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Catalogue
Catalogue of Texas spiders
expand article infoDavid Allen Dean‡
‡ Texas A&M University, College Station, United States of America

Corresponding author: David Dean ( a-dean-ento@tamu.edu )

Academic editor: Ingi Agnarsson
© 2016 David Dean.
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Citation: Dean DA (2016) Catalogue of Texas spiders. ZooKeys 570: 1-703. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.570.6095
ZooBank: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:CE0DA439-F6F6-4DCF-8225-5700A3C50098
Open Access

Abstract

This catalogue lists 1,084 species of spiders (three identified to genus only) in 311 genera from 53 families currently recorded from Texas and is based on the “Bibliography of Texas Spiders” published by Bea Vogel in 1970. The online list of species can be found at http://pecanspiders.tamu.edu/spidersoftexas.htm. Many taxonomic revisions have since been published, particularly in the families Araneidae, Gnaphosidae and Leptonetidae. Many genera in other families have been revised. The Anyphaenidae, Ctenidae, Hahniidae, Nesticidae, Sicariidae and Tetragnathidae were also revised. Several families have been added and others split up. Several genera of Corinnidae were transferred to Phrurolithidae and Trachelidae. Two genera from Miturgidae were transferred to Eutichuridae. Zoridae was synonymized under Miturgidae. A single species formerly in Amaurobiidae is now in the Family Amphinectidae. Some trapdoor spiders in the family Ctenizidae have been transferred to Euctenizidae.

Gertsch and Mulaik started a list of Texas spiders in 1940. In a letter from Willis J. Gertsch dated October 20, 1982, he stated “Years ago a first listing of the Texas fauna was published by me based largely on Stanley Mulaik material, but it had to be abandoned because of other tasks.” This paper is a compendium of the spiders of Texas with distribution, habitat, collecting method and other data available from revisions and collections. This includes many records and unpublished data (including data from three unpublished studies). One of these studies included 16,000 adult spiders belonging to 177 species in 29 families. All specimens in that study were measured and results are in the appendix. Hidalgo County has 340 species recorded with Brazos County at 323 and Travis County at 314 species. These reflect the amount of collecting in the area.

Keywords

Distribution, Locality, Caves, Time of activity, Habitat, Method, Type, Collection, Etymology, History of collecting, Thesis

Introduction

Gertsch and Mulaik (1940) published the first list of spiders in Texas. In a letter from Willis J. Gertsch dated October 20, 1982, he stated “Years ago a first listing of the Texas fauna was published by me based largely on Stanley Mulaik material, but it had to be abandoned because of other tasks.” They described 17 new species in nine families and provided distributions in select families (Ctenizidae, Dipluridae, Euctenizidae, Theraphosidae, Caponiidae, Dictynidae, Diguetidae, Dysderidae, Filistatidae, Mimetidae, Oecobiidae, Oonopidae, Pholcidae, Scytodidae, Segestriidae, Sicariidae, and Uloboridae). Bea Vogel published a “Bibliography of Texas Spiders” in 1970 based on literature records. The current paper is an update of her work and includes data from revisions and labels from specimens and many new records. Her list included 582 species, but she underestimated the diversity of spiders occurring in Texas partly because of more recent collecting in many areas of the state. Fifty-seven names in her list have been synonymized, 17 are not found in Texas, five are nomen dubium, one is undescribed, and three are duplicates resulting in 499 species (Table 4). Many revisions have since been published and much additional collecting has more than doubled the number of species recorded from Texas. Texas is a transition zone which includes extreme range-limits of many species and also has part of its border adjoining Mexico. The climate varies from subtropical in South Texas, to temperate conditions in the panhandle; and from desert in the west, to swamp in the east.

References are listed that mention Texas for each species. Some checklists have been published, which remain the only reference to a species’ occurrence in Texas. Illustrations of the genitalia of a species not included in published reports of a Texas occurrence are included as a reference in brackets. Counties listed are those in which published reports include a species occurring in Texas and includes unpublished records from collections. A species listed as “widespread” is widely distributed across Texas. Several species are listed as “Texas.” The latest name of a species is given with synonymy included where Texas is listed. [T] is a transfer. [S] is synonymy.

Collecting data from locality labels is provided where available. This was taken from collections and revisions. The collections at Texas A&M University, the author’s collection and that at Midwestern State University were searched. Records from West Texas A&M were donated. Cave records from the Texas Memorial Museum are included. The South West Arthropod Network (http://symbiota4.acis.ufl.edu/scan/portal/collections/) was accessed September 13, 2014. It includes records from Denver Museum of Nature & Science, Museum of Comparative Zoology, New Mexico State University, Texas Memorial Museum, and Texas Tech University.

Catalogs of Banks (1910), Bonnet (1955, 1956, 1957, 1958, 1959), Buckle et al. (2001), Crosby (1905), Marx (1890), Petrunkevitch (1911), Roewer (1942, 1955), Roth (1988), Roth and Brown (1986), and Vogel (1962, 1967) were searched. See Brignoli (1983) and Platnick (1989, 1993, 1998, 2000, 2001, and 2003) for updates on new family classifications and current status of species. NMBE – World Spider Catalog (http://www.wsc.nmbe.ch/) was used for recent changes in names. Distribution in Petrunkevitch (1911) listed as all states, North America, East of Rocky Mountains or United States are not included here.

Several spider species have been listed as endangered by the US Fish & Wildlife Service (Federal Register 1998, 2000, 2002, 2003). These are mostly in the families Dictynidae and Leptonetidae.

Table 1.
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Number of species recorded from Texas described by time period.

Years Number of species Authors with most species
1755–1799 19 Clerck-9
1800–1824 10 Walckenaer-6
1825–1849 145 Hentz-73
Walckenaer-41
1850–1874 52 Hentz-24
1875–1899 240 Banks-56
O. P.-Cambridge-29
Emerton-40
Keyserling-52
Peckham & Peckham-22
Simon-16
1900–1924 130 Banks-28
F. O. P.-Cambridge-14
Chamberlin-39
Peckham & Peckham-19
1925–1949 257 Chamberlin-26
Chamberlin & others-43
Gertsch-71
Gertsch & Mulaik-45
Gertsch & others-39
1950–1974 72 Gertsch-16
Levi-15
1975–1999 113 Gertsch-56
Gertsch & others-6
Platnick & Shadab-12
2000–2013 43 Ledford et al.-10
Table 2.
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Number of species described by Chamberlin and Gertsch and co-authors in Texas.

Ch Ch & I G G & D G & I G & M G & W
<1922 12
1922–1932 37 1
1933 1 9
1934 10
1935 8 20 6
1936 10 17 15 8 28 1
1937–1939 2 1 1
1940 6 5 2 1 17
1941–1947 16 11 3
1950’s 5
1960’s 3
1970’s 8
1980’s 5
1990’s 51
Total 65 32 143 19 8 45 8

Ch=Chamberlin, Ch & I=Chamberlin & Ivie, G=Gertsch, G & D=Gertsch & Davis, G & I=Gertsch & Ivie, G & M=Gertsch & Mulaik, G & W=Gertsch & Wallace
Table 3.
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Collectors of holotypes in Texas.

Year S. Mulaik S. & D. Mulaik L. I. Davis J. R. Reddell Other Unknown Total
earlier 7 2 9
1933 8 3 11
1934 35 1 6 3 45
1935 27 6 4 37
1936 5 10 2 17
1937 2 2 4
1938 1 2 3
1939 2 8 1 11
1940 2 2
1941 1 1 2
1942–48 4 1 5
1950 2 2
1952 4 4
1956–59 5 5
1960 3 3
1961 2 2
1962 2 1 3
1963 12 4 16
1964 8 2 10
1965 4 4
1966 3 1 4
1967–69 1 6 7
1970’s 2 12 14
1980’s 1 12 13
1990’s 3 7 10
2000- 2 9 11
no date 9 11 42 62
Total 88 11 22 38 110 47 316
Table 4.
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Comparison of number of genera and species in this publication versus Vogel (1970b).

This publication Vogel 1970b
Family Number genera Number species Number genera Number species
Atypidae 1 2
Ctenizidae 1 7 1 5
Dipluridae 1 2 1 2
Euctenizidae 3 4 2 2
Theraphosidae 1 18 1 11
Agelenidae 5 15 5 11
Amphinectidae 1 1
Anyphaenidae 5 19 1 2
Araneidae 28 94 17 34
Caponiidae 2 2 2 2
Clubionidae 2 12 2 12
Corinnidae 4 15 1 1
Ctenidae 3 3 1 1
Dictynidae 12 115 11 48
Diguetidae 1 4 1 4
Dysderidae 1 1 1 1
Eutichuridae 2 3 2 2
Filistatidae 3 4 3 4
Gnaphosidae 22 104 15 33
Hahniidae 2 7 1 2
Hersiliidae 1 1 1 1
Leptonetidae 3 21 1 1
Linyphiidae 27 74 12 25
Liocranidae 1 1
Lycosidae 17 86 14 37
Mimetidae 2 7 2 4
Miturgidae 3 3 1 1
Mysmenidae 1 1 1 1
Nephilidae 1 1
Nesticidae 2 8 2 2
Oecobiidae 1 3 1 2
Oonopidae 6 9 5 7
Oxyopidae 3 15 3 12
Philodromidae 6 38 5 13
Pholcidae 10 18 8 12
Phrurolithidae 4 11 3 5
Pisauridae 3 8 2 3
Plectreuridae 1 1
Prodidomidae 1 1 1 1
Salticidae 49 147 32 62
Scytodidae 1 6 1 5
Segestriidae 1 1 1 1
Selenopidae 1 1 1 1
Sicariidae 1 5 1 3
Sparassidae 3 3
Symphytognathidae 1 1
Tetragnathidae 6 17 3 7
Theridiidae 34 96 31 75
Thomisidae 11 45 8 29
Titanoecidae 1 3 1 2
Trachelidae 2 5 1 1
Uloboridae 5 9 4 6
Zoropsidae 2 6 1 3
Total 311 1084 215 499

History of collecting in Texas

General: Some areas of Texas have been heavily collected (Rio Grande Valley, Austin, College Station, Wichita Falls) while many areas remain little collected.

Sampling of counties: Many studies of spiders have been undertaken in Texas. Those based on a particular county include: Brazos (Dean and Sterling 1990, Henderson 2007), Dallas (Jones 1936), Ellis (Hunter 1988), Erath (Agnew et al. 1985), Galveston (Rapp 1984), Nacogdoches (Brown 1974), Potter (Roberts 2001), Smith (Rydzak and Killebrew 1982), Travis (Vincent and Frankie 1985), Walker (Dean and Sterling 1990; Dean et al. 1982), and Wichita (Carpenter 1972). Dean and Sterling (1987) and Gertsch and Mulaik (1940) attempted to study spiders across the state. Broussard and Horner (2006) studied a remote area of western Texas. Salmon and Horner (1977) studied ballooning spiders but did not identify them to species.

Sampling of agroecosystems: Many agroecosystems have been studied: cabbage (Irungu 2007), citrus (Breene et al. 1993a), corn (Knutson and Gilstrap 1989), cotton (Breene et al. 1993c, Dean et al. 1982, Dean and Sterling 1987, Kagan 1943, Pamanes-Guerrero 1975), guar (Rogers and Horner 1977), peanut (Agnew et al. 1985), pecan (Bumroongsook et al. 1992, Calixto et al. 2013, Liao et al. 1984), rice (Woods and Harrel 1976), saltcedar (Knutson et al. 2010), sugarcane (Breene et al. 1993b), wildflowers (Dean and Eger 1986), and woolly croton (Breene et al. 1988).

Cokendolpher et al. (2008) studied playas in the Texas panhandle. Yantis (2005) studied the spiders under trees (pine and post oak) in unmanaged habitats. Quinn (2000) and Wharton et al. (1996) studied the potential prey of the golden-cheeked warbler in juniper, oak and pine.

Jackman et al. (2008) studied the spiders collected from a large web at Lake Tawakoni State Park that received worldwide attention. A website (http://www.texasento.net/Social_Spider.htm) maintains the history of this story and mentions other webs. The major species involved was Tetragnatha guatemalensis O. P.-Cambridge. Two orb-weaver species that contributed to the web included Larinioides cornutus (Clerck) and Metazygia wittfeldae (McCook). A large web was found in 2010 at the Nails Creek Unit of Lake Somerville State Park in Lee County and another one in 2015 at Lakeside Park South in Dallas County. Both of these webs included the same species.

Sampling of families: Studies of specific families of spiders include: Gnaphosidae (Bowen et al. 2004, Zolnerowich and Horner 1985), Salticidae (Carpenter 1972, Hunter 1988), and crab spiders (Cokendolpher et al. 1979, Rydzak and Killebrew 1982).

Miscellaneous sampling: Spiders collected by mud dauber wasps were studied by Dean et al. (1988). A survey of ballooning spiders in east Texas was done by Dean and Sterling (1985, 1990). Reddell (1965, 1970) investigated the cave fauna. More recently, Cokendolpher (2004a), Cokendolpher and Reddell (2001a, b), Reddell and Cokendolpher (2004) have studied the fauna of select caves. Goetze and Flores (2001a, b) sampled spiders in Laredo but only identified them to family. Yantis (2005) sampled two major vegetation types: evergreen forest (pine) versus deciduous woodland (post oak woodland) to examine the influence of vegetation and soil on the occurrence of plant and animal species. In each plot, the percentage of trees was determined and noted here under habitat.

Theses and dissertations on Texas spiders: An online search of colleges and universities in Texas has turned up 46 theses and dissertations on Texas spiders that were identified either as the focus of the study or part of it. That includes 12 different colleges/universities (Lamar University in Beaumont [2], Midwestern State University in Wichita Falls [16], North Texas State University in Denton [1], Southern Methodist University in Dallas [1], Texas A&M University in College Station [13], Texas Tech University in Lubbock [2], Texas A&M International University in Laredo [1], Texas Christian University in Fort Worth [2], University of Houston [1], University of Texas at Arlington [3], University of Texas in Austin [3], and West Texas A&M University at Canyon [1].

Seventeen did not publish their work: Brady 1959, Cate 1992, Hanss 2000, Henderson 2007, Hunter 1988, Irungu 2007, Li 1990, Matelski 1982, Matts 1978, Pamanes-Guerrero 1975, Powell 2014, Quinn 2000, Reddick 1996, Roberts 2001, Trevino 2014, Yantis 2005, and Zaltsberg 1977.

An additional twenty-nine published their work [citation in brackets]: Agnew 1981 [Agnew et al. 1982], Barron 1995 [Barron et al. 1999], Bowen 2002 [Bowen et al. 2004], Breene 1988 [Breene et al. 1988, Breene et al. 1989], Broussard 2002 [Broussard and Horner 2006], Brown 1984 [Cokendolpher and Brown 1985], Bumroongsook 1986 [Bumroongsook et al. 1992], Carpenter 1969 [Carpenter 1972], Cokendolpher 1978 [Cokendolpher et al. 1979], Gann 2014 [Gann et al. 2015], Hamilton 2008 [Hamilton and Craig 2008, Hamilton et al. 2012], Hamilton 2009 [Hamilton et al. 2011], Harwood 1970 [Harwood 1974], Higgins 1988 [Higgins 1989, Higgins 1990, Higgins 1992b, Higgins and McGuinness 1990], Hoffmaster 1983 [Hoffmaster 1985], Horner 1967 [Horner and Stewart 1967], Janowski-Bell 1995 [Janowski-Bell and Horner 1999], Jones 1935 [Jones 1936], Kagan 1942 [Kagan 1943], Knutson 1987 [Knutson and Gilstrap 1989], Liao 1984 [Liao et al. 1984], Pickett 1985 [Pickett and Gilstrap 1986], Pritchett 1904a [Pritchett 1904b], Salmon 1976 [Salmon and Horner 1977], Steffenson 2014 [Steffenson et al. 2014], Tugman 1987 [Tugman et al. 1990], Woods 1974 [Woods and Harrel 1976], Zhang 2002 [Zhang et al. 2004], and Zolnerowich 1983 [Zolnerowich and Horner 1985].

Collectors: Many people have collected spiders in Texas. Among the earliest were Stanley and Dorothea Mulaik who collected many spiders from 1933–1940, mostly from 1934–1935, and holotypes of 99 species. They were counselors at several camps in the summer and Stanley taught at several institutions. They collected spiders, scorpions, turtles, and other small invertebrates mostly from the Rio Grande Valley toward Laredo and were paid a few cents each by the American Museum of Natural History. They moved to Utah in 1939 where Stanley pursued his PhD with Dr. Ralph Chamberlin. He described new taxa of isopods in his dissertation. He taught for many years and he and his wife were involved in several organizations. L. Irby Davis collected mostly in Cameron Co. from 1934–1936 with 22 holotypes collected. He went on to become a noted ornithologist. James Reddell studied cave fauna for many years and collected 38 holotypes from caves from 1962–2001 and an additional 7 species with colleagues, and greatly improved the knowledge of the fauna of Texas caves. The author has collected in more than one-half of Texas counties. A table containing numbers of species by county is in the appendix.

General keys to spiders include Kaston’s (1978) well-illustrated book. Jackman (1997) is a good field guide with color pictures of the more common spiders in Texas. Ubick et al. (2005) is the best illustrated general guide with chapters on all families and genera in the United States. Spiders of Connecticut (Kaston 1981) includes illustrations of species that are hard to find elsewhere.

Lowrie (1987) reported on the distribution and time periods of taxonomists who described spiders from Wisconsin.

Early workers were Europeans who described American species: Baron Charles A. Walckenaer from France (total of 47 species, 19 in 1837 and 22 in 1841), Count Eugen Keyserling from Germany (total of 54 species, 16 in 1880 and 12 in 1884), and others. Octavius P.-Cambridge from England (35 species from 1861–1902) and his nephew F. O. P.-Cambridge from England (15 species from 1899–1904) described many new spiders from Central America.

Twelve countries outside of the United States are represented mostly in the nineteenth century including England-66 species (5 workers), France-83 species (9 workers), and Germany-79 (7 workers). Bonnet (1945, in French) contains biographies of all arachnologists before 1940.

Early workers from America include: Nicholas M. Hentz (total of 98 species from 1821–1850, 11 in 1844, 15 in 1846, 32 in 1847, and 24 in 1850), James H. Emerton (total of 51 species from 1875–1924, 22 in 1882, 5 in 1884, 6 in 1890, and 4 in 1913), George W. and Elizabeth Peckham (total of 41 species from 1883–1909, 10 in 1888, 10 in 1901, and 9 in 1909), and Nathan Banks (total of 85 species from 1892–1926, 10 in 1892, 12 in 1895, 15 in 1896, 13 in 1898, 5 in 1901, and 13 in 1904). Henry C. McCook described 9 species from 1887–1894 and Thomas H. Montgomery described 9 species from 1902–1904.

Later American authors include: Ralph V. Chamberlin (total of 65 species from 1908–1940, 8 in 1919, 11 in 1922, 13 in 1924, 10 in 1936). He collaborated with three authors: Gertsch (11 species), Ivie (32 species from 1933–1945, 8 in 1935, 6 in 1944), and Angus M. Woodbury (3 species in 1929).

Willis J. Gertsch described 143 species from 1932–1992, 9 in 1933, 10 in 1934, 20 in 1935, 17 in 1936, 6 in 1941, 8 in 1974, 5 in 1984, and 51 in 1992. During the 1930’s, he collaborated with L. Irby Davis (19 species, 15 in 1936) and Stanley Mulaik (45 species, 28 in 1936, 17 in 1940). Gertsch also co-authored papers with Allan F. Archer (4 species), Wilton Ivie (8 species), Howard K. Wallace (8 species), Franklin Ennik (2 species), Norman I. Platnick (1 species), and Susan E. Riechert (3 species). Gertsch also collected in many localities in the United States and Mexico.

Herbert W. Levi described 23 species of araneids and theridiids from 1953–2003. Norman I. Platnick described 7 species and 12 with Mohammed Shadab from 1975–1988. James C. Cokendolpher described 9 species and 7 with other authors. Joel Ledford and coauthors described 10 species of leptonetids in 2012.

A total of 316 species were described from Texas and named from the following categories: location (11 city/town, 16 county, 21 state, 10 other); person (16 collector, 7 arachnologist, 40 other); appearance (18 morphology, 6 eyes, 3 color, 2 markings, 10 size); 2 Indian; 9 name of cave; 5 mountains; and 140 miscellaneous. Nine species were named after Stanley and Dorothea Mulaik who collected many spiders from Texas in the 1930’s.

Stanley and Dorothea Mulaik

Counties and number of species collected include: Brewster (1), Brooks (1), Cameron (6), Hays (2), Hidalgo (58), Jeff Davis (1), Jim Wells (1), Kendall (1), Kerr (3), Kleberg (1), Matagorda (1), Randall (1), Starr (7), Terrell (5), Tom Green (1), Val Verde (3), Webb (1), and Zapata (5).

L. Irby Davis

Counties and number of species collected include: Bexar (3), Brewster (1), Cameron (10), Kendall (1), Llano (6), and Travis (1).

J. R. Reddell

Counties and number of species collected include: Bandera (1), Bell (2), Bexar (5), Burnet (1), Childress (1), Coryell (1), Culberson (1), Hays (2), Kendall (1), Medina (2), Menard (1), Real (1), San Saba (2), Sutton (1), Travis (4), Uvalde (4), Val Verde (6), and Williamson (2).

Vogel (1970b) listed 582 species (57 synonyms, 17 are not found in Texas, 5 are nomen dubium, one is undescribed, and three are duplicates) resulting in 499 valid species.

Listing under each species where data is available:

Distribution. general distribution followed by Texas counties in which it occurs

Locality. parks, forests, caves, etc.

Caves

caves by county

Time of activity. month (s) of year males and females were collected, a range in “” is a period with no month specified

Habitat. habitat (divided by category: crops, grass, landscape features, littoral, nest/prey, objects, orchard, plants, soil/woodland, structures, web)

Method. collecting method with sex (m=male, f=female) of spider(s) collected by each method

Eggs/spiderlings. number of eggs found in an eggsac or number of spiderlings found in an eggsac or on a female spider (i.e., collected from pitfall trap)

Type. data on species type specimen

Male/Female. noted if only one sex is known

Etymology. origin of species name

Collection. museums where collection data was obtained

Note. note on location or species

These books (Jaeger 1959, Webster’s New Universal Unabridged Dictionary 1996, Woods 1944) were used to determine etymology not listed in description or revision.

Localities listed as “the Basin” in Brewster Co. are listed here as Chisos Basin.

Collection abbreviations are: JCC (James C. Cokendolpher, personal collection), MSU (Midwestern State University, Wichita Falls), TAMU (Texas A&M University Insect Collection, College Station, part of author’s personal collection has been donated), TMM (Texas Memorial Museum, Austin- now named Texas Natural History Collections), TTU (Texas Tech University, Lubbock), WTAM (West Texas A&M University, Canyon), AMNH (American Museum of Natural History, New York), DMNS (Denver Museum of Nature & Science), FSCA (Florida State Collection of Arthropods, Gainesville), MCZ (Museum of Comparative Zoology, Boston), NMSU (New Mexico State University, Las Cruces), SIUC (Southern Illinois University at Carbondale), and USNM (United States National Museum, Washington, D. C.).

Spiders are divided by suborder, then alphabetical by family, genus and species.

Taxonomy

Suborder Mygalomorphae

Family Antrodiaetidae Gertsch, 1940

Note. species incorrectly reported from Texas

Antrodiaetus robustus (Simon, 1891); Coyle 1971: 345 [disproved Texas as locality (Starr Co.) because specimen was collected by George Marx who was notorious for inaccurate label data]; Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 311; Vogel 1962: 246; Vogel 1970b: 28 [not in Texas]

Brachybothrium robustum Simon, 1891; Petrunkevitch 1911: 52; Roewer 1942: 190

Family Atypidae Thorell, 1870

Genus Sphodros Walckenaer, 1835

Sphodros paisano Gertsch & Platnick, 1980

Sphodros paisanoGertsch and Platnick 1980: 20, f, desc. (figs 30–31); Jackman 1997: 24, 160; Platnick 1986: 140, m, desc. (figs 1–2)

Distribution

Cameron, Travis

Locality

Sabal Palm Audubon Sanctuary

Time of activity

Male (May 31-August 10); female (March)

Type

Mexico, Tamaulipas, Rancho El Milagro, Cruillas

Etymology

Spanish, noun, countryman

Sphodros rufipes (Latreille, 1829)

Sphodros rufipesBradley 2013: 103; Gertsch and Platnick 1980: 21 [S], mf, desc. (figs 2, 5–6, 11–12, 32–36); Jackman 1997: 24, 160

Atypus bicolor Lucas, 1836; Gertsch, 1979: 124

Distribution

Liberty

Time of activity

Female (January)

Type

Pennsylvania, Philadelphia

Etymology

Latin, color

Family Ctenizidae Thorell, 1887

Note. species incorrectly reported from Texas

Bothriocyrtum californicum O. P.-Cambridge, 1874; Banks 1910: 2 [misidentified] [not in Texas]

Genus Ummidia Thorell, 1875

Ummidia absoluta (Gertsch & Mulaik, 1940)

Ummidia absolutaBrignoli 1983: 117 [T]; Jackman 1997: 160

Pachylomerides absolutusGertsch and Mulaik 1940: 311, f, desc. (fig. 10); Vogel 1962: 246; Vogel 1970b: 28

Distribution

Bandera

Time of activity

Female (“July-August”)

Type

Texas (female, Bandera Co., Bandera, July-August 1937, B. Hale, holotype, AMNH)

[male unknown]

Etymology

Latin, easily separated species

Ummidia audouini (Lucas, 1835)

Ummidia audouiniJackman 1997: 160 [Roddy 1957: 286 [T] (figs 5–6)]

Pachylomerides audouini (Lucas, 1835); Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 311; Vogel 1962: 246; Vogel 1970b: 28

Distribution

East Texas

Type

Unknown

Etymology

Person (arachnologist)

Ummidia beatula (Gertsch & Mulaik, 1940)

Ummidia beatulaBrignoli 1983: 117 [T]; Jackman 1997: 160

Pachylomerides beatulusGertsch and Mulaik 1940: 312, f, desc. (fig. 11); Vogel 1962: 246; Vogel 1970b: 29

Distribution

Dallas

Time of activity

Female (December)

Type

Texas (female, Dallas Co., 5–6 miles S Dallas, December 1937, J. C. Sanders, holotype, AMNH)

[male unknown]

Etymology

Latin, fine spider

Ummidia celsa (Gertsch & Mulaik, 1940)

Ummidia celsaBrignoli 1983: 117 [T]; Jackman 1997: 160

Pachylomerides celsus Gertsch and Mulaik, 1940; Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 313, m, desc. (figs 14–15) [see note below]; Vogel 1962: 246; Vogel 1970b: 29

Distribution

Zapata

Time of activity

Male (August)

Type

Texas (male, Zapata Co., 32 miles SW Laredo, August 4, 1935, S. Mulaik, holotype)

[female unknown]

Etymology

Latin, chelicerae nearly black, prominent, rugose

Note

32 miles SW Laredo should be 32 miles SE Laredo in Zapata Co. based on other records from this date.

Ummidia funerea (Gertsch, 1936)

Ummidia funereaPlatnick 2000 [spelling]

Pachylomerus funereus Gertsch, 1936; Bonnet 1958: 3291; Gertsch 1936: 1, m, desc. (figs 1–2)

Pachylomerides funereus (Gertsch, 1936); Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 312 [T]; Roewer 1942: 149; Vogel 1962: 246; Vogel 1970b: 29.

Ummidia funereus (Gertsch, 1936); Jackman 1997: 160; Roewer 1955: 1712 [T]

Distribution

Hidalgo, Webb, Wichita

Time of activity

Male (April – June, September)

Type

Texas (male, Hidalgo Co., Edinburg, June 1, 1935, S. Mulaik, holotype, AMNH)

[female unknown]

Etymology

Latin, funereal

Collection

MSU

Ummidia pygmaea (Chamberlin & Ivie, 1945)

Ummidia pygmaeaBrignoli 1983: 117 [T]

Pachylomerides pygmaeus Chamberlin and Ivie 1945 [Chamberlin and Ivie 1945a: 558, m, desc. (figs 11–12)]

Distribution

Wichita

Type

Oklahoma, Eagletown

Etymology

Latin, pygmy

Collection

MSU

Ummidia tuobita (Chamberlin, 1917)

Ummidia tuobitaPlatnick 1998: 123 [T]

Pachylomerus tuobitus Chamberlin, 1917 [Chamberlin 1917: 33, m, desc. (pl. 1, figs 6–8)]

Pachylomerides tuobitus (Chamberlin, 1917) [Chamberlin and Ivie 1945a: 556, mf (figs 13–15)]

Distribution

Brewster

Type

Illinois

Etymology

Latin, a tube

Collection

MSU

Family Dipluridae Simon, 1889

Genus Euagrus Ausserer, 1875

Euagrus chisoseus Gertsch, 1939

Euagrus chisoseusCoyle 1988: 267 [S], mf, desc. (figs 24–26, 39–43, 50, 223–251); Gertsch 1939b: 21, desc.; Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 308, m (fig. 9); Jackman 1997: 27, 160; Taber and Fleenor 2003: 239; Vogel 1962: 247; Vogel 1970b: 29

Euagrus ravenus Gertsch & Mulaik, 1940; Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 308, mf, desc. (figs 8, 13); Reddell 1970: 405; Vogel 1962: 247; Vogel 1970b: 29

Euagrus apacheus Gertsch & Mulaik, 1940; Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 309, mf, desc. (figs 7, 12); Vogel 1962: 247; Vogel 1970b: 29

Distribution

Central and west Texas; Bandera, Bastrop, Bell, Bexar, Blanco, Brewster, Burnet, Comal, Crockett, Culberson, Edwards, Hays, Jeff Davis, Kendall, Kerr, Kimble, Llano, Presidio, Sutton, Terrell, Travis, Uvalde, Wichita

Locality

Bastrop State Park, Big Bend National Park, Big Bend Ranch State Park, Chisos Basin, Chisos Mountains, Davis Mountains, Guadalupe Mountains National Park, Inks Lake State Park, Lake Travis, Mo Ranch, Pedernales Falls State Park, Raven Ranch, Travis Park, Zilker Park

Caves

Edwards (Punkin Cave)

Time of activity

Male (March – October, December); female (February – December)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave, crevices in steep road bank, under [rock, stone, stones at edge of limestone creek in disturbed area]); (littoral: by creek at light, creek); (soil/woodland: oak woods, oak-juniper woods, oak-pine litter, under log); (web: tubular-maze webs in crevices in steep road bank, web in duff covered ravine bank)

Method

Berlese funnel [f]; carrion trap [m]

Type

Texas (male, Brewster Co., Chisos Mountains, Chisos Basin, August 2, 1938, no collector, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

locality (mountains)

Collection

MSU, NMSU, TMM, TTU

Euagrus comstocki Gertsch, 1935

Euagrus comstockiBradley 2013: 122; Coyle 1988: 273, mf, desc. (figs 252–259) [see note below]; Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 309 [see note below]; Jackman 1997: 27, 160, desc.; Kaston 1953: 33, desc. (fig. 62); Kaston 1972: 65, desc. (fig. 150); Kaston 1978: 68, desc. (figs 165–167); Roewer 1942: 203; Taber and Fleenor 2003: 240; Vogel 1970b: 29

Evagrus comstocki Gertsch, 1935; Bonnet 1956: 1848; Comstock 1940: 246, desc.; Gertsch 1935a: 3, mf, desc. (figs 2, 7–8) [Terrell & Travis Co. are E. chisoseus]

Distribution

Hidalgo, Starr, Webb, Zapata

Time of activity

Male (March – April, September, November); female (January, March – April, June – July, September – November)

Habitat

(soil/woodland: under shrub)

Type

Texas (male, Hidalgo Co., Edinburg, November 11, 1934, S. Mulaik, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Person (arachnologist)

Note

32 miles E Laredo and 32 miles SW Laredo should be 32 miles SE Laredo in Zapata Co. based on other records from this date.

Family Euctenizidae Raven, 1985

Note.genera transferred from Cyrtaucheniidae by Bond & Hedin, in Bond et al. 2012: 8

Genus Entychides Simon, 1888

Entychides arizonicus Gertsch & Wallace, 1936

Entychides arizonicusBond 2005: 47

Eutychides arizonicus Gertsch & Wallace, 1936 [Gertsch and Wallace 1936: 20, m, desc. (figs 26–31)]

Entychides arizonica Gertsch & Wallace, 1936; Bond and Opell 2002: 516, f, desc. (figs 12A–B)

Distribution

Archer, Bell, Brazos, Brewster, Brown, Erath, San Patricio, Travis, Wichita.

Locality

Big Bend National Park, Chisos Basin, Lick Creek Park

Time of activity

Male (January, April, August – October, December); female (March, December)

Method

Flight intercept trap on ground [m]

Type

Arizona, Santa Catalina Mountains, Sabino Basin

Etymology

locality (state)

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Genus Eucteniza Ausserer, 1875

Eucteniza relata (O. P.-Cambridge, 1895)

Eucteniza relataBond and Godwin 2013: 45 [S], mf, desc. (figs 23–30)

Astrosoga rex Chamberlin, 1940; Brignoli 1983: 111; Chamberlin 1940b: 5, m, desc.; Chamberlin and Ivie 1945a: 556, m, desc. (figs 8–10); Gertsch 1979: 109; Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 310; Reddell 1965: 170; Vogel 1962: 246; Vogel 1970b: 28

Eucteniza rex (Chamberlin, 1940); Bond 2005: 46, 47; Bond and Hedin 2006: 81; Bond and Opell 2002: 495, 509 [T], 511, 534 (figs 8A-E); Jackman 1997: 160

Myrmekiaphila comstocki Bishop & Crosby, 1926; Gertsch 1935a: 3, f (fig. 3) [misidentified, see Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 310]

Astrosoga stolida Gertsch & Mulaik, 1940; Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 310, mf, desc. (figs 1–4, 26); Vogel 1962: 246

Astrosoga solida Gertsch & Mulaik, 1940; Vogel 1970b: 28

Eucteniza stolida (Gertsch & Mulaik, 1940); Bond 2005: 46, 47; Bond and Opell 2002: 495, 513 [T], 534; Jackman 1997: 160

Distribution

Atascosa, Bastrop, Bell, Bexar, Dimmit, Duval, Hidalgo, Houston, Kendall, Kenedy, Kerr, Kleberg, La Salle, Midland, Nueces, Sabine, San Patricio, Starr, Sutton, Travis, Ward, Webb, Zapata

Locality

Bastrop State Park, Raven Ranch

Caves

Travis (Austin Caverns)

Time of activity

Male (January – February, June – July, September – December); female (February – September, November – December)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave)

Type

Mexico, Amula in Guerrero

Etymology

Latin, returned

Collection

MSU, TAMU, TMM

Eucteniza ronnewtoni Bond & Godwin, 2013

Eucteniza ronnewtoniBond and Godwin 2013: 57, m, desc. (figs 58–63)

Distribution

Brewster, Val Verde

Time of activity

Male (September – October)

Habitat

(landscape features: on rocks)

Type

Texas (male, Val Verde Co., at bridge on Pecos River, September 2, 1968, J. A. Brubaker, F. J. Moore, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Person (The specific epithet is a patronym in honor of Dr. Ronald Newton, biologist and Texas native, Bond and Godwin 2013).

Genus Myrmekiaphila Atkinson, 1886

Myrmekiaphila comstocki Bishop & Crosby, 1926

Myrmekiaphila comstockiBishop and Crosby 1926: 168, m, desc. (figs 7–8); Bond and Opell 2002: 495; Bond and Platnick 2007: 11, mf, desc. (figs 5, 15, 25, 41–47) [see note below]; Bradley 2013: 114; Gertsch 1935a: 3, f (fig. 3); Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 310; Jackman 1997: 160; Roewer 1942: 168; Vogel 1970b: 28

Myrmekiaphila fluviatilis (Hentz, 1850); Bishop and Crosby 1926: 166; Gertsch 1935a: 3; Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 310; Henderson 2007: 37, 52–54, 74–76, 79, 82; Jackman 1997: 160; Kaston 1953: 60, desc. (fig. 142); Vogel 1970b: 28; Yantis 2005: 66, 197, 201 [all misidentified]

Myrmeciophila fluviatilis (Hentz, 1850); Comstock 1912: 239; Comstock 1940: 234 [misidentified]

Myrmeciophila comstocki Bishop & Crosby, 1926; Brown 1974: 233

Distribution

Brazos, Cherokee, Clay, Coryell, Grimes, Hardeman, Hidalgo, Houston, Hunt, Kimble, Kleberg, Leon, Madison, Montague, Nacogdoches, Travis, Trinity, Walker, Wichita

Locality

Lick Creek Park, Riley Estate

Time of activity

Male (February – May, October – November); female (April, May, July)

Habitat

(grass: sandy grassland, short grass); (littoral: sandy area, sandy by water); (soil/woodland: disturbed habitat, pine woods [%: 66, 82, 86, 97], post oak savanna with pasture, post oak woodland, post oak woods [%: 41, 49, 56, 74, 77, 82, 84, 92, 96], upland woods); (structures: front porch, under newspaper in garage)

Method

5 gallon bucket trap [m]; pitfall trap [m]

Type

Texas (male, Travis Co., Austin, March 12-18, 1903, J. H. Comstock, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Person (collector)

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Note

Palp keys out to M. foliata Atkinson, 1886 because the distal dilation of metatarsus I is large (see fig. 14 in Bond and Platnick 2007) and the embolus is thick. However, specimens from Texas that were not seen for their revision have the distal dilation large but is M. comstocki. This is based on a Texas population (from several counties) not seen in their revision (Bond and Platnick, pers. comm.).

Family Nemesiidae Simon, 1889

Note. species incorrectly reported from Texas

Brachythele longitarsis Simon, 1891; Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 310 [Webb Co., recorded by G. Marx]; Petrunkevitch 1911: 53; Roewer 1942: 197; Simon 1891: 319; Smith 1908: 226; Vogel 1970b: 29 [not in Texas]

Family Theraphosidae Thorell, 1869

Note. species incorrectly reported from Texas

Aphonopelma seemanni (Ausserer, 1875) [not in Texas]

Eurypelma seemanni Ausserer, 1875; Petrunkevitch 1911: 64; Roewer 1942: 241

nomen dubium

Aphonopelma californicum Ausserer, 1871; Prentice 1997: 147 [T]

Eurypelma californicum Ausserer, 1871; Banks 1910: 4; Comstock 1912: 245; Comstock 1940: 243; Roewer 1942: 239

Aphonopelma pseudoroseum (Strand, 1907); Breene et al. 1996: 22, 23; Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 314 [T]; Jackman 1997: 160; Prentice 1997: 147 [T]; Smith 1995: 131; Vogel 1962: 248; Vogel 1970b: 29

Eurypelma pseudoroseum Strand, 1907; Banks 1910: 4; Roewer 1942: 241

Delopelma pseudoroseum (Strand, 1907); Bonnet 1956: 1383

Tapinauchenius texensis Simon, 1891; Banks 1910: 4; Bonnet 1959: 4240; Breene et al. 1996: 14; Comstock 1912: 246; Comstock 1940: 244; Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 314 [Maverick Co. by Marx]; Petrunkevitch 1911: 91; Roewer 1942: 257; Vogel 1970b: 29

Genus Aphonopelma Pocock, 1901

Aphonopelma anax (Chamberlin, 1940)

Aphonopelma anaxBreene et al. 1996: 16, 23; Jackman 1997: 160; Smith 1995: 71 [T], mf, desc. (figs 83–100)

Dugesiella anax Chamberlin, 1940; Chamberlin 1940a: 34, mf, desc.; Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 315; McCoy and Clapper 1979: 450; Vogel 1962: 249; Vogel 1970b: 29

Distribution

Cameron, Kleberg, Zapata

Locality

Falcon International Reservoir

Type

Texas (male, Kleberg Co., Kingsville, no date, J. C. Cross, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Greek, regal

Collection

DMNS

Aphonopelma armada (Chamberlin, 1940)

Aphonopelma armadaBreene et al. 1996: 16, 23; Jackman 1997: 160; Smith 1995: 74 [T], f, desc. (figs 118–123)

Dugesiella armada Chamberlin, 1940; Chamberlin 1940a: 32, f, desc.; Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 315; Vogel 1962: 249; Vogel 1970b: 29

Distribution

Travis

Time of activity

Female (September)

Type

Texas (female, Travis Co., Austin, September 1909, A. Petrunkevitch, holotype, AMNH)

[male unknown]

Etymology

Latin, character of armature of coxae

Aphonopelma arnoldi Smith, 1995

Aphonopelma arnoldiBreene et al. 1996: 17, 23; Jackman 1997: 160; Smith 1995: 74, m, desc. (figs 124–134)

Distribution

Crosby

Time of activity

Male (June)

Type

Texas (male, Crosby Co., Crosbyton, June 17, 1963, P. Keathley, holotype, Oklahoma State University)

[female unknown]

Etymology

Person (Named after D. C. Arnold of the Oklahoma State University Entomology Department, Smith 1995).

Aphonopelma breenei Smith, 1995

Aphonopelma breeneiBreene et al. 1996: 17, 23; Jackman 1997: 160; Smith 1995: 78, f, desc. (figs 151–158)

Distribution

Cameron

Time of activity

Female (November)

Type

Texas (female, Cameron Co., Harlingen, November 1939, B. Brown, holotype, AMNH)

[male unknown]

Etymology

Person (Named after the late Dr. Robert Breene who with Barbara Moore founded the American Tarantula Society in 1991, Smith 1995).

Aphonopelma clarki Smith, 1995

Aphonopelma clarkiBreene et al. 1996: 18, 23; Jackman 1997: 160; Smith 1995: 87, mf, desc. (figs 211–230)

Distribution

Dallas

Time of activity

Female (January)

Type

Texas (female, Dallas Co., Dallas, January 25, 1959, H. J. Berman, holotype, BMNH)

Etymology

Person (Named after the late Douglas John Clark, curator of arachnology, BMNH, [1931–1971] who died at the tragically young age of 41. A theraphosid enthusiast, he had many live tarantulas in his office. Over the years, as I have worked through the specimen jars, one by one, I have often found him there before me, Smith 1995)

Aphonopelma echinum (Chamberlin, 1940)

Aphonopelma echinum [Smith 1995: 96 [T], m, desc. (figs 289–298)]

Dugesiella echina Chamberlin, 1940; Punzo 1991: 277 [Chamberlin 1940a: 36, m, desc.]

Distribution

Brewster, Kerr, Presidio

Locality

Big Bend National [State] Park

Time of activity

Male (March, November)

Type

Colorado, Arkansas Valley

[female unknown]

Etymology

Greek, spiny, hedge-hog like

Collection

MSU

Aphonopelma gurleyi Smith, 1995

Aphonopelma gurleyiBreene et al. 1996: 18, 23; Jackman 1997: 160; Smith 1995: 104, m, desc. (figs 359–367)

Distribution

Cooke

Type

Texas (male, Cooke Co., Sherman, Moss Lake, no date, R. Gurley, BMNH)

[female unknown]

Etymology

Person (Named after the collector, amateur entomologist/arachnologist and naturalist, Russ Gurley, Smith 1995).

Aphonopelma harlingenum (Chamberlin, 1940)

Aphonopelma harlingenumBreene et al. 1996: 19, 23; Smith 1995: 106 [T], f, desc. (figs 378–383)

Dugesiella harlingena Chamberlin, 1940; Chamberlin 1940a: 37, f, desc.; Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 315; Vogel 1962: 249

Dugesiella harlingen (Chamberlin, 1940); Vogel 1970b: 29

Aphonopelma harlingena (Chamberlin, 1940); Cokendolpher 1993: 39; Jackman 1997: 160

Distribution

Cameron, Hidalgo

Type

Texas (female, Cameron Co., Harlingen, no date, B. Brown, holotype, AMNH)

[male unknown]

Etymology

locality (city)

Aphonopelma hentzi (Girard, 1852)

Aphonopelma hentziBreene et al. 1996: 22, 23; Cokendolpher et al. 2008: 10, 52, (photos 37–38); Jackman 1997: 160; Janowski-Bell and Horner 1999: 504; Roberts 2001: 48 [Smith 1995: 107 [T], mf, desc. (figs 393–411)]

Mygale hentzii Girard, 1852; Lincecum 1867a: 138; Lincecum 1867b: 409

Eurypelma hentzii (Girard, 1852); Banks 1892: 148; Marx 1890: 502; Rau 1925: 1

Eurypelma hentzi (Girard, 1852); Jones 1936: 69

Dugesiella hentzi (Girard, 1852); Bonnet 1956: 1612; Brown 1974: 237; Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 315; Petrunkevitch 1911: 60; Roewer 1942: 238; Vogel 1970b: 29

Rhechostica hentzi (Girard, 1852); Formanowicz and Ducey 1991: 2916

Distribution

Archer, Brown, Carson, Clay, Dallas, Nacogdoches, Potter, Starr, Taylor, Travis, Wichita, Wilbarger

Locality

Pantex Lake, Wildcat Bluff Nature Center, W. J. Wagoneer Estate

Time of activity

Male (June – September); female (April – June, September – October, December)

Habitat

(grass: grassland); (landscape features: under rock); (littoral: near playa); (structures: lawn, service station)

Type

unknown

Etymology

Person (arachnologist)

Collection

MSU, TTU

Aphonopelma heterops Chamberlin, 1940

Aphonopelma heteropsBreene et al. 1996: 19, 23; Chamberlin 1940a: 29, f, desc.; Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 314; Jackman 1997: 160; Smith 1995: 113, f, desc. (figs 416–422); Vogel 1962: 248; Vogel 1970b: 29

Distribution

Hidalgo

Time of activity

Female (“September-December”)

Type

Texas (female, Hidalgo Co., Edinburg, September-December, 1933, S. Mulaik, holotype, AMNH)

[male unknown]

Etymology

Greek, different, mixed (heter-) + eyes (-ops)

Aphonopelma hollyi Smith, 1995

Aphonopelma hollyiBreene et al. 1996: 20, 23; Jackman 1997: 160; Smith 1995: 114, m, desc. (figs 423–434)

Distribution

Lubbock

Time of activity

Male (August)

Type

Texas (male, Lubbock Co., Lubbock, August 1981, C. Moody, holotype, Oklahoma State University)

[female unknown]

Etymology

Person (Named after the singer Buddy Holly who was born in Lubbock, Smith 1995).

Aphonopelma marxi (Simon, 1891)

Aphonopelma marxiPrentice 1997: 147 [S, T]

Eurypelma marxi Simon, 1891; Gertsch 1935a: 4; Roewer 1942: 240 [Petrunkevitch 1929: 517, m, desc. (fig. 13)]

Aphonopelma simulatum Chamberlin & Ivie, 1939; Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 314; Vogel 1962: 248; Vogel 1970b: 29

Distribution

Hidalgo

Type

unknown

[female unknown]

Etymology

Person (arachnologist)

Note

Smith 1995: 119, 120 does not believe it is this species.

Aphonopelma moderatum (Chamberlin & Ivie, 1939)

Aphonopelma moderatumBradley 2013: 222; Breene et al. 1996: 20, 23; Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 314 [T] [see note below]; Jackman 1997: 160; Smith 1995: 122, m, desc. (figs 500–507); Vogel 1962: 248

Delopelma moderatum Chamberlin & Ivie, 1939; Bonnet 1956: 1382; Chamberlin and Ivie 1939: 9, m, desc. (fig. 5); Vogel 1962: 249

Delopelma modoratum Chamberlin & Ivie, 1939; Vogel 1970b: 29

Distribution

Maverick, Starr, Zapata

Time of activity

Male (March, May); female (September)

Type

Texas (male, Starr Co., 5 miles E Rio Grande City, May 1, 1937, S. Mulaik, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Latin, moderate

Collection

DMNS

Note

32 miles SW Laredo should be 32 miles SE Laredo in Zapata Co. based on other records from this date.

Aphonopelma mordax (Ausserer, 1871)

Aphonopelma mordaxSmith 1995: 124 [T], f, desc. (figs 518–523)

Eurypelma mordax Ausserer, 1871; Ausserer 1871: 211, m, desc. (fig. 14); Marx 1890: 502

Distribution

Texas

Type

unknown

[male unknown]

Etymology

Latin, biting

Aphonopelma rusticum (Simon, 1891)

Aphonopelma rusticumPlatnick 1993: 100 [T]; Vogel 1970b: 29 [Smith 1995: 137, m, desc. (figs 650–659)]

Eurypelma rusticum Simon, 1891; F. O. P.-Cambridge 1897: 24, m (pl. 1, figs 20–20a); Petrunkevitch 1911: 64; Roewer 1942: 241

Distribution

Texas

Type

Mexico

[female unknown]

Etymology

Latin, rusty abdominal color

Aphonopelma steindachneri (Ausserer, 1875)

Aphonopelma steindachneriBreene et al. 1996: 21, 23; Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 314 [T]; Jackman 1997: 160; Punzo 2007: 66; Smith 1995: 147, m, desc. (figs 744–753); Vogel 1962: 248; Vogel 1970b: 29

Eurypelma steindachneri Ausserer, 1875; Ausserer 1875: 199, mf, desc. (figs 43–44); Comstock 1912: 245, desc.; Comstock 1940: 243, desc.; Gertsch 1939b: 21; Petrunkevitch 1911: 65

Distribution

Brewster, Dallas, Pecos

Locality

Big Bend National Park, Chisos Basin, Chisos Mountains

Type

unknown

Etymology

Person

Collection

MCZ

Note

Hamilton et al. (2011) stated that this species occurs only in California.

Aphonopelma texense (Simon, 1891)

Aphonopelma texenseBreene et al. 1996: 21, 23; Pérez-Miles et al. 1996: 42, m (fig. 7); Platnick 1998: 151 [spelling]; Smith 1995: 152 [T]

Eurypelma texense Simon, 1891; Banks 1910: 4

Rhechostica texense (Simon, 1891); Comstock 1912: 243, desc.; Comstock 1940: 241, desc; Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 314 [record by Marx]

Rhechostica texensis (Simon, 1891); Bonnet 1958: 3855; Petrunkevitch 1911: 87; Roewer 1942: 245; Vogel 1970b: 29

Aphonopelma texensis (Simon, 1891); Jackman 1997: 160; Smith 1995: 152 [T], m, desc. (figs 791–799)

Distribution

Maverick, Starr, Zapata

Type

Texas (male, no location, 1880’s, G. Marx, holotype, USNM)

[female unknown]

Etymology

locality (state)

Aphonopelma waconum (Chamberlin, 1940)

Aphonopelma waconumBreene et al. 1996: 22, 23; Jackman 1997: 160; Smith 1995: 156 [T], m, desc. (figs 832a–832i)

Dugesiella wacona Chamberlin, 1940; Chamberlin 1940a: 38, m, desc.; Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 315; Vogel 1962: 249; Vogel 1970b: 29

Distribution

McLennan

Time of activity

Male (July)

Type

Texas (male, McLennan Co., Waco, July 5, 1931, no collector, holotype, AMNH)

[female unknown]

Etymology

locality (city)

Suborder Araneomorphae

Family Agelenidae C. L. Koch, 1837

Genus Agelenopsis Giebel, 1869

Agelenopsis aleenae Chamberlin & Ivie, 1935

Agelenopsis aleenaeAyoub et al. 2005: 44; Guarisco 2014: 82, f, desc.; Jackman 1997: 160; Reddell 1965: 168; Reddell 1973: 41; Vogel 1970b: 2; Whitman-Zai et al. 2015: 12, mf, desc. (figs 1–2)

Distribution

Blanco, Briscoe, Clay, Dallas, Howard, Jeff Davis, Llano, San Saba

Locality

Caprock Canyons State Park, Davis Mountains Resort, Lake Arrowhead State Park

Caves

San Saba (Dove Cave)

Time of activity

Male (May, October); female (September)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave); (soil/woodland: saltcedar)

Method

Malaise trap [f]

Type

New Mexico, Suwanee

Etymology

Person (Named for Aleen Ivie, wife of arachnologist Wilton Ivie, who collected the specimen, Whitman-Zai et al. 2015).

Collection

NMSU, TAMU, TMM

Agelenopsis aperta (Gertsch, 1934)

Agelenopsis apertaAyoub and Riechert 2004: 3465; Ayoub et al. 2005: 44; Bradley 2013: 65; Cokendolpher and Reddell 2001b: 36; Jackman 1997: 160; Kaston 1978: 170; Maupin and Riechert 2001: 570; Reddell 1965: 168; Reddell and Cokendolpher 2004: 76; Reddell and Finch 1963: 50; Riechert 1993: 344; Roewer 1955: 41; Roth and Brown 1986: 4 [S]; Vogel 1970b: 2; Whitman-Zai et al. 2015: 13, mf, desc. (figs 23–24, 41, 56–57)

Agelena aperta Gertsch, 1934; Gertsch 1934d: 25, mf, desc. (fig. 10); Jones 1936: 69

Agelenopsis apertus (Gertsch, 1934); Gertsch 1939b: 25 [T]

Agelenopsis aperta guttata Chamberlin & Ivie, 1941; Chamberlin and Ivie 1941: 595, mf, desc. (fig. 22); Jackman 1997: 160; Roewer 1955: 41; Vogel 1967: 4; Vogel 1970b: 2

Distribution

Bandera, Bastrop, Bell, Bexar, Blanco, Brazos, Brewster, Burleson, Dallas, Edwards, El Paso, Fort Bend, Hidalgo, Kerr, Liberty, Pecos, Randall, Reeves, San Patricio, Tom Green, Travis, Uvalde, Val Verde, Walker, Wichita, Williamson

Locality

Amistad National Recreational Area, Chisos Basin, Chisos Mountains, Fort Hood, Lick Creek Park, Palo Duro Canyon State Park, Raven Ranch

Caves

Bell (Rock Ring Sink [Fort Hood]); Bexar (Cave of the Half-Snake, Logan’s Cave); Travis (Root Cave); Williamson (Three-Mile Cave)

Time of activity

Male (May – September); female (June – December)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave); (littoral: grassy field, near water, palmetto-cypress swamp); (soil/woodland: upland deciduous forest)

Method

Flight intercept trap on ground [m]; pitfall trap [f]

Type

Colorado, east of Boulder, Valmont Buttes

Etymology

Latin, opened

Collection

DMNS, MCZ, TAMU, TMM

Agelenopsis emertoni Chamberlin & Ivie, 1935

Agelenopsis emertoniAyoub et al. 2005: 44; Chamberlin and Ivie 1935b: 33, m, desc. (fig. 110); Chamberlin and Ivie 1941: 593, mf, desc. (figs 5, 28, 30); Guarisco 2008b: 5; Henderson 2007: 52, 76, 79, 82; Jackman 1997: 160; Roewer 1955: 41; Roth and Brown 1986: 5; Vogel 1967: 4; Vogel 1970b: 2; Whitman-Zai et al. 2015: 14, mf, desc. (figs 25–26, 42, 58); Yantis 2005: 66, 196, 199

Agelenopsis aperta (Gertsch, 1934); Yantis 2005: 196, 199 [misidentified]

Agelenopsis sp. nr emertoni Chamberlin & Ivie, 1935; Jackman et al. 2007: 199 [misidentified]

Agelenopsis sp. nr pennsylvanica (C. L. Koch, 1843); Henderson 2007: 55, 76, 79, 82 [misidentified]

Distribution

Anderson, Bastrop, Bell, Brazos, Burleson, Dallas, Grayson, Grimes, Houston, Hunt, Leon, McLennan, Madison, Nueces, San Patricio, Trinity, Walker, Wichita

Locality

Lake Tawakoni State Park, Lick Creek Park, Welder Wildlife Refuge, White Rock Lake

Time of activity

Male (April, July – November); female (April – June, August – October)

Habitat

(grass: grass); (littoral: moist salt beach); (soil/woodland: disturbed habitat, forest, pine woods [%: 60, 66, 69, 77, 80, 84, 86, 95, 97], post oak savanna with pasture, post oak woods [%: 60, 76, 82, 85, 93, 100], sandy area, sandy brushland, upland woods); (web: large spider web)

Method

5 gallon bucket trap [mf]; beating [mf]; pitfall trap [mf]

Type

Texas (male, Bell Co., Belton, September 1, 1933, W. Ivie, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Person (Named for arachnologist James H. Emerton, Whitman-Zai et al. 2015).

Collection

DMNS, MCZ, MSU, TAMU

Agelenopsis kastoni Chamberlin & Ivie, 1941

Agelenopsis kastoniYantis 2005: 66, 196, 199 [Whitman-Zai et al. 2015: 15, mf, desc. (figs 19–20, 39, 54)]

Distribution

Cherokee, Grimes, Harris, Leon, Madison, Rusk, Sabine, Trinity, Tyler, Walker

Locality

Kirby State Forest

Time of activity

Male (March 26-April 4, April, April 24-May 3)

Habitat

(soil/woodland: beech-magnolia forest, pine woods [%: 66, 86, 97], post oak woods [%: 49, 71, 91, 92, 94, 96])

Method

5 gallon bucket trap [m]; flight intercept trap/malaise trap [m]; flight intercept trap on ground [m]; malaise trap [m]

Type

Connecticut, Haddam

Etymology

Person (Named for arachnologist Benjamin J. Kaston who collected the holotype, Whitman-Zai et al. 2015).

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Agelenopsis longistyla (Banks, 1901)

Agelenopsis longistylaPlatnick 1998: 618 [spelling]; Whitman-Zai et al. 2015: 16, mf, desc. (figs 15–16, 40, 65)

Agelenopsis longistylus (Banks, 1901); Chamberlin and Ivie 1941: 592, mf, desc. (figs 10, 20, 33); Jackman 1997: 160; Roewer 1955: 42; Vogel 1970b: 2

Distribution

McCulloch, Oldham

Time of activity

Female (September – October)

Type

New Mexico, White Mountains

Etymology

Latin, long stylus on palp

Agelenopsis naevia (Walckenaer, 1841)

Agelenopsis naeviaAyoub et al. 2005: 44; Broussard and Horner 2006: 253; Brown 1974: 231; Chamberlin and Ivie 1941: 597, mf, desc. (figs 9, 25, 36); Jackman 1997: 93, desc., 160 (photo 24b); Kaston 1953: 131, desc.; Kaston 1972: 178, desc.; Kaston 1978: 169, desc.; Knutson et al. 2010: 515; Richman et al. 2011a: 47; Roth and Brown 1986: 5 [T]; Vogel 1970b: 2; Whitman-Zai et al. 2015: 16, mf, desc. (figs 21–22, 33, 48); Yantis 2005: 66, 196, 199

Agelena naevia Walckenaer, 1841; Jones 1936: 69

Distribution

Anderson, Angelina, Bastrop, Brazos, Brown, Dallas, Fort Bend, Grimes, Henderson, Hidalgo, Houston, Howard, Jeff Davis, Leon, Madison, Montgomery, Nacogdoches, Polk, Presidio, Rusk, Smith, Walker, Waller, Wichita, Wise

Locality

Chihuahuan desert, Dalquest Research Site, Decker’s Prairie, Lick Creek Park, Santa Ana National Wildlife Refuge, Texas A&M University Rangeland Area

Time of activity

Male (March – July, October); female (February – March, June – October)

Habitat

(grass: short grass); (landscape features: under rock); (soil/woodland: pine woods [%: 73, 74, 77, 80, 83, 100], post oak woods [%: 48, 70, 75, 76, 80, 85, 90, 100], saltcedar, tree bark); (web: base of house in web, web across creek bed)

Method

5 gallon bucket trap [mf]; pitfall trap [m]

Type

Georgia

Etymology

Latin, spotted

Collection

DMNS, MCZ, MSU, NMSU, TAMU

Agelenopsis oklahoma (Gertsch, 1936)

Agelenopsis oklahomaAyoub et al. 2005: 44 [Whitman-Zai et al. 2015: 17, mf, desc. (figs 17–18, 38, 53)]

Agelenopsis sp. nr oklahoma (Gertsch, 1936); Henderson 2007: 53, 76, 79, 82 [misidentified]

Distribution

Brazos, Clay

Locality

Lake Arrowhead State Park, Lick Creek Park

Time of activity

Male (April)

Habitat

(soil/woodland: upland woods)

Method

pitfall trap [m]

Type

Oklahoma, Stillwater

Etymology

locality (Named for the state from which the species was described, Whitman-Zai et al. 2015).

