Research Article |
Corresponding author: Zong-Qing Wang ( zqwang2006@126.com ) Academic editor: Fred Legendre
© 2021 Jia-Jun He, Du-Ting Jin, Yi-Shu Wang, Yan-Li Che, Zong-Qing Wang.
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Citation:
He J-J, Jin D-T, Wang Y-S, Che Y-L, Wang Z-Q (2021) Species delimitation of Margattea cockroaches from China, with seven new species (Blattodea, Ectobiidae, Pseudophyllodromiinae). ZooKeys 1036: 121-151. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1036.63232
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Nearly 450 Margattea specimens were collected from 27 locations in China and their morphology was examined. Then 68 Margattea COI sequences were obtained and used to carry out phylogenetic analyses as well as species delimitation analyses using General Mixed Yule Coalescent (GMYC), Automatic Barcode Gap Discovery (ABGD), and Poisson Tree Processes (bPTP). GMYC analysis resulted in 21 molecular operational taxonomic units (MOTUs) (confidence interval: 20–22), which was completely consistent with the result of the bPTP. There were 15 MOTUs using the ABGD method. The number of MOTUs was slightly different from the assigned morphospecies (16). As to the incongruence between molecular and morphological results, we checked the specimens again and made sure that most morphological differences were determined to be intraspecific differences (except the difference between M. angusta and M. mckittrickae), although a large genetic distance existed. Finally, 16 Margattea species from China were defined in this study, of which, seven new species are established, i.e. Margattea deltodonta J-J He & Z-Q Wang, sp. nov., Margattea cuspidata J-J He & Z-Q Wang, sp. nov., Margattea caudata J-J He & Z-Q Wang, sp. nov., Margattea paratransversa J-J He & Z-Q Wang, sp. nov., Margattea disparilis J-J He & Z-Q Wang, sp. nov., Margattea transversa J-J He & Z-Q Wang, sp. nov., and Margattea bicruris J-J He & Z-Q Wang, sp. nov.
ABGD, bPTP, cockroaches, COI, GMYC, intraspecific difference, morphology
Until now, 59 species have been included in the genus Margattea worldwide. Of these, 19 are from China (
DNA barcoding has proven to be a reliable and cost-effective method for identifying species in insect groups (
In this study, we explore the diversity of Margattea species in China using both morphological features and GMYC, ABGD, and bPTP approaches to estimate the number of molecular operational taxonomic units (MOTUs), describe new species, and pair the female specimens with the males.
Terminology mainly follows
Measurements are based on observed specimens. The genital segments of the studied specimens were dissected and immersed in 10% NaOH, heated to dissolve the fat, and rinsed with distilled water to make the segments and genitalia observable. They were then stored in glycerin. Genitalia were observed in glycerin using a MOTIC K400 stereomicroscope. All photos were made with a Leica DFC digital microscope camera attached to a Leica M205A stereomicroscope, and were modified with Adobe Photoshop CS6 (Adobe Systems, San Jose, CA, USA). Type materials are all deposited in the Institute of Entomology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China (SWU).
