Two new species of cricket genus Anaxiphomorpha Gorochov, 1987 (Orthoptera, Trigonidiidae, Trigonidiinae) in China

Zhi Xin He; Li Bin Ma

doi:10.3897/zookeys.1073.75598

Research Article

Two new species of cricket genus Anaxiphomorpha Gorochov, 1987 (Orthoptera, Trigonidiidae, Trigonidiinae) in China

Zhi Xin He^‡, Li Bin Ma^‡

‡ Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, China

Corresponding author: Li Bin Ma ( libinma@foxmail.com )

Academic editor: Tony Robillard

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

Citation: He ZX, Ma LB (2021) Two new species of cricket genus Anaxiphomorpha Gorochov, 1987 (Orthoptera, Trigonidiidae, Trigonidiinae) in China. ZooKeys 1073: 13-20. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1073.75598

ZooBank: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:6B382A8F-0F1B-439B-99D5-200D43E94075

Abstract

Two new species, Anaxiphomorpha nonggangensis sp. nov. and Anaxiphomorpha manereserratus sp. nov., are reported from Guangxi Province, China. Descriptions and illustrations for the new species and a key to all known species of Anaxiphomorpha are provided.

Keywords

Southern China, swordtail crickets, taxonomy, Trigonidiini, tropics

Introduction

The genus Anaxiphomorpha was established with Anaxiphomorpha brachyapodemalis Gorochov, 1987 as the type species. Anaxiphomorpha is recognized by a smaller body size, yellow coloration and special genitalia structure (epiphallus and ectoparamere possess multiple lobes or branches).

To date, seven species have been reported worldwide (Cigliano et al. 2021). Apart from two species, Anaxiphomorpha brachyapodemalis Gorochov, 1987 and Anaxiphomorpha longiapodemalis Gorochov, 1987 reported from Vietnam, the other five, Anaxiphomorpha biserratus Liu & Shi, 2015, Anaxiphomorpha brevisparamerus Liu & Shi, 2015, Anaxiphomorpha longiserratus Liu & Shi, 2015, Anaxiphomorpha serratiprotuberus Liu & Shi, 2015 and Anaxiphomorpha hexagona Ma, 2018 have been recorded from China. After comparing our new materials with the species of this genus, we concluded that two Chinese species are new for science. The distribution of Anaxiphomorpha species worldwide including the new species is also presented (Fig. 1).

Materials and methods

All specimens were collected at night with a sweep net. Specimens were preserved in ethanol during field work, and pinned and dry-preserved in the laboratory. Male genitalia were dissected from softened specimens. Photomicrographs of genitalia were collected using ToupCam Digital camera and bundled software (ToupTek, Hangzhou, China). Photographs of specimens were obtained using a VHX–6000 digital microscope (Keyence, Osaka, Japan).

Measurements

All specimens were measured using a ToupCam Digital camera and bundled software (ToupTek, Hangzhou, China). All the measurements are in millimeters (mm).

Abbreviations

BL body length (from head to apical hindwing);

PL pronotal length;

TL tegmen length;

HFL hind femur length;

OL ovipositor length.

The specimens are deposited at the Museum of Flora and Fauna of Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, China (SNNU).

Taxonomy

Genus Anaxiphomorpha Gorochov, 1987

Type species

Anaxiphomorpha brachyapodemalis Gorochov, 1987

Key to known species of Anaxiphomorpha

1	Dorsally viewed, epiphallic lateral lobes apically acute	2
–	Dorsally viewed, epiphallic lateral lobes somewhat blunt of apex	3
2	Epiphallic transverse bridge and ectoparamere short	*A. brachyapodemalis*
–	Epiphallic transverse bridge and ectoparamere long	*A. longiapodemalis*
3	Epiphallic lateral lobes bifurcated as six significant branches	*A. hexagona*
–	Not as above and laterally viewed as following	4
4	Apex of epiphallic lateral lobes almost straight	*A. brevisparamerus*
–	Apex of epiphallic lateral lobes curved	5
5	Apex of epiphallic lateral lobes upward curved	6
–	Apex of epiphallic lateral lobes downward curved	8
6	Epiphallic lateral lobes boot-like	A. nonggangensis sp. nov.
–	Epiphallic lateral lobes rod-like	7
7	Epiphallic lateral lobes proximally bearing a protuberance	A. manereserratus sp. nov.
–	Not as above	*A. longiserratus*
8	Epiphallic lateral lobes long, medially raised and apically acute	*A. serratiprotuberus*
–	Epiphallic lateral lobes short and apically blunt	*A. biserratus*

Anaxiphomorpha nonggangensis He & Ma, sp. nov.

http://zoobank.org/960B75C1-468B-4D24-BADE-06F8D7F93D2E

Figs 1, 2, 3A, B, 4A–C

Material examined

Holotype. China: Male, Guangxi, Longzhou, Nonggang National Natural Reserve, 5.V.2019, 22.46°N, 106.96°E, Libin Ma & Tao Zhang leg. Paratypes. 7 males and 4 females, same information as holotype (SNNU).

Figure 1.

Known distribution of Anaxiphomorpha species, including the new species A. nonggangensis sp. nov. and A. manereserratus sp. nov..

Diagnosis

Male (Figs 2A, 3A). Body size small. Head small and pubescent, slightly wider than anterior margin of pronotum; frontal rostrum as wide as antennal scape; eyes large and protruding forwards; apical three joints of maxillary palpi distinctly elongate, 5^th joint truncated apically. Pronotum transverse, strongly widened posteriorly and distinctly longer than width of anterior one. Tegmina extending slightly over apex of abdomen, armed with one oblique vein; mirror slightly elongate; hindwings absent. Fore tibia armed with a large long-oval external tympanum, and without internal tympanum. Hind tibia bearing three dorsal spurs on two sides respectively, and bearing two apical spurs inside and three outside.

