Venezuela, Amazonas State, Communidad Caño Gato on Rio Sipapo, 4°58.838'N 67°44.341'W.

This species is characterized by dorsal iridescence and the shape of the male genitalia. The male median lobe in ventral aspect is extremely broad and apically very broadly truncate combined with lateral lobes with the apices strongly curved laterad and divergent (Fig. 2). This species is dorsally iridescent but lacks the bifurcate prosternal process of the Desmopachria portmanni species group. This makes it somewhat similar to specimens in the Desmopachria ubangoides species group, but Desmopachria divergens lacks the sexually dimorphic anterior clypeal margins of that group (males with the margin flattened and upturned, females beaded, but not as strongly modified (Miller 2001; Young 1980).

Measurements. TL = 1.8–2.0 mm, GW = 1.1–1.2 mm, PW = 0.9–1.0 mm, HW = 0.6–0.7 mm, EW = 0.3–0.4 mm, TL/GW = 1.6–1.7, HW/EW = 2.1–2.2. Body elongate oval, laterally broadly curved, lateral margins somewhat discontinuous between pronotum and elytron, body broadest across elytra at midlength of body (Fig. 1).

Coloration. Dorsal surface of head and pronotum evenly yellow-orange. Elytron evenly orange-brown, distinctly iridescent. Ventral surfaces orange, slightly darker medially on metathorax, medially slightly iridescent.

Sculpture and structure. Head moderately broad, anteriorly rounded with anterior clypeal margin with narrow, continuous bead; surface of head shiny, finely and sparsely punctate; eyes large (HW/EW = 2.1–2.2); antennae short, scape and pedicel relatively large and rounded, flagellomere III long and slender, apically expanded, antennomeres IV-X short and broad, lobed at anterodorsal angle, antennomere XI elongate, apically pointed. Pronotum moderately short, lateral margins short, distinctly curved with continuous narrow bead, similar width throughout; surface shiny, very finely, evenly punctate. Elytron moderately broad, laterally broadly curved; surface shiny, more coarsely and evenly punctate than pronotum, punctation distinctive and prominent, densely and evenly punctate. Prosternum extremely short, longitudinally compressed, medially slightly carinate; prosternal process slender anteriorly, with distinctive, small medial tubercle, apically short and broad, medially flattened, apically broadly rounded. Metaventrite broad and evenly smoothly convex medially, surface shiny, finely, sparsely, and evenly punctate; metaventrite wings extremely slender. Metacoxa with medial portion short, < 1/3 length of metaventrite medially, metacoxal lines slightly divergent anteriorly; lateral portion of metacoxa extremely large, anteriorly strongly expanded; surface shiny, finely, sparsely, and evenly punctate. Metatrochanter large, subequal to length of ventral margin of metafemur; legs otherwise not noticeably modified. Abdomen with surfaces shiny and smooth, very finely and sparsely punctate.

Figures 1–12. 

Desmopachria species. (1, 2) Desmopachria divergens 1 habitus 2 male genitalia, ventral aspect. (3,4) Desmopachria lineata 1 habitus 2 male genitalia ventral aspect (5–8) Desmopachria surinamensis 5 habitus 6–8 male genitalia 6 median lobe, right lateral aspect 7 median lobe, ventral aspect 8 right lateral lobe, right lateral aspect (9–12) Desmopachria tenua 9 habitus 10 median lobe, right lateral aspect 11 median lobe and right lateral lobe, ventral aspect; 12 right lateral lobe, right lateral aspect. Scale bars: 1.0 mm for habitus drawings.

Male genitalia. Male median lobe in ventral aspect very broad, lateral margins linear to very broad, truncate apex (Fig. 2). Lateral lobe in ventral aspect slender, medially constricted on medial margin, apically slender, strongly curved laterad, apex narrowly rounded (Fig. 2).

Sexual dimorphism. No obvious sexual dimorphic features were discovered.

Variation. No characteristic variation was examined among the specimens examined.

This species is named divergens, Latin for divergent, for the apically distinctly divergent lateral lobes (Fig. 2).

Specimens are only known from the type locality, Caño Gato, Amazonas, Venezuela (Fig. 76).

Holotype in MIZA, male labeled, “VENEZUELA: Amazonas State 4°58.838'N, 67°44.241'W, 95m Communidad Caño Gato, on Rio Sipapo; 16.i.2009; leg. Short, Miller, Camacho, Joly, & García VZ09-0116-01Z: along stream/ SM0843057 KUNHM-ENT [barcode label]/ HOLOTYPE Desmopachria divergens Miller, 2021 [red label with black line border].” Paratypes, 19 in MIZA, MSBA, and SEMC labeled same as holotype except different barcode labels (Table 1) and each with “/…PARATYPE Desmopachria divergens Miller, 2021 [blue label with black line border.”

Venezuela, Amazonas State, near Iboruwa, “Tobogancito,” 5°48.414'N, 67°26.313'W.

This species is distinct in having coarse punctation on the pronotum and elytron with many punctures on the elytron arranged in distinctive longitudinal linear series, often confluent such that linear grooves are formed (Fig. 3). The male genitalia are distinctive with the median lobe shorter than half the length of the lateral lobes, broad and apically truncate and the lateral lobes elongate, apically somewhat expanded and with a dense series of elongate setae on the apicomedial surface (Fig. 4). Specimens are rather large for Desmopachria (TL = 2.6–2.8 mm). This species is similar to members of the Desmopachria portmanni group, especially Desmopachria grammosticta Braga & Ferreira‑Jr., which also has linear series of elytral punctures. However, Desmopachria lineata does not have the characteristic sexually dimorphic prosternal process of the Desmopachria portmanni species-group (including Desmopachria grammosticta). The prosternal process in males of Desmopachria lineata is not bifurcate with a medial pit, instead it is similar to the process in females. This is an unusual species in that it appears phonetically similar to members of the Desmopachria portmanni group, but it lacks the bifid male prosternal process. It is certainly possible that the character states and relationships among these taxa is more complicated than currently understood. It seems clear that investigation of the utility and diversity of these and other characters among this group of Desmopachria should be investigated in the future.

Measurements. TL = 2.6–2.8 mm, GW = 1.9–2.0 mm, PW = 1.4–1.5 mm, HW = 1.0 mm, EW = 0.5–0.6 mm, TL/GW = 1.4, HW/EW = 1.8. Body large for genus, very broad, rounded, laterally broadly curved, lateral margins slightly continuous between pronotum and elytron, body broadest across elytra anterior at ca. midlength of body (Fig. 3).

Coloration. Dorsal surface of head, pronotum and elytron red brown, moderately uniform in color throughout. Head appendages, pro- and mesothoracic legs and ventral surfaces of head and prothorax orange; other ventral surfaces red.

Sculpture and structure. Head broad, anteriorly produced in rounded lobe; anterior margin of clypeus curved, flattened, margined with conspicuous, continuous flattened bead; surface of head shiny, finely but distinctly punctate over entire surface; eyes moderately large (HW/EW = 1.8); antennae short, scape and pedicel relatively large and rounded, flagellomere III long and slender, apically expanded, antennomeres IV-X short and broad, lobed at anterodorsal angle, antennomere XI elongate, apically pointed. Pronotum very short, lateral margins short, broadly curved, more so anteriorly, with continuous narrow bead; surface shiny, coarsely punctate medially and along most of anterior margin, less punctate lateromedially, punctures irregular, some confluent. Elytron moderately broad, laterally broadly curved; surface shiny, more coarsely punctate than pronotum, punctation distinctive and prominent, irregular, many punctures confluent forming distinctive longitudinal lines and grooves. Prosternum extremely short, longitudinally compressed, medially slightly carinate; prosternal process slender anteriorly, with distinctive, low medial tubercle, apical portion broad basally with broad basal U-shaped region and concave slender apical process emerging from between branches of U, apically narrowly rounded. Metaventrite broad and evenly convex medially, surface shiny, coarsely punctate, punctures forming longitudinal, linear series; metaventrite wings extremely slender. Metacoxa with medial portion short, < 1/3 length of metaventrite medially, metacoxal lines slightly divergent anteriorly; lateral portion of metacoxa extremely large, anteriorly strongly expanded; surface shiny, evenly and coarsely punctate. Metatrochanter large, subequal to length of ventral margin of metafemur; legs otherwise not noticeably modified. Abdomen with surfaces shiny and smooth, most of surface coarsely punctate.

Male genitalia. Male median lobe in dorsal aspect short and broad, < 1/2 length of lateral lobe, apex slightly broadened, apically truncate with rounded lateral margins, medially very finely emarginate, (Fig. 4). Lateral lobe in dorsal aspect slender, elongate, evenly expanded apically and broadly curved mediad, apicomedial surface with dense, long setae (Fig. 4).

Sexual dimorphism. No obvious sexual dimorphic features were discovered.

Variation. There is some degree of variation in the punctation on the pronotum, elytron and ventral surfaces from specimen to specimen with some with punctures coarser, more confluent, with more strongly marked linear series. But in all cases, some degree of coarse linear series is present on the elytra and punctation is coarse overall compared with most other species in the genus.

This species is named lineata, Latin for lined, for the distinctive linear series of punctures on the disc of the elytron (Fig. 3).

This species is known from Amazonas and Bolivar States, Venezuela, and (Fig. 76).

Holotype in MIZA, male labeled, “VENEZUELA: Amazonas State 5°48.414'N, 67°26.313'W, 80m nr. Iboruwa: “Tobogancito” 13.ii.2009; leg. K.B. Miller VZ09-0113-02E; leaf-choked detrital pools in forest/ SEMC0858759 KUNHM-ENT/ HOLOTYPE Desmopachria lineata Miller, 2021 [red label with black line border].” Paratypes, 2 in SEMC labeled, “VENEZUELA: Bolivar State 4°28.782'N, 61°34.904'W, 853m 1 km E. Pauji, trib. Of Rio Pauji 16.vii.2010;leg Short, Tellez, Arias along stream; VZ10-0716-01A/…” with barcode labels SEMC0906695 and SEMC0906722.

Suriname, Sipaliwini District, Raleighvallen Nature Reserve, Voltzberg Trail, 4°40.910'N, 56°11.138'W.

This species is similar to members of the Desmopachria apicodente group in having a longitudinal tumidity laterally on the elytron, being extremely broad (TL/GW = 1.3–1.4) and having a very distinctive, flattened bead along the anterior clypeal margin. However, Desmopachria surinamensis lacks the apical tooth on the lateral lobe characteristic of the Desmopachria apicodente group (see below). The male genitalia are distinctive. The median lobe in ventral aspect is elongate, broad, and comprised of long, slender, evenly curved lateral margins with a thin region in between (Fig. 7). The apices of the lateral struts are narrowly rounded and proximate with a small emargination in-between (Fig. 7).

Measurements. TL = 1.9–2.0 mm, GW = 1.4–1.5 mm, PW = 1.0–1.1 mm, HW = 0.6–0.7 mm, EW = 0.4–0.5 mm, TL/GW = 1.3–1.4, HW/EW = 1.8–1.9. Body very broad, rounded, laterally broadly curved, lateral margins continuous between pronotum and elytron, body broadest across elytra near midlength of body (Fig. 6).

Coloration. Dorsal surface of head and pronotum orange. Elytron red, slightly paler anterolaterally. Head appendages, pro- and mesothoracic legs and ventral surfaces of head and prothorax orange, other ventral surfaces red.

Sculpture and structure. Head broad, anteriorly produced, flattened, anterior margin of clypeus curved, margined with conspicuous, continuous flattened narrow bead; surface of head shiny, finely and sparsely punctate; eyes large (HW/EW = 1.8–19); antennae short, scape and pedicel relatively large and rounded, flagellomere III long and slender, apically expanded, antennomeres IV-X short and broad, lobed at anterodorsal angle, antennomere XI elongate, apically pointed. Pronotum very short, lateral margins short, slightly curved with continuous narrow bead, of even width throughout length; surface shiny, nearly impunctate medially, punctate around margins, punctation somewhat variable, with few larger punctures. Elytron moderately broad, laterally broadly curved; surface shiny, somewhat more coarsely and evenly punctate than pronotum, punctation fine, some punctures anteromedially on elytron forming moderately distinct longitudinal linear series; laterally with distinctive longitudinal rounded ridge extending posteriorly from humeral angle ~ 1/3 length of elytron. Prosternum extremely short, longitudinally compressed, medially slightly carinate; prosternal process slender anteriorly, with distinctive, small medial tubercle, apically short and broad, medially flattened, apically acutely pointed. Metaventrite broad and evenly smoothly convex medially, surface shiny, impunctate; metaventrite wings extremely slender. Metacoxa with medial portion short, ~ 1/3 length of metaventrite medially, metacoxal lines slightly divergent anteriorly; lateral portion of metacoxa extremely large, anteriorly strongly expanded; surface shiny, impunctate. Metatrochanter large, subequal to length of ventral margin of metafemur; legs otherwise not noticeably modified. Abdomen with surfaces shiny and smooth, very finely and sparsely punctate.