DNA was extracted according to the Hipure Tissue DNA Mini Kit (Magen Biotech, Guangzhou). Fragments of COI were amplified using PCR. Primers used for the amplifications are LCO1490 (5'-GGTCAACAAATCATAAGATATTGG-3') and HCO2198 (5'-TAAACTTCAGGGTGACCAAAAAATCA-3') (
A total of 81 COI sequences were used for analysis, of which 68 sequences are newly sequenced and nine sequences were downloaded from GenBank. Four sequences were selected as outgroups from species of four genera (Allacta, Sorineuchora, Balta, and Shelfordina) of the subfamily Pseudophyllodromiinae (Table
Samples used in this study. The location numbers correspond to Figure
Species | Voucher ID | GenBank accession number | Collecting information | Location number |
---|---|---|---|---|
ingroups | ||||
M. speciosa | KY349620 | |||
M14_5 | MW970279 | Jianfengling, Hainan, China; date and collector unknown | 1 | |
M. angusta | M28_6 | MW970280 | Putian, Fujian, China; 21 July 2013; Shun-Hua Gui, Yan Shi | 5 |
KY349624 | ||||
M. mckittrickae | M29_1 | MW970281 | Baoting, Hainan, China; 2 May 2013; Shun-Hua Gui, Yan Shi | 2 |
M29_2 | MW970282 | |||
M. spinifera | M28_2 | MW970272 | Putian, Fujian, China; 21 July 2013; Shun-Hua Gui, Yan Shi | 5 |
M28_3 | MW970273 | |||
M28_7 | MW970277 | Guiping, Guangxi, China; 31 May-2 June 2014; Shun-Hua Gui, Xin-Ran, Jian-Yue Qiu | 19 | |
M28_8 | MW970278 | |||
M28_9 | MW970274 | Fuzhou, Fujian, China; 26 July 2013; Yan Shi | 6 | |
M28_10 | MW970275 | Mt Wuyi, Fujian, China; 6–30 July 2013; Shun-Hua Gui, Yan Shi | 8 | |
M28_11 | MW970276 | Mt Taimu, Ningde City, Fujian, China; 6–30 July 2013; Shun-Hua Gui, Yan Shi | 7 | |
KY349644 | ||||
M. spinosa | M30_7 | MW970299 | Baoting, Hainan, China; 2 May 2013; Yan Shi | 2 |
KY349617 | ||||
M. bisignata | M19_1 | MW970312 | Nanling, Guangdong, China; 5–7 June 2010; Collector Unkown. | 16 |
M19_2 | MW970313 | |||
M19_3 | MW970314 | |||
M19_4 | MW970317 | Mt E’mei, Sichuan, China; 2 June 2011; Ke-Liang Wu | 24 | |
M19_5 | MW970318 | |||
M19_6, F | MW970307 | Guiping, Guangxi, China; 31 May–2 June 2014; Shun-Hua Gui, Xin-Ran, Jian-Yue Qiu | 19 | |
M19_7, F | MW970308 | Jingxiu, Guangxi, China; 4–5 June 2014; Shun-Hua Gui, Xin-Ran Li | 18 | |
M19_8 | MW970316 | Mt Dabie, Hubei, China; 2 July 2014; Xin-Ran Li | 12 | |
M19_9 | MW970315 | Beibei, Chongqing, China; 23 May 2013; Jin-Jin Wang | 23 | |
M19_10 | MW970319 | Mt E’mei, Sichuan, China; 2 July 2013; Jin-JinWang, Yang Li | 24 | |
M_SY | MW970309 | Nanchang, Jiangxi, China; 3 June 2017; Xin-Ran Li, Li-Li Wang; Meng Li | 14 | |
SP6_SY | MW970311 | Mt Lu, Jiangxi, China; date and collector unknown | 13 | |
SP6_SY_2 | MW970310 | |||
KY349607 | ||||
M. multipunctata | M42_1 | MW970271 | Xishuangbanna, Yunnan, China; 17 November 2009; Guo Tang, Zhi-Yuan Yao. | 26 |
M_DB | MW970270 | Xishuangbanna, Yunnan, China; 27 May 2016; Zhi-Wei Qiu, Lu Qiu. | 26 | |
DB | MW970269 | |||
KY349646 | ||||
M. nimbata | M13_1 | MW970258 | Beibei, Chongqing, China; 15–19 June 2016, Yang Li | 23 |
M13_2 | MW970257 | |||
M13_3 | MW970259 | |||
M_N | MW970260 | Beibei, Chongqing, China; 9 June 2018; Collector Unkown. | ||
KY349658 | ||||
