, Kroh, Georgopoulou & Mandic, 2014.

Valvata (Cincinna) biwaensis Preston, 1916 (Nom: 25)

Remarks: Saito et al. (2018) provided molecular data from specimens from the type locality, Lake Biwa, Japan.

Valvata (Cincinna) brandti Westerlund, 1897 (Nom: 26)

Type material: Walther and Glöer (2019: 4) checked the taxonomy of the species and although they did not have contact to type material, they concluded that “The original description of V. brandti is based on two lots. One was collected by A. Brandt in Lake Sevan, while the other was found by L. Młokosiewicz near Lagodekhi in Georgia. Between both localities is a distance of more than 150 km. The Lagodekhi record belongs to Caspicyclotus sieversi .... (Cyclophoridae)…..The other lot, however, seems to belong to Valvata piscinalis, which is known to occur in Lake Sevan (e.g., Mashkova et al. 2018)”.

Dr Pavel Kaijashko (pers. comm. 22 Feb 2022) provided the following additional valuable information: “Indeed, the original description of V. brandti is based on two lots … [mentioned by Walther and Glöer (2019)]. In 1912 W. Lindholm [Lindholm 1912] redefined the Lagodekhi finds and placed them to Cyclotus sieversi (now Caspicyclotus sieversi). The other lot he attributed to the genus Valvata. There is a handwritten entry by W. Lindholm in the ZIN RAS catalogue about this. The specimens of V. brandti collected by A. Brandt are poorly preserved. Nevertheless, their conchological features (shell size, shape and sculpture of the whorls, diameter of the umbilicus) indicate belonging to Valvata (Tropidina), but not to V. piscinalis.”

Valvata (Cincinna) aliena var. brevicula Kozhov, 1936 (Nom: 26)

Type material: Sitnikova et al. (2004) designated a lectotype, which was later illustrated by Sitnikova et al. (2015: fig. 1D). However, Vinarski and Kantor (2016: 274) reported that only syntypes but no lectotype could be found at the Zoological Institute, Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg (ZIN). Thus, it remains unclear whether or not the designated lectotype has been lost.

Remarks: Clewing et al. (2014, supplementary material) provided molecular data (as RU05/1). Sitnikova et al. (2015: 13–15) provided photographs of specimens from several localities as well as an extensive and annotated citation record in particular of the Russian literature. Recently, Andreeva et al. (2021: fig. 3B) added excellent photographs from specimens of the Taz River basin (western Siberia).

“Valvata californiensis Mss.” [manuscript] mentioned in Schmeltz (1869, IV: 75) (NEW)

Remarks: A nomen nudum like many other similar cases in the catalogue of the Godeffroy Museum (Bieler and Petit 2012: 46; #5353). Interestingly, a specimen with this name and “from California” was offered ten years later for 30 Pfennig in the “Tausch-Catalog” of the Nachrichtsblatt der Deutschen Malakozoologischen Gesellschaft (1879, Vol. 11: 102).

Valvata piscinalis var. cancellata Baudon, 1884 (NEW)

Original source: Baudon 1884: 293, pl. 10: fig. 5.

Type locality: Département de l Oise, France.

† Valvata cangshanensis Pan, 1982 (Nom: 28)

Original source: Pan 1982: 430–431, pl. 1: figs 24–27.

† “Valvata carinata Fuchs, 1870” (Nom: 28–29)

Remarks: As stated in Haszprunar (2014), a junior homonym of Valvata carinata Sowerby, 1834. Accordingly, the name has been meanwhile replaced by Neubauer et al. (2014a) by Muellerpalia pseudovalvatoides Neubauer, Harzhauser, Kroh, Georgopoulou & Mandic, 2014 (Hydrobiidae).

“Cincinna (Sibirovalvata) chankensis Prozorova, 1988” (NEW)

mentioned in Prozorova 1992: 106–107 (fig. 8 legend).

Remarks: Misspelling of Cincinna (Sibirovalvata) hankensis Prozorova, 1988.

Cincinna chersonica Chernogorenko & Starobogatov, 1987 (Nom: 29)

Type material: Vinarski and Kantor (2016: 270) stated that the “holotype” in the Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg (ZIN 1/41-1974) mentioned by Kantor et al. (2011: 66) is in fact a paratype and that the holotype is missing.

† “Valvata unicarinifera chiknaformis” (NEW)

mentioned in Bingle-Davis (2012: 104)

Horizon: Upper Cretaceous.

Locality: near the villages of Butera and Machhaghoda (Chhindwara District: Madhya Pradesh) ca. 160 km north of Nagpur (22.11 N, 79.14 E), eastern Dekkan Plateau, India.

Material: “Holotype”: InS1199 (Appendix 2 (Nom: 137), fig. N; 6.8 mm × 7.6 mm), deposited at University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota, USA.

Remarks: This subspecies name was mentioned in an unpublished PhD thesis (no ISBN or ISSN numbering) and thus is not formally described as required by ICZN Art. 8.1.3 and 8.6.

† “Valvata (Cincinna)” circinata (Greppin, 1855) mentioned in Wenz (1928: 2427) (NEW / Nom. 30)

Original source: Greppin 1855: 29, 71, pl. 3: fig. 11a–c (as Paludina circinata)

Type locality: Limestone banks von Sornetan and Tramelan, Val de Délemont/Bezirk Delsberg, Kanton Jura, Switzerland.

Type horizon: Lower to middle Miocene.

Remarks: Referred to Merian (1849: 34, mentioned there as Paludina circinata, a nomen nudum). ICZN Art. 50.1.1. states clearly that “If the identity of that other person is not explicit in the work itself, then the author is deemed to be the person who publishes the work”, making Greppin the author of Paludina circinata. However, contrary to the classification by Wenz (1928: 2427) this taxon with an extended large whorl and a broad apertural lip is certainly not a valvatid, but much more likely a Lithoglyphus. It is also not identical to those specimens from a nearby locality, which are illustrated and described by Sandberger (1870–1875: 324, pl. 18: fig. 5a–c) as Valvata circinata (and also referred to Merian). Accordingly, both Paludina circinata Greppin, 1855 and Valvata circinata Sandberger, 1871 remain valid taxa.

† “Valvata piscinalis var. cistopolitana G.I. Popov” (NEW)

cited as “cistopolitana nov.”, a nomen nudum in Goretsky (1964: 55) and secondarily by Balabanov et al. (2010: 196).

Remarks: I could not find any trace of this name in the papers of G.I. Popov or in subsequent papers, accordingly a “taxon inquirendum”, probably a nomen nudum, not available.

Valvata (Cincinna) confusa (Westerlund, 1879) (Nom: 31)

Remarks: Clewing et al. (2014: supplementary material) provided molecular data (as RU08/1). Saito et al. (2018) provided additional molecular data from specimens from Delga River, Khuvsgul, Mongolia. Andreeva et al. (2021: fig. 1B) added excellent photographs from specimens of the Taz River basin (western Siberia).

Valvata bicarinata var. connectans B. Walker, 1906 (NEW)

Original source: Walker 1906: 30 (not figured, described as unicarinate).

Type location: Lake Michigan, New Buffalo, Michigan, USA.

Type material: No. 24142 of coll. Walker (presumably now in University of Michigan Museum of Zoology). Alan Kabat (pers. comm. 30 Jan 2022) could not find it in the UMMZ database, but the sample may not yet be catalogued online.

Nerita contorta Müller, 1774 (Nom: 32)

Type material: Nekhaev et al. (2015) and Vinarski and Kantor (2016: 271) stated that they could not find type material in the Zoological Museum of Copenhagen, where Kantor et al. (2011: 66) had suggested it might exist.

† Valvata cosinensis Stache, 1889 (NEW)

Original source: Stache 1889: 117, pl. 2: fig. 26.

Type locality: In old coalmines, north of Cosina (today Hrpelje-Kozina) [5 km east of Trieste, Italy], Slovenia.

Type horizon: Stomatopsis horizon, Paleocene (see Jurkovšek et al. 2016: 358).

Remarks: Stache himself noted the high similarity with Valvata pupoidea Gould, 1961, currently considered as Lyogyrus pupoideus (Gould, 1841) (Amnicolidae).

