Research Article |
Corresponding author: Barna Páll-Gergely ( pallgergely2@gmail.com ) Academic editor: Martin Haase
© 2022 Barna Páll-Gergely, Jonathan D. Ablett, Márton Szabó, Eike Neubert.
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Citation:
Páll-Gergely B, Ablett JD, Szabó M, Neubert E (2022) Revision of the “ Chloritis delibrata (Benson, 1836)” group (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora, Camaenidae). ZooKeys 1086: 1-31. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1086.77180
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Chloritis delibrata (Benson, 1836), known from northeastern India, was believed to have three varietal forms, sometimes mentioned as subspecies: C. delibrata var. khasiensis (Nevill, 1877) and C. delibrata var. fasciata (Godwin-Austen, 1875) from the Khasi Hills, India, and C. delibrata var. procumbens (Gould, 1844) from Dawei in Myanmar. The reproductive anatomy of the latter form is known and does not match with those of any continental camaenid genera, but does with that of the newly examined Chloritis platytropis Möllendorff, 1894 from Thailand. The latter species is conchologically similar to Bouchetcamaena huberi Thach, 2018 (synonym of Helix fouresi Morlet, 1886), which is the type species of the genus Bouchetcamaena Thach, 2018. Thus, Bouchetcamaena can provisionally host the entire Chloritis delibrata -group with the exception of var. fasciata, which is transferred to Burmochloritis Godwin-Austen, 1920 due to the multiple reddish bands on its shell. The examination of shells deposited in the Natural History Museum, London revealed that seven morphologically distinguishable forms are present, which are accepted here as representing distinct species. Four new species are described from India: Bouchetcamaena foveata Páll-Gergely sp. nov., B. fusca Páll-Gergely sp. nov., B. raripila Páll-Gergely sp. nov., and B. subdelibrata Páll-Gergely sp. nov.
Bouchetcamaena, Burmochloritis, conchology, India, Myanmar, new combinations, new species, shell morphology, systematics, taxonomy
Chloritis (Trichochloritis) delibrata (Benson, 1836) was considered to be a variable camaenid species inhabiting a relatively large area from Assam in India to Dawei (= Tavoy) in Myanmar (
Examination of specimens assigned to Chloritis delibrata and its forms in the Natural History Museum, London, revealed that at least seven species can be distinguished based on the shape the shell and, most importantly, its fine sculpture. Thus, we here give an overview of the C. delibrata group, and describe the morphologically recognisable, distinct entities as species.
Placing the Chloritis delibrata-group in its appropriate genus turned out to be challenging. The morphology of the jaw and the radular teeth, along with the outer characters of the reproductive anatomy of “var. procumbens” from Moulmein were described by
Most important character states of camaenid genera relevant for this study.
References | Penis | Inner structure of the penis | Penial sheath | Epiphallus | Insertion of retractor muscle | Penial caecum | Flagellum | Additional organ | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bouchetcamaena Thach, 2018 | this study | long, apically thickened | parallel folds and a vestigial verge | absent | long, cylindrical | on distal epiphallus | absent | long, slender | absent |
Continental “Chloritis” |
|
long, apically thickened | parallel folds and a large verge | absent | long, cylindrical | on distal epiphallus | absent | medium length, gradually becoming slender | absent |
Neotrachia Schileyko, 2018 |
|
short, thick | longitudinal pilasters, broken into series of tubercles | absent | swollen, ovoid | penis-epiphallus transition | absent | medium length, gradually becoming slender | absent |
Trachia Martens, 1860 (based on T. vittata) |
|
short, swollen | chaotically arranged pilasters | covers entire penis | rather short, thick | incorporated into penial sheath | absent | rather long, gradually becoming slender | – |
Trichochloritis Pilsbry, 1891 | Collinge (1903), |
long, apically thickened | unknown | absent | long, cylindrical | on distal epiphallus | moderately long, slender | very short, pointed | absent |