M13_4 | MW970261 | Mt Zijin, Jiangsu, China; 6–7 July 2014; Xin-Ran Li, Jian-yue Qiu, Yan Shi | 11 | |
M. concava | M27_1 | MW970254 | Mt Jianfengling, Hainan, China; 6 May 2013; Shun-Hua Gui, Yan Shi. | 1 |
M27_3 | MW970255 | |||
M_AY | MW970256 | Mt Jianfengling, Hainan, China; 24 April 2015; Lu Qiu, Qi-Kun Bai. | ||
M27_4, F | MW970252 | Mt Wuzhi, Hainan, China; 6 May 2013; Shun-Hua Gui, Yan Shi | 2 | |
M27_5 | MW970253 | Mt Diaoluo, Hainan, China; 8 May 2013; Shun-Hua Gui, Yan Shi | 4 | |
MF136391 | ||||
M. cuspidata sp. nov. | SP5 | MW970300 | Mt Daming, Guangxi, China; 2 July 2015; Lu Qiu, Qi-Kun Bai | 20 |
SP5_2 | MW970301 | |||
M. caudata sp. nov. | SP7 | MW970283 | Pu’er, Yunnan, China; 20 May 2016; Lu Qiu, Zhi-Wei Qiu | 27 |
SP7_2 | MW970284 | |||
M. caudata sp. nov. | SP7_3 | MW970285 | ||
C3, F | MW970287 | |||
C4, F | MW970288 | |||
C5, F | MW970289 | |||
M901 | MW970286 | |||
M. disparilis sp. nov. | M_SC | MW970290 | Xishuangbanna, Yunnan, China; 23 May 2016; Lu Qiu, Zhi-Wei Qiu | 26 |
SP9 | MW970292 | |||
SP10 | MW970291 | |||
M. deltodonta sp. nov. | SP3_2 | MW970294 | Pingbian, Yunnan, China; 15 May 2016; Lu Qiu, Zhi-Wei Qiu | 25 |
SP3_3 | MW970295 | |||
SP8_SP3 | MW970298 | |||
CY03 | MW970297 | |||
SP3 | MW970293 | |||
SP3_2_2 | MW970296 | |||
M. bicruris sp. nov. | SP2_2 | MW970303 | Xishuangbanna, Yunnan, China; 23 May 2016; Lu Qiu, Zhi-Wei Qiu | 26 |
SP2_3 | MW970304 | |||
SP2_4 | MW970305 | |||
SP2_2_2 | MW970302 | |||
M2 | MW970306 | |||
M. transversa sp. nov. | M9 | MW970264 | Pu’er, Yunnan, China; 20 May 2016; Lu Qiu, Zhi-Wei Qiu | 27 |
M903 | MW970265 | |||
M904 | MW970266 | |||
C2, F | MW970267 | |||
C7, F | MW970268 | |||
KY349661 | ||||
M. paratransversa sp. nov. | SP1 | MW970262 | Pu’er, Yunnan, China; 20 May 2016; Lu Qiu, Zhi-Wei Qiu | 27 |
SP1_2 | MW970263 | |||
outgroups | ||||
Allacta ornata | KY349665 | |||
Sorineuchora nigra | MF612149 | |||
Balta notulata | KX051740 | |||
Shelfordina volubilis | KY349562 |
We used three molecular species delimitation methods (GMYC, ABGD, bPTP) to delimit Margattea species based on COI sequences. For GMYC, time-resolved gene trees were estimated in BEAST 1.8.1 (
Herein seven new species, Margattea deltodonta J-J He & Z-Q Wang, sp. nov., Margattea cuspidata J-J He & Z-Q Wang, sp. nov., Margattea caudata J-J He & Z-Q Wang, sp. nov., Margattea paratransversa J-J He & Z-Q Wang, sp. nov., Margattea disparilis J-J He & Z-Q Wang, sp. nov., Margattea transversa J-J He & Z-Q Wang, sp. nov., and Margattea bicruris J-J He & Z-Q Wang, sp. nov. are established on the basis of morphological characters, including male genitalia, combined with molecular data. Species descriptions are provided below (Figs
All Margattea members were clustered together to form a monophyletic group in ML analysis (Fig.
Maximum likelihood (ML) tree based on COI sequence. Branches labels is provided as bootstrap support values, some nodes without shown bootstrap value are given in Suppl. material
On the basis of morphological characters including male genitalia, we were able to identify 16 morphospecies of Margattea. ML analysis revealed each morphological species of the genus as a robust clade (Fig.