“Valvata cupensis” mentioned in Bogachev (1961: 73) (NEW)

Remarks: misspelling of Valvata kupensis Fuchs, 1870.

† Aphanotylus dakangensis Pan, 1982 (Nom: 35)

Original source: Pan 1982: 432, pl. 2: figs 5–8.

† Valvata? dalaziensis Zhu G.-X., 1980 (Nom: 35)

Original source: Zhu 1980: 38, pl. 14: figs 24–26.

Type locality: Yanji, Jilin, Northeast [not northwest as stated in Haszprunar 2014] China.

Type horizon: Dalazi Formation, Lower Cretaceous.

† Valvata decollata Hislop, 1859 (Nom: 36)

Type horizon: Upper Cretaceous (not Tertiary as stated by Hislop).

Type material: Lectotype designated and figured by Hartman et al. (2008: fig. 18A–C), reprinted by Bingle-Davis (2012: 132), deposited under PIMG 1188 (Palaeo Invertebrate Mesozoic Gastropod) at the Natural History Museum of the United Kingdom (NHMUK), the original Latin description was translated to English.

† Amplovalvata deformis Pan, 1980 (in Yu & Pan, 1980) (Nom: 36)

Original source: Yu and Pan 1980: 149, pl. 2: figs 25, 26.

† Valvata (Cincinna) delaunayi Cossmann, 1907 (Nom: 36)

Type material: Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle , Paris (MNHN F-J08320 (holotype) and F-J08321 (paratype).

Valvata (Liratina) baicalensis var. demersa Lindholm, 1909 (Nom: 37)

Remarks: Sitnikova (1991: 64, fig. 3) described and figured the egg capsules. Sitnikova (2018: fig. 6G) illustrated the lectotype and specimens from various localities in Lake Baikal (fig. 8A–F, H).

† “Valvata densistriata” mentioned in Henderson (1935: 296) (NEW)

Remarks: Misspelling of Valvata densestriata Pilsbry, 1934 (Nom: 37).

“Valvata bicarinata depressa Walker” mentioned by Sterki (1907: 387) (NEW)

Remarks: Misspelling of Valvata bicarinata perdepressa Walker, 1906.

† Valvata (Tropidina) donghucensis Pan, 1977 (Nom: 38)

Type locality: YH 5033, Donghucun, Lufeng County, Yunnan, China.

Type horizon: Fengjiahe Formation, Jurassic (201.6 to 175.6 Mya).

† Valvata dromica Fontannes, 1881 (Nom. 39)

Remarks: Currently considered as Pseudamnicola dromica (Fontannes, 1881) (Hydrobiidae) (Neubauer et al. 2014c).

† Valvata ducati Esu & Girotti, 2015 (NEW)

Original source: Esu and Girotti 2015b: 151–152, figs 3–5. Previously mentioned and illustrated as “Valvata sp. nov.” by Ciangherotti et al. (1997: 307, pl. 1: fig. 3).

Type locality: Stirone River section, between Laurano and San Nicomede, Emilia, northern Italy.

Type horizon: Lower Middle Pleistocene.

Type material: stored in Senckenberg Museum Frankfurt (Holotype SMF 345836, paratypes SMF 345837/2).

† Valvata egregia Noulet, 1857 (NEW)

Original source: Noulet 1857: 12 (no figure).

Type locality: Calcaire de Villeneuve-la-Comtal et du Mas-Saintes-Puelles (Département Aude), southwest France.

Type horizon: Upper Eocene.

Remarks: Currently considered as Physotrema egregia (Noulet, 1857), a terrestrial species of the architaenioglossan family Craspedopomatidae.

“Valvata euzonia Ziegler” mentioned in Baudon (1884: 293) (NEW)

Remarks: one of the many unavailable names created by the Viennese shell dealer Franz Andreas Ziegler (see Rossmässler 1837: 32, legend to pl. 26: fig. 356, footnote; Schmidt 1846).

† Liratina fahaniuensis Zhu G.-X., 1980 [non Youluo 1978] (Nom: 41)

Original source: Zhu 1980: 39, pl. 19: fig. 4, referred to Youluo (1978).

Remarks: Not available from Youluo 1978 (see above), but Zhu (1980) fulfils all requirements of validation (description and figure).

Type locality: Xinmin, northeast China.

Type horizon: The lower part of the first section of the Eocene–Oligocene Shahejie Formation.

Cincinna falsifluviatilis Starobogatov in Anistratenko V.V. and Anistratenko O.Yu., 2001 (Nom: 41)

Original source: Anistratenko V.V. and Anistratenko O.Yu. 2001: 139–140, fig. 110 (as Cincinna falsifluviatilis; description by Starobogatov pro Valvata fluviatilis sensu Westerlund, 1886: 34 (actually, 134); non Colbeau, 1859) [see Sitnikova et al. (2017: 260)].

Type locality: The locality of the lectotype is unfortunately not provided by Vinarski and Kantor (2016: 268).

Type material: Lectotype in the Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg (ZIN), #1 in the systematic catalogue under the name.

Remarks: Originally the name was erected to replace “Valvata fluviatilis sensu Westerlund, 1886”. However, as outlined by Haszprunar (2014) a “sensu” name is not available, thus cannot be replaced. On the other hand, Vinarski and Kantor (2016: 268) recently found the original material of Westerlund mentioned by Anistratenko and Anistratenko (2001) and designated a lectotype. Accordingly, the requirements of ICZN Art. 16.4 are fulfilled to name this species.

† Valvata faujasii Dumas, 1876 (NEW)

Original source: Dumas 1876: 462, referred to: “Mém. De Faujas, etc. …., t. xiv, pl. 19: figs 13–17” (i.e., Faujas de Saint Fond 1809).

Type locality: coal mine near Saint-Paulet (de-Caisson), Départment du Gard, south France.

Type horizon: Paulétien, Upper Cretaceous.

Remarks: Faujas de Saint Fond (1809) did not provide a name. According to Repelin (1902: 89, as V. faujasi) the taxon is a junior synonym of Valvata minuta Draparnaud, 1805, currently considered as Islamia minuta (Draparnaud, 1805) (Hydrobiidae).

Valvata (Tropidina) fezi Altimira, 1960 (Nom: 42)

Remarks: Arconada and Ramos (2002) designated this hydrobiid species as the type species of their newly erected genus Spathogyna and provided SEM photographs of the shell, protoconch, radula, and body surface as well as anatomical data.

Valvata frigida Westerlund, 1873 (Nom: 43)

Remarks: Andreeva et al. (2021: fig. 5B–D) added excellent photos from specimens of the Ratta river and Taz River basin (western Siberia).

† “Valvata (Cincinna) fuiensis” mentioned in Wan et al. (2013: 464) (NEW)

Remarks: Misspelling of Valvata (Cincinna) fuxinensis.

Valvata (Cincinna) gafurovi Izzatullaev, 1977 (Nom: 44)

Type material: Holotype and 1 paratype in the Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg (ZIN), ##1, 2 in the systematic catalogue under the name. Nineteen further paratypes are listed by Vinarski and Kantor (2016: 271). Holotype figured by Shirokaya et al. (2019: fig. 13C).

Remarks: Sitnikova (1983) described in detail the reproductive system and placed the species in the subgenusPamirocincinna Sitnikova & Starobogatov in Sitnikova, 1983. Shirokaya et al. (2019: 238) followed this replacement and provided a detailed bibliography of the species.

† “Valvata antiqua var. gigas” mentioned by Goretsky (1956a: 33) (Nom: 45)

Remarks: mentioned as “sp. nov.”, but is a nomen nudum like several other species names in the same paper. Also mentioned some years later by Bogachev (1961: 85, 91, 93: Valvata antiqua - morpha gigas), again without any description or image.

“Valvata (Jekeliusiana) oecsensis halavatsi Gozhik, 2002” (Nom: 49)

Type locality: in Ukraine.