Male genitalia. Male median lobe comprised of slender lateral margins between which is a membranous region, in lateral aspect entire median lobe broad, shallowly curved to rounded apex (Fig. 6); in ventral aspect, narrow basally, broad medially and apically, lateral margins converging, nearly touching apically, but separated by narrow, curved emargination (Fig. 7). Lateral lobe in lateral aspect short, broad, apically attenuated, and curved dorsad, with dense series of long, course setae along ventral margin to apex (Fig. 8).

Sexual dimorphism. No clear sexual dimorphic features were discovered.

Variation. No significant variation was examined among the specimens examined.

This species is named surinamensis after the country of collection of the type series.

This species is known only from Sipaliwini District, Suriname (Fig. 76).

Holotype in NZCS, male labeled, “SURINAME: Sipaliwini District 04°40.910'N, 56°11.138'W, 78 m/ Raleighfallen [sic] Nature Reserve Voltzberg trail; margin of stream leg. C. Maier, V. Kadosoe 30.vii.2012; SR12-0730-01A/ SEMC1114775 KUNHM-ENT [barcode label]/ HOLOTYPE Desmopachria surinamensis Miller, 2021 [red label with black line border].” Paratypes, 7, in SEMC and MSBA labeled same as holotype except with different SEMC barcode numbers (Table 1) and each with “/…PARATYPE Desmopachria surinamensis Miller, 2021 [blue label with black line border.”

Guyana, Region IX, Parabara, trail to mines, 2°05.095'N 59°14.174"W.

This species has a distinctive dorsal maculate color pattern (Fig. 9). Also, the male median lobe in lateral aspect is extremely slender (Fig. 10). The lateral lobes are moderately broad and twisted with the apical portion leaf-like (Figs 11, 12). The species does not fit into any of the recognized groups of Desmopachria, and it is not especially similar to any others in the “ungrouped” species.

Measurements. TL = 1.5 mm, GW = 1.0 mm, PW = 0.7 mm, HW = 0.5 mm, EW = 0.2 mm, TL/GW = 1.6, HW/EW = 2.1. Body oval, laterally broadly curved, lateral margins slightly discontinuous between pronotum and elytron, body broadest across elytra at ~ midlength of body (Fig. 9).

Coloration (Fig. 9). Dorsal surface of head and pronotum pale orange; elytron orange-brown with pale orange maculae at humeral angle, anterobasally, subbasally near humeral angle, medially, along mediolateral margin, subapically along margin and at apex. Head appendages, pro- and mesothoracic legs and ventral surfaces of prothorax pale orange, maculae relatively well defined and variously confluent (Fig. 9); other ventral surfaces orange-brown.

Sculpture and structure. Head broad, anteriorly produced, rounded; anterior margin of clypeus curved, flattened, margined with conspicuous, continuous narrow bead; surface of head shiny, very finely and sparsely punctate; eyes large (HW/EW = 2.1); antennae short, scape and pedicel relatively large and rounded, flagellomere III long and slender, apically expanded, antennomeres IV-X short and broad, lobed at anterodorsal angle, antennomere XI elongate, apically pointed. Pronotum short, lateral margins short, slightly curved with continuous narrow bead, slightly wider medially; surface shiny, finely, indistinctly punctate. Elytron moderately broad, laterally broadly curved; surface shiny, finely punctate throughout. Prosternum extremely short, longitudinally compressed, medially slightly carinate; prosternal process slender anteriorly, with distinctive, small medial tubercle, apically short and moderately broad, medially concave, apically pointed. Metaventrite broad and evenly smoothly convex medially, surface shiny, very finely punctate; metaventrite wings extremely slender. Metacoxa with medial portion short, < 1/3 length of metaventrite medially, metacoxal lines slightly divergent anteriorly; lateral portion of metacoxa extremely large, anteriorly strongly expanded; surface shiny, extremely finely punctate. Metatrochanter large, subequal to length of ventral margin of metafemur; legs otherwise not noticeably modified. Abdomen with surfaces shiny and smooth, very finely and sparsely punctate.

Male genitalia. Male median lobe in lateral aspect long, extremely slender, and slightly curved, slightly expanded subapically on dorsal surface, apex narrowly pointed (Fig. 10); in ventral aspect slender, lateral margins evenly, broadly curved to pointed apex (Fig. 11). Lateral lobe in lateral aspect broad, apically twisted, apex leaflike and curved dorsad, apex pointed (Figs 11, 12).

Sexual dimorphism and variation. Two specimens were examined, a male and one other. They are not noticeably different. It is not clear if the second specimen is a male or female.

This species is named tenua, Latin for slender, for the very thin male median lobe in lateral aspect.

This species is only known from the type locality in Guyana (Fig. 76).

Holotype in CSBD, male labeled, “GUYANA: Region IX 2°05.095'N,59°14.174'W, 250m Parabara , Trail to mines detrital pools in forest leg. Short, Isaacs, Salisbury 2.xi.2013; GY13-1102-01A/ SEMC1271250 KUNHM-ENT [barcode label]/ HOLOTYPE Desmopachria tenua Miller, 2021 [red label with black line border].” Paratypes, 1 in SEMC labeled same as holotype except “…/ SEMC1271268 KINHM-ENT [barcode label]…” and “/…PARATYPE Desmopachria tenua Miller, 2021 [blue label with black line border.”

Venezuela, Apure State, between Orinoco and Cinaruco Rivers, 6°30.900'N, 67°32.604'W.

Specimens are moderately large for a Desmopachria species (TL = 1.7–1.8 mm). The dorsal color pattern is distinctive with a large dark brown region on the elytron medially near the suture and with a large, diffuse pale macula apicomedially and along the lateral margins to the apex (Fig. 13). The male genitalia are distinctive with the male median lobe straight and apically sharply pointed in lateral aspect (Fig. 14) and broad and apically broadly truncate in ventral aspect (Figs 15, 16). The lateral lobe is moderately broad with the apices sharply curved mediad with a distinct, small, elongate apical tooth (Figs 16, 17). Desmopachria amyae Miller, from Bolivia, has very similar genitalia including the apical tooth on the lateral lobe (Miller 2001: fig. 2), but that species has a different color pattern, an elytral sutural stria, and lateral furrows on the elytron (Miller 2001) which are missing in Desmopachria apicodente. Desmopachria lateralis, also from Venezuela, also has a minute apical tooth on the lateral lobe, but a different dorsal color pattern, a distinct carina along the lateral margin of the elytron, and the male median lobe is differently shaped, with a distinctive subapical expansion on the ventral margin medially (Fig. 20).

Measurements. TL = 1.7–1.8 mm, GW = 1.2–1.3 mm, PW = 1.0–1.1 mm, HW = 0.7–0.8 mm, EW = 0.4–0.5 mm, TL/GW = 1.3–1.4, HW/EW = 1.8–1.9. Body broad, laterally broadly rounded, lateral margins continuous between pronotum and elytron; dorsoventrally rounded.

Coloration. Head pale orange. Pronotum pale orange with dark area along posterior margin. Elytron dark red-brown broadly along suture, becoming pale red medially, with pale, poorly demarked maculae anteromedially, laterally along border, apically, and often in small line medially (Fig. 13). Ventral surfaces yellow to orange.

Sculpture and structure. Head broad, short; anterior margin of clypeus finely margined with continuous narrow bead; surface of head shiny, punctation extremely fine and sparse; eyes large (HW/EW = 1.8–1.9); antennae short, scape and pedicel relatively large and rounded, flagellomere III long and slender, apically expanded, antennomeres IV-X short and broad, antennomere XI elongate, apically pointed. Pronotum short, lateral margins short, curved with continuous narrow bead; surface shiny, punctation very fine, of the same size and evenly distributed, posterior margin slightly sinuate. Elytron broad, laterally broadly curved; surface shiny, punctation small, some punctures arranged into indistinct series, especially anteromedially. Prosternum extremely short, longitudinally compressed, medially flattened; prosternal process short, broad, flattened, apically pointed. Metaventrite broad and evenly smoothly convex medially, surface shiny, impunctate; metaventrite wings extremely slender. Metacoxa with medial portion short, < 1/3 length of metaventrite medially, metacoxal lines slightly sinuate, divergent anteriorly; lateral portion of metacoxa extremely large, anteriorly strongly expanded; surface shiny, impunctate. Metatrochanter very large, longer than length of ventral margin of metafemur; legs otherwise not noticeably modified. Abdomen with surfaces shiny and smooth, surface impunctate.

Male genitalia. Male median lobe in lateral aspect moderately broad, elongate, straight, and of even width to sharply pointed apex, apically slight curved ventrad (Fig. 14; in ventral aspect elongate and broad, subapically slightly constricted, apex broadly subtruncate (Fig. 15). Lateral lobe elongate, moderately broad throughout most of length, apex strongly curved mediad with small but distinctive elongate “tooth” at apex (Figs 16, 17).

Figures 13–27. 

Desmopachria apicodente-group species. (13–17) Desmopachria apicodente 13 habitus 14 male median lobe, right lateral aspect 15 male median lobe, ventral aspect 16 male median lobe and lateral lobes, ventral aspect 17 right lateral lobe, right lateral aspect (18–22) Desmopachria lateralis 18 habitus 19 left elytron, left lateral aspect 20 male median lobe, right lateral aspect 21 male median lobe and right lateral lobe, ventral aspect 22 right lateral lobe, right lateral aspect (23–27) Desmopachria tumida 23 habitus 24 left elytron, left lateral aspect 25 male median lobe, right lateral aspect 26 male median lobe, ventral aspect 27 right lateral lobe, right lateral aspect. Scale bars: 1.0 mm for habitus drawings.

Sexual dimorphism. No obvious external sexual dimorphism was observed.

Variation. Specimens vary considerably in the extent of the fasciate pattern on the elytron and intensity of coloration, some of which is related to teneral condition. Some specimens barely have pale regions visible that are weakly delimited, others have a distinctive pattern on the dorsal surface.

This species is named apicodente, from Latin, apico, for apical, and dente, for tooth, for the apical tooth on the male lateral lobe.

This species is known only from Apure, Bolivar and Amazonas States, Venezuela and Region IX, Guyana (Fig. 77).

Holotype in MIZA, male labeled, “VENEZUELA: Apure State 6°30.900'N, 67°32.604'W; 68m Btw Orinoco and Cinaruco Rivers 17.i.2009; Short, Miller, Camacho VZ09-0117-01X; morichal/ SMEC085232 KUNHM-ENT [barcode label]/ HOLOTYPE Desmopachria apicodente Miller, 2021 [red label with black line border].” Paratypes, 400, all with different barcode labels (Table 1) and “…/PARATYPE Desmopachria apicodente Miller, 2021 [blue label with black line border]”; 20 in MIZA, MSBA and SEMC labeled same as holotype; 31 in SEMC labeled, “VENEZUELA: Bolívar State 6°13'4.6"N, 67°14'26.4"W, 60m ca. 25 km E El Burro 12.i.2009; leg. Short et al. rocky morichal; VZ09-0113-01X/…”; 10 in SEMC labeled, “VENEZUELA: Amazonas State 5°20.514'N; 67°45.315'W, 87m S. Communidad Porvenir 15.i.2009; leg. Miller & Short VZ09-0115-03B: small streamlet/…”; 50 in CSBD and SEMC labeled, “GUYANA: Region IX 2°48.531'N,59°51.900'W, 170m Kusad Mts., Mokoro Creek pool in rock, with detritus leg. A. Short; 27.x.2013 GY13-1027-03E/…”; 29 in SEMC labeled, “GUYANA: Region IX 2°47.417'N, 59°53.986'W, 113m Kusad Mts., Taraara Wao Creek margin & isolated side pools leg. Short, Isaacs, Salisbury 28.x.2013; GY13-1028-01A/…”; 9 in SEMC labeled, “GUYANA: Region IX 2°48.588'N,59°51.931'W, 194m Kusad Mts., basecamp area leg. A. Short; 23.x.2013; pool in creek bed; GY13-1023-02A/…”; 7 in SEMC labeled, “GUYANA: Region IX 2°48.531'N,59°51.900'W, 170m Kusad Mts., Mokoro Creek pool in rock, with detritus leg. A. Short; 27.x.2013 GY13-1027-03E/…”; 12 in SEMC labeled same, except, “…main seepage area leg. Short, Isaacs, Salisbury 27.x.2013; GY13-1027-03B/…”; 1 in SEMC labeled, “GUYANA: Region IX 2°48.531'N,59°51.900'W, 170m Kusad Mts., large seepage nr. Basecamp; on wet rocks leg. A. Short & W. Washington GY13-1024-03C/…”

Venezuela, Amazonas State, Communidad Caño Gato, on Rio Sipapo, 4°58.838'N, 67°44.341'W.