Collection

TAMU

Agelenopsis spatula Chamberlin & Ivie, 1935

Agelenopsis spatulaAgnew et al. 1985: 4, 9; Ayoub et al. 2005: 45; Chamberlin and Ivie 1935b: 32, mf, desc. (fig. 109); Chamberlin and Ivie 1941: 596, mf, desc. (figs 6, 26, 32); Jackman 1997: 160; Roewer 1955: 43; Vogel 1970b: 2; Whitman-Zai et al. 2015: 21, mf, desc. (figs 13–14, 35, 50); Yantis 2005: 196; Young and Edwards 1990: 14

Agelena spathula (Chamberlin & Ivie, 1935); Bonnet 1955: 201

Distribution

Archer, Brazos, Briscoe, Clay, Dallam, Erath, Frio, Houston, Liberty, Roberts, Travis, Wichita, Williamson

Locality

Caprock Canyons State Park, Lake Kickapoo

Time of activity

Male (September – October); female (February, May, September – November)

Habitat

(crops: peanuts); (grass: short grass); (littoral: rocks near water, under rock); (soil/woodland: on ground, pine woods [%: 88])

Method

5 gallon bucket trap [f]; pitfall trap [mf]

Type

Texas (male, Wichita Co., Wichita Falls, September 3, 1933, W. Ivie, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Latin, spoon shaped palp

Collection

DMNS, MCZ, MSU, TAMU

Genus Barronopsis Chamberlin & Ivie, 1941

Barronopsis texana (Gertsch, 1934)

Barronopsis texanaAyoub et al. 2005: 45; Guarisco 2008b: 5; Jackman 1997: 160; Lehtinen 1967: 218 [T]; Roth and Brown 1986: 5; Stocks 2009: 17, mf, desc. (figs 2, 5, 16, 18–23, 48, 55–59); Yantis 2005: 196

Agelena texana Gertsch, 1934; Bonnet 1955: 202; Gertsch 1934d: 24, m, desc.; Jones 1936: 69

Agelenopsis texana (Gertsch, 1934); Brown 1974: 231; Chamberlin and Ivie 1941: 601 [T], m, desc. (figs 46–47); Roewer 1955: 43; Roth 1954: 5, m (fig. 4); Vogel 1970b: 2

Distribution

Anderson, Aransas, Blanco, Brazoria, Brazos, Cameron, Dallas, Denton, Fannin, Harris, Hidalgo, Hunt, Kerr, Nacogdoches, Sabine, Travis, Trinity

Locality

Lake Dallas, Lake Tawakoni State Park, Lick Creek Park, Thurmond Lake, White Rock Lake, Zilker Park

Time of activity

Male (March, October – December, December 2-January 17); female (March – May, October – December, December 2-January 17)

Habitat

(grass: in grass near woods); (soil/woodland: ground, mix-pine forest, oak forest, oak woods, palm, pine woods [%: 69], under [bark, log])

Method

5 gallon bucket trap [m]; flight intercept trap [m]; malaise trap [mf]

Type

Texas (male, Hidalgo Co., Edinburg, no date, S. Mulaik, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

locality (state)

Collection

MCZ, MSU, TAMU

Genus Coras Simon, 1898

Note. genus transferred here from Amaurobiidae (Miller et al. 2010: 802)

Coras alabama Muma, 1946

Coras alabamaBrown 1974: 231; Jackman 1997: 160 [Muma 1946: 9, mf, desc. (figs 11, 39–40)]

Distribution

Nacogdoches

Time of activity

Female (March)

Habitat

(objects: under board in empty lot)

Type

Alabama, Madison Co., Monte Sano

Etymology

locality (state)

Coras lamellosus (Keyserling, 1887)

Coras lamellosus [Muma 1946: 6, mf, desc. (figs 7, 27–30)]

Distribution

Anderson, Denton, Grayson, Hardin, Kleberg

Locality

Padre Island

Time of activity

Male (November); female (March – April)

Habitat

(soil/woodland: wooded area)

Type

Virginia, Fort Monroe; Pennsylvania, Altoona; Lake Superior

Etymology

Latin, refers to a thin plate

Collection

MCZ, MSU

Coras medicinalis (Hentz, 1821)

Coras medicinalisBonnet 1956: 1201; Jackman 1997: 160; Jones 1936: 69; Kaston 1972: 181, desc. (fig. 399); Kaston 1978: 172 (fig. 430); Vogel 1970b: 2 [Muma 1946: 4, mf, desc. (figs 1–3, 21–24)]

Distribution

Dallas

Type

unknown

Etymology

Latin, web used as narcotic in cases of fever

Genus Tegenaria Latreille, 1804

Tegenaria domestica (Clerck, 1757)

Tegenaria domestica Jackman, 1997: 94, desc., 160; Reddell and Cokendolpher 2004: 76; Roewer 1955: 77 [S]; Vogel 1970b: 3 [Roth 1968: 11, mf, desc. (figs 13–18)]

Tegenaria derhami (Scopoli, 1763); Jones 1936: 69

Distribution

Bexar, Dallas, Lubbock

Caves

Bexar (Cave With A View)

Time of activity

Female (June)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave)

Type

Sweden

Etymology

Greek, “of the house”

Collection

JCC, TMM

Tegenaria pagana C. L. Koch, 1840

Tegenaria paganaJackman 1997: 160; Roth 1968: 26 [S], mf, desc. (figs 30–35); Vogel 1970b: 3

Tegenaria antrias Crosby, 1926; Roewer 1955: 79; Roth 1952: 284

Tegenaria simplex Bryant, 1936; Bonnet 1959: 4302; Bryant 1936: 90, f, desc. (fig. 9); Jones 1936: 69

Distribution

Central and northeast Texas; Coryell, Dallas, Fannin, Hays, San Saba, Travis, Wichita

Caves

Hays (Ezell’s Cave); San Saba (Bremer Cave)

Time of activity

Male (November); female (February, April, November)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave)

Type

Greece

Etymology

Latin, rustic

Collection

MSU, TMM

Genus Tortolena Chamberlin & Ivie, 1941

Tortolena dela Chamberlin & Ivie, 1941

Tortolena delaBennett and Ubick 2005: 59; Chamberlin and Ivie 1941: 615, f, desc. (fig. 79); Jackman 1997: 160; Roewer 1955: 83; Roth 1982: 7–5, 7–6; Roth 1985: B-1–4, B-1–5; Roth 1994: 50, 51; Roth and Brame 1972: 50; Roth and Brown 1986: 11; Vogel 1967: 15; Vogel 1970b: 3

Distribution

Hidalgo

Time of activity

Female (October)

Type

Texas (female, Hidalgo Co., 7 miles E Edinburg, October 14, 1934, S. Mulaik, holotype, AMNH)

[male unknown]

Etymology

undetermined

Family Amphinectidae Forster & Wilton, 1973

Note. genus transferred here from Amaurobiidae (Davies 1998: 242)

Genus Metaltella Mello-Leitão, 1931

Metaltella simoni (Keyserling, 1878)

Metaltella simoniCutler 2005a: 63; Jackman 1997: 99, desc., 160 (photo 27a); Reddell and Cokendolpher 2004: 76; Yantis 2005: 197 [Leech 1972: 107, mf, desc. (figs 194–195, 390)]

Distribution

Bexar, Brazos, Colorado, Galveston, Harris, Hidalgo, Leon (imm.), Montgomery, Orange, San Patricio, Wichita

Locality

Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge, Lick Creek Park

Caves

Bexar (Robber Baron Cave)

Time of activity

Male (May – June, August, October – December); female (April – June, August, October – November)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave); (littoral: near water); (objects: wood pile); (soil/woodland: debris under banana trees, leaf litter, post oak savanna, post oak woods [%: 70]); (structures: bathroom, indoors, in structure [bit collector causing reaction], on bed in house)

Method

5 gallon bucket trap [imm.]; pitfall trap [mf]

Type

Uruguay

Etymology

Person (arachnologist)

Collection

MSU, TAMU, TMM

Family Anyphaenidae Bertkau, 1878

Genus Anyphaena Sundevall, 1833

Anyphaena celer (Hentz, 1847)

Anyphaena celerBryant 1931: 111; Dondale and Redner 1982: 175, mf, desc. (figs 320–324, 326); Jackman 1997: 160; Kaston 1972: 232, desc. (fig. 524); Kaston 1978: 223, desc. (fig. 57); Platnick 1974: 214, mf, desc. (figs 1, 9–10, 18); Rapp 1984: 7

Distribution

East Texas; Galveston, Wichita

Habitat

(grass: grass and shrub area)

Type

Alabama and North Carolina

Etymology

Latin, swift

Collection

MSU

Anyphaena dixiana (Chamberlin & Woodbury, 1929)

Anyphaena dixianaAgnew et al. 1985: 8; Jackman 1997: 160; Platnick 1974: 221, mf, desc. (figs 4, 23–25)

Distribution

Brewster, Erath, Hays, Kerr

Time of activity

Male (December 16-January 26); female (January 27-February 24, April, December 16-January 26)

Habitat

(landscape features: under rock); (soil/woodland: Juniperus managed plot, upland deciduous forest)

Method

Flight intercept trap on ground [f]; flight intercept trap elevated [m]

Type

Utah, St. George

Etymology

New Latin, apart

Collection

TAMU

Anyphaena fraterna (Banks, 1896)

Anyphaena fraternaAgnew et al. 1985: 8; Jackman 1997: 160; Kaston 1978: 224, desc.; Platnick 1974: 233, mf, desc. (figs 52, 56, 60, 77–78)

Distribution

Central and north Texas; Brazos, Burleson/Lee, Erath, Kerr, Montgomery, Sabine, Travis, Wichita

Locality

Lick Creek Park

Time of activity

Male (March – May, May 22-June 4); female (March – May, June 23-July 2)

Habitat

(soil/woodland: beech-magnolia forest, bottomland forest, upland deciduous forest, Quercus buckleyi, Ulmus crassifolia); (structures: house)

Method

Flight intercept trap [f]; flight intercept trap elevated [m]; malaise trap [mf]; pitfall trap [m]; sweeping [f]

Type

New York, Sea Cliff

Etymology

Latin, brotherly

Collection

DMNS, MSU, TAMU

Anyphaena lacka Platnick, 1974

Anyphaena lackaJackman 1997: 160; Platnick 1974: 233, m, desc. (figs 54, 58, 62)

Distribution

San Patricio

Locality

Lake Corpus Christi State Park

Time of activity

Male (June)

Type

Texas (male, San Patricio Co., SW Mathis, Lake Corpus Christi State Park, June 28, 1962, J. A. Beatty, holotype, MCZ)

[female unknown]

Etymology

arbitrary combination of letters

Anyphaena maculata (Banks, 1896)

Anyphaena maculata [Platnick 1974: 216, mf, desc. (figs 2, 11–12, 19)]

Distribution

Brazos

Locality

Lick Creek Park

Time of activity

Female (December 2-January 17)

Method

Malaise trap [f]

Type

Washington D. C.

Etymology

Latin, black spots on body

Collection

TAMU

Anyphaena pectorosa L. Koch, 1866

Anyphaena pectorosaBradley 2013: 74; Dondale and Redner 1982: 176; Jackman 1997: 160; Kaston 1978: 224, desc.; Platnick 1974: 230, mf, desc. (figs 51, 55, 59, 74–75); Woods and Harrel 1976: 43; Young and Edwards 1990: 14

Distribution

North-central Texas; Brewster, Gonzalez, Jefferson, Polk, Travis

Locality

Palmetto State Park

Time of activity

Male (May – June); female (May)

Habitat

(crops: rice); (soil/woodland: Quercus virginiana, Ulmus crassifolia)

Method

Beating [m]; sweeping [m]

Type

Maryland, Baltimore

Etymology

Latin, breast

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Anyphaena rita Platnick, 1974

Anyphaena ritaBroussard and Horner 2006: 253; Richman et al. 2011a: 47 [Platnick 1974: 225, mf, desc. (figs 7, 28, 37, 44)]

Distribution

Brewster, Presidio

Locality

Chihuahuan desert, Dalquest Research Site

Time of activity

Male (“November/December”)

Method

pitfall trap [m]

Type

Arizona, Santa Catalina Mountains, Bear Canyon

Etymology

locality (The specific name is a noun in apposition derived from the Santa Rita Mountains, where the species is abundant, Platnick 1974).

Collection

MSU

Genus Hibana Brescovit, 1991

Hibana arunda (Platnick, 1974)

Hibana arundaBrescovit 1991: 743 [T]; Jackman 1997: 160; Pfannenstiel 2008a: 204; Taylor and Pfannenstiel 2008: 997

Aysha arunda Platnick, 1974; Platnick 1974: 259, mf, desc. (figs 118–119, 139, 142)

Distribution

Cameron, Falls, Hidalgo

Locality

Bentsen-Rio Grande Valley State Park, Frontera Audubon, Resaca de la Palma State Park, Sabal Palm Audubon Sanctuary

Time of activity

Male (March, May- October); female (February, April – November)

Habitat

(crops: cotton, soybean); (grass: grass); (orchard: grapefruit, orange, tangerine); (soil-woodland: palm forest margin [resaca bank])

Method

D-vac suction [m]

Type

Texas (male, Hidalgo Co., Edinburg, May 1934, S. Mulaik, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

arbitrary combination of letters

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Hibana cambridgei (Bryant, 1931)

Hibana cambridgeiBrescovit 1991: 743 [T]; Jackman 1997: 160

Aysha cambridgei Bryant, 1931; Platnick 1974: 254, mf, desc. (figs 120–121, 138, 141)

Distribution

North-central, central and west Texas; Bastrop, Brewster, Edwards, Hays, Henderson, Jeff Davis, Real, Sabine, Travis, Wichita

Locality

Bastrop State Park

Time of activity

Male (April – June); female (May – June)

Habitat

(plants: roadside vegetation); (soil/woodland: beech-magnolia forest, Juniperus managed plot, roadside vegetation, trees, Juniperus ashei, Quercus buckleyi, Quercus virginiana, Ulmus crassifolia)

Method

Beating [mf]; flight intercept trap elevated [f]; malaise trap [f]; sweeping [mf]

Type

Mexico, Guanajuato

Etymology

Person (arachnologist)

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Hibana futilis (Banks, 1898)

Hibana futilisArmstrong and Richman 2007: 395; Brescovit 1991: 742 [S, T]; Brescovit 1993: 138; Calixto et al. 2013: 181; Jackman 1997: 161; Patt and Pfannenstiel 2008: 65; Patt and Pfannenstiel 2009: 14; Pfannenstiel 2008a: 204; Taylor and Pfannenstiel 2008: 997

Anyphaena decepta Banks, 1899; Banks 1899: 190, f, desc

Aysha decepta (Banks, 1899); Agnew et al. 1985: 8; Breene et al. 1993b: 647; Brown 1974: 231; Dean and Sterling 1990: 402; Jones 1936: 70; Li 1990: 137, 142, 144; Platnick 1974: 256 [T], mf, desc. (figs 112–113, 123–124); Rapp 1984: 7; Roewer 1955: 534; Vincent and Frankie 1985: 380; Vogel 1970b: 5

Distribution

Eastern ½ Texas; Bexar, Brazos, Burleson, Cameron, Coryell, Dallas, Erath, Falls, Galveston, Hidalgo, Kenedy, Mason, Medina, Nacogdoches, Robertson, Sabine, Travis, Washington, Wichita, Zavala

Locality

Adriance Pecan Orchard, Bentsen-Rio Grande Valley State Park, Frontera Audubon, Holmes Pecan Orchard, Kenedy Ranch, Laguna Atascosa National Wildlife Refuge, Lick Creek Park, Russell Farm, Storey Pecan Orchard, Texas A&M University Rangeland Area

Time of activity

Male (January – December); female (January – December)

Habitat

(crops: cotton, sugarcane); (grass: grass, grasses, grassy and shrub area); (littoral: salt marsh area); (nest/prey: mud dauber nest); (orchard: citrus, grapefruit, orange, pecan, sour orange); (plants: miscellaneous vegetation, Amaranthus palmeri); (soil/woodland: live oak, post oak savanna with pasture, sandy area, thorn thicket, trees/shrubs); (structures: house, indoors)

Method

Beating [mf]; boll weevil pheromone trap [mf]; cardboard band [mf]; D-Vac suction [m]; flight intercept trap [mf]; fogging [mf]; irrigation tubing [mf]; malaise trap [m]; pitfall trap [mf]; suction trap [f]; sweeping [mf]

Type

Mexico, Baja California

Etymology

Latin, vain

Collection

DMNS, MSU, TAMU

Hibana gracilis (Hentz, 1847)

Hibana gracilisBradley 2013: 75; Brescovit 1991: 742 [T]; Calixto et al. 2013: 181; Jackman 1997: 106, desc., 161 (photo 30a)

Aysha gracilis (Hentz, 1847); Agnew et al. 1985: 4, 10; Bonnet 1955: 837; Breene 1988: 15, 17, 23–26, 35, 41; Breene et al. 1988: 180–181; Breene et al. 1989: 162; Breene et al. 1993c: 9, 47, 74, mf (figs 65A-C); Bumroongsook et al. 1992: 17; Dean and Eger 1986: 142; Dean and Sterling 1987: 6; Dean and Sterling 1990: 402, 405; Dean et al. 1982: 255; Dean et al. 1987: 268; Dean et al. 1988: 287; Dondale and Redner 1982: 167, mf, desc. (figs 307–312); Glick 1957: 5; Jones 1936: 70; Kagan 1942: 55; Kagan 1943: 258; Kaston 1972: 231, desc. (fig. 522); Kaston 1978: 222, desc. (fig. 568); Liao et al. 1984: 410; McDaniel et al. 1981: 104; Nuessly and Sterling 1984: 96; Pamanes-Guerrero 1975: 37, 41, 81; Platnick 1974: 252, mf, desc. (figs 116–117, 140, 143); Vogel 1970b: 5; Young and Edwards 1990: 14

Distribution

Eastern ½ Texas; Angelina, Archer, Bexar, Brazos, Burleson, Cameron, Colorado, Comanche, Coryell, Dallas, Delta, Denton, Dickens, Duval, Erath, Fannin, Frio, Hidalgo, Houston, Karnes, Kenedy, McLennan, Robertson, Sabine, Stephens, Travis, Walker, Webb, Wichita, Young

Locality

Adriance Pecan Orchard, Angelina National Forest, Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge, Bentsen-Rio Grande Valley State Park, Bill Haney Pecan Orchard, Ellis Prison Unit, Hoblitzelle Farms, Holmes Pecan Orchard, Sam Houston State Park

Time of activity

Male (January, March – September); female (March – December)

Habitat

(crops: cotton, peanuts, soybean); (grass: grass, grassland); (landscape features: under rock); (nest/prey: mud dauber nest); (orchard: pecan); (plants: bluebonnets, croton, herbs, miscellaneous vegetation); (soil/woodland: beech-magnolia forest, post oak savanna with pasture, Juniperus ashei, Quercus buckleyi, Quercus virginiana, Ulmus crassifolia); (structures: indoors)

Method

Beating [mf]; boll weevil pheromone trap [m]; cardboard band [mf]; D-Vac suction [m]; fogging [mf]; malaise trap [mf]; pitfall trap [mf]; suction trap [mf]; sweeping [mf]

Type

North Carolina and Alabama

Etymology

Latin, slender

Collection

DMNS, MSU, TAMU

Hibana incursa (Chamberlin, 1919)

Hibana incursaBrescovit 1991: 742 [T]; Jackman 1997: 161

Aysha incursa (Chamberlin, 1919); Platnick 1974: 257, mf, desc. (figs 114–115, 126–127)

Distribution

Brewster, El Paso, Presidio

Locality

Big Bend National Park, Big Bend Ranch State Park

Time of activity

Male (March – April, July); female (May – June)

Habitat

(orchard: pecan); (soil/woodland: cottonwood)

Method

Beating [mf]; malaise trap [mf]

Type

California, Claremont

Etymology

Latin, attack

Collection

NMSU, TAMU

Hibana velox (Becker, 1879)

Hibana veloxBrescovit 1991: 743 [T]; Jackman 1997: 161

Aysha velox (Becker, 1879); Kaston 1978: 222; Platnick 1974: 258, mf, desc. (figs 110–111, 122, 125)

Distribution

Southeast Texas; Angelina, Brazos, Colorado, Fort Bend, Harris, Jefferson

Locality

Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge

Time of activity

Male (June, August); female (June, August)

Method

sweeping [m]

Type

Mississippi, Pascagoula

Etymology

Latin, speedy

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Genus Lupettiana Brescovit, 1997

Lupettiana mordax (O. P.-Cambridge, 1896)

Lupettiana mordaxBradley 2013: 75; Brescovit 1997: 68, mf, desc. (figs 157–162 [T]); Calixto et al. 2013: 181

Teudis mordax (O. P.-Cambridge, 1896); Breene et al. 1993c: 9, 47, 75, mf (figs 67A–C); Dean and Eger 1986: 142; Dean and Sterling 1990: 402; Dean et al. 1982: 255; Jackman 1997: 161; Kaston 1978: 224, desc. (fig. 572); Liao et al. 1984: 410; Platnick 1974: 263, mf, desc. (figs 131–133); Vincent and Frankie 1985: 380; Young and Edwards 1990: 14

Anyphaena sp. prob. celer (Hentz, 1847); Dean et al. 1982: 255 [misidentified]

Anyphaena celer (Hentz, 1847); Young and Edwards 1990: 14 [misidentified]

Distribution

East Texas; Bastrop, Brazos, Burleson, Goliad, Robertson, Sabine, Travis, Walker

Locality

Bastrop State Park, Ellis Prison Unit, Holmes Pecan Orchard, Lick Creek Park, Somerville Lake, Stetz Pecan Orchard, Texas A&M University Rangeland Area

Time of activity

Male (March – August); female (April – August)

Habitat

(crops: cotton); (grass: tall grass prairie); (orchard: pecan); (plants: bluebonnets, Indian paintbrush, miscellaneous vegetation); (soil/woodland: beech-magnolia forest, live oak, trees, Juniperus ashei, Quercus buckleyi, Quercus virginiana, Ulmus crassifolia)

Method

Beating [mf]; cardboard band [mf]; malaise trap [f]; pitfall trap [m]; suction trap [m]; sweeping [mf]

Type

Mexico, Guerrero, Omiltemi

Etymology

Latin, biting

Collection

TAMU

Genus Pippuhana Brescovit, 1997

Pippuhana calcar (Bryant, 1931)

Pippuhana calcarBradley 2013: 76; Brescovit 1997: 113 [T], mf, desc. (figs 305–308); Richman and Ubick 2005: 67

Teudis calcar Bryant, 1931; Jackman 1997: 161; Platnick 1974: 265 [S], mf, desc. (figs 128–130)

Anyphaena schwarzi Gertsch, 1933; Gertsch 1933c: 10, f, desc. (fig. 12); Roewer 1955: 529

Distribution

South Texas; Brazos, Cameron, Hidalgo, San Patricio

Time of activity

Male (April); female (January, March)

Type

Florida, Dunedin

Etymology

Latin, spur on patella

Collection

TAMU

Genus Wulfila O. P.-Cambridge, 1895

Wulfila albens (Hentz, 1847)

Wulfila albensPlatnick 2000 [spelling]

Wulfila alba (Hentz, 1847); Jackman 1997: 161; Kaston 1978: 223; Platnick 1974: 245, mf, desc. (figs 83–84, 90, 100)

Distribution

North-central Texas; Brazos, Gonzales, Sabine, Walker

Locality

Lick Creek Park, Palmetto State Park

Time of activity

Male (April – May); female (April 29-May 3, May 22–June 4, June)

Habitat

(soil/woodland: beech-magnolia forest, trees)

Method

Beating [m]; beating/sweeping [m]; malaise trap [f]

Type

Alabama

Etymology

Latin, lack of dark markings

Collection

TAMU

Wulfila bryantae Platnick, 1974

Wulfila bryantaeJackman 1997: 161; Platnick 1974: 249, mf, desc. (figs 92–93, 96, 102)

Distribution

Cameron, Hidalgo, Jim Wells

Locality

Frontera Audubon, Sabal Palm Audubon Sanctuary, Santa Ana National Wildlife Refuge

Time of activity

Male (April – June); female (March 3-April 4, April – December)

Habitat

(orchard: grapefruit, orange, organic citrus grove); (soil/woodland: forest)

Method

Flight intercept trap [f]

Type

Texas (male, Hidalgo Co., 5 miles E Edinburg, April 20, 1937, S. Mulaik, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Person (The specific name is a patronym in honor of Miss Elizabeth Bryant, in recognition of her pioneering work on North American anyphaenids, Platnick 1974).

Collection

TAMU

Wulfila saltabundus (Hentz, 1847)

Wulfila saltabundusBradley 2013: 76; Breene et al. 1993c: 9, 47, 74, mf (figs 66A-C); Dondale and Redner 1982: 170 [spelling], mf, desc. (figs 313–319); Jackman 1997: 161

Wulfila saltabunda (Hentz, 1847); Dean et al. 1982: 255; Dean et al. 1988: 287; Kaston 1978: 223, desc. (fig. 570); Platnick 1974: 243, mf, desc. (figs 81–82, 89, 99); Rapp 1984: 7; Young and Edwards 1990: 14

Distribution

East and north-central Texas; Brazos, Galveston, Houston, Walker

Locality

Ellis Prison Unit, Sam Houston National Forest, Stubblefield Lake

Time of activity

Male (April, July – August); female (April, June – July)

Habitat

(crops: cotton); (grass: grassland); (structures: indoors)

Method

pitfall trap [m]

Type

Alabama

Etymology

Latin, continuous in forest

Collection

TAMU

Wulfila tantillus Chickering, 1940

Wulfila tantillusCalixto et al. 2013: 181; Jackman 1997: 161; Platnick 1993: 597 [spelling]; Reddell and Cokendolpher 2004: 76

Wulfila tantilla Chickering, 1940; Platnick 1974: 246, mf, desc. (figs 85–86, 91, 101)

Distribution

Central and south Texas; Bexar, Cameron, Hidalgo, Montague, Robertson, Travis, Webb, Wichita

Locality

Bentsen-Rio Grande Valley State Park, Holmes Pecan Orchard

Caves

Bexar (Kick Start Cave)

Time of activity

Male (April, July); female (May, August, October)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave); (orchard: pecan); (soil/woodland: Quercus virginiana, Ulmus crassifolia)

Method

Beating [m]; cardboard band [f]; sweeping [m]

Type

Panama, El Valle

Etymology

Latin, so little

Collection

MSU, TAMU, TMM

Family Araneidae Clerck, 1775

Note. species incorrectly reported from Texas

Eustala rosae Chamberlin & Ivie, 1935; Kaston 1972: 149; Kaston 1978: 143 [not in Texas]

Hypsosinga pygmaea (Sundevall, 1831); Young and Edwards 1990: 15 [not in Texas]

Mastophora bisaccata (Emerton, 1884); Brown 1974: 232; Jackman 1997: 161 [not in Texas] [probably misidentified]

Neoscona moreli (Vinson, 1863) [not in Texas]

Neoscona neotheis (Petrunkevitch, 1911); Gertsch and Mulaik 1936b: 21 (Nueces Co.); Vogel 1970b: 4 [not in U.S., probably oaxacensis]

Aranea neotheis Petrunkevitch, 1911; Roewer 1942: 848

nomen dubium

Neoscona benjamina (Walckenaer, 1841); Brown 1974: 232; Reddell 1965: 170; Reddell and Finch 1963: 54; Vogel 1970b: 4

Epeira benjamina Walckenaer, 1837; McCook 1889: 116; McCook 1893: 147

Genus Acacesia Simon, 1895

Acacesia hamata (Hentz, 1847)

Acacesia hamataAgnew et al. 1985: 6; Bradley 2013: 77; Breene et al. 1993b: 647; Breene et al. 1993c: 10, 47, 104, mf (figs 157A-C); Brown 1974: 231; Calixto et al. 2013: 181; Dean et al. 1982: 254; Glueck 1994: 69, mf, desc. (figs 1, 4–8); Jackman 1997: 72, desc., 161 (photo 21a); Kaston 1953: 183, desc. (fig. 453); Kaston 1972: 151, desc. (fig. 339); Kaston 1978: 144, desc. (fig. 362); Levi 1976: 375 [S], mf, desc. (figs 74–87); Rice 1986: 124; Roth 1982: 11–1; Roth 1985: B-6–5, B-6–11; Roth 1994: 70, 74; Young and Edwards 1990: 14

Epeira foliata Hentz, 1847; McCook 1893: 154

Acacesia foliata (Hentz, 1847); Petrunkevitch 1911: 274

Distribution

Southern ½ Texas; Brazos, Brewster, Cameron, Erath, Hidalgo, Kenedy, Nacogdoches, Robertson, San Patricio, Shelby, Travis (imm.), Walker

Locality

Ellis Prison Unit, Holmes Pecan Orchard, Kenedy Ranch, Laguna Atascosa National Wildlife Refuge, Lake Corpus Christi State Park, Lick Creek Park, Sabal Palm Audubon Sanctuary, Santa Ana National Wildlife Refuge

Time of activity

Male (January, March – May, July – August, October); female (April, June, August – October)

Habitat

(crops: cotton, sugarcane); (grass: grass, meadow); (nest/prey: mud dauber nest [f]); (orchard: pecan); (plants: vegetation); (soil/woodland: palm forest margin [resaca bank], trees, woods, Juniperus ashei, Quercus buckleyi, Quercus virginiana, Ulmus crassifolia)

Method

Beating [m]; cardboard band [imm.]; D-Vac suction [m]; malaise trap [m]; sweeping [mf]

Type

Alabama

Etymology

Latin, hooked

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Genus Acanthepeira Marx, 1883

Acanthepeira cherokee Levi, 1976

Acanthepeira cherokeeBreene et al. 1993c: 10, 47, 103, mf (figs 153A-B); Dean et al. 1982: 254; Jackman 1997: 161; Levi 1976: 366, mf, desc. (figs 24, 29–35, 42–43); Young and Edwards 1990: 14

Distribution

Southeast Texas; Brazos, Colorado, Jefferson, Wichita

Locality

Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge, Lick Creek Park

Time of activity

Male (March, November); female (April – May, September, November)

Habitat

(crops: cotton); (littoral: sedge meadow); (soil/woodland: post oak savanna)

Method

Beating [f]; sweeping [mf]

Type

North Carolina, Mud Creek

Etymology

Indian tribe (The name is a noun in apposition, after the southeastern Indian tribe, Levi 1976).

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Acanthepeira marion Levi, 1976

Acanthepeira marion [Levi 1976: 368, mf, desc. (figs 25, 36–41, 44)]

Distribution

Fannin

Type

Florida, Marion Co.

Etymology

locality (The name is a noun in apposition, after the type locality, Levi 1976).

Collection

MSU

Acanthepeira stellata (Walckenaer, 1805)

Acanthepeira stellataAgnew et al. 1982: 631; Agnew et al. 1985: 3; Breene et al. 1993c: 10, 47, 103, mf (figs 152A-C); Brown 1974: 231; Calixto et al. 2013: 181; Cokendolpher et al. 2008: 8, 13 (fig. 2); Dean and Eger 1986: 141; Dean and Sterling 1985: 116; Dean and Sterling 1987: 6; Dean and Sterling 1990: 402, 404; Dean and Sterling 1992: 3–4; Dean et al. 1982: 254; Dean et al. 1987: 268; Dean et al. 1988: 285–286; Dondale et al. 2003: 309, mf, desc. (figs 726–732); Jackman 1997: 72, desc., 161 (photo 21b); Kagan 1942: 34; Kagan 1943: 258; Levi 1976: 364, mf, desc. (figs 12–23); McDaniel et al. 1981: 104; Nuessly and Sterling 1984: 97; Nyffeler and Sterling 1994: 1295, 1298; Nyffeler et al. 1987a: 356; Nyffeler et al. 1987b: 1119; Nyffeler et al. 1987c: 368; Nyffeler et al. 1988a: 55; Nyffeler et al. 1989: 374, 377; Nyffeler et al. 1992c: 2; Pamanes-Guerrero 1975: 16, 34, 37, 41, 59, 63, 78, 81; Rapp 1984: 4; Roberts 2001: 48; Rogers and Horner 1977: 523; Sterling et al. 1979: 979; Vogel 1970b: 3; Woods and Harrel 1976: 43; Young and Edwards 1990: 14

Marxia stellata (Hentz, 1805); Jones 1936: 70

Acanthepeira stellata (Marx); Kaston 1972: 148, desc. (fig. 333)

Distribution

Eastern 2/3 Texas; Archer, Bastrop, Bee, Brazoria, Brazos, Burleson, Cameron, Carson, Clay, Collin, Colorado, Dallas, Delta, Erath, Fannin, Fayette, Fort Bend, Galveston, Goliad, Grayson, Grimes, Houston, Hunt, Jefferson, Jim Wells, Kenedy, Limestone, McLennan, Nacogdoches, Nueces, Potter, Robertson, Sabine, Travis, Victoria, Walker, Wharton, Wichita, Willacy, Williamson, Young

Locality

Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge, Ellis Prison Unit, Galveston Island State Park, Holmes Pecan Orchard, Pantex Plant, Ramsey Prison Farm, Sam Houston State Park, Texas A&M University Rangeland Area, Wildcat Bluff Nature Center

Time of activity

Male (March – September, November – December); female (February – December)

Habitat

(crops: cotton, guar, peanuts, rice); (grass: grassland, grassy and shrub area, pasture, shrubs and tall grass); (littoral: playa, near playa, salt marsh area); (nest/prey: mud dauber nest [mf]); (orchard: pecan); (plants: bluebonnets, croton, Indian paintbrush, miscellaneous vegetation, Coreopsis sp., Monarda citriodora); (soil/woodland: beech-magnolia forest, pine); (structures: around house)

Method

cardboard band [m]; malaise trap [m]; pitfall trap [m]; suction trap [m]; sweeping [mf]

Type

Carolina (of 1805)

Etymology

Latin, starred

Collection

DMNS, MSU, TAMU, TTU

Genus Allocyclosa Levi, 1999

Allocyclosa bifurca (McCook, 1887)

Allocyclosa bifurcaBradley 2013: 78; Levi 1999: 304 [T], mf, desc. (figs 3–22)

Cyclosa bifurca (McCook, 1887); Jackman 1997: 161; Levi 1977a: 86, mf, desc. (figs 78–89)

Distribution

Aransas, Cameron, Hidalgo, Kenedy, San Patricio

Locality

Goose Island State Park, Lake Corpus Christi Dam

Time of activity

Female (May – June, November – December)

Habitat

(nest/prey: mud dauber nest [f] of Chalybion californicum); (orchard: grapefruit)

Type

Florida, Merrit’s Island on Indian River, Fairyland

Etymology

Latin, forked abdomen

Collection

TAMU

Genus Araneus Clerck, 1757

Araneus bicentenarius (McCook, 1888)

Araneus bicentenariusDondale et al. 2003: 209, mf, desc. (figs 428–435); Jackman 1997: 73, 161 (photo 21c); Levi 1971a: 143 [S], mf, desc. (figs 15–26); Taber and Fleenor 2003: 231; Taber and Fleenor 2005: 276 (figs 12–14)

Aranea kisatchia Archer, 1951; Archer 1951a: 27, f, desc. (fig. 69)

Araneus kisatcheus Archer, 1951; Vogel 1970b: 3

Distribution

Central and southeast Texas; Brazos, Freestone, Gonzalez, Hays, Orange, Walker

Locality

Lick Creek Park, Palmetto State Park

Time of activity

Male (May); female (May – August)

Habitat

(littoral: wetlands); (soil/woodland: oak)

Method

Beating/sweeping [f]

Type

Ohio, northwestern and Allegheny Mountains

Etymology

bicentennial of Philadelphia

Collection

DMNS, TAMU

Araneus bonsallae (McCook, 1894)

Araneus bonsallaeJackman 1997: 161; Levi 1973: 524, mf, desc. (figs 265–294, 453–454)

Distribution

North-central Texas; Dallas, Wichita

Time of activity

Female (May)

Habitat

(plants: vegetation); (soil/woodland: tree)

Method

sweeping

Type

California

Etymology

Person (Miss Elizabeth F. Bonsall, who made the original drawings for nearly all the plates contained in the atlas by McCook)

Collection

MCZ, MSU, TAMU

Araneus cavaticus (Keyserling, 1881)

Araneus cavaticusBradley 2013: 79; Dondale et al. 2003: 244, mf, desc. (figs 539–545); Jackman 1997: 73, 161; Kaston 1978: 157, desc. (fig. 392); Levi 1971a: 170, mf, desc. (figs 187–194)

Distribution

East Texas; Harris

Type

Kentucky, cave in Carter Co.

Etymology

Latin, cave

Note

Hoffman (1982: 93) states that this species does not occur in Texas because of the habitat it has been associated with and the distance from other collecting sites.

Araneus cingulatus (Walckenaer, 1841)

Araneus cingulatusDondale et al. 2003: 256, mf, desc. (figs 575–582); Jackman 1997: 161; Kaston 1978: 160, desc.; Levi 1973: 526, mf, desc. (figs 301–313, 455–462)

Distribution

North-central Texas; Travis, Walker

Locality

Ellis Prison Unit

Time of activity

Male (April – July); female (May – July, September)

Habitat

(soil/woodland: Quercus virginiana, Ulmus crassifolia)

Method

Beating [mf]; sweeping [mf]

Type

Georgia

Etymology

Latin, girdled

Collection

TAMU

Araneus cochise Levi, 1973

Araneus cochiseAgnew et al. 1985: 6; Dean et al. 1989: 126, m, desc. (figs 1–2); Jackman 1997: 161; Levi 1991: 278, mf, desc. (figs 445–448)

Distribution

Erath, Kerr, Travis

Time of activity

Male (March – May); female (March – June)

Habitat

(soil/woodland: juniper, Juniperus ashei, Quercus virginiana)

Method

Beating [mf]; sweeping [mf]

Eggs/spiderlings

Erath [7 spiderlings in eggsac] [TAMU]

Type

Arizona, Cochise Co., Chiricahua Mountains, Southwestern Research Station

Etymology

locality (The name is a noun in apposition after the type locality, Levi, 1973).

Collection

MCZ, MSU, TAMU

Araneus detrimentosus (O. P.-Cambridge, 1889)

Araneus detrimentosusAgnew et al. 1985: 7; Bradley 2013: 81; Jackman 1997: 73, desc., 161 (photo 21d); Levi 1973: 538 [T], mf, desc. (figs 398–414); Levi 1991: 269

Cambridgepeira detrimentosa (O. P.-Cambridge, 1889); Archer 1951b: 2 (fig. 9)

Distribution

Eastern ½ Texas; Atascosa, Bastrop, Bell, Brazos, Burleson, Cameron, Duval, Erath, Gillespie, Goliad, Hidalgo, Lee, Leon, Liberty, Navarro, Starr, Travis, Williamson

Locality

Bentsen-Rio Grande Valley State Park, Falcon Lake State Park, Lake Somerville State Park [Nails Creek Unit], Riley Estate

Time of activity

Male (April – June, August – September); female (April – October)

Habitat

(nest/prey: mud dauber nest [f]); (orchard: grapefruit, Valley lemon); (plants: Indian paintbrush); (soil/woodland: juniper, rock elm, shrubs, trees, Juniperus sp., Quercus virginiana, Ulmus sp.); (web: web in live oak, web on mesquite [Prosopis juliflora])

Method

Beating [mf]; suction trap [m]; sweeping [m]

Type

Guatemala

Etymology

Latin, prone to detritus

Collection

DMNS, MCZ, TAMU

Araneus gemma (McCook, 1888)

Araneus gemmaKaston 1972: 163, desc. (fig. 362); Reddell 1965: 170; Vogel 1970b: 3 [Levi 1971a: 172, mf, desc. (figs 203–214)]

Distribution

Bastrop, Brewster

Caves

Brewster (O.T.L. Cave)

Time of activity

Female (May)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave)

Type

California

Etymology

Latin, bud or gem

Collection

DMNS, TMM

Araneus guttulatus (Walckenaer, 1841)

Araneus guttulatus [Levi 1973: 530, mf, desc. (figs 3, 332–361, 470–474)]

Distribution

Shelby

Time of activity

Male (August)

Habitat

(plants: vegetation)

Method

sweeping [m]

Type

Georgia

Etymology

Latin, for speckled

Collection

TAMU

Araneus illaudatus (Gertsch & Mulaik, 1936)

Araneus illaudatusJackman 1997: 73, 161; Levi 1971a: 176, m, desc. (figs 233–240); Levi 1975b: 268 [S], m (figs 3–4)

Aranea illaudata Gertsch & Mulaik, 1936; Gertsch and Mulaik 1936b: 19, m, desc. (figs 36–37); Roewer 1942: 861

Araneus iliaudatus (Gertsch & Mulaik, 1936); Vogel 1970b: 3

Araneus pima Levi, 1971; Levi 1971a: 176, mf, desc. (figs 218–232)

Distribution

Brewster, Dallam, Galveston, Hidalgo, Jeff Davis, Kerr

Caves

Brewster (O.T.L. Cave)

Time of activity

Female (September – October)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave); (structures: barns, under house eave); (soil/woodland: trees)

Type

Texas (male, Hidalgo Co., Edinburg, September-December 1933, S. Mulaik, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Greek, referring to a rope or band

Collection

DMNS, TAMU, TMM

Note

Hoffman (1982: 93) stated that this species does not occur in Texas because of the habitat it has been associated with and the distance from other collecting sites.

Araneus juniperi (Emerton, 1884)

Araneus juniperiDondale et al. 2003: 254, mf, desc. (figs 568–574); Jackman 1997: 161; Kaston 1978: 158, desc. (fig. 397); Levi 1973: 522 [S], mf, desc. (figs 248–264, 447–452)

Conepeira llano Archer, 1951; Archer 1951b: 24, mf, desc. (figs 52, 55); Vogel 1967: 24; Vogel 1970b: 3

Distribution

Brazos, Comanche, Llano, Robertson

Locality

Bill Haney Pecan Orchard, Holmes Pecan Orchard

Time of activity

Male (June – September); female (September)

Method

Fogging [mf]

Type

Maine, Portland, Peaks Island

Etymology

collected in junipers

Collection

TAMU

Araneus kerr Levi, 1981

Araneus kerrJackman 1997: 161; Levi 1981b: 254, f, desc. (figs 1–4)

Distribution

Kerr

Locality

Raven Ranch

Time of activity

Female (June)

Type

Texas (female, Kerr Co., Raven Ranch, June 1941, J. Stillwagon, holotype, AMNH)

[male unknown]

Etymology

locality (The specific name is a noun in apposition taken from the type locality, Levi 1981b).

Araneus marmoreus Clerck, 1757

Araneus marmoreusBrown 1974: 231; Dondale et al. 2003: 221, mf, desc. (figs 466–474); Jackman 1997: 73–74, 161, desc.; Kaston 1972: 165, desc. (fig. 366); Kaston 1978: 158, desc. (fig. 394); Levi 1971a: 156, mf, desc. (figs 1–6, 100–105, 107–113, 183); Taber and Fleenor 2005: 277 (fig. 12–5)

Distribution

Southeast and east Texas; Brazos, Gonzales, Nacogdoches, Rusk, San Jacinto

Locality

Big Creek Scenic Area, Lick Creek Park, Palmetto State Park

Time of activity

Female (September, November)

Habitat

(littoral: sedge meadow, wetlands); (nest/prey: mud dauber nest [imm.])

Type

Sweden

Etymology

Greek, marbled

Collection

TAMU

Araneus miniatus (Walckenaer, 1841)

Araneus miniatusBradley 2013: 82; Hoffmaster 1985: 627; Jackman 1997: 161; Kaston 1978: 158, desc. (fig. 396); Levi 1973: 506 [S], mf, desc. (figs 158–171); Petrunkevitch 1911: 303

Epeira miniata Walckenaer, 1837; McCook 1893: 177

Larinia nigrofoliata Keyserling, 1884; Petrunkevitch 1911: 354; Roewer 1942: 772

Distribution

North-central Texas; Brazos, Cameron, Denton, Fannin, Houston, Hunt, Morris, Polk, Sabine, San Patricio, Travis, Walker

Locality

Lick Creek Park, Resaca de la Palma State Park, Welder Wildlife Refuge

Time of activity

Male (February – April, June – July); female (March – May, July – August, November)

Habitat

(grass: pasture); (plants: vegetation); (soil/woodland: trees, Juniperus ashei, Quercus buckleyi, Quercus virginiana, Ulmus crassifolia)

Method

Beating [mf]; beating/sweeping [m]; sweeping [mf]

Type

Georgia

Etymology

Latin, colored with vermillion

Collection

MCZ, MSU, TAMU

Araneus nashoba Levi, 1973

Araneus nashobaAgnew et al. 1985: 7; Jackman 1997: 161; Levi 1973: 534, mf, desc. (figs 380–397)

Distribution

Erath, Fayette, Kimble, Travis

Time of activity

Male (April – June); female (April – July)

Habitat

(soil/woodland: Quercus buckleyi, Quercus virginiana)

Method

Beating [mf]; sweeping [mf]

Type

Massachusetts, Pepperell

Etymology

locality (The specific name is a noun in apposition, after the Nashoba region of Massachusetts, Levi 1973).

Collection

TAMU

Araneus nordmanni (Thorell, 1870)

Araneus nordmanniDondale et al. 2003: 219 (figs 458–465); Jackman 1997: 73, 161, desc.; Levi 1971a: 150 [S], mf, desc. (figs 61–94, 96–99)

Epeira angulata (Clerck, 1757); McCook 1893: 186

Distribution

South Texas; Bastrop

Time of activity

Female (June)

Type

Sweden, Uppland

Etymology

Person (arachnologist)

Collection

MSU

Note

Hoffman (1982: 93) stated that this species does not occur in Texas because of the habitat it has been associated with and the distance from other collecting sites.

Araneus pegnia (Walckenaer, 1841)

Araneus pegniaAgnew et al. 1985: 7; Brown 1974: 231; Dondale et al. 2003: 213, mf, desc. (figs 444–450); Jackman 1997: 161; Levi 1973: 546 [S], mf, desc. (figs 426–438); Vogel 1970b: 3

Neosconella pegnia (Walckenaer, 1841); Knutson et al. 2010: 515

Araneus globosus (Keyserling, 1865); Jones 1936: 70

Distribution

Eastern ½ Texas; Brazos, Cameron, Comanche, Dallas, Erath, Hidalgo, Howard, Menard, Nacogdoches, Sutton, Travis, Wichita, Williamson

Locality

Bentsen-Rio Grande Valley State Park, Resaca de la Palma State Park, Riley Estate, Sabal Palm Audubon Sanctuary, Santa Ana National Wildlife Refuge

Time of activity

Male (April – June, August – November); female (May – November)

Habitat

(nest/prey: mud dauber nest [mf]); (orchard: grapefruit, orange, tangerine); (plants: goldenrod); (soil/woodland: saltcedar, trees, trees/shrubs, Juniperus ashei, Quercus buckleyi); (web: orbweb)

Method

Beating [mf]; suction trap [m]; sweeping [m]

Type

Georgia

Etymology

undetermined

Collection

DMNS, MSU, TAMU

Araneus pratensis (Emerton, 1884)

Araneus pratensisDean and Eger 1986: 141; Dondale et al. 2003: 237, mf, desc. (figs 517–523); Jackman 1997: 73, desc., 161 (photo 21f); Kaston 1978: 160, desc. (fig. 399); Levi 1973: 492 [T], mf, desc. (figs 2, 21–31); Rapp 1984: 4

Neoscona pratensis Emerton, 1884; Woods and Harrel 1976: 43; Young and Edwards 1990: 15

Distribution

Southeast, central and east Texas; Bexar, Brazos, Fayette, Galveston, Jefferson, Kerr, Lavaca, Leon, Refugio, San Patricio, Victoria

Time of activity

Male (April – May, August, October); female (April – May, August, November)

Habitat

(crops: rice); (plants: bluebonnets, Indian paintbrush, miscellaneous vegetation)

Method

sweeping [mf]

Type

Connecticut, New Haven

Etymology

Latin, pertaining to a meadow

Collection

MCZ, TAMU

Araneus texanus (Archer, 1951)

Araneus texanusDean and Eger 1986: 141; Jackman 1997: 161; Levi 1973: 534 [T], mf, desc. (figs 362–374)

Conepeira texana Archer, 1951; Archer 1951b: 20, mf, desc. (figs 48, 69); Vogel 1967: 25; Vogel 1970b: 3

Distribution

Brazos, Edwards, Freestone, Gillespie, Limestone

Locality

Riley Estate

Time of activity

Male (April); female (May – June)

Habitat

(nest/prey: mud dauber nest [f]); (plants: bluebonnets, Indian paintbrush); (soil/woodland: trees)

Method

Beating [f]; sweeping [m]

Type

Texas (male, Limestone Co., Mexia, M. Kagan, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

locality (state)

Collection

TAMU

Araneus thaddeus (Hentz, 1847)

Araneus thaddeusDondale et al. 2003: 211, mf, desc. (figs 436–443) [Levi 1973: 543, mf, desc. (figs 415–425)]

Distribution

close to Rio Grande Valley, South Texas

Type

Alabama

Etymology

one of twelve apostles

Genus Araniella Chamberlin & Ivie, 1942

Araniella displicata (Hentz, 1847)

Araniella displicataAgnew et al. 1985: 7; Breene 1988: 35; Breene et al. 1989: 162; Breene et al. 1993a: 169; Breene et al. 1993b: 647; Breene et al. 1993c: 10, 47, 107, mf (figs 166A-C); Dean et al. 1987: 268; Jackman 1997: 75, desc., 161; Rapp 1984: 4; Woods and Harrel 1976: 43; Young and Edwards 1990: 14 [Levi 1974: 294 [S, T], mf, desc. (figs 1–21)]

Epeira cucurbitina (Clerck, 1757); McCook 1893: 149

Epeira displicata Hentz, 1847; Marx 1890: 544

Distribution

Burleson, Cameron, Erath, Galveston, Hidalgo, Jefferson, Travis

Locality

Galveston Island State Park

Time of activity

Male (March – April); female (February – May)

Habitat

(crops: cotton, rice, sugarcane); (grass: grassy and shrub area); (orchard: citrus); (soil/woodland: Quercus buckleyi, Quercus virginiana, Ulmus crassifolia)

Method

Beating [f]; suction trap [imm.]; sweeping [mf]

Type

Alabama

Etymology

Latin, scattered

Collection

TAMU

Genus Argiope Audouin, 1826

Argiope argentata (Fabricius, 1775)

Argiope argentataBradley 2013: 86; Jackman 1997: 161; Levi 1968: 345, mf, desc. (figs 42, 73, 112–136); Levi 2004: 58; McCook 1893: 220; Marx 1890: 541; Vogel 1970b: 4

Distribution

Southern 1/4 Texas; Cameron, Nueces, Zapata

Locality

Corpus Christi Botanical Gardens

Time of activity

Male (May); female (May, October)

Habitat

(web: in web)

Type

unknown

Etymology

Latin, silver

Collection

TAMU

Argiope aurantia Lucas, 1833

Argiope aurantiaAgnew et al. 1985: 3; Barron et al. 1999: 550; Bonnet 1955: 675; Breene et al. 1993c: 10, 47, 101, mf (figs 147A-C); Brown 1974: 232; Bumroongsook et al. 1992: 18; Calixto et al. 2013: 181; Cokendolpher and Reddell 2001b: 37; Dean and Sterling 1990: 404; Dean et al. 1982: 254; Dean et al. 1987: 268; Dondale et al. 2003: 155, mf, desc. (figs 323–328); Harwood 1974: 131; Hoffmaster 1985: 627; Jackman 1997: 75, desc., 161 (photo 21h); Jackman et al. 2007: 199; Jones 1936: 70; Kagan 1942: 23; Kagan 1943: 258; Levi 1968: 338 [S], mf, desc. (figs 43–57); Levi 2004: 52; Nyffeler et al. 1986: 200; Nyffeler et al. 1987c: 368; Nyffeler et al. 1988a: 55; Nyffeler et al. 1992a: 1181; Reddell 1965: 170; Reddell and Finch 1963: 48; Roberts 2001: 48; Sterling et al. 1979: 979; Taber and Fleenor 2003: 236; Taber and Fleenor 2005: 275 (figs 12–13); Vogel 1970b: 4; Young and Edwards 1990: 14

Argiope cophinaria (Walckenaer, 1841); McCook 1893: 217

Epeira riparia Hentz, 1847; Hentz 1875: 106

Distribution

Eastern 2/3 Texas; Archer, Atascosa, Bastrop, Bell, Bexar, Brazos, Burleson, Clay, Collin, Colorado, Comal, Comanche, Cooke, Coryell, Dallas, DeWitt, Denton, Erath, Fannin, Galveston, Gonzales, Grimes, Harris, Hays, Houston, Hunt, Johnson, Kendall, Kerr, Leon, Liberty, Matagorda, McLennan, Nacogdoches, Navarro, Potter, Robertson, Sabine, San Patricio, Travis, Victoria, Walker, Washington, Wichita, Williamson, Wilson

Locality

Adriance Pecan Orchard, Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge, Bill Haney Pecan Orchard, Brison Pecan Orchard, Ellis Prison Unit, Fort Hood, Fort Sam Houston, Holmes Pecan Orchard, Lackland Air Force Base, Lake Grapevine, Lake Tawakoni State Park, Lick Creek Park, Palmetto State Park, Stubblefield Lake, Texas A&M University Rangeland Area, Welder Wildlife Refuge, Wildcat Bluff Nature Center, Williams Lake

Caves

Bell (Medusa Cave [Fort Hood], Road Side Sink [Fort Hood], Seven Cave [Fort Hood]); Coryell (Brokeback Cave [Fort Hood], Mixmaster Cave [Fort Hood]); Hays (Ezell’s Cave, Fern Cave); Kendall (Cueva de los Tres Bobos); Williamson (Steam Cave)

Time of activity

Male (June – September); female (June – November)

Habitat

(crops: cotton, peanuts); (grass: grass, grassland); (landscape features: barns, cave); (littoral: wetlands); (nest/prey: mud dauber nest); (orchard: pecan); (plants: miscellaneous vegetation, vegetation); (soil/woodland: hackberry woodland, trees); (structures: under picnic table); (web: large spider web)

Method

Beating [mf]; cardboard band [imm.]; fogging [m]; pitfall trap [imm.]; suction trap [mf]; sweeping [mf]

Type

North America

Etymology

New Latin, orange

Collection

DMNS, MCZ, MSU, TAMU, TMM

Argiope blanda O. P.-Cambridge, 1898

Argiope blandaJackman 1997: 161; Levi 1968: 348, mf, desc. (figs 137–153); Levi 2004: 60; Vogel 1970b: 4

Distribution

South Texas; Cameron

Locality

Sabal Palm Audubon Sanctuary

Time of activity

Male (May)

Type

Guatemala, Santa Ana

Etymology

Latin, smooth

Collection

MCZ

Argiope trifasciata (Forskål, 1775)

Argiope trifasciataAgnew et al. 1985: 3; Breene 1988: 23–24; Breene et al. 1988: 180; Breene et al. 1993c: 10, 47, 101, mf (figs 148A-C); Cokendolpher et al. 2008: 8, 13 (fig. 3, photo 13); Dean et al. 1982: 254; Dean et al. 1988: 285–286; Dondale et al. 2003: 157, mf, desc. (figs 329–335); Jackman 1997: 76, desc., 161 (photo 21i); Jäger 2012: 294; Jones 1936: 70; Knutson et al. 2010: 515; Levi 1968: 340 [S], mf, desc. (figs 58–72, 74–91); Levi 2004: 54; Nyffeler et al. 1986: 200; Nyffeler et al. 1987c: 370; Rapp 1984: 4; Roberts 2001: 48; Rogers and Horner 1977: 523; Taber and Fleenor 2003: 236; Vogel 1970b: 4; Young and Edwards 1990: 14

Argiope avara Thorell, 1859; McCook 1893: 222, pl. XIV

Distribution

Widespread; Archer, Bastrop, Bell, Bexar, Borden, Brazos, Brown, Burleson, Burleson/Lee, Burnet, Caldwell, Carson, Clay, Collin, Concho, Coryell, Dallas, Denton, Ector, Erath, Fannin, Fayette, Galveston, Garza, Houston, Howard, Lubbock, Martin, Nueces, Oldham, Pecos, Potter, Presidio, Rains, Reagan, Runnels, Travis, Upton, Walker, Ward, Wichita, Young

Locality

Ellis Prison Unit, Lake Dallas, Lick Creek Park, Pantex Lake (edge), Texas A&M University Rangeland Area, Wildcat Bluff Nature Center

Time of activity

Male (June – October); female (January, July, September – November)

Habitat

(crops: cotton, guar, peanuts); (grass: broom weed, grassland, pasture); (nest/prey: mud dauber nest [imm.]); (plants: bush, miscellaneous vegetation, roadside vegetation, vegetation, Baccharis); (soil/woodland: oak, post oak savanna, post oak savanna with pasture, saltcedar, trees/shrubs); (web: in web)

Method

Beating [m]; suction trap [m]; sweeping [mf]

Type

Egypt

Etymology

Latin, three stripes on abdomen of immature

Collection

DMNS, JCC, MSU, TAMU, TTU

Genus Colphepeira Archer, 1941

Colphepeira catawba (Banks, 1911)

Colphepeira catawbaJackman 1997: 161; Levi 1978: 422, mf, desc. (figs 1–15); Roth 1982: 11–2; Roth 1985: B-6–6, B-6–11; Roth 1994: 69

Distribution

Brazos, Val Verde, Wilbarger

Locality

Seminole Canyon State Park

Time of activity

Male (May, October)

Type

North Carolina, Asheville

Etymology

Indian tribe

Collection

TAMU

Genus Cyclosa Menge, 1866

Cyclosa berlandi Levi, 1999

Cyclosa berlandiLevi 1999: 358, mf, desc. (figs 322–332)

Cyclosa walckenaeri (O. P.-Cambridge, 1889); Levi 1977a: 84 [west Texas record]

Distribution

Brewster

Locality

Big Bend National Park, Chisos Mountains

Time of activity

Female (September)

Type

Ecuador, 20 km N Cuenca

Etymology

Person (Berland described spiders from the mountains of Ecuador, illustrated the abdomen of the male, with three posterior tubercles and a nondiagnostic view of the male palpus. As there is only one common species in the area with triforked abdomen in males; the identification is easy, Levi 1999).

Cyclosa caroli (Hentz, 1850)

Cyclosa caroliJackman 1997: 161; Levi 1977a: 82, mf, desc. (figs 51–63); Levi 1999: 336, mf, desc. (figs 162–180)

Distribution

East and south Texas; McLennan

Type

Alabama

Etymology

undetermined

Collection

MSU

Cyclosa conica (Pallas, 1772)

Cyclosa conicaRapp 1984: 4; Woods and Harrel 1976: 43; Young and Edwards 1990: 15 [Levi 1977a: 78, mf, desc. (figs 1–19); page 80: many specimens of C. turbinata erroneously labeled as C. conica]

Distribution

Galveston, Jefferson

Habitat

(crops: rice)

Type

Germany

Etymology

Greek, conical

Cyclosa turbinata (Walckenaer, 1841)

Cyclosa turbinataAgnew et al. 1985: 3; Breene et al. 1993c: 11, 47, 105, mf (figs 159A-C); Brown 1974: 232; Bumroongsook et al. 1992: 17; Calixto et al. 2013: 181; Dean and Eger 1986: 141; Dean and Sterling 1987: 6; Dean and Sterling 1990: 404; Dean et al. 1982: 254; Dean et al. 1987: 268; Dean et al. 1988: 286; Dondale et al. 2003: 164, mf, desc. (figs 347–354); Jackman 1997: 77, desc., 161; Levi 1977a: 80, mf, desc. (figs 20, 38–50); Levi 1999: 356, mf, desc. (figs 314–321); Liao et al. 1984: 410; Nyffeler and Sterling 1994: 1295, 1298; Nyffeler et al. 1986: 196; Nyffeler et al. 1988a: 55; Nyffeler et al. 1992a: 1181; Nyffeler et al. 1992c: 2; Vincent and Frankie 1985: 380; Vogel 1970b: 3; Young and Edwards 1990: 15

Distribution

Widespread; Bandera, Brazos, Burleson, Cameron, Collin, Comanche, Delta, Erath, Fannin, Goliad, Houston, Hunt, Kaufman, McLennan, Nacogdoches, Presidio, Robertson, Travis, Val Verde, Walker, Wharton, Wichita, Williamson

Locality

Adriance Pecan Orchard, Bill Haney Pecan Orchard, Ellis Prison Unit, Goliad State Park, Holmes Pecan Orchard, Lost Maples State Park, South Padre Island, Texas A&M University Rangeland Area

Time of activity

Male (March – September); female (March – October)

Habitat

(crops: cotton, peanuts); (grass: grassland, pasture); (littoral: behind sand dune, past dunes, shrub); (orchard: pecan); (plants: bluebonnets, croton, miscellaneous vegetation, prickly pear, Baccharis, Monarda citriodora); (soil/woodland: live oak, Quercus buckleyi, Quercus virginiana, Ulmus crassifolia); (web: web in hollow sycamore tree, web in shrub)

Method

Beating [m]; cardboard band [m]; D-Vac suction [m]; fogging [mf]; suction trap [m]; sweeping [mf]

Type

Georgia

Etymology

Latin, top-shaped

Collection

DMNS, MSU, TAMU

Cyclosa walckenaeri (O. P.-Cambridge, 1889)

Cyclosa walckenaeriJackman 1997: 161; Levi 1977a: 84, mf, desc. (figs 64–77 [see note below]); Levi 1999: 360, mf, desc. (figs 38, 333–343)

Distribution

Cameron, Hidalgo, Starr

Locality

Laguna Atascosa National Wildlife Refuge

Time of activity

Female (April, June, September)

Habitat

(grass: grasses); (nest/prey: mud dauber nest [f] from Chalybion californicum); (soil/woodland: savanna with native grasses)

Method

Lindgren flight trap [f]; sweeping [f]

Type

Guatemala, Volcan de Fuego

Etymology

Person (arachnologist)

Collection

TAMU

Note

West Texas record is Cyclosa berlandi.

Genus Eriophora Simon, 1864

Eriophora edax (Blackwall, 1863)

Eriophora edaxJackman 1997: 161; Kaston 1972: 150, desc. (figs 337–338); Kaston 1978: 143, desc. (figs 360–361); Levi 1971b: 296, mf, desc. (figs 35–48)

Distribution

South Texas; Cameron, Hidalgo

Locality

Anzalduas County Park, Bentsen-Rio Grande Valley State Park, Frontera Audubon, Russell Farm, Sabal Palm Audubon Sanctuary

Time of activity

Male (March – April, August, October); female (February, May – June, August, December)

Habitat

(orchard: grapefruit, orange); (structures: on pavement)

Type

Brazil, Rio de Janeiro

Etymology

Latin, greedy or devouring

Collection

MSU, NMSU, TAMU

Eriophora ravilla (C. L. Koch, 1844)

Eriophora ravillaBradley 2013: 89; Breene et al. 1993c: 11, 47, 103, mf (figs 154A-D); Dean et al. 1982: 254; Jackman 1997: 77, desc., 161 (photo 21k); Levi 1971b: 286 [S, T], mf, desc. (figs 7–24); Roewer 1942: 866; Young and Edwards 1990: 15

Epeira ravilla C. L. Koch, 1844; Banks 1910: 43; Marx 1890: 547; McCook 1893: 161

Araneus ravillus (C. L. Koch, 1844); Petrunkevitch 1911: 312

Epeira balaustina McCook, 1888; McCook 1893: 155

Epeira bivariolata O. P.-Cambridge, 1889; McCook 1893: 159

Araneus balaustinus (McCook, 1888); Petrunkevitch 1911: 281

Eriophora variolata O. P.-Cambridge, 1889; F. O. P.-Cambridge 1903: 464

Araneus variolatus (O. P.-Cambridge, 1889); Petrunkevitch 1911: 323; Vogel 1970b: 3

Distribution

Southeast and south Texas; Aransas, Brazoria, Brazos, Cameron, Harris, Hidalgo, Nacogdoches, Nueces, Walker

Locality

Ellis Prison Unit, Frontera Audubon, Lick Creek Park, Resaca de la Palma State Park, Russell Farm, Sabal Palm Audubon Sanctuary, Santa Ana National Wildlife Refuge

Time of activity

Male (March – April, November); female (March – June, August, October – November)

Habitat

(crops: cotton); (grass: grasses); (orchard: orange, grapefruit); (soil/woodland: forest, palm forest); (structures: around house)

Method

Beating [mf]; sweeping [m]

Type

Mexico

Etymology

Latin, gray-yellow

Collection

NMSU, TAMU

Genus Eustala Simon, 1895

Eustala anastera (Walckenaer, 1841)

Eustala anasteraAgnew et al. 1985: 3; Armstrong and Richman 2007: 395; Bonnet 1956: 1837; Breene et al. 1993c: 11, 47, 104, mf (figs 155A-C); Brown 1974: 232; Calixto et al. 2013: 181; Dean and Eger 1986: 141; Dean and Sterling 1987: 6; Dean and Sterling 1990: 402, 404; Dean et al. 1982: 254; Dean et al. 1988: 285–286; Dondale et al. 2003: 267, mf, desc. (figs 600–611); Jackman 1997: 78, desc., 161 (photo 21l); Kagan 1942: 30; Kagan 1943: 258; Knutson et al. 2010: 515; Levi 1977a: 114 [S], mf, desc. (figs 205–232, 280–285, 298–302, 314–315); Liao et al. 1984: 410; Rapp 1984: 4; Rogers and Horner 1977: 523; Young and Edwards 1990: 15

Epeira anastera Walckenaer, 1841; McCook 1893: 172

Eustala anestera (Walckenaer, 1841); Vogel 1970b: 4

Eustala prompta (Hentz, 1847); Jones 1936: 70

Distribution

Widespread; Archer, Atascosa, Bastrop, Baylor, Bee, Blanco, Brazos, Brown, Burleson, Cameron, Clay, Collin, Colorado, Comanche, Dallas, Erath, Galveston, Gillespie, Hidalgo, Houston, Howard, Hunt, McLennan, Montague, Nacogdoches, Nueces, Orange, Presidio, Robertson, Scurry, Travis, Walker, Wichita

Locality

Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge, Big Bend Ranch State Park, Bill Haney Pecan Orchard, Ellis Prison Unit, Frontera Audubon, Galveston Island State Park, Holmes Pecan Orchard, Lick Creek Park, Proctor Lake, Russell Farm, Sabal Palm Audubon Sanctuary

Time of activity

Male (March – October); female (April – December)

Habitat

(crops: cotton, guar, peanuts); (grass: grass, grassland, grassy and shrub area, pasture); (littoral: salt marsh area, sandy area); (nest/prey: mud dauber nest [f]); (objects: croton cage); (orchard: grapefruit, orange, pecan, sour orange, tangerine); (plants: bluebonnets, Indian paintbrush, vegetation); (soil/woodland: brush, mesquite, saltcedar, trees/shrubs, Juniperus ashei, Quercus virginiana, Ulmus crassifolia)

Method

Beating [m]; beating/sweeping [f]; black light trap [m]; boll weevil pheromone trap [mf]; cardboard band [mf]; D-Vac suction [f]; fogging [mf]; pitfall trap [mf]; suction trap [mf]; sweeping [mf]

Type

Georgia

Etymology

Greek, solid throughout

Collection

DMNS, MSU, NMSU, TAMU

Eustala bifida F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1904

Eustala bifidaArmstrong and Richman 2007: 395; Jackman 1997: 161; Levi 1977a: 108, mf, desc. (figs 167–175, 178)

Distribution

Cameron, Wichita

Locality

Russell Farm, Sabal Palm Audubon Sanctuary

Time of activity

Male (March); female (February)

Habitat

(soil/woodland: palm grove)

Method

Boll weevil pheromone trap [m]

Type

Costa Rica, San Jose

Etymology

Latin, female abdomen with two conical tubercles at end

Collection

MSU, NMSU

Eustala brevispina Gertsch & Davis, 1936

Eustala brevispinaArmstrong and Richman 2007: 395; Bonnet 1956: 1839; Gertsch and Davis 1936: 12, mf, desc. (figs 9–10); Jackman 1997: 161; Levi 1977a: 106, mf, desc. (figs 149–158); Roewer 1942: 768; Vogel 1970b: 4

Distribution

Cameron

Locality

Russell Farm

Time of activity

Male (December); female (March, May – June)

Method

Boll weevil pheromone trap [f]

Type

Texas (male, Cameron Co., December 1934, L. I. Davis, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Latin, short spines

Collection

NMSU

Eustala cameronensis Gertsch & Davis, 1936

Eustala cameronensisBonnet 1956: 1839; Gertsch and Davis 1936: 13, m, desc. (fig. 13); Jackman 1997: 161; Levi 1977a: 112, m, desc. (figs 189–191); Roewer 1942: 768

Eustala cameronsis Gertsch & Davis, 1936; Vogel 1970b: 4

Distribution

Cameron, Hidalgo

Time of activity

Male (“January-March”, September)

Type

Texas (male, Cameron Co., January-March 1936, L. I. Davis, holotype, AMNH)

[female unknown]

Etymology

locality (county)

Eustala cepina (Walckenaer, 1841)

Eustala cepinaBreene et al. 1993c: 11, 47, 104, mf (figs 156A-C); Calixto et al. 2013: 181; Dean and Eger 1986: 141; Dean and Sterling 1987: 6; Dean and Sterling 1990: 404; Dondale et al. 2003: 271, mf, desc. (figs 622–631); Jackman 1997: 161; Levi 1977a: 118, mf, desc. (figs 233–252, 286–290, 303–308, 316)

Distribution

Eastern ½ Texas; Archer, Brazos, Cameron, Clay, Colorado, Comanche, Dickens, Fayette (imm.), Hunt, Montague, Robertson, Throckmorton, Travis, Walker, Wichita, Willacy, Williamson

Locality

Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge, Bill Haney Pecan Orchard, Ellis Prison Unit, Holmes Pecan Orchard

Time of activity

Male (March – July); female (March – August)

Habitat

(crops: cotton); (nest/prey: mud dauber nest); (orchard: pecan); (plants: bluebonnets, Indian paintbrush, vegetation); (soil/woodland: tree, trees/shrubs, Quercus buckleyi)

Method

Beating [f]; cardboard band [f]; fogging [mf]; suction trap [m]; sweeping [mf]

Type

Georgia

Etymology

Latin, field

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Eustala clavispina (O. P.-Cambridge, 1889)

Eustala clavispinaJackman 1997: 161; Levi 1977a: 106, mf, desc. (figs 159–166, 176–177)

Eustala rosae Chamberlin & Ivie, 1935; Gertsch and Davis 1936: 14; Vogel 1970b: 4 [Texas records]

Distribution

Cameron, Hidalgo

Locality

Hoblitzelle Farms

Time of activity

Male (February)

Type

Guatemala, Vera Paz, Cubilguitz

Etymology

Latin, upper side of abdomen with claviform spines

Collection

TAMU

Eustala conchlea (McCook, 1888)

Eustala conchlea [Levi 1977a: 122, mf, desc. (figs 269–279, 296, 312, 318)]

Distribution

Clay

Type

California

Etymology

Greek, shell-like

Collection

MSU

Eustala devia (Gertsch & Mulaik, 1936)

Eustala deviaJackman 1997: 161; Levi 1977a: 101 [T], mf, desc. (figs 118–127)

Neosconella devia Gertsch & Mulaik, 1936; Bonnet 1958: 3061; Gertsch and Mulaik 1936b: 16, f, desc. (fig. 38); Vogel 1970b: 4

Aranea devia (Gertsch & Mulaik, 1936); Roewer 1942: 860

Distribution

Hidalgo

Time of activity

Female (August)

Type

Texas (female, Hidalgo Co., Edinburg, August 25, 1935, S. Mulaik, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Latin, out of the way

Eustala emertoni (Banks, 1904)

Eustala emertoniDondale et al. 2003: 269, mf, desc. (figs 612–621); Jackman 1997: 161; Jackman et al. 2007: 199; Levi 1977a: 120, mf, desc. (figs 253–268, 291–295, 309–311, 317); Tugmon et al. 1990: 44

Distribution

Eastern 2/3 Texas; Archer, Bastrop, Bell, Bosque, Brazoria, Brazos, Brown, Cameron, Colorado, Denton, Hunt, Kaufman, Robertson, Travis, Walker, Wichita

Locality

Ellis Prison Unit, Holmes Pecan Orchard, Lacuna Park, Lake Tawakoni State Park, Lick Creek Park, Nash Prairie, South Padre Island

Time of activity

Male (April – July, September – November); female (March – October)

Habitat

(crops: cotton); (grass: grass, grass marsh, grassland); (littoral: behind dune, dune vegetation, low dune grass); (nest/prey: mud dauber nest); (orchard: pecan); (plants: croton, miscellaneous vegetation, vegetation); (soil/woodland: woods, Quercus buckleyi, Quercus virginiana, Ulmus crassifolia); (web: large spider web)

Method

Beating [f]; beating/sweeping [f]; D-Vac suction [f]; sweeping [mf]

Type

Georgia

Etymology

Person (arachnologist)

Collection

DMNS, MSU, TAMU

Genus Gasteracantha Sundevall, 1833

Gasteracantha cancriformis (Linnaeus, 1758)

Gasteracantha cancriformisBonnet 1957: 1945; Brown 1974: 232; Bumroongsook et al. 1992: 18; Jackman 1997: 78, desc., 161 (photo 21m); Levi 1978: 437, mf, desc. (figs 69–84); Liao et al. 1984: 410; McCook 1893: 211; Marx 1890: 539; Petrunkevitch 1911: 343; Roth 1982: 11–2; Roth 1985: B-6–2, B-6–8; Roth 1994: 68; Taber and Fleenor 2003: 237; Taber and Fleenor 2005: 281; Vogel 1970b: 5; Yantis 2005: 197

Distribution

Eastern 2/3 Texas; Bastrop, Bell, Bexar, Brazoria, Brazos, Burleson, Cameron, Denton, Galveston, Gonzalez, Grimes, Harris, Hidalgo, Leon, McLennan, Nacogdoches, Sabine, San Patricio, Shelby, Travis, Van Zandt, Walker, Wharton, Wichita, Zapata

Locality

5-Eagle Ranch, Adriance Pecan Orchard, Lick Creek Park, Lower Rio Grande Valley National Wildlife Refuge, Nash Prairie, Palmetto State Park, Sabal Palm Audubon Sanctuary, Texas A&M University Rangeland Area

Time of activity

Male (April, June – July, September – October); female (January – December)

Habitat

(grass: grassland); (littoral: sedge meadow); (nest/prey: mud dauber nest [imm.] from Chalybion californicum); (orchard: pecan); (plants: bush, miscellaneous vegetation, vegetation); (soil/woodland: beech-magnolia forest, oak pine forest, post oak savanna, post oak woods [%: 85], re-vegetated site, trees, woods); (web: web near creek)

Method

5 gallon bucket trap [f]; beating [mf]; beating/sweeping [f]; malaise trap [f]; sweeping [f]; uv light [m]

Type

Jamaica

Etymology

Latin, crab-like

Collection

DMNS, MSU, TAMU

Note

Color variation of abdomen of female includes white, yellow, orange and red.