Remarks: Neubauer et al. (2014b: 20) pointed out that the original name “öcsensis” (Soós, 1934: 189) was erroneously emended to “oecsensis”. However, the correct emendation following ICZN rules is “ocsensis”, since it is not derived from a German but a Hungarian expression (ICZN 32.5.2.1). Current status: Valvata (Jekeliusiana) ocsensis halavatsi Gozhik, 2002.

Cincinna (Sibirovalvata) hankensis Prozorova, 1988 (Nom: 49)

Original source: Prozorova 1988: 1936–1938, figs 1 (shell), 2 (spawn).

Type material: Holotype (ZIN 1/514-1986) and 6 paratypes (ZIN 2/514-1986) are deposited in the Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg (ZIN).

† “Liratina hedobia” mentioned in Youluo 1978 (Nom: 50)

Remarks: Not available from there (see above) or from Ye et al. (1996: 48; misspelled as Liratina ? helobia; nomen nudum, no reference). I could not find a subsequent full reference on this species that would validate the name.

Valvata lewisi var. helicoidea Dall, 1905 (Nom: 50)

Remarks: Andreeva et al. (2021: 13, figs 1C, 2) confirmed the presence of this species in Siberia and added excellent photographs from specimens of the Taz River basin (western Siberia).

Valvata cristata hokkaidoensis Miyadi, 1935 (Nom: 52)

Remarks: Saito et al. (2018) provided molecular data from specimens from the type locality, Lake Toro, Hokkaido Prefecture, and from Doba River, Aomori Prefecture, Japan. These data suggest that this species name actually encompasses multiple species. A short live movie of this species by Akira Ooyagi is presented at www.youtube.com/watch?v=f6p3w4WWgG4.

† Valvata homalogyra Brusina, 1874 (Nom: 52)

Type material: According to Neubauer et al. (2016: 18, fig. 2A–C) “The syntype series includes 14 specimens [Croatian Natural History Museum in Zagreb] (NHMZ #1613 and NHMZ #1625.1–13) from Goručica SW Sinj (= Ruduša) described by Brusina (1874) but not illustrated due to bad preservation. Brusina (1897) subsequently illustrated only one specimen from Miočič. This misled Milan et al. (1974) to regard Miočič as the type locality and the specimen, which was available for the present study, as the “holotype” [fig. 2A–C]. Yet, surprisingly, the latter is apparently not even the specimen documented by Brusina (1897)”.

Remarks: Brusina (1874: 90) himself regarded Valvata homalogyra as closely related to the extant Valvata erythropomatia Hauffen, 1856. As outlined (Haszprunar 2014: 39), the latter species became type of Erythropomatiana Radoman, 1978, a genus name currently considered as a junior synonym of Hauffenia Pollonera, 1898 (Hydrobiidae). Accordingly, it is also likely that Valvata homalogyra is in fact a hydrobiid.

† “Aphanotylus humeratus” mentioned in Youluo 1978 (Nom: 53)

Remarks: Not available from there (see above) or from Ye et al. (1996: 49; nomen nudum, no reference). I could not find a subsequent full reference on this species that would validate the name.

“V. [i.e., Valvata] impressa” (NEW) Mentioned by Bogachev (1961: 91) and as “V. impressa Pfeff.” [Pfeffer?] by Goretsky (1964: 55) in the chapter Конхилиофауна кинельских отложений [Conchiliofauna of the Kinel-Lagerstätten] available at http://www.bibliotekar.ru/5-prareki-chetvertichnyi-period/7.htm

Remarks: I could not find any description of a “Valvata impressa”. The malacologist Georg Pfeffer (1854–1931) did not describe any Valvata species. The name is likely a double misspelling of Valvata depressa Pfeiffer, 1821.

Valvata inconspicua C.B. Adams, 1851 (Nom. 55)

Remarks: currently considered as Nanivitrea inconspicua (C.B. Adams, 1851) (Cochliopidae) (Jaume and Abbott 1948).

† Borysthenia intermedia Konrashov, 2007 (Nom: 56)

Type material: Holotype deposited at Paleontological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences (PIN) #5148/1.

† Borysthenia jalpuchense Gozhik, 2002 (Nom: 57)

Type locality: near Vinogradovka village, Odesa oblast, Bolhrads’kyi district, Ukraine.

Type horizon: Miocene, Middle Pontian.

Type material: Holotype (coll. Gozhik, #3162) figured by Osipova et al. (2021: fig. 3H).

Remarks: The species name should be jalpuchensis, since Borysthenia is feminine. Morphometric data of the shell compared with Borysthenia menkeana (Jelski, 1863) were provided by Osipova et al. (2021).

Valvata japonica Martens, 1877 (Nom: 57)

Type material: 1 syntype (of 2) from the Museum für Naturkunde, Berlin (ZSM # 38883 from the type locality, i.e., Hakone Lake) is figured by Vinarski (2016: 7, fig. 4E, F).

Remarks: Saito et al. (2018) provided molecular data of specimens from Doba River (Amori Prefecture) and Sagami-gawa River (Nagano Prefecture), Japan. These data suggest that this species name actually encompasses several biological species.

† Valvata jiaolaiensis Yu, Salvador, Wang, Fang, Neubauer, Li, Zhang & Wan, 2021 (NEW)

Original source: Yu et al. 2021: 5, fig. 3M–P.

Type locality. LK-1 borehole (36°15'55"N, 119°57'04"E), northern part of Jiaozhou City, Shandong Province, China.

Type horizon: Uppermost Cretaceous, Jiaozhou Formation; sample taken at a depth of 370.5 m.

Type material deposited in Nanjing Institute of Geology & Palaeontology: Holotype: NIGP #168642, paratype: NIGP #16864.

† Amplovalvata jingguensis Pan, 1977 (Nom: 57)

Original source: Pan 1977: 118, pl. 5: fig. 18.

Type locality: YHS492, Heping township, Jinggu County, Yunnan Province, China.

Type horizon: Bajocian/Bathonian fluvial-lacustrine horizon in the Hepingxiang Formation of China, Middle Jurassic (171.6–164.7 Mya).

Type material: Holotype deposited at Nanjing Institute of Geology & Paleontology NIGP #24247.

† “Valvata (Cincinna) joncheryacensis Wenz, 1923” (NEW)

Mentioned in Le Renard and Pacaud (1995: 98) and in Worldwide Mollusc Species Data Base (WMSDB).

Remarks: Misspelling of †Valvata joncheryensis Wenz, 1930. Wenz (1923) only included pulmonate species.

† Aphanotylus jurassicus Pan, 1980 (in Yü & Pan, 1980) (Nom: 58)

Original source: Yü and Pan 1980: 150, pl. 3: figs 15, 16.

Cincinna kamchatica Prozorova & Starobogatov, 1998 (Nom. 58)

Type material: Holotype (ZIN 1/97-1911) and 21 paratypes (ZIN 2/97-911) in Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg (ZIN).

† Valvata (Mesovalvata) karameilica Wei, 1984 (Nom: 58)

Original source: Wei in Xinjiang Dizhi Ju 1984, 84, pl. 49: figs 1, 2.

Type locality: Yandi’s booth: Qitai Jubei Yingxun, Xinjang province, China.

Type horizon: Quishan Street, Upper Triassic.

Valvata (Tropidina) kebapcii Odabasi, Glöer & Yildirim, 2015 (NEW)

Original source: Odabaşi et al. 2015: 137, figs 2–4, 11 (shell), 5 (head), 6 (operculum).

Type locality: Turkey, northwestern Anatolia, Ayvacik town, Tuzla Stream, 39°31'30.8264"N, 26°17'9.57"E, 81 m altitude.

Type material: Holotype COMULM-G 0050 (also figured by Walther and Glöer 2019: fig. 2.7, 2.8 and by Glöer 2019: 210, fig. 264), 5 paratypes COMULM-G 0051, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Turkey (COMULM).

Cincinna kizakikoensis Fujita & Habe, 1991 (Nom: 59)

Remarks: Saito et al. (2018) provided molecular data of specimens from Lake Nakatsuna, Nagano Prefecture, Japan.

Valvata (Costovalvata) klemmi Schütt, 1962 (Nom: 59).

Type material: A paratype (FS/8894) is stored in the Biologiezentrum Linz (Austria) (Aescht 2003).

