1 |
Base of volsella covered with a dense brush of silky setae (a); Chinese female either with metasoma entirely black and wings evenly infuscate, lacking purple or blue reflections (b) or with metasoma predominantly yellow and wings bright yellow basally (bb); mainly distributed in Palaearctic Regions of China; subgenus Scolia s. str. Fabricius |
2
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– |
Base of volsella without dense brush of silky setae (aa); females either with metasoma predominantly black and wings dark brown with distinct purple or blue reflections (bbbb) or with red or yellow pattern and wings never bright yellow basally (bbb); mainly distributed in Oriental Regions of China; subgenus Discolia Saussure |
4
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|
2 |
Body black (a); wings not distinctly darkened apically and evenly infuscate (b); clypeus nearly smooth medially (c) |
S. (S.) concolor Eversmann, 1849
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– |
Metasoma at least partly yellowish (aa); wings with distinct dark apical band and yellowish basally (bb); clypeus strongly rugose or densely punctate medially (cc) |
3
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|
3 |
Vertex smooth behind ocelli (a); anterior ocellus situated in a narrow and shallow depression (b); vertex and frons yellow (c) |
S. (S.) flaviceps Eversmann, 1846
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– |
Vertex densely punctate (aa); anterior ocellus in a broad and deep depression (bb); vertex and frons black (cc) |
S. (S.) potanini Morawitz, 1889
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|
4 |
Setae red or yellowish-brown on T2–T7 (sometimes black on epipygium) and black on mesosoma (a) |
5
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– |
Setae on T4–T7 usually black (aa), if setae pale, then mesosoma setae also pale |
6
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|
5 |
Body entirely black, setae red on T2–T7 (a); fore wing without dark subapical spot (b); mesopleuron densely punctate, except partly anteriorly and posteriorly (c) |
S. (D.) sinensis de Saussure & Sichel, 1864
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– |
T3–T6 largely reddish-yellow with red setae, fringes of T2 black; fore wing with a darker subapical spot; mesopleuron nearly smooth, with a few large punctures |
S. (D.) minowai Uchida, 1933
|
6 |
Female, antenna with 12 segments (females of S. (D.) bnun Tsuneki, 1972 and S. (D.) wusheensis Tsuneki, 1972 unknown) |
7
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– |
Male, antenna with 13 segments (males of S. (D.) inouyei Okamoto, 1924 and S. (D.) tigrimaculosa Yamane, 1995 unknown) |
23
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7 |
Dorso-median area of propodeum smooth to superficially and sparsely punctate (intervals at least as large as puncture diameter) (a) |
8
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– |
Dorso-median area of propodeum more or less strongly and densely punctate (intervals smaller than puncture diameter) (aa) |
11
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|
8 |
Metasoma and mesosoma completely black (a) |
9
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– |
Metasoma and/or mesosoma often with yellow pattern (aa) |
10
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|
9 |
Vertex partially to almost entirely yellowish-red (a); metanotum with few, irregular punctures (b); POL:OD:OOL=183:54:251 (c); wings without reflection (d) |
S. (D.) superciliaris de Saussure, 1864
|
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– |
Vertex entirely black (aa); metanotum and propodeal dorsally almost entirely smooth (bb); POL:OD:OOL=153:69:183 (cc); wings with distinct purple reflection (dd) |
S. (D.) affinis Guérin-Méneville, 1845
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|
10 |
T4 black (a); lateral carina just reaching level of propodeal spiracle (b); median groove of frons distinct (c) |
S. (D.) nobilis de Saussure, 1858
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– |
T4 with a narrow apical yellow band or two lateral yellow spots (aa); lateral carina surpassing level of propodeal spiracle (bb); median groove of frons absent (cc) |
S. (D.) inouyei Okamoto, 1924
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|
11 |
Body black (a) |
S. (D.) laeviceps Smith, 1855
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– |
Metasoma often with red or yellow pattern (aa) |
12