Genus Gea C. L. Koch, 1843

Gea heptagon (Hentz, 1850)

Gea heptagonAgnew et al. 1985: 7; Breene et al. 1993c: 11, 47, 101, mf (figs 146A-C); Brown 1974: 232; Dean and Eger 1986: 141; Dean and Sterling 1985: 116; Dean and Sterling 1987: 6; Dean and Sterling 1992: 3–4; Dean et al. 1982: 254; Dean et al. 1987: 268; Dean et al. 1988: 285–286; Dondale et al. 2003: 151, mf, desc. (figs 314–322); Jackman 1997: 79, desc., 161; Kagan 1942: 37; Kagan 1943: 258; Kaston 1972: 143, desc. (fig. 320); Kaston 1978: 137, desc. (fig. 343); Knutson et al. 2010: 515; Levi 1968: 324, mf, desc. (figs 1–24); Nyffeler and Sterling 1994: 1295, 1298; Nyffeler et al. 1987c: 372; Nyffeler et al. 1988a: 55; Nyffeler et al. 1989: 374, 377; Nyffeler et al. 1992c: 2; Rapp 1984: 5; Roth 1982: 11–2; Roth 1985: B-6–2, B-6–8; Roth 1994: 67; Vogel 1970b: 4; Woods and Harrel 1976: 43; Young and Edwards 1990: 15

Distribution

East and south Texas; Brazos, Burleson, Caldwell, Colorado, Comal, Erath, Fayette, Fort Bend, Galveston, Houston, Howard, Jefferson, Kerr, Madison, Matagorda, McLennan, Nacogdoches, Nueces, Polk, San Patricio, Travis, Van Zandt, Walker, Wichita

Locality

Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge, Ellis Prison Unit, Lick Creek Park, Texas A&M University Rangeland Area

Time of activity

Male (March – November); female (March, May – September)

Habitat

(crops: cotton, rice); (grass: grassland, grassy and shrub area, pasture); (littoral: salt marsh area); (nest/prey: mud dauber nest [mf]); (plants: Indian paintbrush, miscellaneous vegetation, vegetation, yarrow, Monarda citriodora); (soil/woodland: forest, saltcedar, Quercus virginiana); (structures: indoors)

Method

Beating/sweeping [f]; D-Vac suction [f]; pitfall trap [mf]; suction trap [imm.]; sweeping [mf]

Type

North Carolina and Alabama

Etymology

Greek, seven-sided

Collection

DMNS, MSU, NMSU, TAMU

Genus Hypsosinga Ausserer, 1871

Hypsosinga funebris (Keyserling, 1892)

Hypsosinga funebrisCokendolpher et al. 2008: 8, 13; Dean and Eger 1986: 141; Dondale et al. 2003: 292, mf, desc. (figs 688–696); Jackman 1997: 161; Levi 1975b: 273 [S]

Hypsosinga singaeformis (Scheffer, 1904); Cokendolpher and Reddell 2001b: 37; Levi 1972: 246, mf, desc. (figs 58–71)

Distribution

Andrews, Atascosa, Bell, Bexar, Brazos, Burleson, Cameron, Carson, Fayette, Glasscock, Hidalgo, Howard, Kerr, Motley, Sterling, Uvalde, Val Verde

Locality

5-Eagle Ranch, Fort Hood, Garner State Park, NK Ranch, South Padre Island, Seminole Canyon State Park

Caves

Bell (Canyon Side Sink [Fort Hood])

Time of activity

Male (March 30-April 6, April – July, September); female (April – July, September)

Habitat

(grass: dune, grassland); (landscape features: cave); (littoral: dune, near playa); (plants: Indian paintbrush, miscellaneous vegetation, roadside vegetation); (soil/woodland: post oak savanna with pasture, trees/shrubs)

Method

Beating [mf]; pitfall trap [mf]; sweeping [mf]

Type

Florida, Crescent City

Etymology

Latin, of a funeral

Collection

TAMU

Hypsosinga rubens (Hentz, 1847)

Hypsosinga rubensAgnew et al. 1985: 3; Breene et al. 1993c: 11, 47, 107, mf (figs 165A-C); Dean et al. 1982: 254; Dondale et al. 2003: 289, mf, desc. (figs 675–687); Jackman 1997: 161; Kaston 1978: 152, desc. (fig. 380); Levi 1972: 248 [S], mf, desc. (figs 72–88); Young and Edwards 1990: 15

Singa nigripes Keyserling, 1884; McCook 1893: 232; Marx 1890: 549

Araneus nigripes (Keyserling, 1884); Petrunkevitch 1911: 306

Distribution

North-central and central Texas; Aransas, Brazos, Brown, Erath, Fannin, Hunt, Kenedy, Montague, Montgomery, San Saba, Travis, Walker, Young

Locality

Ellis Prison Unit, Goose Island State Park, Jones State Forest, Lick Creek Park, NK Ranch

Time of activity

Male (March – May, August), female (March – June, August)

Habitat

(crops: cotton, peanuts); (plants: miscellaneous vegetation); (soil/woodland: juniper, woods, Juniperus ashei, Ulmus crassifolia)

Method

Beating [f]; hanging carrion trap [f]; pitfall trap [f]; sweeping [f]

Type

Alabama

Etymology

Latin, red

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Genus Kaira O. P.-Cambridge, 1889

Kaira alba (Hentz, 1850)

Kaira albaJackman 1997: 161; Levi 1977b: 216, mf, desc. (figs 117–129); Levi 1993c: 216, mf, desc. (figs 1- 2, 23–28)

Distribution

North-central and south Texas; Brazos, Denton, Hidalgo, Travis, Uvalde

Locality

Garner State Park, Lick Creek Park

Time of activity

Male (May, July)

Habitat

(soil/woodland: Quercus virginiana)

Method

Beating [m]; beating/sweeping [m]

Type

North Carolina

Etymology

Latin, white

Collection

TAMU

Kaira altiventer O. P.-Cambridge, 1889

Kaira altiventerJackman 1997: 161; Levi 1977b: 218, mf, desc. (figs 130–137); Levi 1993c: 213, mf, desc. (figs 3–22)

Distribution

Cameron, Hidalgo

Locality

Frontera Audubon

Time of activity

Male (March, August); female (December)

Habitat

(orchard: grapefruit, sour orange); (soil/woodland: low shrubs)

Type

Panama, Veragux

Etymology

Latin, high belly

Collection

TAMU

Kaira hiteae Levi, 1977

Kaira hiteaeJackman 1997: 161; Levi 1977b: 220, m, desc. (figs 138–140); Levi 1993c: 222, f, desc. (figs 82–85)

Distribution

Brazos, Cameron, Colorado, Dallas, Grayson, Travis

Locality

Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge, South Padre Island, Texas A&M University Rangeland Area

Time of activity

Male (July – August); female (September – November)

Habitat

(plants: vegetation)

Method

sweeping [f]

Type

Arkansas, Boston Mountains, Cove Creek Valley

Etymology

Person (The species is named after M. Hite, the collector of several specimens of this rare species, Levi 1993c).

Collection

MCZ, TAMU

Genus Larinia Simon, 1874

Larinia directa (Hentz, 1847)

Larinia directaAgnew et al. 1985: 4; Armstrong and Richman 2007: 395; Banks 1894: 8; Breene et al. 1993b: 647; Brown 1974: 232; Dean and Eger 1986: 141; Dean and Sterling 1990: 404; Hoffmaster 1985: 627; Jackman 1997: 79, desc., 161; Knutson et al. 2010: 515; Levi 1975a: 105 [T], mf, desc. (figs 1–12, 31, 34, 37–41); Young and Edwards 1990: 15

Drexelia directa (Hentz, 1847); Woods and Harrel 1976: 43

Distribution

Southern ½ Texas, west Texas; Archer, Bosque, Brazos, Brewster, Burleson, Cameron, Colorado, Erath, Fayette, Freestone, Goliad, Hidalgo, Hopkins, Howard, Hunt, Jefferson, Kenedy, Nacogdoches, Presidio, San Patricio, Victoria, Walker, Wichita, Willacy

Locality

Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge, Bentsen-Rio Grande Valley State Park, Ellis Prison Unit, Lacuna Park, Lick Creek Park, Russell Farm, Sabal Palm Audubon Sanctuary, Santa Ana National Wildlife Refuge, Somerville Lake, South Padre Island, Welder Wildlife Refuge

Time of activity

Male (February – August, October, December); female (February – September)

Habitat

(crops: peanuts, rice, sugarcane); (littoral: dune); (nest/prey: mud dauber nest [f]); (orchard: grapefruit, orange); (plants: bluebonnets, Indian paintbrush, miscellaneous vegetation, vegetation, next to cotton field); (soil/woodland: saltcedar)

Method

Boll weevil pheromone trap [mf]; moth pheromone trap [f]; suction trap [m]; sweeping [mf]

Type

South Carolina and Alabama

Etymology

Latin, straight

Collection

DMNS, MSU, NMSU, TAMU

Genus Larinioides Caporiacco, 1934

Larinioides cornutus (Clerck, 1757)

Larinioides cornutusDondale et al. 2003: 184, mf, desc. (figs 395–401); Grasshoff 1983: 227 [T]; Guarisco 2008b: 5; Jackman 1997: 80, desc., 161; Jackman et al. 2007: 199; Roberts 2001: 48

Nuctenea cornuta (Clerck, 1757); Agnew et al. 1985: 7; Levi 1974: 306 [S, T], mf, desc. (figs 61–62, 67–76, 94, 97–98, 110–111, 118–119, 126); Rapp 1984: 5

Araneus cornutus Clerck, 1757; Vogel 1970b: 3

Epeira strix Hentz, 1847; Jones 1936: 70

Distribution

Eastern 2/3 Texas; Archer, Baylor, Brown, Burnet, Clay, Comanche, Cooke, Dallas, Denton, Galveston, Grayson, Hood, Hunt, Lee, Palo Pinto, Potter, Travis, Wichita

Locality

Galveston Island State Park, Inks Lake State Park, Lake Somerville State Park [Nails Creek Unit], Lake Tawakoni State Park, Lakeside Park South, Proctor Lake, Wildcat Bluff Nature Center

Time of activity

Male (March – April, June, August – September, November); female (January – May, July – December)

Habitat

(grass: grassy and shrub area, pasture); (littoral: salt marsh area); (soil/woodland: sandy area, tree, under bark); (structures: house); (web: communal web, dead in web, large spider web)

Method

Beating [mf]; pitfall trap; sweeping

Type

Sweden

Etymology

Latin, referring to horn or projection

Collection

DMNS, MSU, TAMU

Larinioides patagiatus (Clerck, 1757)

Larinioides patagiatusDondale et al. 2003: 186, mf, desc. (figs 402–408); Grasshoff 1983: 227 [T]; Jackman 1997: 161

Nuctenea patagiata (Clerck, 1757); Levi 1974: 309, mf, desc. (figs 77–84, 100–102, 107, 112–113, 120–123, 127)

Distribution

South Texas

Type

Sweden

Etymology

Latin, gold-bordered

Larinioides sclopetarius (Clerck, 1757)

Larinioides sclopetariusGrasshoff 1983: 227 [T]; Jackman 1997: 161

Nuctenea sclopetaria (Clerck, 1757) [Levi 1974: 310 [S], mf, desc. (figs 85–88, 103–104, 108, 114–115, 124–125, 128)]

Araneus sericatus Clerck, 1757; Brown 1974: 232

Distribution

Nacogdoches

Locality

Lake Rayburn

Time of activity

Male (August); female (August)

Type

Sweden

Etymology

Greek, pointed

Genus Mangora O. P.-Cambridge, 1889

Mangora calcarifera F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1904

Mangora calcariferaJackman 1997: 161; Levi 1975a: 132, mf, desc. (figs 131–144); Levi 2005a: 150

Distribution

South Texas; Cameron

Time of activity

Male (March, September); female (October)

Habitat

(soil/woodland: palm grove)

Type

Guatemala, Petexbatún

Etymology

Latin, spur on palp

Mangora fascialata Franganillo, 1936

Mangora fascialataAgnew et al. 1985: 7; Breene et al. 1993c: 11, 47, 102, mf (figs 150A-C); Dean and Sterling 1987: 6; Jackman 1997: 161; Levi 1975a: 128, mf, desc. (figs 110–117); Levi 2005a: 162

Distribution

South Texas; Brazos, Brewster, Comal, Coryell, Erath, Frio, Hidalgo, Uvalde

Locality

Big Bend National Park, Garner State Park, Texas A&M University Rangeland Area

Time of activity

Male (June – July); female (May – July)

Habitat

(crops: cotton); (littoral: cane and mesquite along river); (soil/woodland: post oak savanna with pasture)

Method

sweeping

Type

Cuba

Etymology

Latin, a band

Collection

TAMU

Mangora gibberosa (Hentz, 1847)

Mangora gibberosaAgnew et al. 1985: 7; Breene et al. 1993c: 12, 47, 102, mf (figs 151A-C); Brown 1974: 232; Dean et al. 1982: 254; Dean et al. 1988: 286; Dondale et al. 2003: 134, mf, desc. (figs 271–277); Hoffmaster 1985: 627; Jackman 1997: 161; Kagan 1942: 36; Kagan 1943: 258; Kaston 1978: 140, desc. (fig. 352); Knutson et al. 2010: 515; Levi 1975a: 130, mf, desc. (figs 118–130); Levi 2005a: 161; Nyffeler et al. 1988a: 55; Vogel 1970b: 4; Young and Edwards 1990: 15

Distribution

Eastern ½ Texas; Anderson, Bastrop, Brazos, Burleson, Cherokee, DeWitt, Erath, Fannin, Goliad, Gonzales, Henderson, Houston, Howard, Hunt, Kerr, Lavaca, Limestone, McLennan, Nacogdoches, Polk, Presidio, Rains, San Patricio, Travis, Uvalde, Van Zandt, Walker, Wichita, Williamson

Locality

Bastrop State Park, Ellis Prison Unit, Garner State Park, Lick Creek Park, Palmetto State Park, Riley Estate, Texas A&M University Rangeland Area, Welder Wildlife Refuge

Time of activity

Male (May – November); female (April – November)

Habitat

(crops: cotton); (grass: grass, grassland, meadow, pasture); (nest/prey: mud dauber nest in garage [f]); (plants: miscellaneous vegetation, roadside vegetation, vegetation, Baccharis); (soil/woodland: post oak savanna, saltcedar, willow)

Method

sweeping [mf]

Type

Alabama

Etymology

Latin, humped

Collection

DMNS, MSU, TAMU

Mangora maculata (Keyserling, 1865)

Mangora maculataAgnew et al. 1985: 7; Dondale et al. 2003: 139, mf, desc. (figs 285–290); Henderson 2007: 65, 76, 79, 82; Jackman 1997: 161; Kaston 1978: 140, desc. (fig. 353); Levi 1975a: 122, mf, desc. (figs 58–68); Levi 1975a: 122

Distribution

Southeast Texas; Brazos, Comanche, Erath, Gonzales, Travis, Walker

Locality

Lick Creek Park, Nabor’s Lake, Palmetto State Park

Time of activity

Male (May – August); female (June – July, July 15-August 15)

Habitat

(nest/prey: mud dauber nest [f]); (plants: vegetation); (soil/woodland: upland woods, woods, Quercus buckleyi)

Method

Beating [m]; pitfall trap [f]; sweeping [m]

Type

Maryland, Baltimore

Etymology

Latin, markings

Collection

TAMU

Mangora placida (Hentz, 1847)

Mangora placidaAgnew et al. 1985: 7; Brown 1974: 232; Dondale et al. 2003: 136, mf, desc. (figs 278–284); Jackman 1997: 161; Kaston 1972: 146, desc. (fig. 328); Kaston 1978: 140, desc. (fig. 351); Levi 1975a: 126, mf, desc. (figs 80–81, 90–101); Levi 2005a: 164

Distribution

Eastern 2/3 Texas; Bastrop, Brazos, Burleson, Comal, Erath, Fannin, Gonzales, Kerr, Montague, Montgomery, Nacogdoches, Polk, Travis, Walker, Wichita

Locality

5-Eagle Ranch, Bastrop State Park, Holmes Pecan Orchard, Jones State Forest, Lick Creek Park, Palmetto State Park, Sam Houston National Forest, Stubblefield Lake

Time of activity

Male (February – July), female (March – October)

Habitat

(littoral: creek bank, near creek, sedge meadow); (nest/prey: mud dauber nest [imm.]); (orchard: pecan); (plants: miscellaneous vegetation, vegetation); (soil/woodland: brush, old field, trees, woods, Juniperus ashei, Quercus buckleyi, Quercus virginiana, Ulmus crassifolia)

Method

Beating [mf]; beating/sweeping [f]; cardboard band [mf]; fogging [mf]; sweeping [mf]

Type

Alabama

Etymology

Latin, mild or gentle, placid

Collection

DMNS, MSU, TAMU

Mangora spiculata (Hentz, 1847)

Mangora spiculataJackman 1997: 161; Levi 1975a: 125, mf, desc. (figs 82–89); Levi 2005a: 164

Distribution

East and south Texas; Hunt, Montgomery, Orange, Walker

Locality

Jones State Forest

Time of activity

Male (June, August); female (April, August)

Habitat

(plants: vegetation)

Method

sweeping [mf]

Type

Alabama

Etymology

Latin, a point

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Genus Mastophora Holmberg, 1876

Mastophora alvareztoroi Ibarra & Jiménez, 2003

Mastophora alvareztoroiLevi 2003: 360, mf, desc. (figs 296–307)

Distribution

Hidalgo

Locality

Santa Ana National Wildlife Refuge

Time of activity

Female (December)

Type

Mexico, Chiapas, Rancho Alejandria, Municipio Estacion Juarez

Etymology

Person (The species was named after the collector, the late Miguel Alvarez del Toro, who dedicated his life to the study and protection of the Chiapas fauna and is the author of a book on Chiapas spiders, Levi 2003).

Mastophora cornigera (Hentz, 1850)

Mastophora cornigeraGertsch 1955: 233, mf, desc. (figs 1–5, 37, 41–42); Jackman 1997: 161; Levi 2003: 344, mf, desc. (figs 169–182, 455); Liao et al. 1984: 410; Vogel 1970b: 4

Distribution

Brazos, Cameron, Duval, Galveston, Hidalgo, Robertson, San Patricio, Travis, Wilson

Locality

Frontera Audubon, Lick Creek Park, Santa Ana National Wildlife Refuge, Welder Wildlife Refuge

Time of activity

Male (March – April, June – July, October – December); female (January – February, June – July, October, December)

Habitat

(orchard: grapefruit); (soil/woodland: scrub live oak, Quercus buckleyi, Quercus virginiana, Ulmus crassifolia)

Method

Beating [m]; beating/sweeping [m]; fogging [m]; sweeping [m]

Eggs/spiderlings

Brazos [eggsac collected July 24, 2002, hatched week of August 26, 34 males, 65 immatures]; Cameron [62 males, 64 immatures, emerged June; 63 males, 64 immatures, emerged February; eggsac collected February 10, 1980, hatch March 15, 18 males, 25 immatures]; Hidalgo [59 males, 70 immatures, emerged April] [TAMU]

Type

Alabama

Etymology

Latin, horned

Collection

TAMU

Mastophora leucabulba (Gertsch, 1955)

Mastophora leucabulbaLevi 2003: 358, mf, desc. (figs 288–295)

Agathostichus leucabulba Gertsch, 1955; Jackman 1997: 161

Agatostichus leucabulba Gertsch, 1955; Gertsch 1955: 250, f, desc. (figs 34, 38, 40); Roth 1982: 11–1; Roth 1985: B-6–3, B-6–8; Roth 1994: 68; Vogel 1967: 22; Vogel 1970b: 3

Distribution

Cameron, Duval, Hidalgo, Wilson

Locality

Santa Ana National Wildlife Refuge

Time of activity

Male (April)

Type

Texas (female, Cameron Co., E of Harlingen, January-March, 1936, L. I. Davis, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Latin, white bulbous processes on carapace

Collection

TAMU

Mastophora phrynosoma Gertsch, 1955

Mastophora phrynosomaBradley 2013: 96; Jackman 1997: 161; Levi 2003: 336, mf, desc. (figs 86–99, 449–450)

Distribution

Walker

Locality

Huntsville State Park

Time of activity

Female (September)

Habitat

(soil/woodland: bush, elm)

Type

North Carolina, Burlington

Etymology

Greek, toad-like

Collection

TAMU

Mastophora stowei Levi, 2003

Mastophora stoweiLevi 2003: 334, mf, desc. (figs 63–74, 447)

Distribution

Harrison

Time of activity

Female (July)

Type

Florida, Gainesville

Etymology

Person (The species is named after the collector, Mark Stowe, who has contributed much to our knowledge of Mastophora, Levi 2003).

Genus Mecynogea Simon, 1903

Mecynogea lemniscata (Walckenaer, 1841)

Mecynogea lemniscataAgnew et al. 1985: 4; Breene et al. 1993c: 12, 47, 105, mf (figs 158A-C); Dean and Sterling 1990: 404; Dean et al. 1982: 254; Jackman 1997: 80, desc., 161 (photo 21q); Knutson et al. 2010: 515; Levi 1980: 13 [S, T], mf, desc. (figs 1–15); Roth 1982: 11–2; Roth 1985: B-6–4, B-6–9; Roth 1994: 69, 72; Yantis 2005: 197; Young and Edwards 1990: 15

Allepeira lemniscata (Walckenaer, 1841); Exline 1948: 311

Epeira basilica McCook, 1878; McCook 1878: 133; McCook 1889: 164

Hentzia basilica (McCook, 1878); Comstock 1912: 417; Comstock 1940: 431; McCook 1893: 244; Petrunkevitch 1911: 349; Vogel 1970b: 5

Argiope basilica McCook, 1878; Marx 1890: 541

Allepeira basilica (McCook, 1878); Bryant 1940: 358; Roewer 1942: 778

Mecynogea basilica (McCook, 1878); Brown 1974: 232

Distribution

Eastern 2/3 Texas; Archer, Bexar, Brazos, Burleson, Cameron, Comanche, Erath, Garza, Gonzales, Hidalgo, Houston, Howard, Hunt, Hutchinson, Nacogdoches, Sabine, Travis, Walker, Wichita

Locality

5-Eagle Ranch, Bentsen-Rio Grande Valley State Park, Ellis Prison Unit, Johnson Ranch, Lake Tawakoni State Park, Lick Creek Park, Palmetto State Park, Proctor Lake, Santa Ana National Wildlife Refuge

Time of activity

Male (May – July); female (May – August)

Habitat

(crops: cotton, peanuts); (nest/prey: mud dauber nest [mf in Chalybion californicum, f in Sceliphron caementarium]); (soil/woodland: beech-magnolia forest, pine woods [%: 99], saltcedar, willow, woods); (web: in web, web in oak tree)

Method

5 gallon bucket trap [m]; beating [m]; malaise trap [m]; suction trap [m]; sweeping [mf]

Type

Georgia

Etymology

Latin, adorned with ribbons

Collection

MCZ, MSU, NMSU, TAMU

Genus Metazygia F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1904

Metazygia wittfeldae (McCook, 1894)

Metazygia wittfeldaeArmstrong and Richman 2007: 395; Breene et al. 1993c: 12, 47, 106, mf (figs 162A-C); Dean et al. 1982: 254; Guarisco 2008b: 5; Jackman 1997: 161; Jackman et al. 2007: 199; Kaston 1953: 190, desc. (fig. 467); Kaston 1972: 158, desc. (fig. 352); Kaston 1978: 150, desc. (fig. 376); Levi 1977a: 92, mf, desc. (figs 90–103); Levi 1995: 81; Rice 1986: 124; Young and Edwards 1990: 15

Distribution

Central, southeast and south Texas; Brazos, Burnet, Cameron, Dallas, Fort Bend, Goliad, Hood, Hunt, Lee, Montgomery, San Patricio, Walker, Washington

Locality

Ellis Prison Unit, Goliad State Park, Lake Buchanan, Lake Corpus Christi State Park, Lake Somerville State Park [Nails Creek Unit], Lake Tawakoni State Park, Lakeside Park South, Russell Farm

Time of activity

Male (March – April, June – August); female (March – May, July – November)

Habitat

(crops: cotton); (web: large spider web)

Method

Boll weevil pheromone trap [mf]

Type

Florida

Etymology

Person (after the late Miss Anna Wittfeld, of Merrit Island, Florida)

Collection

MSU, NMSU, TAMU

Metazygia zilloides (Banks, 1898)

Metazygia zilloidesArmstrong and Richman 2007: 395; Breene et al. 1993a: 169; Breene et al. 1993b: 647; Jackman 1997: 161; Levi 1977a: 92, mf, desc. (figs 104–111); Levi 1995: 86; Rice 1986: 124

Distribution

Central and south Texas; Bell, Cameron, Hidalgo, Hunt, Lee, Montgomery, San Patricio, Starr, Travis, Willacy

Locality

Bentsen-Rio Grande Valley State Park, Frontera Audubon, Lake Corpus Christi State Park, Lake Somerville State Park [Nails Creek Unit], Russell Farm, Sabal Palm Audubon Sanctuary

Time of activity

Male (March, October, December); female (March – April, July – December)

Habitat

(crops: sugarcane); (orchard: citrus, grapefruit, orange, sour orange); (web: large spider web)

Method

Boll weevil pheromone trap [mf]

Type

Mexico, Tepic

Etymology

like Zilla californica Banks, 1896 = Zygiella x-notata (Clerck, 1758)

Collection

DMNS, MSU, NMSU, TAMU

Genus Metepeira F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1903

Metepeira arizonica Chamberlin & Ivie, 1942

Metepeira arizonicaJackman 1997: 161; Levi 1977b: 200, mf, desc. (figs 12–13, 39–46); Piel 2001: 66, mf, desc. (figs 206–212)

Distribution

West Texas; Brewster, Presidio

Locality

Big Bend National Park

Time of activity

Female (March)

Type

Arizona, Canyon Lake

Etymology

locality (state)

Collection

MSU

Metepeira comanche Levi, 1977

Metepeira comancheJackman 1997: 161; Knutson et al. 2010: 515; Levi 1977b: 204, mf, desc. (figs 61–69); Piel 2001: 62, mf, desc. (figs 185–191)

Metepeira n. sp.; Rogers and Horner 1977: 523

Distribution

Widespread; Andrews, Archer, Bastrop, Baylor, Borden, Brewster, Collin, Crane, Gaines, Garza, Haskell, Howard, Jim Wells, Jones, Kent, Kimble, Kinney, Motley, Nacogdoches, Reagan, Taylor, Upton, Val Verde, Ward, Webb, Wichita

Locality

Seminole Canyon State Park

Time of activity

Male (February, April – July); female (February, May – July, September – November)

Habitat

(crops: guar); (grass: grass); (plants: miscellaneous vegetation); (soil/woodland: juniper, saltcedar, tree, trees/shrubs); (web: in web)

Method

Beating [mf]; sweeping [mf]

Type

Texas (male, Haskell Co., 9.7 km W O’Brien, February 3, 1971, C. E. Rogers, holotype, MCZ)

Etymology

Indian tribe (The name is a noun in apposition after the Indian tribe of the Texas plains, Levi 1977b).

Collection

DMNS, MCZ, MSU, NMSU, TAMU

Note

Levi 1977 lists Wells Co. but it is Jim Wells Co.

Metepeira foxi Gertsch & Ivie, 1936

Metepeira foxiDondale et al. 2003: 320, mf, desc. (figs 749–757); Jackman 1997: 161; Levi 1977b: 210, mf, desc. (figs 87–96)

Distribution

West Texas; Hudspeth

Time of activity

Female (May)

Type

Utah, Richfield

Etymology

Person

Collection

MCZ

Metepeira labyrinthea (Hentz, 1847)

Metepeira labyrintheaAgnew et al. 1985: 4; Bradley 2013: 97; Brown 1974: 232; Dean and Sterling 1990: 405; Dondale et al. 2003: 317, mf, desc. (figs 740–748); Gertsch 1939b: 25; Jackman 1997: 81, desc., 161; Levi 1977b: 196, mf, desc. (figs 1–11, 14–20); Piel 2001: 14, 17; Roberts 2001: 49; Young and Edwards 1990: 15

Metepeira labyrinthica (Hentz, 1847); Reddell 1965: 170; Vogel 1970b: 4

Distribution

Widespread; Archer, Bosque, Brazos, Brewster, Brown, Comanche, Erath, Maverick, Nacogdoches, Potter, Sutton, Walker, Wichita

Locality

Bill Haney Pecan Orchard, Chisos Mountains, Ellis Prison Unit, Lick Creek Park, Nabor’s Lake, Wildcat Bluff Nature Center

Caves

Sutton (Felton Cave)

Time of activity

Male (May – August); female (May – August, October)

Habitat

(crops: peanuts); (landscape features: cave); (nest/prey: mud dauber nest [mf]); (orchard: pecan); (soil/woodland: trees, woods); (structures: indoors, porch); (web: in web, web in oak tree)

Method

Beating [m]; fogging [f]; suction trap [m]

Type

North Carolina and Alabama

Etymology

Greek, type of web

Collection

MSU, TAMU, TMM

Metepeira minima Gertsch, 1936

Metepeira minimaArmstrong and Richman 2007: 395; Gertsch 1936: 10, m, desc. (fig. 31); Jackman 1997: 161; Levi 1977b: 206, mf, desc. (figs 70–77); Piel 2001: 82, mf, desc. (figs 278–285); Roewer 1942: 869; Vogel 1970b: 4

Distribution

South Texas; Bastrop, Cameron, Hidalgo, Kenedy

Locality

Santa Ana National Wildlife Refuge

Time of activity

Male (May); female (October – November)

Method

Beating [f]; boll weevil pheromone trap [m]

Type

Texas (male, Hidalgo Co., Edinburg, May 27, 1935, S. Mulaik, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Latin, petite shape, small

Collection

DMNS, TAMU

Genus Micrathena Sundevall, 1833

Micrathena gracilis (Walckenaer, 1805)

Micrathena gracilisAgnew et al. 1985: 7; Bonnet 1957: 2868; Breene et al. 1993c: 12, 47, 100, mf (figs 144A-C); Brown 1974: 232; Dean et al. 1982: 254; Dondale et al. 2003: 146, mf, desc. (figs 299–306); Jackman 1997: 161; Jones 1936: 69; Levi 1978: 433, mf, desc. (figs 55–68); Taber and Fleenor 2005: 281 (fig. 12–11); Vogel 1970b: 5; Young and Edwards 1990: 15

Distribution

Eastern ½ Texas; Aransas, Archer, Bastrop, Brazos, Burleson, Cameron, Comanche, Dallas, Erath, Goliad, Gonzalez, Grayson, Hardin, Harris, Houston, Jim Wells, Liberty, Montgomery, Nacogdoches, Red River, San Patricio, Travis, Walker (imm.), Wichita

Locality

5-Eagle Ranch, Buescher State Park, Decker’s Prairie, Ellis Prison Unit, Goose Island State Park, Lick Creek Park, Nabor’s Lake, Palmetto State Park

Time of activity

Male (May – July); female (January, May – November)

Habitat

(crops: cotton); (grass: pasture); (littoral: along creek, creek bank, on tree fungus and marsh edge); (nest/prey: mud dauber nest [pen f] Chalybion californicum); (soil/woodland: forest, woods, Quercus buckleyi); (web: web by creek)

Method

Beating/sweeping [mf]; sweeping [m]

Type

Carolina (of 1805)

Etymology

Latin, slender

Collection

DMNS, MCZ, MSU, TAMU

Micrathena mitrata (Hentz, 1850)

Micrathena mitrataBrown 1974: 232; Dondale et al. 2003: 148, mf, desc. (figs 307–313); Jackman 1997: 161; Levi 1978: 428, mf, desc. (figs 28–40); Levi 1985: 486

Distribution

East Texas; Nacogdoches, Sabine

Time of activity

Female (October)

Habitat

(soil/woodland: beech-magnolia forest); (web: web near creek)

Method

Malaise trap [f]

Type

North Carolina and Alabama

Etymology

Latin, abdomen above resembles a bishop’s mitre

Collection

TAMU

Micrathena sagittata (Walckenaer, 1841)

Micrathena sagittataBreene et al. 1993c: 12, 47, 100, mf (figs 145A-C); Brown 1974: 232; Dean et al. 1982: 254; Dondale et al. 2003: 143, mf, desc. (figs 291–298); Jackman 1997: 81, desc., 161 (photo 21a); Kaston 1972: 139, desc. (fig. 311); Kaston 1978: 133, desc. (fig. 334); Levi 1978: 430, mf, desc. (figs 41–54); Magalhaes and Santos 2012: 52; Taber and Fleenor 2005: 281 (fig. 12–10); Vogel 1970b: 5

Distribution

Central, east and south Texas; Brazos, Cameron, Gonzales, Hardin, Hidalgo, Nacogdoches, Walker

Locality

Bentsen-Rio Grande Valley State Park, Ellis Prison Unit, Frontera Audubon, Palmetto State Park, Resaca de la Palma State Park, Sabal Palm Audubon Sanctuary

Time of activity

Male (June – August, October – November); female (April – May, August, October)

Habitat

(crops: cotton); (littoral: near creek, wetlands); (nest/prey: mud dauber nest [imm.]); (orchard: grapefruit); (soil/woodland: palm forest, woods)

Method

Beating [f]

Type

Georgia

Etymology

Latin, arrow- (head) like

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Genus Neoscona Simon, 1864

Neoscona arabesca (Walckenaer, 1841)

Neoscona arabescaAgnew et al. 1985: 4; Armstrong and Richman 2007: 395; Berman and Levi 1971: 474 [S, T], mf, desc. (figs 1–3, 5–6, 8, 10, 14–42, 125–126); Bonnet 1958: 3055; Breene et al. 1993a: 169; Breene et al. 1993b: 647; Breene et al. 1993c: 12, 47, 106, mf (figs 164A-C); Breene et al. 1994: 8; Brown 1974: 232; Bumroongsook et al. 1992: 17; Calixto et al. 2013: 181; Dean and Eger 1986: 141; Dean and Sterling 1987: 6; Dean and Sterling 1990: 405; Dean et al. 1982: 254; Dean et al. 1987: 268; Dean et al. 1988: 285–286; Dondale et al. 2003: 171, mf, desc. (figs 363–371); Hoffmaster 1985: 627; Jackman 1997: 82, desc., 161 (photo 21t); Li 1990: 137, 142, 144; Liao et al. 1984: 410; Nyffeler and Sterling 1994: 1295, 1298; Nyffeler et al. 1987a: 357; Nyffeler et al. 1989: 374, 377; Nyffeler et al. 1992a: 1181; Nyffeler et al. 1992c: 2; Rapp 1984: 5; Rice 1986: 124; Vogel 1970b: 4; Woods and Harrel 1976: 43; Young and Edwards 1990: 15

Epeira arabesca Walckenaer, 1841; McCook 1893: 148; Marx 1890: 542

Epeira trivittata Keyserling, 1864; Jones 1936: 70

Araneus trivittatus (Keyserling, 1864); Jones 1936: 70

Neoscona minima F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1904; Bonnet 1958: 3058; Brown 1974: 233; Gertsch and Mulaik 1936b: 20, m (fig. 30); Kagan 1942: 27; Kagan 1943: 258; Vogel 1970b: 4; Woods and Harrel 1976: 43

Aranea minima (F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1904); Roewer 1942: 847

Distribution

Widespread; Atascosa, Bee, Brazoria, Brazos, Burleson, Cameron, Collin, Colorado, Comanche, Dallas, Erath, Falls, Fannin, Fayette, Galveston, Gillespie, Hays, Henderson, Hidalgo, Houston, Hunt, Jefferson, Jim Wells, Matagorda, McLennan, Montague, Nacogdoches, Polk, Rains, Robertson, San Patricio, Travis, Victoria, Walker, Webb, Wichita, Willacy, Williamson

Locality

Adriance Pecan Orchard, Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge, Bentsen-Rio Grande Valley State Park, Ellis Prison Unit, Galveston Island State Park, Holmes Pecan Orchard, Lake Corpus Christi State Park, Lake Tawakoni State Park, Lick Creek Park, Proctor Lake, Ramsey Prison Farm, Resaca de la Palma State Park, Russell Farm, Santa Ana National Wildlife Refuge, Texas A&M University Rangeland Area, Welder Wildlife Refuge

Time of activity

Male (January – December); female (January – December)

Habitat

(crops: corn, cotton, peanuts, rice, sugarcane, watermelon); (grass: grass, grassland, grassy and shrub area, pasture); (littoral: salt marsh area); (nest/prey: mud dauber nest [mf], nest of Chalybion californicum); (orchard: citrus, orange, pecan, tangerine, Valley lemon); (plants: bluebonnets, croton, garden, Indian paintbrush, miscellaneous vegetation, pepper, roadside vegetation, Hibiscus sp., Monarda citriodora); (soil/woodland: brushy area, hibiscus, mesquite, oak, post oak savanna); (structures: fence next to cotton field)

Method

Beating [mf]; boll weevil pheromone trap [mf]; cardboard band [mf]; D-Vac suction [mf]; fogging [mf]; pitfall trap [f]; suction trap [mf]; sweeping [mf]

Type

Georgia

Etymology

Spanish, Arabic-like pattern

Collection

DMNS, MSU, NMSU, TAMU

Neoscona crucifera (Lucas, 1838)

Neoscona cruciferaCalixto et al. 2013: 181; Dondale et al. 2003: 173, mf, desc, (figs 372–377); Guarisco 2008b: 5; Jackman 1997: 161; Jackman et al. 2007: 199; Knutson et al. 2010: 515; Levi 1993a: 231 [S]; Roberts 2001: 49; Yantis 2005: 197

Neoscona hentzii (Keyserling, 1864); Agnew et al. 1985: 7; Berman and Levi 1971: 478, mf, desc. (figs 51–58, 128); Hoffmaster 1985: 627

Distribution

Widespread; Archer, Bastrop, Bell, Brazos, Brown, Clay, Comanche, Erath, Gillespie, Howard, Hunt, Leon, Nacogdoches, Potter, Presidio, Robertson, Runnels, San Patricio, Tarrant, Tom Green, Travis, Walker, Washington, Wheeler, Wichita

Locality

Big Bend Ranch State Park, Holmes Pecan Orchard, Lake Tawakoni State Park, Riley Estate, Stubblefield Lake Recreation Area, Texas A&M University Rangeland Area, Welder Wildlife Refuge, Wildcat Bluff Nature Center

Time of activity

Male (April, July – October); female (June – November)

Habitat

(littoral: palmetto-cypress swamp); (orchard: pecan, pecan orchard); (soil/woodland: juniper, post oak woods [%: 90], saltcedar, wetland/woodland park); (structures: bedroom, outside house, under house eave); (web: in web, in web in woods, large spider web, on web in bosque, web under eave of house)

Method

5 gallon bucket trap [f]; beating [mf]; black light trap [m]; cardboard band [f]; fogging [mf]; suction trap [f]; tile trap [m]

Eggs/spiderlings

Comanche [eggsac laid June 1, 2001, hatched July 12; 533 spiderlings] [TAMU]

Type

Canary Islands

Etymology

Latin, cross-bearing

Collection

DMNS, MSU, NMSU, TAMU

Neoscona domiciliorum (Hentz, 1847)

Neoscona domiciliorumBerman and Levi 1971: 477, mf, desc. (figs 43–50, 127); Jackman 1997: 161; Kaston 1972: 157, desc. (fig. 350); Kaston 1978: 149, desc. (fig. 374); Woods and Harrel 1976: 43; Young and Edwards 1990: 15

Distribution

Central and east Texas; Cameron, Hidalgo, Jefferson, Montgomery, Runnels, Travis, Wichita, Williamson

Locality

Frontera Audubon

Caves

Williamson (Williams Cave)

Time of activity

Male (November); female (June, October – November)

Habitat

(crops: rice); (grass: grass); (landscape features: cave); (littoral: flood plain); (orchard: grapefruit, Valley lemon); (soil/woodland: trees/shrubs)

Method

Beating [f]

Type

Alabama

Etymology

Latin, refers to a house

Collection

DMNS, MSU, TAMU

Neoscona nautica (L. Koch, 1875)

Neoscona nauticaBerman and Levi 1971: 498 [S], mf, desc. (figs 13, 111–120, 132); Jackman 1997: 161; Levi 1993a: 228

Epeira volucripes Keyserling, 1885; Marx 1890: 548

Distribution

Central Texas; Galveston, Travis

Time of activity

Male (September); female (August – September)

Habitat

(structures: warehouse)

Type

Sudan

Etymology

Greek, for sailor

Collection

MCZ, TAMU

Neoscona oaxacensis (Keyserling, 1864)

Neoscona oaxacensisBerman and Levi 1971: 486 [S], mf, desc. (figs 4, 9, 11, 78–90, 129); Cokendolpher et al. 2008: 8, 16 (photo 14); Jackman 1997: 83, 161, desc.; Kaston 1972: 157, desc. (fig. 351); Kaston 1978: 149, desc. (fig. 375); Knutson et al. 2010: 515; Roberts 2001: 49; Rogers and Horner 1977: 523; Young and Edwards 1990: 15

Neoscona vertebrata (McCook, 1888); Kagan 1942: 26; Kagan 1943: 258

Distribution

Western 2/3 Texas; Archer, Bastrop, Bell, Borden, Brazos, Brewster, Burleson, Carson, Clay, Coleman, Ector, Fisher, Guadalupe, Hidalgo, Howard, Hunt, Kendall, Lubbock, Martin, McLennan, Montague, Potter, Presidio, Randall, Reagan, Scurry, Upton, Ward, Wichita, Wilbarger

Locality

Lake Thomas, Palo Duro Canyon State Park, Pantex Lake (edge), Wildcat Bluff Nature Center

Time of activity

Male (June – October); female (February, June – December)

Habitat

(crops: cotton, guar); (grass: grass, shrubs and tall grass); (orchard: pecan, pecan orchard); (littoral: near playa); (plants: roadside vegetation, vegetation, Baccharis); (soil/woodland: juniper, saltcedar, trees/shrubs)

Method

Beating [m]; D-Vac suction [m]; sweeping [mf]

Type

Mexico, Oaxaca

Etymology

locality (Mexican state)

Collection

DMNS, MSU, TAMU, TTU

Neoscona utahana (Chamberlin, 1919)

Neoscona utahanaAgnew et al. 1985: 7; Berman and Levi 1971: 485 [S], mf, desc. (figs 68–77, 135); Breene et al. 1993a: 169; Breene et al. 1993b: 647; Breene et al. 1993c: 13, 47, 106, mf (figs 163A-C); Dean and Sterling 1987: 6; Hoffmaster 1985: 627; Jackman 1997: 161; Young and Edwards 1990: 15

Neoscona eximia Gertsch & Mulaik, 1936; Bonnet 1958: 3058; Gertsch and Mulaik 1936b: 19, mf, desc. (fig. 32); Kagan 1942: 28; Kagan 1943: 258; Vogel 1970b: 4

Aranea eximia (Gertsch and Mulaik, 1936); Roewer 1942: 860

Distribution

Widespread; Brazos, Cameron, Erath, Hidalgo, McLennan, Nueces, San Patricio, Travis, Walker, Winkler

Locality

Bentsen-Rio Grande Valley State Park, Ellis Prison Unit, Welder Wildlife Refuge

Time of activity

Male (July – August); female (June, August – December)

Habitat

(crops: cotton, sugarcane); (orchard: citrus); (structures: under house eave)

Method

suction trap [m]

Type

Utah, Fillmore

Etymology

locality (state)

Collection

DMNS, TAMU

Genus Ocrepeira Marx, 1883

Ocrepeira ectypa (Walckenaer, 1841)

Ocrepeira ectypaJackman 1997: 161; Levi 1993b: 56 [T]

Wixia ectypa (Walckenaer, 1841); Bonnet 1959: 4828; Vogel 1970b: 4 [Levi 1976: 380 [S], mf, desc. (figs 88–100, 110, 113, 123)]

Wixia infumata (Hentz, 1850); Jones 1936: 70

Distribution

Cameron, Dallas

Locality

Sabal Palm Audubon Sanctuary

Time of activity

Female (October)

Type

Georgia

Etymology

Greek, carved

Collection

TAMU

Ocrepeira georgia (Levi, 1976)

Ocrepeira georgiaJackman 1997: 161; Levi 1993b: 56 [T]

Wixia georgia Levi, 1976; Dean and Eger 1986: 141 [Levi 1976: 382, mf, desc. (figs 101–109, 111, 114, 124)]

Distribution

Bandera, Brazos, Cameron, Hidalgo, Travis

Locality

Bentsen-Rio Grande Valley State Park, Laguna Atascosa National Wildlife Refuge, Lost Maples State Park

Time of activity

Male (April, May, October); female (April – May, October)

Habitat

(plants: bluebonnets, Indian paintbrush); (soil/woodland: brushy area, savanna with native grasses, Quercus buckleyi, Ulmus crassifolia)

Method

Beating [f]; sweeping [mf]

Type

Georgia, Athens

Etymology

locality (The specific name is a noun in apposition after the state of the type locality, Levi, 1976).

Collection

TAMU

Ocrepeira globosa (F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1904)

Ocrepeira globosaJackman 1997: 161; Levi 1993b: 75 [T], f, desc. (figs 36–40)

Wixia globosa F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1904; Agnew et al. 1985: 7; Levi 1976: 382, f, desc. (figs 116–120)

Distribution

Brown, Dallas, Erath

Time of activity

Female (October – November)

Habitat

(plants: vegetation)

Method

suction trap [f]

Type

Mexico, Guerrero, Tepetlapa

[male unknown]

Etymology

Latin, globe or ball-like

Collection

MCZ, MSU, TAMU

Ocrepeira redempta (Gertsch & Mulaik, 1936)

Ocrepeira redemptaJackman 1997: 161; Levi 1993b: 84 [T], mf, desc. (figs 88–93)

Aranea redempta Gertsch & Mulaik, 1936; Gertsch and Mulaik 1936b: 18, f, desc. (fig. 39); Roewer 1942: 862

Araneus redemptus Gertsch & Mulaik, 1936; Bonnet 1955: 581; Vogel 1970b: 3

Neoscona redempta (Gertsch & Mulaik, 1936); Berman and Levi 1971: 499, f, desc. (figs 121–124)

Distribution

Hidalgo

Time of activity

Female (October)

Type

Texas (female, Hidalgo Co., Edinburg, October 10, 1935, C. Rutherford, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Latin, redeemed

Genus Scoloderus Simon, 1887

Scoloderus nigriceps (O. P.-Cambridge, 1895)

Scoloderus nigricepsBradley 2013: 100; Traw 1996: 64 [S], mf, desc. (figs 18–26)

Scoloderus cordatus (Taczanowski, 1879); Jackman 1997: 161; Levi 1976: 386, mf, desc. (figs 126–136); Roth 1982: 11–2; Roth 1985: B-6–3, B-6–8; Roth 1994: 68

Distribution

Cameron, Hidalgo

Locality

Santa Ana National Wildlife Refuge

Time of activity

Female (February, April)

Type

Mexico, Teapa

Etymology

Latin, markings on abdomen

Collection

TAMU

Genus Singa C. L. Koch, 1836

Singa eugeni Levi, 1972

Singa eugeni [Levi 1972: 236, mf, desc. (figs 25–34)]

Distribution

Jim Wells

Type

Wisconsin, Iowa Co.

Etymology

Person (The species is named after arachnologist Count Eugen Keyserling, Levi 1972).

Collection

MSU

Singa keyserlingi McCook, 1894

Singa keyserlingi [Levi 1972: 232, mf, desc. (figs 9–24)]

Distribution

Bee

Type

Missouri, St. Louis

Etymology

Person (The species is named after arachnologist Count Eugen Keyserling)

Collection

MSU

Singa sp.

SingaBrown 1974: 233; Jones 1936: 70; Rogers and Horner 1977: 523

Distribution

Nacogdoches, Rolling Plains

Habitat

(crops: guar); (nest/prey: mud dauber nest [f])

Genus Verrucosa McCook, 1888

Verrucosa arenata (Walckenaer, 1841)

Verrucosa arenataBrown 1974: 233; Jackman 1997: 161; Kaston 1978: 143, desc. (fig. 359); Levi 1976: 358, mf, desc. (figs 1–11); Lise et al. 2015: 11, mf, desc. (figs 8–38); Rapp 1984: 5; Roth 1982: 11–2; Roth 1985: B-6–6, B-6–11; Roth 1994: 69; Vogel 1970b: 4

Distribution

Eastern ½ Texas; Bastrop, Brazos, Galveston, Gonzalez, Grayson, Nacogdoches, Sabine, San Jacinto, Tyler, Walker

Locality

Buescher State Park, Galveston Island State Park, Kirby State Forest, Lick Creek Park, Palmetto State Park, Stubblefield Lake Recreation Area

Time of activity

Male (May – August); female (May – July, September – November)

Habitat

(littoral: near creek, salt marsh, sedge meadow); (nest/prey: mud dauber nest [mf]); (soil/woodland: beech-magnolia forest, tree, woods)

Method

Beating [m]; beating/sweeping [f]; Lindgren funnel trap [m]; malaise trap [m]

Type

Georgia

Etymology

Latin, sandy

Collection

DMNS, MSU, TAMU

Genus Wagneriana F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1904

Wagneriana tauricornis (O. P.-Cambridge, 1889)

Wagneriana tauricornisBradley 2013: 102; Jackman 1997: 161; Levi 1976: 370, mf, desc. (figs 57–73); Roth 1982: 11–2; Roth 1985: B-6–5, B-6–11; Roth 1994: 69

Distribution

Southeast and south Texas; Brooks, Cameron, DeWitt, Hidalgo

Locality

Lower Rio Grande Valley National Wildlife Refuge, Sabal Palm Audubon Sanctuary

Time of activity

Male (July); female (September – November)

Habitat

(plants: miscellaneous vegetation); (soil/woodland: ebony-guayacan association)

Method

pitfall trap [f]; sweeping [m]

Type

Guatemala

Etymology

Latin, bull-horned

Collection

TAMU

Family Caponiidae Simon, 1890

Genus Orthonops Chamberlin, 1924

Orthonops lapanus Gertsch & Mulaik, 1940

Orthonops lapanusBroussard and Horner 2006: 253; Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 324, mf, desc. (fig. 16); Jackman 1997: 161; Platnick 1995: 15, mf, desc. (figs 36–38); Richman et al. 2011a: 46; Vogel 1967: 32; Vogel 1970b: 5

Orthonops gertschi Chamberlin, 1928; Gertsch 1935a: 31; Roewer 1942: 316; Vogel 1970b: 5 [Texas records]

Distribution

Brewster, Hays, Hidalgo, Kerr, Presidio, Starr, Travis, Webb

Locality

Big Bend National Park, Big Bend Ranch State Park, Chihuahuan desert, Chisos Basin, Chisos Mountains, Dalquest Research Site, La Mesa Ranch, Raven Ranch

Caves

Travis (Dobie Shelter)

Time of activity

Male (January, June, August – November); female (January – February, May – June, August – December)

Habitat

(landscape features: under rock); (soil/woodland: Juniperus managed plot, leaf litter, upland deciduous forest)

Method

Flight intercept trap on ground [mf]; pitfall trap [mf]

Type

Texas (male, Starr Co., 3 miles E Rio Grande City, January 21, 1939, S. Mulaik, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Latin, with shorter legs

Collection

MSU, NMSU, TAMU, TMM

Genus Tarsonops Chamberlin, 1924

Tarsonops systematicus Chamberlin, 1924

Tarsonops systematicusBond and Taylor 2013: 60; Comstock 1940: 305, desc.; Gertsch 1935a: 31, f (fig. 35); Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 324; Jackman 1997: 161; Ubick 2005a: 76 (fig. 18.10); Vogel 1970b: 5 [Chamberlin 1924b: 601, f, desc. (fig. 37)]

Distribution

Cameron, Hidalgo, Llano, Starr, Webb

Locality

Laguna Atascosa National Wildlife Refuge

Time of activity

Male (February – March); female (January – February, July, September – November)

Habitat

(soil/woodland: dense coastal brush)

Method

pitfall trap [m]

Type

Mexico, Sonora, San Pedro Bay

Etymology

Greek, systematic

Collection

TAMU

Family Clubionidae Wagner, 1887

Note. Species incorrectly reported from Texas

Clubiona johnsoni Gertsch, 1941; Woods and Harrel 1976: 43; Young and Edwards 1990: 16 [not in Texas]

Clubiona plumbi Gertsch, 1941; Woods and Harrel 1976: 43; Young and Edwards 1990: 16 [not in Texas]

Clubiona riparia L. Koch, 1866; Woods and Harrel 1976: 43; Young and Edwards 1990: 16 [not in Texas]

Genus Clubiona Latreille, 1804

Clubiona abboti L. Koch, 1866

Clubiona abbotiBonnet 1956: 1107; Breene et al. 1993c: 14, 47, 85, mf (figs 99A-B); Calixto et al. 2013: 181; Dean and Sterling 1987: 6; Dean and Sterling 1990: 405; Dondale and Redner 1982: 41, mf, desc. (figs 45–42–45, 47); Gertsch 1941b: 15, mf (figs 32–36); Henderson 2007: 61, 76, 79, 82; Jackman 1997: 161; Nyffeler et al. 1992c: 2; Vogel 1970b: 5

Clubiona abbotti L. Koch, 1866; Agnew et al. 1985: 4; Cokendolpher et al. 2008: 8, 16; Jones 1936: 69; Rapp 1984: 7; Young and Edwards 1990: 16

Clubiona abbotii abbotii L. Koch, 1866; Edwards 1958: 417, mf, desc. (figs 42–43, 83, 181–182, 236)

Clubiona abboti abboti L. Koch, 1866; Vogel 1970b: 5

Distribution

Brazos, Brewster, Burleson, Carson, Colorado, Comal, Dallas, Delta, Erath, Floyd, Freestone, Galveston, Goliad, Harris, Jefferson, Kerr, Liberty, Nueces, Orange, Robertson, Travis, Walker, Wichita

Locality

Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge, Ellis Prison Unit, Holmes Pecan Orchard, Lick Creek Park, Zilker Park

Time of activity

Male (January, May – December); female (February, April – December)

Habitat

(crops: cotton, peanuts); (grass: grass, grassland, grassy and shrub area); (littoral: near playa, near water); (orchard: pecan); (plants: Monarda citriodora); (soil/woodland: post oak woodland)

Method

cardboard band [mf]; D-Vac suction [mf]; fogging [f]; pitfall trap [mf]; suction trap [m]; sweeping

Type

Maryland, Baltimore

Etymology

Person (naturalist)

Collection

DMNS, MSU, TAMU

Clubiona adjacens Gertsch & Davis, 1936

Clubiona adjacensBonnet 1956: 1108; Edwards 1958: 408, m, desc. (figs 54–55, 160); Gertsch 1941b: 8, m (figs 30–31); Gertsch and Davis 1936: 19, m, desc. (fig. 35); Jackman 1997: 161; Roewer 1955: 513; Vogel 1970b: 5

Distribution

Cameron

Time of activity

Male (May)

Type

Texas (male, Cameron Co., May 1–2, 1936, L. I. Davis, holotype, AMNH)

[female unknown]

Etymology

Latin, species closely related to Clubiona abboti L. Koch, 1866

Clubiona catawba Gertsch, 1941

Clubiona catawbaDean and Eger 1986: 142; Dean and Sterling 1990: 405; Dean et al. 1988: 287; Dondale and Redner 1982: 53, mf, desc. (figs 68–71); Edwards 1958: 426, mf, desc. (figs 76–77, 92, 194, 244); Jackman 1997: 162; Vogel 1970b: 5

Distribution

Brazos, Burleson, Cameron, Colorado, Gillespie, Goliad, Houston, Starr, Travis, Victoria, Walker

Locality

Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge, Ellis Prison Unit, Lick Creek Park, South Padre Island

Time of activity

Male (May – October); female (January, April, August)

Habitat

(grass: dunes, grassland, pasture); (plants: bluebonnets); (soil/woodland: forest, live oak forest, post oak savanna, post oak savanna with pasture)

Method

pitfall trap [m]; suction trap [m]; sweeping [mf]

Type

Tennessee, Kingston

Etymology

Indian tribe

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Clubiona kagani Gertsch, 1941

Clubiona kaganiDean and Sterling 1990: 405; Edwards 1958: 425, f, desc. (figs 89, 200, 243); Gertsch 1941b: 6, f, desc. (fig. 16); Irungu 2007: 30; Jackman 1997: 162; Kagan 1942: 57 (desc.); Kagan 1943: 258; Roewer 1955: 515; Vogel 1967: 34; Vogel 1970b: 5; Young and Edwards 1990: 16

Distribution

Harris, Hidalgo, McLennan, Walker

Locality

Ellis Prison Unit

Time of activity

Female (March 30-April 5, July)

Habitat

(crops: cabbage, cotton)

Method

pitfall trap [f]; suction trap [f]

Type

Texas (female, McLennan Co., Riesel, July 26, 1940, M. Kagan, holotype, AMNH)

[male unknown]

Etymology

Person (collector)

Collection

TAMU

Clubiona kiowa Gertsch, 1941

Clubiona kiowaEdwards 1958: 428, mf, desc. (figs 62–63, 90, 186, 245); Gertsch 1941b: 12, m, desc. (figs 23–24); Jackman 1997: 162; Pfannenstiel 2008a: 204; Roewer 1955: 515; Vogel 1967: 35; Vogel 1970b: 5

Distribution

Cameron, Colorado, Dallas, Hidalgo

Locality

Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge

Time of activity

Male (April 28-May 5, June – August); female (April 28-May 5, May – June, August – September)

Habitat

(crops: cotton, soybean); (orchard: grapefruit, sour orange, tangerine)

Method

pitfall trap [mf]; sweeping [m]

Type

Texas (male, Dallas Co., Dallas, 1936, J. H. Robinson, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Indian tribe

Collection

TAMU

Clubiona maritima L. Koch, 1867

Clubiona maritimaDondale and Redner 1982: 35, mf, desc. (figs 38–41); Edwards 1958: 432 [S], mf, desc. (figs 131–133, 139, 180, 214); Jackman 1997: 162; Jones 1936: 69; Pfannenstiel 2008a: 204; Vogel 1970b: 5

Clubiona transversa Bryant, 1936; Bonnet 1956: 1161; Bryant 1936: 97, f, desc. (fig. 8); Jones 1936: 69; Roewer 1955: 518

Distribution

Archer, Cameron, Dallas, Hidalgo

Locality

White Rock Lake

Time of activity

Male (June); female (March, June)

Habitat

(crops: cotton)

Type

Virgin Islands, St. Thomas

Etymology

Latin, maritime

Collection

MCZ, MSU, TAMU

Clubiona pygmaea Banks, 1892

Clubiona pygmaeaDondale and Redner 1982: 34, mf, desc. (figs 34–37); Edwards 1958: 392, mf, desc. (figs 97–98, 135, 173, 226); Jackman 1997: 162; Vogel 1970b: 6

Distribution

Hidalgo

Type

New York, Ithaca, Fall Creek

Etymology

Latin, pygmy

Genus Elaver O. P.-Cambridge, 1898

Elaver chisosa (Roddy, 1966)

Elaver chisosaBrescovit et al. 1994: 36 [T]; Jackman 1997: 162

Clubionoides chisosa Roddy, 1966; Roddy 1966: 401, f, desc. (fig. 5); Vogel 1967: 36; Vogel 1970b: 6

Distribution

Brewster

Locality

Big Bend National Park, Chisos Basin, Chisos Mountains

Time of activity

Female (September)

Type

Texas (female, Brewster Co., Big Bend National Park, Chisos Mountains, September 28, 1950, W. J. Gertsch, holotype, AMNH)

[male unknown]

Etymology

locality (Chisos Mountains)

Elaver dorotheae (Gertsch, 1935)

1

Elaver dorotheaeBrescovit et al. 1994: 36 [T, spelling]; Jackman 1997: 162

Clubiona dorothea Gertsch, 1935; Roewer 1955: 514

Clubiona dorotheae Gertsch, 1935; Bonnet 1956: 1122; Gertsch 1935b: 12, f, desc. (fig. 25)

Clubionoides dorothea (Gertsch, 1935); Edwards 1958: 381, mf, desc. (figs 22, 34–36, 208); Vogel 1970b: 6

Distribution

Hidalgo

Time of activity

Female (“September-December”)

Type

Texas (female, Hidalgo Co., Edinburg, September-December 1933, S. Mulaik, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Person (first name of collector’s wife, Dorothea)

Elaver excepta (L. Koch, 1866)

Elaver exceptaBrescovit et al. 1994: 36 [T]; Calixto et al. 2013: 181; Jackman 1997: 162; Yantis 2005: 200

Clubionoides excepta (L. Koch, 1866); Agnew et al. 1985: 8; Brown 1974: 233; Dondale and Redner 1982: 98, mf, desc. (figs 7, 178–181); Edwards 1958: 377, mf, desc. (figs 19, 31–33, 211); Vogel 1970b: 6

Elaver expecta (L. Koch, 1866); Trevino 2014: 11

Distribution

Bell, Brazos, Cameron, Comal, Denton, Erath, Gonzales, Harris, Hidalgo, Hunt, Kaufman, Kerr, Madison, Nacogdoches, Robertson, Sabine, Walker, Webb

Locality

Holmes Pecan Orchard, Huntsville State Park, Lake Tawakoni State Park, Lick Creek Park, Parson’s Slough, Riley Estate

Time of activity

Male (March – July, July 24-August 6, September – October); female (January, March – October)

Habitat

(grass: short grass, sandy-prairie grass, tall grass prairie); (littoral: sedge meadow); (orchard: pecan); (soil/woodland: beech magnolia forest, leaf litter, old field, post oak woods [%: 76], sandy area, sandy by water, tree, upland deciduous forest); (structures: bedroom ceiling, on [wall, wall in house])

Method

5 gallon bucket trap [f]; beating [f]; cardboard band [mf]; flight intercept trap on ground [m]; malaise trap [mf]; pitfall trap [m]

Type

Maryland, Baltimore

Etymology

Latin, to exclude

Collection

DMNS, MCZ, MSU, TAMU

Elaver mulaiki (Gertsch, 1935)

Elaver mulaikiBrescovit et al. 1994: 37 [T]; Jackman 1997: 162

Clubiona mulaiki Gertsch, 1935; Bonnet 1956: 1135; Gertsch 1935b: 11, mf, desc. (figs 22–24); Roewer 1955: 516

Clubionoides mulaiki (Gertsch, 1935); Edwards 1958: 379, mf, desc. (figs 20, 24–26, 207); Vogel 1970b: 6

Distribution

Cameron, Hidalgo, Starr

Locality

Sabal Palm Audubon Sanctuary

Time of activity

Male (September); female (February)

Habitat

(orchard: grapefruit)

Type

Texas (female, Hidalgo Co., 7 miles E Edinburg, February 8, 1935, S. Mulaik, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Person (collector)

Collection

TAMU

Elaver texana (Gertsch, 1933)

Elaver texanaBrescovit et al. 1994: 37 [T]; Jackman 1997: 162

Clubiona texana Gertsch, 1933; Bonnet 1956: 1160; Gertsch 1933c: 7, f, desc. (fig. 16); Roewer 1955: 517

Clubionoides texana (Gertsch, 1933); Edwards 1958: 380, mf, desc. (figs 23, 27–30, 210); Rapp 1984: 7; Vogel 1970b: 6

Distribution

Cameron, Galveston, Hidalgo, Nueces, Starr

Locality

Frontera Audubon, Laguna Madre

Time of activity

Male (October); female (January)

Habitat

(orchard: grapefruit, orange)

Type

Texas (female, Cameron Co., Brownsville, January 3–11, 1928, Lutz, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

locality (state)

Collection

TAMU

Family Corinnidae Karsch, 1880

Note. Phrurolithus, Phruronellus, Phrurotimpus and Scotinella transferred to Phrurolithidae (Ramírez 2014: 342). Meriola and Trachelas transferred to Trachelidae (Ramírez 2014: 342).