Valvata fluviatilis var. kliniensis Milachevich/Milaschewitsch, 1881 (Nom: 59)

Type locality: According to Vinarski and Kantor (2016: 267), the type locality “Moujevo” near Moscow is currently named “Muzhevo” and is at approx. 56°27´14"N, 36°50´54"E.

Type material: 56 syntypes in the Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg (ZIN), #1 in systematic catalogue.

Cincinna (Sibirovalvata) klucharevae Starobogatov, 1985 (Nom: 60)

Type material: There are no type specimens in the collection of the Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences (ZIN). The specimen with number ZIN 1/523-2014 is a topotype that is not included in the type series.

† Valvata koehleri Harzhauser, Neubauer & Hoşgör, 2018 (NEW)

Original source: Harzhauser et al. 2018: 362–364, fig. 4 (shell and protoconch SEM).

Type locality: Kömürlü (40°46'14.74"N, 42°18'21.05"E, WGS84), Oltu-Narman Basin, northeastern Turkey.

Type horizon: Marly silt and sand of the upper Susuz Formation; Upper Oligocene or Lower Miocene.

Type material: Holotype (NHMW 2018/0019/0015) and paratypes (NHMW 2018/

0019/0016-0019), all from type locality and horizon, are deposited at the Naturhistorisches Museum, Wien (NHMW).

Valvata (Cincinna) korotnevi Lindholm, 1909 (Nom: 60)

Remarks: Remarks: Sitnikova et al. (2015: 3–9, fig. 1C) provided photographs of the lectotype and of specimens from several localities as well as an extensive and annotated citation record of the Russian literature in particular. Recently, Andreeva et al. (2021: fig. 3A) added excellent photographs from specimens of the Taz River basin (western Siberia).

“Valvata (Cincinna) aliena var. korotnewi Ldh. 1909” mentioned in Kozhov (1936: 17, 18). (NEW)

Remarks: Misspelling of Valvata (Cincinna) korotnevi Lindholm, 1909, correctly listed by Sitnikova et al. (2015: 11).

Valvata kournasi Glöer & Hirschfelder, 2019 (NEW)

Original source: Glöer and Hirschfelder 2019: 18–21, figs 40–42 (shell), fig. 43 (maps), figs 44–46 (type locality).

Type locality: Nómos Chaniá, outflow of Lake Kournas, 3 km southeast of Georgioúpoli, Crete, Greece.

Type material: Holotype (ZMH 140040: also figured by Glöer 2019: 211, fig. 265) and 1 paratype (ZMH 140041) are stored in the Zoological Museum of Hamburg, Germany (ZMH), remaining paratypes (9 + 1 juv.) in coll. Hirschfelder (Kelheim, Germany).

Remarks: The anatomy of this species is unknown because only subrecent (fossil or dead) shells have been found.

Megalovalvata kozhovi Sitnikova, 1983 (Nom: 60)

Remarks: Sitnikova (2018) illustrated the holotype (fig. 6H) and paratypes (fig. 10G–J) from various localities of Lake Baikal.

† Valvata vanciana var. kubanica Krestovnikov, 1931 (NEW)

Original source: Krestovnikov 1931: 20, pl. 2: figs 19–25. Redescribed and figured by Yakhimovich et al. (2000: 65, pl. 4: figs 7–10) as Valvata kubanica Krestovnikov, 1929

Type locality: Sediments of Estuary of Velykyi Kuyalnik River near Odessa, northwest Black Sea, Ukraine.

Type horizon: Pleistocene.

“Valvata kurensis” mentioned in Bogachev (1961: 73) (NEW)

Remarks: Misspelling of Valvata kupensis Fuchs, 1870.

Valvata (Pseudomegalovalvata) laethmophila Bekman & Starobogatov, 1975 (Nom: 61)

Remarks: Sitnikova (2018: fig. 2D) figured the holotype.

“Valvata lanta” mentioned in Bogachev (1961: 152) (NEW)

Remarks: Misspelling of Valvata lauta Lindholm, 1909.

† Valvata (Cincinna) andreana var. latior Menzel, 1904 (Nom: 62)

Type horizon: Quaternary.

Type material (more than 20 specimens without designation as types) is stored in the Geozentrum Hannover (originally from Geowissenschaftliche Sammlungen Berlin, BGR) starting with # BGR-B-ORIG-000181564 to # BGR-B-ORIG-000181888.

Valvata lietuvensis Chernogorenko & Starobogatov, 1987 (Nom: 64)

Type material: Holotype (ZIN 1/601-1986) and 10 paratypes (ZIN 2/601-1986 and ZIN 3/601-1986) in the Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg (ZIN). The type series includes the holotype and 10 paratypes. Holotype figured by Sitnikova et al. (2017: 257, fig. 3A–C). Additional data by Vinarski and Kantor (2016: 264).

“Valvata luguensis” mentioned by Du et al. (2017: 871) (NEW)

Locality: Lake Lugu (alpine, 2690 m above sea level), with the middle of the lake forming the border between the Ninglang County of Yunnan Province and the Yanyuan County of Sichuan Province, China.

Remarks: Not described or figured by the authors or subsequently, thus a nomen nudum. According to Wiese et al. (2020: 1101) this species might be endemic to Lake Lugu. Clewing et al. (2014) have previously provided molecular data of this lineage as “Valvata sp. from Lake Lugu”, resp. “clade CN07/1”. According to their analysis the species belongs to the subgenus Tropidina.

† Amplovalvata magna Pan, 1980 (in Yu & Pan, 1980) (Nom: 65)

Original source: Yu and Pan 1980: 150, pl. 2: figs 5, 6.

† “Valvata magniumbilicata” mentioned in Youluo 1978 (Nom: 65)

Remarks: Not available from there (see above). I could not find a subsequent reference on this species that would validate the name.

† Provalvata maior Cataldo, Lazo, Luci & Aguirre-Urreta, 2019 (NEW)

Original source: Cataldo et al. 2019: 453–455, figs 6 (9–12), 7 (9–12).

Type locality: Quebrada del Gastrópodo, Mendoza Province, Argentina.

Type horizon: La Tosca Member, Huitrín Formation, facies D1, Barremian, Lower Cretaceous.

Type material: Holotype deposited in Museo de Ciencias Naturales y Antropológicas Juan Cornelio Moyano, Colección de Paleontología de Invertebrados, Mendoza, Argentina (MCNAM-PI) 24524.3; paratypes MCNAM-PI 24524.1, 24524.5, and 24524.6; Colección de Paleontología, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina (CPBA) 23706.1.

Remarks: Cataldo et al. (2019: 451) placed the species “not without hesitation” in Provalvatidae.

† Amplovalvata mansueta Pan, 1982 (Nom: 66)

Original source: Pan 1982: 431–432, pl. 2: figs 3, 4.

† Valvata mathiasi Esu & Girotti, 2018 (NEW)

Original source: Esu & Girotti, 2018: 49–54, figs 2, 3.

Type locality: Sambuca Lago Piccolo, Tavarnelle Val di Pesa, Tuscany, Italy.

Type horizon: Lower Pliocene.

Type material. Holotype Senckenberg Museum Frankfurt (SMF) 349126, from SLP3;

paratypes SMF 349127/3 and 349128/1, also Museo di Scienze della Terra of Sapienzia Universita (formerly Museo di Paleontologia), Roma, Italy, MPUR7-3959/50, 3960/80, 4153/20.

Remarks: the largest true Valvata known.

† “Valvata (Cincinna) mengyinensis (Grabau)” mentioned in Kobayashi (1983: 57) (NEW)

Remarks: probably an error for Bithynia mengyinensis Grabau, 1923, which is shown in the same figure as Valvata suturensis by Grabau (1923: 161, fig. 7a–d (Bithynia mengyinensis), fig. 7e–g (Valvata suturalis)).

Valvata microscopica Nevill, 1889 (Nom: 68)

Type material: According to Ponder et al. (2014: 139) the holotype, originally deposited in Calcutta Museum, India, is apparently lost. Annandale and Kemp (1916: 347, text fig. 3) figured a “co-type” labelled as Cyclostrema microscopica, which was reproduced by Ponder et al. (2014: 140, fig. 27).