Burmochloritis Godwin-Austen, 1920 |
|
long, thick, cylindrical | wavy folds, verge absent | absent | long, cylindrical | bounds penis and epiphallus at some distance from their junction | short, pointed | long, slender | long, cylindrical, derives from wall of vagina |
Satsuma A. Adams, 1868 |
|
long, cylindrical | wavy folds, verge absent | absent | long, cylindrical | on distal epiphallus | well-developed, tapering | long to short | absent |
Sinochloritis M. Wu & Z. Chen, 2019 | Wu & Chen, 2019 | thick, cylindrical | parallel folds, verge absent | absent | long, cylindrical | on distal epiphallus, and also covers proximal part of penis | large, internally with “peach shaped epiphallic papilla” | long, slender, tapering | absent |
Bellatrachia Schileyko, 2018 |
|
long, cylindrical | parallel folds | absent | long, cylindrical | penis-epiphallus transition | absent | thick, somewhat swollen, with slender tip | absent |
Planispira Beck, 1837 |
|
short, apically thickened | folds and an ovoid, large verge | absent | long, cylindrical | middle of epiphallus | absent | short, conical | absent |
The anatomy of the type species of Trichochloritis (Helix breviseta Pfeiffer, 1862) is known based on
Some species of Satsuma (type species: Helix japonica L. Pfeiffer, 1847; SD,
Sinochloritis, known only from the Chinese Sichuan Province, also possesses a large penial caecum. Thus, we do not consider the C. delibrata-group to belong to any of those three genera (Trichochloritis, Satsuma, Sinochloritis).
The type species of Trachia Martens, 1860 (Helix asperella L. Pfeiffer, 1846) is not known anatomically. The anatomy of Trachia vittata (O. F. Müller, 1774) was described by
Bellatrachia differs from
Burmochloritis Godwin-Austen, 1920 (type species: Burmochloritis kengtungensis Godwin-Austen, 1920, OD) possesses a long flagellum, a well-developed, large penial caecum is, and an additional organ (homologous with dart sac?) originating from the wall of the vagina (
The genital anatomy of Neotrachia is very different from that of C. delibrata var. procumbens due to its short penis and swollen epiphallus (
The type species of Planispira Beck, 1837 (Helix zonaria Linnaeus, 1767) was redescribed by
This makes it improbable that the C. delibrata-group belongs to any of the genera Bellatrachia, Burmochloritis, Neotrachia, and Planispira.
The type species of the genus Chloritis is Helix ungulina Linnaeus, 1758 (SD,
We examined the reproductive anatomy of a specimen of Chloritis platytropis Möllendorff, 1894 from Thailand (Figs
Thus, Bouchetcamaena can host the entire Chloritis delibrata -group with the exception of var. fasciata, which is transferred to Burmochloritis Godwin-Austen, 1920, comb. nov. due to the multiple narrow spiral bands on its shell. The anatomical characters are summarized in Table
Determination of the number of shell whorls (precision to 0.25 whorl) follows
Locality data presented with the specimen examined data are cited as verbatim from the specimen labels. For Indian and Burmese localities see
D Shell diameter
H Shell height
NHM The Natural History Museum (London, UK)
NHMUK when citing lots deposited in the NHM
UMZC University Museum of Zoology (Cambridge, UK)
Bouchetcamaena Thach, 2018: 65.
Bouchetcamaena huberi Thach, 2018, by original designation (synonym of Helix fouresi Morlet, 1886 – see
The shell characters are similar to those of most other Chloritis-like groups. Shell depressed to depressed globular (sometimes with a sunken apex), body whorl rounded, colour uniform with a single peripheral band, shell surface covered by hair scars (pits) of variable density (in some cases these are more or less absent on the last whorl) and deciduous periostracum of variable thickness, aperture rounded to oval/subrectangular, peristome expanded, parietal callus only indicated, umbilicus relatively narrow (narrower than one fourth of the shell’s width).
The genital organs [based on B. procumbens (
We only move the few species revised here to this genus. However, several other camaenid species from Southeast Asia may belong to Bouchetcamaena, which will be revealed by future studies.