A–J Margattea concava A–E sample from Diaoluoshan, Hainan (voucher ID: M27_5), male F–J sample from Jianfengling, Hainan (voucher ID: M_AY), male K–R Margattea mckittrickae, sample from Baoting, Hainan (voucher ID: M29_1), male S–Y Margattea angusta, male A, F, K, S dorsal view B, G, L, T ventral view C, H, M, U eighth abdominal terga, ventral view D, I, N, V supra-anal plate and paraprocts, ventral view E, J, R, Y subgenital plate and phallomeres, dorsal view O, W left phallomere, dorsal view P median phallomere, dorsal view Q, X hook-like phallomere, dorsal view. Scale bars: 5 mm (A–B, F–G, K–L, S–T), 0.5 mm (C–E, H–J, M–R, V–Y).
A–R Margattea bisignata A–E sample from E’meishan, Sichuan (voucher ID: M19_4), male F–K sample from Dabieshan, Hubei (voucher ID: M19_8), male L–R sample from Lushan, Jiangxi (voucher ID: SP6_SY), male S–T sample from Guiping, Guangxi (voucher ID: M19_6), female A, F, L, S dorsal view B, G, M, T ventral view C, H, N eighth abdominal terga, ventral view D, I, O supra-anal plate and paraprocts, ventral view E, K, P subgenital plate and phallomeres, dorsal view J, Q left phallomere, dorsal view R hook-like phallomere, dorsal view. Scale bars: 5 mm (A–B, F–G, L–M, S–T), 0.5 mm (C–E, H–K, N–R).
Third and fourth palpi both obviously longer than the fifth. Tegmina and wings usually fully developed, beyond end of abdomen, but slightly reduced in a few species, not reaching end of abdomen. Disc of pronotum usually with symmetrical maculae. ScP of tegmina simple, R multi-branched, M with 4–7 complete branches; hind wings of the ScP and RA expanded at base, CuA usually with 4–6 branches. Eighth abdominal tergum unspecialized or specialized with a tuft. Anteroventral margin of front femur type B2, or B3, rarely C2. Tarsal claws symmetrical and usually specialized, inner margin serrated. Styli simple, cylindrical. Hook phallomere on right. Median phallomere with accessory structure.
The genus Margattea Shelford, 1911 is closely related to Balta Tepper, 1893; however, they can be distinguished by the following characteristics: 1) In the former, the front femur is always of type B2, or B3, rarely C2; in the latter, the front femur always of type C2 or in a few, type B3; 2) in the former, the tarsal claws are symmetrical and specialized, but in the latter, the tarsal claws are asymmetrical and unspecialized; 3) in the former, the interstylar region is always convex or nearly straight, while in the latter, the interstylar region is always concave.
1 | Tegmina basically reaching or extending beyond the end of abdomen | 2 |
– | Tegmina barely reaching middle of abdomen | M. hemiptera Bey-Bienko, 1958 |
2 | The front femur Type B3 | 3 |
– | The front femur Type B2 | 11 |
3 | Interstylar region have no produced or unconspicuous | 4 |
– | Interstylar region strongly produced | 5 |
4 | Pronotum pale yellow without dark maculae | M. immaculata Liu & Zhou, 2011 |
– | Pronotum yellowish brown with maculae | M. mckittrickae Wang, Che & Wang, 2009 |
5 | Interstylar region produced nearly rectangle-shaped | 6 |
– | Interstylar region produced not rectangle-shaped | 7 |
6 | Posterior margin of interstylar region with a row of spines | M. perspicillaris (Karny, 1915) |
– | Posterior margin of interstylar region without spines | Margattea angusta Wang et al., 2014 |
7 | Interstylar region produced nearly arc-shaped with a row of spines | M. spinifera Bey-Bienko, 1958 |
– | Interstylar region produced not arc-shaped | 8 |
8 | Interstylar region extremely asymmetrical | M. disparilis J-J He & Z-Q Wang, sp. nov. |
– | Interstylar region basically symmetrical | 9 |
9 | The left and right edges of interstylar region curl inward | 10 |
– | The trailing edge of interstylar region curls upward | M. furcata Liu & Zhou, 2011 |
10 | The left end of the accessory structure of median phallomere with a slender bone | M. cuspidata J-J He & Z-Q Wang, sp. nov. |