This species is particularly distinctive because of the lateral carina extending along the lateral margin of the elytron from the humeral angle almost the entire length of the elytron. Specimens are moderately large for Desmopachria species (TL = 1.7–1.8 mm). The dorsal color pattern is distinctive in many specimens with most of the elytron brown with a broad region longitudinally along the suture dark brown (Figs 18, 19). The male genitalia are distinctive with the median lobe in lateral aspect elongate, sublinear along the dorsal margin and medially expanded along the ventral margin and apically narrowly rounded (Fig. 20). In ventral aspect the median lobe is broad with the lateral margins slightly convergent to the broadly truncate apex (Fig. 21). The lateral lobe is moderately broad basally and narrowed apically to a narrowly rounded apex, apically with a small, elongate apical tooth (Fig. 22). See under Desmopachria apicodente for additional diagnostic differences between that species, Desmopachria amyae, and Desmopachria lateralis.

Measurements. TL = 1.7–1.8 mm, GW = 1.3–1.4 mm, PW = 1.0–1.1 mm, HW = 0.6–0.7 mm, EW = 0.3–0.4 mm, TL/GW = 1.3–1.4, HW/EW = 1.9–2.0. Body very broad, rounded, laterally broadly rounded, lateral margins slightly discontinuous between pronotum and elytron; dorsoventrally somewhat compressed.

Coloration. Head pale orange. Pronotum pale orange with narrow dark area medially along posterior margin. Elytron dark orange, with broad dark brown band longitudinally along suture, also with small diffuse, pale macula at apex, and paler diffuse areas anteromedially (Fig. 18). Ventral surfaces yellow to orange.

Sculpture and structure. Head broad, short; anterior margin of clypeus finely margined with continuous narrow bead, bead slightly more expanded medially; surface of head shiny, punctures extremely fine, nearly impunctate; eyes large (HW/EW = 1.9–2.0); antennae short, scape and pedicel relatively large and rounded, flagellomere III long and slender, apically expanded, antennomeres IV-X short and broad, antennomere XI elongate, apically pointed. Pronotum short, lateral margins short, curved with continuous narrow bead; surface shiny, punctation very fine over most of surface, larger and denser posteromedially. Elytron broad, laterally broadly curved; surface shiny, punctation variable, some punctures arranged into indistinct series, especially anteromedially (Fig. 18); lateral margin, dorsad of epipleural carina, with distinct, longitudinal carina extending from humeral angle most of length of elytron (Fig. 19). Prosternum extremely short, longitudinally compressed, medially flattened; prosternal process short, broad, flattened, apically pointed. Metaventrite broad and evenly smoothly convex medially, surface shiny, impunctate; metaventrite wings extremely slender. Metacoxa with medial portion short, < 1/3 length of metaventrite medially, metacoxal lines slightly sinuate, divergent anteriorly; lateral portion of metacoxa extremely large, anteriorly strongly expanded; surface shiny, impunctate, slightly rugulose. Metatrochanter very large, longer than length of ventral margin of metafemur; legs otherwise not noticeably modified. Abdomen with surfaces shiny and smooth, surface impunctate.

Male genitalia. Male median lobe in lateral aspect moderately broad, elongate, straight, with submedial expansion on ventral surface, apex narrowly rounded (Fig. 20); in ventral aspect elongate and broad, apex broadly subtruncate, slightly emarginate (Fig. 21). Lateral lobe elongate, moderately broad medially, apically narrowed to apex, apex sharply curved mediad with small but distinctive elongate “tooth” at apex (Fig. 22).

Sexual dimorphism. No obvious external sexual dimorphism was observed.

Variation. Specimens vary in the extent of the color pattern on the elytron and intensity of coloration, some of which is related to teneral condition. Some specimens have pale regions barely visible and they are weakly delimited, others have a distinctive pattern on the dorsal surface.

This species is named lateralis, from the Latin for the lateral carina on the elytron.

This species is known only from Amazonas State, Venezuela (Fig. 77).

Holotype in MIZA, male labeled, “VENEZUELA: Amazonas State 4°58.838'N, 67°44.341'W; 95m Communidad Caño Gato, on Rio Sipapo; 16.i.2009; leg. Short, Miller, Camacho, Joly, & García VZ09-0116-01X; along stream/ SM0843192 KUNHM-ENT [barcode label]/ HOLOTYPE Desmopachria lateralis Miller, 2021 [red label with black line border].” Paratypes, 1 in SEMC labeled same as holotype except with “…/ SM0843335 KUNHM-ENT [barcode label];” 14 in MSBA, MIZA, and SEMC labeled, “VENEZUELA: Amazonas State 5°20.514'N; 67°45.315'W, 87m S. Communidad Porvenir 15.i.2009; leg. Miller & Short VZ09-0115-03B; small streamlet…”; 10 in USNM and MSBA labeled, “BRAZIL: Para:Rio Zingu Camp (52°22'W. 3°39'S) Altamira (ca 60km S.) 11 Oct 2986 P.Spangler & R.Crombie/…” Each paratype with different barcode labels (Table 1) and all paratypes with “…PARATYPE Desmopachria lateralis Miller, 2021 [blue label with black line border].”

Venezuela, Bolivar State, Gran Sabana, Pauji, Esmeraldes, 4°28.233'N, 17°35.559'W.

This species is characterized by the distinctive lateral longitudinal tumidity on the elytron (Figs 23, 24). The humeral angle in dorsal aspect is subsinuate because of lateral expansion of the tumidity. The male genitalia are distinct with the median lobe broad with the lateral margins medially bisinuate and apically narrowed to an apically rounded apex (Fig. 25) and in lateral aspect with the base large and rounded and the apical portion with the dorsal margin linear and with a broad expansion on the ventral margin with the apex slender and apically narrowly rounded (Fig. 26). The lateral lobe is broad medially and apically tapered to a pointed apex with a distinct apical socketed “tooth” (Fig. 27). This tooth is shared with two other species, Desmopachria apicodente sp. nov. and Desmopachria lateralis sp. nov., together making up the Desmopachria apicodente species-group (see Diagnosis under Desmopachria apicodente for discussion of differences). Desmopachria lateralis also has a prominent lateral longitudinal elytral tumidity, but that species has differently shaped male genitalia (Figs 20–22).

Measurements. TL = 2.0 mm, GW = 1.5 mm, PW = 1.1 mm, HW = 0.7 mm, EW = 0.4 mm, TL/GW = 1.4, HW/EW = 1.8. Body very broad, laterally broadly rounded, lateral margins nearly continuously curved between pronotum and elytron (Fig. 23).

Coloration. Head and pronotum evenly orange. Elytron brown, laterally and apically somewhat paler brown-orange. Ventral surfaces and appendages orange to orange-brown.

Sculpture and structure. Head broad, short; anterior margin of clypeus distinctly margined with continuous flattened bead, broader and flatter medially; surface of head shiny, punctation extremely fine and sparse; eyes large (HW/EW = 1.8); antennae short, scape and pedicel relatively large and rounded, flagellomere III long and slender, apically expanded, antennomeres IV-X short and broad, antennomere XI elongate, apically pointed. Pronotum short, lateral margins short, gently curved with continuous narrow marginal bead; surface shiny, punctation very fine, of the same size and evenly distributed except more coarsely punctate posteromedially. Elytron broad, laterally broadly curved, lateral margin distinctly sinuate at humeral angle, with distinct lateral tumidity extending posteriorly from humeral angle (Figs 23, 24); surface shiny, punctation of two sizes, minute and small, evenly punctate. Prosternum extremely short, longitudinally compressed, medially flattened; prosternal process broad, flattened, concave with broad lateral bead, apically pointed. Metaventrite broad and evenly smoothly convex medially, surface shiny, impunctate; metaventrite wings extremely slender. Metacoxa with medial portion short, < 1/3 length of metaventrite medially, metacoxal lines slightly sinuate, divergent anteriorly; lateral portion of metacoxa extremely large, anteriorly strongly expanded; surface shiny, extremely minutely punctate. Metatrochanter very large, longer than length of ventral margin of metafemur; legs otherwise not noticeably modified. Abdomen with surfaces shiny and smooth, surface impunctate.

Male genitalia. Male median lobe in in lateral aspect with large, broad, rounded base, apical portion with dorsal margin linear, ventral margin with large expansion medially, apically narrowed and slender to narrowly rounded apex (Fig. 25); in ventral aspect broad, long, lateral margins distinctly sinuate medially, apically narrowed to broadly rounded apex (Fig. 26). Lateral lobe large, broad medially, narrow basally and apically strongly and evenly narrowed to pointed apex, dorsal margin with long dense series of long setae (Fig. 27).

Sexual dimorphism and variation. Only a single male specimen was examined.

This species is named tumida, Latin for swollen, for the laterally tumid, or swollen, elytral margins (Figs 23, 24).

This species is known only from one site in the Gran Sabana of Bolivar State, Venezuela (Fig. 77).

Holotype in MIZA, male labeled, “VENEZUELA: Bolivar State 4°28.233'N, 61°35.559'W, 867 m Gran Sabana, Pauji: Esmeraldes 16.vii.2010;leg. Short, Tellez, Arias detrital pools by forested stream VZ10-0716-02A/ SEMC0908227 KUNHM-ENT [barcode label]/ HOLOTYPE Desmopachria tumida Miller, 2021 [red label with black line border].” This species is only known from the holotype.

Peru, Junín, Sani Beni. The type locality is ambiguous. According to Otto (2017) this collection locality by P. Woytkowski may refer to a misspelling of “Sani Benu” which is at approximately 11.253917°S, 74.565565°W (see below).

Males of this species have the male genitalia very distinctive with the median lobe very short and strongly bifurcate (Fig. 29). The lateral lobes in dorsal aspect and broad, parallel-sided, and apically subtruncate (Fig. 29). In lateral aspect, they are slender and abruptly bent medially (Fig. 30). Specimens are very broad in dorsal aspect and dark reddish-brown dorsally. A number of species of Desmopachria have the median lobe short with long, medially bent lateral lobes like Desmopachria bifurcita, including Desmopachria bifasciata Zimmermann, Desmopachria bolivari Miller, Desmopachria chei Miller, Desmopachria lata sp. nov., Desmopachria varians Wehncke, and Desmopachria ovalis Sharp. Among these, Desmopachria bifurcita is the only one with a bifid median lobe (Fig. 29). These species may together form another species group within Desmopachria, but more thorough examination of specimens will be needed to determine this.

Measurements. TL = 1.8–1.9 mm, GW = 1.3 mm, PW = 1.0 mm, HW = 0.6 mm, EW = 0.3 mm, TL/GW = 1.4, HW/EW = 2.1–2.4. Body very broad, rounded, laterally broadly curved, lateral margins continuous between pronotum and elytron, body broadest across elytra anterior midlength of body (Fig. 28).

Coloration (Fig. 28). Dorsal surface of head dark red, paler red along anterior margin. Pronotum evenly red. Elytron red, vaguely darker along anterior and sutural margins. Head appendages, legs, and ventral surfaces red to dark red.

Sculpture and structure. Head broad, anteriorly produced in rounded lobe; anterior margin of clypeus curved, flattened, margined with conspicuous, continuous flattened narrow bead; surface of head shiny, finely and sparsely punctate; eyes large (Fig. 28, HW/EW = 2.1–2.4); antennae short, scape and pedicel relatively large and rounded, flagellomere III long and slender, apically expanded, antennomeres IV-X short and broad, lobed at anterodorsal angle, antennomere XI elongate, apically pointed. Pronotum very short, lateral margins short, slightly curved with continuous narrow bead, slightly wider medially; surface shiny, impunctate medially, punctate around margins, punctation variable, fine to course. Elytron moderately broad, laterally broadly curved; surface shiny, more coarsely and evenly punctate than pronotum, punctation distinctive and prominent. Prosternum extremely short, longitudinally compressed, medially slightly carinate; prosternal process slender anteriorly, with distinctive, small medial tubercle, apically short and broad, medially slightly carinate, concave, apically acutely pointed. Metaventrite broad and evenly smoothly convex medially, surface shiny, moderately and irregularly punctate; metaventrite wings extremely slender. Metacoxa with medial portion short, < 1/3 length of metaventrite medially, metacoxal lines slightly divergent anteriorly; lateral portion of metacoxa extremely large, anteriorly strongly expanded; surface shiny, evenly punctate, punctures evenly distributed. Metatrochanter large, subequal to length of ventral margin of metafemur; legs otherwise not noticeably modified. Abdomen with surfaces shiny and smooth, very finely and sparsely punctate.

Male genitalia. Male median lobe in lateral aspect extremely short, apically distinctly bifid, each branch apicolaterally pointed, (Fig. 29). Lateral lobe in ventral aspect evenly broad throughout length, lateral margins parallel, apically broadly rounded (Fig. 30) in lateral aspect slender throughout length, abruptly curved medially (Fig. 31).

Sexual dimorphism. No obvious sexual dimorphic features were discovered.

Variation. No characteristic variation was examined among the specimens examined.

This species is named bifurcita, Latin for the short, bifurcate male median lobe.

The exact locality of collection of this species is somewhat ambiguous. The locality Sani Beni is probably “Sani Benu” at coordinates 11.253917°S, 74.565565°W, as with Eucnemidae Eschscholtz specimens collected by the same collector as documented by Otto (2017) (Fig. 78).