Helix delibratus Benson, 1836: 352.
Chloritis (Trichochloritis) delibrata Gude, 1914: 172.
Chloritis delibrata Richardson, 1985: 92.
Chloritis delibrata
“North-East frontier of Bengal”.
UMZC 2387 (1 syntype).
Khasi Berge, coll. Möllendorff,
Shell relatively large, rather thin-walled; depressed, dorsal side usually entirely flat, rarely very slightly elevated; colour greenish-olive to greenish-yellowish with an obscure, reddish band just above the blunt keel (rarely missing); protoconch consists of 1.75 whorls, with very fine radial ribs and regularly arranged hair scars (pits); entire shell with 4 whorls; separated by a moderately deep suture; teleoconch overall glossy, with irregular, fine growth lines, dorsal side of first 2.0–2.5 whorls covered by widely-spaced hair scars (= pits), and short hairs near suture; ventral side of body whorl without hair scars or widely spaced (in some specimens somewhat denser than in others) pits near the parietal callus only; aperture oval/subrectangular; peristome strongly expanded and slightly reflected in direction of umbilicus; palatal part with very thin, whitish, semi-transparent layer, showing hair scars on penultimate whorl; umbilicus open, relatively wide, funnel-shaped, peri-umbilical keel only very slightly indicated.
D = 21.4–24.4 mm, H = 9.2–10.3 mm (n = 4).
Bouchetcamaena subdelibrata sp. nov. differs from B. delibrata mainly in the presence of hair scars on the entirety of the last whorl. For further differences, see under that species.
This species is apparently widespread in the southwestern Himalaya (Khasi Hills, Manipur, Silhet).
Holotype : Khasia Hills [Meghalaya, India], 183, Assam, coll. Godwin-Austen, NHMUK 20191130/2 (D: 20.5 mm, 9.1 mm, mixed lot with B. fasciatus: NHMUK 20191130/1).
Paratypes
: Assam, coll. C. Bosch ex coll. H. Rolle,
Shell relatively large, fragile, thin-walled, dorsal side flat or even slightly sunken, colour light yellow to whitish, with a faint peripheral band; hair scars represented as elevated knobs (like strawberry seeds), or even hair scars represented as truncated hairs or short, slender, pointed hairs; aperture oval, umbilicus relatively narrow.
Shell medium-sized to large, thin-walled; dorsal side flat or even sunken; basic colour light yellowish to whitish, a peripheral band of various thickness present in all specimens, running around the shoulder or the body whorl; protoconch consisting of 1.50–1.75 whorls, finely wrinkled and covered by widely-spaced hair scars reminiscent of strawberry seeds; entire shell consisting of slightly less or more than 3.75–4 whorls, separated by a relatively deep suture; teleoconch very finely and irregularly wrinkled; hair scars (reminiscent of strawberry seeds) widely-spaced, clearly visible on the entire teleoconch; occasionally (near suture, behind expanded peristome, inside umbilicus, etc.) short, slender, pointed hairs remaining; hairs inside umbilicus denser than elsewhere on the teleoconch; aperture oval/subrectangular; peristome strongly expanded and slightly reflected, especially in direction of umbilicus; palatal part with thin, whitish, semi-transparent layer, which allows hair scars of penultimate whorl to be seen; umbilicus open, normally wide, funnel-shaped, peri-umbilical keel blunt.
D = 20.3–20.5 mm, H = 9.1–10.5 mm (n = 3).
This new species differs from that which is the most similar, B. delibrata, in having a flatter dorsal side, glossier shell, and deep hair scars on the entire surface. The hair scars of B. subdelibrata sp. nov. are much finer and denser on the entire shell surface.
The new species is named after its conspicuously pitted (= foveatus in Latin) surface.
All samples with relatively precise localities were collected in the Khasi Hills.