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|
12 |
Pronotum posterodorsally yellow or red (a) |
13
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– |
Pronotum posterodorsally black (aa) |
17
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|
13 |
Middle of clypeus and anterior part of head above antenna sockets red; pronotum marked with red |
S. (D.) clypeata Sickman, 1894
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– |
Head black or only with yellow spots; pronotum marked with yellow |
14
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14 |
Mesonotum often evenly densely punctate (a); spiracular corner often smooth (b); pronotum posterodorsally widely smooth (c); scutellum and/or metanotum always with yellow bands (d) |
S. (D.) picteti de Saussure, 1855)
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|
– |
Mesonotum narrowly to largely impunctate medially; spiracular corner punctate, if smooth, then pronotum posterodorsally largely sculptured; pale pattern on scutellum and metanotum less developed |
15
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15 |
Area behind hind ocellus almost impunctate; gena with a yellow line behind eye |
16
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– |
Area behind hind ocellus with well-defined punctures; gena without yellow line |
S. (D.) desidiosa Bingham, 1896
|
16 |
Scutellum black; anterior half of mesopleuron almost impunctate; apical fringe of T2–4 and S5 dark brown |
S. (D.) taiwana Tsuneki, 1972
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– |
Scutellum largely yellow; anterior half of mesopleuron extensively closely punctate; apical fringe of T2–4 and S5 pale golden |
S. (D.) tigrimaculosa Yamane, 1995
|
17 |
Legs reddish (a); wings yellow hyaline, with dark tip (b); metasoma with reddish-brown setae throughout (c); T2–5 with yellow apical maculae (d) |
S. (D.) rufispina Morawitz, 1889
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– |
Femora and tibiae black (aa); wings almost uniformly dark or yellow hyaline without dark tip (bb); metasoma setae not reddish-brown (cc); one to three tergites with yellow or reddish maculae (dd) |
18
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|
18 |
T3–T4 with pair of reddish spots (a); mesonotum and pronotum posterodorsally largely impunctate (b); dorso-lateral area of propodeum impunctate on its inner half (c) [= S. quadripustulata auctt. from China] |
S. (D.) binotata Fabricius, 1804
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– |
T3 with yellow band and T4 black (aa); mesonotum and pronotum posterodorsally densely punctate (bb) or largely impunctate; dorso-lateral area of propodeum more or less punctate (cc) |
19
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|
19 |
Mesonotum largely impunctate; frons and vertex impunctate; frons with transverse impressed line |
20
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– |
Mesonotum densely punctate (a); frons and vertex largely smooth (b) to densely punctate (bb); frons without transverse impressed line (c) |
21
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|
20 |
Transverse impressed line on frons slightly curved upwards laterally; intervals of punctures on posterior margin of pronotum broadly smooth and polished |
S. (D.) apakaensis Tsuneki, 1972
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– |
Transverse impressed line on frons straight; intervals of punctures on posterior margin of pronotum rugulose |
S. (D.) schrenckii Eversmann, 1846
|
21 |
Head entirely black (a); median groove of frons more or less impressed (b) |
22
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– |
Head partly red or yellow (aa); median groove of frons absent (bb) |
S. (D.) watanabei (Matsumura, 1912)
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|
22 |
Vertex and frons with dense coarse punctation (a); median groove of frons distinct (b) |
S. (D.) formosicola Betrem, 1928
|
– |
Vertex and frons largely smooth, without large punctures, (aa); median groove of frons indistinct (bb) |
S. (D.) oculata Matsumura, 1911
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|
23 |
Metasoma entirely black (a) |
24
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– |
Metasoma with variable whitish-yellow to reddish pattern (aa) |
26
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|
24 |
Antenna robust subapically, penultimate flagellomere 1.2× longer than wide (a); anterior ocellus in a broad deep pit (b) |
S. (D.) laeviceps Smith, 1855