Holotype in SEMC, male labeled, “PERU Dept. Juni Sani Beni 1 Aug. 1935 [“1 Aug.” handwritten] P. Wyotkowski co/ HOLOTYPE Desmopachria bifurcita Miller, 2021 [red label with black line border].” Paratypes, 5 in SEMC and MSBA labeled same as holotype except with dates, 10 Aug 1935, 11 Aug 1935, 19 Aug 1935, 20 Aug 1935, and 6 Nov 1935 and “/…PARATYPE Desmopachria bifurcita Miller, 2021 [blue label with black line border].”

Figures 28–45. 

Desmopachria species. (28–30) Desmopachria bifurcita 28 habitus 29 male median and lateral lobes, dorsal aspect 30 male lateral lobe, right lateral aspect (31–33) Desmopachria lata 31 habitus 32 male genitalia, ventral aspect 33 right lateral lobe, right lateral aspect. (34, 35) Desompachria bifasciata 34 habitus 35 male genitalia, ventral aspect (36–38) Desmopachria bolivari 36 male genitalia, dorsal aspect 37 right lateral lobe, right lateral aspect 38 median lobe, right lateral aspect 39 Desmopachria ovalis, male genitalia, dorsal aspect (40–42) Desmopachria varians 40 habitus 41 male genitalia, ventral aspect 42 right lateral lobe, right lateral aspect (43–45) Desmopachria pseudocavia 43 habitus 44 abdominal sternite VI, ventral aspect 45 male median lobe and right lateral lobe, ventral aspect. Scale bars: 1.0 mm for habitus drawings; 0.25 mm (44).

Brazil, Pará State, Cachimbo.

Males of this species have the median lobe short and simple (Fig. 32). The lateral lobes are broad, long, and apically broadly expanded and truncate in dorsal aspect (Fig. 32) and medially abruptly bent and apically sinuate with a narrowly rounded apex (Fig. 33). The genitalia are similar to Desmopachria bolivari Miller, but that species has the apices of the lateral lobes broadened and with a distinctive medially directed tooth or hook, among other more subtle genitalic shape differences (Miller 1999: fig. 4).

Measurements. TL = 2.3 mm, GW = 1.5–1.6 mm, PW = 1.2–1.3 mm, HW = 0.8 mm, EW = 0.4 mm, TL/GW = 1.4–1.5, HW/EW = 2.1–2.2. Body very broad, rounded, laterally broadly curved, lateral margins continuous between pronotum and elytron, body broadest across elytra near midlength of body (Fig. 31).

Coloration (Fig. 31). Dorsal surface of head, pronotum and elytron dark red-brown, slightly but distinctly paler laterally on pronotum. Head appendages, pro- and mesothoracic legs, and prothoracic ventral surfaces red-orange, other ventral surfaces and metathoracic legs dark red-brown.

Sculpture and structure. Head broad, anterior margin flattened, margined with distinctive narrow bead; surface of head shiny, finely and sparsely punctate; eyes large (Fig. 31, HW/EW = 2.1–2.2); antennae short, scape and pedicel relatively large and rounded, flagellomere III long and slender, apically expanded, antennomeres IV-X short and broad, lobed at anterodorsal angle, antennomere XI elongate, apically pointed. Pronotum very short, lateral margins short, slightly curved with continuous narrow bead, slightly wider medially; surface shiny, impunctate medially, finely punctate around margins. Elytron very broad, laterally broadly curved; surface shiny, more coarsely and evenly punctate than pronotum, punctation distinctive and prominent, moderately fine. Prosternum extremely short, longitudinally compressed, medially slightly carinate; prosternal process slender anteriorly, with distinctive, small medial tubercle, apically short and moderately broad, medially evenly convex, apically broadly pointed. Metaventrite broad and evenly smoothly convex medially, surface shiny, impunctate; metaventrite wings extremely slender. Metacoxa with medial portion short, < 1/3 length of metaventrite medially, metacoxal lines indistinct, slightly divergent anteriorly; lateral portion of metacoxa extremely large, anteriorly strongly expanded; surface shiny, evenly, finely punctate. Metatrochanter large, subequal to length of ventral margin of metafemur; legs otherwise not noticeably modified. Abdomen with surfaces shiny and smooth, very finely and sparsely punctate.

Male genitalia. Male median lobe in lateral aspect short, slightly curved, apically simple; in ventral aspect short, slender, parallel-sided to narrowly rounded apex (Fig. 32). Lateral lobe in ventral aspect evenly broad throughout much of length, apex broadly expanded laterally, apex broad, somewhat obliquely truncate (Fig. 32); in lateral aspect slender throughout length, abruptly curved medially, apex abruptly slightly expanded and apically narrowly rounded (Fig. 33).

Sexual dimorphism. No obvious sexual dimorphic features were discovered.

Variation. There is some variation in the dorsal coloration with some specimens paler than others, but otherwise, little variation exists.

This species is named lata, Latin for broad, for the broad body in this species.

This species is known only from the type locality, Brazil, Pará State, Cachimbo (Fig. 78).

Holotype in USNM, male labeled, “Cachimbo, Para, Brasil, X.1959 M.Alvarenga/ USNMENT01190957 [barcode label]/ HOLOTYPE Desmopachria lata Miller, 2021 [red label with black line border].” Paratypes, 21 in USNM and MSBA labeled same as holotype except with different barcode labels (Table 1) and each with “/…PARATYPE Desmopachria lata Miller, 2021 [blue label with black line border.”

Venezuela, Bolivar State, Rio Caripito, near Rio Orinoco, 6.58694°N 67.02912°W.

This species belongs to the Desmopachria convexa-signata subgroup based on the small articulable, subapical process on the lateral lobe (Fig. 45). Specimens are similar to those of Desmopachria cavia Braga & Ferreira Jr. in size, shape, general features, and the presence of a setose depression medially on abdominal sternite VI. However, Desmopachria pseudocavia has a distinctly different dorsal color pattern (Fig. 43; Braga and Ferreira-Jr. 2010: fig. 3A) and similar, but differently shaped male genitalia. In Desmopachria pseudocavia the male median lobe terminates in two short rami which are apically rounded and evenly and strongly curved mediad (Fig. 45). In Desmopachria cavia these rami are more linear and are apically more distinctly pointed (Braga and Ferreira-Jr. 2010: figs 3D, E). Also, although both species are extremely small diving beetles, Desmopachria pseudocavia (TL = 1.1–1.2 mm) are even smaller than Desmopachria cavia (TL = 1.3–1.5 mm, Braga and Ferreira-Jr. 2010).

Measurements. TL = 1.1–1.2 mm, GW = 0.8 mm, PW = 0.6 mm, HW = 0.4–0.5 mm, EW = 0.2 mm, TL/GW = 1.4–1.5, HW/EW = 2.3–2.4. Body broad, ovoid, laterally broadly curved, lateral margins continuous between pronotum and elytron, body broadest across elytra at midlength of body (Fig. 43).

Coloration. Dorsal surface of head and pronotum yellow. Elytron brown with diffuse, complex maculae, margins of maculae indistinct (Fig. 43). Head appendages, legs, and ventral surfaces yellow.

Sculpture and structure. Head broad, anteriorly rounded, anterior margin of clypeus curved, flattened, margined with conspicuous, continuous flattened narrow bead; surface of head shiny, very finely and sparsely punctate; eyes very large (Fig. 43, HW/EW = 2.3–2.4); antennae short, scape and pedicel relatively large and rounded, flagellomere III long and slender, apically expanded, antennomeres IV-X short and broad, lobed at anterodorsal angle, antennomere XI elongate, apically pointed. Pronotum short, lateral margins short, curved with continuous narrow bead of even width throughout; surface shiny, impunctate to very finely and sparsely punctate. Elytron broad, laterally broadly curved; surface shiny, very finely and sparsely punctate. Prosternum extremely short, longitudinally compressed, medially slightly carinate; prosternal process slender anteriorly, with distinctive, small, sharp medial tubercle, apically short and broad, medially slightly carinate, concave, apically acutely pointed. Metaventrite broad and evenly smoothly convex medially, surface shiny, impunctate; metaventrite wings extremely slender. Metacoxa with medial portion short, < 1/3 length of metaventrite medially, metacoxal lines divergent anteriorly; lateral portion of metacoxa extremely large, anteriorly strongly expanded; surface shiny, impunctate. Metatrochanter large, subequal to length of ventral margin of metafemur; legs otherwise not noticeably modified. Abdomen with surfaces shiny and smooth, very finely and sparsely punctate; abdominal sternite VI with medial longitudinally oval depression with field of setae around margins (Fig. 44).

Male genitalia. Male median lobe in lateral aspect short, slightly curved ventrad; in ventral aspect broad basally, narrowed apically, apex formed as lateral, curved rami with medial rounded emargination (Fig. 45). Lateral lobe in ventral aspect robust, subapically concave on lateral margin, apex truncate, with distinct small subapical articulable process (Fig. 45).

Sexual dimorphism. No obvious sexually dimorphic features were discovered.

Variation. There is substantial variation in the extent and distinctiveness of the dorsal coloration on the elytra (Fig. 43), though the basic pattern seems to be conserved. The humeral and anteromedial maculae and the apical maculae are nearly always present and distinctive. The medial longitudinal macula and lateral maculae are range from nearly absent to vague or indistinct to distinctive.

This species is named pseudocavia, Latin for resembling cavia, for the similarities of this species to Desmopachria cavia Braga & Ferreira Jr.

This species is known from Venezuela from the states of Amazonas, Anzoategui, Apure, Bolivar, and Monagas (Fig. 78).

Holotype in MIZA, male labeled, “VENEZUELA: Amazonas State 4°58.838'N, 67°44.341'W; 95m Communidad Caño Gato, on Rio Sipapo; 16.i.2009; leg. Short, Miller, Camacho, Joly, and García VZ09-0116-01X: along stream/ SM0842899 KUNHM-ENT [barcode label]/ HOLOTYPE Desmopachria pseudocavia Miller, 2021 [red label with black line border].” Paratypes, 94 specimens, each with paratype label, “…/ PARATYPE Desmopachria pseudocavia Miller, 2021 [blue label with black line border]” and different barcode labels (Table 1); 69 in in MIZA, MSBA and SEMC labeled same as holotype; 3 in SEMC labeled, “VENEZUELA: Amazonas State 4°58.845'N, 67°44.345'W; 100m Communidad Caño Gato on Rio Sipapo; sandy stream; 7.i.2006 AS-06-016; leg. A.E.Z. Short/…”; 4 in SEMC labeled, “VENEZUELA: Amazonas State 4°55.849'N, 67°44.645'W, 87m Stream along Río Sipapo 16.i.2009; leg. Short, Garcia, Camacho, Miller, & Joly VZ09-0116-02X: stream habitats/…”; 3 in SEMC labeled, “VENEZUELA: Anzoategui State 9°05.808'N, 64°19.445'W, 236 m River along highway, N. El Tigre 3.ii.2010; leg. A. Short; vegetated backwaters; VZ10-0203-03B/…”; 2 in SEMC labeled, “VENEZUELA: Apure State 7°37.298'N, 69°3.679'W, 83m side road ca. 10 km E. Mantecal leg. Short, Garcia, & Camacho 18.i.2009; marshy area and pool by road; VZ09-0118-02X/…”; 2 in SEMC labeled, “VENEZUELA: Apure State 7°38.660'N, 69°18.004'W, 90m between “La Ye” & Bruzual 19.i.2009; Short, Camacho, & García; VZ09-0118-03X: lagoon/…”; 3 in SEMC labeled, “VENEZUELA: Bolívar State 6.558694°N; 67.02912°W Río Caripito, nr. Río Orinoco, 12.i.2009; leg. Short & Miller VZ09-0112-02A: river margin/…” 7 in SEMC labeled, “VENEZUELA: Monagas State 9°36.591'N, 63°8.295'W, 45 m S. of Maturin; vegetated river/ morichal margin;2.ii.2010; leg. Short & Garcia; VZ10-0202-01B/…”.

Venezuela, Bolivar State, Rio Aponwao at Highway 10, 5°50'49.2"N, 62°28'2.4"W.

This species belongs to the Desmopachria nitida group sensu Miller (2001) because of presence of deeply bifid male lateral lobes (Fig. 50). Within the group, the species has a bilaterally symmetrical, but extremely complicated male median lobe that is very unique in shape, medially distinctly constricted, apically broadly truncate, and with an apicomedial emargination, among other shape characteristics (Figs 47–50). Dorsal coloration is simple with the head and pronotum orange and elytron brown.

Measurements. TL = 1.8–1.9 mm, GW = 1.2–1.3 mm, PW = 0.9–1.0 mm, HW = 0.6–0.7 mm, EW = 0.3 mm, TL/GW = 1.4–1.5, HW/EW = 1.9–2.0. Body broad, elongate oval, laterally broadly curved, lateral margins continuous between pronotum and elytron, body broadest across elytra at midlength of body (Fig. 46).

Coloration (Fig. 46). Dorsal surface of head and pronotum evenly pale orange. Elytron dark orange, darker than surface of pronotum. Head appendages, legs and ventral surfaces orange to dark orange or orange-red.