Holotype : Munipur [India, Manipur], coll. Godwin-Austen, NHMUK 1903.7.1.391/2 (D: 16.8 mm, H: 8 mm, mixed lot with B. delibrata, NHMUK 1903.7.1.391/1).
Paratypes : same data as holotype, NHMUK 1903.7.1.391/3 (1 shell: paratype); Gaziphima, Naga Hills, Munipur frontier line, coll. Godwin-Austen, NHMUK 1903.7.1.385 (2 paratypes); Khasi Hills, coll. Godwin-Austen, no. 183, NHMUK 1903.7.1.381a/2 (1 shell, mixed lot with B. delibrata, NHMUK 1903.7.1.381a/1); Manipur, coll. Godwin-Austen, NHMUK 20191134 (1 shell).
Shell small to medium-sized, with flat dorsal side or very slightly elevated spire; thick, brown, matt periostracum makes hair scars practically invisible, aperture oval.
Shell small to medium-sized; depressed-globular, dorsal side flat or spire very slightly elevated; body whorl slightly or relatively strongly but bluntly shouldered; colour brownish due to thick, matt periostracum; protoconch consists of 1.5 whorls, finely wrinkled, with short hairs near suture; in some specimens wrinkles only visible in the middle of whorls, whereas in others hair scars (pits) are also discernible; entire shell consisting of 3.75–4 whorls, suture moderately deep; short hairs visible in the suture and inside umbilicus; hair scars practically invisible due to thick periostracum; in one paratype (NHMUK 1903.7.1.391) periostracum of lighter colour around each hair scar on the ventral side, making the density of scars visible; very few hair scars visible at the parietal callus, but to a much lesser degree than in other species; aperture oval/subrectangular; peristome expanded and slightly reflected in direction of umbilicus; palatal part with a very thin, whitish, semi-transparent layer; hair scars not visible beneath parietal callus; umbilicus open, relatively narrow, peri-umbilical keel only very slightly indicated.
D = 15.3–18.7 mm, H = 7.8–8.8 mm (n = 5).
Bouchetcamaena raripila sp. nov. is most similar to B. fusca sp. nov. in having a relatively small shell, narrow umbilicus and brown periostracum, but it differs in the strong, sparsely standing hair scars. All other Bouchetcamaena species have larger, lighter-coloured shells and a wider umbilicus.
The new species is named after its dark (fuscus in Latin) periostracum.
Seems to be restricted to Manipur, the Khasi and the Naga Hills (India).
Helix delibrata (?) var. Hanley & Theobald, 1870: pl. 14, fig. 9.
Helix (Trachia) delibrata Var. khasiensis Nevill, 1877: 21.
Chloritis (Trichochloritis) delibrata var. khasiensis Gude, 1914: 173.
Chloritis delibrata var. khasiensis Richardson, 1985: 93.
Chloritis delibrata khasiensis
“Khasi Hills”.
Not found in the NHM or in the
Bouchetcamaena fusca sp. nov. agrees with some parts of Nevill’s description (more raised spire and narrower umbilicus than in other similar species), and the Naga and Khasi Hills also match, but the specimens we described above as B. fusca sp. nov. possessed no band and are all smaller than the size mentioned by Nevill. Furthermore, the shell illustrated by Hanley and Theobald (1870) possesses a subsutural furrow (a furrow running between the middle of the body whorl and the suture), which is absent in all B. fusca sp. nov. shells we examined. Thus, we decided to describe these specimens as a new species and consider the name Helix (Trachia) delibrata var. khasiensis as a taxon inquirendum.
Chloritis platytropis Möllendorff, 1894: 150.
Chloritis (Trichochloritis) platytropis platytropis Zilch, 1966: 304, pl. 10, fig. 34.
Chloritis platytropis platytropis Maassen, 2001: 121.
Siam, Tschaya, coll. O. Möllendorff ex coll. Roebelen,
Thailand, Phangnga: Thai Mueang: Ton Prai waterfall, 90 m, 08°26'11"N, 098°18'33"E, leg. Hausdorf, 02.08.2010, ZMH 51934 (1 dry shell + ethanol-preserved body).