Remarks: Ponder et al. (2014: 139ff) tentatively treated this species as microscopica (Nevill, 1877) (Truncatelloidea, Clenchiellidae).

Cincinna (Sibirovalvata) sibirica middendorffi Starobogatov & Zatravkin, 1985 (Nom: 69)

Remarks: Saito et al. (2018) provided molecular data from specimens from Nadezhdinsky District, Primorsky region, Russia.

† Valvata minima Hislop, 1859 (non Fuchs, 1877) (Nom: 69)

Type horizon: Upper Cretaceous (not Tertiary).

Type material: Lectotype designated and figured by Hartman et al. (2008: fig. 15A, B), reprinted by Bingle-Davis (2012: 132), deposited under PIMG 1251 (Palaeo Invertebrate Mesozoic Gastropod) at the Natural History Museum of the United Kingdom (NHMUK); the original Latin description was translated to English.

† “Valvata minima Fuchs, 1877” (Nom: 69)

Remarks: As outlined this name is a junior homonym of Valvata minima Hislop, 1859. Accordingly, the name was replaced by Pseudamnicola welterschultesi Neubauer, Harzhauser, Kroh, Georgopoulou & Mandic, 2014 (Hydrobiidae: Pseudamniocolinae). Neubauer et al. (2014b: 19) did not agree with Wenz (1928: 2439), who considered synonymy of Valvata minima Fuchs, 1877 with Valvata serbica Brusina, 1902 (an available name).

† Provalvata minor Cataldo, Lazo, Luci & Aguirre-Urreta, 2019 (NEW)

= Provalvata sp. in Lazo et al. (2017: 32, fig. 5k, l).

Original source: Cataldo et al. 2019: 451–453, figs 6 (1–8), 7 (1–8).

Type locality: Quebrada del Gastrópodo, Mendoza Province, Argentina.

Type horizon: La Tosca Member, Huitrín Formation, facies D1, Barremian, Lower Cretaceous.

Type material: Holotype deposited in Museo de Ciencias Naturales y Antropológicas Juan Cornelio Moyano, Colección de Paleontología de Invertebrados, Mendoza, Argentina (MCNAM-PI) 24523.3, paratypes MCNAM-PI 24523.2, 24523.4 and 24523.5; Colección de Paleontología, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina (CPBA) 23704.1.

Remarks: Cataldo et al. (2019: 451) placed the species “not without hesitation” in Provalvatidae.

† “Costovalvata minuta” mentioned in Youluo, 1978 (Nom: 70)

Original source: Youluo 1978 (not available from there, see above).

Type locality: Qingjiang Basin, Jiangxi, China.

Type horizon: Linjang Formation, Eocene.

Type material: Nanjing Institute of Paleontology and Geology, sample # 93414.

Valvata minutissima Wattebled, 1884 (Nom: 70).

Type material: Ponder et al. (2014: fig. 2A–C) figured the holotype, which is stored in the Muséum national d´Histoire naturelle, Paris (MNHN-IM-2000-33594).

Remarks: Ponder et al. (2014: 126ff, figs 2, 4, 15, 33) confirmed synonymy with Clenchiella papuensis Benthem Jutting, 1963 and provided details on morphology, SEM photographs of the operculum (fig. 4E, F), radula (fig. 5C, D), anatomy (fig. 15), and COI sequences (fig. 33) of this species, which is now treated as Clenchiella minutissima (Wattebled, 1884) (Truncatelloidea, Clenchiellidae).

† Valvata montanaensis Meek, 1876 (Nom: 71)

Remarks: In a published abstract of a conference, Canoy Illies and Hartmann (2018) designated a lectotype (USNM-PAL 2177a) and proposed (but not named) a new genus with this species as type species. Also, the type horizon is specified as the upper part of the Judith River Formation in Upper Missouri, Montana (Coal Ridge Member, Rogers et al. 2016).

Valvata montenegrina Glöer & Pešić, 2008 (Nom: 71)

Remarks: The holotype of V. montenegrina is figured by Glöer (2019: 203, fig. 254). Barcoding sequences of the COI gene are deposited by Falniowski et al. (2021) in GenBank with the numbers MZ027632 and MZ027633.

“Valvata montenegrinus Glöer & Pešić, 2008” in Glöer (2019: 203) (NEW)

Remarks: Misspelling of Valvata montenegrina Glöer & Pešić, 2008 (no reason given for gender change).

† Valvata multicarinata Hislop, 1859 (non Yen, 1946) (Nom: 73)

Type horizon: Upper Cretaceous (not Tertiary).

Type material: Lectotype designated and figured by Hartman et al. (2008: fig. 17A–D), reprinted by Bingle-Davis (2012: 132), stored under PIMG 1190 (Palaeo Invertebrate Mesozoic Gastropod) at the Natural History Museum of the United Kingdom (NHMUK); the original Latin description was translated to English.

Valvata nowshahrensis Glöer & Pešić, 2012 (Nom: 75)

Holotype also figured by Glöer (2019: 213, fig. 267).

† “Valvata nikosi” mentioned in Esu and Girotti (2015: 78) (NEW)

Remarks: Mismatch of Pyrgula nikosi Esu & Girotti, 2015 and Valvata pyramidula Esu & Girotti, 2015, both described in the same paper.

Cyclostoma obtusum Draparnaud, 1801 (Nom: 76)

Type material (10 syntypes, most of them juveniles or subadults) have been located by Vinarski and Kantor (2016: 269) in the Naturhistorisches Museum Wien (NHM), # 14704.

Remarks: Several Russian authors regard this species as valid, whereas most European authors consider this to be a synonym of Valvata piscinalis O.F. Müller, 1774.

† Valvata octonaria Brusina, 1902 (Nom: 76)

Remarks: The taxon was ranked as subspecies of Valvata simplex Fuchs, 1870 (non Gould 1847) by Wenz (1928: 2476). According to Neubauer et al. (2014b: 20) its generic affiliation is currently uncertain and needs revision; the current status is Muellerpalia octonaria (Brusina, 1902) (Hydrobiidae).

† “Valvata oecsensis Soós, 1934” mentioned in Papp (1953: 109), Schlickum (1978: 246, pl. 18: fig. 1), Stojaspal (1990: 651, pl. 1: fig. 2), and Harzhauser and Binder (2004: 10, pl. 3: figs 9–11).] (NEW)

Remarks: Neubauer et al. (2014b: 20) pointed out that the original name “öcsensis” in the cited publications was erroneously emended to “oecsensis”. However, the correct emendation following ICZN rules is “ocsensis”, since it is not derived from a German word (ICZN 32.5.2.1). Current status: Valvata ocsensis Soós, 1934.

Valvata (Pseudomegalovalvata) olkhonica Bekman & Starobogatov, 1975 (Nom: 77)

Remarks: Sitnikova (2018: fig. 2C) figured the holotype.

Valvata lewisi var. ontariensis Baker, 1931 (Nom: 77)

Remarks: Recently, Hinchliffe et al. (2019) confirmed by DNA barcoding that, despite the open coiling of the shell, this taxon is genetically identical to and thus a junior synonym of Valvata lewisi Currier, 1868. The authors also provided good photographs of the shells of both taxa.

† “Valvata oregonensis” mentioned in Hanna (1922: 11) (Nom: 78)

Remarks: As already outlined by Henderson (1935: 190), this name has been introduced in express synonymy by Hanna (1922: 12: “This species was briefly described under two names [V. whitei and V. calli] in 1910 by Hannibal”). Since the two names previously published are both available, the name Valvata oregonensis is not valid.

“Valvata cristata palustris Kormos” twice mentioned in Motuz 1975: 57), also listed in the Global Names Index GNI (Nom. 79)

Remarks: As assumed in Haszprunar (2014) this is a confusion between Valvata cristata Müller, 1774 and Lymnaea palustris Müller, 1774, both listed in Kormos (1912).

Valvata (Cincinna) pamirensis Starobogatov, 1972 (Nom: 79)

Type material: Type data were provided by Sitnikova et al. (2017: 259), who also figured the holotype (fig. 3G–I) (ZIN 1/241-1955) and paratype (ZIN 10/241-1955) from the type locality (# 10, fig. 3J–L) in the Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg (ZIN).