Sculpture and structure. Head broad; anterior margin of clypeus evenly curved, flattened, margined with conspicuous, continuous narrow bead; surface of head shiny, finely and sparsely punctate; eyes large (HW/EW = 1.9–2.0); antennae short, scape and pedicel relatively large and rounded, flagellomere III long and slender, apically expanded, antennomeres IV-X short and broad, lobed at anterodorsal angle, antennomere XI elongate, apically pointed. Pronotum short, lateral margins short, sublinear with continuous narrow bead, slightly wider medially; surface shiny, impunctate medially, punctation denser along anterior and posterior margins, punctation fine. Elytron moderately broad, laterally broadly curved; surface shiny, more coarsely and evenly punctate than pronotum, punctation distinctive and prominent. Prosternum extremely short, longitudinally compressed, medially slightly carinate; prosternal process slender anteriorly, with distinctive, small medial tubercle, apical blade short and broad, basally transversely carinate, medially concave, apically broadly pointed. Metaventrite broad and evenly smoothly convex medially, surface shiny, very finely and sparsely; metaventrite wings extremely slender. Metacoxa with medial portion short, < 1/3 length of metaventrite medially, metacoxal lines divergent anteriorly; lateral portion of metacoxa extremely large, anteriorly strongly expanded; surface shiny, very finely and sparsely punctate. Metatrochanter large, subequal to length of ventral margin of metafemur; legs otherwise not noticeably modified. Abdomen with surfaces shiny and smooth, very finely and sparsely punctate.

Male genitalia. Male genitalia complex; median lobe elongate in lateral aspect, broad basally, medially constricted, broadly sinuate, apex strongly curved dorsal, apically pointed (Fig. 47); median lobe in ventral aspect very broad, lateral margins subparallel in basal half, with distinct constriction medially due to distinct lateral emarginations, apical half with lateral margins curved to apicolateral angle, apex very broadly truncate with distinct medial emargination (Figs 48, 49). Lateral lobe in broad basally, apically conspicuously bifurcate, dorsal branch apically broadly rounded, ventral branch apically truncate with dorsal corner acutely pointed dorsad (Fig. 50).

Sexual dimorphism. No obvious sexual dimorphic features were discovered.

Figures 46–50. 

Desmopachria wolfei. 46 habitus 47 male median lobe, right lateral aspect 48 male median lobe, ventral aspect 49 male median lobe and right lateral lobe, ventral aspect 50 right lateral lobe, right lateral aspect. Scale bar: 1.0 mm.

Variation. Some specimens are variously paler or darker in coloration than others.

This distinctive species is named wolfei for G.W. Wolfe, gifted coleopterist, exemplary water beetle biologist, exceptionally fine husband and father, and the author’s dear friend for many years.

This species is known only from Bolivar State, Venezuela (Fig. 79).

Holotype in MIZA, male labeled, “VENEZUELA: Bolivar State 5°50'49.2"N, 62°28'2.4"W, 1340 m Rio Aponwao @ Hwy 10 31.vii.2008; leg. A.Short, M. García AS-08-060a; small vegetated pool/ SM0827530 KUNHM-ENT [barcode label] / HOLOTYPE Desmopachria wolfei Miller, 2021 [red label with black line border].” Paratypes, 23; 9 in MIZA and SEMC labeled same as holotype except with “… PARATYPE Desmopachria wolfei Miller, 2021 [blue label with black line border]” and different barcode labels (see Table 1); 14 in SEMC labeled, “VENEZUELA: Bolivar State 4°49.944'N, 61°3.813'W, 890m ca. 25 km S. San Francisco 3.viii.2008; A.Short & M. García AS-08-069; large marsh/...”

Suriname, Sipaliwini District, Camp 2 on Sipaliwini River, large forest stream, 2°10.937'N 56°47.235°W.

This species is dorsally iridescent. The punctation on the pronotum is very fine and sparse. The punctation on the elytron is dual, with some large and some small and interspersed among the larger ones. The male genitalia are distinctive with the median lobe elongate, slender and distinctly angulate medially with the apex rounded and with a distinct subapical lobe on the ventral margin (Fig. 51). The lateral lobe is broad medially with the apex lobate and narrowly rounded with a small, dense series of setae (Fig. 53).

Measurements. TL = 2.0–2.2 mm, GW = 1.5–1.6 mm, PW = 1.1–1.2 mm, HW = 0.4–0.5 mm, EW = 0.4 mm, TL/GW = 1.4–1.5, HW/EW = 1.8–2.0. Body very broad, laterally rounded, lateral margins slightly discontinuous between pronotum and elytron; dorsoventrally compressed.

Coloration. Head and pronotum evenly orange, slightly iridescent. Elytron evenly brownish orange, iridescent. Ventral surface of head, prosternum, head appendages, and pro- and mesolegs yellow, other ventral surfaces and metalegs darker orange, lateral portion of metacoxa iridescent.

Sculpture and structure. Head broad, short; anterior margin of clypeus finely margined with continuous flattened narrow bead; surface of head shiny, punctation extremely fine, evenly distributed; eyes large (HW/EW = 1.8–2.0); antennae short, scape and pedicel relatively large and rounded, flagellomere III long and slender, apically expanded, antennomeres IV-X short and broad, antennomere XI elongate, apically pointed. Pronotum short, lateral margins short, broadly curved with continuous narrow bead; surface shiny, punctation fine, slightly irregular in size, few larger punctures; posterior margin sinuate. Elytron broad, laterally broadly curved; surface shiny, conspicuously punctate, punctures dual with fine and large interspersed. Prosternum extremely short, longitudinally compressed, medially slightly carinate; prosternal process in male very slender anteriorly, with low, indistinct medial tubercle, bifid apically with deep medial pit, in female slender anteriorly, with distinctive, small medial tubercle, apically short and broad, medially slightly carinate, apically acutely pointed. Metaventrite broad and evenly smoothly convex medially, surface shiny, impunctate; metaventrite wings extremely slender. Metacoxa with medial portion short, < 1/3 length of metaventrite medially, metacoxal lines sinuate, strongly divergent anteriorly; lateral portion of metacoxa extremely large, anteriorly strongly expanded; surface shiny, impunctate. Metatrochanter very large, subequal to length of ventral margin of metafemur; legs otherwise not noticeably modified. Abdomen with surfaces shiny and smooth, very finely and sparsely punctate.

Figures 51–71. 

Desmopachria species. (51–53) Desmopachria angulata 51 median lobe, right lateral aspect 52 median lobe, ventral aspect 53 right lateral lobe, right lateral aspect (54–56) Desmopachria emarginata 54 median lobe, right lateral aspect 55 median lobe, ventral aspect 56 right lateral lobe, right lateral aspect (57–59) Desmopachria imparis 57 median lobe, right lateral aspect 58 median lobe, ventral aspect 59 right lateral lobe, right lateral aspect (60–62) Desmopachria impunctata 60 median lobe, right lateral aspect 61 median lobe, ventral aspect 62 right lateral lobe, right lateral aspect (63–65) Desmopachria truncata 63 median lobe, right lateral aspect 64 median lobe, ventral aspect 65 right lateral lobe, right lateral aspect (66–68) Desmopachria bisulcata 66 median lobe, right lateral aspect 67 median lobe, ventral aspect 68 right lateral lobe, right lateral aspect (69–71) Desmopachria irregulara 69 median lobe, right lateral aspect 70 median lobe, ventral aspect 71 right lateral lobe, right lateral aspect.

Male genitalia. Male median lobe in lateral aspect with basal portion broad and rounded, apically long and slender, medially conspicuously bent, with distinctive subapical lobe on ventral surface (Fig. 51); in ventral aspect elongate, slender, lateral margins sinuate, subapically broadly and roundly expanded, apex broadly pointed (Fig. 52). Lateral lobe broad, ventrally broadly rounded, apically lobate with subapical lobe on lateral surface, apices of lobes with dense fringe of setae (Fig. 53).

Sexual dimorphism. Male pro- and mesotarsomeres I-III slightly more broadly expanded and with ventral adhesive setae. Male and female prosternal processes different as in all Desmopachria portmanni group species.

Variation. Some specimens have the dorsal punctation more or less dense than described above. Also, coloration varies in intensity, though the head and pronotum are always paler than the elytra.

This species is named angulata, Latin for angled, for the strongly angulate male median lobe in lateral aspect (Fig. 51).

This species is known from Region 6, Guyana and Sipaliwini District, Suriname (Fig. 79).

Holotype in NZCS, male labeled, “SURINAME: Sipaliwini District 2°10.973'N, 56°47.235'W, 210m Camp 2, on Sipaliwini River; Short & Kadosoe; large forest stream 28–29.viii.2010; SR10-0828-02A 2010 CI-RAP Survey/ SEMC0913662 KUNHM-ENT [barcode label]/ HOLOTYPE Desmopachria angulata Miller, 2021 [red label with black line border].” Paratypes, 144 total in NZCS and SEMC (from Suriname), CSBD and SEMC (from Guyana), and MSBA (various), each with different barcode labels (Table 1) and “…PARATYPE Desmopachria angulata Miller, 2021 [blue label with black line border]; 17 labeled same as holotype; 7 labeled, “GUYANA: Region 6 4°09.241'N,58°10.627'W, 109 m Upper Berbice, Basecamp 1 puddles along road leg. Short, Salisbury, La Cruz 24.ix.2014; GY14-0924-02A/…”; 1 labeled same, except, “…4°09.143'N, 58°11.207'W, 105 m…margins of creek…22.iv.2014; GY1-0921-03H/…”; 1 labeled same, except, “…4°09.289'N, 58°11.717'W, 96 m…side pools of creek…21.iv.2014; GY1-0921-01B/…”; 1 labeled same, except, “…4°09.126'N, 58°12.274'W, 73 m…3km W. of Basecamp 1; pooled up creek……[no date]; GY1-0923-01A/…”; 2 labeled, “GUYANA: Region 6 4°09.136'N, 58°11.365'W, 106 m Upper Berbice, ca 1.1km W of Basecamp 1; stream detrital pools leg. Short, Salisbury, La Cruz 23.ix.2014; GY14-0923-02A/…”; 4 labeled, “GUYANA: Region 6 4°09.143'N, 58°11.207'W, 105 m Upper Berbice, c. 1km W of Basecamp 1; small sandy stream leg. Short, Salisbury, La Cruz 21.ix.2014; GY14-0921-03A/…”; 2 labeled same, except, “…side pools of creek…22.ix.2014; GY14-0921-03G/…”; 11 labeled, “SURINAME: Sipaliwini District 2°21.776'N, 56°41.861'W, 237 m Camp 3, Wehepai leg. Short & Kadosoe; pooled up detrital creek 3.ix.2010; SR10-0903-01A 2010 CI-RAP Survey/…”; 1 labeled same, except, “…sandy forest creek 4-6.ix.2010; SR10-0904-01A/…”; 4 labeled, “SURINAME: Sipaliwini District 2°10.973'N, 56°47.235'W, 210 m Camp 2, on Silpaliwini [sic] River; Short & Kadosoe; small detrital stream 28.viii.2010; SR10-0828-03A 2010 CI-RAP Survey/…”; 6 labeled same, except, “…Sipaliwini…inselberg…29-30.viii.2010; SR10-0829-01A…”; 7 labeled same, except, “…sandy forest creek w/detritus; SR10-0831-01B 31.viii.2010…”; 5 labeled same, except, “…forest creek 31.viii.2010; SR10-0831-01A…”; 9 labeled, “SURINAME: Sipaliwini District N 2.47700°N, 55.62941°W, 275 m Camp 1, Upper Palumeu leg. A Short; Flight Intercept Trap 10-16.iii.2012; SR12-0310-TN1 2012 CI-RAP Survey/…”; 1 labeled same, except, “… Upper Palumeu River…large detrital pools 10-12.iii.2012; SR12-0310-01A…”; 58 labeled, “SURINAME: Sipaliwini District 2°10.521'N, 56°7.244'W, 228 m on Kutari River; leg. Short & Kadosoe; forested swamp 19.viii.2010; SR10-0819-01A Camp 1; 2010 CI-RAP Survey/…”; 1 labeled same, except, “…forest stream…SR10-0819-02A…”; 5 labeled, “SURINAME S2005-13 03May2005. Palumeu off Tapanahoni R. just upstream fr S2005-10 N03.36951 W055.43654 Wolfe-Hiwat-class.”

Suriname, Sipaliwini District, Tafelberg Summit, near Augustus Creek Camp, pond on trail into Arrowhead Basin, 3°55.600'N, 56°11.300'W.

This species includes some of the largest specimens in the group (TL = 2.0–2.2 mm). The elytra are more distinctly punctate than most species with distinctive dual punctation. Also, the elytra are very noticeably iridescent in most specimens, but a series from Raleighfallen Nature Preserve, Sipaliwini District, Suriname (NZCS) are less conspicuously iridescent. These specimens are similar in size, punctation and male genitalia, however. The male genitalia are most similar to Desmopachria impunctata, but the apical emargination in the median lobe is relatively deeper and in lateral aspect the apex is not distinctly hooked ventrad (Figs 54, 55 vs. Figs 60, 61). Also, Desmopachria emarginata are larger (TL = 2.0–2.2 mm) than Desmopachria impunctata (TL = 1.8–1.9 mm).