– | The accessory structure of median phallomere without bones | M. flexa Wang et al., 2014 |
11 | Male eighth tergum unspecialized | 12 |
– | Male eighth tergum specialized | 14 |
12 | Posterior margin of supra-anal plate with sharp protrusions | M. producta Wang, Che & Wang, 2009 |
– | Posterior margin of supra-anal plate not produced and nearly straight | 13 |
13 | Ventral surface of body with brown spots | M. punctulata (Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1893) |
– | Ventral surface of body without brown spots | M. limbata Bey-Bienko, 1954 |
14 | Styli dissimilar, the left bigger than the right | M. pseudolimbata Wang et al., 2014 |
– | Styli similar | 15 |
15 | Pronotal disc black brown with white maculae (specimens, the maculae of living body is fluorescent blue) | M. multipunctata Wang, Che & Wang, 2009 |
– | Pronotal disc with scattered symmetrical maculae | 16 |
16 | The accessory structure of left phallomere with brush-shaped sclerite | M. bisignata Bey-Bienko, 1970 |
– | The accessory structure of left phallomere without brush-shaped sclerite | 17 |
17 | Median phallomere with spinelike sclerites | 18 |
– | Median phallomere without spinelike sclerites spinelike sclerites | 21 |
18 | Median phallomere with two or more spinelike sclerites | 19 |
– | Median phallomere with only one spinelike sclerite | 20 |
19 | Median phallomere with three spinelike sclerite | M. trispinosa (Bey-Bienko, 1958) |
– | Median phallomere with two spinelike sclerite | M. nimbata (Shelford, 1907) |
20 | Interocular space without brown band | M. paratransversa J-J He & Z-Q Wang, sp. nov. |
– | Interocular space with brown band | M. transversa J-J He & Z-Q Wang, sp. nov. |
21 | Interstylar region strongly produced | 22 |
– | Interstylar region have no produced or unconspicuous | 23 |
22 | Interstylar region convex fishtail-shaped | M. caudata J-J He & Z-Q Wang, sp. nov. |
– | Interstylar region convex triangular | M. deltodonta J-J He & Z-Q Wang, sp. nov. |
23 | Interstylar region concave | M. concava Wang, Che & Wang, 2009 |
– | Interstylar region not concave | 24 |
24 | Median phallomere with spines at apex | M. spinosa Wang et al., 2014 |
– | Median phallomere without spines at apex | 25 |
25 | Median phallomere forked at apex | M. bicruris J-J He & Z-Q Wang, sp. nov. |
– | Median phallomere unforked | M. speciosa Liu & Zhou, 2011 |
Holotype: China • ♂; Hongqi Reservoir, Mt Dawei, Pingbian County, Yunnan Province; 1550 m, 15-V-2016; Lu Qiu, Zhi-Wei Qiu leg; SWU-B-EC141501. Paratypes: China • 3♂♂; same data as holotype; SWU-B-EC141502-141504.
China • 1♂; Hongqi Reservoir, Mt Dawei, Pingbian County, Yunnan Province; 1550 m; 17-V-2016; Lu Qiu, Zhi-Wei Qiu leg.
This species is similar to M. satsumana (Asahina, 1979) in general appearance, but can be differentiated from the latter by the following characters: 1) median phallomere slender rod with base sharp, and apex expanded with three spines; while in the latter, base slightly expanded, and apex curved with some short spines; 2) subgenital plate not folded; while in the latter, folded inwards.
(mm). Male (n = 4), pronotum: length × width 1.6–2.1 × 2.6–2.9, tegmina length: 10.3–11.2, overall length: 12.5–13.1.
Male. Coloration: body yellowish-brown (Fig.
A–N Margattea deltodonta sp. nov., male A holotype, dorsal view B holotype, ventral view C head, ventral view D pronotum, dorsal view E maxillary palpi, ventral view F tegmen, dorsal view G hind wing, dorsal view H front femur, ventral view I tarsal claws J eighth abdominal terga K supra-anal plate and paraprocts, ventral view L left phallomere, dorsal view M subgenital plate and median phallomere, dorsal view N hook-like phallomere, dorsal view. Scale bars: 5 mm (A, B); 0.5 mm (C–H, J, K–N); 0.1 mm (I).
Female unknown.