† “Valvata panagilae” [sic! not panagile] mentioned in Siodiropoúlou (2003: 41–42) (Nom: 79)

Remarks: This and four other fossil species (V. catariane, V. olgae, V. mariae, V. theocleti) from Pliocene – Pleistocene sediments of the Ptolemaida Basin (west Macedonia, Greece) are all extensively described and figured by Siodiropoúlou (2003). However, this PhD thesis never has been formally published, and thus the names are not available. I have also failed to detect any secondary reference using the name with a diagnosis or figure, which would make any of these names available.

Valvata (Megalovalvata) lauta var. parvula Kozhov, 1936 (Nom: 79)

Remarks: Sitnikova (2018: fig. 6D) illustrated the lectotype.

† Cincinna penglaizhenensis Pan, 1982 (Nom: 81)

Original source: Pan 1982: 431, pl. 1: figs 22–23, pl. 2: figs 1, 2.

† “Valvata (Atropidina) pileiformis” mentioned in Youluo 1978 (Nom: 83)

Remarks: Not available from there (see above) or from Ye et al. (1996: 49; nomen nudum, no reference). I could not find a subsequent full reference on this species that would validate the name.

Valvata (Liratina) baicalensis var. piligera Lindholm, 1909 (Nom: 83)

Remarks: Sitnikova (1991: figs 1.1, 2.1–4,) figured spawn and embryos [as Megalovalvata piligera piligera]. Vinarski and Kantor (2016: 282) provided data on types, type locality with coordinates, distribution, and bionomics. Saito et al. (2018) added molecular data from specimens from Lake Baikal (Listvyanka), Oblast Irkutsk, Russia. Sitnikova (2018) illustrated the lectotype (fig. 6E) and specimens of morphs nudicarinata (fig. 6F) and minor (fig. 8D).

Nerita piscinalis O.F. Müller, 1774 (Nom: 83)

Type material: Vinarski and Kantor (2016: 268) stated that they could not find type material in the Zoological Museum of Copenhagen as assumed by Kantor et al. (2011: 70).

† Valvata (Valvata) platispira Szőts, 1953 (NEW)

Original source: Szőts, 1953: 33, 145, pl. 2: figs 13–15.

Type locality: “Hosszúharasztos” (Harasztos quarry), Gánt, District Fejér, Hungary.

Type horizon: Eocene.

† Valvata (Cincinna) polita A.A. Ali-Zade, 1973 (NEW)

Original Source: A.A. Ali-Zade 1973: 155–156, pl. 45: figs 1a, 1b.

Type locality: Bozdag (hill), Lower Absheron Peninsula of Azerbaijan.

Type horizon: Lower Akchagylian, uppermost Pliocene.

Type material: Dr Pavel Frolov (pers. comm. via Dr. Paval Kijashko, 22 Feb 2022) provided information that the fossil molluscs described by A.A. Ali-Zade in 1973 are all stored in the Museum of Earth Sciences of Moscow State University (MES MSU). The holotype has inventory number (MES MSU # 28/308).

Remarks: judged from the figures, which show a non-circular aperture, this taxon is not a valvatid and is in need of revision.

† Valvata (Cincinna) pontica Pană, 1990 (NEW)

Original source: Pană, 1990: 63, pl. 1: figs 3–10.

Type locality: Valley Croitorului, village Sibiciul de Jos, district Buzău, Romania.

Type horizon: Upper Miocene, lower Pontium.

Type material: Holotype No. 674, Collection Laboratoire de Paléontologie III g, Bucarest, Romania.

† Valvata simplex var. polycincta Lörenthey, 1906 (Nom: 85)

Remarks: The name was synonymized with V. simplex octonaria by Wenz (1928: 2476), a view shared by Neubauer et al. (2014b: 21). Since the parent species name is not available and has been replaced (see below under Vatributarylvata simplex), the current status is Muellerpalia haszprunari octonaria Neubauer, Harzhauser, Kroh, Georgopoulou & Mandic, 2014 (Hydrobiidae).

Valvata (Pseudovalvata) profundicola Bekman & Starobogatov, 1975 (Nom: 87)

Remarks: Sitnikova (2018: fig. 12F) figured the reticulate pattern of the shell by SEM and provided photographs (fig. 2A) and measurements of paratypes.

† Valvata (Borysthenia) pronaticina Lindholm, 1932 (NEW)

Original source: Lindholm 1932: 17, pl. 3: fig. 8a–h.

Type locality: East border of creek Betekei, a tributary of river Ischim near Selim-Dzhevar; district Petropavlovsk, province Akmolinsk (now Astana), North Kazachstan.

Type horizon: Lower Pliocene.

Type material: stored in the Central Scientific Research Geological Exploration Museum named after F.N. Chernyshev (CNIGR) # 412–419/3355 (see Malchevskoya 1985: 211). 21 syntypes are deposited in the Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg (ZIN 1/359-1935).

† “Valvata cristata pslustris” [sic] mentioned in Ye et al. (1996: 166) (NEW)

Remarks: probably misspelled and confused with Stagnicola palustris (O.F. Müller, 1774).

“Costovalvata pulchra” mentioned in Ye et al. (1996: 47) (NEW)

Remarks: nomen nudum, not available.

Nerita pusilla Müller, 1774 (Nom: 88)

Original source: Müller 1774: 171 (# 357) referring to “Berl(in) Magaz(in) [Berlinisches Magazin: 4. B(and) p(agina) 268, t(abula) 8, f(igura) 26”, published 1769].

Type material: Not mentioned by Nekhaev et al. (2015). Vinarski and Kantor (2016: 265) failed to find type material in the Zoological Museum of Copenhagen.

Remarks, The figures (25 and 26)) in the article “Berlinisches Magazin” (an author is not identified) certainly refers to a species of Valvatidae and not to a neritid.

“Valvata pygrncea” mentioned at many webpages, e.g., https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:The_Quarterly_journal_of_the_Geological_Society_of_London_(1867)_(14595069379).jpg (NEW)

Remarks: Misspelling of Valvata pygmaea C.B. Adams, 1849 because of erroneous text recognition.

† Valvata pyramidula Esu & Girotti, 2015 (NEW)

Original source: Esu and Girotti 2015a: 76–78, figs 29–32.

Type locality: S-SW of Neos Erineos, Greece (GPS w66 = 38°16'45.22"N, 21°59'46.33"E).

Type horizon: Upper Lower Pleistocene, grey-yellow silty clays of the Synania Formation.

Type material in Senckenberg Museum Frankfurt (holotype SMF 345727, paratypes SMF 345728/3).

† “Liratina qikouensis” mentioned in Youluo 1978 (Nom: 89)

Remarks: Not available from there (see above) or from Ye et al. (1996: 49; nomen nudum, no reference). I could not find a full reference on this species that would validate the name.

† Valvata (Cincinna) racovetzae Popova & Starobogatov (in Popova, Devyatkin & Starobogatov, 1970) (NEW)

Original source: Popova et al. 1970: 23 (pl. 1: fig. 3), 26.

Type locality: The Chuya Basin (or Chuya Steppe), southeastern part of the Altai Mountains, Russia.

Type horizon: Kyzylgir formation, Middle to Upper Pliocene.

Type material: Holotype deposited in the Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg (ZIN 1/533-1968).

Remarks: Unfortunately this fossil species is not included in the review of freshwater gastropod taxa created by Starobogatov (Sitnikova et al. 2017).

† “Valvata (Cincinna) rakovetzae” mentioned in Popova et al. 1970: 26

Remarks: Probably a misspelling of † Valvata (Cincinna) racovetzae: (1) The figure legend at page 23 (first mention in the paper) states “racovetzae”. (2) The same paper includes the description of Anisus (Pseudocarinogyraulus) racovetzae (Hygrophila: Planorbidae; pp. 43, 44) and Odhneripisidium racovetzae (Bivalvia: Pisidiidae; pp. 72, 74), showing the general preference of the authors for the latter spelling. (3) The second author, Bogachkin (1981: 33) listed a similar species as “Valvata cf. racovetzae Pop. Et Starob.”. On the other hand, Dr Pavel Kijashko (pers. comm. 22 Feb 2022) stated that “I believe that the name “rakovetzae” is a priority. It is indicated in the original description and on the original identification label by the hand of Starobogatov it is written: “V. rakovetzae, holotype”. Perhaps it is Starobogatov’s typo (it cannot be clarified now), but it does not contradict ICZN.” The matter may be decided by the Commission of Zoological Nomenclature.