Measurements. TL = 2.0–2.2 mm, GW = 1.4–1.5 mm, PW = 1.1–1.2 mm, HW = 0.7–0.8 mm, EW = 0.4–0.5 mm, TL/GW = 1.4–1.5, HW/EW = 1.8–1.9. Body very broadly oval, laterally broadly curved, lateral margins nearly continuous between pronotum and elytron.

Coloration. Head orange. Pronotum pale orange, in a majority of specimens paler in color than head or elytron. Elytron evenly brownish orange, strongly iridescent. Ventral surface of head, prosternum, head appendages, and pro- and mesolegs pale orange, other ventral surfaces and metalegs orange.

Sculpture and structure. Head broad, short; anterior margin of clypeus broadly curved, flattened, finely margined with conspicuous, continuous narrow bead, particularly evident medially; surface of head shiny, extremely finely and sparsely punctate; eyes large (HW/EW = 1.8–1.9); antennae short, scape and pedicel relatively large and rounded, flagellomere III long and slender, apically expanded, antennomeres IV-X short and broad, antennomere XI elongate, apically pointed. Pronotum short, lateral margins short, slightly curved with continuous marginal bead; surface shiny, impunctate medially, but laterally and posteriorly with fine punctation. Elytron broad, laterally broadly curved and rounded; surface shiny, prominently punctate, punctures dual, some larger, some smaller, interspersed. Prosternum extremely short, longitudinally compressed, medially carinate; prosternal process in male very slender anteriorly, with low, indistinct medial tubercle, bifid apically with deep medial pit, in female slender anteriorly, with distinctive, small medial tubercle, apically short and broad, medially slightly carinate, apically acutely pointed. Metaventrite broad and evenly smoothly convex medially, surface shiny, impunctate or with few extremely minute punctures laterally; metaventrite wings extremely slender. Metacoxa with medial portion short, ~ 1/3 length of metaventrite medially, metacoxal lines slightly sinuate, divergent anteriorly; lateral portion of metacoxa extremely large, anteriorly strongly expanded; surface shiny, impunctate or with few extremely fine punctures. Metatrochanter very large, subequal to length of ventral margin of metafemur; legs otherwise not noticeably modified. Abdomen with surfaces shiny and smooth, impunctate, some specimens with few very fine punctures.

Male genitalia. Male median bilaterally symmetrical, in lateral aspect elongate, evenly broad, evenly and broadly curved on both dorsal and ventral margins, apex linear and apically broadly rounded (Fig. 54); in ventral aspect broad basally, apically broad, lateral margins irregularly sublinear, apex broad, medially deeply emarginate, emargination ~ 2/5 length, apical branches each apex with small process extending medially (Fig. 55). Lateral lobe very broad medially, ventral margin broadly rounded, apex narrowed to small lobe, with series of long setae apically and along apicodorsal margins (Fig. 56).

Sexual dimorphism. Male pro- and mesotarsomeres I-III slightly more broadly expanded and with ventral adhesive setae. Male and female prosternal processes different as in all Desmopachria portmanni group species.

Variation. Specimens vary in intensity of coloration and degree of difference between head, pronotum and elytron, but not strongly so.

This species is named emarginata, Latin for the apical emargination in the male median lobe.

This species is known from localities in Guyana, Suriname, and Venezuela (Fig. 80).

Holotype in NZCS, male labeled, “SURINAME: Sipaliwini District 3°55.600'N, 56°11.300'W, 600m CSNR: Tafelberg Summit, nr Augustus Creek Camp, pond on trail into Arrowhead basin leg. Short & Bloom; 16.viii.2013 SR13-0816-02A/ SEMC0930719 KUNHM-ENT [barcode label]/ HOLOTYPE Desmopachria emarginata Miller, 2021 [red label with black line border].” Paratypes, 153 specimens in CSBD, MIZA, MSBA NCZS, and SEMC each with paratype label, “…/ PARATYPE Desmopachria emarginata Miller, 2021 [blue label with black line border]” and different barcode labels (Table 1); 43 labeled same as holotype; 2 in SEMC labeled, “GUYANA: Region IX 2°09.557'N, 59°17.569'W, 268m along road to Parabara forest pools near Mushai Wao leg. Short, Isaacs, Salisbury 1.xi.2013; GY13-1101-02A/…”; 3 in SEMC labeled, “GUYANA: Region IX 2°47.417'N, 59°53.986'W, 113m Kusad Mts., Taraara Wao creek margin & isolated side pools leg. Short, Isaacs, Salisbury 28.x.2013; GY13-1028-01A/…”; 2 in SEMC labeled, “GUYANA: Region IX 2°06.311'N, 59°14.072'W, 267m Parabara, N. side of river small detrital pool in forest leg. A.E.Z. Short; 2.xi.2013 GY13-1103-01A/…”; 3 in SEMC labeled, “GUYANA: Region 6 4°45.301'N, 58°00.404'W, 49 m Upper Berbice Basecamp 2 shallow detrital pool in forest draining into creek; leg. Short, Salisbury, La Cruz; 26.ix.2014 GY14-0926-01A/…”; 9 in SEMC labeled, “GUYANA: Region XIII [sic] 4.988650°N, 59.57890°W, 427 m Chenapau Village, trail between airstrip & town; large pool with lots of detritus; leg. A. Short 14.iii.2014; GY14-0314-03A/…”; 33 in CSBD and SEMC labeled, “GUYANA: Region XIII [sic] 5°10.514'N, 59°28.970'W, 440 m Kaieteur Nat’l Park, trail by guest house; small forest stream leg. A. Short; 15.iii.2014 GY14-0315-03A/…”; 7 in SEMC labeled, “GUYANA: Region XIII [sic]4.98650°N, 59.57890°W, 427 m Chenapau village, between airstrip & town, small pools along trail leg. Short & Baca; 10.iii.2014 GY14-0310-01A/…”; 4 in SEMC labeled, “SURINAME: Sipaliwini District 3°47.479'N, 56°08.968'W, 320m CSNR: near Kappel airstrip forested stream & stream pools leg. Short & Bloom; 24.viii.2013 SR13-0824-03A/…”; 15 in NZCS and SEMC labeled, “SURINAME: Sipaliwini District 3°53.942'N, 56°10.849'W, 733m CSNR: Tafelberg Summit, nr. Caiman Crk Camp; dipnetting by stream margins: leg. Bloom 20.viii.2013, SR13-0820-02A/…”; 1 in SEMC labeled, “SURINAME: Sipaliwini District 2°10.973'N, 56°47.235'W, 210 m Camp 2, on Silpaliwini [sic] River; Short & Kadosoe; small detrital stream 28.viii.2010; SR10-0828-03A 2010 CI-RAP Survey/…”; 20 in NZCS labeled, “SURINAME: Sipaliwini District 3°55.600'N, 56°11.300'W, 600m CSNR: Tafelberg Summit, nr Augustus Creek Camp, pond on trail into Arrowhead basin leg. Short & Bloom; 16.viii.2013 SR13-0816-02A/…”; 7 in SEMC labeled, “SURINAME: Sipaliwini District 04°40.910'N, 56°11.138'W, 78 m Raleighfallen Nature Reserve Voltzberg trail; Margin of stream leg. C. Maier, V. Kadosoe 30.vii.2012; SR12-0730-01A/…”; 3 in MIZA and SEMC labeled, “VENEZUELA: Bolívar State 4°28.233'N, 61°35.559'W, 867 m Gran Sabna, Pauji: Esmeraldes 16.vii.2010;leg. Short, Tellez, Arias detrital pools by forested stream VZ10-0716-02A/…”; 1 in SEMC labeled, “VENEZUELA: Bolívar State 5°50'49.2"N, 61°28'2.4"W, 1340 m Rio Aponwao @ Hwy 10 31.vii.2008; leg. A.Short, M. García AS-08-060a; small vegetated pool/…”.

Guyana, Region IX, Parabara, trail to mines, 2°05.095'N, 59°14.174'W.

This species is unique because of the asymmetrical shape of the male median lobe. In ventral aspect the median lobe is distinctly asymmetrical, though not strongly so (Fig. 58). However, this is the only known species of the Desmopachria portmanni group with an asymmetrical male median lobe. Punctation on the elytron is dual with some small punctures interspersed among numerous larger punctures. The elytral surface is otherwise shiny with some opalescent iridescence evident. Externally, among northern South American species this one is similar to Desmopachria lineata sp. nov., but that species has distinctive linear series of punctures on the elytra and a differently shaped male median lobe (Figs 3, 4).

Measurements. TL = 2.1–2.2 mm, GW = 1.5–1.6 mm, PW = 1.1–1.2 mm, HW = 0.7–0.8 mm, EW = 0.4 mm, TL/GW = 1.4, HW/EW = 1.8–1.9. Body broadly oval, laterally broadly curved, lateral margins approximately continuous between pronotum and elytron.

Coloration. Head and pronotum evenly yellow. Elytron evenly brownish orange, iridescent, especially apically. Ventral surface of head, prosternum, head appendages, and pro- and mesolegs yellow, other ventral surfaces and metalegs darker orange.

Sculpture and structure. Head broad, short; anterior margin of clypeus broadly curved, flattened, margined with conspicuous, continuous flattened narrow bead; surface of head shiny, extremely finely and sparsely punctate; eyes large (HW/EW = 1.8–1.9); antennae short, scape and pedicel relatively large and rounded, flagellomere III long and slender, apically expanded, antennomeres IV-X short and broad, antennomere XI elongate, apically pointed. Pronotum short, lateral margins short, slightly curved with continuous narrow bead; surface shiny, extremely finely and sparsely punctate, posterior margin sinuate. Elytron broad, laterally broadly curved and rounded; surface shiny, punctate, punctures dual, mostly larger, interspersed with smaller ones. Prosternum extremely short, longitudinally compressed, medially carinate; prosternal process in male very slender anteriorly, with low, indistinct medial tubercle, bifid apically with deep medial pit, in female slender anteriorly, with distinctive, small medial tubercle, apically short and broad, medially slightly carinate, apically acutely pointed. Metaventrite broad and evenly smoothly convex medially, surface shiny, impunctate medially, shallowly and minutely punctate laterally and posteromedially; metaventrite wings extremely slender. Metacoxa with medial portion short, < 1/3 length of metaventrite medially, metacoxal lines slightly sinuate, divergent anteriorly; lateral portion of metacoxa extremely large, anteriorly strongly expanded; surface irrorate, somewhat opalescent. Metatrochanter very large, subequal to length of ventral margin of metafemur; legs otherwise not noticeably modified. Abdomen with surfaces shiny and smooth, somewhat opalescent, very finely and sparsely punctate.

Male genitalia. Male median lobe slightly but distinctly asymmetrical; in lateral aspect long, evenly broad, evenly and broadly curved on both dorsal and ventral margins, apex narrowly rounded (Fig. 57); in ventral aspect asymmetry evident, moderately broad basally, apically narrowed to narrowly rounded apex, lateral margins irregularly sublinear on each side, but different in shape on each side, medial groove directed primarily to right of central line (Fig. 58). Lateral lobe broad basally, abruptly narrowed and slender for most of apical length, apex slightly broadened and broadly rounded, with dense long series of setae along dorsal margin medially and with field of short setae mediolaterally, apex with series of short setae (Fig. 59).

Sexual dimorphism. Male pro- and mesotarsomeres I-III slightly more broadly expanded and with ventral adhesive setae. Male and female prosternal processes different as in all Desmopachria portmanni group species.

Variation. No significant variation was discovered among the few specimens examined.

This species is named imparis, Latin for uneven, referring to the asymmetrical male median lobe.

This species is known from one locality in Region IX, Guyana (Fig. 79).

Holotype in CSBD, male labeled, “GUYANA: Region IX 2°05.095'N, 59°14.174'W, 250m Parabara, Trail to mines detrital pools in forest leg. Short, Isaacs, Salisbury 2.xi.2013; GY13-1102-01A/ SEMC1271236 KUNHM-ENT [barcode label]/ HOLOTYPE Desmopachria imparis Miller, 2021 [red label with black line border].” Paratypes, 3 in SEMC (1 male, 2 females) labeled same as holotype except with different specimen barcode labels [SEMC1271235, SEMC1271237, SEMC1271238] and each with “…PARATYPE Desmopachria imparis Miller, 2021 [blue label with black line border].”

Suriname, Sipaliwini District, Raleighfallen Nature Reserve, Voltzberg Trail, 04°40.910'N, 56°11.138'W.

This species includes medium-sized Desmopachria specimens in this group (TL = 1.8–1.9 mm). The elytra are more finely and indistinctly punctate than many species and punctures are of only a single, fine size. Also, the elytra are only slightly iridescent. The male genitalia are most similar to Desmopachria emarginata (Figs 54–56), but the apical emargination in the median lobe in Desmopachria impunctata is relatively shallower and in lateral aspect the apex is distinctly hooked ventrad (Figs 60, 61). Also, specimens of Desmopachria impunctata are smaller (TL = 1.8–1.9 mm) than Desmopachria emarginata (TL = 2.0–2.2 mm).