The word “delt” and “odont” from Greek and means triangular, the species name “deltodontus” refers to the posterior margin of subgenital plate with small spines.
China (Yunnan).
Holotype: China • ♂; Mt Daming, Guangxi Province; 2-VII-2015; Lu Qiu, Qi-Kun Bai leg; SWU-B-EC141201. Paratype: China • 1♂; same data as for holotype; SWU-B-EC141202.
This species is similar to M. flexa
(mm). Male (n = 2), pronotum: length × width 1.6–2.1 × 2.6–2.9, tegmina length: 10.3–11.2, overall length: 12.5–13.1.
Male. Coloration: body yellowish-brown (Fig.
A–N Margattea cuspidata sp. nov., male A holotype, dorsal view B holotype, ventral view C head, ventral view D pronotum, dorsal view E maxillary palpi, ventral view F tegmen, dorsal view G hind wing, dorsal view H front femur, ventral view I tarsal claws J eighth abdominal terga K supra-anal plate and paraprocts, ventral view L left phallomere, dorsal view M subgenital plate and median phallomere, dorsal view N hook-like phallomere, dorsal view. Scale bars: 5 mm (A, B); 0.5 mm (C–H, J, K–N); 0.1 mm (I).
Female unknown.
The latin name “cuspidatus” refers to interstylar region obviously convex, two sides convex and curved inwards.
China (Guangxi).
Holotype: China • ♂; Meizihu Reservoir, Pu’er City, Yunnan Province; 1400 m; 21-V-2016; Lu Qiu, Zhi-Wei Qiu leg; SWU-B-EC141301. Paratypes: China • 6♂♂; 1 ♀, same data as holotype SWU-B-EC141302-141308.
China • 2♀♀; Meizihu Reservoir, Pu’er City, Yunnan Province; 1400 m; 20-V-2016; Lu Qiu, Zhi-Wei Qiu leg.
This species is similar to M. mckittrickae Wang, Che & Wang, 2009 in general appearance, but it can be differentiated from the latter by the following characters: 1) interstylar region obviously convex, fishtail-shaped, while the latter slightly convex; 2) left phallomere complex, irregular bone-shaped, while in the latter, two sides of left phallomere sheet-like; and 3) median phallomere with one accessory structure, while the latter with two accessory structures.
(mm). Male (n = 4), pronotum: length × width 2.7–2.8 × 3.1–3.6, tegmina length: 10.4–12.6, overall length: 12.8–14.1. Female, pronotum: length × width 2.5–3.0 × 3.6–3.7, tegmina length: 9.0–9.1, overall length: 11.7–12.6.
Male. Coloration: body pale brown with yellowish-brown (Fig.
A–N Margattea caudata sp. nov., male A holotype, dorsal view B holotype, ventral view C head, ventral view D pronotum, dorsal view E maxillary palpi segments 3–5, ventral view F tegmen, dorsal view G hind wing, dorsal view H front femur, ventral view I tarsal claws J eighth abdominal terga K supra-anal plate and paraprocts, ventral view L left phallomere, dorsal view M subgenital plate and median phallomere, dorsal view N hook-like phallomere, dorsal view. Scale bars: 5 mm (A, B); 0.5 mm (C–H, J, K–N); 0.1 mm (I).
Female with tegmina and wings slightly reduced.
The latin name “caudatus” meaning “tail”, refers to the fishtail-shaped convexity on interstylar region.
China (Yunnan).
Holotype: China • ♂; Wangtianshu Scenery Spot, Mengla County, Xishuangbanna Prefecture, Yunnan Province; 720 m; 23-V-2016; Lu Qiu, Zhi-Wei Qiu leg; SWU-B-EC141401. Paratypes: China • ♂; Gougu Tropical Rainforest, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden (CAS), Menglun Town, Jinghong City, Yunnan Province; 570 m; 26-V-2016; Lu Qiu, Zhi-Wei Qiu leg; SWU-B-EC141402.
China • 1♂; Lvshilin (Green Stone Forest), Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden (CAS), Menglun Town, Jinghong City, Yunnan Province; 25-V-2016; Lu Qiu, Zhi-Wei Qiu leg.
