Research Article |
Corresponding author: Gonzalo D. Rubio ( gonzalodrubio@gmail.com ) Academic editor: Jeremy Miller
© 2016 Gonzalo D. Rubio, Julián E. Baigorria, G. B. Edwards.
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Citation:
Rubio GD, Baigorria JE, Edwards GB (2016) First description of the female of the jumping spider Balmaceda nigrosecta Mello-Leitão (Salticidae, Dendryphantini, Marpissina). ZooKeys 563: 11-9. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.563.6705
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The female of Balmaceda nigrosecta Mello-Leitão, 1945 is described and illustrated for the first time. In addition, this paper further illustrates the male, and provides the first known observations on the natural history of this species, including habitat, cohabitation, and prey capturedata.
Natural history, salticid, taxonomy
Jumping spiders (Salticidae) constitute a relatively young family, which has rapidly radiated (
In Prószyński’s database, accepted species status means that both sexes are adequately described and illustrated, while incomplete is due to the description and illustration of only one sex. A proposal for matching sexes was given by
The marpissine genus Balmaceda Peckham & Peckham, 1894 is exclusive to the Americas. It currently includes eight valid species (
In recent surveys of the salticid fauna from Misiones, in Northeastern Argentina (
Field observations of living specimens were made in Misiones Province, Northeastern Argentina. Specimens were collected on walls of brick houses in Iguazú National Park and peri-urban habitats of Puerto Iguazú. This area corresponds to the Upper Parana Atlantic Forest Eco-region (
Morphological terms and description formats follow the main recent works about marpissines (
Abbreviations used are updated, following
AG accessory gland
AT atrium
CD copulatory duct
CO copulatory opening
E embolus
FD fertilization duct
RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis
S spermatheca
SP spermophore
T tegulum
Balmaceda nigrosecta Mello-Leitão, 1945: 277.
Metacyrba nigrosecta,
Balmaceda nigrosecta,
Argentina: Misiones: 1 ♂ (holotype), Puerto Victoria, S26.33441°, W54.65540°, VI.1943, Zenzes leg. (
Specimens of B. nigrosecta resemble B. picta Peckham & Peckham, 1894 and B. reducta Chickering, 1946 in general body coloration (
Balmaceda nigrosecta Mello-Leitão. 1 Male palp, ventral view (inset with close-up of RTA in retrolateral view) 2 female, lateral habitus 3 same, dorsal habitus 4 epigyne, ventral view 5 same, cleared. (AG–accessory gland; AT–atrium; CD–copulatory duct; CO–copulatory opening; E–embolus; FD–fertilization duct; RTA–retrolateral tibial apophysis; S–spermatheca; SP–spermophore; T–tegulum). Scale bars: 0.35 mm (1); 3 mm (2, 3); 0.2 mm (4, 5).
Female from Iguazú National Park (IBSI-Ara 00207) (Figs
Male (Holotype,
From the illustrations in the original description it is clear that this species is very closely related to B. reducta (
Because we note that the morphological data are quite similar among members of the genus, it is difficult to establish an intersexual autapomorphy (see
Balmaceda nigrosecta has sexual dimorphism as frequently occurs in other salticids, althoughstrong dimorphism is uncommon in marpissines. In this case the sexual dimorphism is weak; the males only show a slightly darker color in palps and first pair of legs. They live in many parts of the peri-urban area (Fig.
Only known from northeast Argentina, in Misiones Province.
We wish to thank Hernán Iuri (