Figure 2.

Habitus (alive) of A. nonggangensis sp. nov. on leaf A male B female (photography: Zhang, Tao).

Figure 3.

Habitus photographs. A, B A. nonggangensis sp. nov. C, D A. manereserratus sp. nov. A, C Male B, D Female. Scale bar: 1 mm.

Genitalia (Fig. 4A–C). Lateral lobes of epiphallus slightly longer than median lobes, and possessing several teeth at outer margin, not narrowed apically in dorsal view, gradually narrowed apically in lateral view; median lobes shaped as boot and abruptly narrowed apically in lateral view. Etcoparameres transversely and truncated apically.

Figure 4.

Male genitalia A–C A. nonggangensis sp. nov. D–F A. manereserratus sp. nov. A, D dorsal views B, E lateral views C, F ventral views.

Female (Figs 2B, 3B). Body slightly smaller than male. Tegmen rather convex, armed with five regular veins on dorsal field. Ovipositor blade-shaped.

Coloration

Body colored yellow. Dorsal area of head ornamented with four brown longitudinal stripes in ventral view, anterior half of abdomen colored dark brown in male or small part of middle abdomen colored dark in female. Apex of each hind femur bearing a small dark spot on two sides respectively. Ovipositor ventrally colored brown to dark brown and remainder yellowish.

Measurements

Male. BL 5.17–6.42, PL 0.98–1.19, TL 3.73–4.54, HFL 3.27–3.96. Female. BL 4.50–5.63, PL 0.99–1.17, TL 3.87–4.42, OL 2.22–2.67.

Etymology

The name refers its type locality, Nonggang National Natural Reserve.

Distribution

China (Guangxi) (Fig. 1).

Remarks

This species is very similar to A. brevisparamerus in the ectoparameres of the male genitalia, but different in the epiphallic lateral lobes of this new species, which are shaped as boot with an acute apex.

Anaxiphomorpha manereserratus He & Ma, sp. nov.

http://zoobank.org/9B5380BF-9334-4480-B796-4FE6DF673DB1

Figs 1, 3C–D, 4D–F, 5

Material examined

Holotype. China: Male, Guangxi, Jingxi, Longbang, 22.87°N, 106.32°E, 1.V.2019, Libin Ma & Tao Zhang leg. Paratypes. 10 males and 2 females, same information as holotype (SNNU).

Description

Male (Figs 3C, 5A). Body size small. Head small and pubescent, slightly wider than anterior margin of pronotum; frontal rostrum 1.2 times wider than antennal scape; eyes large and protruding forwards; apical three joints of maxillary palpi distinctly elongate, 5^th joint truncated apically. Pronotum transverse, strongly widened posteriorly, and slightly wider than the anterior. Tegmina extending slightly over apex of abdomen, armed with one oblique vein; mirror slightly elongate; hindwings absent. Fore tibia armed with a large long-oval external tympanum; internal tympanum absent. Hind tibia bearing three dorsal spurs on two sides respectively, and bearing two apical spurs inside and three outside.

Figure 5.

Habitus (alive) of A. manereserratus sp. nov. on leaf A male B female (photography: Zhang, Tao).

Genitalia (Fig. 4D–F). Lateral lobes of epiphallus slightly longer than median lobes in lateral view and possessing horned protuberances at inner margin proximally and outer margin medially, bearing several teeth at inner and outer margin and not narrowed apically in lateral view. Ectoparameres short and serrated apically.

Female (Figs 3D, 5B). Body slightly smaller than male. Tegmen rather convex, armed with five regular veins on dorsal field. Ovipositor blade-shaped.

Coloration

Body colored yellow. Dorsal area of head ornamented with four brown longitudinal stripes. Apex of each hind femur bearing a small dark spot in two sides respectively. Ovipositor ventrally colored brown to dark brown and remainder yellowish.

Measurements

Male. BL 4.92–6.05, PL 0.94–1.15, TL 3.42–4.09, HFL 3.56–4.17. Female. BL 4.65–4.94, PL 0.87–0.90, TL 3.21–3.33, OL 1.892.03.

Etymology

The name refers to the epiphallic median lobes almost as long as the lateral lobes.

Distribution

China (Guangxi) (Fig. 1).

Remarks

This species is very similar to A. serratiprotuberus and A. longiserratus in dorsal and ventral views of the male genitalia, but different in lateral view (epiphallic lateral lobes of the new species possessing horned protuberances at the inner margin proximally and the outer margin medially, and the ectoparameres of this new species are acute apically).

Acknowledgements

We thank staff of Nonggang National Nature Reserve, for their help in our field work. This work is supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 31750002, 32070474) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (GK202003049).

References

Cigliano MM, Otte D, Eades DC, Braun H (2021) Orthoptera species file online. Version 5.0/5.0. http://Orthoptera.SpeciesFile.org [accessed 6 Septemper 2021]

Gorochov AV (1987) On the fauna of crickets of the subfamily Gryllinae (Orthoptera, Gryllidae) of eastern Indochina. In: Medvedev LN (Ed.) Insect Fauna of Vietnam. Nauka, Moscow, 5–22.

Liu HY, Shi FM (2015) First record of the genus Anaxiphomorpha Gorochov (Orthoptera: Gryllidae) from China, with description of four new species. Zootaxa 3918: 433–438 https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3918.3.7

Ma LB (2018) Anaxiphomorpha hexagona sp. n., a new, unusual swordtail cricket collected from Motuo County, Xizang, China (Orthoptera: Grylloidea; Trigonidiidae; Trigonidiinae). Zootaxa 4418: 197–200. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4418.2.10