Measurements. TL = 1.8–1.9 mm, GW = 1.2–1.3 mm, PW = 1.0–1.1 mm, HW = 0.6–0.7 mm, EW = 0.4–0.5 mm, TL/GW = 1.5–1.6, HW/EW = 1.7–1.8. Body very broadly oval, laterally broadly curved, lateral margins slightly discontinuous between pronotum and elytron.

Coloration. Head orange to orange yellow. Pronotum evenly yellow, in most specimens paler in color than head or elytron. Elytron evenly brownish orange, iridescent, especially laterally and apically. Ventral surface of head, prosternum, head appendages, and pro- and mesolegs yellow, other ventral surfaces and metalegs orange.

Sculpture and structure. Head broad, short; anterior margin of clypeus broadly curved, flattened, finely margined with conspicuous, continuous narrow bead; surface of head shiny, extremely finely and sparsely punctate; eyes moderately large (HW/EW = 1.7–1.8); antennae short, scape and pedicel relatively large and rounded, flagellomere III long and slender, apically expanded, antennomeres IV-X short and broad, antennomere XI elongate, apically pointed. Pronotum short, lateral margins short, slightly curved with continuous marginal bead; surface shiny, extremely finely and sparsely punctate, posterior margin sinuate. Elytron broad, laterally broadly curved and rounded; surface shiny, extremely minutely punctate, punctures of even size, somewhat denser along elytral suture. Prosternum extremely short, longitudinally compressed, medially carinate; prosternal process in male very slender anteriorly, with low, indistinct medial tubercle, bifid apically with deep medial pit, in female slender anteriorly, with distinctive, small medial tubercle, apically short and broad, medially slightly carinate, apically acutely pointed. Metaventrite broad and evenly smoothly convex medially, surface shiny, impunctate medially, shallowly and minutely punctate laterally and posteromedially; metaventrite wings extremely slender. Metacoxa with medial portion short, < 1/2 length of metaventrite medially, metacoxal lines slightly sinuate, divergent anteriorly; lateral portion of metacoxa extremely large, anteriorly strongly expanded; surface shiny, very finely punctate. Metatrochanter very large, subequal to length of ventral margin of metafemur; legs otherwise not noticeably modified. Abdomen with surfaces shiny and smooth, very finely and sparsely punctate.

Male genitalia. Male median bilaterally symmetrical, in lateral aspect elongate, evenly broad, evenly and broadly curved on both dorsal and ventral margins, apex slightly curved ventrad, pointed (Fig. 60); in ventral aspect moderately broad basally, apically expanded, lateral margins broadly rounded, apex broad, medially moderately deeply emarginate, apical branches each apically broadly triangular (Fig. 61). Lateral lobe very broad medially, irregularly and broadly narrowed to pointed apex, with series of long setae along apicodorsal margin (Fig. 62).

Sexual dimorphism. Male pro- and mesotarsomeres I-III slightly more broadly expanded and with ventral adhesive setae. Male and female prosternal processes different as in all Desmopachria portmanni group species.

Variation. There is variation in intensity and degree of coloration across specimens. Some specimens are more evenly colored, some have greater disparity between the pale color of the pronotum and the head and elytron. Other specific variation was not detected.

This species is named impunctata, Latin for not punctate, for the relatively less punctate dorsal surface than in many species in the group.

This species is known from localities in Sipaliwini District, Suriname and Bolívar State, Venezuela (Fig. 79).

Holotype in NZCS, male labeled, “SURINAME: Sipaliwini District 04°40.910'N, 56°11.138'W, 78 m Raleighfallen [sic] Nature Reserve Voltzberg trail; detrital pools along stream; leg. A. Short, C. McIntosh 30.vii.2012; SR12-0730-01B/ SEMC1113574 KUNHM-ENT [barcode label]/ HOLOTYPE Desmopachria impunctata Miller, 2021 [red label with black line border].” Paratypes, 232 specimens in MIZA, MSBA NCZS, and SEMC each with paratype label, “…/ PARATYPE Desmopachria impunctata Miller, 2021 [blue label with black line border]” and different barcode labels (Table 1); 23 labeled same as holotype; 24 in NZCS and SEMC labeled, “SURINAME: Sipaliwini District 3°53.942'N, 56°10.849'W, 733m CSNR: Tafelberg Summit, nr Caiman Creek Camp, pools in forest; leg. Short & Bloom 19.viii.2013; SR13-0819-05B/…”; 15 in SEMC labeled, “SURINAME: Sipaliwini District 3°53.942'N, 56°10.849'W, 733m CSNR: Tafelberg Summit, nr Caiman Creek Camp, forest detrital pools; leg. Short & Bloom 19.viii.2013; SR13-0819-05C/…”; 11 in SEMC labeled, “SURINAME: Sipaliwini District 3°53.942'N, 56°10.849'W, 733m CSNR: Tafelberg Summit, nr Caiman Creek Camp, small streams with lots of plants & leaf litter; leg. Short & Bloom 18.viii.2013; SR13-0818-03A/…”; 1 in SEMC labeled, “SURINAME: Sipaliwini District 3°53.359'N, 56°10.052'W, 879m CSNR: Tafelberg Summit, near South Rim, pool in rock leg. Short & Bloom; 20.viii.2013 SR13-0820-01C/…”; 5 in SEMC labeled, “SURINAME: Sipaliwini District 04°40.910'N, 56°11.138'W, 78 m Raleighfallen [sic] Nature Reserve Voltzberg trail; margin of stream leg. C. Maier, V. Kadosoe 30.vii.2012; sr12-0730-01A/…”; 69 in NZCA and SEMC labeled, “SURINAME: Sipaliwini District 3°53.942'N, 56°10.849'W, 733m CSNR: Tafelberg Summit, nr. Caiman Crk. Camp; dipnetting by stream margins; leg. Bloom 20.viii.2013, SR13-0820-02A/…”; 3 in SEMC labeled, “SURINAME: Sipaliwini District 3°53.942'N, 56°10.849'W, 733m CSNR: Tafelberg Summit, near Caiman Creek Camp, forest detrital pools; leg. Short & Bloom 19.viii.2013; SR13-0819-05C/…”; 69 in SEMC labeled, “SURINAME: Sipaliwini District 3°53.942'N, 56°10.849'W, 733m CSNR: Tafelberg Summit, nr Caiman Creek Camp, pools in forest; leg. Short & Bloom 19.viii.2013; SR13-0819-05B/…”; 3 in SEMC labeled, “SURINAME: Sipaliwini District 3°53.942'N, 56°10.849'W, 733m CSNR: Tafelberg Summit, near Caiman Creek Camp, pooled up detrital forest stream leg. Short & Bloom; 19.viii.2013 SR13-0819-05A/…”; 4 in SEMC labeled, “SURINAME: Sipaliwini District 3°55.600'N, 56°11.300'W, 600m CSNR: Tafelberg Summit, nr Augustus Creek Camp, pond on trail into Arrowhead basin leg. Short & Bloom; 16.viii.2013 SR13-0816-02A/…”; 1 in SEMC labeled, “SURINAME: Sipaliwini District 3°55.600'N, 56°11.300'W, 600m CSNR: Tafelberg Summit, nr Augustus Creek Camp, pools & creeks on trail into Arrowhead basin; leg. Short & Bloom 17.viii.2013; SR13-0817-01A/…”; 3 in SEMC labeled, “SURINAME: Sipaliwini District 3°53.942'N, 56°10.849'W, 733m CSNR: Tafelberg Summit, near Caiman Creek Camp, stream margins: legs. Short & Bloom 18.viii.2013; SR13-0818-01A/…”; 1 in MIZA labeled, “VENEZUELA: Bolívar State 6°35.617'N, 66°49.238'W, 80m Los Pijiguaos: outcrop/morichal 12.i.2009; leg Miller & Short VZ09-0112-01C: detrial [sic] pools/…”

Suriname, Sipaliwini District, Camp 4, Kasikasima, stream on trail to METS camp, 200m, 2.97731°N 55.38500°W.

This species is characterized by the male median lobe slender, apically distinctly expanded with the apex broadly truncate and the lateral lobe longer than the median lobe (Figs 64, 65). The dorsal punctation on the head, pronotum and elytra is very fine and sparse. The elytra are iridescent. The genitalia are somewhat similar to Desmopachria mutata Sharp, but that species has the median lobe very slender, not as broadly expanded apically, and apically rounded, not truncate (Young 1995: fig. 2). That species also occurs in Mexico, not northern South America (Young 1995). Desmopachria truncata is otherwise not similar to other species in the Desmopachria portmanni-aldessa subgroup.

Measurements. TL = 2.0–2.1 mm, GW = 1.3–1.4 mm, PW = 1.0–1.1 mm, HW = 0.6–0.7 mm, EW = 0.3–0.4 mm, TL/GW = 1.4–1.5, HW/EW =1.8–2.2. Body very broad, laterally rounded, lateral margins continuous between pronotum and elytron; dorsoventrally compressed.

Coloration. Head and pronotum evenly dark orange, head slightly iridescent dorsally. Elytron evenly dark orange, iridescent, especially apically. Ventral surface of head, prosternum, head appendages, and pro- and mesolegs yellow, other ventral surfaces and metalegs darker orange, lateral portion of metacoxa and abdominal ventrites somewhat iridescent.

Sculpture and structure. Head broad, short; anterior margin of clypeus finely margined with continuous flattened narrow bead; surface of head shiny, punctation extremely fine, sparse but evenly distributed; eyes moderately large (HW/EW = 1.8–22); antennae short, scape and pedicel relatively large and rounded, flagellomere III long and slender, apically expanded, antennomeres IV-X short and broad, antennomere XI elongate, apically pointed. Pronotum short, lateral margins short, broadly curved with continuous narrow bead; surface shiny, punctation very fine, irregular, sparse; posterior margin sinuate. Elytron broad, laterally broadly curved; surface shiny, punctate, punctures dual, fine and large interspersed, without linear series. Prosternum extremely short, longitudinally compressed, medially slightly carinate; prosternal process in male very slender anteriorly, with low, indistinct medial tubercle, bifid apically with deep medial pit, in female slender anteriorly, with distinctive, small medial tubercle, apically short and broad, medially slightly carinate, apically acutely pointed. Metaventrite broad and evenly smoothly convex medially, surface shiny, impunctate; metaventrite wings extremely slender. Metacoxa with medial portion short, < 1/3 length of metaventrite medially, metacoxal lines sinuate, divergent anteriorly; lateral portion of metacoxa extremely large, anteriorly strongly expanded; surface shiny, impunctate. Metatrochanter very large, subequal to length of ventral margin of metafemur; legs otherwise not noticeably modified. Abdomen with surfaces shiny and smooth, very finely and sparsely punctate.

Male genitalia. Male median lobe in lateral aspect elongate, evenly curved, apically narrowly rounded (Fig. 63; in ventral aspect elongate, evenly constricted medially, expanded apically to abruptly broadly truncate apex (Fig. 64). Lateral lobe extending distinctly beyond apex of median lobe, moderately broad, apically rounded with dense margin of long setae apically and along apicodorsal margin (Fig. 65).

Sexual dimorphism. Male pro- and mesotarsomeres I-III slightly more broadly expanded and with ventral adhesive setae. Male and female prosternal processes different as in all Desmopachria portmanni group species.

Variation. The single specimen from “Upper Palumeu” has the male median lobe slightly longer and more slender with the lateral lobes apically a little more rounded. This does not seem to represent a significant difference however, and the specimen is from the same general area as the holotype. The series from Guyana similarly has some shape variation in the lateral and median lobes, but again, it does not seem to suggest species-level differences. However, additional specimens could help clarify the limits in these populations. A couple specimens are paler tan in color, but this could be because they are teneral.

This species is named truncata, Latin for the characteristic apically truncate male median lobe in this species.

This species is known from Sipaliwini District, Suriname and Region VIII, Guyana (Fig. 81).

Holotype in NZCS, male labeled, “SURINAME: Sipaliwini District 2.97731°N, 55.38500°W 200 m Camp 4 (low, Kasikasima; sandy stream on trail to METS camp 20.iii.2012; SR12-0320-02A leg. A. Short; 2012 CI-RAP Survey/ SEMC1087011 KUNHM-ENT [barcode label]/ HOLOTYPE Desmopachria truncata Miller, 2021 [red label with black line border].” Paratypes, 17; 14 in NZCS and SEMC labeled same as holotype except each with different barcode labels (Table 1); 1 in SEMC labeled, “SURINAME: Sipaliwini District N 2.47700', W 55.62941', 275 m Camp 1, Upper Palumeu leg. A. Short; Flight Intercept Trap 10-16.iii.2012; SR12-0310-TN1 2012 CI-RAP Survey/ SEMC1089093 KUNHM-ENT; 2 in CBDG and SEMC labeled, “GUYANA: Region XIII [sic] 5°10.514'N, 59°28.970'W, 440 m Kaiteur Nat’l Park, trail by guest house; small forest stream leg. A. Short; 15.iii.2014 GY14-0315-03A/ SEMC1328988 KUNHM-ENT [barcode label]” and “…SEMC1328993 KUNHM-ENT].” All paratypes also with “…PARATYPE Desmopachria truncata Miller, 2021 [blue label with black line border].”