Note. Species incorrectly reported from Texas

Castianeira cingulata (C. K. Koch, 1842) [not in Texas]

Thargalia zonoria Hentz, 1847; Marx 1890: 514 [not in Texas]

Genus Castianeira Keyserling, 1879

Castianeira alteranda Gertsch, 1942

Castianeira alterandaAgnew et al. 1985: 4, 10; Jackman 1997: 162; Young and Edwards 1990: 16 [Reiskind 1969: 206, mf, desc. (figs 66–69, 83)]

Distribution

Brazos, Coryell, Erath, Knox, Williamson

Locality

Stiles Farm Foundation, Texas A&M University Rangeland Area

Time of activity

Male (May, July – September); female (May, July – August, September 28-October 5, October)

Habitat

(crops: cotton, peanuts); (soil/woodland: post oak savanna with pasture); (structures: indoors)

Method

pitfall trap [mf]

Eggs/spiderlings

Erath [29 eggs in eggsac] [TAMU]

Type

Montana, Hamilton

Etymology

Latin, similar in coloration and general appearance to Castianeira amoena (C. L. Koch, 1841)

Collection

FSCA, MSU, TAMU

Castianeira amoena (C. L. Koch, 1841)

Castianeira amoenaAgnew et al. 1985: 4; Broussard and Horner 2006: 253; Calixto et al. 2013: 181; Jackman 1997: 112, 162; Kaston 1972: 227, desc. (fig. 511); Kaston 1978: 218, desc. (fig. 557); Petrunkevitch 1911: 452; Reiskind 1969: 204 [S], mf, desc. (figs 70–73, 84–85); Richman et al. 2011a: 47; Yantis 2005: 66, 196, 199; Young and Edwards 1990: 16

Thargalia amoena C. L. Koch, 1847; Marx 1890: 513

Distribution

Eastern 2/3 Texas; Brazos, Comanche, Cooke, Coryell, Erath, Grimes, Hidalgo, Houston, Leon, Madison, Parker, Presidio, Robertson, Travis, Uvalde

Locality

Bill Haney Pecan Orchard, Chihuahuan desert, Dalquest Research Site, Holmes Pecan Orchard, Lick Creek Park, Riley Estate

Time of activity

Male (June – September, December); female (July – November)

Habitat

(crops: peanuts); (grass: grass); (orchard: pecan); (soil/woodland: leaf litter, pine woods [%: 74], post oak savanna with pasture, post oak woods [%: 60, 76, 80, 100], sandy area, woods, Ulmus crassifolia); (structures: in building, indoors)

Method

5 gallon bucket trap [mf]; pitfall trap [mf] (in sand [m]) sweeping [f]; tile trap [m]

Eggs/spiderlings

Erath [21 eggs in eggsac] [TAMU]

Type

Carolina (of 1841)

Etymology

Latin, lovely

Collection

MSU, NMSU, TAMU

Castianeira crocata (Hentz, 1847)

Castianeira crocataBreene et al. 1993c: 13, 47, 83, mf (figs 92A-B); Jackman 1997: 112, 162; Reiskind 1969: 200, mf, desc. (figs 44–45, 56); Roberts 2001: 50 [male probably floridana (Banks, 1904)]; [Reiskind 1969: 201, m, desc. (figs 42–43, 59); page 200 – male of C. floridana probably very close to crocata]; [Reiskind 1981: 173, m (fig. 3)]

Distribution

Southeast and south Texas; Brazos, Burleson, Cameron, Clay, Colorado, Coryell, Kenedy, Lubbock, Montague, Potter, Williamson

Locality

Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge, Kenedy Ranch, Laguna Atascosa National Wildlife Refuge, Stiles Farm Foundation, Wildcat Bluff Nature Center

Time of activity

Male (July 28-August 8); female (April – August)

Habitat

(crops: cotton); (soil/woodland: post oak savanna with pasture)

Method

pitfall trap [mf]

Type

Alabama

Etymology

Latin, saffron-yellow

Collection

MSU, TAMU, TTU

Castianeira cubana (Banks, 1926)

Castianeira cubanaJackman 1997: 162; Reiskind 1969: 247 [S], mf, desc. (figs 216–219, 276)

Myrmecotypus cubanus Banks, 1926; Bonnet 1957: 3020; Bryant 1933: 190, f, desc. (pl. 4, figs 43, 45); Bryant 1940: 445; Comstock 1940: 592; Roewer 1955: 634

Distribution

Cameron, Kenedy

Locality

Kenedy Ranch, Laguna Atascosa National Wildlife Refuge

Time of activity

Male (April); female (October)

Habitat

(littoral: dense coastal brush, sand dune under live oak)

Method

Beating [f]; yellow pan trap [m]

Type

Cuba, Soledad

Etymology

locality (country)

Collection

TAMU

Castianeira descripta (Hentz, 1847)

Castianeira descriptaAgnew et al. 1985: 4; Breene et al. 1993b: 647; Calixto et al. 2013: 181; Cokendolpher et al. 2008: 8, 16 (photo 15); Dondale and Redner 1982: 114, mf, desc. (figs 211–217); Jackman 1997: 112, desc., 162 (photo 34d); Kaston 1972: 226, desc. (fig. 508); Kaston 1978: 217, desc. (fig. 554); Reiskind 1969: 208, mf, desc. (figs 88–91, 121); Trevino 2014: 11; Vogel and Durden 1972: 1; Young and Edwards 1990: 16

Distribution

East, central, and south Texas; Archer, Brazos, Brown, Burleson, Cameron, Carson, Comanche, Coryell, Erath, Hays, Hidalgo, Kerr, Knox, Robertson, Tom Green (imm.), Travis, Webb, Wichita

Locality

Bill Haney Pecan Orchard, Holmes Pecan Orchard, NK Ranch, Pantex Lake (edge), Texas A&M University Rangeland Area

Time of activity

Male (March – September); female (April – October)

Habitat

(crops: cotton, peanuts, sugarcane); (landscape features: rocks); (littoral: near playa); (orchard: pecan); (plants: miscellaneous vegetation); (soil/woodland: post oak savanna with pasture, sandy area); (structures: indoors, in lab)

Method

pitfall trap [mf] (in sand [f]); ramp trap [f]; sweeping [f]; tile trap [f]

Type

North Carolina

Etymology

Latin, descriptive

Collection

AMNH, DMNS, MSU, TAMU, TTU

Castianeira gertschi Kaston, 1945

Castianeira gertschiBreene et al. 1993c: 13, 47, 83, mf (figs 93A-C); Dean et al. 1982: 255; Dondale and Redner 1982: 109, mf, desc. (figs 196–200); Jackman 1997: 162; Kaston 1972: 226, desc. (fig. 510); Kaston 1978: 218, desc. (fig. 556); Reiskind 1969: 217, mf, desc. (figs 104–107, 120); Young and Edwards 1990: 16

Distribution

South Texas; Brazos, Hunt, Walker

Locality

Ellis Prison Unit

Time of activity

Male (July); female (February)

Habitat

(crops: cotton)

Method

pitfall trap [m]

Type

Connecticut, Indian Neck

Etymology

Person (arachnologist)

Collection

TAMU

Castianeira longipalpa (Hentz, 1847)

Castianeira longipalpaCalixto et al. 2013: 181; Cokendolpher et al. 2008: 16; Irungu 2007: 30; Jackman 1997: 112, 162; Platnick 2000 [spelling]; Trevino 2014: 11; Yantis 2005: 66, 196, 199

Castianeira longipalpus (Hentz, 1847); Agnew et al. 1985: 4; Breene et al. 1993c: 13, 47, 84, mf (figs 94A-C); Dean et al. 1982: 255; Reiskind 1969: 186, mf, desc. (figs 7–10, 50–53); Young and Edwards 1990: 16

Distribution

South Texas; Anderson, Archer, Bee, Bexar, Brazos, Burleson, Colorado, Comanche, Cooke, Coryell, Erath, Goliad, Hidalgo, Houston, Jeff Davis, Kenedy, Leon, Lubbock, Robertson, Walker, Webb, Wichita

Locality

Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge, Bentsen-Rio Grande Valley State Park, Ellis Prison Unit, Goliad State Park, Holmes Pecan Orchard, Kenedy Ranch, Nabor’s Lake, Somerville Lake, Texas A&M University Rangeland Area

Time of activity

Male (March – August, October); female (May – August, October – November)

Habitat

(crops: cabbage, cotton, peanuts); (grass: pasture); (littoral: near playa, sand dune area); (orchard: pecan); (plants: Compositae); (soil/woodland: pine woods [%: 60, 69, 74, 84], post oak savanna with pasture, post oak woods [%: 41, 92], sand dune area, sandy area); (structures: in [building, lab])

Method

5 gallon bucket trap [mf]; pitfall trap [mf] (in sand [m]); ramp trap [m]; tile trap [m]

Type

Alabama

Etymology

Latin, long neck on palp

Collection

FSCA, MSU, TAMU

Castianeira nanella Gertsch, 1933

Castianeira nanellaBroussard and Horner 2006: 253; Richman et al. 2011a: 48 [Reiskind 1969: 225, mf, desc. (figs 129–132, 149–150)]

Distribution

Brewster, Presidio

Locality

Chihuahuan desert, Dalquest Research Site

Method

pitfall trap [mf]

Type

Utah, Salt Lake City, City Creek Canyon

Etymology

Greek, dwarfish

Collection

MSU

Castianeira occidens Reiskind, 1969

Castianeira occidensAgnew et al. 1985: 4; Broussard and Horner 2006: 253; Jackman 1997: 162; Richman et al. 2011a: 48; Trevino 2014: 11; Young and Edwards 1990: 16 [Reiskind 1969: 211, mf, desc. (figs 96–99, 113–115)]

Distribution

Brewster, Erath, Presidio, Webb, Wichita

Locality

Chihuahuan desert, Dalquest Research Site

Time of activity

Male (September); female (March)

Habitat

(crops: peanuts); (landscape features: under rock)

Method

pitfall trap [mf]

Type

Arizona, Lakeside

Etymology

noun, the West (The specific name is a noun in apposition meaning the West, Reiskind 1969).

Collection

FSCA, MSU

Castianeira peregrina (Gertsch, 1935)

Castianeira peregrinaJackman 1997: 162; Reiskind 1969: 251 [T], f, desc. (fig. 207)

Mazax peregrina Gertsch, 1935; Bonnet 1957: 2741; Gertsch 1935b: 15, f, desc. (fig. 30) [not male]; Vogel 1970b: 6

Apochinomma peregrinum (Gertsch, 1935); Roewer 1955: 608

Distribution

Cameron, Hidalgo

Time of activity

Female (February – March, November)

Type

Texas (female, Hidalgo Co., 5 miles S San Juan, February 22, 1935, S. Mulaik, holotype, AMNH)

[male unknown]

Etymology

Latin, pilgrim

Castianeira trilineata (Hentz, 1847)

Castianeira trilineataAgnew et al. 1985: 8; Dondale and Redner 1982: 104, mf, desc. (figs 182–186); Henderson 2007: 58, 76, 79, 82; Jackman 1997: 162 (photo 34a); Reiskind 1969: 219, mf, desc. (figs 108–110, 119)

Distribution

Central and southeast Texas; Brazos, Coryell, Erath, Hidalgo, Hunt, Montgomery, Robertson

Locality

Holmes Pecan Orchard, Lick Creek Park

Time of activity

Male (March – June, October); female (April – July, September)

Habitat

(grass: grass); (soil/woodland: disturbed habitat, leaf litter, post oak savanna with pasture, sandy area, woods); (structures: on floor in lab, sink in house)

Method

pitfall trap [mf]

Type

Alabama

Etymology

Latin, three horizontal light bands on abdomen

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Genus Falconina Brignoli, 1985

Falconina gracilis (Keyserling, 1891)

Falconina gracilisBonaldo 2000: 79, mf, desc. (figs 36–38, 41–42, 63, 101, 215–228); Calixto et al. 2013: 181, 188–189; Henderson 2007: 61, 63, 65–66, 76, 79, 82; Irungu 2007: 30; Reddell and Cokendolpher 2004: 77; Trevino 2014: 11; Ubick and Richman 2005a: 82; Yantis 2005: 200

Corinna sp.; Jackman 1997: 162

Distribution

Bexar, Brazoria, Brazos, Burleson, Colorado, Coryell, Fayette, Fort Bend, Goliad, Grimes, Harris, Hays, Henderson, Hidalgo, Polk, Robertson, San Patricio, Travis, Victoria, Washington, Webb, Williamson

Locality

5-Eagle Ranch, Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge, Brazos Bend State Park, Goliad State Park, Holmes Pecan Orchard, Lick Creek Park, NK Ranch, Somerville Lake, Stiles Farm Foundation, Welder Wildlife Refuge

Caves

Bexar (Crownridge Canyon Cave); Travis (Five Pocket Cave)

Time of activity

Male (January, January 26-February 22, March – November); female (January, March – November)

Habitat

(crops: cabbage, cotton); (grass: grassland); (landscape features: cave); (nest/prey: pocket gopher burrows); (orchard: pecan); (soil/woodland: buckeye-sycamore forest, Juniperus unmanaged plot, open field, post oak savanna with pasture, post oak woodland, post oak woods [%: 60], sandy area, upland woods); (structures: around house, bathroom floor, in house, indoors, on floor in house)

Method

5 gallon bucket trap [imm.]; cardboard band [mf]; flight intercept trap [m]; flight intercept trap on ground [m]; pitfall trap [mf]; tile trap [m]

Type

Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul

Etymology

Latin, slender

Collection

TAMU, TMM

Note

Ubick and Richman (2005a) noted that this species has been associated with Solenopsis invicta Buren, red imported fire ant, in Texas (page 82, Cokendolpher, pers. comm.). In a study in a post oak savanna with pasture habitat by Calixto (2008), a yearly total of Falconina and ants indicates that Falconina was most abundant in pitfall traps that contained the most S. invicta. Also the following ant genera were most abundant in traps with F. gracilis: Diplorhoptrum, Forelius, Monomorium, and Paratrechina. Two genera of ants, Brachymyrmex and Strumigenys, were only found in traps that contained the most F. gracilis. Both S. invicta and F. gracilis were more abundant in 2006 than 2007 at all three locations. More rain occurred in 2007 than 2006. Thanks to Alejandro Calixto for identifying the ants.

Genus Mazax O. P.-Cambridge, 1898

Mazax kaspari Cokendolpher, 1978

Mazax kaspariCokendolpher 1978b: 230, mf, desc. (figs 1–7); Jackman 1997: 162; Ubick and Richman 2005a: 80

Distribution

Presidio

Time of activity

Male (March); female (March)

Habitat

(grass: grass along river)

Type

Texas (male, Presidio Co., 4 km W Lajitas, March 28, 1975, T. C. Kaspar, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Person (The specific name is in honor of the biologist Mr . T. C . Kaspar, who collected the type specimens, Cokendolpher 1978b).

Mazax pax Reiskind, 1969

Mazax paxJackman 1997: 162; Reiskind 1969: 264 [S], mf, desc. (figs 233–236, 285); Roth 1982: 13–2; Ubick and Richman 2005a: 80

Mazax spinosa O. P.-Cambridge, 1898; Comstock 1940: 592

Distribution

Cameron, Hidalgo, Starr

Locality

Sabal Palm Audubon Sanctuary

Time of activity

Male (September)

Habitat

(soil/woodland: palm forest)

Method

Flight intercept trap on ground [m]

Type

Mexico, Tabasco, Teapa

Etymology

Latin, peace

Collection

TAMU

Genus Septentrinna Bonaldo, 2000

Septentrinna bicalcarata (Simon, 1896)

Septentrinna bicalcarataBonaldo 2000: 85, mf, desc. (figs 229–233); Trevino 2014: 11; Ubick and Richman 2005a: 82

Distribution

Brewster, Hudspeth, Webb

Locality

Big Bend National Park, Guadalupe Pass, Signal Peak

Time of activity

Male (May); female (April – May)

Type

Arizona

Etymology

Latin, two-spurred

Collection

MSU

Family Ctenidae Keyserling, 1877

Genus Anahita Karsch, 1879

Anahita punctulata (Hentz, 1844)

Anahita punctulataJackman 1997: 162; Peck 1981: 158 [T], mf, desc. (figs 1–4); Roth 1982: 14–1; Roth 1985: B-9–1; Roth 1994: 86; Sissom et al. 1999: 260, mf, desc.; Ubick and Dávilla 2005: 84

Ctenus punctulatus Hentz, 1844; Marx 1890: 567

Distribution

Harris (Houston), Tyler

Locality

Kirby State Forest

Time of activity

Male (April 27-May 8)

Method

Flight intercept trap on ground [m]

Type

Alabama

Etymology

Latin, minute white dots on abdomen

Collection

TAMU

Genus Ctenus Walckenaer, 1805

Ctenus valverdiensis Peck, 1981

Ctenus valverdiensisJackman 1997: 162; Peck 1981: 164, f, desc. (figs 18–19); Sissom et al. 1999: 261, m, desc. (figs 3–5, 7–9)

Ctenus sp.; Reddell 1965: 170; Reddell 1970: 405

Distribution

Val Verde

Caves

Val Verde (Cave 8, Diablo Cave, East Gypsum Cave, Ladder Cave, Langtry East Gypsum Cave, Tarantula Cave)

Time of activity

Male (May, September); female (January, September)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave)

Type

Texas (female, Val Verde Co., East Gypsum Cave, January 25, 1964, J. Reddell, D. McKenzie, J. Porter, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

locality (The specific name refers to the type locality, Peck 1981).

Collection

TMM

Genus Leptoctenus L. Koch, 1878

Leptoctenus byrrhus Simon, 1888

Leptoctenus byrrhusBroussard and Horner 2006: 253; Cokendolpher 1993: 39; Gertsch 1935b: 24, mf (figs 56–60); Gertsch 1939b: 25; Jackman 1997: 162; Peck 1981: 166, mf, desc. (figs 20–21, 24–25); Polotow and Brescovit 2014: Appendix S1; Reddell and Cokendolpher 2004: 77; Richman et al. 2011a: 47; Roth 1982: 14–1; Roth 1985: B-9–1; Roth 1994: 86; Sissom et al. 1999: 261, f, desc. (figs 1–2); Ubick and Dávilla 2005: 84

Ctenus byrrhus (Simon, 1888); Bonnet 1956: 1277; Comstock 1940: 569, desc.; Reddell 1965: 170 [part]; Vogel 1970b: 7

Distribution

Central and south Texas; Bandera, Bexar, Brewster, Cameron, Hidalgo, Kendall, Kerr, Medina, Presidio, Starr, Terrell, Val Verde

Locality

Bentsen-Rio Grande Valley State Park, Big Bend National Park, Chihuahuan desert, Chisos Basin, Chisos Mountains, Dalquest Research Site, Lost Maples State Park, Lower Rio Grande Valley National Wildlife Refuge, Sabal Palm Audubon Sanctuary

Caves

Bexar (Get A Rope Cave, Up the Creek Cave); Medina (Haby Bat Cave); Terrell (Longley Cave); Val Verde (Diablo Cave, Ladder Cave, Langtry East Gypsum Cave, Unnamed Cave No. 8)

Time of activity

Male (February 28-March 13, March 26-April 1, April – October); female (July – September, November)

Habitat

(grass: grass); (landscape features: cave, under rock); (soil/woodland: forest litter, palm forest, re-vegetated site, upland deciduous forest)

Method

carrion trap [m]; flight intercept trap on ground [m]; pitfall trap [mf]; yellow pan trap [m]

Type

Mexico

Etymology

Latin, red

Collection

MCZ, MSU, TAMU, TMM

Family Cybaeidae Banks, 1892

nomen dubium

Cybaeus austinensis (Chamberlin, 1924); Bonnet 1956: 1301; Bonnet 1958: 3339; Roewer 1955: 89; Roth and Brown 1986: 15

Parauximus austinensis Chamberlin 1924; Chamberlin 1924a: 2; Roth 1985: 10; Chamberlin and Ivie 1932: 7

Locality. Texas: Austin, R. V. Chamberlin, August, 1909

Note. Described in Dictynidae (Chamberlin 1924a: 2), transferred to Agelenidae (Chamberlin and Ivie 1932: 7), transferred to Cybaeidae (Brignoli 1983: 467). Listed as nomen dubium (Roth and Brown 1986: 15).

Family Dictynidae O. P.-Cambridge, 1871

These are federally endangered (US Fish and Wildlife Service 2010). All are from Bexar Co.

Cicurina baronia Gertsch, 1992 Robber Baron Cave

Cicurina madla Gertsch, 1992 Madla’s Cave

Cicurina venii Gertsch, 1992 Braken Bat Cave

Cicurina vespera Gertsch, 1992 Government Canyon Bat Cave

Note. species incorrectly reported from Texas

Emblyna altamira (Gertsch & Davis, 1942); Jackman 1997: 163 [not in Texas]

Dictyna altamira Gertsch & Davis, 1942; Vogel 1970b: 7

Dictyna crosbyi Gertsch & Mulaik, 1940; Roewer 1955: 1320 [not in Texas]

nomen nudum

Dictyna texana Banks, 1898; Banks 1910: 18; F. O. P.-Cambridge 1902: 359, errata [Texas record] [see Chamberlin and Gertsch 1958: 133, Dictyna iviei Gertsch & Mulaik, 1936]

Genus Argennina Gertsch & Mulaik, 1936

Argennina unica Gertsch & Mulaik, 1936

Argennina unicaBennett 2005a: 99; Chamberlin and Gertsch 1958: 17, f, desc. (pl. 2, fig. 10); Gertsch and Mulaik 1936a: 2, f, desc. (fig. 5); Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 326; Jackman 1997: 162; Lehtinen 1967: 216; Roewer 1955: 1303; Roth 1982: 15–1; Roth 1985: B-11–1; Roth 1994: 89; Vogel 1970b: 7

Distribution

Hidalgo

Type

Texas (female, Hidalgo Co., Edinburg, spring 1933, S. Mulaik, holotype, AMNH)

[male unknown]

Etymology

Latin, singular

Genus Brommella Tullgren, 1948

Brommella lactea (Chamberlin & Gertsch, 1958)

Brommella lacteaBrignoli 1983: 518 [T]; Jackman 1997: 162

Pagomys lactea Chamberlin & Gertsch, 1958; Chamberlin and Gertsch 1958: 16, f, desc.; Vogel 1967: 59; Vogel 1970b: 8

Distribution

Randall

Locality

Palo Duro Canyon

Time of activity

Female (December)

Type

Texas (female, Randall Co., Palo Duro Canyon, near Amarillo, December 1934, D. & S. Mulaik, holotype, AMNH)

[male unknown]

Etymology

Latin, of milk

Genus Cicurina Menge, 1871

Note. transferred from Agelenidae to Dictynidae (Lehtinen 1967: 223)

Cicurina aenigma Gertsch, 1992

Cicurina aenigmaGertsch 1992: 94, f, desc. (figs 29–30); Jackman 1997: 162

Distribution

Hays

Time of activity

Female (April)

Type

Texas (female, Hays Co., April 13, 1939, D. & S. Mulaik, holotype, AMNH)

[male unknown]

Etymology

Latin, enigma, secret

Cicurina arcuata Keyserling, 1887

Cicurina arcuataAgnew et al. 1985: 7; Bonnet 1956: 1086; Jackman 1997: 162; Jones 1936: 69; Vogel 1970b: 2 [Chamberlin and Ivie 1940: 63, mf, desc. (figs 46–47, 84–85)]

Distribution

Dallas, Erath

Time of activity

Female (March)

Habitat

(soil/woodland: under [log, log in woods], woods)

Type

United States

Etymology

Latin, an arch

Collection

TAMU

Cicurina armadillo Gertsch, 1992

Cicurina armadilloGertsch 1992: 95, f, desc. (figs 33–34, chart 1); Jackman 1997: 162

Distribution

Travis

Time of activity

Female (January)

Habitat

(nest/prey: armadillo nest)

Type

Texas (female, Travis Co., near Austin, January 8, 1948, Chelden, holotype, AMNH)

[male unknown]

Etymology

Spanish, animal

Cicurina bandera Gertsch, 1992

Cicurina banderaGertsch 1992: 111, f, desc. (figs 113–114); Jackman 1997: 162; Paquin and Dupérré 2009: 14, f, desc. (figs 8–9, 135)

Distribution

Bandera

Caves

Bandera (Fossil Cave)

Time of activity

Female (March, July)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave)

Type

Texas (female, Bandera Co., Fossil Cave, July 23, 1966, J. Reddell, D. McKenzie, holotype, AMNH)

[male unknown]

Etymology

locality (Named for Bandera County, Gertsch 1992).

Collection

TMM

Cicurina bandida Gertsch, 1992

Cicurina bandidaCulver et al. 2003: 463; Gertsch 1992: 107, f, desc. (figs 79–80); Jackman 1997: 162, 171; Paquin and Dupérré 2009: 14 f, desc. (figs 10–11, 132); Paquin and Hedin 2005b: 2–7; Paquin and Hedin 2006: 165; Paquin et al. 2008: 142 [S], mf, desc. (figs 2–3, 4a–g, 5a)

Cicurina cueva Gertsch, 1992; Culver et al. 2003: 464; Gertsch 1992: 107, f, desc. (figs 81–82); Jackman 1997: 162; Paquin and Dupérré 2009: 22, f, desc. (figs 32–33, 132); Paquin and Hedin 2005b: 2–7

Cicurina reyesi Gertsch, 1992; Culver et al. 2003: 464; Gertsch 1992: 107, f, desc. (figs 85–86); Jackman 1997: 162; Paquin and Dupérré 2009: 41, f, desc. (figs 88–89, 132); Paquin and Hedin 2004: 3254; Paquin and Hedin 2005b: 2, 4–7

Distribution

Travis

Caves

Travis (Airman’s Cave, Bandit Cave, Blowing Sink, Cave X, Driskill Cave, Flint Ridge Cave, Get Down Cave, Ireland’s Cave, Lost Gold Cave, Lost Oasis Cave, Maple Run Cave)

Time of activity

Female (March – June, September)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave)

Type

Texas (female, Travis Co., Bandit Cave, May 26, 1966, J. Reddell, J. Fish, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

locality (Specific name from Spanish bandido, bandit, named for Bandit Cave, Gertsch 1992).

Collection

TMM

Cicurina baronia Gertsch, 1992

Cicurina baroniaCokendolpher 2004a: 38, f, desc. (figs 28–31); Federal Register 1998: 71855–71856, 71858, 71860, 71866; Federal Register 2000: 81419–81421, 81425, 81428, 81433; Federal Register 2002: 55064, 55066–55067, 55075, 55086–55087, 55089; Federal Register 2003: 17156, 17158, 17176, 17191, 17203; Gertsch 1992: 109, mf, desc. (figs 89–90, 155–156); Jackman 1997: 162, 171; NABN 2001: 8; Paquin and Dupérré 2009: 15, f, desc. (figs 12–13, 134); Reddell and Cokendolpher 2004: 79; SWCA Environmental Consultants 2007: 3

Distribution

Bexar

Caves

Bexar (Robber Baron Cave)

Time of activity

Male (June, December); female (April)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave)

Type

Texas (female, Bexar Co., Robber Barron Cave, April 1969, R. Bartholomew, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

locality (Specific name for Robber Baron Cave, Gertsch 1992).

Collection

TMM, TTU

Cicurina barri Gertsch, 1992

Cicurina barriCulver et al. 2003: 463; Gertsch 1992: 117, f, desc. (figs 141–142); Jackman 1997: 162; Paquin and Dupérré 2009: 15, f, desc. (figs 14–15, 137)

Distribution

Sutton

Caves

Sutton (Caverns of Sonora [=Mayfield Cave])

Time of activity

Female (August)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave)

Type

Texas (female, Sutton Co., Caverns of Sonora, August 29, 1959, T. Barr, holotype, AMNH)

[male unknown]

Etymology

Person (Specific name for Thomas Barr, dean of American speleologists, Gertsch 1992).

Collection

TMM

Cicurina blanco Gertsch, 1992

Cicurina blancoGertsch 1992: 95, f, desc. (figs 7–8); Jackman 1997: 162

Distribution

Blanco

Time of activity

Female (February)

Type

Texas (female, Blanco Co., 10 miles E Johnson City, February 23, 1986, S. J. Harden, holotype, AMNH)

[male unknown]

Etymology

Spanish, white (refers to Blanco Co.)

Cicurina browni Gertsch, 1992

Cicurina browniCulver et al. 2003: 463; Gertsch 1992: 98, f, desc. (figs 53–54); Jackman 1997: 162; Paquin and Dupérré 2009: 16, f, desc. (figs 16–17, 130); Paquin and Hedin 2005b: 10; SWCA Environmental Consultants 2007: 1–2, 3–32

Distribution

Williamson

Caves

Williamson (Brown’s Cave)

Time of activity

Female (April)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave)

Type

Texas (female, Williamson Co., Brown’s Cave, April 23, 1989, W. Elliott, J. Reddell, M. Reyes, holotype, AMNH)

[male unknown]

Etymology

locality (Named for Brown’s Cave, Gertsch 1992).

Collection

TMM

Cicurina brunsi Cokendolpher, 2004

Cicurina brunsiCokendolpher 2004a: 38, f, desc. (figs 32–33); Paquin and Dupérré 2009: 16, f, desc. (figs 18–19, 134); Paquin and Hedin 2004: 3253; Reddell and Cokendolpher 2004: 79

Distribution

Bexar

Locality

Camp Bullis

Caves

Bexar (Stahl Cave)

Time of activity

Female (November)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave)

Type

Texas (female, Bexar Co., Stahl Cave, Camp Bullis, November 1, 2001, J. R. Reddell & M. Reyes (molted December 14, 2001, August 2, 2002), holotype, AMNH)

[male unknown]

Etymology

Person (The specific name is honoring Dusty Bruns for his efforts in promoting cave research and sound cave management at Camp Bullis, Cokendolpher 2004a).

Collection

TMM

Cicurina bullis Cokendolpher, 2004

Cicurina bullisCokendolpher 2004a: 39, f, desc. (figs 34–36); Paquin and Dupérré 2009: 17, f, desc. (figs 20–21, 134); Paquin and Hedin 2004: 3253; Reddell and Cokendolpher 2004: 80

Distribution

Bexar

Locality

Camp Bullis

Caves

Bexar ([all Camp Bullis] Eagles Nest Cave, Hilger Hole, Isocow Cave, Platypus Pit, Root Canal Cave)

Time of activity

Female (March – April, November – December)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave)

Type

Texas (female, Bexar Co., Isocow Cave, Zone 3, Camp Bullis, March 2, 1994, W. Elliott & G. Veni, holotype, AMNH)

[male unknown]

Etymology

locality (The specific name is a noun in apposition; taken from Camp Bullis, Cokendolpher 2004a).

Collection

TMM, TTU

Cicurina buwata Chamberlin & Ivie, 1940

Cicurina buwataChamberlin and Ivie 1940: 74, immature, desc. (fig. 94); Cokendolpher 2004a: 32 [S], f, desc. (figs 19–20); Gertsch 1992: 78, 120; Hedin 2015: 348; Jackman 1997: 162; Nicholas 1960: 156; Paquin and Dupérré 2009: 18, f, desc. (figs 22–23, 131); Paquin and Hedin 2004: 3253; Paquin and Hedin 2005b: 10; Reddell 1965: 169; Reddell and Finch 1963: 40; Roth and Brown 1986: 7; SWCA Environmental Consultants 2007: 1–2, 3–32; Vogel 1967: 7; Vogel 1970b: 2

Cicurina elliotti Gertsch, 1992; Culver et al. 2003: 464; Gertsch 1992: 101, f, desc. (figs 73–74); Jackman 1997: 162

Distribution

Travis, Williamson

Caves

Travis (Backyard Cave, Cotterell Cave, Fossil Garden Cave, Gallifer Cave, McNeil Bat Cave); Williamson (Beck’s Sewer Cave, Bev’s Grotto, Buttercup River Cave, Good Friday Cave, McNeil Quarry Cave, Marigold Cave, Rattlesnake Filled Cave, Testudo Tube, T.W.A.S. A Cave, Underline Cave)

Time of activity

Female (January – June, August – September)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave)

Type

Texas (immature, Travis Co., cave near Austin, March 12–18, 1903, J. H. Comstock, type, AMNH)

[male unknown]

Etymology

undetermined

Collection

TMM

Cicurina caliga Cokendolpher & Reddell, 2001

Cicurina caligaCokendolpher and Reddell 2001b: 38, f, desc. (figs 1–2, 3A); Paquin and Dupérré 2009: 19, f, desc. (figs 24–25, 129); Paquin and Hedin 2004: 3253

Distribution

Bell

Locality

Fort Hood

Caves

Bell ([all Fort Hood] Buchanan Cave, Streak Cave, Triple J Cave)

Time of activity

Female (May – June, November)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave)

Type

Texas (female, Bell Co., Triple J Cave, November 1994, M. Warton, holotype, AMNH)

[male unknown]

Etymology

Latin, noun for army boot (army base)

Collection

TMM

Cicurina caverna Gertsch, 1992

Cicurina cavernaCulver et al. 2003: 463; Gertsch 1992: 115, f, desc. (figs 131–132); Jackman 1997: 162; Paquin and Dupérré 2009: 19, f, desc. (figs 26–27, 137)

Distribution

Kimble

Caves

Kimble (Flemming’s Bat Cave)

Time of activity

Female (February)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave)

Type

Texas (female, Kimble Co., Flemming’s Bat Cave, February 21, 1964, W. H. Russell, holotype, AMNH)

[male unknown]

Etymology

Latin, a cavern

Collection

TMM

Cicurina coryelli Gertsch, 1992

Cicurina coryelliCokendolpher 2004b: 61; Cokendolpher and Reddell 2001b: 40, f, desc. (figs 3 B, 4–7); Gertsch 1992: 103, f, desc. (figs 71–72); Jackman 1997: 162; Paquin and Dupérré 2009: 22, f, desc. (figs 30–31, 129); Paquin and Hedin 2004: 3253

Distribution

Coryell

Locality

Fort Hood

Caves

Coryell ([all Fort Hood] Big Red Cave, Egypt Cave, Tippit Cave)

Time of activity

Female (January, April – May)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave)

Type

Texas (female, Coryell Co., Tippit Cave, January 31, 1992, J. Reddell, M. Reyes, holotype, AMNH)

[male unknown]

Etymology

locality (Specific name for Coryell County, Texas, Gertsch 1992).

Collection

TMM, TTU

Cicurina davisi Exline, 1936

Cicurina davisiChamberlin and Ivie 1940: 59, mf, desc. (figs 41, 83); Exline 1936: 18, f, desc. (fig. 24); Jackman 1997: 162; Roth and Brown 1986: 7; Vogel 1970b: 2

Distribution

Concho, Kerr, Llano

Locality

Raven Ranch

Time of activity

Male (December); female (December)

Type

Texas (female, Llano Co., December 1934, L. I. Davis, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Person (collector)

Cicurina delrio Gertsch, 1992

Cicurina delrioGertsch 1992: 96, f, desc. (figs 21–22, chart 1); Jackman 1997: 162; Paquin and Dupérré 2009: 23, f, desc. (figs 34–35, 138)

Distribution

Val Verde

Locality

Ellison Brite Ranch

Caves

Val Verde (Cave No. 8, Diablo Cave, Sunset Cave)

Time of activity

Female (August, December)

Habitat

(landscape features: under rock); (objects: under rotting shirt)

Type

Texas (female, Val Verde Co., 12 miles NW Del Rio, Sunset Cave, December 14, 1962, J. Reddell, W. Russell, holotype, AMNH)

[male unknown]

Etymology

locality (Specific name for Del Rio, Texas, used in apposition, Gertsch 1992).

Collection

TMM

Cicurina dorothea Gertsch, 1992

Cicurina dorotheaGertsch 1992: 94 [S], f, desc. (figs 35–36); Jackman 1997: 162

Cicurina texana (Gertsch, 1935); Chamberlin and Ivie 1940: 78, f, desc. (fig. 64) [part]; Vogel 1970b: 2

Cicurina minorata (Gertsch & Davis, 1936); Henderson 2007: 68, 76, 79, 82 [misidentified]

Distribution

Brazos, Kerr

Locality

Lick Creek Park, Raven Ranch

Time of activity

Female (August, September 17-October 20, December)

Habitat

(soil/woodland: post oak woodland)

Method

pitfall trap [f]

Type

Texas (female, Kerr Co., Raven Ranch, August 1939, D. & S. Mulaik, holotype, AMNH)

[male unknown]

Etymology

Person (Specific name for Dorothea Mulaik, collector of many Texas spiders, Gertsch 1992).

Collection

TAMU

Cicurina ezelli Gertsch, 1992

Cicurina ezelliCulver et al. 2003: 464; Gertsch 1992: 99, f, desc. (figs 61–62); Jackman 1997: 162; Paquin and Dupérré 2009: 23, f, desc. (figs 36–37, 133); Paquin and Hedin 2004: 3253

Distribution

Hays

Caves

Hays (Ezell’s Cave, Grapevine Cave)

Time of activity

Female (July, September)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave)

Type

Texas (female, Hays Co., Ezell’s Cave, September 7, 1963, J. Reddell, D. McKenzie, R. Ballinger, holotype, AMNH)

[male unknown]

Etymology

locality (Specific name for Ezell’s Cave, Gertsch 1992).

Collection

TMM

Cicurina gruta Gertsch, 1992

Cicurina grutaCulver et al. 2003: 464; Gertsch 1992: 117, f, desc. (figs 147–148); Jackman 1997: 162; Paquin and Dupérré 2009: 24, f, desc. (figs 38–39, 138 [sic 28–29])

Distribution

Edwards

Caves

Edwards (Dunbar Cave)

Time of activity

Female (September)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave)

Type

Texas (female, Edwards Co., Dunbar Cave, September 29, 1956, W. McAlister, holotype, AMNH)

[male unknown]

Etymology

Spanish, cave

Collection

TMM

Cicurina hexops Chamberlin & Ivie, 1940

Cicurina hexopsChamberlin and Ivie 1940: 79, m, desc. (fig. 92); Gertsch 1992: 90, m, desc. (figs 49–50); Jackman 1997: 162; Roth and Brown 1986: 7; Vogel 1967: 7; Vogel 1970b: 2

Distribution

Tom Green

Time of activity

Male (December)

Type

Texas (male, Tom Green Co., Water Valley, December 1939, S. & D. Mulaik, holotype, AMNH)

[female unknown]

Etymology

Latin, 6 eyes

Cicurina holsingeri Gertsch, 1992

Cicurina holsingeriCulver et al. 2003: 464; Gertsch 1992: 98, f, desc. (figs 57–58); Jackman 1997: 162; Paquin and Dupérré 2009: 24, f, desc. (figs 40–41, 138)

Distribution

Val Verde

Locality

Seminole Canyon State Park

Caves

Val Verde (Seminole Canyon Cave)

Time of activity

Female (March)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave)

Type

Texas (female, Val Verde Co., Seminole Canyon State Park, March 4, 1983, W. R. Elliott, holotype, AMNH)

[male unknown]

Etymology

Person (Named for Dr. John R. Holsinger of Old Dominion University, specialist on many cave animals, Gertsch 1992).

Collection

TMM

Cicurina hoodensis Cokendolpher & Reddell, 2001

Cicurina hoodensisCokendolpher 2004b: 61; Cokendolpher and Reddell 2001b: 43, f, desc. (figs 3C, 10–11); Paquin and Dupérré 2009: 25, f, desc. (figs 42–43, 129); Paquin and Hedin 2004: 3253

Distribution

Bell

Locality

Fort Hood

Caves

Bell ([all Fort Hood] Buchanan Cave, Camp 6 Cave No. 1, Peep in the Deep Cave, Talking Crows Cave, Treasure Cave, Triple J Cave)

Time of activity

Female (April – June, November)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave)

Type

Texas (female, Bell Co., Buchanan Cave, May 7, 1998, L. J. Graves, J. Reddell & M. Reyes, holotype, AMNH)

[male unknown]

Etymology

locality (This species is named for its occurrence on Fort Hood, Cokendolpher and Reddell 2001b).

Collection

TMM, TTU

Cicurina joya Gertsch, 1992

Cicurina joyaGertsch 1992: 96, f, desc. (figs 13–14, chart 1); Jackman 1997: 162; Reddell and Cokendolpher 2004: 80

Distribution

Comal

Caves

Comal (Brehmmer Cave, Heidrich’s Cave)

Time of activity

Female (March)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave)

Type

Texas (female, Comal Co., Heidrich’s Cave, March 19, 1960, W. J. Gertsch, W. Ivie, holotype, AMNH)

[male unknown]

Etymology

Spanish, jewel

Collection

TMM

Cicurina loftini Cokendolpher, 2004

Cicurina loftiniCokendolpher 2004a: 41, f, desc. (figs 37–39); Paquin and Dupérré 2009: 27, f, desc. (figs 46–47, 134); Paquin and Hedin 2004: 3253; Paquin and Hedin 2005b: 10; Reddell and Cokendolpher 2004: 80; White et al. 2009: 341

Distribution

Bexar

Caves

Bexar (Caracol Creek Coon Cave, SBC Cave)

Time of activity

Female (February, June)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave)

Type

Texas (female, Bexar Co., Caracol Creek Coon Cave, June 15, 1993, J. Loftin, J. R. Reddell, M. Reyes & G. Veni, holotype, AMNH)

[male unknown]

Etymology

Person (The species is named after James Loftin of San Antonio, for his years of cave explorations, Cokendolpher 2004a).

Collection

TMM, TTU

Cicurina machete Gertsch, 1992

Cicurina macheteGertsch 1992: 114, f, desc. (figs 125–126); Jackman 1997: 162; Paquin and Dupérré 2009: 28, f, desc. (figs 48–49, 130)

Distribution

San Saba

Caves

San Saba (Whiteface Cave)

Time of activity

Female (February)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave)

Type

Texas (female, San Saba Co., Whiteface Cave, February 9, 1964, J. Reddell, D. McKenzie, K. Garrett, holotype, AMNH)

[male unknown]

Etymology

Spanish, cutlass

Collection

TMM

Cicurina madla Gertsch, 1992

Cicurina madlaCokendolpher 2004a: 42, f, desc. (figs 40–46); Federal Register 1998: 71855–71856, 71858, 71860, 71866; Federal Register 2000: 81419–81421, 81425, 81428, 81433; Federal Register 2002: 55064, 55066–55067, 55074– 55075, 55086–55087, 55089; Federal Register 2003: 17156, 17158, 17175–17176, 17190–17191, 17195; Gertsch 1992: 109, f, desc. (figs 91–92); Jackman 1997: 162, 171; NABN 2001: 8; Paquin and Dupérré 2009: 28, f, desc. (figs 50–51, 134–135); Paquin and Hedin 2004: 3253–3254; Reddell and Cokendolpher 2004: 80; SWCA Environmental Consultants 2007: 3

Distribution

Bexar, Uvalde

Locality

Camp Bullis

Caves

Bexar (Christmas Cave, Headquarters Cave [Camp Bullis], Helotes Blowhole, Hills and Dales Pit, Logan’s Cave, Lost Pothole (=Lost Pot), Madla’s Cave, Madla’s Drop Cave, Robber’s Cave)

Time of activity

Female (February, June – July, September – October)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave)

Type

Texas (female, Bexar Co., Madlas’s Cave, October 4, 1963, J. Reddell, D. McKenzie, holotype, AMNH)

[male unknown]

Etymology

locality (Specific name for Madlas’s Cave, Gertsch 1992).

Collection

TMM, TTU

Cicurina marmorea Gertsch, 1992

Cicurina marmoreaGertsch 1992: 90, f, desc. (figs 11–12); Jackman 1997: 162

Distribution

Burnet

Time of activity

Female (November)

Type

Texas (female, Burnet Co., 8 miles N Marble Falls, November 8, 1964, J. Reddell, holotype, AMNH)

[male unknown]

Etymology

Latin, marble for Marble Falls

Cicurina mckenziei Gertsch, 1992

Cicurina mckenzieiGertsch 1992: 115, f, desc. (figs 139–140); Jackman 1997: 162; Paquin and Dupérré 2009: 30, f, desc. (figs 54–55, 136)

Distribution

Bandera

Caves

Bandera (Fog Fissure)

Time of activity

Female (October)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave)

Type

Texas (female, Bandera Co., Fog Fissure, October 30, 1963, D. McKenzie, holotype, AMNH)

[male unknown]

Etymology

Person (Named for David McKenzie, student of caves, Gertsch 1992).

Collection

TMM

Cicurina medina Gertsch, 1992

Cicurina medinaCulver et al. 2003: 464; Gertsch 1992: 117, m, desc. (figs 149–150); Jackman 1997: 162; Paquin and Dupérré 2009: 30, m, desc. (figs 56–57, 135)

Distribution

Medina

Caves

Medina (Boehme’s Cave)

Time of activity

Male (February)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave)

Type

Texas (male, Medina Co., Boehme’s Cave, February 16, 1964, J. Reddell, D. McKenzie, J. Porter, holotype, AMNH)

[female unknown]

Etymology

locality (Named for Medina County, Gertsch 1992).

Collection

TMM

Cicurina menardia Gertsch, 1992

Cicurina menardiaCulver et al. 2003: 464; Gertsch 1992: 98, mf, desc. (figs 59–60, 157–158); Jackman 1997: 162; Paquin and Dupérré 2009: 32, f, desc. (figs 58–59, 137)

Distribution

Menard

Caves

Menard (Powell’s Cave)

Time of activity

Male (September); female (September)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave)

Type

Texas (female, Menard Co., Powell’s Cave, September 16, 1978, J. Reddell, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

locality (Specific name for Menard County, Gertsch 1992).

Collection

TMM

Cicurina microps Chamberlin & Ivie, 1940

Cicurina micropsChamberlin and Ivie 1940: 77, mf, desc. (figs 61–62, 91); Gertsch 1992: 97, mf, desc. (figs 16, 51–52, chart 1); Jackman 1997: 162; Roewer 1955: 51; Roth and Brown 1986: 7; Vogel 1967: 8; Vogel 1970b: 2

Distribution

Kerr, McCulloch, Travis

Locality

Raven Ranch

Time of activity

Male (November – December); female (December)

Type

Texas (male, Kerr Co., Raven Ranch, December 16, 1939, D. & S. Mulaik, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Greek, small eyes

Collection

DMNS

Cicurina minorata (Gertsch & Davis, 1936)

Cicurina minorataChamberlin and Ivie 1940: 80, f, desc. (figs 63, 96); Cokendolpher 2004a: 46, f, desc. (figs 48–51); Gertsch 1992: 92 [T], f, desc. (fig. 15); Jackman 1997: 162; Roewer 1955: 51; Roth and Brown 1986: 7; Vogel 1970b: 2

Chorizomma minorata Gertsch & Davis, 1936; Gertsch and Davis 1936: 6, f, desc. (fig. 8)

Chorizomma minoratum Gertsch & Davis, 1936; Bonnet 1956: 1076

Distribution

Bexar

Time of activity

Female (December)

Type

Texas (female, Bexar Co., San Antonio, December 1934, L. I. Davis, holotype, AMNH)

[male unknown]

Etymology

Latin, very small

Cicurina mirifica Gertsch, 1992

Cicurina mirificaGertsch 1992: 88, f, desc. (figs 5–6, chart 1); Jackman 1997: 162; Paquin and Dupérré 2009: 32, f, desc. (figs 60–61, 137)

Distribution

Pecos

Caves

Pecos (Amazing Maze Cave)

Time of activity

Female (March)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave)

Type

Texas (female, Pecos Co., Amazing Maze Cave, March 1, 1986, A. Cobb, holotype, AMNH)

[male unknown]

Etymology

Latin, wonder, amazing

Collection

TMM

Cicurina mixmaster Cokendolpher & Reddell, 2001

Cicurina mixmasterCokendolpher and Reddell 2001b: 41, f, desc. (figs 8–9); Paquin and Dupérré 2009: 33, f, desc. (figs 62–63, 129); Paquin and Hedin 2004: 3254

Distribution

Coryell

Caves

Coryell (Mixmaster Cave)

Time of activity

Female (November)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave)

Type

Texas (female, Coryell Co., Mixmaster Cave, November 5, 1998, J. Cokendolpher, J. Krejca, J. Reddell & M. Reyes, holotype, AMNH)

[male unknown]

Etymology

locality (Noun in apposition; referring to the type locality, Cokendolpher and Reddell 2001b).

Cicurina modesta Gertsch, 1992

Cicurina modestaGertsch 1992: 90, m, desc. (figs 45–46); Jackman 1997: 162

Distribution

Kerr

Method

pitfall trap [m]

Type

Texas (male, Kerr Co., Camp Verde, no date, W. Rogers, holotype, AMNH)

[female unknown]

Etymology

Latin, modest

Cicurina neovespera Cokendolpher, 2004

Cicurina neovesperaCokendolpher 2004a: 47, f, desc. (figs 52–53); Paquin and Dupérré 2009: 33, f, desc. (figs 64–65, 134); Reddell and Cokendolpher 2004: 80

Distribution

Bexar

Caves

Bexar (Elm Springs Cave [=Grubbs Cave ES], La Cantera Sink [=Grubbs Cave No. 23])

Time of activity

Female (October)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave)

Type

Texas (female, Bexar Co., Elm Springs Cave, no date, A. G. Grubbs, holotype, AMNH)

[male unknown]

Etymology

Greek, meaning new kin of Cicurina vespera Gertsch, 1992

Collection

TMM

Cicurina obscura Gertsch, 1992

Cicurina obscuraGertsch 1992: 113, f, desc. (figs 115–116); Jackman 1997: 162; Paquin and Dupérré 2009: 34, f, desc. (figs 66–67, 135)

Distribution

Bandera

Caves

Bandera (Sutherland Hollow Cave)

Time of activity

Female (August)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave)

Type

Texas (female, Bandera Co., Sutherland Hollow Cave, August 4, 1974, S. Sweet, holotype, AMNH)

[male unknown]

Etymology

Latin, obscure

Collection

TMM

Cicurina orellia Gertsch, 1992

Cicurina orelliaCulver et al. 2003: 464; Gertsch 1992: 105, f, desc. (figs 107–108); Jackman 1997: 162; Paquin and Dupérré 2009: 34, f, desc. (figs 68–69, 135)

Distribution

Real

Caves

Real (Orell Crevice Cave, Ramsey Bat Cave)

Time of activity

Female (August)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave)

Type

Texas (female, Real Co., Orell Crevice Cave, August 18, 1963, J. Reddell, D. McKenzie, holotype, AMNH)

[male unknown]

Etymology

locality (Named for Orell Crevice Cave, Gertsch 1992).

Collection

TMM

Cicurina pablo Gertsch, 1992

Cicurina pabloCulver et al. 2003: 464; Gertsch 1992: 105, f, desc. (figs 105–106); Jackman 1997: 162; Paquin and Dupérré 2009: 35, f, desc. (figs 70–71, 135)

Distribution

Uvalde

Caves

Uvalde (Pablo’s Cave)

Time of activity

Female (April)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave)

Type

Texas (female, Uvalde Co., Pablo’s Cave, April 5, 1963, J. Reddell, D. McKenzie, holotype, AMNH)

[male unknown]

Etymology

locality (Specific name for Pablo’s Cave, used in apposition, Gertsch 1992).

Collection

TMM

Cicurina pampa Chamberlin & Ivie, 1940

Cicurina pampaChamberlin and Ivie 1940: 79, f, desc. (fig. 60); Cokendolpher 2004a: 48 [S], f, desc. (figs 54–60); Gertsch 1992: 90, f, desc. (figs 23–24); Jackman 1997: 162; Paquin and Hedin 2004: 3254; Reddell and Cokendolpher 2004: 80; Roewer 1955: 51; Roth and Brown 1986: 8; Vogel 1967: 8; Vogel 1970b: 2

Cicurina gatita Gertsch, 1992; Gertsch 1992: 92, f, desc. (figs 27–28); Jackman 1997: 162

Distribution

Bexar, Kendall

Locality

Camp Bullis

Caves

Bexar (Black Cat Cave, Cherry Hollow Cave (20b) [=Cave No. 19], Cross the Creek Cave [Camp Bullis], Karst Feature 471–4, Porcupine Squeeze Cave [=Grubs Cave No. 189], Stone Oak Parkway Pit, Up the Creek Cave [Camp Bullis], Vera Cruz Shaft [Camp Bullis])

Time of activity

Female (January – April, October – December)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave)

Type

Texas (female, Kendall Co., December 1939, D. & S. Mulaik, holotype, AMNH)

[male unknown]

Etymology

Spanish, grassy plain

Collection

TMM

Cicurina pastura Gertsch, 1992

Cicurina pastura Gertsch, 1992: 114, f, desc. (figs 123–124); Jackman 1997: 162; Paquin and Dupérré 2009: 35, f, desc. (figs 72–73, 136)

Distribution

Kerr

Caves

Kerr (Water Pond Pasture Cave)

Time of activity

Female (October)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave)

Type

Texas (female, Kerr Co., Water Pond Pasture Cave, October 16, 1976, D. Pate, R. Fieseler, C. Yates, holotype, AMNH)

[male unknown]

Etymology

Latin, pasture

Collection

TMM

Cicurina patei Gertsch, 1992

Cicurina pateiCulver et al. 2003: 464; Gertsch 1992: 113, f, desc. (figs 117–118); Jackman 1997: 162; Paquin and Dupérré 2009: 36, f, desc. (figs 74–75, 138)

Distribution

Val Verde

Caves

Val Verde (Fawcett’s Cave)

Time of activity

Female (April, August)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave)

Type

Texas (female, Val Verde Co., Fawcett’s Cave, August 8, 1987, D. Pate, holotype, AMNH)

[male unknown]

Etymology

Person (Named for Dale Pate, Gertsch 1992).

Collection

TMM

Cicurina platypus Cokendolpher, 2004

Cicurina platypusCokendolpher 2004a: 51, f, desc. (figs 61–62); Paquin and Dupérré 2009: 38, f, desc. (figs 76–77, 134); Paquin and Hedin 2004: 3254; Reddell and Cokendolpher 2004: 80

Distribution

Bexar

Locality

Camp Bullis

Caves

Bexar (MARS Pit [Camp Bullis], Platypus Pit)

Time of activity

Female (March, October)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave)

Type

Texas (female, Bexar Co., Platypus Pit, March 30, 1995, J. R. Reddell & M. Reyes, holotype, AMNH)

[male unknown]

Etymology

locality (The specific name is a noun in apposition; taken from the type locality Platypus Pit, Cokendolpher 2004a).

Collection

TMM

Cicurina porteri Gertsch, 1992

Cicurina porteriCulver et al. 2003: 464; Gertsch 1992: 115, f, desc. (figs 133–134); Jackman 1997: 162; Paquin and Dupérré 2009: 38, f, desc. (figs 78–79, 138)

Distribution

Val Verde

Caves

Val Verde (Oriente Milestone Molasses Bat Cave)

Time of activity

Female (January)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave)

Type

Texas (female, Val Verde Co., Oriente Milestone Molasses Bat Cave, January 25, 1964, J. Reddell, D. McKenzie, J. Porter, holotype, AMNH)

[male unknown]

Etymology

Person (Named for John Porter, student of caves, Gertsch 1992).

Collection

TMM

Cicurina puentecilla Gertsch, 1992

Cicurina puentecillaGertsch 1992: 111, f, desc. (figs 99–100); Jackman 1997: 162; Paquin and Dupérré 2009: 39, f, desc. (figs 80–81, 134); Paquin and Hedin 2004: 3254; Reddell and Cokendolpher 2004: 81; White et al. 2009: 341

Distribution

Bexar, Comal

Caves

Bexar (B-52 Cave, Black Cat Cave); Comal (Natural Bridge Caverns)

Time of activity

Female (September)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave)

Type

Texas (female, Comal Co., Natural Bridge Caverns, September 2, 1978, A. G. Grubbs, holotype, AMNH)

[male unknown]

Etymology

Spanish, little bridge

Collection

TMM, TTU

Cicurina rainesi Gertsch, 1992

Cicurina rainesiCulver et al. 2003: 464; Gertsch 1992: 117, f, desc. (figs 143–144); Jackman 1997: 162; Paquin and Dupérré 2009: 39, f, desc. (figs 82–83, 138)

Distribution

Edwards

Caves

Edwards (3-Bounce Pit)

Time of activity

Female (February, July)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave)

Type

Texas (female, Edwards Co., 3-Bounce Pit, February 1974, T. Raines, J. Lewis, R. Fieseler, holotype, AMNH)

[male unknown]

Etymology

Person (Named for Terry Raines, student of caves, Gertsch 1992).

Collection

TMM

Cicurina reclusa Gertsch, 1992

Cicurina reclusaGertsch 1992: 111, f, desc. (figs 97–98); Jackman 1997: 162; Paquin and Dupérré 2009: 40, f, desc. (figs 84–85, 134); Reddell and Cokendolpher 2004: 81

Distribution

Comal

Caves

Comal (Kappelman Cave, Kappelman Salamander Cave)

Time of activity

Female (March)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave)

Type

Texas (female, Comal Co., Kappelman Salamander Cave, March 15, 1964, W. Russell, J. Reddell, holotype, AMNH)

[male unknown]

Etymology

Latin, recluse

Collection

TMM

Cicurina riogrande Gertsch & Mulaik, 1940

Cicurina riograndeChamberlin and Ivie 1940: 76, f, desc. (figs 57–58); Gertsch 1992: 97, f, desc. (figs 3–4); Jackman 1997: 162; Roth and Brown 1986: 8; Vogel 1967: 9; Vogel 1970b: 2

Cicurina riogranda Gertsch & Mulaik, 1940; Roewer 1955: 52

Distribution

Starr

Time of activity

Female (January)

Type

Texas (female, Starr Co., 5 miles E Rio Grande City, January 12, 1939, S. Mulaik, holotype, AMNH)

[male unknown]

Etymology

locality (city)

Cicurina robusta Simon, 1886

Cicurina robustaExline 1936: 20, mf, desc. (figs 21, 21a); Jackman 1997: 162; Vogel 1970b: 2 [Chamberlin and Ivie 1940: 68, mf, desc. (figs 53, 87)]

Distribution

Travis

Type

Colorado

Etymology

Latin, hard, strong

Cicurina rosae Gertsch, 1992

Cicurina rosaeGertsch 1992: 94, f, desc. (figs 31–32); Jackman 1997: 162

Distribution

Kimble

Time of activity

Female (November)

Type

Texas (female, Kimble Co., 7 miles E Junction, November 19, 1967, R. Carpenter, holotype, AMNH)

[male unknown]

Etymology

Person (Specific name for Rose Carpenter, friend and collector of many Texas spiders, Gertsch 1992).

Cicurina rudimentops Chamberlin & Ivie, 1940

Cicurina rudimentopsChamberlin and Ivie 1940: 76, f, desc. (fig. 59); Gertsch 1992: 95, f, desc. (figs 19–20, chart 1); Jackman 1997: 162; Roewer 1955: 52; Roth and Brown 1986: 8; Vogel 1967: 9; Vogel 1970b: 2

Distribution

Jim Wells

Time of activity

Female (December)

Type

Texas (female, Jim Wells Co., 17 miles N Alice, December 1939, D. & S. Mulaik, holotype, AMNH)

[male unknown]

Etymology

Latin, rudimentary eyes

Note

Duval is wrong county listed in Gertsch 1992

Cicurina russelli Gertsch, 1992

Cicurina russelliCulver et al. 2003: 464; Gertsch 1992: 107, f, desc. (figs 83–84); Jackman 1997: 162; Paquin and Dupérré 2009: 41, f, desc. (figs 90–91, 133)

Distribution

Hays

Caves

Hays (Boyett’s Cave)

Time of activity

Female (March)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave)

Type

Texas (female, Hays Co., Boyett’s Cave, March 30, 1963, J. Reddell, W. Russell, holotype, AMNH)

[male unknown]

Etymology

Person (Named for William Russell, Gertsch 1992).

Collection

TMM

Cicurina sansaba Gertsch, 1992

Cicurina sansabaGertsch 1992: 114, mf, desc. (figs 127–128, 153–154); Jackman 1997: 162; Paquin and Dupérré 2009: 42, f, desc. (figs 92–93, 130)

Distribution

San Saba

Caves

San Saba (Gorman Cave, Lemons Ranch Cave)

Time of activity

Male (June); female (March, June)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave)

Type

Texas (female, San Saba Co., Gorman Cave, March 15, 1963, J. Reddell, D. McKenzie, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

locality (Specific name for San Saba County, Gertsch 1992).

Collection

TMM

Cicurina selecta Gertsch, 1992

Cicurina selectaCulver et al. 2003: 464; Gertsch 1992: 105, f, desc. (figs 111–112); Jackman 1997: 162; Paquin and Dupérré 2009: 42, f, desc. (figs 94–95, 135)

Distribution

Uvalde

Caves

Uvalde (Sandtleben Cave [=Davy Crockett Cave])

Time of activity

Female (October)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave)

Type

Texas (female, Uvalde Co., Sandtleben Cave, October 18, 1964, J. Reddell, holotype, AMNH)

[male unknown]

Etymology

Latin, to choose

Collection

TMM

Cicurina serena Gertsch, 1992

Cicurina serenaCulver et al. 2003: 464; Gertsch 1992: 105, f, desc. (figs 109–110); Jackman 1997: 162; Paquin and Dupérré 2009: 43, f, desc. (figs 96–97, 135)

Distribution

Uvalde

Caves

Uvalde (North Well Cave, Picture Cave No. 1)

Time of activity

Female (April, November)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave)

Type

Texas (female, Uvalde Co., Picture Cave No. 1, November 3, 1962, J. Reddell, holotype, AMNH)

[male unknown]

Etymology

Latin, serene

Collection

TMM

Cicurina sheari Gertsch, 1992

Cicurina sheariCulver et al. 2003: 464; Gertsch 1992: 115, f, desc. (figs 135–136); Jackman 1997: 162; Paquin and Dupérré 2009: 44, f, desc. (figs 98–99, 136)

Distribution

Real

Caves

Real (Ramsey Bat Cave)

Time of activity

Female (October)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave)

Type

Texas (female, Real Co., Ramsey Bat Cave, October 2, 1976, D. Pate, R. Hemperly, K. Heuss, holotype, AMNH)

[male unknown]

Etymology

Person (Named for William A. Shear, student of spider behavior and evolution, Gertsch 1992).