† Valvata (Cineinna) [sic!] rehetaiensis Zhu G.-X., 1980 [non Youluo 1978] (Nom: 90)

Original source: Zhu 1980: 38, pl. 19: fig. 3, referred to Youluo (1978).

Remarks: Not available from Youluo 1978 (see above), but Zhu (1980) fulfils all requirements of validation (description and figure). The subgenus Cincinna is misspelled as Cineinna.

Type locality: Coastal region of Bohai, northeast China.

Type horizon: The lower part of the first section of the Eocene–Oligocene Shahejie Formation.

† “Valvata ringentis” mentioned in Youluo 1978 (Nom: 91)

Remarks: Not available from there (see above). I could not find a subsequent full reference on this species, which would validate the name. The name “A. [Amnicola] ringentis Youluo” mentioned in Qu et al. (2006: 361) refers to another (likewise not available) name and species (Youluo 1978: 49, pl. 6: figs 29, 30, pl. 7: figs 19, 20).

† Valvata robusta Martinson, 1882 (Nom: 91)

Original source: Martinson 1982: 70, pl. 16: figs 23, 24.

Type locality: Tsogt-Ovoo of Gobi desert, southeastern Mongolia.

Type horizon: Upper Cretaceous, Albian, Khukhtyk Formation.

Type material: Holotype No. 5577/4 deposited at Limnological Institute, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Paratypes: 10 in good condition, 8 in satisfactory condition.

† Valvata sayni Delafond & Deperet, 1893 (Nom: 93)

Remarks: Also listed as “Valvata sibinensis Neum. var. sayni Font.” by Jodot (1955: 601). As previously noted, Fontannes (1883: 440) only published a nomen nudum, which was later made available by Delafond and Depéret (1893: 47).

† Valvata serbica Brusina, 1902 (Nom. 94)

Remarks: As previously noted, Brusina’s name is a junior synonym of Valvata minima Fuchs, 1877, the latter is a junior homonym of Valvata minima Hislop, 1859. Accordingly, the Brusina/Fuchs name has been replaced by Neubauer et al. (2014b: 19) as Pseudamnicola welterschultesi Neubauer, Harzhauser, Kroh, Georgopoulou & Mandic, 2014 (Hydrobiidae).

Valvata cristata var. sibirica Middendorff, 1851 (Nom: 95)

Type material: Vinarski and Kantor (2016: 277) explained that Bogatov and Zatravkin (1992: 33) did not designate a lectotype as assumed by Prozorova and Starobogatov (1998: 56) but only listed a syntype (collected in Barnaul). This syntype is kept in Zoological Institute of the Academy of Sciences, St. Peterburg (ZIN), as # 1 under the name. Glöer (2019: 213, fig. 268: 5–7) also figured syntypes from the Naturalhistoriska Museet Goteborg (GNHM 4677).

Remarks: Andreeva et al. (2021: fig. 5A) published excellent photographs of specimens of the Taz River basin (western Siberia).

† “Valvata (Valvata) simplex Fuchs, 1870” (Nom: 95–96)

Remarks: As outlined in Haszprunar (2014: 95), the taxon is a junior homonym of Valvata tricarinata var. simplex Gould, 1841 and is in fact a hydrobiid. Accordingly, the name has been replaced by Neubauer et al. (2014b: 19–20) with Muellerpalia haszprunari Neubauer, Harzhauser, Kroh, Georgopoulou & Mandic, 2014 (Hydrobiidae). The same authors also renamed †Valvata octonaria Brusina, 1902 (although only tentatively: “needs revision”) as Muellerpalia haszprunari octonaria (Brusina, 1902).

“Valvata skniadica” mentioned in Ye et al. (1996: 166) (NEW)

Remarks: Misspelling of Valvata (Aphanotylus) skhiadica Bukowski, 1895.

Valvata (Cincinna) sorensis Dybowski, 1886 (Nom: 97)

Type material: According to Sitnikova et al. (2015: 10) type material may be stored in the Collection of the Benedict Dybowski Zoological Museum, Ivan Franko National University, Lviv (Ukraine).

Remarks: Clewing et al. (2014: supplementary material) provided molecular data (as RU02/2). Sitnikova et al. (2015: 10–19, figs. 4C, D) considered Valvata (Cincinna) sorensis var. abbreviata Lindholm, 1909 as a junior synonym, provided photographs of syntypes and from specimens of several localities as well as an extensive and annotated citation record in the Russian literature in particular. Andreeva et al. (2021: fig. 3C) added excellent photographs from specimens of the Taz River basin (western Siberia).

Valvata spirorbis Draparnaud, 1897 (Nom: 98)

Type material: According to Vinarski and Kantor (2016: 263) a single shell (syntype) is stored in the Naturhistorisches Museum Wien (NHM #14717).

† Valvata (Cincinna) splendida Szőts, 1953 (NEW)

Original source: Szőts, 1953: 33, 145–146, pl. 2: fig. 16.

Type locality: “Hosszúharasztos” (Harasztos quarry), Gánt, District Fejér, Hungary.

Type horizon: Upper Lutetian to lower Bartonian, Middle to upper Eocene.

† Valvata stevanovici Ilyina (in Stevanovich & Ilyina, 1982) (Iljina in Global Names Index GNI and Index of Organism Names ION) (Nom: 98)

Type material: Holotype stored in the Paleontological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences (PIN 2220/587).

“Valvata radiatula subnaticina” (NEW) mentioned at GBIF, Catalogue of Life, World Register of Marine Species, and at Mineralienatlas https://www.mineralienatlas.de/lexikon/index.php/FossilData?fossil=Valvata%20radiatula%20subnaticina.

Remarks: The name is a mistake based on the description of Valvata subnaticina Łomnicki, 1886 (Nom: 100). There it is stated that fossils of forms similar to Valvata radiatula Sandberger, 1875 also occur at the type locality; the latter are clearly different from V. subnaticina, however.

“Valvata cristata monstr. subscalaris” mentioned in Baudon (1884: 294, pl. 9: fig. 19) (NEW)

Remarks: Obviously considered as a monstrosity, therefore not available.

† Liratina subtilostriata Pan, 1980 (in Yü & Pan, 1980) (Nom: 102)

Original source: Yü and Pan 1980: 148, pl. 2: figs 7–10.

† “Planorbis symmetricus Ludwig, 1865” mentioned in Haszprunar (2014: 103) (NEW)

Remarks: Misspelling for Planorbis symmetrus Ludwig, 1865; the current name is Valvata symmetra (Ludwig, 1865).

† Valvata tanaiticus Sanko, 2007 (NEW)

Original source: Sanko 2007: 75–76, text fig. 52.

Type locality: Korotoyak section at the Upper Don river, District of Voronezh Oblast, Russia.

Type horizon: Deeper than Alexandrian Interglacial, Middle Pleistocene.

Valvata (Pseudomegalovalvata) tenagobia Bekman & Starobogatov, 1975 (Nom: 104)

Type material: According to Vinarski and Kantor (2016: 273) holotype and 15 paratypes in the Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg (ZIN 1/122-1976 and ZIN 2/122-1976). The holotype is figured by Sitnikova (2018: fig. 2E).

“Valvata theotokii” mentioned in Haszprunar (2014: 105) and Glöer and Hirschfelder (2019: 10) (NEW)

Remarks: Misspelling of Valvata theodokii Locard, 1889.

“Liratina tongbinzhenensis” mentioned in Ye et al. (1996: 49, 50) (NEW)

Remarks: nomen nudum – not available.

† Valvata transbaicalensis Martinson, 1956 [non 1961] (Nom: 105)

Original source: Martinson 1956: 21, text fig. 16; pl. 2: fig. 14.