Suriname, Sipaliwini District, Camp 3, Werehpai, SE Kwamala, 2°22.259'N 56°41.227'W, 229m.

This species has a relatively simple median lobe that is slender, elongate, and curved in lateral aspect, and broad basally and apically evenly narrowed to a narrowly rounded apex in ventral aspect (Figs 66, 67). The lateral lobe is small and slender in lateral aspect, and much shorter than the median lobe (Fig. 68). The dorsal sculpture is shiny and with dual punctation in most specimens. No specimens of Desmopachria bisulcata display iridescence. In some specimens of both males and females the dorsum is matte, with a microreticulation that obscures the punctation. Other species with similar male median lobe shapes are Desmopachria iridis and Desmopachria anastomosis, but specimens of each of these are dorsally iridescent, whereas those of Desmopachria bisulcata are not.

Measurements. TL = 2.0–2.1 mm, GW = 1.4–1.5 mm, PW = 1.0–1.1 mm, HW = 0.7–0.8 mm, EW = 0.4–0.5 mm, TL/GW = 1.4, HW/EW = 1.9–2.0. Body very broad, laterally rounded, lateral margins continuous between pronotum and elytron; dorsoventrally compressed.

Coloration. Head and pronotum evenly orange-red, same coloration. Elytron evenly brownish orange, not iridescent. Ventral surfaces evenly orange-red.

Sculpture and structure. Head broad, short; anterior margin of clypeus finely margined with continuous flattened narrow bead; surface of head shiny, but matte; eyes large (HW/EW = 1.9–2.0); antennae short, scape and pedicel relatively large and rounded, flagellomere III long and slender, apically expanded, antennomeres IV-X short and broad, antennomere XI elongate, apically pointed. Pronotum short, lateral margins short, broadly curved with continuous narrow bead; surface matte to shiny, but punctation very fine, of the same size and evenly distributed, posterior margin sinuate. Elytron broad, laterally broadly curved; surface matte or, less commonly, shiny; punctation very fine, of the same size and evenly distributed across most of elytron, when punctate, dual with a few minute, interspersed punctures laterally. Prosternum extremely short, longitudinally compressed, medially slightly carinate; prosternal process in male very slender anteriorly, with low, indistinct medial tubercle, bifid apically with deep medial pit, in female slender anteriorly, with distinctive, small medial tubercle, apically short and broad, medially slightly carinate, apically acutely pointed. Metaventrite broad and evenly smoothly convex medially, surface matte, finely and irregularly punctate laterally; metaventrite wings extremely slender. Metacoxa with medial portion short, < 1/3 length of metaventrite medially, metacoxal lines sinuate, divergent anteriorly; lateral portion of metacoxa extremely large, anteriorly strongly expanded; surface matte, finely, evenly punctate, not iridescent. Metatrochanter very large, subequal to length of ventral margin of metafemur; legs otherwise not noticeably modified. Abdomen with surfaces shiny and smooth, very finely and sparsely punctate.

Male genitalia. Male median lobe in lateral aspect slender, evenly curved on both ventral and dorsal margins to narrowly pointed apex (Fig. 66); in ventral aspect very broad basally, evenly narrowed to broadly rounded apex (Fig. 67). Lateral lobe small, slender, apically slender, and slightly hooked dorsally with dense margin of long setae (Fig. 68).

Sexual dimorphism. Male pro- and mesotarsomeres I-III slightly more broadly expanded and with ventral adhesive setae. Male and female prosternal processes different as in all Desmopachria portmanni group species. Males tend to be both shinier and more punctate than females with are matte and not punctate in the few specimens examined.

Variation. Some specimens are matte between punctures on elytra. This does not seem correlated with sex, males and females may both be either shiny or matte. Extent of punctation seems somewhat variable among the sexes.

This species is named bisulcata, Latin for the male forked prosternal process.

This species is known from one locality in Sipaliwini District, Suriname (Fig. 81).

Holotype in NZCS, male labeled, “SURINAME: Sipaliwini District 02°22.259'N, 56°41.227'W, 229m Camp 3; Werehpai, SE Kwamala detrital pools in dense forest 3-5.ix.2010;leg. Short & Kadosoe CI-rap Survey; SR10-0903-02A/ SEMC0912211 KUNHM-ENT [barcode label]/ HOLOTYPE Desmopachria bisulcata Miller, 2021 [red label with black line border].” Paratypes, 15 in NZCS, MSBA, and SEMC labeled same as holotype except with different specimen barcode labels (Table 1) and each with “…PARATYPE Desmopachria bisulcata Miller, 2021 [blue label with black line border].”

Venezuela, Zulia State, Perija National Park, Tukuko, Río Manantial, 9°50.490'N, 72°49.310'W.

This species is distinctive for the non-iridescent dorsal and ventral surfaces and the characteristic male median and lateral lobes. The median lobe has an extremely large lobe on the dorsal surface of the median lobe medially (Fig. 69). The lateral lobe is broad throughout with a short, dense series of setae along the apical and subapical dorsal margins and a cluster of elongate setae subapically on the ventral margin (Fig. 71). The elytral punctation is large with few minute punctures interspersed. The pronotal punctation is extremely fine except posteromedially where it is large and dense.

Measurements. TL = 2.1–2.2 mm, GW = 1.4–1.5 mm, PW = 1.1–1.2 mm, HW = 0.7–0.8 mm, EW = 0.4 mm, TL/GW = 1.4–1.5, HW/EW = 1.8–1.9. Body very broad, laterally rounded, lateral margins continuous between pronotum and elytron; dorsoventrally compressed.

Coloration. Head and pronotum evenly orange-red. Elytron evenly orange-red, similar to pronotum and head, not iridescent. Metaventrites, metacoxae and abdominal ventrites orange-red, other surfaces orange.

Sculpture and structure. Head broad, short; anterior margin of clypeus finely margined with continuous flattened narrow bead; surface of head shiny, impunctate medially, finely punctate posteriorly; eyes large (HW/EW = 1.8–1.9); antennae short, scape and pedicel relatively large and rounded, flagellomere III long and slender, apically expanded, antennomeres IV-X short and broad, antennomere XI elongate, apically pointed. Pronotum short, lateral margins short, shallowly curved with continuous narrow bead; surface shiny, punctation very fine and sparse over most of surface, punctation large and dense posteromedially, posterior margin sinuate. Elytron broad, laterally broadly curved; surface shiny, punctation dual, mostly large, relatively dense, with fewer fine punctures interspersed. Prosternum extremely short, longitudinally compressed, medially slightly carinate; prosternal process in male very slender anteriorly, with low, indistinct medial tubercle, bifid apically with deep medial pit, in female slender anteriorly, with distinctive, small medial tubercle, apically short and broad, medially slightly carinate, apically acutely pointed. Metaventrite broad and evenly smoothly convex medially, surface shiny, impunctate; metaventrite wings extremely slender. Metacoxa with medial portion short, < 1/3 length of metaventrite medially, metacoxal lines sinuate, divergent anteriorly; lateral portion of metacoxa extremely large, anteriorly strongly expanded; surface shiny, very finely punctate, not iridescent. Metatrochanter very large, subequal to length of ventral margin of metafemur; male metafemur curved ventrally with conspicuous series of short setae long entire margin. Abdomen with surfaces shiny and smooth, finely punctate.

Male genitalia. Male median lobe in lateral aspect irregular, ventral margin abruptly expanded submedially, evenly convexly curved in apical 2/5, ventral margin with large, apically subtruncate lobe medially, apex slight broadened, apex subtruncate (Fig. 69); in ventral aspect slender, lateral margins shallowly sinuate, apex deeply bifid, lateral rami apically broad, directed slightly mesad (Fig. 70). Lateral lobe very broad throughout length, slightly curved dorsad, apex broadly rounded, subapically on ventral surface with small cluster of elongate setae, apex and subapically on dorsal margin with dense series of short setae (Fig. 71).

Sexual dimorphism. Only males were examined, but male pro- and mesotarsomeres I-III appear to be slightly more broadly expanded and with ventral adhesive setae, and male prosternal process is different as in all Desmopachria portmanni group species.

Variation. There is little variation between the two male specimens examined.

This species is named irregulara, Latin for irregular, for the unusual shape of the male median lobe.

This species is known from one locality in Zulia State, Venezuela (Fig. 81).

Holotype in MIZA, male labeled, “VENEZUELA: Zulia State 9°50.490'N, 72°49.310'W, Perija, Nat. Park: Tukuko: Río Manatial 29.i.2009; Short, García, Camacho VZ09-0129-01B: detrital pool/ SM0845453 KUNHM-ENT [barcode label]/ HOLOTYPE Desmopachria irregulara Miller, 2021 [red label with black line border].” Paratypes, 1 in SEMC labeled same as holotype except with “…SM08454561… [barcode label]” and with “…PARATYPE Desmopachria irregulara Miller, 2021 [blue label with black line border].”

Venezuela, Zulia State, Perija National Park, Tukuko, Rio Manantial, 9°50.490'N, 72°49.310'W.

This species is similar to other species in the Desmopachria striola species group with “shouldered” median lobes (Miller and Wolfe 2019), but the male median lobe in this species is considerably broader than in other species (Fig. 74).

Measurements. TL = 1.7 mm, GW = 1.1 mm, PW = 0.8 mm, HW = 0.6 mm, EW = 0.3 mm, TL/GW = 1.5, HW/EW = 2.2. Body very broad, broadly rounded, laterally broadly curved, lateral margins continuous between pronotum and elytron, body broadest across elytra at midlength of body (Fig. 72).

Coloration. Dorsal surface of head and pronotum evenly yellow. Elytron pale orange-brown, narrowly darker along anterior and sutural margins. Head appendages, legs, and ventral surfaces orange-yellow.

Sculpture and structure. Head broad, anteriorly curved; anterior margin of clypeus curved, flattened, margined with conspicuous, continuous narrow bead; surface of head shiny, finely and sparsely punctate; eyes large (Fig. 72, HW/EW = 2.2); antennae short, scape and pedicel relatively large and rounded, flagellomere III long and slender, apically expanded, antennomeres IV-X short and broad, lobed at anterodorsal angle, antennomere XI elongate, apically pointed. Pronotum very short, lateral margins short, slightly curved with continuous narrow bead, slightly wider medially; surface shiny, impunctate medially, very finely and indistinctly punctate around margins. Elytron moderately broad, laterally broadly curved; surface shiny, extremely finely punctate across surface; with distinctive subsutural stria, or groove, extending most of length of elytron (Fig. 72). Prosternum extremely short, longitudinally compressed, medially slightly carinate; prosternal process slender anteriorly, with distinctive, small medial tubercle, apical blade short and broad, medially concave, apically broadly pointed. Metaventrite broad and evenly smoothly convex medially, surface shiny, impunctate; metaventrite wings extremely slender. Metacoxa with medial portion short, < 1/3 length of metaventrite medially, metacoxal lines divergent anteriorly, sinuate; lateral portion of metacoxa extremely large, anteriorly strongly expanded; surface shiny, impunctate. Metatrochanter large, subequal to length of ventral margin of metafemur; legs otherwise not noticeably modified. Abdomen with surfaces shiny and smooth, impunctate.

Figures 72–75. 

Desmopachria robusta. 72 habitus 73 lateral lobe, right lateral aspect 74 median lobe and right lateral lobe, ventral aspect 75 right lateral lobe, right lateral aspect. Scale bar: 1.0 mm.

Male genitalia. Male median lobe elongated in lateral aspect, robust, apical half broad, broadly and evenly curved dorsad to narrowly rounded apex (Fig. 73); in ventral aspect very broad, robust, lateral margins subparallel basally, with two distinct “shoulders” one medially, and one more distinct subapically, apically distinctly narrowed with medial rounded apex (Fig. 74). Lateral lobe in lateral aspect moderately throughout length, distinctly bent dorsad, apex slightly curved ventrad, rounded (Fig. 75); in ventral aspect evenly broad throughout length, medially distinctly bent mediad (Fig. 74).

Sexual dimorphism and variation. Only a male specimen was examined.

Figures 76, 77. 

Desmopachria species distributions. 76 ungrouped Desmopachria species 77 Desmopachria apicodente species group.

This species is named robusta, Latin for strong or robust, for the conspicuously broader male median lobe than that of other similar species in the genus.

This species is known from Zulia State, Venezuela (Fig. 81).

The type specimen was collected from a “detrital pool.”

Holotype in MIZA, male labeled, “VENEZUELA: Zulia State 9°50.490'N, 72°49.310'W, Perija Nat. Park: Tukuko: Rio Manantial 29.i.2009; Short, García, Camacho VZ09-0129-01B: detrial [sic] pool/ SM0844647 KUNHM-ENT [barcode label]/ HOLOTYPE Desmopachria robusta Miller, 2021 [red label with black line border].”

Figure 78. 

Desmopachria species distributions. Desmopachria bifurcita species group and Desmopachria convexa species group.