Research Article |
Corresponding author: Zai-fu Xu ( xuzaifu@scau.edu.cn ) Academic editor: Norman Johnson
© 2016 Zi Hou, Zai-fu Xu.
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Citation:
Hou Z, Xu Z-f (2016) Description of a new species of the genus Monelata Förster, 1856 from China (Hymenoptera, Diapriidae). ZooKeys 574: 97-104. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.574.7628
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A new species of the genus Monelata Förster, 1856, Monelata truncata sp. n., is described and illustrated from Yunnan Province, China. This is the third Oriental species assigned to this genus. A key to Oriental species of the genus is provided.
Hymenoptera , Diapriinae , Monelata , new species, Oriental Region, China
Monelata Förster, 1856 belongs to the tribe Diapriini of the subfamily Diapriinae (Hymenoptera, Diapriidae). Currently the genus includes sixteen species, of which nine are found in the Palearctic Region, one in the Palearctic and Nearctic Regions, two each in the Nearctic, Afrotropical and Oriental Regions (
In the Oriental Region,
Specimens were examined under a Leica MZ12.5 stereomicroscope. All photos were taken with a digital camera (Cool SNAP) attached to the Zeiss Stemi 2000-CS stereomicroscope and processed by using Image-Pro Plus software. Some holotypes of Monelata deposited in the Natural History Museum, London, UK (BMNH) were checked for this study.
Morphological terminology follows
A1, A2, … = the first, second, .... antennal segments, respectively; OL = the distance between inner edge of lateral ocellus and median ocellus; OOL = the shortest distance between lateral ocellus and compound eye; POL = the shortest distance between inner margins of two posterior ocelli; S2 = the second metasomal sterite. T2 = the second metasomal tergite. Measurements reported are relative, except for body length (head to abdominal tip, excluded the antennae and ovipositor) and fore wing length.
Monelata Förster, 1856: 123. Type species: Diapria parvula Nees von Esenbeck, designated by
Monelata Förster:
For detailed generic synonymy see
Body length 0.9–1.5 mm, smooth and shining. Female antenna 13-segmented, with A13 remarkably clavate. Male antenna 14-segmented, with A4 not sexually modified. Cervix of pronotum densely hairy, dense pronotal and propleural cushions confluent into complete hairy collar ventrally and dorsally. Notauli absent. Anterior scutellar pit absent. Metapleuron densely covered with appressed pilosity, pilosity continuing on metasternum, completely surrounding hind coxae. Propodeum and petiole entirely carpeted with dense semi-hyaline pilosity. T2 with pilosity at base. S2 with large and dense anterior cushion.
Afrotropical, Nearctic, Palearctic and Oriental Regions (
1 | Fore wing with apical margin deeply incised | M. incisipennis Huggert |
– | Fore wing with apical margin round or truncate | 2 |
2 | Forewing with apical margin round; head in dorsal view nearly as long as wide; mesosoma brown to reddish-brown | M. completa Rajmohana & Narendran |
– | Forewing with apical margin truncate (Fig. |
M. truncata sp. n. |
Monelata incisipennis Huggert, 1982: 183.
Monelata incisipennis Huggert:
1 ♀, CHINA: Guangdong, Nankunshan, 2011.IX.27–29, Zai-fu Xu (SCAU); 1 ♂, Hainan, Yinggeling, 2008.XI.16-20, Ya-li Tang (SCAU); 1 ♂, Guangxi, Maoershan, 2005.VIII.2-10, Bin Xiao (SCAU); 92 ♀♀ 48 ♂♂, Yunnan, Zhaotong, Yongshan, Huanghua, 2012.VIII–X, Shi-wen Yang (SCAU).
Unknown.
China (Guangdong, Hainan, Guangxi, Yunnan); India (
Holotype: ♀, CHINA: Yunnan, Zhaotong, Yongshan, Huanghua, 2012.VIII–X, Shi-wen Yang (SCAU). Paratypes: 22 ♀♀ 35 ♂♂, Yunnan, Zhaotong, Yongshan, Huanghua, 2012.VIII–X, Shi-wen Yang (SCAU).
Holotype. Female (Figs
Color. Head black. Antenna dark brown, with A13 black. Mesosoma and metasoma black. Petiole and legs brown. Fore and hind wings hyaline, with veins brown.
Head. Head in dorsal view transverse, 0.75 times as long as wide. Relative proportion of length to width of antennal segment as follows: A1 (10.5 : 2.2); A2 (3.5 : 1.8); A3 (1.6 : 1.3); A4 (1.2 : 1.3); A5 (1.2 : 1.3); A6 (1.2 : 1.3); A7 (1.2 : 1.3); A8 (1.3 : 1.4); A9 (1.4 : 1.5); A10 (1.6 : 1.6); A11 (1.8 : 2.0); A12 (2.2 : 2.3); A13 (7.5 : 4.5). A1 slender, cylindrical, unarmed apically. A10 to A13 gradually enlarged. A13 ovoid, remarkably clavate. Eye oval, 1.5 times as long as wide, 1.5 times as long as malar space. Posterior orbit of eye not sinuate. POL : OOL : OL = 1.5 : 4.0 : 1.5.
Mesosoma. Mesosoma as wide as head. Cervix densely hairy, dense pronotal and propleural cushions confluent into complete hairy collar ventrally and dorsally. Mesoscutum smooth, with three pairs of setae. Scutellar disc slightly converging posteriorly. Mesopleuron smooth. Metanotum with a median keel. Metapleuron covered with long hairs. Propodeum elongate, with a distinct median keel, pointed anteriorly. Posterior margin of propodeum excavate. Fore wing elongate, distinctly longer than mesosoma and metasoma; apical margin truncate (Fig.
Metasoma. Petiole cylindrical, 1.5 times as long as wide. Petiole covered by dense, translucent, elongate setae. T2 enlarged, cover 0.8 length of gaster, 1.7 times as long as wide.
Male (Figs
Females. Body length 0.8–1.0 mm. Fore wing length 0.8–0.9 mm. Males. Body length 0.7–0.8 mm. Fore wing length 0.6–0.7 mm.
China (Yunnan).
The species name “truncata” is based on the truncate apical margin of fore wing.
This is the third species of the genus Monelata in the Oriental Region, but it can be separated from the other two Oriental species, M. incisipennis Huggert and M. completa Rajmohana & Narendran by the following characteristics: fore wing with apical margin truncate (deeply incised in M. incisipennis, and round in M. completa); head in dorsal view distinctly transverse (nearly as long as wide in the latter two); and mesosoma black (reddish-brown to brown in the latter two).
According to the key and figure of
We would like to thank Dr. David Notton for his cooperation and assistance in the study of type material in the Natural History Museum, London. We are grateful to the subject editor NF Johnson and anonymous reviewers for their kind suggestions to improve the manuscript. This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31272351, U0936601).