Collection

TMM

Cicurina sintonia Gertsch, 1992

Cicurina sintoniaGertsch 1992: 95, mf, desc. (figs 25–26, 47–48, chart 1); Jackman 1997: 162

Distribution

San Patricio

Time of activity

Male (November); female (November)

Type

Texas (female, San Patricio Co., Sinton, November 20, 1959, H. E. Laughlin, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

locality (Specific name for Sinton, Texas, Gertsch 1992).

Cicurina sprousei Gertsch, 1992

Cicurina sprouseiCulver et al. 2003: 464; Gertsch 1992: 113, f, desc. (figs 119–120); Jackman 1997: 162; Paquin and Dupérré 2009: 44, f, desc. (figs 100–101, 136)

Distribution

Bandera, Bexar, Travis, Williamson

Caves

Bandera (Station “C” Cave)

Time of activity

Female (June, August – October)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave)

Type

Texas (female, Bandera Co., Station “C” Cave, September 4, 1988, P. Sprouse, holotype, AMNH)

[male unknown]

Etymology

Person (Specific name for Peter Sprouse, student of caves, Gertsch 1992).

Collection

TMM, TTU

Cicurina stowersi Gertsch, 1992

Cicurina stowersiGertsch 1992: 113, f, desc. (figs 121–122); Jackman 1997: 162; Paquin and Dupérré 2009: 46, f, desc. (figs 102–103, 136)

Distribution

Kerr

Caves

Kerr (Stowers Cave)

Time of activity

Female (May)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave)

Type

Texas (female, Kerr Co., Stowers Cave, May 3, 1969, R. Bartholomew, holotype, AMNH)

[male unknown]

Etymology

locality (Specific name for Stowers Cave, Gertsch 1992).

Collection

TMM

Cicurina suttoni Gertsch, 1992

Cicurina suttoniCulver et al. 2003: 464; Gertsch 1992: 115, mf, desc. (figs 137–138, 151–152); Jackman 1997: 162; Paquin and Dupérré 2009: 46, f, desc. (figs 104–105, 137)

Distribution

Sutton

Caves

Sutton (Felton Cave)

Time of activity

Male (October); female (July)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave, rotting root in cave)

Type

Texas (female, Sutton Co., Felton Cave, July 4, 1964, J. Reddell, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

locality (Specific name for Sutton County, Gertsch 1992).

Collection

TMM

Cicurina texana (Gertsch, 1935)

Cicurina texanaCalixto et al. 2013: 181; Chamberlin and Ivie 1940: 78, m, desc. (fig. 90) [part – not f, fig. 64, see C. dorothea]; Gertsch 1992: 92 [T], m, desc. (figs 43–44); Jackman 1997: 162; Roewer 1955: 53; Roth and Brown 1986: 8; Vogel 1970b: 2

Chorizomma texana Gertsch, 1935; Gertsch 1935a: 15, m, desc. (figs 36–37); Vogel 1970b: 2

Chorizomma texanum Gertsch, 1935; Bonnet 1956: 1077

Distribution

Llano, Robertson

Locality

Holmes Pecan Orchard

Time of activity

Male (October, December)

Habitat

(orchard: pecan)

Method

pitfall trap [m]

Type

Texas (male, Llano Co., Llano, December 1934, L. I. Davis, holotype, AMNH)

[female unknown]

Etymology

locality (state)

Collection

TAMU

Cicurina travisae Gertsch, 1992

Cicurina travisaeCulver et al. 2003: 464; Gertsch 1992: 101, f, desc. (figs 63–70); Hedin 2015: 348, 354 [S]; Jackman 1997: 162; Paquin and Dupérré 2009: 47, f, desc. (figs 106–107, 131); Paquin and Hedin 2005b: 10; SWCA Environmental Consultants 2007: 1–2, 3–32

Cicurina reddelli Gertsch, 1992; Culver et al. 2003: 464; Gertsch 1992: 105, f, desc. (figs 77–78); Jackman 1997: 162; Paquin and Dupérré 2009: 40, f, desc. (figs 86–87, 131); Paquin and Hedin 2004: 3254

Cicurina wartoni Gertsch, 1992; Culver et al. 2003: 464; Gertsch 1992: 101, f, desc. (figs 75–76); Jackman 1997: 162, 171; Paquin and Dupérré 2009: 55, f, desc. (figs 122–123–131)

Distribution

Travis, Williamson

Caves

Travis (Amber Cave, Broken Arrow Cave, Cotterell Cave, Kretschmarr Cave, Kretschmarr Double Pit, McDonald Cave (=Schulze Cave), North Root Cave, Pickle Pit, Pisarowicz Cave, Root Cave, Salamander Cave, Spider Cave, Tooth Cave); Williamson (Testudo Cave)

Time of activity

Female (January – June, August, December)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave)

Type

Texas (female, Travis Co., Tooth Cave, August 5, 1963, J. Reddell, holotype, AMNH)

[male unknown]

Etymology

Person (Specific name for Mrs. Nevenna Tsanoff Travis, tireless sponsor for preservation of caves, Gertsch 1992).

Collection

TMM

Cicurina troglobia Cokendolpher, 2004

Cicurina troglobiaCokendolpher 2004b: 60, f, desc. (figs 1–3); Paquin and Dupérré 2009: 47, f, desc. (figs 108–109, 130); Paquin and Hedin 2004: 3254

Cicurina spp.; Cokendolpher and Reddell 2001b: 37

Distribution

Bell

Caves

Bell (Seven Mile Mountain Cave)

Time of activity

Female (June)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave)

Type

Texas (female, Bell Co., Seven Mile Mountain Cave, June 28, 2000, J. Reddell, M. Reyes, molted to maturity July 14, 2001, holotype, AMNH)

[male unknown]

Etymology

Greek, cave and life

Collection

TTU

Cicurina ubicki Gertsch, 1992

Cicurina ubickiCulver et al. 2003: 464; Gertsch 1992: 109, f, desc. (figs 87–88); Jackman 1997: 162; Paquin and Dupérré 2009: 48, f, desc. (figs 110–111, 133)

Distribution

Hays

Caves

Hays (Fern Cave, McGlothlin Cave)

Time of activity

Female (May, September)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave)

Type

Texas (female, Hays Co., Fern Cave, September 2, 1989, D. Ubick, S. Fend, S. Renkes, holotype, AMNH)

[male unknown]

Etymology

Person (Specific name for Darrell Ubick, collector of many cave spiders, Gertsch 1992).

Collection

TMM

Cicurina uvalde Gertsch, 1992

Cicurina uvaldeCulver et al. 2003: 464; Gertsch 1992: 103, f, desc. (figs 101–102); Jackman 1997: 162; Paquin and Dupérré 2009: 48, f, desc. (figs 112–113, 135)

Distribution

Uvalde

Caves

Uvalde (Rambie’s Cave)

Time of activity

Female (April, August – September)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave)

Type

Texas (female, Uvalde Co., Rambie’s Cave, April 6, 1963, J. Reddell, D. McKenzie, holotype, AMNH)

[male unknown]

Etymology

locality (Specific name for Uvalde County, Gertsch 1992).

Collection

TMM

Cicurina varians Gertsch & Mulaik, 1940

Cicurina variansBarr and Reddell 1967: 260; Broussard and Horner 2006: 253; Chamberlin and Ivie 1940: 57, mf, desc. (figs 42, 82, 93, 95); Cokendolpher 2004a: 33, f (figs 12, 21–27); Cokendolpher and Polyak 2004: 189; Cokendolpher and Reddell 2001b: 44; Gertsch 1992: 81, (chart 1); Jackman 1997: 162; Kunath and Smith 1968: 37–38, 44, 80, 103; McKenzie and Reddell 1964: 7, 15, 22, 47, 49; Paquin and Hedin 2004: 3255; Reddell 1964: 7, 11, 33–35, 38, 41; Reddell 1965: 169; Reddell 1967: 14, 23, 26–27, 50, 54; Reddell 1970: 404; Reddell 1973: 29, 56, 69, 79, 111, 115; Reddell 1994: 6; Reddell and Cokendolpher 2004: 82; Reddell and Finch 1963: 8–9, 21, 25, 28, 30, 40–41, 43, 48, 50, 53–54; Reddell and Smith 1965: 20, 33, 46; Richman et al. 2011a: 47; Roberts 2001: 49; Smith and Reddell 1971: 21, 24–25, 29, 31, 41; Vogel 1967: 9; Vogel 1970b: 2; White et al. 2009: 341; Yantis 2005: 196

Distribution

Widespread in caves; Anderson, Bandera, Bee, Bell, Bexar, Blanco, Brewster, Burnet, Cherokee, Childress, Comal, Concho, Coryell, Crockett, Culberson, Dallas, Edwards, Gillespie, Hardeman, Hays, Irion, Jeff Davis, Jim Wells, Kendall, Kerr, Kimble, King, Kinney, Lampasas, Llano, Mason, Medina, Menard, Pecos, Potter, Presidio, Randall, Real, San Saba, Schleicher, Sutton, Terrell, Travis, Uvalde, Val Verde, Wheeler, Wichita, Williamson

Locality

Camp Bullis, Chihuahuan desert, Dalquest Research Site, Fort Hood, Lost Maples State Park, Raven Ranch, Wildcat Bluff Nature Center

Caves

Bandera (Emmett Wilson Cave, Fog Fissure, Fossil Cave, Garrison Hilltop Cave, Station “C” Cave No. 1); Bell (Adam’s Gold Mine, Black Cave, Camp 6 Cave No. 1 [Fort Hood], Figure 8 Cave [Fort Hood], Fools Cave [Fort Hood], Gnarla Cave [Fort Hood], Hill’s Cave, Jagged Walls Cave [Fort Hood], Moffatt Pit Cave [Fort Hood], Nolan Creek Cave [Fort Hood], Price Pit Cave [Fort Hood], Root Sink [Fort Hood], Rugger’s Rift Cave, Sledgehammer Cave [Fort Hood], Sparta Cave [Fort Hood], Streak Cave [Fort Hood], Talking Crows Cave [Fort Hood], Tres Dedos Cave [Fort Hood], Valentine Cave [Fort Hood], Viper Den Cave [Fort Hood]); Bexar (Assassin Cave, B-52 Cave [Camp Bullis], Banzai Mud Dauber Cave [Camp Bullis], Bear Cave, Black Cat Cave, Boneyard Pit [Camp Bullis], Breached Dam Cave, Bunny Hole [Camp Bullis], Caracol Creek Coon Cave, Constant Sorrow Cave, Cross the Creek Cave [Camp Bullis], Dangerfield Cave [Camp Bullis], Dirtwater Cave, Dogleg Cave [Camp Bullis], Eagles Nest Cave [Camp Bullis], Friesenhahn Cave, Glinn’s Gloat Hole [Camp Bullis], Goat Cave [Government Canyon State Natural Area], Government Canyon Bat Cave [Government Canyon State Natural Area], Han’s Grotto, Headquarters Cave [Camp Bullis], Hector’s Hole [Camp Bullis], Hilger Hole [Camp Bullis], Hills and Dales Pit, Hitzfelder’s Bone Hole [=Hitzfelder Cave], Hold Me Back Cave [Camp Bullis], Hornet’s Last Laugh Pit, Isocow Cave [Camp Bullis], Isopit, Kamikazi Cricket Cave, Lone Gunman Pit [Camp Bullis], Low Priority Cave [Camp Bullis], MARS Shaft [Camp Bullis], Madla’s Cave, Mattke Cave, Max and Roberts Cave, Niche Cave, One Formation Cave [Government Canyon State Natural Area], Peace Pipe Cave, Platypus Pit [Camp Bullis], Porcupine Parlor Cave, Raging Cajun Cave [=Rajin’ Cajun Cave], Robber Baron Cave, Robbers Cave, Root Canal Cave [Camp Bullis], Some Monk Chanted Evening Cave, Stevens Ranch Cave No. 1, Stone Oak Parkway Pit, Strange Little Cave [Camp Bullis], Sunless City Cave, Tall Tales Cave, Twin Pits, Up the Creek Cave [Camp Bullis], Vera Cruz Shaft [Camp Bullis], Well Done Cave, Winston’s Cave [Camp Bullis], Wurzbach Bat Cave); Blanco (Davis Blowout Cave, Llewellyn Cave, T Cave); Brewster (O.T.L. Cave, Split Tank Cave); Burnet (Beaver Creek Bat Cave, Crossing Cave, Duncan’s Flea Cave, Fenceline Sink, Longhorn Caverns, Marble Falls Cave No. 3, Persimon Sink, Pie Cave, Porcupine Cave, Shin Oak Sink, Simon Says Sink No. 2, Simons 1174 Sink, Simons Rattlesnake Well, Simons Squeeze-Down Pit, Simons Squirm-Around Cave, Snake Pit Sink, Snelling’s Cave, Tree Ladder Sink, Wagon Trail Cave); Childress (Black Hand Cave, Buzzard Wall Cave); Comal (Bear Creek Cave, Bracken Bat Cave, Brehmmer-Heidrich Cave, Camp Bullis Cave No. 3, Coreth Bat Cave, Deepwater Cave, Ebert Cave, Fischer Cave, Hitzfielder’s Cave, Kappelman Cave, Kappelman Salamander Cave, Klar’s Cave, Lewis Cave, Little Gem Cave, Natural Bridge Caverns, Startzville Bat Cave, Washington Cave, Wyley’s Cave); Coryell (Brokeback Cave [Fort Hood], Chigiouxs’ Cave [Fort Hood], Copperhead Cave No. 2 [Fort Hood], Diamond Cave, Egypt Cave [Fort Hood], Gann Cave [Fort Hood], Mixmaster Cave [Fort Hood], Oxygen Bottle Cave, Rocket River Cave System (Double Tree Cave, Rocket River Cave) [Fort Hood], Rocket River Cave System [Fort Hood], Runoff Cave [Fort Hood], Saltpeter Cave [Fort Hood], Shell Mountain Bat Cave [Fort Hood], Tippit Cave [Fort Hood]); Crockett (Dudley Cave, Ketchum Cave); Culberson (Decent Cave, East Mill Cave); Edwards (Deep Cave, Devil’s Sinkhole, Dunbar Cave, Hughes Cave, Jacoby Cave, Punkin Cave, 3-Bounce Pit); Gillespie (Cave Creek Mosquito Cave); Hardeman (Walkup Cave); Hays (Boggus Cave, Boyett’s Cave, Donaldson Cave, Ezell’s Cave, Halifax Bat Cave, Hunter Uncave, McCarty Cave, Morton’s Cave, Nance Bat Cave, Wimberly Bat Cave); Irion (Arden Cave); Jeff Davis (Bloys Camp Cave); Kendall (Cascade Caverns, Cave-Without-A-Name–Dead Man’s Cave System, Century Caverns, Cricket Cave, Forget-Me-Not Cave, Gertrude’s Unknown Cave, Kohl Ranch Cave No. 1, Pfeiffer Crawlway Cave, Schneider Ranch Cave, Schwarz Cave, Swaglet Cave); Kerr (East Trap Cave, Goat Trap Cave, Mingus Root Cave, Old Morris Cave, Secrest Cave, Seven Room Cave, Stowers Cave); Kimble (Fleming Bat Cave, Garter Snake Cave, The Hole, Live Dog Cave, Lizard Cave, Llewelyn Rose Cave, Top Dog Cave); King (River Styx Cave); Kinney (Bader Cave, Cricket Siphon Cave, Rattlesnake Cave, Webb Cave); Lampasas (Enough Cave); Llano (Miller’s Cave); Mason (Kothmann Cave, Mill Creek Cavern); Medina (Coontop Tip, Haby Bat Cave, Koch Cave, Lutz Cave, Ney Cave, Valdina Farms Sinkhole, Weynand Cave); Menard (Celery Creek Cave, Kearney’s Dead Goat Cave, Neel Cave and Powell’s Cave); Pecos (Amazing Maze Cave); Real (Cave of the Lakes, Emmett Wilson Cave, Haby Cave, Orell Bat Cave, Ramsey Bat Cave, Section 6 Cave, Skeleton Cave, Tucker Hollow Cave); San Saba (Cicurina Cave, Gorman Cave, Harrell’s Cave, Lemon’s Cave, Puberty Pit, Springdale Ranch Cave, Upper Cave, Whiteface Cave); Schleicher (Cave Y); Sutton (Felton Cave, Harrison Cave, Silky Cave); Terrell (Goode Cave, Longley Cave, Pasotex Pit, Wizard’s Well); Travis (Adobe Springs Cave, Airman’s Cave, Amber Cave, Arrow Cave, Bandit Cave, Beckett’s Cave, Bee Creek Cave, Beer Bottle Cave, Brew Pot Sink, Broken Arrow Cave, Cave Y, Cold Cave, Dead Dog Cave No. 1, Driskill Cave, Fossil Cave, Gallifer Cave, Goat Cave, Grove Sinks Cave, Hideout Cave, Hole in the Road, Ireland’s Cave, Jest John Cave, Ken Harrell Cave, Kretschmarr Fluted Sink, Kretschmarr Salamander Cave, Kretschmarr Sink, LaCrosse Cave, Lost Gold Cave, Lunsford’s Cave, McDonald Cave, McNeil Bat Cave, Maple Run Cave, Moss Pit, New Comanche Trail Cave, Night Sink, No Rent Cave, Northwoods Cave, Rolling Rock Cave, Schulze Cave, Spanish Wells, Stark’s North Mine, Stovepipe Cave, Three-Holer Cave, Tooth Cave, Twin Dig Pit, Wade Sink, Weldon Cave, Weldon West Cave, Whirlpool Cave); Uvalde (BFS Cave, Burial Cave, Carson Cave, Grape Hollow Cave, Indian Creek Cave [questionable], Maybe Stream Cave, Picture Cave No. 1, Rambie’s Cave, Sandtleben Cave, Tampke Ranch Cave, West Holler Cave); Val Verde (Arledge Bat Cave, Cave Hollow Cave, Centipede Cave, Emerald Sink, Fern Cave, H. T. Miers Cave, Langtry Lead Cave, Langtry Quarry Cave, Litter Barrel Cave, Oriente Milestone Molasses Bat Cave, Robertson Mill Dirt Cave, Twin Tree Cave); Wheeler (Small Mouth Cave); Williamson (Ballroom Cave No. 2 [questionable], Bat Well, Beck Bat Cave, Beck Horse Cave, Beck Ranch Cave, Beck’s Sewer Cave, Blue Wasp Cave, Bone Cave [questionable], Broken Knife Sink, Chinaberry Cave [questionable], Cobb Caverns, Coffin Cave, Core Barrel Cave, Cricket Cave, Dead Ash Cave, Desert Dune Cave, Elm Cave, Elm Bat Cave, Elm Water Cave, Fern Bluff Cave, Flint Wash Cave, Four-Corners Cave, Jug Cave, Life Station Cave, Lorfing’s Unseen Rattler Cave, Marigold Cave, Man-With-A-Spear Cave, McNeil Quarry Cave, Mosquito Cave, Muscle Sink, Pussy Cat Cave, Raccoon Cave, Ramsel’s Corral Cave, Rattlesnake Filled Cave, Steam Cave, Sunless City Cave, Susana Cave, Temples of Thor Cave, Terrell’s Cave, Texella Cave, The Chimney, Three-Mile Cave, Walsh Ranch Cave, Williams Cave, Wolf Cave, Wolf’s Rattlesnake Cave)

Time of activity

Male (January – May, August – December); female (January – June, August – December)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave); (nest/prey: bird nest); (soil/woodland: leaf litter, pine woods [%: 60])

Method

5 gallon bucket trap [m]; berlese funnel; pitfall trap [mf]

Type

Texas (female, Kerr Co., Raven Ranch, December 1939, D. & S. Mulaik, holotype)

Etymology

Latin, spines vary from typical formula

Collection

MSU, TAMU, TMM, TTU

Cicurina venefica Gertsch, 1992

Cicurina veneficaGertsch 1992: 114, f, desc. (figs 129–130); Jackman 1997: 162; Paquin and Dupérré 2009: 50, f, desc. (figs 114–115, 137)

Distribution

Terrell

Caves

Terrell (Wizard’s Well)

Time of activity

Female (February)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave)

Type

Texas (female, Terrell Co., Wizard’s Well, February 12–13, 1983, E. Short, R. Waters, holotype, AMNH)

[male unknown]

Etymology

Latin, a witch

Collection

TMM

Cicurina venii Gertsch, 1992

Cicurina veniiCokendolpher 2004a: 52, f, desc. (figs 63–64); Culver et al. 2003: 464; Federal Register 1998: 71855–71856, 71858, 71860, 71866; Federal Register 2000: 81419–81420, 81425, 81428, 81433; Federal Register 2002: 55064, 55067, 55073, 55075, 55086–55087; Federal Register 2003: 17156–17158, 17175–17176, 17190–17191, 17193; Gertsch 1992: 111, f, desc. (figs 95–96); Jackman 1997: 162, 171; NABN 2001: 8; Paquin and Dupérré 2009: 52, f, desc. (figs 116–117, 134); Reddell and Cokendolpher 2004: 81; SWCA Environmental Consultants 2007: 3

Distribution

Bexar

Caves

Bexar (Braken Bat Cave)

Time of activity

Female (November)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave)

Type

Texas (female, Bexar Co., Braken Bat Cave, November 22, 1980, G. Veni, holotype, AMNH)

[male unknown]

Etymology

Person (Specific name for George Veni, student of Texas caves, Gertsch 1992).

Collection

TMM

Cicurina vespera Gertsch, 1992

Cicurina vesperaCokendolpher 2004a: 53, f, desc. (figs 65–66); Culver et al. 2003: 464; Federal Register 1998: 71855–71856, 71858, 71860, 71866; Federal Register 2000: 81419–81421, 81425, 81428, 81433; Federal Register 2002: 55064, 55067, 55073–55074, 55086–55087, 55089; Federal Register 2003: 17156–17158, 17176, 17190; Gertsch 1992: 111, f, desc. (figs 93–94); Jackman 1997: 162, 171; NABN 2001: 8; Paquin and Dupérré 2009: 53, f, desc. (figs 118–119, 134); Paquin and Hedin 2004: 3254; Reddell and Cokendolpher 2004: 81; SWCA Environmental Consultants 2007: 3

Distribution

Bexar

Caves

Bexar (Government Canyon Bat Cave [Government Canyon State Natural Area])

Time of activity

Female (August)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave)

Type

Texas (female, Bexar Co., Government Canyon Bat Cave, August 11, 1965, J. Reddell, J. Fish, holotype, AMNH)

[male unknown]

Etymology

Latin, in the evening

Collection

TMM

Cicurina vibora Gertsch, 1992

Cicurina viboraCulver et al. 2003: 464; Gertsch 1992: 98, f, desc. (figs 55–56); Jackman 1997: 162; Paquin and Dupérré 2009: 53, f, desc. (figs 120–121, 130); Paquin and Hedin 2004: 3254; Paquin and Hedin 2005b: 10; SWCA Environmental Consultants 2007: 1–2, 3–32

Distribution

Williamson

Caves

Williamson (Rattlesnake Filled Cave, Sunless City Cave, Temples of Thor Cave)

Time of activity

Female (April – May, August)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave)

Type

Texas (female, Williamson Co., Rattlesnake Filled Cave, August 24, 1963, J. Reddell, W. Russell, holotype, AMNH)

[male unknown]

Etymology

Mexican, viper

Collection

TMM

Note

Sunless City Cave is in Williamson Co. not Bexar Co. as in Paquin and Hedin 2004: 3254.

Cicurina watersi Gertsch, 1992

Cicurina watersiCulver et al. 2003: 464; Gertsch 1992: 103, f, desc. (figs 103–104); Jackman 1997: 163; Paquin and Dupérré 2009: 55, f, desc. (figs 124–125, 135)

Distribution

Uvalde

Caves

Uvalde (Frio Queen Cave)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave)

Type

Texas (female, Uvalde Co., Frio Queen Cave, summer 1983, R. M. Waters, holotype, AMNH)

[male unknown]

Etymology

Person (Specific name for the collector, Randy M. Waters, Gertsch 1992).

Collection

TMM

Genus Dictyna Sundevall, 1833

Dictyna annexa Gertsch & Mulaik, 1936

Dictyna annexaAgnew et al. 1985: 3; Bonnet 1956: 1426; Breene et al. 1993a: 169; Breene et al. 1993b: 647; Breene et al. 1993c: 14, 47, 53, mf, (figs 10A-B); Breene et al. 1994: 8; Calixto et al. 2013: 181; Chamberlin and Gertsch 1958: 92, mf, desc. (pl. 25, figs 7–9); Dean and Sterling 1987: 6; Gertsch and Mulaik 1936a: 6, m, desc. (fig. 8); Jackman 1997: 163; Roewer 1955: 1318; Vogel 1970b: 7; Young and Edwards 1990: 16

Dictyna idahoana Chamberlin & Ivie, 1933; Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 331; Roewer 1955: 1321 [Texas records]

Dictyna anexa Gertsch & Mulaik, 1936; Knutson et al. 2010: 515

Distribution

Widespread; Archer, Baylor, Brown, Cameron, Collingsworth, Comanche, Coryell, Erath, Frio, Hidalgo, Howard, Jim Wells, La Salle, Llano, Reagan, Runnels, Scurry, Starr, Travis, Wichita, Zapata

Locality

Bill Haney Pecan Orchard, Lake Thomas

Time of activity

Male (March – October); female (March – November)

Habitat

(crops: cotton, peanuts, sugarcane, watermelon); (grass: grass); (orchard: citrus, pecan); (plants: miscellaneous vegetation, roadside vegetation, Baccharis); (soil/woodland: juniper, saltcedar, post oak savanna with pasture, Hibiscus sp., Ulmus crassifolia); (structures: near blacklight trap)

Method

D-Vac suction [m]; fogging [mf]; pitfall trap [mf]; suction trap [m]; sweeping [mf]

Eggs/spiderlings

Erath [7 spiderlings in eggsac] [TAMU]

Type

Texas (male, Hidalgo Co., 5 miles W Edinburg, July 4, 1935, S. Mulaik, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Latin, bind

Collection

DMNS, MSU, TAMU

Dictyna bellans Chamberlin, 1919

Dictyna bellansAgnew et al. 1985: 3; Breene et al. 1993b: 647; Breene et al. 1994: 8; Chamberlin and Gertsch 1958: 62, mf, desc. (pl. 16, figs 4–7); Jackman 1997: 163; Knutson et al. 2010: 515; Pfannenstiel 2008a: 204; Young and Edwards 1990: 16

Dictyna longispina Emerton, 1888; Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 329; Jones 1936: 69; Kagan 1942: 11; Kagan 1943: 258; Vogel 1970b: 7; Young and Edwards 1990: 16 [misidentified, Texas records]

Distribution

Eastern 2/3 Texas; Archer, Baylor, Brazos, Cameron, Clay, Coleman, Comal, Comanche, Dallas, Erath, Fannin, Hidalgo, Howard, Hunt, Leon, Llano, McLennan, Navarro, Palo Pinto, Runnels, San Saba, Scurry, Travis, Val Verde, Wichita, Willacy

Locality

Bentsen-Rio Grande Valley State Park, Lake Thomas

Caves

San Saba (Copperhead Cave)

Time of activity

Male (February, April – December); female (April – May, July – December)

Habitat

(crops: cotton, peanuts, sugarcane); (grass: grass); (landscape features: cave); (plants: miscellaneous vegetation, Baccharis); (soil/woodland: juniper, saltcedar, trees/shrubs, woods, Hibiscus sp., Ulmus crassifolia)

Method

Beating [m]; D-Vac suction [mf]; pitfall trap [f]; sweeping [m]

Type

Mississippi, Canton

Etymology

Latin, behavior, film

Collection

DMNS, MSU, TAMU, TMM

Dictyna bostoniensis Emerton, 1888

Dictyna bostoniensisAgnew et al. 1985: 3; Chamberlin and Gertsch 1958: 78, mf, desc. (pl. 20, figs 1–11); Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 332; Jackman 1997: 163; Vogel 1970b: 7; Young and Edwards 1990: 16

Distribution

Comanche, Dallam, Hemphill, Travis

Time of activity

Male (July); female (March, May, July)

Habitat

(crops: peanuts); (soil/woodland: Juniperus ashei, Ulmus crassifolia)

Method

Beating [f]; sweeping [f]

Type

Massachusetts, Boston

Etymology

locality (city)

Collection

TAMU

Dictyna calcarata Banks, 1904

Dictyna calcarataChamberlin and Gertsch 1958: 64, mf, desc. (pl. 17, figs 1–6); Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 330; Jackman 1997: 163; Jones 1936: 69; Jones 1948: 30; Kaston 1972: 82, desc.; Kaston 1978: 83, desc.; Roewer 1955: 1319

Dictyna calcerata Banks, 1904; Vogel 1970b: 7

Distribution

Widespread; Archer, Baylor, Brazos, Burnet, Cameron, Comal, Dallas, Hidalgo, Kleberg, Llano, Lubbock, Reeves, Robertson, Rusk, Terrell, Travis, Webb, Wichita

Locality

Holmes Pecan Orchard, Lake Buchanan

Time of activity

Male (April – May, July – September); female (July – August, October – December)

Habitat

(orchard: pecan); (structures: outside wall)

Type

California, San Pedro

Etymology

Latin, furnished with a spur (on palpus)

Collection

MSU, TAMU, TTU

Dictyna cholla Gertsch & Davis, 1942

Dictyna chollaChamberlin and Gertsch 1958: 68 [S], mf, desc. (pl. 17, figs 7–9); Jackman 1997: 163; Roewer 1955: 1316; Vogel 1967: 49; Vogel 1970b: 7

Dictyna hardyi Gertsch, 1946; Gertsch 1946a: 17, mf, desc. (figs 19–20)

Distribution

Cameron

Locality

Laguna Madre

Time of activity

Male (August); female (August)

Habitat

(nest/prey: nest of Neotoma micropus [mf])

Type

Mexico, Sonora, 27 miles S Nogales

Etymology

Probably after cactus common name, cholla for species

Dictyna coloradensis Chamberlin, 1919

Dictyna coloradensisBradley 2013: 118; Chamberlin and Gertsch 1958: 89 [S], mf, desc. (pl. 26, figs 4–7); Cokendolpher et al. 2008: 8, 18 (photo 16, fig. 5); Jackman 1997: 163; Knutson et al. 2010: 515; Vogel 1970b: 7

Dictyna marxi Jones, 1947; Jones 1948: 30, mf, desc. (figs 82–85, 87)

Distribution

North-central, east, and southeast Texas; Anderson, Archer, Bastrop, Baylor, Bosque, Brown, Burleson, Carson, Howard, Kenedy, Lampasas, Palo Pinto, Runnels, Scurry, Travis, Wichita

Locality

Lake Thomas

Time of activity

Male (March, May); female (February, April – August)

Habitat

(littoral: near playa); (grass: grassland); (plants: miscellaneous vegetation, roadside vegetation); (soil/woodland: juniper, saltcedar, trees/shrubs, willow)

Method

Beating [f]; pitfall trap; sweeping [mf]

Type

Colorado, Colorado Springs

Etymology

locality (state)

Collection

DMNS, MSU, NMSU, TAMU

Dictyna foliacea (Hentz, 1850)

Dictyna foliaceaBradley 2013: 118; Chamberlin and Gertsch 1958: 73 [S], mf, desc. (pl. 19, figs 8–13); Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 329; Jackman 1997: 163; Kaston 1972: 80, desc. (fig. 185); Kaston 1978: 82, desc. (fig. 203); Vogel 1970b: 7

Dictyna frondea Emerton, 1888; Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 332

Distribution

East and north-central Texas; Angelina, Collingsworth, Dallas, Nacogdoches, Robertson, San Augustine, Young

Time of activity

Female (May – July)

Type

Alabama

Etymology

Latin, found to make web in hollow of leaves

Collection

MSU

Dictyna formidolosa Gertsch & Ivie, 1936

Dictyna formidolosaAgnew et al. 1985: 6; Chamberlin and Gertsch 1958: 66, mf, desc. (pl. 16, figs 8–10, pl. 17, fig. 12); Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 328; Jackman 1997: 163; Roewer 1955: 1317; Vogel 1970b: 7; Yantis 2005: 200

Distribution

Angelina, Bandera, Burleson, Erath, Fort Bend, Jasper, Leon, Montgomery

Locality

Lost Maples State Park

Time of activity

Male (March 30-April 6, April – May); female (August)

Habitat

(soil/woodland: loblolly pine unmanaged, post oak savanna with pasture, post oak woods [%: 92], under oak)

Method

5 gallon bucket trap [m]; carrion pitfall trap; pitfall trap [m] (under oak [m])

Type

North Carolina, Black Mountain

Etymology

Latin, causing fear

Collection

TAMU

Dictyna personata Gertsch & Mulaik, 1936

Dictyna personataBonnet 1956: 1447; Chamberlin and Gertsch 1958: 95, mf, desc. (pl. 28, figs 1–4); Gertsch and Mulaik 1936a: 9, f, desc. (fig. 3); Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 329, m (figs 20–21); Jackman 1997: 163; Roewer 1955: 1323; Vogel 1970b: 8

Distribution

Hidalgo, Llano, Zapata

Time of activity

Male (July); female (July – September)

Type

Texas (female, Zapata Co., 30 miles SE Laredo, August 4, 1935, S. Mulaik, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Latin, of a person

Dictyna secuta Chamberlin, 1924

Dictyna secutaChamberlin and Gertsch 1958: 97 [S], mf, desc. (pl. 27, figs 1–6); Jackman 1997: 163; Roewer 1955: 1317; Vogel 1967: 46; Vogel 1970b: 8

Dictyna bishopi Gertsch & Mulaik, 1940; Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 328, f, desc. (figs 30, 32)

Distribution

Brewster, El Paso

Time of activity

Female (June)

Type

Mexico, Gulf of California, San Esteban Island

Etymology

Latin, followed

Dictyna sylvania Chamberlin & Ivie, 1944

Dictyna sylvaniaChamberlin and Gertsch 1958: 98, m, desc. (pl. 26, figs 9–11); Jackman 1997: 163

Distribution

Panola

Time of activity

Male (May)

Type

Georgia, 1 mile N Sylvania

[female unknown]

Etymology

locality (city)

Dictyna terrestris Emerton, 1911

Dictyna terrestrisChamberlin and Gertsch 1958: 70, mf, desc. (pl. 18, figs 6–8); Dean and Sterling 1990: 402; Jackman 1997: 163; Vogel 1970b: 8

Distribution

Brazos, Hunt

Time of activity

Male (March, August)

Method

suction trap [m]

Type

New Hampshire, Lake Winnipesaukee, Three Mile Island

Etymology

Latin, of the earth, ground

Collection

TAMU

Dictyna volucripes Keyserling, 1881

Dictyna volucripesAgnew et al. 1985: 3; Bradley 2013: 118; Breene et al. 1993b: 647; Breene et al. 1993c: 15, 47, 54, mf (figs 16A-B); Chamberlin and Gertsch 1958: 87, mf, desc. (pl. 26, figs 1–3); Dean and Sterling 1987: 6; Dean et al. 1982: 254; Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 331; Jackman 1997: 97, 163; Jones 1936: 69; Jones 1948: 32; Rogers and Horner 1977: 523; Vogel 1970b: 8; Young and Edwards 1990: 17

Distribution

Eastern 2/3 Texas; Anderson, Archer, Bastrop, Bee, Bowie, Brown, Cameron, Clay, Collin, Comanche, Coryell, Dallas, Erath, Harris, Hidalgo, Hunt, Kerr, Llano, Navarro, Scurry, Travis, Walker, Webb, Wichita, Wilbarger, Willacy, Williamson, Zapata

Locality

Bentsen-Rio Grande Valley State Park, Ellis Prison Unit, La Gringa Resaca, Lake Thomas, Lake Travis, Proctor Lake

Time of activity

Male (February – December); female (March – December)

Habitat

(crops: cotton, guar, peanuts, sugarcane); (grass: grass); (landscape features: rocky area); (plants: miscellaneous vegetation, vegetation, Baccharis); (soil/woodland: juniper, post oak savanna with pasture)

Method

D-Vac suction [m]; pitfall trap [m]; suction trap [m]; sweeping [mf]

Type

Massachusetts, Blue Hills

Etymology

Latin, swift

Collection

DMNS, MSU, TAMU

Genus Emblyna Chamberlin, 1948

Emblyna annulipes (Blackwall, 1846)

Emblyna annulipesPlatnick 1993: 556 [T]

Dictyna annulipes Blackwall, 1888 [Chamberlin and Gertsch 1958: 123 [S], mf, desc. (pl. 37, figs 1–5)]

Dictyna muraria Emerton, 1888; Jones 1936: 69

Distribution

Comanche, Dallas, Wichita

Locality

Bill Haney Pecan Orchard

Time of activity

Female (July)

Habitat

(orchard: pecan)

Method

Fogging [f]

Type

Canada: Ontario, Toronto

Etymology

Latin, ring, annulus

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Emblyna callida (Gertsch & Ivie, 1936)

Emblyna callidaJackman 1997: 163; Platnick 1993: 556 [T]

Dictyna callida Gertsch & Ivie, 1936; Bonnet 1956: 1432; Chamberlin and Gertsch 1958: 110, mf, desc. (pl. 31, figs 10–13); Gertsch and Ivie 1936: 4, m, desc. (figs 6–8); Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 331; Roewer 1955: 1319; Vogel 1970b: 7

Distribution

Cameron, Hidalgo, Travis

Time of activity

Male (April – July, October); female (April, June)

Habitat

(soil/woodland: Juniperus ashei, Ulmus crassifolia)

Method

Beating [mf]; sweeping [m]

Type

Texas (male, Hidalgo Co., Edinburg, October 22, 1934, S. Mulaik, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Latin, cunning

Collection

TAMU

Emblyna completa (Chamberlin & Gertsch, 1929)

Emblyna completa [Chamberlin and Gertsch 1958: 138, mf, desc. (pl. 42, figs 9–11, pl. 43, figs 1–3)]

Distribution

Hutchinson

Locality

Johnson Ranch

Time of activity

Female (July)

Habitat

(soil/woodland: saltcedar)

Type

Utah, Moab

Etymology

Latin, encircle

Collection

NMSU

Emblyna consulta (Gertsch & Ivie, 1936)

Emblyna consultaJackman 1997: 163; Platnick 1993: 557 [T]

Dictyna consulta Gertsch and Ivie, 1936; Agnew et al. 1985: 3; Breene et al. 1993c: 14, 47, 53, mf (figs 11A-B); Chamberlin and Gertsch 1958: 146 [S], mf, desc. (pl. 45, figs 9–11); Dean and Sterling 1987: 6; Gertsch and Ivie 1936: 6, m, desc. (figs 12–13); Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 329; Roewer 1955: 1320; Vogel 1967: 51; Vogel 1970b: 7; Young and Edwards 1990: 16

Dictyna montgomeryi Gertsch and Mulaik, 1940; Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 328, f, desc. (fig. 31)

Distribution

Brewster, Comanche, Coryell, Erath, Floyd, Hale, Howard, Lubbock, Martin, Midland, Mitchell, Nolan, Parmer, Reeves, Terry, Tom Green

Time of activity

Male (January, May – October); female (April, June – September)

Habitat

(crops: corn, cotton, peanuts); (littoral: creek bank); (soil/woodland: post oak savanna with pasture)

Method

D-Vac suction [mf]; pitfall trap [m]; suction trap [mf]; sweeping [m]

Type

Minnesota, near Minneapolis, Lake Minnetonka

Etymology

Latin, considered

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Emblyna cruciata (Emerton, 1888)

Emblyna cruciataJackman 1997: 163; Platnick 1993: 557 [T]

Dictyna cruciata Emerton, 1888; Chamberlin and Gertsch 1958: 111, mf, desc. (pl. 33, figs 1–4); Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 328

Dictyna crucita Emerton, 1888; Vogel 1970b: 7

Distribution

San Augustine

Time of activity

Female (June)

Type

Connecticut, New Haven

Etymology

Latin, torment

Emblyna evicta (Gertsch & Mulaik, 1940)

Emblyna evictaCalixto et al. 2013: 181; Jackman 1997: 163; Platnick 1993: 557 [T]

Dictyna evicta Gertsch and Mulaik, 1940; Chamberlin and Gertsch 1958: 122, mf, desc. (pl. 36, figs 1–4); Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 332, m, desc. (fig. 18); Roewer 1955: 1320; Vogel 1967: 48; Vogel 1970b: 7

Distribution

East Texas; Hays, Robertson

Locality

Holmes Pecan Orchard

Time of activity

Male (March – April)

Habitat

(orchard: pecan)

Method

cardboard band [m]

Type

Texas (male, Hays Co., April 15, 1939, D. and S. Mulaik, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Latin, expel

Collection

TAMU

Emblyna hentzi (Kaston, 1945)

Emblyna hentziCalixto et al. 2013: 181; Jackman 1997: 163; Platnick 1993: 557 [T]

Dictyna hentzi Kaston, 1945; Chamberlin and Gertsch 1958: 115, mf, desc. (pl. 34, figs 11–15); Kaston 1972: 81; Kaston 1978: 82; Vogel 1970b: 7

Dictyna muraria Emerton, 1888; Jones 1936: 69 [Texas record]

Distribution

Dallas, Fort Bend, Nacogdoches, Robertson, Wichita

Locality

Holmes Pecan Orchard

Time of activity

Female (February, May – July)

Habitat

(orchard: pecan)

Method

pitfall trap [f]

Type

Connecticut, Cheshire

Etymology

Person (arachnologist)

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Emblyna iviei (Gertsch & Mulaik, 1936)

Emblyna ivieiJackman 1997: 163; Platnick 1993: 557 [T]

Dictyna iviei Gertsch and Mulaik, 1936; Agnew et al. 1985: 3; Bonnet 1956: 1440; Chamberlin and Gertsch 1958: 133 [S], mf, desc. (pl. 40, figs 9–12); Gertsch and Mulaik 1936a: 7, m, desc. (figs 6–7); Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 327; Roewer 1955: 1322; Vogel 1967: 55; Vogel 1970b: 7; Young and Edwards 1990: 16

Dictyna texana Jones, 1948; Jones 1948: 42, mf, desc. (figs 7, 30–32)

Distribution

South Texas; Erath, Hidalgo, Jim Wells, Starr, Travis

Locality

Mount Barker

Time of activity

Male (April – September); female (January, May, December)

Habitat

(crops: peanuts); (soil/woodland: sandy area)

Method

pitfall trap [m]

Type

Texas (male, Hidalgo Co., Edinburg, May 2, 1935, S. Mulaik, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Person (collector of other spiders, Wilton Ivie)

Collection

TAMU

Emblyna littoricolens (Chamberlin & Ivie, 1935)

Emblyna littoricolensPlatnick 1993: 557 [T]

Dictyna littoricolens Chamberlin and Gertsch, 1958 [Chamberlin and Gertsch 1958: 147, mf, desc. (pl. 46, figs 1–6)]

Distribution

Wichita

Type

Utah, Utah Lake

Etymology

Latin, seashore

Collection

MSU

Emblyna melva (Chamberlin & Gertsch, 1958)

Emblyna melvaBrignoli 1983: 514 [T]

Dictyna melva Chamberlin and Gertsch, 1958; Agnew et al. 1985: 6; Jackman 1997: 163 [Chamberlin and Gertsch 1958: 108, mf, desc. (pl. 32, figs 6–9)]

Distribution

Erath, Travis

Time of activity

Male (March – June); female (May)

Habitat

(soil/woodland: juniper, Juniperus ashei, Quercus buckleyi, Ulmus crassifolia)

Method

Beating [m]; suction trap [m]; sweeping [m]

Type

Arizona, Cienega

Etymology

Latin, color rusty red-brown

Collection

TAMU

Emblyna orbiculata (Jones, 1947)

Emblyna orbiculataJackman 1997: 163; Platnick 1993: 558 [T]

Dictyna orbiculata Jones, 1947; Chamberlin and Gertsch 1958: 131, m, desc. (pl. 39, figs 10–13); Jones 1947: 5, m, desc. (figs 10–13); Roewer 1955: 1323; Vogel 1967: 51; Vogel 1970b: 8

Distribution

Dallas

Time of activity

Male (January)

Habitat

(soil/woodland: forest herbs)

Type

Texas (male, Dallas Co., Elm Fork of Trinity River, January 20, 1940, S. Jones, holotype, MCZ)

[female unknown]

Etymology

Latin, palp with orbiculate coil

Emblyna reticulata (Gertsch & Ivie, 1936)

Emblyna reticulataJackman 1997: 163; Knutson et al. 2010: 515; Platnick 1993: 558 [T]

Dictyna reticulata Gertsch and Ivie, 1936; Breene et al. 1993c: 14, 47, 54, mf (figs 13A-B); Chamberlin and Gertsch 1958: 148 [S], mf, desc. (pl. 46, fig. 12, pl. 47, figs 1–7); Dean and Sterling 1987: 6; Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 329; Kaston 1972: 81, desc.; Kaston 1978: 82, desc.; Vogel 1970b: 8

Dictyna declarata Gertsch and Mulaik, 1936; Bonnet 1956: 1434; Gertsch and Mulaik 1936a: 9, f, desc. (fig. 11); Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 331

Distribution

West and south Texas; Cameron, Howard, Reeves, Travis, Zapata

Time of activity

Male (“January-March”, April, June – September); female (“January-March”, April – August)

Habitat

(crops: cotton); (soil/woodland: saltcedar, Juniperus ashei, Quercus virginiana)

Method

Beating [mf]; D-Vac suction [mf]; sweeping [mf]

Type

Utah, Richfield

Etymology

Latin, dorsum of abdomen with fine dark reticulations

Collection

NMSU, TAMU

Emblyna roscida (Hentz, 1850)

Emblyna roscidaJackman 1997: 163; Platnick 1993: 558 [T]

Dictyna roscida (Hentz, 1850); Breene et al. 1993c: 15, 47, 54, mf (figs 14A-B); Chamberlin and Gertsch 1958: 100 [S], mf, desc. (pl. 29, figs 8–12); Vogel 1970b: 8

Dictyna rubra Emerton, 1888; Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 328

Dictyna florens Ivie and Barrows, 1935; Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 328 [Texas records – see Chamberlin and Gertsch 1958: 103]

Distribution

Clay, Harris, Hunt, Scurry, Titus, Travis, Walker, Wichita

Locality

Ellis Prison Unit, Lake Thomas, Zilker Park

Time of activity

Male (June, October); female (May – June, August, October)

Habitat

(crops: cotton); (plants: miscellaneous vegetation, Baccharis)

Method

sweeping [f]

Type

Alabama

Etymology

Latin, rose colored

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Emblyna stulta (Gertsch & Mulaik, 1936)

Emblyna stultaJackman 1997: 163; Platnick 1993: 558 [T]

Dictyna stulta (Gertsch and Mulaik, 1936); Bonnet 1956: 1450; Chamberlin and Gertsch 1958: 106, mf, desc. (pl. 31, figs 1–5); Gertsch and Mulaik 1936a: 7, m, desc. (fig. 9); Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 328; Roewer 1955: 1325; Vogel 1970b: 8

Distribution

Jeff Davis

Time of activity

Male (July)

Type

Texas (male, Jeff Davis Co., Fort Davis, July 1934, S. Mulaik, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Latin, foolish

Emblyna sublata (Hentz, 1850)

Emblyna sublataBradley 2013: 119; Jackman 1997: 98, desc., 163; Platnick 1993: 558 [T]

Dictyna sublata (Hentz, 1850); Agnew et al. 1985: 3; Bonnet 1956: 1450; Chamberlin and Gertsch 1958: 127 [S], mf, desc. (pl. 38, figs 1–8, pl. 39, figs 1–5); Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 328; Kaston 1972: 80, desc. (fig. 183); Kaston 1978: 81, desc. (fig. 201); Vogel 1970b: 8; Young and Edwards 1990: 17

Dictyna volupis Keyserling, 1881; Jones 1936: 69

Distribution

North-central, central and east Texas; Brazos, Clay, Comanche, Dallas, Denton, Erath, Fort Bend, Hunt, Jasper, Kerr, Montgomery, Robertson, Sutton, Tarrant, Wichita

Locality

Jones State Forest, Lake Tawakoni State Park, Lick Creek Park, Riley Estate

Time of activity

Male (March – June, August, October); female (March – August)

Habitat

(crops: peanuts); (grass: grass); (plants: miscellaneous vegetation, vegetation); (soil/woodland: bottomland forest)

Method

Flight intercept trap [m]; pitfall trap [mf]; sweeping [mf]

Type

Alabama

Etymology

Latin, raised aloft

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Genus Lathys Simon, 1884

Lathys delicatula (Gertsch & Mulaik, 1936)

Lathys delicatulaChamberlin and Gertsch 1958: 31 [T], mf, desc. (pl. 7, figs 5–9); Gertsch 1946a: 3, f (fig. 14); Jackman 1997: 163; Roewer 1955: 1329; Vogel 1970b: 8

Scotolathys delicatulus Gertsch and Mulaik, 1936; Gertsch and Mulaik 1936a: 4, f, desc. (fig. 4) [see note below]; Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 326

Scotolathys delicatula Gertsch and Mulaik, 1936; Bonnet 1958: 3963

Distribution

Widespread; Brazos, Brewster, Burleson, Cameron, Collin, Coryell, Gonzalez, Hidalgo, Houston, Hunt, Jeff Davis, Sabine, San Augustine, Smith, Tyler, Wichita, Zapata

Locality

Big Bend National Park, Big Slough Wild Area, Big Thicket National Preserve, Chisos Basin, Chisos Mountains, Laguna Madre, Texas A&M University Rangeland Area, Tyler State Park

Time of activity

Male (January – March, May, August – October, October 30-November 6, December); female (January – December)

Habitat

(grass: grass); (nest/prey: nest of Neotoma micropus [mf]); (soil/woodland: beech-magnolia litter, leaf litter, mixed hardwood litter, post oak savanna with pasture)

Method

Berlese funnel [mf]; pitfall trap [mf]

Type

Texas (female, Cameron Co., 15 miles SW Harlingen, November 18, 1934, S. Mulaik, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Latin, dainty

Collection

DMNS, TAMU

Note

32 miles E Laredo should be 32 miles SE Laredo in Zapata Co. based on other records from this date.

Lathys maculina Gertsch, 1946

Lathys maculinaBradley 2013: 119; Chamberlin and Gertsch 1958: 32 [T], mf, desc. (pl. 6, figs 9–12); Gertsch 1946a: 4, f (fig. 15); Jackman 1997: 163; Kaston 1972: 78 (fig. 177); Kaston 1978: 79 (fig. 195); Vogel 1970b: 8

Dictyolathys maculata Banks, 1900; Bryant 1943: 85, f, desc. (figs A, B)

Scotolathys maculatus Banks, 1900; Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 326 [T]

Distribution

Harris

Time of activity

Female (June)

Type

Alabama, Mobile

Etymology

Latin, derivation of Dictyolathys maculata Banks, 1900, preoccupied

Genus Mallos O. P.-Cambridge, 1902

Mallos blandus Chamberlin & Gertsch, 1958

Mallos blandusBond and Opell 1997: 421, mf, desc. (figs 58–63)

Distribution

Culberson

Locality

Guadalupe Mountains National Park

Time of activity

Female (August)

Type

New Mexico, Whites City

Etymology

Latin, friendly, mild

Mallos niveus O. P.-Cambridge, 1902

Mallos niveus [Bond and Opell 1997: 428, mf, desc. (figs 9, 15, 75–80)]

Distribution

Wichita

Type

Mexico, Morelos, Cuernavaca

Etymology

Latin, snowy

Collection

MSU

Mallos pallidus (Banks, 1904)

Mallos pallidusChamberlin and Gertsch 1958: 42, mf, desc. (pl. 9, figs 3–8); Jackman 1997: 163; Kaston 1978: 83; Vogel 1970b: 8

Distribution

Presidio, Travis

Locality

Big Bend Ranch State Park, Mount Barker

Time of activity

Male (October); female (March)

Habitat

(plants: grape vine)

Method

Beating [f]

Type

California, Mount Shasta

Etymology

Latin, pale (pallid)

Collection

NMSU

Genus Mexitlia Lehtinen, 1967

Mexitlia trivittata (Banks, 1901)

Mexitlia trivittata [Bond and Opell 1997: 439, mf, desc. (figs 3, 11, 13, 100–103)]

Distribution

Brewster, Wichita

Type

New Mexico, Albuquerque

Etymology

Latin, three bands

Collection

MSU

Genus Phantyna Chamberlin, 1948

Phantyna bicornis (Emerton, 1915)

Phantyna bicornisCalixto et al. 2013: 182; Jackman 1997: 163; Lehtinen 1967: 257 [T]

Dictyna bicornis Emerton, 1915; Agnew et al. 1985: 3; Chamberlin and Gertsch 1958: 59 [S], mf, desc. (pl. 15, figs 1–7); Vogel 1967: 45; Vogel 1970b: 7; Young and Edwards 1990: 16

Dictyna annamae Gertsch and Mulaik, 1940; Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 330, m, desc. (figs 24–25)

Distribution

Comanche, Dallam, Erath, Kendall, Randall, Walker, Wilbarger, Zavala

Locality

Bill Haney Pecan Orchard, Ellis Prison Unit, Palo Duro Canyon, Proctor Lake

Time of activity

Male (May – September); female (January, April, June – September)

Habitat

(crops: peanuts); (orchard: pecan); (soil/woodland: sandy area)

Method

Fogging [f]; irrigation tubing [f]; pitfall trap [mf]; suction trap [mf]

Type

Massachusetts, Ipswich

Etymology

Latin, male chelicera has basal horns distinctly developed

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Phantyna mulegensis (Chamberlin, 1924)

Phantyna mulegensisJackman 1997: 163; Lehtinen 1967: 257 [T]

Dictyna mulegensis Chamberlin, 1924; Breene et al. 1993c: 14, 47, 53, mf (figs 12A-B); Chamberlin and Gertsch 1958: 56, mf, desc. (pl. 14, figs 9–13, pl. 15, figs 8–9); Dean and Sterling 1987: 6; Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 327; Roewer 1955: 1317; Vogel 1970b: 7

Distribution

West and south Texas; Hidalgo, Kleberg, Nueces, Starr, Val Verde

Time of activity

Male (February, May – June, October – November); female (January – August, October – November)

Habitat

(crops: cotton)

Method

D-Vac suction [f]

Type

Mexico, Baja California, Mulegé

Etymology

locality (town)

Collection

MCZ, TAMU

Phantyna provida (Gertsch & Mulaik, 1936)

Phantyna providaJackman 1997: 163; Lehtinen 1967: 257 [T]

Dictyna provida (Gertsch and Mulaik, 1936); Bonnet 1956: 1447; Chamberlin and Gertsch 1958: 55 [S], mf, desc. (pl. 13, figs 2–5); Gertsch and Mulaik 1936a: 8, f, desc. (fig. 10); Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 327; Roewer 1955: 1324; Vogel 1967: 49; Vogel 1970b: 8

Dictyna ingenuata Gertsch and Mulaik, 1940; Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 332, m, desc. (fig. 19); Roewer 1955: 1321

Distribution

Hidalgo, Llano

Time of activity

Male (May); female (May, September)

Type

Texas (female, Hidalgo Co., Edinburg, May 2, 1935, S. Mulaik, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Latin, provided with distinct features

Phantyna segregata (Gertsch & Mulaik, 1936)

Phantyna segregataBreene et al. 1994: 8; Calixto et al. 2013: 180, 182, 185, 187; Irungu 2007: 30; Jackman 1997: 98, desc., 163; Lehtinen 1967: 257 [T]; Pfannenstiel 2008a: 204

Dictyna segregata Gertsch and Mulaik, 1936; Agnew et al. 1985: 3; Bonnet 1956: 1450; Breene 1988: 34, 36; Breene et al. 1989: 162; Breene et al. 1993c: 15, 47, 54, mf (figs 15A-C); Chamberlin and Gertsch 1958: 57 [S], mf, desc. (pl. 14, figs 1–5); Dean and Eger 1986: 141; Dean and Sterling 1987: 6; Dean and Sterling 1990: 402, 405; Dean and Sterling 1992: 3–4; Dean et al. 1982: 254; Dean et al. 1988: 286; Gertsch and Mulaik 1936a: 4, m, desc. (figs 13–14); Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 327; Kagan 1942: 12; Kagan 1943: 258; Nyffeler and Sterling 1994: 1295, 1298; Nyffeler et al. 1988a: 55; Nyffeler et al. 1988b: 215; Nyffeler et al. 1992a: 1181; Nyffeler et al. 1992c: 2; Pamanes-Guerrero 1975: 41, 59, 63, 78, 81; Roewer 1955: 1317; Vogel 1967: 52; Vogel 1970b: 8; Young and Edwards 1990: 17

Dictyna patellaris Jones, 1947; Jones 1947: 1, m, desc. (figs 1–4)

Distribution

Eastern ½ Texas; Archer, Bexar, Brazos, Burleson, Cameron, Comanche, Coryell, Dallas, Denton, Erath, Harris, Hidalgo, Houston, Hunt, Kaufman, Kerr, La Salle, McLennan, Nueces, Robertson, San Patricio, Travis, Victoria, Walker, Washington, Wichita, Williamson

Locality

5-Eagle Ranch, Bill Haney Pecan Orchard, Ellis Prison Unit, Frontera Audubon, Holmes Pecan Orchard, Lake Tawakoni State Park, NK Ranch, Stiles Farm Foundation

Time of activity

Male (February – December); female (February – December)

Habitat

(crops: cabbage, cotton, peanuts, soybean, watermelon); (grass: grass, pasture); (littoral: edge of pond, near pond); (orchard: grapefruit, Mexican lime, orange, pecan, sour orange, tangerine); (plants: bluebonnets, herbs, Hibiscus sp., Monarda citriodora); (soil/woodland: post oak savanna with pasture)

Method

cardboard band [mf]; D-Vac suction [m]; fogging [mf]; pitfall trap [mf] (edge of pond [f], near pond [f]); ramp trap [mf]; suction trap [mf]; sweeping [mf]; tile trap [mf]

Eggs/spiderlings

Hidalgo [17 eggs in eggsac] [TAMU]

Type

Texas (male, Hidalgo Co., northwest of Edinburg, June 15, 1935, S. Mulaik, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Latin, separated

Collection

DMNS, MSU, TAMU

Genus Thallumetus Simon, 1893

Thallumetus pineus (Chamberlin & Ivie, 1944)

Thallumetus pineusBennett 2005a: 100; Chamberlin and Gertsch 1958: 36, mf, desc. (pl. 7, figs 11–14); Jackman 1997: 163; Roth 1982: 15–2; Roth 1985: B-11–2; Roth 1994: 90; Vogel 1970b: 8

Distribution

Panola

Time of activity

Male (May)

Habitat

(plants: roadside plants)

Method

sweeping [m]

Type

Georgia, 3 miles SE Savannah

Etymology

Latin, habitat (tree)

Genus Tivyna Chamberlin, 1948

Tivyna petrunkevitchi (Gertsch & Mulaik, 1940)

Tivyna petrunkevitchiJackman 1997: 163; Lehtinen 1967: 271 [T]

Dictyna petrunkevitchi Gertsch and Mulaik, 1940; Chamberlin and Gertsch 1958: 52, f, desc. (pl. 11, figs 7–8) [see note below]; Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 330, f, desc. (figs 22–23) [see note below]; Roewer 1955: 1323; Vogel 1967: 52; Vogel 1970b: 8

Distribution

Zapata

Time of activity

Female (November)

Type

Texas (female, Zapata Co., 32 miles E Laredo, November 11, 1934, S. Mulaik, holotype, AMNH)

[male unknown]

Etymology

Person (arachnologist, Alexander Petrunkevitch)

Note

32 miles E Laredo should be 32 miles SE Laredo in Zapata Co. based on other records from this date.

Genus Tricholathys Chamberlin & Ivie, 1935

Tricholathys knulli Gertsch & Mulaik, 1936

Tricholathys knulliBonnet 1959: 4686; Chamberlin and Gertsch 1958: 20, f, desc. (pl. 3, fig. 6); Gertsch and Mulaik 1936a: 1, f, desc. (fig. 1); Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 326; Jackman 1997: 163; Roewer 1955: 1335; Vogel 1970b: 8

Distribution

Cameron

Time of activity

Female (June)

Type

Texas (female, Cameron Co., Brownsville, June 1, 1934, J. N. Knull, holotype, AMNH)

[male unknown]

Etymology

Person (collector)

Family Diguetidae F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1899

Genus Diguetia Simon, 1895

Diguetia albolineata (O. P.-Cambridge, 1895)

Diguetia albolineataGertsch 1958a: 16, mf, desc. (figs 6, 14–15); Jackman 1997: 40, 163; Kaston 1978: 90, desc.; Vogel 1970b: 8

Diguetia caudata Gertsch, 1935; Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 317 [Texas record]; Vogel 1970b: 21

Distribution

Brewster, Val Verde

Locality

Big Bend National Park, Chisos Basin, Chisos Mountains, Seminole Canyon State Park

Time of activity

Male (July, September); female (July, September)

Type

Mexico, Guerrero, Vente de Zopilote

Etymology

Latin, white lines

Collection

TAMU

Diguetia canities (McCook, 1889)

Diguetia canitiesAgnew et al. 1985: 6; Chamberlin 1924b: 591; Gertsch 1958a: 6, mf, desc. (figs 16–19); Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 317 [part, see note below]; Jackman 1997: 40, desc., 163; Kaston 1953: 41, desc. (fig. 83); Kaston 1972: 89, desc. (fig. 201); Kaston 1978: 90, desc. (fig. 219); Milstead 1958: 445; Petrunkevitch 1911: 117; Roewer 1942: 323; Vogel 1970b: 9, 20

Distribution

Brewster, El Paso, Erath, Presidio, Randall, Terrell

Locality

Big Bend National Park, Big Bend Ranch State Park, Black Gap Wildlife Management Area, Blackstone Ranch, Chisos Basin, Palo Duro Canyon

Time of activity

Male (August, October); female (March – April, August – October)

Habitat

(landscape features: under rock); (nest/prey: stomach of Cnemidophorus perplexus, stomach of Cnemidophorus sacki); (web: web in cactus)

Type

California, near San Bernardino

Etymology

Latin, grayish hairs

Collection

NMSU, TAMU

Note

SE Laredo is 32 miles SE of Laredo in Zapata Co. based on collecting records from this date.

Diguetia canities mulaiki Gertsch, 1958

Diguetia canities mulaikiBanks 1898b: 209; Gertsch 1935a: 6; Gertsch 1958a: 12, mf, desc. (figs 1–4, 11–13); Jackman 1997: 40, 163; Vogel 1967: 61; Vogel 1970b: 9

Diguetia canitiesMcCook 1889; Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 317 [part]

Distribution

Cameron, Dimmitt, Hidalgo, Hudspeth, Jim Wells, Zapata

Locality

Laguna Madre

Time of activity

Female (May, August – September, November – December)

Habitat

(nest/prey: mud dauber nest [mf], nest of Neotoma sp.)

Type

Texas (male, Hidalgo Co., Edinburg, 1933, S. Mulaik, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Person (collector)

Collection

MCZ

Diguetia imperiosa Gertsch & Mulaik, 1940

Diguetia imperiosaGertsch 1958a: 18, mf, desc. (figs 7–10); Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 317, mf, desc.; Jackman 1997: 163; Vogel 1967: 62; Vogel 1970b: 9, 21

Diguetia canities McCook, 1889; Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 317 [part]

Distribution

Brewster, Hidalgo, Presidio, Terrell, Val Verde

Locality

Big Bend National Park, Big Bend Ranch State Park

Time of activity

Male (August); female (May – December)

Habitat

(web: in web)

Type

Texas (male, Val Verde Co., Langtry, Santa Elena Canyon, August 18, 1935, S. Mulaik, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Latin, authority

Collection

TAMU

Family Dysderidae C. L. Koch, 1837

Genus Dysdera Latreille, 1804

Dysdera crocata C. L. Koch, 1838

Dysdera crocataGertsch and Mulaik 1940: 323; Jones 1936: 70; Vogel 1970b: 9 [Kaston 1948: 62, m, desc. (figs 7–10); Roberts 1985: 60, mf (figs 19b, d, f, h)]

Dysdera crocota C. L. Koch, 1838; Jackman 1997: 42, desc., 163

Distribution

Dallas, El Paso, Tarrant

Time of activity

Male (August, November); female (June, August)

Habitat

(structures: outside house)

Type

Greece

Etymology

Latin, saffron-yellow

Collection

NMSU, TAMU

Family Eutichuridae Lehtinen, 1967

Note. raised to family (Ramírez 2014: 340)

Genus Cheiracanthium C. L. Koch, 1839

Note. transferred from Clubionidae to Miturgidae: Eutichurinae (Ramirez et al. 1997: 44) and here Ramírez 2014: 341. Spelling of genus changed from Chiracanthium (Platnick 1989: 438).