This species is similar to M. flexa
(mm). Male (n = 3), pronotum: length × width 2.4–2.6 × 3.2–3.5, tegmina length: 9.3–9.9, overall length: 11.2–11.9.
Male. Coloration: body yellowish-brown with pale brown (Fig.
A–N Margattea disparilis sp. nov., male A holotype, dorsal view B holotype, ventral view C head, ventral view D pronotum, dorsal view E maxillary palpi segments 3–5, ventral view F tegmen, dorsal view G hind wing, dorsal view H front femur, ventral view I tarsal claws J eighth abdominal terga K supra-anal plate and paraprocts, ventral view L left phallomere, dorsal view M subgenital plate and median phallomere, dorsal view N hook-like phallomere, dorsal view. Scale bars: 5 mm (A, B); 0.5 mm (C–H, J, K–N); 0.1 mm (I).
Female unknown.
The latin name “disparilis” refers to the interstylar region obviously irregular convex.
China (Yunnan).
Holotype: China • ♂; Meizihu Reservoir, Pu’er City, Yunnan Province; 20-V-2016; Lu Qiu, Zhi-Wei Qiu leg; SWU-B-EC141801. Paratypes: China • 2♂; same date as for holotype SWU-B-EC141802-141803.
China • 1♀; Meizihu Reservoir, Pu’er City, Yunnan Province; 20-V-2016; Lu Qiu, Zhi-Wei Qiu leg. • 1♀; Meizihu Reservoir, Pu’er City, Yunnan Province; 21-V-2016; Lu Qiu, Zhi-Wei Qiu leg.
This species is similar to M. nimbata (Shelford, 1907) in male genitalia, but it can be differentiated from the latter by the following characters: 1) median phallomere base with a curved spine, while in the latter, with two curved spines; 2) a long piece of bone extends from the right side of the accessory structure, while absent in the latter; and 3) left phallomere with four long spines; the latter with two long spines.
(mm). Male (n = 3), pronotum: length × width 2.5–2.6 × 3.2–3.9, tegmina length: 11.7–12.3, overall length: 14.0–14.1. Female, pronotum: length × width 2.6–2.7 × 3.2–3.4, tegmina length: 11.3–11.5, overall length: 13.4–13.6.
Male. Coloration: body pale yellowish-brown with brown (Fig.
A–N Margattea transversa sp. nov., male A holotype, dorsal view B holotype, ventral view C head, ventral view D pronotum, dorsal view E maxillary palpi segments 3–5, ventral view F tegmen, dorsal view G hind wing, dorsal view H front femur, ventral view I tarsal claws J eighth abdominal terga K supra-anal plate and paraprocts, ventral view L left phallomere, dorsal view M subgenital plate and median phallomere, dorsal view N hook-like phallomere, dorsal view. Scale bars: 5 mm (A, B); 0.5 mm (C–H, J, K–N); 0.1 mm (I).
Female same as male.
The latin name “transversus” refers to the interocular space having a dark brown transverse band.
China (Yunnan).
Holotype: China • ♂; Meizihu Reservoir, Pu’er City, Yunnan Province; 1400 m; 21-V-2016; Lu Qiu, Zhi-Wei Qiu leg; SWU-B-EC141701. Paratype: China • 6♂♂; same data as holotype; SWU-B-EC141702-141707.
China • 2♀; Meizihu Reservoir, Pu’er City, Yunnan Province; 1400 m; 20-V-2016; Lu Qiu, Zhi-Wei Qiu leg.
This species closely resembles Margattea transversa sp. nov., but they can be distinguished by the following characteristics: 1) Left phallomere of the former with three long spines, while the latter with four long spines; 2) In the former, median phallomere apex with a slightly curved spine, while the median phallomere apex of latter with a distinct curved spine. In addition, this species is also similar to M. nimbata (Shelford, 1907) in general appearance, but it can be differentiated from the latter by the following characters: 1) median phallomere base with a curved spine, while in the latter, with two curved spines; 2) A long piece of bone extends from the right side of the accessory structure, while absent in the latter; and 3) left phallomere with three long spines; the latter with two long spines.
(mm). Male (n = 5), pronotum: length × width 2.7–2.8 × 3.1–3.6, tegmina length: 10.4–12.6, overall length: 12.8–14.1.