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|
– |
Antenna slender subapically, penultimate flagellomere distinctly (1.6×) longer than wide (aa); anterior ocellus in a narrow pit (bb) |
25
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|
25 |
Vertex entirely black (a); setae of metasoma entirely black (b) |
S. (D.) affinis Guérin-Méneville, 1845
|
– |
Vertex partly to nearly entirely yellowish-red (aa); setae of metasoma yellowish, but black on T6–T7 (bb) |
S. (D.) superciliaris de Saussure, 1864
|
|
26 |
Head and mesosoma entirely black (a) |
27
|
– |
Head and/or mesosoma with variable yellow to reddish patterns (aa) |
31
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|
27 |
Femora and tibiae red; metasoma with reddish-brown setae, even on black parts; T2–T5 with yellow band |
S. (D.) rufispina Morawitz, 1889
|
– |
Femora and tibiae black; setae on metasoma not reddish-brown; often only T3 with yellow or reddish band |
28
|
28 |
Antenna shorter than head and mesosoma combined |
29
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– |
Antenna longer than head and mesosoma combined (a) |
30
|
|
29 |
Wings not paler apically; mesoscutum narrowly impunctate medio-posteriorly |
S. (D.) apakaensis Tsuneki, 1972
|
– |
Wings slightly paler apically; mesoscutum broadly impunctate medio-posteriorly |
S. (D.) schrenckii Eversmann, 1846
|
30 |
Lateral areas of propodeum almost smooth (a); yellow band of T3 uninterrupted or indistinctly interrupted (b); metasoma 3.0× longer than wide (c) |
S. (D.) formosicola Betrem, 1928
|
– |
Lateral areas of propodeum distinctly punctate (aa); yellow band of T3 distinctly interrupted (bb); metasoma 2.4× longer than wide (cc) |
S. (D.) oculata Matsumura, 1911
|
|
31 |
Dorso-median area of propodeum smooth to superficially and sparsely punctate (intervals at least as large as puncture diameter) |
32
|
– |
Dorso-median area of propodeum more or less strongly and densely punctate (intervals smaller than puncture diameter) |
34
|
32 |
Mesonotum and scutellum uniformly punctate (a); often only T3 with a more or less interrupted pale band (b) |
S. (D.) nobilis de Saussure, 1858
|
|
– |
Mesonotum and scutellum with impunctate area medio-posteriorly; tergites with variable pale pattern |
33
|
33 |
T3–T5 each with a medially constricted broad band (rarely also T2 with a pair of yellow spots, yellow band on T5 sometimes greatly reduced or absent); punctures on mesosoma and propodeum (including lateral face) smaller and closer; wings brownish-yellow; punctures on metasoma smaller |
S. (D.) wusheensis Tsuneki, 1972
|
– |
Only T3 with two large yellow spots and T4–T5 black; punctures on mesosoma and propodeum (including lateral face) much coarser and slightly sparser; wings pale yellow; punctures on metasoma larger |
S. (D.) bnun Tsuneki, 1972
|
34 |
Pronotum postero-dorsally yellow or red |
35
|
– |
Pronotum postero-dorsally black |
38
|
35 |
Body black and reddish (a): anterior part of head largely red; frontal spatium not separated from frons (b); frons with punctures as on frontal spatium, smooth laterally (c); median groove of frons indistinct (d); T1 densely punctate, posterior margin with extremely dense and fine punctures (e) |
S. (D.) clypeata Sickman, 1894
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|
– |
Body black and yellow, head black or only with yellow spots (aa); frontal spatium usually separated from frons by a linear depression (bb), if not separated, then punctures on frons sparser than punctures on frontal spatium (cc); median groove of frons always distinct (dd); T1 usually sparsely punctate (ee) |
36
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|
36 |
Three large yellow spots present on propodeum (a); spiracular corner punctate (b) |
S. (D.) desidiosa Bingham, 1896
|
|
– |
Propodeum entirely black (aa); spiracular corner smooth (bb) |
37
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|
37 |
Mesonotum often evenly densely punctate (a); scutellum and/or metanotum always with yellow bands (b) |
S. (D.) picteti de Saussure, 1855)
|
– |
Mesonotum narrowly to largely impunctate medially (aa); yellow pattern on scutellum and metanotum absent (bb) or less developed |
S. (D.) taiwana Tsuneki, 1972
|
|
38 |
T3–T4 with paired reddish spots (a); flagellum somewhat widened towards apex (b) |
S. (D.) binotata Fabricius, 1804
|
– |
T3 or T3–T4 with yellow bands (aa); flagellum not widened towards apex (bb) |
S. (D.) watanabei (Matsumura, 1912)
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