Cheiracanthium inclusum (Hentz, 1847)

Cheiracanthium inclusumArmstrong and Richman 2007: 395; Breene 1988: 23–26, 35, 41; Breene et al. 1988: 180–181; Breene et al. 1989: 162; Breene et al. 1993a: 169; Breene et al. 1993b: 647; Breene et al. 1993c: 13, 47, 85, mf (figs 98A-C); Calixto et al. 2013: 183; Dean and Sterling 1990: 403, 405; Dean and Sterling 1992: 3–4; Dean et al. 1988: 287; Jackman 1997: 109, desc., 161 (photo 33a); Knutson et al. 2010: 515; Pfannenstiel 2008a: 204; Pfannenstiel 2008b: 419; Platnick 1989: 438 [spelling]; Taylor and Pfannenstiel 2008: 997; Taylor and Pfannenstiel 2009: 1380; Trevino 2014: 13

Chiracanthium inclusum (Hentz, 1847); Agnew et al. 1982: 631; Agnew et al. 1985: 4, 10; Bonnet 1956: 1057; Brown 1974: 233; Dean and Eger 1986: 142; Dean and Sterling 1985: 119; Dean and Sterling 1987: 6; Dean et al. 1982: 255; Dean et al. 1987: 268; Edwards 1958: 368, mf, desc. (figs 10–13, 17, 202) [see note below]; Jones 1936: 69; Kagan 1942: 59; Kagan 1943: 258; Liao et al. 1984: 410; McDaniel et al. 1981: 104; Nuessly and Sterling 1984: 97; Nyffeler et al. 1987a: 356; Pamanes-Guerrero 1975: 16, 34, 37, 41, 59, 63, 78, 81; Rogers and Horner 1977: 523; Sterling et al. 1979: 979; Vogel 1970b: 5; Young and Edwards 1990: 16

Distribution

Atascosa, Bastrop, Baylor, Bee, Bexar, Brazoria, Brazos, Burleson, Cameron, Cherokee, Clay, Colorado, Comanche, Coryell, Dallas, Delta, Erath, Fayette, Galveston, Gillespie, Gonzalez, Harris, Henderson, Hidalgo, Houston, Howard, Hunt, Kaufman, Kent, Kerr, Kinney, Knox, Llano, Martin, McLennan, Menard, Midland, Nacogdoches, Newton, Nolan, Polk, Presidio, Robertson, Scurry, Starr, Sutton, Travis, Val Verde, Victoria, Walker, Webb, Wharton, Wichita, Willacy, Young, Zapata

Locality

Adriance Pecan Orchard, Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge, Bill Haney Pecan Orchard, Buescher State Park, Ellis Prison Unit, Holmes Pecan Orchard, Lake Thomas, Lick Creek Park, Lower Rio Grande Valley National Wildlife Refuge, Palmetto State Park, Ramsey Prison Farm, Russell Farm, Zilker Park

Time of activity

Male (January – October, December); female (January – December)

Habitat

(crops: cotton, guar, peanuts, sugarcane); (grass: grass, grassland, pasture); (nest/prey: mud dauber nest [f]); (orchard: citrus, pecan); (plants: bluebonnets, croton, Indian paintbrush, roadside vegetation, vegetation, yucca, Baccharis); (soil/woodland: juniper, post oak savanna with pasture, riparian mesquite forest, saltcedar, trees, trees/shrubs, Juniperus ashei, Quercus virginiana); (structures: around house)

Method

Beating [mf]; boll weevil pheromone trap [mf]; cardboard band [mf]; D-Vac suction [mf]; fogging [mf]; malaise trap [m]; pitfall trap [m]; suction trap [mf]; sweeping [mf]; uv light [m]

Eggs/spiderlings

Walker [eggsac laid in lab April 18, 1978, hatched May 2, 32 spiderlings] [TAMU]

Type

Carolina (of 1847)

Etymology

Latin, to include

Collection

DMNS, MSU, NMSU, TAMU

Note

32 miles SW Laredo should be 32 miles SE Laredo in Zapata Co. based on other records from this date.

Genus Strotarchus Simon, 1888

Note. transferred from Clubionidae to Miturgidae (Lehtinen 1967: 321) and here Ramírez (2014: 341). Bonaldo et al. (2012) revised Strotarchus but did not study any specimens of piscatorius from Texas and only the type of planeticus where the male remains unknown.

Strotarchus piscatorius (Hentz, 1847)

Strotarchus piscatoriusBrown 1974: 233; Jackman 1997: 166; Yantis 2005: 66, 198, 202 [Edwards 1958: 373, mf, desc. (figs 1–3, 15, 205)]

Distribution

Brazos, Brewster, Houston, Leon, Nacogdoches, Sabine, San Patricio, Trinity, Walker

Locality

Welder Wildlife Refuge

Time of activity

Male (April – May, July); female (May – June, August)

Habitat

(soil/woodland: beech-magnolia forest, hackberry woodland, mix-pine forest, on ground, pine woods [%: 66, 82, 84, 86, 95], post oak woods [%: 44, 56, 71, 77, 91, 94])

Method

5 gallon bucket trap [mf]; flight intercept trap [m]; malaise trap [mf]; pitfall trap [f]

Type

Alabama

Etymology

Latin, fisherman

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Strotarchus planeticus Edwards, 1958

Strotarchus planeticusEdwards 1958: 374, f, desc. (figs 159, 179, 206); Jackman 1997: 166; Ubick and Richman 2005c: 174; Vogel 1967: 43; Vogel 1970b: 6

Distribution

Cameron, San Patricio

Locality

Laguna Madre, Welder Wildlife Refuge

Time of activity

Female (June)

Habitat

(nest/prey: nest of Neotoma micropus [f]); (soil/woodland: hackberry woodland)

Method

pitfall trap [f]

Type

Texas (female, Cameron Co., Laguna Madre, 25 miles SE Harlingen, June 13, 1945, D. E. Hardy, V. L. Wooley, holotype, AMNH)

[male unknown]

Etymology

Greek, wanderer

Collection

TAMU

Family Filistatidae Ausserer, 1867

Genus Filistatinella Gertsch & Ivie, 1936

Filistatinella crassipalpis (Gertsch, 1935)

Filistatinella crassipalpisBonnet 1957: 1908; Platnick 2000 [spelling]; Reddell 1963: 35; Reddell 1965: 171; Ubick 2005b: 105; Vogel 1970b: 9

Filistata crassipalpus Gertsch, 1935; Gertsch 1935a: 5, mf, desc. (figs 4–6) [see note below]

Filistatinella crassipalpus (Gertsch, 1935); Brown 1974: 233; Comstock 1940: 301, desc.; Gertsch 1979: 132; Gertsch and Ivie 1936: 1 [T]; Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 315; Jackman 1997: 163; Lehtinen 1967: 235; Roewer 1955: 1282

Distribution

Archer, Baylor, Caldwell, Fannin, Grayson, Kerr, Nacogdoches, Sutton, Val Verde, Wichita, Zapata

Caves

Val Verde (Marshall Bat Cave)

Time of activity

Male (November); female (May, July, November)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave); (structures: in barn)

Type

Texas (male, Webb Co., 32 miles E Laredo, November 11, 1934, S. Mulaik, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Latin, palps

Collection

MSU, TMM

Note

32 miles E Laredo should be 32 miles SE Laredo in Zapata Co. based on other records from this date.

Genus Filistatoides F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1899

Filistatoides insignis (O. P.-Cambridge, 1896)

Filistatoides insignisComstock 1940: 301, desc.; Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 316 [see note below]; Jackman 1997: 163; Ubick 2005b: 105; Vogel 1970b: 9 [Ramírez and Grismado, 1997: 346, m (figs 104–106)]

Distribution

Brewster, Hidalgo, Starr, Zapata

Time of activity

Female (February, June, November)

Type

Guatemala

Etymology

Latin, remarkable

Note

32 miles E Laredo should be 32 miles SE Laredo in Zapata Co. based on other records from this date.

Genus Kukulcania Lehtinen, 1967

Kukulcania arizonica (Chamberlin & Ivie, 1935)

Kukulcania arizonicaJackman 1997: 163; Lehtinen 1967: 242 [T]

Filistata arizonica Chamberlin and Ivie, 1935; Gertsch 1939b: 23; Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 315; Milstead 1958: 445; Reddell 1965: 171; Vogel 1970b: 9 [Chamberlin and Ivie 1935b: 4, mf, desc. of m (pl. 4, figs 24–25)]

Distribution

Brewster, Cameron, Hidalgo, Presidio, Real, Terrell

Locality

Chisos Basin, Chisos Mountains, La Mota Mountains, Laguna Atascosa National Wildlife Refuge, Santa Ana National Wildlife Refuge

Caves

Real (Orell Crevice Cave)

Time of activity

Male (April 26-May 14, July, October – November, November 14-February 8); female (July – August, December)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave, under rock); (littoral: dense coastal brush); (nest/prey: stomach of Cnemidophorus perplexus, stomach of Cnemidophorus tessellatus)

Method

Flight intercept trap on ground [m]; pitfall trap [m]

Type

Arizona, near Roosevelt Dam

Etymology

locality (state)

Collection

TAMU, TMM

Kukulcania hibernalis (Hentz, 1842)

Kukulcania hibernalisBradley 2013: 124; Breene et al. 1993c: 15, 47, 52, m (figs 7A-B); Broussard and Horner 2006: 253; Jackman 1997: 31, desc., 163 (photo 6a); Lehtinen 1967: 242 [T]; Rice 1986: 124; Richman et al. 2011a: 46; Taber and Fleenor 2005: 278 (figs 12–6, 12–7); Vetter 2015: 27; Young and Edwards 1990: 17 [Ramirez and Grismado 1997: 348, mf (figs 107–111)]

Filistata hibernalis Hentz, 1842; Agnew et al. 1985: 6; Brown 1974: 233; Comstock 1912: 291, desc.; Comstock 1940: 294, desc.; Dean et al. 1982: 254; Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 315; Kaston 1972: 73 (fig. 166); Kaston 1978: 74 (fig. 183); Vogel 1970b: 9

Distribution

Archer, Atascosa, Bastrop, Bexar, Brazos, Brown, Calhoun, Cameron, Clay, Culberson, Edwards, Erath, Gonzales, Harris, Henderson, Hidalgo, Jack, Jeff Davis, Llano, Midland, Montgomery, Morris, Nacogdoches, Nueces, Presidio, Robertson, San Patricio, Shelby, Starr, Titus, Tom Green, Travis, Walker, Wichita, Williamson, Zapata

Locality

Bentsen-Rio Grande Valley State Park, Chihuahuan desert, Dalquest Research Site, Ellis Prison Unit, Lake Corpus Christi State Park, Palmetto State Park, Sabal Palm Audubon Sanctuary, Santa Ana National Wildlife Refuge, Welder Wildlife Refuge

Time of activity

Male (January – July, September – December); female (January – December)

Habitat

(crops: cotton); (landscape features: overpass, under [bridge, rock]); (littoral: wetlands); (nest/prey: pack rat nest); (objects: under rafter); (soil/woodland: anacua groves, palm forest); (structures: back of TV, bit person in bed, cellar, elementary school, garage, house, in [barn, bedroom, building, house, lab, lab on ceiling, lakehouse], indoors, store room, under house, warehouse)

Method

Boll weevil pheromone trap [imm.]; flight intercept trap on ground [m]; pitfall trap [mf]

Eggs/spiderlings

Titus [146 spiderlings] [TAMU]

Type

South Carolina and Alabama

Etymology

Latin, winter

Collection

DMNS, MSU, TAMU

Family Gnaphosidae Pocock, 1898

nomen dubium

Micaria aurata (Hentz, 1847); Kaston 1953: 81; Kaston 1972: 218; Kaston 1978: 211; Marx 1890: 506; Petrunkevitch 1911: 493

Genus Callilepis Westring, 1874

Callilepis chisos Platnick, 1975

Callilepis chisosAgnew et al. 1985: 7; Bowen et al. 2004: 187; Broussard and Horner 2006: 253; Jackman 1997: 163; Platnick 1975a: 15, mf, desc. (figs 29–35); Richman et al. 2011a: 48; Zolnerowich and Horner 1985: 80

Distribution

Brewster, Comanche, Erath, Hidalgo, Presidio, Smith, Wichita

Locality

Bentsen-Rio Grande Valley State Park, Big Bend National Park, Chihuahuan desert, Chisos Basin, Chisos Mountains, Dalquest Research Site, Nabor’s Lake, Tyler State Park

Time of activity

Male (May); female (April – June, August – September)

Habitat

(littoral: bark debris along small lake); (soil/woodland: sandy area, under bark, woods); (structures: indoors)

Method

pitfall trap [mf]

Type

Texas (male, Brewster Co., Big Bend National Park, Chisos Mountains, the Basin, May 28, 1952, M. Cazier, W. Gertsch, R. Schrammel, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

locality (The specific name is a noun in apposition taken from the type locality, Platnick 1975a).

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Callilepis gertschi Platnick, 1975

Callilepis gertschiBroussard and Horner 2006: 253; Jackman 1997: 163; Platnick 1975a: 27, mf, desc. (figs 60–66); Richman et al. 2011a: 48

Distribution

Brewster, Cameron, Comal, Coryell, Hidalgo, Presidio, Starr, Terrell, Travis, Val Verde, Zapata

Locality

Bentsen-Rio Grande Valley State Park, Chihuahuan desert, Chisos Mountains, Dalquest Research Site, Falcon State Park, Green Island Bird Refuge, Stockton Plateau

Time of activity

Male (January, May – June, August); female (March – July, September)

Habitat

(soil/woodland: post oak savanna with pasture)

Method

pitfall trap [mf]; sweeping [f]

Type

Arizona, Santa Catalina Mountains, Sabine Canyon

Etymology

Person (The specific name is a patronym in honor of Dr. Willis J. Gertsch, who collected the type specimens and many other Callilepis, Platnick 1975a).

Collection

DMNS, MSU, TAMU

Callilepis imbecilla (Keyserling, 1887)

Callilepis imbecillaAgnew et al. 1985: 7; Bowen et al. 2004: 187; Jackman 1997: 163; Kaston 1978: 202; Platnick 1975a: 13 [S], mf, desc. (figs 22–28); Platnick and Dondale 1992: 195, desc. (figs 294–296); Trevino 2014: 11; Yantis 2005: 196, 199

Callilepis munda Chamberlin, 1936; Chamberlin 1936a: 16, mf, desc. (figs 22–24); Milstead 1958: 445; Vogel 1970b: 9

Distribution

Central and south Texas; Aransas, Bell, Brewster, Brooks, Brown, Cameron, Erath, Fayette, Hidalgo, Houston, Kenedy, Kleberg, Leon, Nueces, Presidio, San Patricio, Sutton, Travis, Webb, Wichita, Williamson

Locality

Black Gap Wildlife Management Area, Goose Island State Park, Kenedy Ranch, Santa Ana National Wildlife Refuge

Time of activity

Male (March – July, August – September); female (April – May, July – September)

Habitat

(littoral: near pond under oak, sand dune under live oak); (nest/prey: stomach of Cnemidophorus perplexus, stomach of Cnemidophorus tigris); (soil/woodland: leaf litter, pine woods [%: 67], post oak woods [%: 43])

Method

5 gallon bucket trap [mf]; pitfall trap [mf] (near pond [m], under oak [m]); yellow pan trap [m]

Type

Kentucky, Bee Spring

Etymology

Latin, feeble

Collection

DMNS, MSU, TAMU

Callilepis mumai Platnick, 1975

Callilepis mumai [Platnick 1975a: 21, mf, desc. (figs 46–52)]

Distribution

Ward

Time of activity

Male (July)

Habitat

(soil/woodland: on ground)

Type

New Mexico, White Sands National Monument

Etymology

Person (The specific name is a patronym in honor of Dr. Martin H. Muma, who collected the type specimens as well as many other Callilepis from the southwestern United States, Platnick 1975a).

Collection

TAMU

Genus Camillina Berland, 1919

Note.Trevino (2014: 11) recorded Camillina elegans (Bryant, 1940) from Webb Co. Because of the distance between collecting sites (Florida), it is not included in this list. See Platnick and Shadab (1982b: 4).

Camillina pulchra (Keyserling, 1891)

Camillina pulchraCalixto et al. 2013: 180, 182, 186–189; Platnick 2001 [spelling]; Ubick 2005c: 108

Camillina pulcher (Keyserling, 1891); Trevino 2014: 11 [Platnick and Shadab 1982b: 22, mf, desc. (figs 61–64)]

Distribution

Brazos, Burleson, Colorado, Comanche, Coryell, Robertson, Webb, Williamson

Locality

5-Eagle Ranch, Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge, Bill Haney Pecan Orchard, Holmes Pecan Orchard, NK Ranch, Stiles Farm Foundation

Time of activity

Male (March – August, September 28-October 4, October – November); female (April – December)

Habitat

(crops: cotton); (orchard: pecan); (soil/woodland: post oak savanna with pasture, woods)

Method

cardboard band [mf]; pitfall trap [mf]; tile trap [m]

Type

Brazil, Rio Grande

Etymology

Latin, beautiful

Collection

TAMU

Note

This species was introduced into the United States from Brazil. It was recorded in Alabama on December 6, 1975. The earliest Texas county records include: Brazos (m, November 5–12, 2002), (mf, June 13–20, 2003); Burleson (mf, June 12–19, 2003); Colorado (f, May 22–29, 2007); Comanche (mf, June 14–21, 2000); Coryell (m, May 11–31, 2006), (f, July 5–12, 2006); Robertson (m, June 27-July 3, 2000), (f, August 15–23, 2000); Williamson (m, May 9, 2001), (f, June 13, 2001).

Genus Cesonia Simon, 1893

Cesonia bilineata (Hentz, 1847)

Cesonia bilineataAgnew et al. 1985: 7; Bowen et al. 2004: 188; Brown 1974: 233; Calixto et al. 2013: 182; Jackman 1997: 163; Platnick and Shadab 1980b: 342, mf, desc. (figs 1–7); Trevino 2014: 11; Yantis 2005: 199

Distribution

Widespread; Anderson, Angelina, Bastrop, Bexar, Brazos, Brown, Burleson, Cameron, Colorado, Comanche, Coryell, Dallas, Edwards, Erath, Fort Bend, Hays, Hidalgo, Kenedy, Kerr, Kleberg, Lee, Montague, Nacogdoches, Sabine, San Patricio, Starr, Travis, Trinity, Tyler, Webb, Wichita

Locality

Angelina National Forest, Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge, Bastrop State Park, Bill Haney Pecan Orchard, Brazos Bend State Park, Falcon State Park, Kenedy Ranch, Kirby State Forest, Lake Somerville State Park [Nails Creek Unit], Lick Creek Park, Lower Rio Grande Valley National Wildlife Refuge

Time of activity

Male (February 25-March 30, March – September); female (March – September)

Habitat

(grass: grass); (littoral: sedge meadow); (orchard: citrus, grapefruit, pecan, tangerine); (plants: miscellaneous vegetation); (soil/woodland: beech magnolia litter, buckeye-sycamore forest, forest litter, Juniperus managed plot, Juniperus unmanaged plot, loblolly pine managed, mesquite thicket, old field, pine woods [%: 84], post oak savanna with pasture, riparian mesquite forest, sandy area, upland deciduous forest); (structures: bathroom, indoors); (web: large spider web)

Method

5 gallon bucket trap [m]; cardboard band [mf]; D-Vac suction [m]; flight intercept trap [m]; malaise trap [m]; pitfall trap [mf]; sweeping [mf]

Type

North Carolina, Alabama

Etymology

Latin, two longitudinal black lines on abdomen

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Cesonia sincera Gertsch & Mulaik, 1936

Cesonia sinceraAgnew et al. 1985: 4; Bonnet 1956: 1026; Bowen et al. 2004: 188; Broussard and Horner 2006: 253; Gertsch and Mulaik 1936a: 10, mf, desc. (figs 12, 16); Jackman 1997: 163; Platnick and Shadab 1980b: 343, mf, desc. (figs 8–11); Richman et al. 2011a: 48; Roewer 1955: 412; Trevino 2014: 11; Tugmon et al. 1990: 44; Vogel 1970b: 9; Young and Edwards 1990: 17; Zolnerowich and Horner 1985: 80

Distribution

Widespread; Archer, Brewster, Cameron, Childress, Colorado, Comanche, Hidalgo, Mason, Nueces, Presidio, San Patricio, Starr, Terrell, Tom Green, Val Verde, Van Zandt, Webb, Wichita

Locality

Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge, Big Bend National Park, Chihuahuan desert, Dalquest Research Site, Lake Wichita

Time of activity

Male (March – April, July – September); female (March – October, December)

Habitat

(crops: peanuts); (grass: grass); (landscape features: under rock); (littoral: along margin of reservoir and pond); (objects: on tarp); (orchard: grapefruit, tangerine)

Method

pitfall trap [mf]; sweeping [mf]; yellow pan trap [m]

Type

Texas (male, Starr Co., Rio Grande City, July 1934, S. Mulaik, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Latin, genuine

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Genus Drassodes Westring, 1851

Drassodes auriculoides Barrows, 1919

Drassodes auriculoidesCokendolpher et al. 2008: 8, 18 [Platnick and Shadab 1976a: 18, mf, desc. (figs 49–56)]

Distribution

Carson

Locality

Pantex Plant

Habitat

(littoral: near playa)

Method

pitfall trap

Type

Ohio, Rockbridge

Etymology

Latin, epigynum consists of 3 lobes, middle nearly square, side ones each resembling a human ear

Collection

WTAM

Drassodes gosiutus Chamberlin, 1919

Drassodes gosiutusAgnew et al. 1985: 7; Bowen et al. 2004: 188; Cokendolpher et al. 2008: 8, 18; Jackman 1997: 163; Kaston 1978: 203, desc.; Platnick and Dondale 1992: 144, mf, desc. (figs 220–223); Platnick and Shadab 1976a: 12, mf, desc. (figs 29–36); Trevino 2014: 11; Zolnerowich and Horner 1985: 80

Distribution

Archer, Bandera, Brewster, Brown, Carson, Dallam, Erath, Kimble, McCulloch, Swisher, Tarrant, Webb, Wichita

Locality

Pantex Plant

Time of activity

Male (October – November); female (February – May, July – August, October – November)

Habitat

(grass: grassland, short grass); (landscape features: under rock); (littoral: near playa)

Method

pitfall trap [mf]

Eggs/spiderlings

Wichita [eggs in sac (60, 63, 82, 83, 95, 98, 105, 106, 116, 147)] [Zolnerowich and Horner 1985: 80]

Type

Utah, Fillmore

Etymology

referring to desert

Collection

DMNS, MSU, TAMU, WTAM

Drassodes saccatus (Emerton, 1890)

Drassodes saccatusAgnew et al. 1985: 7; Jackman 1997: 163; Platnick and Shadab 1976a: 15 [S], mf, desc. (figs 2, 37–48); Roberts 2001: 50; Zolnerowich and Horner 1985: 81

Drassodes robinsoni Chamberlin, 1919; Chamberlin 1936b: 8; Vogel 1970b: 9

Distribution

Archer, Brewster, Briscoe, Clay, Erath, Jeff Davis, Potter, Wichita

Locality

Lake McKenzie Park, Mount Locke Observatory, Wildcat Bluff Nature Center

Time of activity

Male (February – May); female (March – May, July)

Habitat

(landscape features: under [rock, stone]); (soil/woodland: under oak)

Method

pitfall trap [m] (under oak [m])

Eggs/spiderlings

Wichita [111 first instar in sac] [Zolnerowich and Horner 1985: 81]

Type

Massachusetts, Melrose

Etymology

Latin, a sack

Collection

MSU, TAMU, WTAM

Genus Drassyllus Chamberlin, 1922

Drassyllus antonito Platnick & Shadab, 1982

Drassyllus antonitoJackman 1997: 163; Platnick and Shadab 1982a: 35, mf, desc. (figs 83, 90–93); Trevino 2014: 11

Distribution

Brewster, Coryell, Hardeman, Kimble, San Patricio, Webb

Locality

Big Bend National Park, Medicine Mounds Ranch

Time of activity

Male (March – June, August – September); female (February – April, June – July, November)

Habitat

(soil/woodland: post oak savanna with pasture)

Method

pitfall trap [mf]

Type

New Mexico, Antonito

Etymology

locality (The specific name is a noun in apposition taken from the type locality, Platnick and Shadab 1982a).

Collection

TAMU, WTAM

Drassyllus aprilinus (Banks, 1904)

Drassyllus aprilinusAgnew et al. 1985: 7; Bowen et al. 2004: 188; Calixto et al. 2013: 182; Cokendolpher and Reddell 2001b: 45; Henderson 2007: 52–53, 76, 79, 83; Jackman 1997: 115, 163; Platnick and Dondale 1992: 130, mf, desc. (figs 200–203); Platnick and Shadab 1982a: 48, mf, desc. (figs 128–133); Yantis 2005: 66, 196, 200

Distribution

Eastern 2/3 Texas; Anderson, Angelina, Bandera, Bell, Brazos, Brewster, Burleson, Colorado, Comanche, Coryell, DeWitt, Erath, Gonzales, Grayson, Grimes, Hays, Houston, Jeff Davis, Kerr, Leon, Llano, Madison, Montague, Real, Refugio, Robertson, Sabine, San Patricio, Taylor, Travis, Trinity, Tyler, Walker, Wichita, Wood

Locality

Angelina National Forest, Big Bend National Park, Big Thicket National Preserve, Bill Haney Pecan Orchard, Fort Hood, Holmes Pecan Orchard, Kirby State Forest, Lick Creek Park, Lost Maples State Park, Palmetto State Park, Texas A&M University Rangeland Area

Caves

Bell (Price Pit Cave [Fort Hood])

Time of activity

Male (January 27-February 24, January, March – May, September, October 27-November 11, November, December 16-January 26); female (January 27 – February 24, March – June, September, October 27 – November 11, November – December)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave); (orchard: pecan); (soil/woodland: beech magnolia litter, disturbed habitat, forest litter, hardwood litter, Juniperus managed plot, Juniperus unmanaged plot, leaf litter, loblolly pine managed, loblolly pine unmanaged, magnolia litter, mixed hardwood leaf litter, oak leaf litter, old field, pine woods [%: 66, 80, 82, 86, 88, 95, 99, 100], post oak savanna with pasture, post oak woods [%: 49, 56, 77, 84, 91, 92, 94, 96], sandy area, under oak, upland deciduous forest, upland woods, woods)

Method

5 gallon bucket trap [mf]; berlese funnel [mf]; flight intercept trap on ground [mf]; pitfall trap [mf] (in leaves [mf], in sand [f], under oak [f])

Type

Maryland, Chevy Chase

Etymology

Latin, month collected

Collection

DMNS, MSU, TAMU

Drassyllus broussardi Platnick & Horner, 2007

Drassyllus broussardiPlatnick and Horner 2007: 197, mf, desc. (figs 1–4)

Distribution

Brewster, Presidio

Locality

Dalquest Research Site

Time of activity

Male (July – September); female (July – September)

Method

pitfall trap [mf]

Type

Texas (male, Presidio Co., Dalquest Research Site, August 8, 2005, N. Horner, J. Rogers, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Person (The specific name is a patronym in honor of Greg H. Broussard, in recognition of the many valuable specimens taken in his survey work at the type locality, Platnick and Horner 2007).

Drassyllus cerrus Platnick & Shadab, 1982

Drassyllus cerrusCokendolpher et al. 2008: 8, 20; Jackman 1997: 163; Platnick and Shadab 1982a: 42, m, desc. (figs 114–115); Trevino 2014: 11

Distribution

Carson, Val Verde, Webb

Time of activity

Male (February – March, November)

Habitat

(grass: grassland); (littoral: near playa)

Type

Texas (male, Val Verde Co., Langtry, March 19, 1960, W. J. Gertsch, W. Ivie, R. Schrammel, holotype, AMNH)

[female unknown]

Etymology

arbitrary combination of letters

Drassyllus conformans Chamberlin, 1936

Drassyllus conformansTrevino 2014: 11 [Platnick and Shadab 1982a: 28, mf, desc. (figs 66–71)]

Distribution

Webb

Time of activity

Male (June)

Method

pitfall trap [m]

Type

California, Santa Monica

Etymology

Latin, conforming

Drassyllus covensis Exline, 1962

Drassyllus covensisJackman 1997: 163 [Platnick and Shadab 1982a: 49, mf, desc. (figs 134–139)]

Distribution

Houston, Sabine, Tyler, Walker

Locality

Big Slough Wild Area, Big Thicket National Preserve, Huntsville State Park

Time of activity

Female (April – May)

Habitat

(soil/woodland: beech-magnolia litter, leaf litter)

Type

Arkansas, Cove Creek

Etymology

locality (creek)

Collection

TAMU

Drassyllus creolus Chamberlin & Gertsch, 1940

Drassyllus creolusJackman 1997: 163; Platnick and Dondale 1992: 133, mf, desc. (figs 208–211); Platnick and Shadab 1982a: 56, mf, desc. (figs 152–153, 158–161); Yantis 2005: 200

Distribution

Colorado, Jefferson, San Patricio, Trinity, Walker

Locality

Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge, Welder Wildlife Refuge

Time of activity

Male (May); female (May, July)

Habitat

(soil/woodland: live-oak woodland, pine woods [%: 84])

Method

5 gallon bucket trap [m]; pitfall trap [f]

Type

Louisiana, Baton Rouge

Etymology

type of people in Louisiana

Collection

TAMU

Drassyllus depressus (Emerton, 1890)

Drassyllus depressusCokendolpher et al. 2008: 8, 20; Trevino 2014: 11 [Platnick and Shadab 1982a: 12, mf, desc. (figs 18–23)]

Distribution

Carson, Webb

Locality

Pantex Plant

Time of activity

Female (June)

Habitat

(littoral: near playa)

Method

pitfall trap

Type

Massachusetts, Medford

Etymology

Latin, pressed down low

Collection

WTAM

Drassyllus dixinus Chamberlin, 1922

Drassyllus dixinusJackman 1997: 163; Platnick and Shadab 1982a: 24, mf, desc. (figs 54–59); Yantis 2005: 66, 197, 200

Drassyllus sp. nr dixinus Chamberlin, 1922; Henderson 2007: 64, 76, 79, 83 [misidentified]

Distribution

Anderson, Angelina, Brazos, Coryell, Culberson, Harris, Harrison, Houston, Leon, Tyler

Locality

Angelina National Forest, Kirby State Forest, Lick Creek Park

Time of activity

Male (April – June); female (April 27-May 18, May – June, June 30-July 15)

Habitat

(soil/woodland: loblolly pine managed, longleaf pine managed, old field, pine woods [%: 73, 74, 80, 83, 84, 88, 95, 100], post oak savanna with pasture, post oak woodland, post oak woods [%: 92], sandy area)

Method

5 gallon bucket trap [mf]; pitfall trap [mf]

Type

Louisiana, Mandeville

Etymology

location (region)

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Drassyllus dromeus Chamberlin, 1922

Drassyllus dromeusAgnew et al. 1985: 7; Bowen et al. 2004: 188; Chamberlin 1922: 169, m, desc.; Chamberlin 1936a: 23; Jackman 1997: 115, 163; Platnick and Dondale 1992: 135, mf, desc. (figs 212–215); Platnick and Shadab 1982a: 62 [S], mf, desc. (figs 178–183); Roewer 1955: 414; Trevino 2014: 11; Vogel 1970b: 9; Yantis 2005: 197; Zolnerowich and Horner 1985: 81

Drassyllus devexus Chamberlin, 1936; Brown 1974: 233; Reddell 1970: 405; Smith and Reddell 1971: 24; Vogel 1970b: 9

Distribution

Western 2/3 Texas; Archer, Brazos, Cameron, Comal, Erath, Hardeman, Hays, Hidalgo, Houston, Jeff Davis, Kerr, Kimble, Llano, Lubbock, Nacogdoches, Presidio, San Patricio, Starr, Travis, Tyler, Webb, Wichita

Locality

Angelina National Forest, Kirby State Forest, Laguna Atascosa National Wildlife Refuge, Lower Rio Grande Valley National Wildlife Refuge, Medicine Mounds Ranch, Texas A&M University Rangeland Area

Caves

Kimble (Garter Snake Cave)

Time of activity

Male (January – May, November 20-December 4, December); female (February – June, October, December, December 17-January 8)

Habitat

(grass: grass); (landscape features: cave, under rock); (objects: under [board, brick, sheet metal]); (soil/woodland: on ground in woods, Juniperus managed plot, Juniperus unmanaged plot, loblolly pine managed, pine woods [%: 95], post oak savanna with pasture, riparian mesquite forest, thorn thicket, under [bark, juniper, oak], willow tree bark); (structures: indoors, on floor in house)

Method

5 gallon bucket trap [f]; carrion trap [m]; flight intercept trap on ground [m]; pitfall trap [mf] (under Juniper [m], under oak [f]); sweeping

Type

Texas (male, Travis Co., Austin, no date, no collector, holotype, MCZ)

Etymology

Greek, running

Collection

DMNS, MSU, TAMU, TMM, WTAM

Drassyllus ellipes Chamberlin & Gertsch, 1940

Drassyllus ellipes [Platnick and Shadab 1982a: 53, mf, desc. (figs 146–151)]

Distribution

Tyler

Locality

Kirby State Forest

Time of activity

Male (March 30-April 27)

Method

pitfall trap [m]

Type

Alabama, Duncanville

Etymology

Greek, elliptical

Collection

TAMU

Drassyllus eremitus Chamberlin, 1922

Drassyllus eremitus [Platnick and Shadab 1982a: 11, mf, desc. (figs 12–17)]

Distribution

Tyler

Locality

Kirby State Forest

Time of activity

Male (March 30-April 27)

Method

pitfall trap [m]

Type

Tennessee, Glenraven

Etymology

Greek, hermit

Collection

TAMU

Drassyllus gynosaphes Chamberlin, 1936

Drassyllus gynosaphesAgnew et al. 1985: 7; Bowen et al. 2004: 188; Chamberlin 1936b: 16, mf, desc. (figs 26–28); Cokendolpher and Reddell 2001b: 45; Jackman 1997: 163; Platnick and Shadab 1982a: 17, mf, desc. (figs 36–41); Reddell and Cokendolpher 2004: 85; Roewer 1955: 415; Trevino 2014: 11; Vogel 1970b: 9; Yantis 2005: 197, 200

Distribution

Anderson, Angelina, Bell, Bexar, Cameron, Erath, Gonzales, Grimes, Hidalgo, Houston, Madison, Travis, Webb, Wichita

Locality

Angelina National Forest, Fort Hood, Palmetto State Park

Caves

Bell (Price Pit Cave [Fort Hood]); Bexar (Backhole)

Time of activity

Male (March – May, December); female (February, April – June, October)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave); (littoral: edge of pond, near pond); (soil/woodland: edge of woods, hardwood bottomland, leaf litter, loblolly pine managed, longleaf pine managed, oak leaf litter, pine woods [%: 67, 95], post oak woods [%: 56, 94], woods)

Method

5 gallon bucket trap [mf]; berlese funnel [f]; pitfall trap [mf] (edge of pond [mf], edge of woods [m], in dead leaves [m], in woods [f], near pond [m])

Type

Texas (female, Hidalgo Co., Edinburg, April 1934, S. Mulaik, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Greek, female

Collection

MSU, TAMU, TMM

Drassyllus inanus Chamberlin & Gertsch, 1940

Drassyllus inanusBreene et al. 1993c: 16, 47, 87, mf (figs 105A-B); Calixto et al. 2013: 182; Cokendolpher et al. 2008: 8, 20; Jackman 1997: 163; Platnick and Shadab 1982a: 33, mf, desc. (figs 78–82)

Distribution

Blanco, Brazos, Burleson, Caldwell, Cameron, Carson, Coleman, Comanche, Coryell, Hidalgo, Houston, Robertson, San Patricio

Locality

Bentsen-Rio Grande Valley State Park, Bill Haney Pecan Orchard, Browning Ranch, Holmes Pecan Orchard, Horne Ranch, NK Ranch, Pantex Plant

Time of activity

Male (March – October, December); female (March 30-April 6, April – August)

Habitat

(crops: cotton); (grass: grassland); (littoral: near playa); (orchard: pecan); (soil/woodland: ground litter, mesquite woods, post oak savanna with pasture)

Method

pitfall trap [mf]

Type

Utah, Bluff

Etymology

Latin, empty

Collection

DMNS, TAMU, WTAM

Drassyllus lepidus (Banks, 1899)

Drassyllus lepidusAgnew et al. 1985: 4; Bowen et al. 2004: 188; Calixto et al. 2013: 182, 187; Cokendolpher et al. 2008: 8, 20 (fig. 6); Irungu 2007: 30; Jackman 1997: 115, 163; Platnick and Shadab 1982a: 92 [S], mf, desc. (figs 270–271, 276–279); Roberts 2001: 50; Trevino 2014: 11; Young and Edwards 1990: 17; Zolnerowich and Horner 1985: 81

Drassyllus mephisto Chamberlin, 1936; Brown 1974: 233; Chamberlin 1936b: 14, mf, desc. (figs 3–5); Roewer 1955: 416; Vogel 1970b: 9

Distribution

Widespread; Blanco, Bosque, Bowie, Brazos, Brewster, Brown, Burleson, Cameron, Carson, Clay, Comanche, Coryell, Erath, Hidalgo, Jeff Davis, Jim Wells, Kerr, Kimble, Montague, Potter, Randall, San Patricio, Shelby, Starr, Taylor, Travis, Webb, Wichita, Williamson

Locality

5-Eagle Ranch, Bill Haney Pecan Orchard, Browning Ranch, Canoncita Ranch, Lake Meredith National Recreation Area, Palo Duro Canyon State Park, Pantex Lake (edge), Pantex Plant, Stiles Farm Foundation, Welder Wildlife Refuge, Wildcat Bluff Nature Center

Time of activity

Male (January, March – August); female (March – October)

Habitat

(crops: cabbage, cotton, peanuts); (grass: grass, grassland); (landscape features: under [concrete, rock]); (littoral: playa); (objects: under [board, sheet metal]); (orchard: pecan); (soil/woodland: oak leaf litter, post oak savanna with pasture, sandy area, under juniper); (structures: indoors, warehouse)

Method

pitfall trap [mf] (in sand [m], under juniper [mf]); swine feces pitfall trap [m]

Type

Louisiana, Shreveport

Etymology

Greek, scales

Collection

DMNS, MSU, TAMU, WTAM

Drassyllus mexicanus (Banks, 1898)

Drassyllus mexicanusTrevino 2014: 11 [Platnick and Shadab 1982a: 65, mf, desc. (figs 196–199)]

Distribution

Webb

Time of activity

Male (October – November)

Type

Mexico, Orizaba

Etymology

locality (country)

Drassyllus mormon Chamberlin, 1936

Drassyllus mormonJackman 1997: 163 [Platnick and Shadab 1982a: 63, mf, desc. (figs 184–189)]

Distribution

Jeff Davis

Time of activity

Female (March)

Type

Utah, St. George

Etymology

Latin, religion

Collection

MSU

Drassyllus mumai Gertsch & Riechert, 1976

Drassyllus mumaiJackman 1997: 163; Platnick and Shadab 1982a: 70, mf, desc. (figs 206–211)

Distribution

Brewster, Presidio

Type

New Mexico, Carrizozo

Etymology

Person (Named for Dr. Martin Muma of Silver City, New Mexico, student of solpugids and spiders, who has collected numerous examples of this distinctive species, Gertsch and Riechert 1976).

Drassyllus notonus Chamberlin, 1928

Drassyllus notonusAgnew et al. 1985: 4; Bowen et al. 2004: 188; Breene et al. 1993c: 16, 47, 87, mf (figs 106A-B); Calixto et al. 2013: 182; Cokendolpher et al. 2008: 8, 20; Dean and Sterling 1990: 403; Dean et al. 1982: 255; Irungu 2007: 30; Jackman 1997: 115, 163; Platnick and Shadab 1982a: 30, mf, desc. (figs 72–77); Young and Edwards 1990: 17; Zolnerowich and Horner 1985: 81

Distribution

Archer, Brazos, Brewster, Brown, Burleson, Carson, Comanche, Coryell, Dallas, Erath, Floyd, Grayson, Haskell, Hidalgo, Houston, Knox, Robertson, Walker, Wichita, Williamson

Locality

Big Bend National Park, Bill Haney Pecan Orchard, Ellis Prison Unit, Holmes Pecan Orchard, Pantex Plant, Stiles Farm Foundation

Time of activity

Male (February – August); female (March – September)

Habitat

(crops: cabbage, cotton, peanuts); (grass: grass); (landscape features: under stone); (littoral: near playa); (objects: under board); (orchard: pecan); (plants: emergent vegetation, vegetation); (soil/woodland: on ground, post oak savanna with pasture); (structures: garage floor)

Method

Boll weevil pheromone trap [f]; D-Vac suction [m]; pitfall trap [mf]; suction trap [m]; sweeping [m]

Type

Utah, Noton

Etymology

locality (town)

Collection

DMNS, MSU, TAMU, WTAM

Drassyllus orgilus Chamberlin, 1922

Drassyllus orgilusAgnew et al. 1985: 4; Bowen et al. 2004: 188; Calixto et al. 2013: 182; Chamberlin 1922: 169, f, desc.; Chamberlin 1936b: 13; Jackman 1997: 115, 163; Platnick and Shadab 1982a: 60, mf, desc. (figs 172–177); Roewer 1955: 416; Trevino 2014: 12; Vogel 1970b: 9; Yantis 2005: 197, 200; Young and Edwards 1990: 17; Zolnerowich and Horner 1985: 81

Distribution

Eastern 2/3 Texas; Anderson, Archer, Bexar, Brazos, Brown, Burleson, Cameron, Clay, Dallas, Denton, DeWitt, Erath, Galveston, Gonzales, Hardeman, Hays, Hidalgo, Houston, Kerr, Kimble, Llano, McCulloch, Montgomery, Robertson, San Patricio, Starr, Sutton, Tarrant, Taylor, Tom Green, Travis, Webb, Wichita

Locality

Holmes Pecan Orchard, Lick Creek Park, Medicine Mounds Ranch

Time of activity

Male (February – May, July, September – December); female (January – June, August, October – December, December 16 – January 26)

Habitat

(crops: peanuts); (grass: grass); (landscape features: under rock); (littoral: near [pond, near water]); (objects: under board); (orchard: pecan); (plants: vegetation); (soil/woodland: Juniperus managed plot, pine woods [%: 69, 85], post oak savanna with pasture, woods); (structures: indoors)

Method

5 gallon bucket trap [m]; flight intercept trap on ground [f]; pitfall trap [mf] (near pond [f])

Type

Texas (female, Travis Co., Austin, no date, no collector, holotype, MCZ)

Etymology

Greek, irritable

Collection

DMNS, MSU, TAMU, WTAM

Drassyllus prosaphes Chamberlin, 1936

Drassyllus prosaphesBroussard and Horner 2006: 253; Chamberlin 1936b: 16, m, desc. (figs 29–30); Jackman 1997: 115, 163; Platnick and Shadab 1982a: 89, mf, desc. (figs 264–269); Richman et al. 2011a: 48; Roewer 1955: 416; Trevino 2014: 12; Vogel 1970b: 9

Distribution

Angelina, Aransas, Bee, Bexar, Brewster, Brooks, Hidalgo, Kleberg, Presidio, San Patricio, Taylor, Webb

Locality

Angelina National Forest, Bentsen-Rio Grande Valley State Park, Chihuahuan desert, Dalquest Research Site

Caves

Brewster (O.T.L. Cave)

Time of activity

Male (April – June); female (April – June)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave); (plants: Opuntia sp.); (soil/woodland: ground litter, hardwood bottomland, leaf litter, mesquite woods)

Method

pitfall trap [mf]

Type

Texas (male, Hidalgo Co., Edinburg, May 2, 1935, S. Mulaik, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Greek, face

Collection

MSU, TAMU, TMM

Drassyllus rufulus (Banks, 1892)

Drassyllus rufulusJackman 1997: 163; Platnick and Dondale 1992: 126, mf, desc. (figs 192–195); Platnick and Shadab 1982a: 44, mf, desc. (figs 122–127); Trevino 2014: 12; Yantis 2005: 197

Distribution

Anderson, Brazos, Colorado, Hardin, Webb

Locality

Lick Creek Park

Time of activity

Male (July, November); female (October – November)

Habitat

(soil/woodland: forest, pine woods [%: 69], woods)

Method

5 gallon bucket trap [mf]; pitfall trap [f]

Type

New York, Ithaca

Etymology

Latin, color reddish

Collection

TAMU

Drassyllus sinton Platnick & Shadab, 1982

Drassyllus sintonJackman 1997: 163; Platnick and Shadab 1982a: 34, mf, desc. (figs 84–89)

Distribution

Cameron, Hays, Hidalgo, San Patricio

Time of activity

Male (April – May, September – October, December); female (September, December)

Type

Texas (male, San Patricio Co., 8 miles NE Sinton, September 4, 1959, H. E. Laughlin, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

locality (The specific name is a noun in apposition taken from the type locality, Platnick and Shadab 1982a).

Drassyllus texamans Chamberlin, 1936

Drassyllus texamansAgnew et al. 1985: 7; Bowen et al. 2004: 189; Calixto et al. 2013: 182; Chamberlin 1936b: 17, f, desc. (fig. 25); Cokendolpher and Reddell 2001b: 45; Jackman 1997: 115, 163; Platnick and Shadab 1982a: 26 [S], mf, desc. (figs 60–65); Reddell 1965: 171; Roewer 1955: 417; Vogel 1970b: 9; Zolnerowich and Horner 1985: 81

Drassyllus finium Chamberlin, 1936; Chamberlin 1936b: 15, m, desc. (figs 33–34); Roewer 1955: 415; Vogel 1970b: 9

Distribution

Widespread; Bandera, Bell, Brazos, Brewster, Brown, Burleson, Cameron, Colorado, Comanche, Coryell, Dallas, Edwards, Erath, Hardeman, Harris, Hays, Hidalgo, Kerr, Kleberg, Pecos, Potter, Presidio, Randall, Robertson, San Patricio, Sutton, Terrell, Throckmorton, Tom Green, Travis, Wichita, Williamson

Locality

Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge, Bill Haney Pecan Orchard, Canoncita Ranch, Fort Hood, Holmes Pecan Orchard, Lake Meredith, Lost Maples State Park, Palo Duro Canyon State Park, Perkins Scout Reservation, Raven Ranch, Santa Ana National Wildlife Refuge, Stiles Farm Foundation, Texas A&M University Rangeland Area, Welder Wildlife Refuge

Caves

Bell (Newby Cave [Fort Hood]); Brewster (O.T.L. Cave); Hardeman (Campsey Cave)

Time of activity

Male (March – July); female (March 3-April 4, April – August, December)

Habitat

(crops: cotton); (grass: grass, grasses); (landscape features: cave); (littoral: near pond); (objects: under barrel); (orchard: pecan); (soil/woodland: anacua groves, forest, ground, Juniperus unmanaged plot, leaf litter, live oak woodland, oak litter, open field, pine litter, post oak savanna with pasture, Quercus litter, sandy area, sandy terrace along river, under [juniper, oak], woods)

Method

Berlese funnel [mf]; carrion pitfall trap [m]; flight intercept trap [f]; flight intercept trap on ground [m]; pitfall trap [mf] (in sand [mf], in woods [m], near pond [m], under juniper [mf], under oak [mf]); ramp trap [f]; tile trap [f]

Type

Texas (female, Terrell Co., Sanderson, July 4, 1934, S. Mulaik, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

locality (state)

Collection

DMNS, MSU, TAMU, TMM, WTAM

Genus Eilica Keyserling, 1891

Eilica bicolor Banks, 1896

Eilica bicolorJackman 1997: 163; Platnick 1975b: 10, mf, desc. (figs 1, 20–23); Roth 1982: 20–2; Roth 1985: B-16–2; Roth 1994: 97; Ubick 2005c: 109

Distribution

Cameron, Hidalgo, Starr

Locality

Laguna Atascosa National Wildlife Refuge, Lower Rio Grande Valley National Wildlife Refuge, Resaca de la Palma State Park, Santa Ana National Wildlife Refuge

Time of activity

Male (March 3-April 4, April); female (January 28 – March 1, March 4-April 3, November)

Habitat

(soil/woodland: forest, riparian mesquite forest, thorn thicket)

Method

carrion flight intercept trap [f]; flight intercept trap [mf]

Type

Florida, Punta Gorda

Etymology

Latin, cephalothorax and abdomen two colors

Collection

TAMU

Genus Gertschosa Platnick & Shadab, 1981

Gertschosa amphiloga (Chamberlin, 1936)

Gertschosa amphilogaJackman 1997: 163; Platnick and Shadab 1981a: 180 [T], f, desc. (figs 11–12); Roth 1982: 20–3; Roth 1985: B-16–3; Roth 1994: 98; Ubick 2005c: 110

Sergiolus amphilogus Chamberlin, 1936; Chamberlin 1936b: 4, f, desc. (fig. 18); Roewer 1955: 438; Vogel 1970b: 10

Distribution

Cameron

Time of activity

Female (June)

Type

Texas (female, Cameron Co., Brownsville, June 1, 1934, J. N. Knull, holotype, AMNH)

[male unknown]

Etymology

Greek, gather around

Genus Gnaphosa Latreille, 1804

Gnaphosa altudona Chamberlin, 1922

Gnaphosa altudonaBonnet 1957: 2003; Breene et al. 1993c: 16, 47, 88, mf (figs 108A–B); Chamberlin 1922: 157, f, desc.; Cokendolpher et al. 2008: 8, 20; Irungu 2007: 30; Jackman 1997: 163; Platnick and Shadab 1975a: 30, mf, desc. (figs 59–64); Roewer 1955: 369; Trevino 2014: 12; Zolnerowich and Horner 1985: 81

Gnaphosa altadora Chamberlin, 1922; Vogel 1970b: 9

Gnaphosa sp.; Milstead 1958: 446

Distribution

Brewster, Burleson, Carson, Coryell, Hidalgo, Presidio, San Patricio, Tom Green, Webb, Wichita, Williamson

Locality

Chisos Basin, Chisos Mountains, La Mota Mountains, Pantex Plant, Stiles Farm Foundation

Time of activity

Male (April – July); female (March, June – August)

Habitat

(crops: cabbage, cotton); (landscape features: under [rock, stone]); (littoral: near playa); (nest/prey: stomach of Cnemidophorus tigris); (soil/woodland – post oak savanna with pasture)

Method

pitfall trap [mf]

Eggs/spiderlings

Wichita [27 first instar in sac] [Zolnerowich and Horner 1985: 81]

Type

Texas (female, Brewster Co., Altudo, no date, no collector, holotype, MCZ)

Etymology

locality (town)

Collection

MSU, TAMU, WTAM

Gnaphosa clara (Keyserling, 1887)

Gnaphosa claraJackman 1997: 163; Platnick and Dondale 1992: 168, mf, desc. (figs 252–255); Platnick and Shadab 1975a: 12 [S], mf, desc. (figs 11–16); Zolnerowich and Horner 1985: 82

Gnaphosa mulaiki Chamberlin, 1936; Chamberlin 1936b: 6, f, desc. (fig. 24); Roewer 1955: 370

Distribution

Cameron, Lubbock, Lynn, Wichita, Williamson

Locality

Green Island Bird Refuge, Stiles Farm Foundation

Time of activity

Male (June); female (May – June)

Habitat

(crops: cotton); (objects: under wood)

Method

pitfall trap [m]

Eggs/spiderlings

Wichita [59 eggs in sac] [Zolnerowich and Horner 1985: 82]

Type

Utah, Bridger Basin

Etymology

Latin, clear

Collection

JCC, MSU, TAMU, WTAM

Gnaphosa fontinalis Keyserling, 1887

Gnaphosa fontinalisAgnew et al. 1985: 4; Bowen et al. 2004: 189; Bradley 2013: 127; Broussard and Horner 2006: 254; Chamberlin 1922: 157; Cokendolpher and Reddell 2001b: 45; Jackman 1997: 163; Platnick and Dondale 1992: 163, mf, desc. (figs 244–247); Platnick and Shadab 1975a: 54 [S], mf, desc. (figs 127–134, 150); Richman et al. 2011a: 48; Roberts 2001: 50; Vogel 1970b: 10; Yantis 2005: 66, 197; Young and Edwards 1990: 17; Zolnerowich and Horner 1985: 82

Gnaphosa texana Chamberlin, 1922; Bonnet 1957: 2022; Chamberlin 1922: 157, m, desc.; Roewer 1955: 371; Vogel 1970b: 10

Distribution

Anderson, Angelina, Bell, Brown, Coryell, Dallas, Erath, Hays, Houston, Kerr, Leon, Llano, Montague, Potter, Presidio, Sabine, Smith, Travis, Wichita

Locality

Angelina National Forest, Chihuahuan desert, Dalquest Research Site, Lake Meredith National Recreation Area, Raven Ranch, Tyler State Park, White Rock Lake, Wildcat Bluff Nature Center

Caves

Bell (Cub Cave); Hays (Ezell’s Cave)

Time of activity

Male (April – July, October); female (April – August)

Habitat

(crops: peanuts); (landscape features: cave, under rock); (littoral: near pond); (plants: herbs near water); (soil/woodland: beech-magnolia forest, Juniperus managed plot, Juniperus unmanaged plot, leaf litter, loblolly pine managed, loblolly pine unmanaged, pine woods [%: 79, 83, 99], post oak savanna with pasture, post oak woods [%: 44, 56, 82, 91], sandy area, under [juniper, oak], upland deciduous forest)

Method

5 gallon bucket trap [mf]; flight intercept trap on ground [mf]; malaise trap [f]; pitfall trap [mf] (in leaves [mf], in sand [m], near pond [m], under juniper [mf], under oak [mf])

Type

Kentucky, Bee Spring

Etymology

Latin, of a spring

Collection

DMNS, MCZ, MSU, TAMU, TMM, WTAM

Gnaphosa saxosa Platnick & Shadab, 1975

Gnaphosa saxosa [Platnick and Shadab 1975a: 17, mf, desc. (figs 29–34)]

Distribution

Hardeman, Knox, Presidio

Locality

Big Bend Ranch State Park, Medicine Mounds Ranch

Time of activity

Male (July – August); female (March, July)

Habitat

(crops: cotton); (landscape features: under rock)

Method

pitfall trap [mf]

Type

Colorado, Boone

Etymology

Latin, saxosus (rocky) and refers to one habitat of this species under rocks

Collection

NMSU, TAMU, WTAM

Gnaphosa sericata (L. Koch, 1866)

Gnaphosa sericataAgnew et al. 1985: 4; Bowen et al. 2004: 189; Breene et al. 1993c: 16, 47, 88, mf (figs 109A-B); Brown 1974: 234; Calixto et al. 2013: 182; Chamberlin 1922: 157; Dean et al. 1982: 255; Henderson 2007: 63–64, 76, 79, 83; Irungu 2007: 30; Jackman 1997: 163; Kaston 1953: 75, desc. (fig. 182); Platnick and Shadab 1975a: 61, mf, desc. (figs 143–149); Ramirez 2014: 363; Roberts 2001: 50; Trevino 2014: 12; Vogel 1970b: 10; Yantis 2005: 197; Young and Edwards 1990: 17; Zolnerowich and Horner 1985: 82

Distribution

Widespread; Bastrop, Brazos, Brewster, Brown, Burleson, Coleman, Colorado, Comal, Comanche, Coryell, Cottle, Denton, Erath, Frio, Garza, Hidalgo, Houston, Jeff Davis, Kenedy, Kerr, La Salle, Nacogdoches, Nolan, Potter, San Patricio, Somervell, Tom Green, Travis, Walker, Webb, Wichita, Wilbarger, Zapata

Locality

Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge, Bentsen-Rio Grande Valley State Park, Bill Haney Pecan Orchard, Chaparral Wildlife Management Area, Ellis Prison Unit, Falcon Reservoir, Horne Ranch, Kenedy Ranch, Lick Creek Park, Matador Wildlife Management Area, Raven Ranch, Somerville Lake, Welder Wildlife Refuge, Wildcat Bluff Nature Center

Time of activity

Male (March – October); female (March – October)

Habitat

(crops: cabbage, cotton, peanuts); (grass: grass); (landscape features: under rock); (orchard: pecan); (soil/woodland: acacia area, disturbed habitat, pine woods [%: 79], post oak savanna with pasture, post oak woodland, sandy brushland, sandy open prairie, sandy area, under [cow manure, oak], upland woods); (structures: in house, on ground near house)

Method

5 gallon bucket trap [f]; pitfall trap [mf] (in sand [m], under oak [f]); swine feces pitfall trap [m]

Type

Maryland, Baltimore

Etymology

Greek, silk

Collection

DMNS, MSU, TAMU, WTAM

Genus Haplodrassus Chamberlin, 1922

Haplodrassus chamberlini Platnick & Shadab, 1975

Haplodrassus chamberliniBowen et al. 2004: 189; Broussard and Horner 2006: 254; Jackman 1997: 163; Platnick and Dondale 1992: 213, mf, desc. (figs 317–321); Richman et al. 2011a: 48; Zolnerowich and Horner 1985: 82 [Platnick and Shadab 1975b: 27, mf, desc. (figs 63–70)]

Distribution

Brown, Culberson, Deaf Smith, Parker, Presidio, Reeves, Wichita

Locality

Chihuahuan desert, Dalquest Research Site

Time of activity

Male (March – May); female (March – May)

Habitat

(grass: grassy pasture); (landscape features: under [rock, stone])

Method

pitfall trap [mf]

Type

Oklahoma, Felt

Etymology

Person (The specific name is a patronym in honor of the late Dr. R. V. Chamberlin, in recognition of his pioneering work on Haplodrassus and Orodrassus, Platnick and Shadab 1975b).

Collection

MSU, WTAM

Haplodrassus dixiensis Chamberlin & Woodbury, 1929

Haplodrassus dixiensisJackman 1997: 163 [Platnick and Shadab 1975b: 23, mf, desc. (figs 39–46)]

Distribution

Brown, Presidio

Time of activity

Female (March)

Habitat

(soil/woodland: ground)

Type

Utah, St. George

Etymology

Latin, region

Collection

MSU

Haplodrassus signifer (C. L. Koch, 1839)

Haplodrassus signiferAgnew et al. 1985: 4; Bowen et al. 2004: 189; Jackman 1997: 163; Platnick and Shadab 1975b: 11, mf, desc. (figs 11–22); Roberts 2001: 50; Young and Edwards 1990: 17; Zolnerowich and Horner 1985: 82

Distribution

Baylor, Brown, Coryell, Erath, Hardeman, Hutchinson, Kerr, McLennan, Potter, Tom Green, Travis, Wichita

Locality

Lake Meredith National Recreation Area, Medicine Mounds Ranch, Wildcat Bluff Nature Center

Time of activity

Male (February – May, September); female (February – May)

Habitat

(crops: peanuts); (landscape features: under [rock, stone]); (littoral: near pond); (soil/woodland: edge of woods, post oak savanna with pasture, under juniper, upland deciduous forest)

Method

Flight intercept trap [m]; pitfall trap [mf] (border/edge of woods [mf], near pond [f], under juniper [m])

Eggs/spiderlings

Wichita [232 second instar, 50 first instar spiderlings; 94 first instar, 24 eggs; 60 second instar, 26 first instar] [Zolnerowich and Horner 1985: 82]

Type

Czechoslovakia, Bohemia, near Karlsbad

Etymology

Latin, a sign

Collection

DMNS, MSU, TAMU, WTAM

Genus Herpyllus Hentz, 1832

Herpyllus bubulcus Chamberlin, 1922

Herpyllus bubulcusBonnet 1957: 2171; Broussard and Horner 2006: 254; Chamberlin 1922: 150, f, desc.; Jackman 1997: 163; Platnick and Shadab 1977: 29, mf, desc. (figs 85–90); Richman et al. 2011a: 48; Roewer 1955: 422; Trevino 2014: 12; Vogel 1970b: 10; Zolnerowich and Horner 1985: 82

Distribution

Armstrong, Brewster, Culberson, El Paso, Hardeman, Jeff Davis, Kendall, Llano, Parmer, Pecos, Potter, Presidio, Randall, Reeves, Sutton, Travis, Webb

Locality

Big Bend National Park, Chihuahuan desert, Chisos Basin, Chisos Mountains, Dalquest Research Site, Lake Meredith National Recreation Area, Lake Tanglewood, Medicine Mounds Ranch, Palo Duro Canyon

Time of activity

Male (February, November); female (March)

Habitat

(landscape features: rock pile, under rock)

Method

pitfall trap [mf]

Type

Texas (female, Brewster Co., Altudo, no date, no collector, holotype, MCZ)

Etymology

Latin, herdsman

Collection

MSU, WTAM

Herpyllus cockerelli (Banks, 1901)

Herpyllus cockerelliJackman 1997: 163; Platnick and Shadab 1977: 15, mf, desc. (figs 31–36)

Distribution

Brewster, Brown, Coryell, Jeff Davis, Sutton

Locality

Big Bend National Park, Chisos Mountains

Time of activity

Male (December); female (February, March)

Habitat

(soil/woodland: under bark)

Type

New Mexico, Mesilla Park

Etymology

Person (arachnologist/entomologist Theodore Dru Alison Cockerell, professor at New Mexico Agricultural College (now New Mexico State University, Las Cruces)

Collection

MSU

Herpyllus ecclesiasticus Hentz, 1832

Herpyllus ecclesiasticusAgnew et al. 1985: 7; Bumroongsook et al. 1992: 18; Calixto et al. 2013: 182, 189; Jackman 1997: 115, desc., 163 (photo 35c); Lombardini et al. 2005: 1378; Platnick and Dondale 1992: 273, mf, desc. (figs 2–3, 14, 433–436); Platnick and Shadab 1977: 7 [S], mf, desc. (figs 1–8); Roberts 2001: 50; Yantis 2005: 197; Zolnerowich and Horner 1985: 82

Herpyllus vasifer (Walckenaer, 1837); Brown 1974: 234

Herpyllus cratus Chamberlin, 1922; Chamberlin 1936b: 1; Roewer 1955: 422; Vogel 1970b: 10

Distribution

Widespread; Archer, Bailey, Bastrop, Bexar, Brazos, Brewster, Burleson, Carson, Clay, Comanche, Dallas, Denton, Eastland, Erath, Galveston, Gray, Grayson, Hardeman, Hardin, Hays, Hidalgo, Houston, Hutchinson, Kendall, Kerr, Llano, Lubbock, Lynn, Nacogdoches, Parmer, Potter, Randall, Robertson, Sutton, Swisher, Taylor, Travis, Uvalde, Wichita

Locality

Bastrop State Park, Bill Haney Pecan Orchard, Holmes Pecan Orchard, Medicine Mounds Ranch, Santa Ana National Wildlife Refuge, Somerville Lake, Storey Pecan Orchard, Wildcat Bluff Nature Center

Time of activity

Male (February – March, May – July, September – November); female (January – September, November)

Habitat

(grass: grass); (landscape features: under rock); (orchard: pecan); (soil/woodland: Juniperus managed plot, on tree, pine woods [%: 88], under bark, woods); (structures: garage, house, indoors, on [floor in house, wall in house])

Method

5 gallon bucket trap [f]; cardboard band [mf]; flight intercept trap elevated [f]; fogging [f]; malaise trap [m]; pitfall trap [mf]; ramp trap [m]; suction trap [m]

Type

United States

Etymology

Greek, assembly

Collection

MSU, TAMU, TTU, WTAM

Herpyllus gertschi Platnick & Shadab, 1977

Herpyllus gertschiJackman 1997: 163; Platnick and Shadab 1977: 35, mf, desc. (figs 57–58, 103–106)

Distribution

Brewster

Locality

Big Bend National Park, Chisos Basin, Chisos Mountains

Type

Arizona, Southwestern Research Station

Etymology

Person (The specific name is a patronym in honor of Dr. Willis J. Gertsch, who first recognized the species as new, Platnick and Shadab 1977).