Male. Coloration: body pale yellowish-brown with yellowish-brown (Fig.
A–N Margattea paratransversa sp. nov., male A holotype, dorsal view B holotype, ventral view C head, ventral view D pronotum, dorsal view E maxillary palpi, ventral view F tegmen, dorsal view G hind wing, dorsal view H front femur, ventral view I tarsal claws J eighth abdominal terga K supra-anal plate and paraprocts, ventral view L left phallomere, dorsal view M subgenital plate and median phallomere, dorsal view N hook-like phallomere, dorsal view. Scale bars: 5 mm (A, B); 0.5 mm (C–H, J, K–N); 0.1 mm (I).
Female similar as male.
The species name “paratransversa” reflects its similarity to M. transversa sp. nov.
China (Yunnan).
Holotype: China • ♂; Wangtianshu Scenery Spot, Mengla County, Xishuangbanna Prefecture, Yunnan Province; 23-V-2016; Lu Qiu, Zhi-Wei Qiu leg; SWU-B-EC141601. Paratype: China • 2 ♂♂, same data as for holotype; SWU-B-EC141602-141603.
This species is similar to M. brevialata (Caudell, 1927) in male genitalia, but it can be differentiated from the latter by the following characters: 1) median phallomere slender rod, apex forked without spines; while in the latter, one side of splitting apex with 2 long spines; 2) left phallomere without a spine; the latter with a spine; and 3) supra-anal plate symmetrical, the front and the posterior margin straight; while in the latter, posterior margin convex, the middle part concave.
(mm). Male (n = 3), pronotum: length × width 2.1–2.2 × 3.0–3.2, tegmina length: 9.9–10.9, overall length: 11.6–12.0.
Male. Coloration: body pale yellow with yellowish-brown (Fig.
A–L Margattea bicruris sp. nov., male A holotype, dorsal view B holotype, ventral view C head, ventral view D pronotum, dorsal view E maxillary palpi segments 3–5, ventral view F tegmen, dorsal view G hind wing, dorsal view H front femur, ventral view I tarsal claws J eighth abdominal terga K supra-anal plate and paraprocts, ventral view L subgenital plate and phallomeres, dorsal view. Scale bars: 5 mm (A, B); 0.5 mm (C–H, J, K–L); 0.1 mm (I).
Female unknown.
The Latin name “bicruris” refers to the median phallomere having the base forked.
China (Yunnan).
The number of Margattea MOTUs (21) recovered from GMYC and bPTP analysis were greater than the number of species (16) determined by morphological characters. Of these, 13 MOTUs totally correspond to 13 species, while the remaining three species were overestimated as eight MOTUs. The ABGD method yielded 15 MOTUs because two morphospecies were considered as one MOTU. After re-examining the specimens, we still adhere to the morphological hypotheses, that is, 16 species. Our results therefore show that ABGD was, for Margattea with the parameters used, more in agreement with the morphological species hypotheses than the other methods tested. DNA-based identification methods were also proven to be useful in Margattea male and female matching. There is no denying that DNA-barcoding methods have performed well in the rapid identification and assessment of species diversity, in finding cryptic species, and in the matching of males and females (
For this group of cockroaches in our study, the intraspecific and interspecific K2P genetic distances (0.0–5.9% and 4.9–25.2%, respectively) were more or less similar to values found for other cockroach groups (Cryptocercus: 0.00–0.61% and 2.18–20.36% (
Twenty-seven collecting locations of Margattea species in China. The location corresponding to each number on the map was shown in Suppl. material
We are deeply grateful to Mr Zhi-wei Qiu (Chongqing) and Mr Lu Qiu (SWU) for collecting the specimens from Yunnan, China. We also thank Dr John Richard Schrock (Department of Biological Sciences, Emporia State University) for revising the English. This study is supported by the National Natural Sciences Foundation of China (no 31872271 and 31772506).
Table S1. Interspecific and intraspecific genetic distances
Data type: molecular data
Table S2. 27 collecting locations of Margattea species in China.
Data type: occurrence
Figure S1
Data type: image
Raw data
Data type: species data