Penis long, cylindrical, with swollen proximal part connected to adjacent epiphallic area by weak fibres; internally with ca. 6 wide, longitudinal, low folds; no penial verge present, although the folds form a circular ring with slightly elongated margin; epiphallus slightly longer than penis; retractor muscle slender, inserting on the distal end of epiphallus near its joint with penis; flagellum long, slender, pointed; no penial caecum present; vagina shorter and thicker than penis; spermoviduct elongated, stalk of bursa copulatrix very long, with some central swelling, bursa small, rounded; albumen gland long, banana-shaped, talon small.
Helix procumbens Gould, 1844: 453, pl. 24, fig. 1.
Helix delibrata Hanley & Theobald, 1870: pl. 14, fig. 10.
Chloritis (Trichochloritis) delibrata var. procumbens Gude, 1914: 172–173.
Trachia delibrata f. procumbens Stoliczka, 1871: 225, pl. 16, figs 1–3 (reproductive anatomy, jaw, radula).
Chloritis delibrata var. procumbens Richardson, 1985: 93.
“Province of Tavoy in British Burmah” (from the title).
Tavoy, British Burmah, leg. F. Mason,
white type: (1) Khasi Hills, Assam, (2) Burma, A.S. Kennard coll., Acc. No. 1824, NHMUK 20191136/1 (1 shell, mixed lot with B. foveata: NHMUK 20191136/2; the Khasi Hills material probably refers to foveata, whereas the Burma material refers to procumbens); India, “Khasi Hills”, NHMUK 1862.11.19.12 (2 shells); Moulmain, Tenasserim, coll. Stoliczka, NHMUK 1903.7.1.387 (1 shell); Pegu, ex coll. Godwin-Austen, NHMUK 1903.7.1.386 (1 shell); Pegu, NHMUK 1888.12.4.1114–1115 (2 shells); Tavoy, Burmah, Museum Cuming, NHMUK 20191137 (1 shell). darker type: Arakan, coll. H.F. Blanford, NHMUK 1909.3.15.25 (1 shell); Mutan, Tenasserim, coll. Godwin-Austen, NHMUK 20191133 (1 shell); Pegu, Arakan Hills, NHMUK 1906.2.2.121 (4 shells, one of them with widely-spaced pits, others with hardly visible scars, see remarks).
Shell small to medium-sized, with flat dorsal side or slightly sunken or very slightly elevated spire; aperture oval, peristome strongly expanded, umbilicus narrow and deep; sculpture variable: in some shells the thick, brown, matt periostracum makes hair scars practically invisible, in other shells the hair scars (pits) are usually densely arranged on the entire shell.
Shell medium-sized, rather thin-walled; dorsal side flat, very rarely (NHMUK 1906.2.2.121) slightly domed; shell shape “nautiliform” (i.e., initial whorls closely coiled, body whorl conspicuously expanded); colour whitish to light yellowish with somewhat darker yellowish, matt (dull) periostracum in some places, or, as in one sample (Mutan, Tenasserim), on the entire shell; a normally wide, faint reddish-brown belt running around the shoulder of the body whorl (can be entirely absent); protoconch consisting of 1–1.5 whorls, finely wrinkled and covered by hair scars (pits) or small, mamilla-like hairs; entire shell consisting of 3.75–4.75 whorls, separated by a deep suture; teleoconch finely and irregularly wrinkled; sculpture variable: in typical shells some darker yellowish-light brownish periostracum covers parts of the teleoconch, and the densely arranged hair scars are only visible in the suture on the dorsal side and near the parietal callus on the ventral side; in the “pitted form”, hair scars densely arranged on entire shell and clearly visible on both the dorsal and ventral sides; aperture oval/subrectangular; peristome strongly expanded and slightly reflected in direction of umbilicus; palatal part with a thin, whitish, semi-transparent layer, with hair scars visible on penultimate whorl; umbilicus open, narrow, funnel-shaped, peri-umbilical keel blunt.