Herpyllus hesperolus Chamberlin, 1928

Herpyllus hesperolusBradley 2013: 128; Jackman 1997: 163; Platnick and Dondale 1992: 271, mf, desc. (figs 429–432); Platnick and Shadab 1977: 23, mf, desc. (figs 63–68); Zolnerowich and Horner 1985: 82

Distribution

Brewster, Hudspeth, Pecos, Sutton, Wichita

Time of activity

Male (May); female (February – March)

Habitat

(landscape features: rocky hillside, rock pile, under rock)

Type

California, Los Angeles

Etymology

Greek, western

Collection

MSU

Herpyllus propinquus (Keyserling, 1887)

Herpyllus propinquusJackman 1997: 163; Platnick and Shadab 1977: 9, mf, desc. (figs 9–14)

Distribution

El Paso, Hudspeth, Presidio

Locality

Big Bend Ranch State Park

Time of activity

Male (March)

Type

California, Santa Barbara

Etymology

Latin, near

Collection

MSU, NMSU, WTAM

Herpyllus regnans Chamberlin, 1936

Herpyllus regnansChamberlin 1936b: 2, f, desc. (fig. 14); Jackman 1997: 163; Platnick and Shadab 1977: 31, mf, desc. (figs 91–94); Roewer 1955: 423; Vogel 1970b: 10

Distribution

Brown, Crockett, Grayson, Kendall, Kerr, Llano, Sutton, Zapata

Locality

Lake Texoma, Raven Ranch

Time of activity

Male (December); female (February, May, December)

Habitat

(landscape features: under rock); (soil/woodland: under bark)

Type

Texas (female, Zapata Co., Arroyo Solado, no date, S. Mulaik, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Latin, reign

Collection

MSU

Genus Litopyllus Chamberlin, 1922

Litopyllus temporarius Chamberlin, 1922

Litopyllus temporariusHenderson 2007: 60, 62, 76, 79, 83; Yantis 2005: 66, 197 [Platnick and Shadab 1980a: 17, mf, desc. (figs 27–30)]

Distribution

Anderson, Angelina, Brazos, Burleson, Houston, Leon, Sabine, Tyler

Locality

Angelina National Forest, Kirby State Forest, Lick Creek Park

Time of activity

Male (March 30-April 27, April – June)

Habitat

(soil/woodland: beech-magnolia forest, disturbed habitat, loblolly pine unmanaged, pine woods [%: 80, 84, 100], post oak savanna with pasture, post oak woods [%: 56, 71], upland woods)

Method

5 gallon bucket trap [m]; flight intercept trap [m]; malaise trap [m]; pitfall trap [m]

Type

Kentucky, near Mammoth Cave

Etymology

Latin, time

Collection

TAMU

Genus Micaria Westring, 1851

Micaria deserticola Gertsch, 1933

Micaria deserticolaBreene et al. 1993c: 16, 47, 86, mf (figs 103A-B); Calixto et al. 2013: 182; Irungu 2007: 30; Jackman 1997: 163; Platnick and Shadab 1988: 59, mf, desc. (figs 150–153)

Micaria sp.; Agnew et al. 1985: 4 [part]; Dean and Sterling 1987: 6 [part]; Young and Edwards 1990: 17 [part]

Distribution

Brewster, Burleson, Colorado, Comanche, Coryell, Hidalgo, Howard, Kenedy

Locality

Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge, Big Bend National Park, Bill Haney Pecan Orchard, Kenedy Ranch

Time of activity

Male (March – August, October); female (March – August, October 26 – November 2, November – December)

Habitat

(crops: cabbage, cotton, peanuts); (orchard: pecan); (soil/woodland: forest litter, post oak savanna with pasture)

Method

pitfall trap [mf]; yellow pan trap [m]

Type

Arizona, Scottsdale

Etymology

Latin, place, deserts (habitat); -cola Latin suffix meaning inhabitant of

Collection

TAMU

Micaria emertoni Gertsch, 1935

Micaria emertoniBroussard and Horner 2006: 254; Jackman 1997: 163; Platnick and Shadab 1988: 56, mf, desc. (figs 142–145); Richman et al. 2011a: 48

Distribution

Brewster, Presidio

Locality

Chihuahuan desert, Dalquest Research Site

Method

pitfall trap [f]

Type

Massachusetts

Etymology

Person (arachnologist)

Collection

MSU

Micaria gertschi Barrows & Ivie, 1942

Micaria gertschiIrungu 2007: 30; Jackman 1997: 163; Knutson et al. 2010: 515; Platnick and Dondale 1992: 52, mf, desc. (figs 64–67); Platnick and Shadab 1988: 12, mf, desc. (figs 14–17)

Distribution

Colorado, Erath, Hidalgo, Howard, Rusk, Scurry

Locality

Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge, Lake Thomas

Time of activity

Male (May, October); female (June, September)

Habitat

(crops: cabbage, peanuts); (soil/woodland: saltcedar, sandy area)

Method

pitfall trap [mf] (in sand [f])

Type

Ohio, Columbus

Etymology

Person (honor arachnologist)

Collection

NMSU, TAMU

Micaria imperiosa Gertsch, 1935

Micaria imperiosaBonnet 1957: 2841; Broussard and Horner 2006: 254; Gertsch 1935b: 16, m, desc. (fig. 37); Jackman 1997: 163; Platnick and Shadab 1988: 43, mf, desc. (figs 106–109); Richman et al. 2011a: 48; Roewer 1955: 630; Vogel 1970b: 6

Distribution

Borden, Culberson, Jeff Davis, Presidio, Terrell

Locality

Chihuahuan desert, Dalquest Research Site

Time of activity

Male (September); female (September – October)

Method

pitfall trap [mf]

Type

Texas (male, Terrell Co., 5 miles E Dryden, summer 1934, S. Mulaik, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Latin, authority

Collection

MSU

Micaria langtry Platnick & Shadab, 1988

Micaria langtryBroussard and Horner 2006: 254; Jackman 1997: 163; Platnick and Shadab 1988: 45, m, desc. (figs 46–47); Richman et al. 2011a: 48

Distribution

Brewster, Presidio, Val Verde

Locality

Big Bend National Park, Chihuahuan desert, Dalquest Research Site

Time of activity

Male (March, June)

Method

pitfall trap [m]; yellow pan trap [m]

Type

Texas (male, Val Verde Co., Langtry, June 3, 1941, S. and D. Mulaik, holotype, AMNH)

[female known but not described, deposited at TAMU]

Etymology

locality (The specific name is a noun in apposition taken from the type locality, Platnick and Shadab 1988).

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Micaria longipes Emerton, 1890

Micaria longipesBreene et al. 1993c: 16, 47, 86, mf (figs 101A-C); Broussard and Horner 2006: 254; Jackman 1997: 116, 163; Platnick and Shadab 1988: 49, mf, desc. (figs 122–125); Richman et al. 2011a: 48; Trevino 2014: 12

Micaria sp.; Agnew et al. 1985: 4 [part]; Dean and Sterling 1987: 6 [part]; Young and Edwards 1990: 17 [part]

Distribution

Widespread; Borden, Brewster, Colorado, Comanche, Coryell, Culberson, Denton, Erath, Frio, Hidalgo, Jeff Davis, Lynn, Presidio, Reeves, San Patricio, Taylor, Tom Green, Travis, Webb

Locality

Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge, Chihuahuan desert, Dalquest Research Site

Time of activity

Male (July – September); female (April, June – July, October)

Habitat

(crops: cotton, peanuts); (soil/woodland: on ground, post oak savanna with pasture, woods)

Method

D-Vac suction [f]; pitfall trap [mf] (in sand in woods [m])

Type

Massachusetts, Medford

Etymology

Latin, cephalothorax twice as long as wide

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Micaria mormon Gertsch, 1935

Micaria mormonJackman 1997: 163; Platnick and Shadab 1988: 17, mf, desc. (figs 26–29)

Distribution

Winkler

Time of activity

Male (June)

Habitat

(grass: perennial broomweed)

Type

Utah, Salt Lake City, City Creek Canyon

Etymology

Latin, religion

Micaria nanella Gertsch, 1935

Micaria nanellaAgnew et al. 1985: 7; Bonnet 1957: 2843; Calixto et al. 2013: 182; Gertsch 1935b: 19, m, desc. (figs 47–48); Jackman 1997: 116, 163, desc.; Platnick and Shadab 1988: 47, mf, desc. (figs 118–121) [see note below]; Roewer 1955: 631; Trevino 2014: 12; Vogel 1970b: 6

Distribution

Bandera, Burleson, Cameron, Colorado, Comanche, Coryell, DeWitt, Erath, Hidalgo, Jim Wells, Kenedy, Kerr, Llano, Nueces, San Patricio, Terrell, Webb

Locality

Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge, Bill Haney Pecan Orchard, Green Island Bird Refuge, Kenedy Ranch, Raven Ranch, Welder Wildlife Refuge

Time of activity

Male (February – September, November – December); female (March – October)

Habitat

(grass: pasture); (orchard: pecan); (soil/woodland: juniper, post oak savanna with pasture, sandy area, savanna, tree bark)

Method

pitfall trap [mf] (in sand [f], under oak); yellow pan trap [m]

Type

Texas (male, Terrell Co., Sanderson, July 4, 1934, S. Mulaik, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Greek, dwarfish

Collection

TAMU

Note

Webb Co.: 54 miles S Laredo is in Nuevo Leon, Mexico based on the map in Platnick and Shadab (1988).

Micaria nye Platnick & Shadab, 1988

Micaria nyeBroussard and Horner 2006: 254; Jackman 1997: 164; Platnick and Shadab 1988: 42, mf, desc. (figs 102–105); Richman et al. 2011a: 48; Trevino 2014: 12

Distribution

Brewster, Burleson, Coryell, Culberson, Erath, Presidio, San Patricio, Starr, Webb

Locality

Big Bend National Park, Chihuahuan desert, Dalquest Research Site, Guadalupe Mountains

Time of activity

Male (March 29 – April 5, April – July, September); female (April – June, September – October)

Habitat

(soil/woodland: post oak savanna with pasture)

Method

pitfall trap [mf]

Type

Nevada, Nye Co., Mercury

Etymology

locality (The specific name is a noun in apposition taken from the type locality, Platnick and Shadab 1988).

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Micaria palliditarsa Banks, 1896

Micaria palliditarsaPlatnick 2000 [spelling]; Trevino 2014: 12

Micaria palliditarsus Banks, 1896; Jackman 1997: 164; Platnick and Shadab 1988: 38, mf, desc. (figs 90–93)

Distribution

Crockett, Edwards, Webb

Time of activity

Female (May – July)

Habitat

(landscape features: under rock)

Type

California, Los Angeles

Etymology

Latin, pale tarsi

Micaria pasadena Platnick & Shadab, 1988

Micaria pasadenaJackman 1997: 164; Platnick and Shadab 1988: 39, mf, desc. (figs 94–97)

Distribution

Hudspeth

Type

California, Pasadena

Etymology

locality (The specific name is a noun in apposition taken from the type locality, Platnick and Shadab 1988).

Micaria pulicaria (Sundevall, 1831)

Micaria pulicariaBradley 2013: 129; Jackman 1997: 164; Platnick and Dondale 1992: 32, mf, desc. (figs 24–27); Platnick and Shadab 1988: 7, mf, desc. (figs 2–5)

Distribution

Howard, Lubbock

Type

Sweden

Etymology

Latin, a flea

Collection

NMSU

Micaria punctata Banks, 1896

Micaria punctataJackman 1997: 164; Platnick and Shadab 1988: 21 [S], mf, desc. (figs 38–41)

Micaria swansoni Gertsch and Mulaik, 1936; Bonnet 1957: 2850; Gertsch and Mulaik 1936b: 21, m, desc. (fig. 29); Roewer 1955: 632; Vogel 1970b: 6

Distribution

Harris, Kerr

Time of activity

Male (August, November); female (August)

Habitat

(grass: pasture); (soil/woodland: juniper, oak)

Method

pitfall trap [mf]

Type

Florida, Punta Gorda

Etymology

Latin, white spots on abdomen

Micaria seminola Gertsch, 1942

Micaria seminolaJackman 1997: 164; Platnick and Shadab 1988: 53, mf, desc. (figs 134–137); Trevino 2014: 12

Distribution

San Patricio, Travis, Webb

Time of activity

Male (March – April, July)

Type

Florida, Saint Augustine

Etymology

Indian tribe in Florida

Micaria triangulosa Gertsch, 1935

Micaria triangulosaAgnew et al. 1985: 4, 10; Bonnet 1957: 2850; Gertsch 1935b: 20, mf, desc. (figs 44–46); Jackman 1997: 116, 164; Platnick and Shadab 1988: 61, mf, desc. (figs 158–161); Roewer 1955: 632; Trevino 2014: 12; Vogel 1970b: 6; Young and Edwards 1990: 17

Distribution

Western 2/3 Texas; Cameron, Clay, Eastland, Ector, Erath, Hays, Hidalgo, Kleberg, San Patricio, Terrell, Tom Green, Webb

Locality

Green Island Bird Refuge, Laguna Madre

Time of activity

Male (March – May, July, September – October); female (February, July, September – November)

Habitat

(crops: peanuts)

Method

pitfall trap [m]

Type

Texas (male, Hidalgo Co., 10 miles SE Edinburg, October 20, 1934, S. Mulaik, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Latin, triangle

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Micaria vinnula Gertsch & Davis, 1936

Micaria vinnulaBonnet 1957: 2850; Breene et al. 1993c: 16, 47, 86, mf (figs 102A-B); Gertsch and Davis 1936: 18, mf, desc. (figs 22–24); Jackman 1997: 116, 164; Platnick and Shadab 1988: 23, mf, desc. (figs 42–45); Roewer 1955: 632; Trevino 2014: 12; Vogel 1970b: 6

Distribution

Central and southeast Texas; Bandera, Bexar, Brazos, Burleson, Coleman, Colorado, Coryell, Harris, Houston, Kerr, Victoria, Webb, Williamson

Locality

Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge, Horne Ranch, Lick Creek Park

Time of activity

Male (February, May – July, December); female (January, March, May – July, October – December)

Habitat

(crops: cotton); (grass: dead grass, pasture)

Method

pitfall trap [mf]

Type

Texas (male, Bexar Co., San Antonio, December 28, 1935, L. I. Davis, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Latin, delightful

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Genus Nodocion Chamberlin, 1922

Nodocion eclecticus Chamberlin, 1924

Nodocion eclecticusJackman 1997: 164; Platnick and Dondale 1992: 256, mf, desc. (figs 399–403); Platnick and Shadab 1980a: 10, mf, desc. (figs 13–16, 31)

Distribution

Knox, Medina, Sutton, Taylor, Wichita, Zavala

Time of activity

Male (January); female (January – February, April, August)

Habitat

(landscape features: under [rock, rock pile]); (orchard: pecan); (soil/woodland: under bark)

Method

irrigation tubing [mf]

Type

Mexico, Sonora, Guaymus

Etymology

Greek, choosing

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Nodocion floridanus (Banks, 1896)

Nodocion floridanusBowen et al. 2004: 189; Breene et al. 1993c: 16, 47, 89, mf (figs 112A-B); Calixto et al. 2013: 182; Dean et al. 1982: 255; Jackman 1997: 164; Li 1990: 137, 142, 144; Lombardini et al. 2005: 1378; Platnick and Dondale 1992: 259, mf, desc. (figs 22–23, 405–409); Platnick and Shadab 1980a: 14 [S], mf, desc. (figs 21–26, 33); Trevino 2014: 12; Tugmon et al. 1990: 44; Young and Edwards 1990: 17; Zolnerowich and Horner 1985: 82

Liodrassus deceptus Gertsch and Mulaik, 1936; Bonnet 1957: 2545; Gertsch and Mulaik 1936a: 12, mf, desc. (figs 22–24); Roewer 1955: 424; Vogel 1970b: 10

Distribution

Eastern 2/3 Texas; Baylor, Burleson, Cameron, Comanche, Grayson, Hidalgo, Jim Wells, Kenedy, Kerr, Robertson, San Patricio, San Saba, Travis, Walker, Webb, Wichita

Locality

Bentsen-Rio Grande Valley State Park, Bill Haney Pecan Orchard, Buddy Adams Pecan Orchard, Ellis Prison Unit, Holmes Pecan Orchard, Lake Corpus Christi State Park, Lake Wichita, Storey Pecan Orchard

Time of activity

Male (April – August, October – December); female (January, April – October)

Habitat

(crops: cotton); (nest/prey: mud dauber nest [m]); (orchard: pecan); (soil/woodland: post oak savanna with pasture, tamarisk bower, under bark)

Method

Boll weevil pheromone trap [f]; cardboard band [mf]; pitfall trap [f]

Type

Florida, Punta Gorda

Etymology

locality (state)

Collection

DMNS, MSU, TAMU

Nodocion rufithoracicus Worley, 1928

Nodocion rufithoracicusAgnew et al. 1985: 4; Jackman 1997: 164; Trevino 2014: 12; Young and Edwards 1990: 17; Zolnerowich and Horner 1985: 83 [Platnick and Shadab 1980a: 6, mf, desc. (figs 5–8)]

Distribution

Brown, Erath, Jeff Davis, Webb, Wichita

Time of activity

Male (March, May, August – September); female (April, June)

Habitat

(crops: peanuts); (landscape features: under rock); (soil/woodland: leaf litter, mixed hardwood leaf litter, on ground)

Method

Berlese funnel [m]

Type

Nebraska, Mitchell

Etymology

Latin, red on thorax

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Nodocion utus (Chamberlin, 1936)

Nodocion utusCokendolpher et al. 2008: 9, 67 [Platnick and Shadab 1980a: 9, mf, desc. (figs 9–12)]

Distribution

Brewster, Carson

Locality

Pantex Plant

Habitat

(grass: grassland)

Method

pitfall trap

Type

Utah, Richfield

Etymology

locality (state)

Collection

MSU, WTAM

Genus Scopoides Platnick, 1989

Scopoides cambridgei (Gertsch & Davis, 1940)

Scopoides cambridgeiBroussard and Horner 2006: 254; Jackman 1997: 164; Platnick 1989: 482 [new generic name]; Richman et al. 2011a: 48

Scopodes cambridgei (Gertsch and Davis, 1940); Platnick and Shadab 1976b: 23, mf, desc. (figs 58–63)

Distribution

Brewster, Hudspeth, Presidio, Terrell, Val Verde

Locality

Big Bend National Park, Big Bend Ranch State Park, Chihuahuan desert, Dalquest Research Site

Time of activity

Male (March, May, August, October); female (March, May, August)

Habitat

(landscape features: under [rock, rock near parking lot]); (soil/woodland: forest litter)

Method

pitfall trap [mf]; yellow pan trap [m]

Type

Mexico, Durango, 1 mile W Lerdo

Etymology

Person (arachnologist)

Collection

MSU, NMSU, TAMU

Genus Scotophaeus Simon, 1893

Scotophaeus blackwalli (Thorell, 1871)

Scotophaeus blackwalliJackman 1997: 164; Reddell and Cokendolpher 2004: 85 [Platnick and Shadab 1977: 41 [T], mf, desc. (figs 123–129)]

Herpyllus blackwalli (Thorell, 1871); Eads et al. 1957: 238; Reddell 1964: 11; Reddell 1961: 13; Reddell 1965: 171; Reddell and Russell 1961: 13; Vogel 1970b: 10

Distribution

Comal, Uvalde

Caves

Comal (Bracken Bat Cave); Uvalde (Frio Bat Cave)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave)

Type

England

Etymology

Person (arachnologist in England)

Collection

TMM

Note

a record from Frio Bat Cave in Uvalde Co. is unconfirmed [Reddell 1965: 171].

Genus Sergiolus Simon, 1891

Sergiolus angustus (Banks, 1904)

Sergiolus angustusJackman 1997: 164; Platnick and Shadab 1981b: 37, mf, desc. (figs 99–103); Zolnerowich and Horner 1985: 83

Distribution

North-central Texas; Kleberg, Wichita

Time of activity

Female (March)

Habitat

(landscape features: rocky hillside, under rock); (plants: Opuntia sp.)

Type

California, San Pedro

Etymology

Latin, narrow

Collection

MSU

Sergiolus bicolor Banks, 1900

Sergiolus bicolorJackman 1997: 164; Platnick and Dondale 1992: 251, mf, desc. (figs 393–398); Platnick and Shadab 1981b: 26 [S], mf, desc. (figs 3–4, 66–71); Trevino 2014: 12; Zolnerowich and Horner 1985: 83

Sergiolus bellior Chamberlin, 1936; Chamberlin 1936b: 4, f, desc. (fig. 17); Roewer 1955: 438

Sergiolus bellion Chamberlin, 1936; Vogel 1970b: 10

Distribution

Goliad, Hidalgo, Kaufman, Kenedy, Tyler, Walker, Webb, Wichita

Locality

Kirby State Forest

Time of activity

Male (April – June, August); female (August – September)

Habitat

(landscape features: under [rock, stone]); (plants: miscellaneous vegetation); (soil/woodland: woods); (structures: house, indoors)

Method

pitfall trap [f]; sweeping [m]

Type

Louisiana, Covington

Etymology

Latin, cephalothorax and abdomen two colors

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Sergiolus capulatus (Walckenaer, 1837)

Sergiolus capulatusJackman 1997: 164; Platnick and Dondale 1992: 243, mf, desc. (figs 369–374); Platnick and Shadab 1981b: 10 [S], mf, desc. (figs 1, 2, 12–17); Yantis 2005: 202

Sergiolus variegatus (Hentz, 1847); Bonnet 1958: 4033; Jones 1936: 69; Vogel 1970b: 10

Distribution

Archer, Brazos, Colorado, Dallas, Denton, Fort Bend, Madison, Sabine, Tyler, Wichita

Locality

Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge, Brazos Bend State Park, Kirby State Forest, Lick Creek Park

Time of activity

Male (April – May, May 19-June 7); female (April 27-May 18)

Habitat

(soil/woodland: beech-magnolia forest, buckeye-sycamore forest, old field, post oak woods [%: 96])

Method

5 gallon bucket trap [m]; flight intercept trap [f]; flight intercept trap on ground [m]; malaise trap [m]; pitfall trap [m]; sweeping [m]

Type

Georgia

Etymology

Latin, handle

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Sergiolus cyaneiventris Simon, 1893

Sergiolus cyaneiventrisJackman 1997: 164; Platnick and Shadab 1981b: 24, mf, desc. (figs 60–65)

Distribution

Galveston, Hays, San Patricio, Tyler, Walker, Waller

Locality

Kirby State Forest

Time of activity

Male (April 27-May 18, May 19-June 7, June)

Habitat

(soil/woodland: Juniperus unmanaged plot)

Method

Flight intercept trap on ground [m]

Type

Florida

Etymology

Latin, color on venter

Sergiolus lowelli Chamberlin & Woodbury, 1929

Sergiolus lowelliAgnew et al. 1985: 4; Breene et al. 1993a: 169; Jackman 1997: 164; Platnick and Shadab 1981b: 15 [S], mf, desc. (figs 30–35); Young and Edwards 1990: 17; Zolnerowich and Horner 1985: 83

Sergiolus segregatus Chamberlin, 1936; Chamberlin 1936b: 5, mf, desc. (figs 11–12); Roewer 1955: 439; Vogel 1970b: 10

Distribution

Archer, Baylor, Caldwell, Cameron, Erath, Gonzales, Hidalgo, Kenedy, Presidio, San Patricio, Travis, Wichita

Locality

Lake Wichita, Padre Island National Seashore, Shipp Farm

Time of activity

Male (January, March – September); female (April, June – October, December)

Habitat

(crops: peanuts); (grass: under board in damp pasture, grass); (nest/prey: bird nest); (objects: on tarpaulin, under tarpaulin); (orchard: citrus); (soil/woodland: ground, in hackberry, leaf litter, tamarisk bower); (structures: in house, in building, indoors)

Method

pitfall trap [m]; sweeping [m]

Type

Utah, St. George

Etymology

Person (collector, Lowell A. Woodbury)

Collection

DMNS, MSU, TAMU

Sergiolus minutus (Banks, 1898)

Sergiolus minutusChamberlin 1922: 153; Jackman 1997: 164; Platnick and Shadab 1981b: 20 [T], mf, desc. (figs 48–53); Vogel 1970b: 10

Poecilochroa minuta Banks, 1898; Banks 1898a: 185, m, desc.; Banks 1910: 8; Comstock 1912: 316, desc.; Petrunkevitch 1911: 146; Roewer 1955: 432

Distribution

Brazos, Shelby

Type

Texas (male, Brazos Co., no date, no collector, holotype, MCZ)

Etymology

Latin, size

Sergiolus montanus (Emerton, 1890)

Sergiolus montanusJackman 1997: 164; Platnick and Shadab 1981b: 28, mf, desc. (figs 72–76)

Distribution

Grayson, Lubbock

Type

New Hampshire, Mt. Washington

Etymology

Latin, montain

Collection

JCC

Sergiolus ocellatus (Walckenaer, 1837)

Sergiolus ocellatusBreene et al. 1993c: 16, 47, 89, mf (figs 111A-C); Dean et al. 1982: 255; Jackman 1997: 164; Platnick and Dondale 1992: 245, mf, desc. (figs 375–380); Platnick and Shadab 1981b: 11 [S, T], mf, desc. (figs 18–23); Trevino 2014: 12; Young and Edwards 1990: 17

Poecilochroa ocellata (Walckenaer, 1837); Kaston 1978: 208; Rapp 1984: 6

Sergiolus decipiens Chamberlin, 1922; Chamberlin 1922: 151, m, desc.; Chamberlin 1936a: 10 [Texas records]; Roewer 1955: 438

Distribution

Anderson, Angelina, Burleson, Galveston, Harrison, Travis, Walker, Webb

Locality

Angelina National Forest, Ellis Prison Unit, Galveston Island State Park, Somerville Lake

Time of activity

Male (May, July – September); female (August)

Habitat

(crops: cotton); (littoral: salt marsh); (soil/woodland: loblolly pine unmanaged)

Method

pitfall trap [m]

Type

Georgia

Etymology

Latin, little eyes, marked with spots

Collection

DMNS, TAMU

Sergiolus stella Chamberlin, 1922

Sergiolus stellaBowen et al. 2004: 189; Broussard and Horner 2006: 254; Chamberlin 1922: 152, f, desc.; Chamberlin 1936a: 8; Jackman 1997: 164; Platnick and Shadab 1981b: 32, mf, desc. (figs 83–87); Richman et al. 2011a: 48; Roewer 1955: 439; Vogel 1970b: 10; Zolnerowich and Horner 1985: 83

Distribution

Brewster, Cameron, Denton, Presidio, Travis, Wichita

Locality

Chihuahuan desert, Dalquest Research Site

Time of activity

Female (March, May, July, September)

Habitat

(landscape features: stony hillside, under rock); (structures: house)

Method

pitfall trap [mf]

Type

Texas (female, Travis Co., Austin, no date, no collector, holotype)

Etymology

Latin, column

Collection

MSU

Sergiolus tennesseensis Chamberlin, 1922

Sergiolus tennesseensisAgnew et al. 1985: 8; Jackman 1997: 164 [Platnick and Shadab 1981b: 34, mf, desc. (figs 88–93)]

Distribution

Erath

Time of activity

Female (August)

Habitat

(soil/woodland: woods)

Method

pitfall trap [f] (in sand in woods [f])

Type

Tennessee, Glenraven

Etymology

locality (state)

Collection

TAMU

Genus Sosticus Chamberlin, 1922

Sosticus insularis (Banks, 1895)

Sosticus insularisBradley 2013: 131; Jackman 1997: 164; Platnick and Dondale 1992: 199, mf, desc. (figs 297–300); Platnick and Shadab 1976b: 11, mf, desc. (figs 19–26); Yantis 2005: 66, 198, 202

Distribution

Brown, Dallas, Houston, Leon, Trinity

Time of activity

Male (April – May); female (April – May)

Habitat

(soil/woodland: pine woods [%: 66, 69, 82, 84, 88], post oak woods [%: 56, 92], under bark)

Method

5 gallon bucket trap [mf]

Type

New York, Long Island, Sea Cliff

Etymology

Latin, from island

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Genus Synaphosus Platnick & Shadab, 1980

Synaphosus paludis (Chamberlin & Gertsch, 1940)

Synaphosus paludisBowen et al. 2004: 189; Breene et al. 1993c: 16, 47, 89, mf (figs 113A-B); Cokendolpher et al. 2008: 9, 22; Dean et al. 1982: 255; Jackman 1997: 164; Platnick and Shadab 1980a: 24, mf, desc. (figs 44–48); Yantis 2005: 198; Young and Edwards 1990: 17

Distribution

Angelina, Brazos, Burleson, Carson, Gonzales, Hidalgo, Houston, Kerr, San Patricio, Walker, Wichita

Locality

Angelina National Forest, Ellis Prison Unit, Lick Creek Park, Palmetto State Park, Pantex Lake, Pantex Plant

Time of activity

Male (March, May – August, August 28 – September 4); female (May 30 – June 8, June – July, July 27 – August 3, August 31 – September 7, September – October)

Habitat

(crops: cotton, sorghum); (grass: grass); (soil/woodland: carrion in palm thicket, loblolly pine unmanaged, pine woods [%: 95], post oak savanna with pasture)

Method

5 gallon bucket trap [m]; pitfall trap [mf]

Type

Georgia, Okefenokee Swamp

Etymology

Latin, a marsh

Collection

MSU, TAMU, WTAM

Synaphosus syntheticus (Chamberlin, 1924)

Synaphosus syntheticusJackman 1997: 164; Platnick and Shadab 1980a: 23, mf, desc. (figs 40–43)

Distribution

Brewster, Dallas

Locality

Big Bend National Park

Time of activity

Male (May); female (May, August)

Habitat

(soil/woodland: cottonwood, mesquite litter, saltcedar); (structures: mule barn, rock and adobe houses)

Type

Mexico, Baja California, Isla Raza

Etymology

Latin, synthetic

Genus Talanites Simon, 1893

Talanites captiosus (Gertsch & Davis, 1936)

Talanites captiosusBreene et al. 1993c: 16, 47, 88, mf (figs 110A-B); Jackman 1997: 164; Platnick and Ovtsharenko 1991: 116 [T]

Drassyllochemmis captiosus Gertsch and Davis, 1936; Bonnet 1956: 1601; Comstock 1940: 591; Gertsch and Davis 1936: 17, m, desc. (fig. 34); Roewer 1955: 620; Vogel 1970b: 6

Rachodrassus captiosus (Gertsch and Davis, 1936); Platnick and Shadab 1976b: 8 [T], mf, desc. (figs 15–18); Zolnerowich and Horner 1985: 83

Distribution

Angelina, Burleson, Cameron, Coleman, Coryell, Houston, San Patricio, Wichita, Williamson

Locality

Horne Ranch, La Gringa Resaca, Stiles Farm Foundation

Time of activity

Male (May – September); female (July – September)

Habitat

(crops: cotton); (objects: under [railroad tie, wood]); (soil/woodland: loblolly pine unmanaged, post oak savanna with pasture)

Method

pitfall trap [m]

Type

Texas (male, Cameron Co., May 1–2, 1936, L. I. Davis, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Latin, deception

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Talanites exlineae (Platnick & Shadab, 1976)

Talanites exlineae Bradley, 2013: 132; Henderson 2007: 34, 54–59, 62, 76, 79, 83; Jackman 1997: 164; Platnick and Ovtsharenko 1991: 116 [T]; Yantis 2005: 66, 198, 202

Rachodrassus exlineae Platnick & Shadab, 1976; Agnew et al. 1985: 8; Platnick and Shadab 1976b: 7, mf, desc. (figs 9–14)

Distribution

Angelina, Brazos, Burleson, Caldwell, Coryell, Erath, Gonzalez, Grayson, Grimes, Houston, Kerr, Leon, Madison, Sabine, Smith, Trinity, Tyler, Wichita, Williamson

Locality

Angelina National Forest, Big Slough Wild Area, Big Thicket National Preserve, Kirby State Forest, Lick Creek Park, Raven Ranch, Stiles Farm Foundation, Texas A&M University Rangeland Area, Tyler State Park

Time of activity

Male (April – August); female (March – August, September 27-October 6)

Habitat

(crops: cotton); (littoral: near pond); (soil/woodland: beech-magnolia litter, disturbed habitat, hardwood bottomland, leaf litter, loblolly pine managed, loblolly pine unmanaged, longleaf pine managed, longleaf pine unmanaged, magnolia litter, pine woods [%: 66, 67, 69, 80, 82, 83, 84, 88, 92, 95], post oak savanna with pasture, post oak woods [%: 41, 44, 56, 71, 91, 93, 96], post oak woodland, sandy area, under [juniper, oak], upland woods)

Method

5 gallon bucket trap [mf]; berlese funnel [f]; carrion trap [m]; flight intercept trap [m]; flight intercept trap on ground [m]; pitfall trap [mf] (near pond [m], under juniper [m], under oak [m])

Type

Arkansas, 1.7 mile S Lapile

Etymology

Person (The specific name is a patronym in honor of the late Harriet Exline, who first recognized the species as new, Platnick and Shadab 1976b).

Collection

DMNS, MSU, TAMU

Genus Trachyzelotes Lohmander, 1944

Trachyzelotes lyonneti (Audouin, 1826)

Trachyzelotes lyonnetiBowen et al. 2004: 189; Irungu 2007: 30; Jackman 1997: 164; Platnick and Murphy 1984: 6 [S], mf, desc. (figs 7–10); Trevino 2014: 12; Zolnerowich and Horner 1985: 83

Nodocion agilis Bryant, 1936; Bonnet 1958: 3105; Bryant 1936: 93, m, desc. (fig. 3); Jones 1936: 69; Roewer 1955: 427; Vogel 1970b: 10

Drassyllus agilis (Bryant, 1936); Kaston 1978: 206

Nodocion zelotoides Chamberlin, 1936; Chamberlin 1936b: 6, f, desc. (fig. 20); Vogel 1970b: 10

Nodocion chamberlini Roewer 1951; Roewer 1955: 427

Distribution

Baylor, Cameron, Dallas, Hidalgo, Kleberg, Potter, San Patricio, Travis, Webb, Wichita

Locality

Bentsen-Rio Grande Valley State Park, Big Bend National Park, Green Island Bird Refuge, Welder Wildlife Refuge

Time of activity

Male (March – May, July – September); female (March 30-April 5, April – May, September, December)

Habitat

(crops: cabbage); (grass: grass); (soil/woodland: ground, live oak forest, woods); (structures: house, mule barn)

Method

carrion trap [m]; pitfall trap [mf] (in woods [m]); snake carrion pit [m]

Type

Egypt or Syria

Etymology

Person (honor arachnologist)

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Genus Urozelotes Mello-Leitão, 1938

Urozelotes rusticus (L. Koch, 1872)

Urozelotes rusticusAgnew et al. 1985: 8; Jackman 1997: 164; Platnick and Murphy 1984: 24 [S, T], mf, desc. (figs 55–58); Trevino 2014: 12; Zolnerowich and Horner 1985: 83

Zelotes rusticus (L. Koch, 1872); Brown 1974: 234

Drassyllus liopus Chamberlin, 1922; Chamberlin 1922: 170, m, desc.; Vogel 1970b: 9

Distribution

Blanco, Dallas, Erath, Garza, Hidalgo, Kleberg, Lubbock, Martin, Medina, Nacogdoches, Parker, Travis, Webb, Wichita

Caves

Blanco (Davis Blowout Cave); Medina (Ney Cave)

Time of activity

Male (May – September); female (May, August)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave); (soil/woodland: debris under banana trees); (structures: house, indoors, on ground near house, on floor in house)

Method

pitfall trap [f]

Type

Italy

Etymology

Latin, rural

Collection

JCC, MSU, TAMU, TMM

Genus Zelotes Gistel, 1848

Note.Trevino (2014: 13) recorded Zelotes pallidus (O. P.-Cambridge, 1874) and Zelotes sula Lowrie and Gertsch, 1955 from Webb Co. Because of the distance between collecting sites for Z. pallidus (California) and Z. sula (Colorado), they are not included in this list. See Platnick and Shadab (1983: 109, 185).

Zelotes aiken Platnick & Shadab, 1983

Zelotes aikenBowen et al. 2004: 190; Cokendolpher et al. 2008: 9, 67; Jackman 1997: 164; Platnick and Shadab 1983: 128, mf, desc. (figs 64–69); Trevino 2014: 12; Zolnerowich and Horner 1985: 83

Distribution

Brazos, Burleson, Carson, Clay, Coryell, Hardeman, Hays, Montague, Walker, Webb, Wichita

Locality

Ellis Prison Unit, Lick Creek Park, Medicine Mounds Ranch, Pantex Plant

Time of activity

Male (March – May, May 30-June 6, July, September); female (April – June, September)

Habitat

(grass: Bermuda grass, grass, grassland, sandy grassland); (landscape features: under rock); (littoral: lake shore); (soil/woodland: Juniperus unmanaged plot, next to cotton field, post oak savanna with pasture)

Method

Flight intercept trap on ground [m]; pitfall trap [mf]

Type

South Carolina, Aiken Co., Savannah River Plant

Etymology

locality (The specific name is a noun in apposition taken from the type locality, Platnick and Shadab 1983).

Collection

MSU, TAMU, WTAM

Zelotes anglo Gertsch & Riechert, 1976

Zelotes angloBowen et al. 2004: 190; Jackman 1997: 164; Platnick and Shadab 1983: 126, mf, desc. (figs 58–63); Zolnerowich and Horner 1985: 83

Distribution

Archer, Burleson, Coryell, Jeff Davis, Presidio, Terrell, Travis, Wichita, Wilbarger

Locality

Big Bend Ranch State Park

Time of activity

Male (April, June 28-July 2, September – October); female (June, September – October)

Habitat

(grass: pasture); (landscape features: under rock); (soil/woodland: post oak savanna with pasture)

Method

pitfall trap [mf]; swine feces pitfall trap [m]

Type

New Mexico, Carizozo

Etymology

Latin, people of European descent in American southwest

Collection

DMNS, MSU, TAMU

Zelotes duplex Chamberlin, 1922

Zelotes duplexHenderson 2007: 34, 55–61, 66, 76, 79, 83; Jackman 1997: 164; Platnick and Dondale 1992: 91, mf, desc. (figs 136–139); Platnick and Shadab 1983: 168, mf, desc. (figs 203–208, 269); Trevino 2014: 12; Yantis 2005: 66, 199, 202

Distribution

Angelina, Brazos, Harris, Hidalgo, Houston, Leon, Madison, Sabine, Trinity, Tyler, Webb

Locality

Angelina National Forest, Kirby State Forest, Lick Creek Park

Time of activity

Male (April – July); female (April 27-May 18, May – July, August 15-September 17, September)

Habitat

(littoral: sedge meadow); (soil/woodland: beech-magnolia forest, disturbed habitat, loblolly pine managed, loblolly pine unmanaged, longleaf pine unmanaged, pine woods [%: 79, 83, 84, 88, 92], post oak woodland, post oak woods [%: 56, 77], sandy area, upland woods)

Method

5 gallon bucket trap [mf]; blue pan trap [m]; flight intercept trap [m]; pitfall trap [mf]

Type

Virginia, Fairfax Co.

Etymology

Latin, double

Collection

TAMU

Zelotes gertschi Platnick & Shadab, 1983

Zelotes gertschiAgnew et al. 1985: 4; Bowen et al. 2004: 190; Calixto et al. 2013: 182; Cokendolpher et al. 2008: 9, 22 (photo 17); Irungu 2007: 30; Jackman 1997: 116, 164; Platnick and Shadab 1983: 131, mf, desc. (figs 76–81); Roberts 2001: 50; Trevino 2014: 12; Young and Edwards 1990: 17; Zolnerowich and Horner 1985: 83

Distribution

Western 2/3 Texas; Archer, Bandera, Brown, Carson, Clay, Comanche, Coryell, Cottle, Erath, Hardeman, Hays, Hidalgo, Kerr, Kimble, Kleberg, Knox, Lubbock, Pecos, Potter, Randall, San Patricio, Travis, Val Verde, Webb, Wichita, Williamson

Locality

Bill Haney Pecan Orchard, Buffalo Lake, Canoncita Ranch, Lake Meredith National Recreation Area, Matador Wildlife Management Area, Medicine Mounds Ranch, Palo Duro Canyon State Park, Pantex Lake (edge), Pantex Plant, Raven Ranch, Stiles Farm Foundation, Wildcat Bluff Nature Center

Time of activity

Male (March – August, October – December); female (February – December)

Habitat

(crops: cabbage, cotton, peanuts); (grass: grassland); (landscape features: on rocky ground, under [rock, stone]); (littoral: playa, edge of pond); (objects: under [board, cardboard, railroad tie]); (orchard: pecan); (soil/woodland: post oak savanna with pasture)

Method

pitfall trap [mf] (edge of pond [mf])

Type

Texas (male, San Patricio Co., 8 miles NE Sinton, August 4, 1960, H. E. Laughlin, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Person (The specific name is a patronym in honor of Dr. Willis J. Gertsch, who first recognized the species as new, Platnick and Shadab 1983).

Collection

DMNS, MSU, TAMU, WTAM

Zelotes hentzi Barrows, 1945

Zelotes hentziBrown 1974: 234; Jackman 1997: 116, 164; Platnick and Dondale 1992: 84, mf, desc. (figs 120–123); Platnick and Shadab 1983: 112, mf, desc. (figs 19–24); Trevino 2014: 12; Yantis 2005: 66, 199, 202

Distribution

Anderson, Angelina, Brazos, Burleson, Collin, Colorado, Coryell, Grimes, Hardin, Harris, Houston, Hunt, Knox, Leon, Madison, Milam, Nacogdoches, San Jacinto, Trinity, Tyler, Walker, Webb, Wichita

Locality

Angelina National Forest, Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge, Kirby State Forest, Lick Creek Park, Texas A&M University Rangeland Area

Time of activity

Male (March – June, August 24-September 28, September – November); female (March – September)

Habitat

(grass: short grass); (landscape features: under rock); (soil/woodland: bottomland hardwood, pine woods [%: 69, 79, 80, 82, 84, 86, 97, 100], post oak woods [%: 41, 56, 74, 77, 80, 84, 85, 92, 94, 96], sandy area, post oak savanna with pasture, longleaf pine unmanaged); (structures: on patio)

Method

5 gallon bucket trap [mf]; pitfall trap [mf]

Type

Ohio, Rockbridge

Etymology

Person (honor arachnologist)

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Zelotes laccus (Barrows, 1919)

Zelotes laccus [Platnick and Shadab 1983: 173, mf, desc. figs (219–224)]

Distribution

Colorado

Locality

Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge

Time of activity

Male (May – June); female (May – June)

Method

pitfall trap [mf]

Type

Ohio, Colombus

Etymology

Latin, milk

Collection

TAMU

Zelotes laetus (O. P.-Cambridge, 1872)

Zelotes laetusFitzPatrick 2007: 108 [S]

Zelotes reformans Chamberlin, 1924; Jackman 1997: 164; Platnick and Shadab 1983: 182, mf, desc. (figs 253–258); Trevino 2014: 13

Distribution

El Paso, Webb

Time of activity

Male (April); female (March-April, July-September)

Type

Jordan

Etymology

Latin, pleasant

Zelotes lasalanus Chamberlin, 1928

Zelotes lasalanusBowen et al. 2004: 190; Broussard and Horner 2006: 254; Cokendolpher et al. 2008: 9, 67; Jackman 1997: 116, 164; Platnick and Dondale 1992: 86, mf, desc. (figs 124–127); Platnick and Shadab 1983: 114, mf, desc. (figs 25–30); Richman et al. 2011a: 48; Trevino 2014: 12

Distribution

Western 2/3 Texas; Bailey, Brewster, Brown, Cameron, Carson, Clay, Colorado, Coryell, Culberson, Dimmit, Ector, Hays, Jeff Davis, Kenedy, Kerr, Kleberg, Presidio, Reeves, Tarrant, Terrell, Travis, Webb, Wichita

Locality

Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge, Chaparral Wildlife Management Area, Chihuahuan desert, Dalquest Research Site, Pantex Plant

Time of activity

Male (March – April, September – October); female (May – June, September, September 11-October 10)

Habitat

(grass: grassland); (soil/woodland: ground, Juniperus managed plot, paloverde upland area, post oak savanna with pasture)

Method

pitfall trap [mf]

Type

Utah, La Sal Mountains

Etymology

locality (mountains)

Collection

MSU, TAMU, WTAM

Zelotes lymnophilus Chamberlin, 1936

Zelotes lymnophilusJackman 1997: 164; Platnick and Shadab 1983: 172, mf, desc. (figs 210, 215–218); Yantis 2005: 199

Distribution

Anderson, Angelina, Coryell, Kerr

Locality

Angelina National Forest, Raven Ranch

Time of activity

Male (April – June); female (May – June)

Habitat

(soil/woodland: longleaf pine managed, pine woods [%: 83, 100], post oak savanna with pasture)

Method

5 gallon bucket trap [mf]; pitfall trap [mf]

Type

Georgia, Okefenokee Swamp

Etymology

Latin, water or lake-loving

Collection

TAMU

Zelotes monachus Chamberlin, 1924

Zelotes monachusTrevino 2014: 13 [Platnick and Shadab 1983: 129, mf, desc. (figs 70–75)]

Distribution

Webb

Type

Mexico, Baja California Norte

Etymology

Greek, solitary

Zelotes monodens Chamberlin, 1936

Zelotes monodensChamberlin 1936b: 9, f, desc. (fig. 36); Jackman 1997: 164; Platnick and Shadab 1983: 179, mf, desc. (figs 243–246); Roewer 1955: 471; Vogel 1970b: 10

Distribution

Hidalgo

Time of activity

Male (April); female (May)

Type

Texas (female, Hidalgo Co., Edinburg, May 2, 1935, S. Mulaik, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Greek, one, L, tooth

Zelotes pseustes Chamberlin, 1922

Zelotes pseustesAgnew et al. 1985: 4; Bonnet 1959: 4944; Bowen et al. 2004: 190; Calixto et al. 2013: 182; Chamberlin 1922: 164, m, desc.; Henderson 2007: 53, 76, 79, 83; Jackman 1997: 116, 164; Platnick and Shadab 1983: 119, mf, desc. (figs 37–42); Reddell and Cokendolpher 2004: 85; Roewer 1955: 471; Trevino 2014: 13; Vogel 1970b: 10; Yantis 2005: 199; Young and Edwards 1990: 17; Zolnerowich and Horner 1985: 83

Zelotes subterraneus (C. Koch, 1833); Chamberlin 1936a: 18; Vogel 1970b: 10 [Texas records]

Distribution

North-central, central, and south Texas; Archer, Baylor, Bexar, Brazos, Brown, Burleson, Comanche, Coryell, Erath, Gonzales, Haskell, Hidalgo, Jeff Davis, Kenedy, Kerr, Kleberg, La Salle, Leon, Nueces, Palo Pinto, Parker, San Patricio, San Saba, Sutton, Travis, Webb, Wichita

Locality

Bentsen-Rio Grande Valley State Park, Bill Haney Pecan Orchard, Chaparral Wildlife Management Area, Kenedy Ranch, Lick Creek Park, Raven Ranch, Santa Ana National Wildlife Refuge, Welder Wildlife Refuge

Caves

Bexar (Vera Cruz Shaft)

Time of activity

Male (January – December); female (January, March – June, June 28-July 2, August, October, October 30-November 6, December)

Habitat

(crops: peanuts); (grass: grass, short grass); (landscape features: cave, under rock); (littoral: edge of pond, sand dune area); (objects: under board); (orchard: pecan); (plants: under dead yucca, Opuntia sp.); (soil/woodland: acacia area, anacua groves, dead leaves, forest, hackberry matte, hackberry woodland, leaf litter, litter, live oak forest, live oak woodland, mesquite woods, post oak savanna with pasture, post oak woods [%: 44, 71], sandy area, sandy brushland, upland woods, woods); (structures: garage)

Method

5 gallon bucket trap [mf]; carrion trap [m]; flight intercept trap [f]; pitfall trap [mf] (edge of pond [m], in dead leaves [m], in leaves [mf], in sand [m], in woods [m]); swine feces pitfall trap [f]

Type

Texas (male, Travis Co., Austin, no date, no collector, holotype, MCZ)

Etymology

Greek, false

Collection

DMNS, MSU, TAMU, TMM

Zelotes tuobus Chamberlin, 1919

Zelotes tuobusBowen et al. 2004: 190; Calixto et al. 2013: 182; Jackman 1997: 164; Platnick and Shadab 1983: 124, mf, desc. (figs 52–57); Trevino 2014: 13; Zolnerowich and Horner 1985: 83

Distribution

Coryell, Robertson, Webb, Wichita

Locality

Holmes Pecan Orchard

Time of activity

Male (April, September – October, October 27 – November 2); female (August – September, October 27 – November 2, December)

Habitat

(landscape features: under rock); (orchard: pecan); (soil/woodland: post oak savanna with pasture)

Method

pitfall trap [mf]

Type

Utah, Fillmore

Etymology

Latin, a tube

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Family Hahniidae Bertkau, 1878

Genus Hahnia C. L. Koch, 1841

Hahnia arizonica Chamberlin & Ivie, 1942

Hahnia arizonicaJackman 1997: 164; Opell and Beatty 1976: 424, mf, desc. (figs 84–88)

Hahnia sanjuanensis Exline, 1938; Opell 1974: 57 [Texas record]

Distribution

Brewster

Locality

Big Bend National Park, Chisos Basin

Time of activity

Female (May)

Type

Arizona, Oak Creek Canyon, 20 miles S Flagstaff

Etymology

locality (state)

Hahnia cinerea Emerton, 1890

Hahnia cinereaAgnew et al. 1985: 7; Bradley 2013: 134; Calixto et al. 2013: 182; Cokendolpher et al. 2008: 9, 68; Jackman 1997: 164; Opell and Beatty 1976: 423, mf, desc. (figs 11–12, 78–83)

Distribution

East Texas; Archer, Brazos, Burleson, Carson, Colorado, Coryell, Erath, Robertson, Travis, Wichita

Locality

5-Eagle Ranch, Holmes Pecan Orchard, NK Ranch, Texas A&M University Rangeland Area

Time of activity

Male (January – April, November); female (January – August, October – November)

Habitat

(grass: grass, grassland); (orchard: pecan); (soil/woodland: dead leaves, forest litter, leaf litter, post oak savanna with pasture)

Method

Berlese funnel [mf]; pitfall trap [mf]

Type

Massachusetts, Swampscott

Etymology

Latin, gray

Collection

MSU, TAMU, TTU

Hahnia flaviceps Emerton, 1913

Hahnia flavicepsAgnew et al. 1985: 7; Cokendolpher and Reddell 2001b: 46; Henderson 2007: 70, 76, 79, 83; Jackman 1997: 164; Opell 1974: 40; Opell and Beatty 1976: 430, mf, desc. (figs 110–113); Reddell and Cokendolpher 2004: 85

Distribution

Archer, Bell, Bexar, Brazos, Burleson, Caldwell, Colorado, Coryell, Dallas, Erath, Gonzales, Hays, Houston, Matagorda, Travis, Tyler, Wichita

Locality

Big Slough Wild Area, Big Thicket National Preserve, Caine’s Ranch, Fort Hood, Lick Creek Park, Palmetto State Park, Texas A&M University Rangeland Area, White Rock Lake

Caves

Bell ([all Fort Hood] Big Crevice, Jagged Walls Cave, Price Pit Cave); Bexar (Stone Oak Parkway Pit); Coryell (Porter Cave [Fort Hood])

Time of activity

Male (January – April, November – December); female (January – July, October – December)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave); (soil/woodland: bottomland forest litter, forest litter, hardwood litter, Juniperus managed plot, leaf litter, old field, post oak savanna with pasture, under oak, upland woods)

Method

Berlese funnel [mf]; pitfall trap [mf] (under oak [f])

Type

New Jersey, Farmingdale

Etymology

Latin, yellow head

Collection

MSU, TAMU, TMM

Genus Neoantistea Gertsch, 1934

Neoantistea agilis (Keyserling, 1887)

Neoantistea agilisGertsch 1934c: 19, mf, desc. (figs 29, 41); Henderson 2007: 32, 62, 67–72, 74, 76, 79, 83; Jackman 1997: 95, 164; Opell 1974: 74; Opell and Beatty 1976: 404, mf, desc. (figs 1–3, 14–21); Rapp 1984: 6; Vogel 1970b: 10

Distribution

Southeast Texas; Brazos, Burleson, Coryell, Galveston, Walker, Waller, Wichita

Locality

5-Eagle Ranch, Lick Creek Park

Time of activity

Male (February 15-March 15, March – April, June, August, August 15-September 17, September 17-October 20, October, October 20-November 15, November, 21, December 21-January 15); female (March, March 30-April 6, October)

Habitat

(littoral: near water); (soil/woodland: disturbed habitat, post oak savanna, post oak savanna with pasture, post oak woodland, sandy area, upland woods)

Method

pitfall trap [mf]

Type

South Dakota, Fort Stevenson

Etymology

Latin, agile

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Neoantistea alachua Gertsch, 1946

Neoantistea alachua [Opell and Beatty 1976: 413, mf, desc. (figs 58–61)]

Distribution

Nacogdoches

Time of activity

Female (October)

Habitat

(web: in web on ground)

Type

Florida, Alachua Co., 5 miles W Gainesville

Etymology

locality (county)

Collection

TAMU

Neoantistea mulaiki Gertsch, 1946

Neoantistea mulaikiAgnew et al. 1985: 4, 9; Breene et al. 1993c: 16, 47, 89, mf (figs 115A-B); Calixto et al. 2013: 182; Cokendolpher et al. 2008: 9, 22; Dean et al. 1982: 254; Gertsch 1946b: 34, mf, desc. (pl. 1, figs 5–6); Irungu 2007: 30; Jackman 1997: 164; Opell 1974: 112 [see note below]; Opell and Beatty 1976: 409, mf, desc. (figs 38–41); Reddell and Cokendolpher 2004: 85; Vogel 1967: 86; Vogel 1970b: 10; Young and Edwards 1990: 17

Neoantistea sp. nr riparia (Keyserling, 1887); Irungu 2007: 30 [misidentified]

Distribution

Central, east, and south Texas; Archer, Bexar, Blanco, Brazos, Burleson, Cameron, Carson, Colorado, Comanche, Erath, Galveston, Hidalgo, Kendall, Kerr, La Salle, Llano, Montgomery, Victoria, Walker, Williamson, Zapata

Locality

Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge, Bill Haney Pecan Orchard, Browning Ranch, Ellis Prison Unit, Green Island Bird Refuge, Pantex Lake, Stiles Farm Foundation

Caves

Bexar (Droll Cave, Obvious Little Cave)

Time of activity

Male (March – October, December); female (January, April – November)

Habitat

(crops: cabbage, cotton, peanuts); (grass: grassland); (landscape features: cave); (littoral: near playa); (nest/prey: mud dauber nest [f]); (orchard: pecan); (soil/woodland: post oak savanna with pasture)

Method

pitfall trap [mf]

Type

Mexico, Monterrey

Etymology

Person (collector of paratypes in Texas, Stanley Mulaik)

Collection

MSU, TAMU, TMM

Note

32 miles SE Laredo is in Zapata Co., not Webb Co.

Neoantistea oklahomensis Opell & Beatty, 1976

Neoantistea oklahomensisHenderson 2007: 32, 52, 61, 67–73, 76, 79, 83; Jackman 1997: 164; Yantis 2005: 66, 201 [Opell and Beatty 1976: 409, mf, desc. (figs 42–45)]

Distribution

Angelina, Brazos, Burleson, Colorado, Coryell, Grimes, Madison, Trinity, Tyler, Walker

Locality

Angelina National Forest, Kirby State Forest, Lick Creek Park, Texas A&M University Rangeland Area

Time of activity

Male (January – February, July, August 15-September 17, September – December); female (January – May, May 27-June 15, September 23-October 2, October – December)

Habitat

(soil/woodland: bottomland forest litter, disturbed habitat, forest litter, leaf litter, loblolly pine unmanaged, longleaf pine unmanaged, pine woods [%: 66, 77, 97], post oak savanna with pasture, post oak woods [%: 60, 84, 94, 100], post oak woodland, upland woods)

Method

5 gallon bucket trap [mf]; berlese funnel [mf]; flight intercept trap [f]; pitfall trap [mf]

Type

Oklahoma, near Ripley

Etymology

locality (The name of this species is derived from the state where the type specimens were collected, Opell and Beatty 1976).

Collection

TAMU

Family Hersiliidae Thorell, 1870
Genus Neotama Baehr & Baehr, 1993

Neotama mexicana (O. P.-Cambridge, 1893)

Neotama mexicanaBradley 2013: 135; Cutler 2005b: 116, 117; Rheims and Brescovit 2004: 211 [T], mf, desc. (figs 55–61)

Tama mexicana O. P.-Cambridge, 1893; Comstock 1940: 634, desc. (figs 709–710); Gertsch 1935a: 20; Jackman 1997: 46, 164 (photo 15); Roth 1982: 22–1; Roth 1985: B-18–1; Roth 1994: 103; Vogel 1970b: 10

Distribution

Cameron, Hidalgo

Locality

Bentsen-Rio Grande Valley State Park, Sabal Palm Audubon Sanctuary

Time of activity

Male (March, September – November); female (March, July, September – October)

Habitat

(nest/prey: mud dauber nest [m]); (soil/woodland: palm forest, tree trunk at night [mf])

Method

Beating [mf]

Type

Mexico

Etymology

locality (country)

Collection

NMSU, TAMU

Family Leptonetidae Simon, 1890

Note. Tayshaneta microps (Gertsch, 1974) and Tayshaneta myopica (Gertsch, 1974), are federally endangered species (listed as Neoleptoneta by US Fish and Wildlife Service 2010).

Note. species incorrectly reported from Texas

Leptoneta californica Banks, 1904; Gertsch 1935a: 21; Roewer 1942: 313; Vogel 1970b: 11 [Texas records]

Genus Chisoneta Ledford & Griswold, 2011

Chisoneta chisosea (Gertsch, 1974)

Chisoneta chisoseaLedford et al. 2011: 339, 371 [T]

Leptoneta chisosea Gertsch, 1974; Gertsch 1974: 175, f, desc. (figs 59, 121)

Neoleptoneta chisosea (Gertsch, 1974); Brignoli 1977: 216 [T]; Jackman 1997: 164

Distribution

Brewster

Locality

Big Bend National Park, Chisos Basin, Chisos Mountains

Time of activity

Female (September, November)

Habitat

(landscape features: ground detritus in ravine)

Type

Texas (female, Brewster Co., Big Bend National Park, Chisos Mountains, September 28, 1950, W. J. Gertsch, holotype, AMNH)

[male unknown]

Etymology

locality (Named for Chisos Mountains of Texas, Gertsch 1974).

Genus Darkoneta Ledford & Griswold, 2010

Darkoneta garza (Gertsch, 1974)

Darkoneta garza Ledford and Griswold, 2010: 16 [T]

Archoleptoneta garza Gertsch, 1974; Gertsch 1974: 201, f, desc.; Jackman 1997: 164; Ledford et al. 2005: 123

Distribution

Garza

Time of activity

Female (October)

Type

Texas (female, Garza Co., 7 miles E Justiceburg, October 12, 1972, V. Roth, B. Firstman, holotype, AMNH)

[male unknown]

Etymology

locality (Named for Garza County, Texas, Gertsch 1974).

Genus Tayshaneta Ledford & Griswold, 2011

nomen dubium

Leptoneta furtiva Gertsch, 1974; Gertsch 1974: 176; Jackman 1997: 164; Ledford et al. 2012: 26

Leptoneta uvaldea Gertsch, 1974; Gertsch 1974: 172; Ledford et al. 2012: 26

Tayshaneta anopica (Gertsch, 1974)

Tayshaneta anopicaLedford et al. 2011: 340–341, 375–376, 386 [T]; Ledford et al. 2012: 28, m, desc. (figs 2D, 12A–F, 33A–F, 52A–B)

Leptoneta spp.; Reddell 1965: 172 [part]

Leptoneta anopica Gertsch, 1974; Gertsch 1974: 172, f, desc. (figs 51, 78); Gertsch 1979: 151

Neoleptoneta anopica (Gertsch, 1974); Brignoli 1977: 216 [T]; Culver et al. 2003: 464; Gertsch 1992: 78; Jackman 1997: 164; Ledford et al. 2005: 123; SWCA Environmental Consultants 2007: 1–2, 3–32

Distribution

Williamson

Caves

Williamson (Cobb Cavern [=Cobb’s Caverns], Corn Cobb’s Cave)

Time of activity

Male (March, September); female (March, July, October – November)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave)

Type

Texas (female, Williamson Co., Cobb Cave (= Cobb’s Cavern), March 31, 1963, J. Reddell, D. Mc Kenzie, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Greek, without eyes

Collection

TMM, TTU

Note

Cobb Cave is also known as Cobb’s Caverns and located on Cobb Ranch in northern Williamson County.

Tayshaneta archambaulti Ledford et al., 2012

Tayshaneta archambaultiLedford et al. 2012: 30, mf, desc. (figs 13A–F, 34A–F, 52C)

Distribution

Hays

Caves

Hays (Burnett Ranch Cave, Grapevine Cave)

Time of activity

Male (April – May, November); female (April, November)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave)

Type

Texas (male, Hays Co., Grapevine Cave, Nov. 18, 2009, J. Ledford, K. O’Connor, holotype, CASC)

Etymology

Person (This species is named in honor of Martin Archambault, fellow caver and friend who helped collect many leptonetids in Texas and Mexico, Ledford et al. 2012).

Collection

TMM

Tayshaneta bullis (Cokendolpher, 2004)

Tayshaneta bullisLedford et al. 2011: 340–341, 376–377, 386 [T]; Ledford et al. 2012: 32 (figs 14A.F, 35A.F, 52D)

Neoleptoneta bullis Cokendolpher, 2004; Cokendolpher 2004c: 65, mf, desc. (figs 1–9); Reddell and Cokendolpher 2004: 85

Distribution

Bexar, Hays, Kerr

Locality

Camp Bullis

Caves

Bexar (Hill’s and Dale’s Pit, Up the Creek Cave [Camp Bullis]); Hays (Pulpit Cave)

Time of activity

Male (January, September – November); female (January, March, August – November)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave)

Type

Texas (male, Bexar Co., Up the Creek Cave, Camp Bullis, September 10, 1998, J. Cokendolpher, J. Reddell, J. Krejca, M. Reyes, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

locality (The specific name is a noun in apposition taken from the type locality, Camp Bullis, Cokendolpher 2004c).

Collection

TMM, TTU

Tayshaneta coeca (Chamberlin & Ivie, 1942)

Tayshaneta coecaLedford et al. 2011: 337, 340–341, 377–380, 386 [T] (figs 13A–F 17A–F, 31); Ledford et al. 2012: 34 (figs 10C, 15A–F, 36A–F, 52E)

Leptoneta spp.; Reddell 1965: 172 [part]

Leptoneta coeca Chamberlin and Ivie, 1942; Chamberlin and Ivie 1942: 10, m, desc. (fig. 9); Gertsch 1974: 170, mf, desc. (figs 50, 67–68, 80); Nicholas 1960: 156; Reddell 1965: 172; Vogel 1967: 87; Vogel 1970b: 11

Neoleptoneta coeca (Chamberlin and Ivie, 1942); Brignoli 1977: 216 [T]; Culver et al. 2003: 464; Gertsch 1992: 78; Jackman 1997: 164; Reddell and Cokendolpher 2004: 85

Tayshaneta undet.; Ledford et al. 2011: 342 [part]

Distribution

Comal, Hays, Travis, Williamson

Caves

Comal (Brehmmer Cave [=Heidrich’s Cave], Coreth Bat Cave, Natural Bridge Caverns); Hays (Freeman Crawl, Hackberry Cave, McCarty Cave, McGlothlin Sink, Root Beard Cave, Wiseman’s Sink, Wiseman’s Sink No. 2); Williamson (Flat Rock Cave, Prairie’s Flats Cave)

Time of activity

Male (January, March – June, October); female (January – May, July, September – November)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave)

Type

Texas (male, Comal Co., Brehmmer Cave, June 20, 1938, no collector, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Latin, blind, hidden

Collection

TMM, TTU

Tayshaneta concinna (Gertsch, 1974)

Tayshaneta concinnaLedford et al. 2011: 340–341, 380–381, 386 [T]; Ledford et al. 2012: 36 (figs 16A–C, 37A–F, 52F)

Leptoneta sp.; Reddell 1965: 171

Leptoneta concinna Gertsch, 1974; Gertsch 1974: 169, mf, desc. (figs 52, 71–72, 76)

Neoleptoneta concinna (Gertsch, 1974); Brignoli 1977: 216 [T]; Culver et al. 2003: 464; Gertsch 1992: 78; Jackman 1997: 164

Distribution

Travis

Caves

Travis (County Line Bat Cave, Lost Gold Cave, Seibert Sink [Stinkin Sink], Stark’s North Mine)

Time of activity

Male (May, November); female (January, March, May, August – September, November)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave)

Type

Texas (female, Travis Co., Lost Gold Cave, May 27, 1963, J. Reddell, B. Frank, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Latin, pleasing

Collection

TMM, TTU

Tayshaneta devia (Gertsch, 1974)

Tayshaneta deviaLedford et al. 2011: 340–341, 381, 385, 386 [T]; Ledford et al. 2012: 38, m, desc. (figs 11B, C, 17A–E, 31B, 32B, 38A–F, 53A)

Leptoneta spp.; Reddell 1965: 172 [part]

Leptoneta devia Gertsch, 1974; Gertsch 1974: 171, f, desc. (figs 54, 81)

Neoleptoneta devia (Gertsch, 1974); Brignoli 1977: 216 [T]; Culver et al. 2003: 464; Gertsch 1992: 78; Jackman 1997: 164

Distribution

Travis, Williamson

Caves

Travis (9K-2 Cave [=Moonmilk Cave], Brewpot Sink, Hammett’s Crossing, MacDonald Cave [=Schultz Cave], Stovepipe Cave, Tooth Cave surface); Williamson (Village Idiot Cave)

Time of activity

Male (February, September – November); female (January – February, April, August – November)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave); (soil/woodland: leaf litter)

Method

sifting [mf]

Type

Texas (female, Travis Co., Schulze Cave, August 21, 1963, W. Russell, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Latin, devius, out of the way

Collection

TMM

Tayshaneta emeraldae Ledford et al., 2012

Tayshaneta emeraldaeLedford et al. 2012: 40, mf, desc. (figs 18A–F, 39A–F, 53B)

Distribution

Val Verde

Caves

Val Verde (Emerald Sink)

Time of activity

Male (November); female (November)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave)

Type

Texas (male, Val Verde Co., Emerald Sink, November 3, 1984, J. Reddell, M. Reyes, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

locality (The species name is taken in apposition to the type locality, Ledford et al. 2012).

Tayshaneta fawcetti Ledford et al., 2012

Tayshaneta fawcettiLedford et al. 2012: 42 [S], mf, desc. (figs 2B, 19A–F, 31D, 32D, 40A–F, 53C)

Leptoneta spp.; Reddell 1965: 172 [part]

Leptoneta valverdaeGertsch 1974; Gertsch 1974: 174, mf, desc.

Tayshaneta valverdae (Gertsch, 1974); Ledford et al. 2011: 337

Distribution

Val Verde

Caves

Val Verde (Fawcett’s Cave [Devil’s River State Natural Area])

Time of activity

Male (November); female (April, November)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave)

Type

Texas (male, Val Verde Co., Fawcett’s Cave, Devil’s River State Natural Area, November 10, 2009, J. Ledford, J. Kennedy, M. Sanders, T. Garot, K. Wardlaw, holotype, CASC)

Etymology

locality (The species name is taken in apposition to the type locality and honors the Fawcett family, who owned Fawcett’s Cave and the surrounding Fawcett Ranch prior to its transition as a State Natural Area in 1988, Ledford et al. 2012).