Type locality: Mordoy area, east Sibiria (Transbaikalia), Russia.

Type horizon: Lower Cretaceous (Valanginian – Hauterivian).

Cyclostoma tricarinata Say, 1817 (Nom: 105)

Remarks: Yurco and Keeney (2018) provided microsatellite data to enable analyses of population genetics of this widespread species.

† Valvata tuostaiensis Wei, 1984 (Nom: 107)

Original source: Wei in Xinjiang Dizhi Ju 1984, 84, pl. 49: figs 3, 4.

Type locality: Wuyiju Tostai, Xinjang Province, China.

Type horizon: Taxihe Formation, Miocene.

† “Liratina tuozhuangensis” [not Valvata tuozhuangensis as stated] mentioned in Youluo 1978 (Nom: 107)

Remarks: Not available from there (see above), nor from Meyerhoff et al. (1991: 102), Ye et al. (1996: 47, 160, 285), Ryo et al. (2000: 11), or Lin et al. (2005: 56): all these citations are nomina nuda lacking descriptions, figures, or detailed reference. I could not find any full reference on this species that would validate the name.

† Valvata turbinata Stache, 1889 (NEW)

Original source: Stache 1889: 117, pl. 2: fig. 24.

Type locality: Caracaea-oogones, north of Cosina (today Hrpelje-Kozina), (5 km east of Trieste) Slovenia.

Type horizon: Stomatopsis horizon, Eocene.

Remarks: Because of the Conus-like shell, a very doubtful member of Valvatidae.

† Valvata turbinoides K.A. Ali-Zade, 1936 (NEW)

Original source: K.A. Ali-Zade 1936: 17, pl. 1: figs 28–30 (not seen, according to MolluscaBase (2022: see references).

Type locality: near Naftalan, west Azerbaijan.

Type horizon: Akchagylian, uppermost Pliocene and lower Pleistocene.

Remarks: Replacement name for Valvata alta K.A. Ali-Zade, 1932, a junior homonym of Valvata alta Deshayes, 1862 (now considered as Bythinella alta (Deshayes, 1862), Bythinellidae). Not treated in the last 50 years.

“Valvata turkmena” mentioned in A.A. Ali-Zade 1967: 225) (NEW)

Remarks: Probably a misattribution of Pyrgula turkmena A.A. Ali-Zade, 1967, described in the same volume.

“Valvata piscinalis (Müll.) var. uistopolitana Pop[ov]” (NEW) mentioned in Petrova and Linkina (2014: 113) (NEW)

Remarks: A misspelling of Valvata cistopolitana (see above).

“Valvata umbilicata Parreyss” is also mentioned in Baudon (1884: 293) (Nom: 108)

† Valvata unicarinifera Hislop, 1859 (Nom: 108)

Type horizon: Upper Cretaceous (not Tertiary as stated by Hislop).

Type material: Lectotype designated and figured by Hartman et al. (2008: fig. 16A, B), reprinted by Bingle-Davis (2012: 132), deposited under PIMG 1239 (Palaeo Invertebrate Mesozoic Gastropod) at the Natural History Museum of the United Kingdom (NHMUK); the original Latin description was translated to English.

† “Valvata unicarinifera unicarinifera” mentioned in Bingle-Davis (2012: 104) (NEW)

Locality: near Kalmeshwar (station InL0096b), west of Nagpur, Savner Subdivision of Nagpur district in the state of Maharashtra, India.

Horizon: Cretaceous.

Material: “Holotype”: InS1159 (Appendix 2 (Nom: 137), fig. O; 1.5 mm × 1.7 mm) stored at University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota, USA.

Remarks: Although freely available online, this PhD dissertation lacks ISBN or ISSN numbering, thus is not formally published. Moreover, in erecting a second subspecies of Valvata unicarinifera Hislop, 1859 by Bingle-Davis in the same work (see above for “V. u. chiknaformis”), the original taxon becomes the nominal subspecies and cannot be replaced. Thus, the specimens of Bingle-Davis are formally not named and remain to be described in accordance with the rules of ICZN.

Valvata simplex var. unicincta Lörenthey, 1906 (Nom: 109)

Remarks: As outlined above (see under Valvata simplex) the parent species name is not available and has been replaced by Neubauer et al. (2014b: 21). The current status of this taxon, which needs revision, is Muellerpalia octonaria unicincta (Lörenthey, 1906) (Hydrobiidae).

†Valvata uralica Popov, 1965 (NEW)

Original source: Popov 1965: 227, pl. 5: figs 25–29.

Type locality: Kama tributary of the Middle Volga, Russia.

Type horizon: Pleistocene, Sokol Suite of the Kinel Formation.

Type material: unknown.

Remarks: also mentioned by Danukalova and Morozova (2003: 80) and Matoshko et al. (2004: 21).

“Valvata vaciani Nourn.” mentioned in Yahimovich et al. (2000: 65) (NEW)

Remarks: misspelling of Valvata vanciana Tournouër, 1875.

“Valvata venciana” mentioned in Bogachev (1961: 74) (NEW)

Remarks: misspelling of Valvata vanciana Tournouër, 1875.

† Cincinna (Cincinna) vinogradovskaense [sic] Gozhik, 2002 (Nom: 110)

Type locality: near Vinogradovka village, Odesa oblast, Bolhrads’kyi district, Ukraine.

Type horizon: Miocene, Middle Pontian.

Type material: Holotype (coll. Gozhik, #3163) figured by Osipova et al. (2021: fig. 3D).

Remarks: The species name should be vinog radovskaensis, since both Cincinna and Borysthenia are feminine. “Cincinna (Cincinna) vinogradovkensis” mentioned in Haszprunar (2014: 110) is a misspelling. Currently considered a species of Borysthenia Lindholm, 1914.

Valvata (Microcincinna) vystitiensis Chernogorenko & Starobogatov, 1987 (Nom: 111)

Type material: Type data provided and holotype figured by Sitnikova et al. (2017: 257, fig. 3D–F).

† Valvata heidemariae willmanni Neubauer, Harzhauser, Kroh, Georgopoulou & Mandic, 2014 (NEW).

Original source: Neubauer et al. 2014b: 22

Type locality: Vokasia-Tal, Kos, Greece.

Type horizon: Lower Pleistocene, Middle Iraki-Formation.

Type material: According to Neubauer et al. (2014b: 22) deposited in the Geological-Paleontological Institute, University of Kiel, no number provided.

Remarks: Replacement name for Valvata heidemariae bicarinata Willmann, 1981, a junior homonym of Valvata bicarinata Lea 1841.

† Valvata windhauseni Parodiz, 1961 (Nom: 112)

Remarks: Parodiz (1969: 110) himself later assigned this species to the freshwater genus Potamolithus Pilsbry, 1896 (Truncatelloidea, Tateidae).

† Valvata yongkangensis Yü, 1980 (Nom: 112)

Original source: Yü and Pan 1980: 147–148, pl. 2: figs 3, 4.

Type horizon: Middle Jurassic.

† Valvata zhongjiangensis Pan, 1982 (Nom: 113)

Original source: Pan 1982: 430, pl. 1: figs 18–21.

† “Valvata zhouqingzhuangensis” mentioned in Youluo 1978 (Nom: 113)

Remarks: Not available from there (see above) or from Ye et al. (1996: 48; nomen nudum, no reference). I could not find any full reference on this species that would validate the name.

I would like to thank many colleagues who provided me with previously non-digitized literature, in particular Gert Wörheide (GeoBio-Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich), who made the book of Youluo (1978) available, and Thomas A. Neubauer (Justus-Liebig-University of Gießen), who provided copies of the papers of the Ali-Zade family and several other important taxonomic works of the former Soviet area. Also, Dr Neubauer’s substantial work to update MolluscaBase and his comments as editor of ZooKeys were a significant help during the preparation of this work. I am indebted to the reviewers of the typescript, Mathias Harzhauser (Natural History Museum of Vienna), Alan Kabat (Harvard Museum of Comparative Zoology), and Pavel Kijaskho (Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg), who all provided significant help and data in order to improve the paper.