D = 15.8–19.5 mm, H = 7.8–9.4 mm (n = 7).
The smaller shell size and the more reflected peristome distinguish this species from the most similar species, B. delibrata. Furthermore, the “white type” B. procumbens differs from B. delibrata in the presence of dense and prominent hair scars.
Seems to be restricted to southern Myanmar.
There are two forms of this species. One is lighter in colour, some of the specimens have a slightly sunken spire and possess uniformly arranged, strong hair scars on the entire surface of the shell (“white type”), whereas the other type has a darker shell (yellowish to light brownish) with hardly visible hair scars (“darker type”). The sample NHMUK 1906.2.2.121 contains four shells of identical appearance; however, one of them has widely-spaced pits, whereas the other three have only some pits on the callus area but otherwise no hair scars. Thus, it seems that the strength of the hair scars is variable within this species, unlike in all other species of this group. Since the shell and aperture shape are, with the exception of spire height, practically identical, and there are transitional forms between the two types in terms of shell sculpture, we provisionally treat them as one species. There are no clearly visible hair scars on the lectotype. Thus, the form without prominent hair scars is considered typical procumbens, and the “pitted form” is considered atypical.
Holotype : Kopanedza, coll. Godwin-Austen, NHMUK 20191131 (D: 15.4 mm, H: 8.1 mm).
Shell small, with slightly elevated spire; periostracum thick, brown, hair scars (truncated hairs or strawberry seed-like scars) extremely sparsely arranged on the body whorl; aperture oval, almost rounded.
Shell small; depressed-globular, with very slightly elevated spire (low domed dorsal side); body whorl rounded; colour brown due to thick, matt (dull) periostracum, locally worn locally making the nude whitish shell surface visible; protoconch consists of 1.5 whorls, finely wrinkled, with hair scars reminiscent of strawberry seeds; entire shell consisting of 4.25 whorls, suture moderately deep; inside of umbilicus and suture with mamilla-like, relatively densely arranged hair scars; other parts of teleoconch with extremely widely-spaced hairs (truncated, reddish-brown hairs or strawberry seed-like scars, and very few, relatively long, conical hairs); aperture oval, almost rounded; peristome strongly expanded and slightly reflected in direction of umbilicus; palatal part with a very thin, whitish, semi-transparent layer, which allows hair scars of the penultimate whorl to be seen; umbilicus open, narrow, funnel-shaped, peri-umbilical keel blunt.
D = 15.4 mm, H = 8.1 mm (n = 1).
Differs from B. procumbens by having a more rounded shell shape and the last whorl is also more rounded. Most important are the extremely widely-spaced and prominent hair scars. This latter trait distinguishes B. raripila sp. nov. from all other similar species.
The name raripila refers to the few hairs/hair scars on the shell surface (rarus: few, pilus: hair in Latin).
The new species is known from the type locality only. Kopanedza (also spelled Kopamedza) is situated in the Barail Range, Dafla Hills (India), although its exact locality is unknown (
Holotype : S. Silhet, leg. Chennell, coll. Godwin-Austen, NHMUK 20191132/1 (D: 17.7 mm, 8.6 mm).
Paratypes : Same data as holotype, NHMUK 20191132/2 (1 paratype); Habiang, Garo Hills, coll. Godwin-Austen 183, ex coll. W. Blanford, NHMUK 1906.1.1.714 (3 paratypes); South Sylhet Hills, coll. W Chennell, NHMUK 1903.7.1.61/2 (1 paratype, mixed lot with B. delibrata: NHMUK 1903.7.1.61/1).
Same data as holotype, NHMUK 20191132/3 (7 juvenile shells).
Shell medium-sized, nearly flat, greenish, glossy, entire shell with densely arranged hair scars (mostly hardly visible), aperture oval, peristome not particularly expanded.
Shell medium-sized, rather thin walled; depressed, dorsal side entirely flat (type series), or slightly elevated (Habiang); colour greenish to dark yellowish with an obscure, reddish band just above the blunt keel; protoconch consisting of 1.5 whorls, with densely arranged, clearly visible, knob-like hair scars; entire shell with 3.50–3.75 whorls; separated by a rather deep suture; teleoconch overall glossy, with irregular, fine growth lines, ventral side and edge of body whorl (except for last quarter whorl) covered with densely-arranged hair scars, some hair scars also recognizable on the last quarter whorl, but not regular as on the preceding areas; last whorl of dorsal side dominated by wrinkles, and regular hair scars only visible in areas before the last half whorl; aperture almost rounded, slightly oval; peristome strongly expanded and slightly reflected in direction of umbilicus; palatal part with a very thin, whitish, semi-transparent layer, which allows hair scars on penultimate whorl to be seen; umbilicus open, normally wide, funnel-shaped, peri-umbilical keel blunt, only very slightly indicated.
D = 17.7–19.3 mm, H = 8.6–9.9 mm (n = 4).
Bouchetcamaena delibrata is most similar to the new species, but it is larger, has a more strongly depressed shell, elongated aperture and expanded peristome, and lacks hair scars on the last half whorl. The hair scars of B. delibrata are more widely-spaced than those of B. subdelibrata sp. nov.
The specific epithet refers to the most similar species.
The new species is known from the Garo Hills (Meghalaya, India), and the neighbouring Silhet Hills to the south.
Burmochloritis Godwin-Austen, 1920: 9.
Burmochloritis Schileyko, 2003: 1518.
Burmochloritis kengtungensis Godwin-Austen, 1920, OD.
Burmochloritis Godwin-Austen, 1920 possesses a long flagellum, has penial caecum well-developed, and a large, additional organ originating from the wall of the vagina (
Helix delibrata var. fasciata Godwin-Austen, 1975: 1, pl. 1, fig. 1.
Chloritis (Trichochloritis) delibrata var. fasciata Gude, 1914: 173.
Chloritis delibrata var. fasciata Richardson, 1985: 93.
Chloritis delibrata fasciata
“On the high open grassy country of the West Khasi Hills”.
Khasi Hills, coll. Godwin-Austen, NHMUK 1903.7.1.381/1 (syntype, mixed lot with B. delibrata: NHMUK 1903.7.1.381/2).
Khasia Hills, 183, Assam, coll. Godwin-Austen, NHMUK 20191130/1 (1 shell, mixed lot with B. foveata: NHMUK 20191130/2).
Shell medium-sized, dorsal side domed, greenish-yellowish with a slender main spiral band and several thinner ones; last whorl with dense hair scars (pits) only near the parietal calls, aperture almost rounded.
Shell medium-sized, rather thick-walled; depressed globular, with slightly domed dorsal side; colour greenish-yellowish, with a main but still slender reddish band just above the blunt keel and several even thinner belts on both the dorsal and ventral surfaces; protoconch consists of 1.25 whorls, with very fine radial ribs and regularly arranged hair scars; entire shell consists of slightly more than 4 whorls, separated by a moderately deep suture; teleoconch covered with a matt periostracum, dense hair scars (and short hairs near suture) visible only near parietal callus; aperture rounded/subrectangular; peristome strongly expanded and slightly reflected in direction of umbilicus; parietal part with thin, whitish, semi-transparent layer, which allows hair scars of penultimate whorl to be seen; umbilicus open, relatively narrow, funnel-shaped, with blunt peri-umbilical keel.
This species was described as a variety of B. delibrata, but differs in numerous shell characters (smaller, more globular shell, smaller protoconch, domed dorsal side, comparatively smaller, more rounded aperture, narrower umbilicus, denser hair scars). Thus, it should be handled as a species in its own right. Moreover, based on the multiple spiral bands (Bouchetcamaena species have no band or a single band), this species is transferred to the genus Burmochloritis, although this placement requires confirmation through anatomical examination.
We are grateful to Adam Baldinger (