Collection

TMM

Tayshaneta grubbsi Ledford et al., 2012

Tayshaneta grubbsiLedford et al. 2012: 45, m, desc. (figs 20A–C, 32E, 41A–F)

Distribution

Val Verde

Caves

Val Verde (Litterbarrel Cave)

Time of activity

Male (September)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave)

Type

Texas (male, Val Verde Co., Litterbarrel Cave, September 1, 1974, S. Sweet, M. Reaka, holotype, AMNH)

[female unknown]

Etymology

Person (This species is named in honor of Andy Grubbs, a remarkable collector of several new Tayshaneta species throughout Texas, Ledford et al. 2012).

Tayshaneta madla Ledford et al., 2012

Tayshaneta madlaLedford et al. 2012: 45, mf, desc. (figs 21A–C, 31F, 32F, 42A–F, 53D)

Distribution

Bexar

Caves

Bexar (Cave No. 18, Cave No. 189, Madla’s Cave, Madla’s Drop, Scorpion Cave, Young Cave No. 1)

Time of activity

Male (January, March, June, September, December); female (January, March, June, December)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave)

Type

Texas (male, Bexar Co., Madla’s Cave, December 18, 2003, K. White, holotype, CASC)

Etymology

locality (This species name is taken in apposition to the type locality and honors the Madla family, owners of Madla’s Cave and the surrounding property, Ledford et al. 2012).

Collection

TMM, TTU

Tayshaneta microps (Gertsch, 1974)

Tayshaneta micropsLedford et al. 2011: 340, 385, 386 [T]; Ledford et al. 2012: 48, m, desc. (figs 10A–B, 22A–F, 31C, 32C, 43A–F, 53E)

Leptoneta sp.; Reddell 1970: 405

Leptoneta microps Gertsch, 1974; Gertsch 1974: 172, f, desc. (figs 53, 77)

Neoleptoneta microps (Gertsch, 1974); Brignoli 1977: 216 [T]; Culver et al. 2003: 464; Federal Register 1998: 71855–71856, 71858, 71860, 71866; Federal Register 2000: 81419–81421, 81425, 81428, 81433; Federal Register 2002: 55064, 55067, 55073–55074, 55086–55087, 55089; Federal Register 2003: 17156–17158, 17176, 17191; Gertsch 1992: 78; Jackman 1997: 164, 171; NABN 2001: 8; Reddell and Cokendolpher 2004: 86; SWCA Environmental Consultants 2007: 3

Distribution

Bexar

Caves

Bexar (Government Canyon Bat Cave)

Time of activity

Male (March, November); female (March – May, August)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave)

Type

Texas (female, Bexar Co., Government Canyon Bat Cave, August 11, 1965, J. Reddell, J. Fish, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Greek, small and small eyed

Collection

TMM, TTU

Tayshaneta myopica (Gertsch, 1974)

Tayshaneta myopicaLedford et al. 2011: 337, 340–341, 374, 385–386 [T] (figs 30A-D); Ledford et al. 2012: 50 (figs 2A, 2C, 10D, 10E, 11A, 23A–F, 44A–F, 53F)

Leptoneta spp.; Reddell 1965: 172 [part]

Leptoneta myopica Gertsch, 1974; Gertsch 1974: 168, mf, desc. (figs 48–49, 56, 61–62, 65–66, 73); SWCA Environmental Consultants 2007: 3

Neoleptoneta myopica (Gertsch, 1974); Bradley 2013: 137; Brignoli 1977: 216 [T]; Culver et al. 2003: 464; Gertsch 1992: 78; Jackman 1997: 164, 171

Distribution

Travis, Williamson

Caves

Travis (Cortaña Cave, Gallifer Cave, Geode Cave, Jester Estate’s Cave, McNeil Bat Cave, New Comanche Trail Cave, Root Cave, Steiner Telephone Pole Cave, Tight Pit, Tooth Cave); Williamson (Goat Cave, McNeil Bat Cave, Steiner Telephone Pole Cave)

Time of activity

Male (January – April, June – October); female (January – March, May – October)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave)

Type

Texas (male, Travis Co., Tooth Cave, March 30, 1965, J. Reddell, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Greek, nearsighted

Collection

TMM, TTU

Tayshaneta oconnorae Ledford et al., 2012

Tayshaneta oconnoraeLedford et al. 2012: 53, m, desc. (figs 24A-C, 45A-F)

Distribution

Hays

Caves

Hays (Cathy’s Cave, Fern Cave)

Time of activity

Male (March, May)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave)

Type

Texas (male, Hays Co., Fern Cave, May 26, 1989, A. Grubbs, J. Reddell, M. Reyes, holotype, AMNH)

[female unknown]

Etymology

Person (This species is named in honor of Kathleen O’ Connor, fellow caver and biologist who helped collect many exciting Tayshaneta specimens, Ledford et al. 2012).

Tayshaneta paraconcinna (Cokendolpher & Reddell, 2001)

Tayshaneta paraconcinnaLedford et al. 2011: 337, 340–341, 385–386 [T]; Ledford et al. 2012: 55 (figs 25A–F, 31A, 32A, 46A–F, 54A)

Neoleptoneta paraconcinna Cokendolpher and Reddell, 2001; Cokendolpher and Reddell 2001b: 46, mf, desc. (figs 12–22)

Distribution

Bell, Blanco, Burnet, Travis, Williamson

Locality

Flat Creek Ranch, Fort Hood, Moon Rocks Ranch, Pedernales State Park

Caves

Bell ([all in Fort Hood] Camp 6 Cave No. 1, Figure 8 Cave, Hidden Pit Cave, Peep in the Deep Cave, Talking Crows Cave); Williamson (Fissure F-8 [The Sanctuary], Lizard’s Lounge Cave [F-11], On Campus Cave, Salt Lick Cave [The Sanctuary], Scoot Over Cave, Serta Cave, Short Stack Cave, Three Miles Cave [= Three Mile Bat Cave], Twin Springs Cave [= Whitney West Cave])

Time of activity

Male (January, April – May, August, October – December); female (January, March – June, August – December)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave)

Type

Texas (male, Bell Co., Peep in the Deep Cave, May 8, 1998, J. Reddell, M. Reyes, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Greek, near concinna (similar species, Neoleptoneta concinna (Gertsch, 1974))

Collection

TMM, TTU

Tayshaneta sandersi Ledford et al., 2012

Tayshaneta sandersiLedford et al. 2012: 57, mf, desc. (figs 26A–C, 47A–F, 54B)

Distribution

Travis

Caves

Travis (District Park Cave, Slaughter Creek Cave, Whirlpool Cave)

Time of activity

Male (March); female (November)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave)

Type

Texas (female, Travis Co., District Park Cave, November 19, 2009, J. Ledford, M. Sanders, holotype, CASC)

Etymology

Person (This species is named in honor of Mark Sanders, fellow caver, biologist, and collector of several Tayshaneta species in Texas, Ledford et al. 2012).

Collection

TMM

Tayshaneta sprousei Ledford et al., 2012

Tayshaneta sprouseiLedford et al. 2012: 59, m, desc. (figs 27A–C, 48A–F)

Distribution

Bexar

Locality

Camp Bullis

Caves

Bexar (Breached Dam Cave, Constant Sorrow Cave)

Time of activity

Male (March, November)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave)

Type

Texas (male, Bexar Co., Constant Sorrow Cave, Camp Bullis, March 6, 2001, G. Veni, holotype, AMNH)

[female unknown]

Etymology

Person (This species is named in honor of Peter Sprouse, fellow caver, biologist and collector of several Tayshaneta species in Texas caves, Ledford et al. 2012).

Collection

TMM

Tayshaneta valverdae (Gertsch, 1974)

Tayshaneta valverdaeLedford et al. 2011: 337, 341, 385–386 [T] (fig. 1D); Ledford et al. 2012: 60 (figs 28A–F, 49A–F, 54C)

Leptoneta spp.; Reddell 1965: 172 [part]

Leptoneta valverdae Gertsch, 1974; Gertsch 1974: 173, mf, desc. (figs 57–58, 69–70, 75)

Neoleptoneta valverdae (Gertsch, 1974); Brignoli 1977: 216 [T]; Culver et al. 2003: 464; Gertsch 1992: 78; Jackman 1997: 164

Distribution

Bandera, Uvalde, Val Verde

Locality

Love Creek Ranch, Marneldo Ranch

Caves

Bandera (Harvestman Cave [Hill Country State Natural Area], Melanie’s Cave [Hill Country State Natural Area]); Uvalde (Big Fucking Snake Cave); Val Verde (Oriente Milestone Molasses Bat Cave)

Time of activity

Male (January, April, June – July, October); female (June – July, October)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave)

Type

Texas (male, Val Verde Co., Oriente Milestone Molasses Bat Cave, January 25, 1964, J. Reddell, D. McKenzie, J. Porter, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

locality (Named for Val Verde County, Texas, Gertsch 1974).

Collection

TMM

Tayshaneta vidrio Ledford et al., 2012

Tayshaneta vidrioLedford et al. 2012: 62, mf, desc. (figs 29A–C, 31E, 50A–F, 54D)

Distribution

Brewster

Caves

Brewster (400 Foot Cave)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave)

Type

Texas (male, Brewster Co., 400 Foot Cave, Glass Mountains, no date, no collector, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

locality (This species name is derived from the Spanish name for the Glass Mountains “Sierra del Vidrio” in West Texas. The name is to be treated as a noun in apposition, Ledford et al. 2012).

Tayshaneta whitei Ledford et al., 2012

Tayshaneta whiteiLedford et al. 2012: 63, mf, desc. (figs 30A–F, 51A–F, 54E)

Distribution

Bexar, Medina

Caves

Bexar (Caracol Creek Coon Cave, Cave site #801, Lithic Ridge Cave [Government Canyon State Natural Area]); Medina (Medina Dam Cave, Nisbet Cave)

Time of activity

Male (March, November); female (March, June, November)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave)

Type

Texas (male, Bexar Co., Lithic Ridge Cave, Government Canyon State Natural Area, November 6, 2002, Engelhard, J. Krejca, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Person (This species is named in honor of Kemble White, fellow caver, geologist and collector of many Tayshaneta species in Texas, Ledford et al. 2012).

Collection

TMM

Family Linyphiidae Blackwall, 1859

Note. species incorrectly reported from Texas

Agyneta fabra (Keyserling, 1886); Buckle et al. 2001: 100; Dupérré 2013: 120 [not in Texas]

Meioneta fabra (Keyserling, 1886); Jackman 1997: 165; Kaston 1953: 206; Kaston 1972: 124; Kaston 1978: 120; Roth 1988: 42

Erigone fabra Keyserling, 1886; Marx 1890: 533; Petrunkevitch 1911: 234

Ceraticelus minutus Emerton, 1882; Glick 1957: 5 [not in Texas]

Ceratinopsis interpres (O. P.-Cambridge, 1874) [not in Texas]

Erigone interpres (O. P.-Cambridge, 1874); Marx 1890: 534 [not in Texas]

Lepthyphantes minutus (Blackwall, 1833); Jones 1936: 69; Vogel 1970b: 12 [not in Texas]

Scylaceus pallidus (Emerton, 1882) [not in Texas]

Erigone minutissima Keyserling, 1886; Banks 1910: 31; Petrunkevitch 1911: 236 [not in Texas]

Genus Agyneta Hull, 1911

Agyneta chiricahua Dupérré, 2013

Agyneta chiricahuaDupérré 2013: 107, mf, desc. (figs 336–345)

Meioneta sp. nr llanoensis (Gertsch and Davis, 1936); Calixto et al. 2013: 182, 186–187 [part]; Henderson 2007: 29, 77, 80, 83 [part]

Meioneta sp. nr unimaculata (Banks, 1892); Calixto et al. 2013: 182 [part]; Henderson 2007: 55 [part]; Irungu 2007: 31

Meioneta sp.; Agnew et al. 1985: 3 [part]

Distribution

Bandera, Bexar, Brazos, Brooks, Burleson, Colorado, Comanche, Coryell, Erath, Fayette, Hidalgo, Houston, Robertson, San Patricio, Starr, Titus, Walker, Williamson

Locality

Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge, Bill Haney Pecan Orchard, Ellis Prison Unit, Holmes Pecan Orchard, Lick Creek Park, NK Ranch, Stiles Farm Foundation

Time of activity

Male (January, April – December); female (April – December)

Habitat

(crops: cabbage, cotton, peanuts); (orchard: pecan); (soil/woodland: post oak savanna with pasture, post oak woodland, rotten logs, upland woods)

Method

D-Vac suction [m]; malaise trap [m]; pitfall trap [mf]; suction trap [mf]; sweeping [m]

Type

Arizona, Cochise Co., Chiricahua Mountains

Etymology

locality (The specific name is a noun in apposition taken from the type locality Chiricahua Mountains, Arizona, USA, Dupérré 2013).

Collection

TAMU, TMM

Agyneta crista Dupérré, 2013

Agyneta cristaDupérré 2013: 113, mf, desc. (figs 361–367)

Meioneta sp. nr llanoensis (Gertsch and Davis, 1936); Calixto et al. 2013: 182, 186–187 [part]

Meioneta sp.; Agnew et al. 1985: 3 [part]; Calixto et al. 2013: 182 [part]

Distribution

Brazos, Burleson, Comanche, Coryell, Erath, Kendall, Robertson

Locality

5-Eagle Ranch, Bill Haney Pecan Orchard, Holmes Pecan Orchard, NK Ranch

Time of activity

Male (March – December); female (May – June, August, December)

Habitat

(crops: peanuts); (orchard: pecan); (soil/woodland: post oak savanna with pasture)

Method

pitfall trap [mf]

Type

Utah, 6 miles N Greenriver

Etymology

Latin, rooster-comb, in reference to the shape of the embolus prong

Collection

TAMU

Agyneta flax Dupérré, 2013

Agyneta flaxDupérré 2013: 89, mf, desc. (figs 265–273)

Meioneta sp. nr llanoensis (Gertsch and Davis, 1936); Calixto et al. 2013: 182, 186–187 [part]

Distribution

Bastrop, Cameron, Comanche, Coryell, Fayette, Hidalgo, Montague, San Patricio, Starr, Travis

Locality

Bastrop State Park, Bill Haney Pecan Orchard, Sabal Palm Audubon Sanctuary

Caves

Travis (Three-Holer Cave)

Time of activity

Male (March – November); female (February – May, July – September, November)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave); (soil/woodland: oak-pine litter, post oak savanna with pasture)

Method

Berlese funnel [f]; pitfall trap [m]

Type

Arizona, Cochise Co., Chiricahua Mountains

Etymology

noun in apposition, sickle-shaped lamella characteristica

Collection

TAMU, TMM

Agyneta llanoensis (Gertsch & Davis, 1936)

Agyneta llanoensisBuckle et al. 2001: 100; Calixto et al. 2013: 182; Dupérré 2013: 17, 130, mf, desc. (figs 425–431); Paquin et al. 2009: 39 [T], mf, desc. (figs 1–11, 25–26); Reddell and Cokendolpher 2004: 87

Meioneta llanoensis (Gertsch and Davis, 1936); Cokendolpher and Reddell 2001b: 51; Jackman 1997: 165; Roth 1988: 42

Microneta llanoensis Gertsch and Davis, 1936; Bonnet 1957: 2900; Gertsch and Davis 1936: 11, m, desc. (figs 14–16); Roewer 1942: 522; Vogel 1970b: 12

Meioneta sp. nr llanoensis (Gertsch and Davis, 1936); Calixto et al. 2013: 186–187 [part]; Henderson 2005: 29, 77, 80, 83 [part]

Meioneta sp. nr unimaculata (Banks,1892); Calixto et al. 2013: 182 [part]

Meioneta sp.; Agnew et al. 1985: 3 [part]

Distribution

Angelina, Bandera, Bell, Bexar, Blanco, Brazos, Burleson, Burnet, Childress, Comal, Comanche, Coryell, Edwards, Erath, Gillespie, Hays, Irion, Kendall, Kerr, Kinney, Lampasas, Llano, Mason, Medina, Real, Robertson, San Saba, Schleicher, Sutton, Terrell, Travis, Uvalde, Val Verde, Williamson

Locality

5-Eagle Ranch, Bill Haney Pecan Orchard, Camp Bullis, Fort Hood, Lick Creek Park, Sattler and Hoffman Ranch

Caves

Bandera (Bob Clark Cave); Bell ([all Fort Hood] Afternoon Cave, Awesome Entrance Cave, Big Crevice, Blue Bottle Sink, Blue Green Hole Cave, Boca Verde Cave, Born Again Cave, Buchanan Cave, Bumelia Well Cave, C. B. Cave, Camp 6 Cave No. 1, Cellular Cave, Chupacabra Pit Cave, Cicurina Cave, Copperdead Cave, Corkscrew Cave, Craggy Rock Cave, Deceiving Sink, Deep in Dis Bear Cave, Dual Sinks Cave, Dying Oak Cave, Endless Pit Cave, Estes Cave, Falling Hat Cave, Falling Turtle Cave, Fellers Cave, Figure 8 Cave, Fire Break Cave, Fools Cave, Forbidden Chasm Cave, Forgotten Cave, Forgotten Sink, Geocache Cave, Gnarla Cave, Green Carpet Cave, Hammer Crack Cave, Hidey Ho Cave, Hope Well Sink, Humpty Cave, Jagged Walls Cave, L. Z. Sid Cave, Legless Visitor Cave, Leopard Frog Cave, Long Joint Sink, Lost Chasm Cave, Lucky Rock Cave, Marcelino’s Cave, Molly Hatchet Cave, Nolan Creek Cave, Owl Mountain Cave, Peep in the Deep Cave, Plethodon Cave, Plethodon Pit Cave, Raining Rattler Cave, Road Side Sink, Rugger’s Rift Cave, Rusty Cans Cave, Sanford Pit Cave, Seven Mile Mountain Cave, Skeeter Cave, Sledgehammer Cave, Sleepy Hollow Cave, Sleepy Hollow Pit, Slotsky Pit Cave, Soldiers Cave, Southern Cross Cave, Stand-Off Sink, Stone Eyes Sink, Streak Cave, Talking Crows Cave, Thumbs Up Cave, Tinaja Cave, Tony’s Can Cave, Treasure Cave, Triple J Cave, Tweedledum Cave, Valentine Cave, Vine Cave, Violet Cave, Viper Den Cave, Weep Hole Cave, West Corral Cave No. 1, West Corral Cave No. 2, West Corral Cave No. 4, West Corral Sink); Bexar (B-52 Cave [Camp Bullis], Bexar (=Bear) Cave, Black Cat Cave, Bunny Hole [Camp Bullis], Cannonball Cave [Camp Bullis], Cave site #602, Cave site #603, Christmas Cave, Dangerfield Cave [Camp Bullis], Dogleg Cave [Camp Bullis], Droll Cave, Eagles Nest Cave [Camp Bullis], Elm Springs Cave, Elm Water Hole Cave, Flying Buzzworm Cave [Camp Bullis], Forked Pit, Game Pasture Cave No. 1, Government Canyon Bat Cave, Hairy Tooth Cave, King Toad Cave, La Cantera Cave No. 3, Linda’s First Cave Find, Lone Gunman Pit [Camp Bullis], Low Priority Cave [Camp Bullis], Max and Roberts Cave [=SWCA cave site No. 3007], Meusebach Flats Cave, Obvious Little Cave, Peace Pipe Cave [Camp Bullis], Plethodon Pit (Stone Oak Karst Region), Porcupine Parlor Cave [Camp Bullis], Raging Cajun Cave, Rattlesnake Cave, Root Canal Cave [Camp Bullis], Root Toupee Cave [Camp Bullis], Stevens Ranch Trash Hole Cave, Strange Little Cave [Camp Bullis], SWCA Cave 3, Tin Pot Cave [Camp Bullis], Wurzbach Bat Cave, Yellow Ball Cave [Camp Bullis]); Blanco (Wells Sink); Burnet (Cricket City Sink, Eckhardt Root Cave, Fenceline Sink, Longhorn Caverns, Pie Cave, Railroad Cave, Resurrection Well, Simons Pretty Pit, Simons Water Cave, Taylor Water Cave, Washout Cave); Childress (Windmill Crack Cave); Comal (Bad Weather Pit, Camp Bullis Cave No. 1 [Camp Bullis], Ebert Cave, Fisher’s Pit, Kappelman Salamander Cave, Klar’s Cave, Snake Skin Pit [Camp Bullis]); Coryell ([all Fort Hood] Big Red Cave, Chigiouxs’ Cave, Copperhead Cave, Cornelius Cave, Diamond Cave, Dionne Cave, Egypt Cave, Formation Cave, Ingram Cave, Keyhole Cave, Lucky Day Cave, New Cave, Plateau Cave No. 2, Porter Cave, Sperry Cave, Tippit Cave, Wagontop Spring Cave); Edwards (Jenkins Skylight Stream Cave, Killer Frog Cave, Wyatt Cave); Gillespie (Cave Creek Mosquito Cave); Hays (Boyett’s Cave, McCarty Cave, Taylor Bat Cave, Wimberly Bat Cave); Irion (Arden Cave, Murphy Wells Cave); Kendall (474 Cave, Behr’s Cave, Charley’s Downclimb Cave, Covered Hole, Pfeiffer’s Water Cave, Sattler’s Deep Pit, Schroeder Bat Cave); Kerr (Seiker’s Cave, Wilson Ranch Cave); Kinney (Kelley Cave, Webb Cave); Lampasas (Battery Cave); Mason (Kothmann Cave, Mill Creek Cavern, Zesch Ranch Cave); Medina (Haby Bat Cave, Koch Cave); Real (Red Arrow Cave); San Saba (Gorman Cave, Harrell’s Cave, Lemon’s Cave, Whiteface Cave); Schleicher (Cave Y); Sutton (Felton Cave Root, Harrison Cave); Terrell (Goode Cave, Pasotex Pit, The Crack); Travis (Amber Cave, Armadillo Ranch Sink, Broken Arrow Cave, Cave site #401, Ceiling Slot Cave, Chuck’s Joint, Coon Slide Cave, Cotterell Cave, Driskill Cave, GCWA Cave, Jack’s Joint Cave, Jest John Cave, Jollyville Plateau Cave, Kretschmarr Double Pit, Lunsford’s Cave, Midden Sink, No Rent Cave, Rolling Rock Cave, Two Trunks Cave, Weldon Cave, Windmill Cave); Uvalde (Barn-sized Fissure Cave, Tampke Ranch Cave, Whitecotton Bat Cave); Val Verde (H.T. Miers Cave, Powers Ranch Bat Cave, Wren Cave); Williamson (A. J. and B. L. Wilcox Cave, Avant Ranch Cave, Avery Ranch Cave, Avery Stairstep Cave, Ballroom #2 Cave, Bat Well Cave, Beck Bat Cave, Beck Creek Cave, Beck Crevice Cave, Beck Horse Cave, Beck Pride Cave, Beck Ranch Cave, Beck Rattlesnake Cave, Beck Sewer Cave, Behren’s Ranch Cave, Blowhole Cave, Boyd’s Void Cave, Broken Plate Cave, Brown’s Cave, Buttercup Blow Hole Cave, Cat Cave, Cat Hollow Bat Cave, Cat Hollow Cave No. 3, Cave Coral Cave, Chagas Cave, Clan Cave, Cobb Cavern, Cricket Cave, Dion Cave, Double Nickel Cave, Duckworth Bat Cave, Feature No. 1, Fern Cave, Fortune 500 Cave, Godwin’s Goat Grave Cave (=Lift Station Cave), Grimace Cave, Hatchet Cave, Holler Hole Cave, Hook Cave, Ilex Cave, Joker Cave, Jug Cave, Killian Caver, LakeLine Cave, LakeLine Mall Well Trap No. 3, Leaning Tree Cave, Man-With-A-Spear Cave, Maverick Cave, Mayfield Cave, Medicine Man Cave, Millennium Cave, Mongo Cave, Mustard Cave, Near Miss Cave, O’Connor Cave, Off Campus Cave, Paleospring Cave, Pemmican Cave, Prairie Flats Cave, Price Is Right Cave, Prospectors Cave, Raccoon Cave, Rattlesnake Filled Cave, Rock Ridge Cave, Rockfall Cave, Rootin Tootin Cave, Salamander Squeeze Cave, Snowmelt Cave, Squeeze-Down Cave, Stepstone Cave, Testudo Tube, Texella Cave, The Abyss, The Chimney, Thin Roof Cave, Two Hole Cave, Underline Cave, Vault Cave, Velcro Cave, Venom Cave, Village Idiot Cave, Water Tank Cave, Water Tower Cave, Waterfall Canyon Cave, White Wall Cave, Wild Card Cave, Zapata Cave)

Time of activity

Male (January – December); female (January -December)

Habitat

(crops: peanuts); (landscape features: cave wall and guano); (orchard: pecan); (soil/woodland: leaf litter, longleaf pine managed, upland woods)

Method

Berlese funnel [f]; pitfall trap [m]; suction trap [m]

Type

Texas (male, Llano Co., Llano, December 1934, L. I. Davis, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

locality (city)

Collection

JCC, TAMU, TMM

Agyneta micaria (Emerton, 1882)

Agyneta micariaDupérré 2013: 118 [T], mf, desc. (figs 28, 380–389)

Microneta micaria (Emerton, 1882); Vogel 1970b: 12

Meioneta sp. nr llanoensis (Gertsch and Davis, 1936); Calixto et al. 2013: 186–187 [part]; Henderson 2007: 54, 77, 80, 83 [part]

Meioneta sp. nr unimaculata (Banks,1892); Calixto et al. 2013: 182 [part]; Henderson 2007: 54–57, 65–66, 69, 75 [part]

Meioneta sp.; Agnew et al. 1985: 3 [part]; Calixto et al. 2013: 182 [part]; Dean and Sterling 1987: 6; Dean et al. 1982: 254

Distribution

Bexar, Brazos, Burleson, Caldwell, Comanche, Coryell, Erath, Harris, Houston, Red River, Robertson, San Patricio, Travis, Walker

Locality

Bill Haney Pecan Orchard, Ellis Prison Unit, Holmes Pecan Orchard, Lick Creek Park, Lockhart State Park

Caves

Travis (Backhole)

Time of activity

Male (March – July, September – December); female (March – June, August)

Habitat

(crops: cotton, peanuts); (orchard: pecan); (soil/woodland: disturbed habitat, leaf litter, post oak savanna with pasture, riverine forest floor, woods)

Method

Fogging [m]; pitfall trap [f]; ramp trap [m]; suction trap [mf]; tile trap [m]

Type

Connecticut, New Haven

Etymology

Latin, crumb

Collection

TAMU, TMM

Agyneta parva (Banks, 1896)

Agyneta parvaDupérré 2013: 96, mf, desc. (figs 23, 290–299)

Meioneta sp. nr llanoensis (Gertsch and Davis, 1936); Calixto et al. 2013: 186–187 [part]

Meioneta sp. nr meridionalis (Crosby and Bishop 1936); Henderson 2007: 54, 77, 80, 83 [part]

Meioneta sp. nr unimaculata (Banks,1892); Calixto et al. 2013: 182 [part]; Henderson 2007: 54, 65, 77, 80, 83 [part]

Meioneta sp.; Calixto et al. 2013: 182 [part]; Henderson 2007: 54, 77, 80, 83 [part]

nr Meioneta sp.; Henderson 2007: 73, 77 [part]

Distribution

Angelina, Brazos, Burleson, Comanche, Coryell, Erath, Robertson, Walker

Locality

Bill Haney Pecan Orchard, Ellis Prison Unit, Holmes Pecan Orchard, Lick Creek Park

Time of activity

Male (March – June); female (January 15-February 15, April – July)

Habitat

(orchard: pecan); (soil/woodland: bottomland hardwood, disturbed habitat, post oak savanna with pasture, post oak woodland, sandy area, sedge meadow, woods)

Method

pitfall trap [mf] (near pond [f]); suction trap [mf]

Type

Washington D. C.

Etymology

Latin, little

Collection

TAMU

Agyneta regina (Chamberlin & Ivie, 1944)

Agyneta reginaDupérré 2013: 109, mf, desc. (figs 346–353)

Meioneta sp. nr llanoensis (Gertsch and Davis, 1936); Calixto et al. 2013: 182, 186–187 [part]

Meioneta sp. nr unimaculata (Banks,1892); Calixto et al. 2013: 182 [part]; Henderson 2007: 69, 77, 80, 83 [part]

Meioneta sp.; Agnew et al. 1985: 3 [part]; Calixto et al. 2013: 182 [part]

Distribution

Brazos, Burleson, Colorado, Comanche, Coryell, Erath, Robertson, Wharton

Locality

Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge, Bill Haney Pecan Orchard, Holmes Pecan Orchard, Lick Creek Park

Time of activity

Male (March, May – October); female (March – September)

Habitat

(crops: cotton, peanuts); (orchard: pecan); (soil/woodland: post oak savanna with pasture, upland woods)

Method

pitfall trap [mf]; suction trap [mf]

Type

Georgia, 3 miles SE Savannah

Etymology

Latin, queen

Collection

TAMU

Agyneta sandia Dupérré, 2013

Agyneta sandiaDupérré 2013: 92, mf, desc. (figs 283–290)

Meioneta sp. nr llanoensis (Gertsch and Davis, 1936); Calixto et al. 2013: 186–187 [part]

Meioneta sp.; Calixto et al. 2013: 182 [part]

Distribution

Bastrop, Bexar, Burleson, Caldwell, Comanche, Erath, Travis, Walker

Locality

Bastrop State Park, Bill Haney Pecan Orchard, Camp Bullis, Ellis Prison Unit

Caves

Bexar (Constant Sorrow Cave [Camp Bullis], Get A Rope Cave [Camp Bullis], Mastodon Pit)

Time of activity

Male (April – May); female (April – August, October)

Habitat

(orchard: pecan orchard); (soil/woodland: oak woods, post oak savanna with pasture)

Method

pitfall trap [mf]; suction trap [mf]

Type

New Mexico, Bernalillo Co., Sandia Mountains

Etymology

locality (The specific name is a noun in apposition taken from the type locality Sandia Mountains, New Mexico, USA, Dupérré 2013).

Collection

JCC, TAMU, TMM

Agyneta serrata (Emerton, 1909)

Agyneta serrataDupérré 2013: 136, mf, desc. (figs 443–449)

Meioneta sp. nr unimaculata (Banks, 1892); Henderson 2007: 54, 57, 66, 75, 77, 80, 83 [part]

Meioneta sp.; Agnew et al. 1985: 3 [part]

Distribution

Angelina, Bexar, Brazos, Burleson, Cameron, Colorado, Comal, Coryell, Erath, Fayette, Harris, Hidalgo, San Patricio, Starr, Travis, Walker, Williamson

Locality

Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge, Camp Bullis, Ellis Prison Unit, Fresnos Resaca, Lick Creek Park, NK Ranch, Sabal Palm Audubon Sanctuary, Somerville Lake

Caves

Bexar (Backhole [Camp Bullis], Wurzbach Bat Cave); Comal (Ebert Cave); Williamson (Valley Cave)

Time of activity

Male (March – September, November – December); female (March – July, September, December)

Habitat

(crops: peanuts); (soil/woodland: loblolly pine unmanaged, post oak savanna with pasture, post oak woodland, upland woods)

Method

pitfall trap [mf]; suction trap [mf]

Type

Massachusetts, Boston

Etymology

Latin, ridge on tarsus of palp

Collection

JCC, TAMU, TMM

Agyneta spicula Dupérré, 2013

Agyneta spiculaDupérré 2013: 102, mf, desc. (figs 316–325)

Distribution

Erath, Hardeman, Hidalgo, Kendall, Travis

Caves

Hardeman (Walkup Cave)

Time of activity

Male (July); female (January, May, July – August)

Type

Texas (male, Kendall Co., Comfort, July 8, 1936, L. I. Davis, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

noun in apposition, spine-like retrolateral tibial apophysis

Collection

TAMU

Agyneta tuberculata Dupérré, 2013

Agyneta tuberculataDupérré 2013: 115, mf, desc. (figs 368–375)

Meioneta sp. nr llanoensis (Gertsch and Davis, 1936); Calixto et al. 2013: 182, 186–187 [part]

Distribution

Brazos, Hidalgo, Kerr, Lubbock, Robertson, Starr, Travis

Locality

Holmes Pecan Orchard, Raven Ranch

Time of activity

Male (January, April – May, July, December); female (June)

Habitat

(orchard: pecan); (soil/woodland: Juniperus ashei)

Method

suction trap [m]

Type

Arizona, Cochise Co., Portal

Etymology

Latin, tuberculate cymbium

Collection

TAMU

Genus Centromerus Dahl, 1886

Centromerus latidens (Emerton, 1882)

Centromerus latidensBuckle et al. 2001: 105; Helsdingen 1973: 21 mf, desc. (figs 14–17); Jackman 1997: 164; Roth 1988: 38

Distribution

Brazos

Locality

Texas A&M University Rangeland Area

Time of activity

Female (April, December)

Habitat

(soil/woodland: on ground)

Method

pitfall trap [f]

Type

Connecticut, New Haven

Etymology

Latin, tarsus of male palpus wide

Collection

TAMU

Genus Ceraticelus Simon, 1884

Ceraticelus creolus Chamberlin, 1925

Ceraticelus creolus [Crosby and Bishop 1925: 19, mf, desc. (figs 27–31)]

Ceraticelus spp.; Dean and Eger 1986: 141 [part]

Distribution

Brazos, Walker

Locality

Ellis Prison Unit

Time of activity

Male (May); female (April – May)

Habitat

(crops: cotton); (plants: bluebonnets, Indian paintbrush)

Method

sweeping [mf]

Type

Louisiana, Benton

Etymology

type of people in Louisiana

Collection

TAMU

Ceraticelus emertoni (O. P.-Cambridge, 1874)

Ceraticelus emertoniJackman 1997: 164; Jones 1936: 69; Vogel 1970b: 11 [Crosby and Bishop 1925: 20, mf, desc. (figs 32–36, 112)]

Distribution

Dallas, Walker

Locality

Ellis Prison Unit

Time of activity

Female (May)

Habitat

(crops: cotton)

Type

Massachusetts

Etymology

Person (arachnologist)

Collection

TAMU

Ceraticelus laetus (O. P.-Cambridge, 1874)

Ceraticelus laetus [Crosby and Bishop 1925: 29, mf, desc. (pl. 6, figs 52–55)]

Distribution

Coryell

Time of activity

Male (May)

Habitat

(soil/woodland: post oak savanna with pasture)

Method

pitfall trap [m]

Type

Massachusetts, Cambridge

Etymology

Latin, pleasant

Collection

TAMU

Ceraticelus paludigenus Crosby & Bishop, 1925

Ceraticelus paludigenusBuckle et al. 2001: 107 [spelling]; Dean and Sterling 1990: 401; Jackman 1997: 164

Ceraticelus paludigena Crosby and Bishop, 1925; Dean and Eger 1986: 141 [Crosby and Bishop 1925: 39, mf, desc. (figs 86–91)]

Distribution

Brazos, Victoria

Time of activity

Male (April); female (August)

Habitat

(plants: Indian paintbrush)

Method

suction trap [f]; sweeping [m]

Type

Georgia, Okefenokee Swamp, Billy’s Island

Etymology

Latin, birth in stream

Collection

TAMU

Ceraticelus paschalis Crosby & Bishop, 1925

Ceraticelus paschalisBuckle et al. 2001: 107; Dean and Sterling 1990: 401, 404; Jackman 1997: 164 [Crosby and Bishop 1925: 40, mf, desc. (figs 92–94)]

Distribution

Brazos, Walker

Locality

Ellis Prison Unit

Time of activity

Female (April, August, November)

Method

suction trap [f]

Type

United States

Etymology

Latin, of Easter

Collection

TAMU

Ceraticelus phylax Ivie & Barrows, 1935

Ceraticelus phylaxPrentice and Redak 2009: 42, mf, desc. (figs 1–13)

Distribution

Hidalgo, Kerr, Wichita

Time of activity

Female (December)

Type

Oklahoma

Etymology

Greek, preserve

Collection

MSU

Ceraticelus similis (Banks, 1892)

Ceraticelus similisCalixto et al. 2013: 182; Rogers and Horner 1977: 523; Young and Edwards 1990: 18 [Crosby and Bishop 1925: 42, mf, desc. (figs 98–102)]

Ceraticelus spp.; Dean and Eger 1986: 141 [part]

Ceraticelus sp. B; Agnew et al. 1985: 3 [part]; Dean and Sterling 1987: 6 [part]; Nyffeler et al. 1992c: 2; Young and Edwards 1990: 18 [sp. not sp. B]

Distribution

North-central and south Texas; Brazos, Burleson, Cameron, Collin, Colorado, Delta, Erath, Fort Bend, Hidalgo, Kaufman, Nueces, Robertson, Walker, Wharton, Williamson

Locality

5-Eagle Ranch, Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge, Ellis Prison Unit, Holmes Pecan Orchard, NK Ranch, Stiles Farm Foundation

Time of activity

Male (February – September, November – December); female (January – December)

Habitat

(crops: cotton, guar, peanuts); (grass: grass); (orchard: pecan); (plants: bluebonnets, Indian paintbrush, Monarda citriodora)

Method

D-Vac suction [mf]; fogging [mf]; pitfall trap [mf]; suction trap [mf]; sweeping [mf]

Type

New York, Ithaca, South Hill, Six Mile Creek

Etymology

Latin, similar to another species

Collection

TAMU

Genus Ceratinella Emerton, 1882

Ceratinella brunnea Emerton, 1882

Ceratinella brunneaCokendolpher et al. 2008: 9, 68 (fig. 7) [Kaston 1948: 158, mf, desc. (figs 405–407)]

Distribution

Burleson, Carson, Coryell

Time of activity

Male (March – October); female (March – July, July 27-August 3, September – October)

Habitat

(grass: grassland); (soil/woodland: post oak savanna with pasture)

Method

pitfall trap [mf]

Type

New Hampshire, Mt. Washington; Massachusetts, Salem and Sangus; Connecticut, New Haven

Etymology

Latin, color dark brown

Collection

TAMU

Ceratinella playa Cokendolpher, Torrence, Smith & Dupérré, 2007

Ceratinella playaCokendolpher et al. 2007: 52, mf, desc. (figs 4–6, 8, 10–16); Cokendolpher et al. 2008: 23 (fig. 7)

Distribution

Briscoe

Time of activity

Male (June), female (June)

Habitat

(littoral: playa); (plants: emergent plants)

Type

Texas (male, Briscoe Co., Playa BR13, June 15, 2005, S. M. Torrence, L. M. Smith, holotype, TTU)

Etymology

noun in apposition, depressional wetlands, shallow

Collection

TTU

Genus Ceratinops Banks, 1905

Ceratinops crenatus (Emerton, 1882)

Ceratinops crenatusBuckle et al. 2001: 108 [spelling]; Calixto et al. 2013: 182, 186–187 [see note below], Dean and Sterling 1990: 402, 404; Henderson 2007: 68, 77, 79, 83; Jackman 1997: 164

Ceratinops crenata (Emerton, 1882); Agnew et al. 1985: 3, 9; Young and Edwards 1990: 18 [Crosby and Bishop 1933: 111, mf, desc. (figs 10–16)]

Distribution

Brazos, Caldwell, Comanche, Coryell, Erath, Walker, Wichita

Locality

Bill Haney Pecan Orchard, Ellis Prison Unit, Lick Creek Park

Time of activity

Male (March – October); female (April – October)

Habitat

(crops: peanuts); (orchard: pecan); (plants: miscellaneous vegetation); (soil/woodland: post oak savanna with pasture, post oak woodland, sandy area, under juniper)

Method

Fogging [mf]; pitfall trap [mf] (in sand [mf], under juniper [m]); suction trap [mf]; sweeping [f]

Type

Massachusetts, Beverly; Connecticut, New Haven

Etymology

Latin, rounded projection

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Note

Ceraticelus erroneously used in Calixto et al. 2013 (p. 182).

Ceratinops latus (Emerton, 1882)

Ceratinops latusPlatnick 1998: 336 [spelling]

Ceratinops lata (Emerton, 1882) [Crosby and Bishop 1933: 114, mf, desc. (figs 22–28)]

Ceratinops sp.; Agnew et al. 1985: 6

Distribution

Colorado, Erath

Locality

Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge

Time of activity

Male (April – July); female (July)

Habitat

(soil/woodland: post oak savanna with pasture)

Method

pitfall trap [m]; suction trap [m]

Type

Massachusetts, Watertown

Etymology

Latin, wide

Collection

TAMU

Ceratinops rugosus (Emerton, 1909)

Ceratinops rugosusJackman 1997: 164; Platnick 1998: 336 [spelling]

Ceratinops rugosa (Emerton, 1909); Dean and Eger 1986: 141 [Crosby and Bishop 1933: 116, mf, desc. (figs 35–39)]

Distribution

Brazos

Time of activity

Female (April)

Habitat

(plants: bluebonnets)

Method

sweeping [f]

Type

Massachusetts, Grafton; New Hampshire, Lake Winnipesaukee, Three-mile Island

Etymology

Latin, cephalothorax and sternum rough

Collection

TAMU

Genus Ceratinopsis Emerton, 1882

Ceratinopsis laticeps Emerton, 1882

Ceratinopsis laticepsBuckle et al. 2001: 109; Dean and Sterling 1990: 402; Jackman 1997: 164 [Bishop and Crosby 1930: 21, mf, desc. (figs 18–21)]

Distribution

Brazos, Colorado

Locality

Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge

Time of activity

Male (April – May)

Method

pitfall trap [m]; suction trap [m]

Type

Massachusetts, Danvers; Connecticut, New Haven

Etymology

Latin, side of head

Collection

TAMU

Genus Erigone Audouin, 1826

Erigone autumnalis Emerton, 1882

Erigone autumnalisAgnew et al. 1985: 3, 9; Breene et al. 1993c: 17, 47, 108, mf (figs 170A-C); Brown 1974: 234; Bryant 1940: 326; Buckle et al. 2001: 115; Calixto et al. 2013: 182, 182, 185, 187, 190; Cokendolpher and Reddell 2001b: 50; Crosby and Bishop 1928: 19, mf, desc. (figs 18–20); Dean and Eger 1986: 141; Dean and Sterling 1987: 6; Dean and Sterling 1990: 402, 404; Dean et al. 1982: 254; Dean et al. 1988: 286; Henderson 2007: 29, 52–54, 56, 59, 66, 77, 79, 83; Jackman 1997: 164; Jones 1936: 70; Liao et al. 1984: 410; Nyffeler et al. 1992c: 2; Pamanes-Guerrero 1975: 41, 59, 78, 81; Roth 1988: 8; Vogel 1970b: 11; Young and Edwards 1990: 18

Distribution

Angelina, Atascosa, Bastrop, Bee, Bell, Brazos, Burleson, Collin, Colorado, Comanche, Coryell, Dallas, Delta, Erath, Fayette, Hidalgo, Houston, Kerr, Nacogdoches, Robertson, Travis, Walker, Wichita, Williamson

Locality

5-Eagle Ranch, Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge, Bastrop State Park, Bill Haney Pecan Orchard, Ellis Prison Unit, Fort Hood, Holmes Pecan Orchard, Lick Creek Park, NK Ranch, Sam Houston National Forest, Somerville Lake, Stiles Farm Foundation, Stubblefield Lake, Texas A&M University Rangeland Area

Caves

Bell (Fellers Cave [Fort Hood]); Coryell (Fossil Spring Cave [Fort Hood])

Time of activity

Male (January – December); female (January – December)

Habitat

(crops: alfalfa, cotton, peanuts); (grass: grass, grassland); (landscape features: cave); (orchard: pecan); (plants: bluebonnets, Indian paintbrush, Monarda citriodora, Solanum elaeagnifolium); (soil/woodland: leaf litter, longleaf pine managed, rotting pine log, post oak savanna with pasture, post oak woodland, sandy area, upland woods, woods, Juniperus ashei, Quercus buckleyi, Quercus virginiana, Ulmus crassifolia)

Method

Beating [mf]; cardboard band [m]; D-Vac suction [m]; fogging [mf]; pitfall trap [mf]; ramp trap [m]; suction trap [mf]; sweeping [mf]; tile trap [mf]

Type

Massachusetts, Boston; Connecticut, New Haven

Etymology

Latin, season collected

Collection

MSU, TAMU, TMM

Note

Males were collected in a suction trap from 10:00 to 12:00 hours and 14:00 to 16:00 hours.

Erigone barrowsi Crosby & Bishop, 1928

Erigone barrowsiAgnew et al. 1985: 3; Dean and Sterling 1990: 404; Jackman 1997: 164; Jones 1936: 70; Vogel 1970b: 11; Young and Edwards 1990: 18 [Crosby and Bishop 1928: 21, mf, desc. (figs 21–25)]

Distribution

Coleman, Dallas, Erath, Walker

Locality

Horne Ranch, Ellis Prison Unit

Time of activity

Male (July, September); female (August)

Habitat

(crops: peanuts)

Method

pitfall trap [m]; suction trap [f]

Type

Florida, Apalachicola

Etymology

Person (collector, W. M. Barrows)

Collection

TAMU

Erigone canthognatha Chamberlin & Ivie, 1935

Erigone canthognatha [Chamberlin and Ivie 1935b: 13, m, desc. (pl. 7, figs 54–56)]

Distribution

Wichita

Type

Utah, Moab

[female unknown]

Etymology

Greek, jaw edge

Collection

MSU

Erigone denticulata Chamberlin & Ivie, 1939

Erigone denticulataCokendolpher et al. 2007: 56, mf, desc. (figs 7, 9, 17–23); Cokendolpher et al. 2008: 23 (photo 18–9, fig. 8)

Distribution

Briscoe, Lubbock, Swisher

Time of activity

Male (June); female (June, September)

Habitat

(littoral: playa); (structures: greenhouse next to pond)

Type

Utah, Mirror Lake

Etymology

Latin, teeth

Collection

TTU

Erigone dentigera O. P.-Cambridge, 1874

Erigone dentigeraBreene et al. 1993c: 17, 47, 108, m (figs 169A-C); Dean and Sterling 1990: 404; Dean et al. 1982: 254; Jackman 1997: 164; Young and Edwards 1990: 18 [Crosby and Bishop 1928: 25, mf, desc. (figs 38–41)]

Distribution

Walker

Locality

Ellis Prison Unit

Time of activity

Male (May – June, August)

Habitat

(crops: cotton)

Method

D-Vac suction [m]; pitfall trap [m]; suction trap [m]

Type

Massachusetts, Beverly

Etymology

Latin, tooth-like spine on palp

Collection

TAMU

Erigone dentosa O. P.-Cambridge, 1894

Erigone dentosa [Crosby and Bishop 1928: 27, mf, desc. (figs 42–45)]

Distribution

Lubbock

Type

Guatemala, Antigua

Etymology

Latin, teeth on face of chelicerae

Collection

MSU

Erigone personata Gertsch & Davis, 1936

Erigone personataBonnet 1956: 1771; Buckle et al. 2001: 117; Gertsch and Davis 1936: 1, m, desc. (figs 1–2); Jackman 1997: 164; Roewer 1942: 727; Roth 1988: 8; Vogel 1970b: 11

Distribution

Llano

Time of activity

Male (December)

Type

Texas (male, Llano Co., Llano, December 24, 1935, L. I. Davis, holotype, AMNH)

[female unknown]

Etymology

Latin, of a person

Genus Eulaira Chamberlin & Ivie, 1933

Eulaira suspecta Gertsch & Mulaik, 1936

Eulaira suspectaBonnet 1956: 1812; Buckle et al. 2001: 118; Chamberlin and Ivie 1945b: 10; Gertsch and Mulaik 1936b: 1, mf, desc. (figs 1–3); Jackman 1997: 164; Reddell 1970: 406; Roewer 1942: 728; Roth 1988: 39; Vogel 1970b: 11

Distribution

Hidalgo, Val Verde

Caves

Val Verde (Four-Mile Cave)

Time of activity

Male (February); female (February)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave)

Type

Texas (male, Hidalgo Co., 7 miles E Edinburg, February 17, 1935, S. Mulaik, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Latin, female paratype eyes abnormal

Collection

TMM

Genus Floricomus Crosby & Bishop, 1925

Floricomus mulaiki Gertsch & Davis, 1936

Floricomus mulaikiBonnet 1957: 1912; Buckle et al. 2001: 119; Gertsch and Davis 1936: 4, mf, desc. (figs 28–31); Jackman 1997: 164; Roewer 1942: 610; Roth 1988: 9; Vogel 1970b: 11

Distribution

Cameron

Time of activity

Male (May); female (May)

Type

Texas (male, Cameron Co., May 1–2, 1936, [L. I.] Davis, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Person (collector of many species of Texas spiders, Stanley Mulaik)

Floricomus ornatulus Gertsch & Ivie, 1936

Floricomus ornatulusBonnet 1957: 1912; Buckle et al. 2001: 119; Gertsch and Ivie 1936: 13, mf, desc. (figs 16–18); Jackman 1997: 164; Roewer 1942: 610; Roth 1988: 9; Vogel 1970b: 11

Distribution

Cameron, Hidalgo

Time of activity

Male (January – February); female (January – February, November)

Type

Texas (male, Hidalgo Co., Edinburg, January 10–20, 1935, S. Mulaik, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Latin, ornate

Floricomus rostratus (Emerton, 1882)

Floricomus rostratusDean and Sterling 1990: 404; Jackman 1997: 164 [Bishop and Crosby 1935: 40, mf, desc. (figs 29–34)]

Distribution

Walker

Locality

Ellis Prison Unit

Time of activity

Male (May – June); female (May – June)

Method

suction trap [mf]

Type

Massachusetts, Walthom and Watertown

Etymology

Latin, horn on male extends forward

Collection

TAMU

Genus Florinda O. P.-Cambridge, 1896

Florinda coccinea (Hentz, 1850)

Florinda coccineaBrown 1974: 234; Buckle et al. 2001: 119; Gertsch and Davis 1946: 5 [T]; Jackman 1997: 164; Kaston 1953: 209, desc. (fig. 517); Kaston 1972: 129, desc. (fig. 290); Kaston 1978: 124, desc. (fig. 310); Roth 1988: 39; Roth 1994: 111

Frontinella coccinea Hentz, 1850; Blauvelt 1936: 149, mf (figs 96–100)

Distribution

Fannin, Harris, Nacogdoches, Nueces, San Patricio (imm.), Walker

Locality

Ellis Prison Unit, Welder Wildlife Refuge

Time of activity

Male (May – June); female (May)

Habitat

(plants: in bush); (soil/woodland: hackberry matte)

Method

suction trap [imm.]

Type

North Carolina

Etymology

Latin, scarlet

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Genus Frontinella F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1902

Frontinella communis (Hentz, 1850)

Frontinella communisBlauvelt 1936: 145, mf, desc. (figs 90–95); Brown 1974: 234; Platnick 1998: 355 [S] [Kaston 1948: 120, mf, desc. (figs 254–260)]

Frontinella pyramitela (Walckenaer, 1841); Agnew et al. 1985: 6, 11; Breene et al. 1993c: 17, 47, 111, mf (figs 178A-C); Dean and Sterling 1990: 404; Dean et al. 1982: 254; Jackman 1997: 63, desc., 164 (photo 19a); Nyffeler and Sterling 1994: 1295, 1298; Nyffeler et al. 1988b: 215; Taber and Fleenor 2003: 230; Young and Edwards 1990: 18

Distribution

Archer, Bastrop, Bexar, Brazos, Brown, Erath, Galveston, Harris, Jack, Medina, Montgomery, Nacogdoches, Presidio, Travis, Walker, Wichita, Young

Locality

Big Bend Ranch State Park, Buescher State Park, Ellis Prison Unit, Jones State Forest, Lick Creek Park, Sam Houston National Forest, Stubblefield Lake, Zilker Park

Caves

Medina (Ney Cave)

Time of activity

Male (March – May, July – October); female (March – May, July – November)

Habitat

(crops: cotton); (landscape features: cave); (littoral: sedge meadow); (plants: cactus, vegetation); (soil/woodland: palm grove, juniper, woods, Juniperus ashei, Quercus buckleyi); (web: in web)

Method

Beating [m]; suction trap [mf]; sweeping [mf]

Type

United States

Etymology

Latin, common

Collection

DMNS, MSU, NMSU, TAMU, TMM

Genus Grammonota Emerton, 1882

Grammonota inornata Emerton, 1882

Grammonota inornataBuckle et al. 2001: 121; Dean and Sterling 1990: 402; Jackman 1997: 164 [Bishop and Crosby 1932: 397, mf, desc. (figs 9–13)]

Distribution

Brazos

Time of activity

Male (June)

Method

suction trap [m]

Type

Massachusetts, Saugus and Woods Hole; Connecticut, New Haven

Etymology

Latin, unadorned

Collection

TAMU

Grammonota maculata Banks, 1896

Grammonota maculataBanks 1896: 68, mf, desc.; Bishop and Crosby 1932: 401, mf, desc. (figs 24–26); Buckle et al. 2001: 121; Jackman 1997: 164; Petrunkevitch 1911: 241; Roth 1988: 10

Distribution

Brazos, Harris

Time of activity

Male (December); female (December)

Type

Florida, Runneymeade; Texas, Brazos Co.

Etymology

Latin, spots around spinnerets

Grammonota nigrifrons Gertsch & Mulaik, 1936

Grammonota nigrifronsBonnet 1957: 2055; Buckle et al. 2001: 121; Gertsch and Mulaik 1936b: 2, m, desc. (figs 8–9); Jackman 1997: 164; Roewer 1942: 731; Roth 1988: 10; Vogel 1970b: 11

Distribution

Bexar, Cameron

Time of activity

Male (December)

Type

Texas (male, Cameron Co., December 1934, L. I. Davis, holotype, AMNH)

[female unknown]

Etymology

Latin, black hairs

Grammonota suspiciosa Gertsch & Mulaik, 1936

Grammonota suspiciosaBonnet 1957: 2056; Buckle et al. 2001: 122; Gertsch and Mulaik 1936b: 2, m, desc. (figs 6–7); Jackman 1997: 164; Roewer 1942: 731; Roth 1988: 10; Vogel 1970b: 11

Distribution

Terrell

Time of activity

Male (July)

Type

Texas (male, Terrell Co., Sanderson, July 4, 1934, S. Mulaik, holotype, AMNH)

[female unknown]

Etymology

Latin, mistrustful

Grammonota texana (Banks, 1899)

Grammonota texanaAgnew et al. 1985: 3; Bishop and Crosby 1932: 409 [T], mf, desc. (figs 43–47); Breene 1988: 15, 17, 23–26, 35; Breene et al. 1988: 180–181; Breene et al. 1989: 162; Breene et al. 1993c: 17, 47, 108, mf (figs 171A-D); Buckle et al. 2001: 122; Bumroongsook et al. 1992: 18; Calixto et al. 2013: 182, 189; Dean and Eger 1986: 141; Dean and Sterling 1987: 6; Dean and Sterling 1990: 402; Dean et al. 1982: 254; Dean et al. 1987: 268; Dean et al. 1988: 286; Dondale 1959: 235; Jackman 1997: 164; Kagan 1942: 20; Kagan 1943: 258; Nyffeler et al. 1992c: 2; Pamanes-Guerrero 1975: 16, 34, 37, 41, 59, 63, 78, 81; Pfannenstiel 2008a: 204; Rapp 1984: 4; Roewer 1942: 731; Roth 1988: 10; Vogel 1970b: 11; Young and Edwards 1990: 18

Acartauchenius texana Banks, 1899; Banks 1899: 192, mf, desc.

Acartauchenius texanus Banks, 1899; Petrunkevitch 1911: 215

Distribution

Atascosa, Bee, Bexar, Bowie, Brazos, Brooks, Burleson, Cameron, Camp, Collin, Colorado, Comanche, Delta, Erath, Fayette, Freestone, Galveston, Gillespie, Goliad, Harris, Hays, Hidalgo, Houston, Jim Wells, Kaufman, Kerr, Llano, Marion, McLennan, Nueces, Polk, Refugio, Robertson, San Patricio, Shelby, Stephens, Walker, Webb, Willacy, Williamson, Wood, Zapata

Locality

Adriance Pecan Orchard, Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge, Ellis Prison Unit, Holmes Pecan Orchard, Proctor Lake, Santa Ana National Wildlife Refuge, Stiles Farm Foundation, Texas A&M University Rangeland Area

Time of activity

Male (February – October); female (February – October)

Habitat

(crops: cotton, peanuts); (grass: grass, grassland, pasture); (orchard: pecan, pecan tree); (plants: bluebonnets, clover, croton, Indian paintbrush, miscellaneous vegetation, roadside vegetation, Cassia sp., Monarda citriodora); (structures: around house); (soil/woodland: post oak savanna with pasture, trees)

Method

Beating [mf]; cardboard band [mf]; D-Vac suction [mf]; fogging [mf]; pitfall trap [mf]; ramp trap [mf]; suction trap [mf]; sweeping [mf]

Type

Louisiana, Shreveport; Mississippi, Holly Springs; Texas, Brazos Co.

Etymology

locality (state)

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Grammonota vittata Barrows, 1919

Grammonota vittataDean and Sterling 1990: 404; Jackman 1997: 164 [Bishop and Crosby 1932: 412, mf, desc. (figs 50–52)]

Distribution

Walker

Locality

Ellis Prison Unit

Time of activity

Male (June)

Method

suction trap [m]

Type

Ohio, Hebron

Etymology

Latin, striped

Collection

TAMU

Genus Idionella Banks, 1893

Idionella anomala (Gertsch & Ivie, 1936)

Idionella anomalaIvie 1967: 128 [T]; Jackman 1997: 165; Roth 1988: 12

Ceraticelus anomalus Gertsch and Ivie, 1936; Bonnet 1956: 1003; Buckle et al. 2001: 106; Gertsch and Ivie 1936: 14, m, desc. (figs 14–15); Roewer 1942: 604 [Barnes 1953: 7, f, desc. (fig. 9)]

Ceraticelus anomalas Gertsch and Ivie, 1936; Vogel 1970b: 11

Distribution

Hidalgo, Wichita

Time of activity

Male (February)

Type

Texas (male, Hidalgo Co., 7 miles E Edinburg, February 17, 1935, S. Mulaik, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Greek, abnormal example

Collection

MSU

Idionella deserta (Gertsch & Ivie, 1936)

Idionella desertaIvie 1967: 128 [T]; Jackman 1997: 165; Roth 1988: 12

Ceraticelus desertus Gertsch and Ivie, 1936; Bonnet 1956: 1004; Buckle et al. 2001: 106; Gertsch and Ivie 1936: 15, m, desc. (fig. 21); Roewer 1942: 605; Vogel 1970b: 11

Distribution

Hidalgo

Time of activity

Male (November)

Type

Texas (male, Hidalgo Co., Edinburg, November 27, 1935, S. Mulaik, holotype, AMNH)

[female unknown]

Etymology

Latin, solitary

Idionella formosa (Banks, 1892)

Idionella formosaIvie 1967: 128 [T]; Jackman 1997: 165

Ceraticelus formosus (Banks, 1892); Jones 1936: 69; Vogel 1970b: 11 [Crosby and Bishop 1925: 25, mf (figs 44–47)]

Distribution

Dallas

Type

New York

Etymology

Latin, beautiful

Idionella sclerata (Ivie & Barrows, 1935)

Idionella sclerataCalixto et al. 2013: 182, 186–187; Ivie 1967: 128 [T]; Jackman 1997: 165

Grammonota sclerata Ivie and Barrows, 1935; Buckle et al. 2001: 121; Dondale 1959: 236 [S], mf, desc. (fig. 17) [Ivie and Barrows 1935: 14, mf, desc. (figs 48–51)]

Grammonota confusa Gertsch and Mulaik, 1936; Bonnet 1957: 2054; Gertsch and Mulaik 1936b: 3, m, desc. (figs 4–5); Roewer 1942: 730; Vogel 1970b: 11

Ceratinopsis spp.; Dean and Eger 1986: 141 [part]

Distribution

Brazos, Comanche, San Jacinto, San Patricio, Starr, Webb, Wichita

Locality

Bill Haney Pecan Orchard

Time of activity

Male (April – August, October); female (April – August)

Habitat

(orchard: pecan); (plants: bluebonnets, Indian paintbrush); (soil/woodland: post oak savanna with pasture)

Method

pitfall trap [mf]; sweeping [mf]

Type

Florida, Fort Meyers

Etymology

Greek, tough

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Genus Islandiana Braendegaard, 1932

Islandiana flaveola (Banks, 1892)

Islandiana flaveolaBuckle et al. 2001: 126; Ivie 1965: 13, mf, desc. (figs 22–25); Jackman 1997: 165; Roth 1988: 12; Vogel 1970b: 11

Distribution

Hartley

Time of activity

Male (July); female (July)

Type

New York, Ithaca, South Hill

Etymology

Latin, yellow

Islandiana unicornis Ivie, 1965

Islandiana unicornisBuckle et al. 2001: 126; Culver et al. 2003: 464; Draney and Buckle 2005: 142; Gertsch 1992: 78; Ivie 1965: 20, mf, desc. (figs 40–45); Jackman 1997: 165; Reddell 1994: 6; Roth 1988: 12; Vogel 1967: 74; Vogel 1970b: 11

Islandiana sp.; Reddell 1965: 172 [part]

Centromerus sp. nr latidens Emerton, 1882; Reddell 1965: 172 [part]

Distribution

Childress, Wheeler

Caves

Childress (Black Hand Cave); Wheeler (Big Mouth Cave)

Time of activity

Male (May); female (May)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave)

Type

Texas (male, Childress Co., Black Hand Cave, May 1963, J. Reddell, B. Russell, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Latin, hornlike, projection

Collection

TMM

Genus Jalapyphantes Gertsch & Davis, 1946

Jalapyphantes puebla Gertsch & Davis, 1946

Jalapyphantes puebla [Gertsch and Davis 1946: 8, f, desc. (fig. 16)]

Distribution

Jeff Davis

Caves

Jeff Davis (Bloys Camp Cave)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave)

Type

Mexico, Pueblo, Riofrio

[male unknown]

Etymology

locality (state)

Collection

TMM

Genus Masoncus Chamberlin, 1949

Masoncus conspectus (Gertsch & Davis, 1936)

Masoncus conspectusBuckle et al. 2001: 131; Calixto et al. 2013: 182; Ivie 1967: 129 [S, T]; Jackman 1997: 165; Roth 1988: 13

Tapinocyba conspecta Gertsch and Davis, 1936; Bonnet 1959: 4242; Gertsch and Davis 1936: 4, m, desc. (figs 5–7); Roewer 1942: 702; Vogel 1970b: 12

Masoncus conspecta (Gertsch and Davis, 1936); Reddell 1965: 173; Vogel 1970b: 12

Masoncus nogales Chamberlin, 1948; Chamberlin 1948: 537, mf, desc. (figs 93–98); Vogel 1967: 75; Vogel 1970b: 12

Distribution

Comanche, Culberson, Hidalgo, Llano, Tom Green, Val Verde

Locality

Bill Haney Pecan Orchard

Caves

Culberson (Plateau Cave); Val Verde (Popcorn Ball Cave)

Time of activity

Male (May 25-June 1, June – July, December); female (June, December)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave); (orchard: pecan)

Method

pitfall trap [mf]

Type

Texas (male, Llano Co., Llano, December 24, 1935, L. I. Davis, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Latin, survey

Collection

TAMU, TMM

Genus Mermessus O. P-Cambridge, 1899

Mermessus albulus (Zorsch & Crosby, 1934)

Mermessus albulusMiller 2007: 255 [T]

Eperigone albula Zorsch and Crosby, 1934; Cokendolpher and Buckle 2004: 71 f, desc. (fig. 1); Reddell and Cokendolpher 2004: 87; Zorsch and Crosby, 1934: 245, mf, desc. (figs 1A–D)

Eperigone n. sp.; Cokendolpher and Reddell 2001b: 50

Distribution

Bell, Bexar, Comal, Coryell, Hays, Travis, Williamson

Locality

Camp Bullis, Fort Hood

Caves

Bell ([all Fort Hood] Big Crevice, Figure 8 Cave, Fools Cave, Hidden Pit Cave, Keilman Cave, Peep in the Deep Cave, Poison Ivy Pit, Price Pit, Soldiers Cave, Viper Den Cave); Bexar (Bob Wire Cave, Cave No. 194, Eagles Nest Cave [Camp Bullis], Elm Water Hole Cave, Leon Hill Cave [Camp Bullis], Record Fire 1 Pit [Camp Bullis], Toad Cave, Up the Creek Cave [Camp Bullis]); Comal (Washington Cave); Coryell ([all Fort Hood] Copperhead Sink No. 2, Porter Cave, Rocket River C System [B. R.’s Secret Cave]); Hays (Wimberly Bat Cave); Travis (3-Holer Cave, District Park Cave, Moss Pit, No Rent Cave, Wade Sink); Williamson (Avery Ranch Cave, Beck Crevice Cave, Beck Horse Cave, Core Barrel Cave, Lobo’s Lair, Susana Cave, Testudo Cave, Texella Cave Karst Park, Venturi Cave)

Time of activity

Male (January, March – June, August – October, December); female (January – June, August – September, November – December)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave); (soil/woodland: leaf litter)

Method

Berlese funnel [mf]

Type

Louisiana, Tallulah

Etymology

Latin, white

Collection

TMM

Mermessus antraeus (Crosby, 1926)

Mermessus antraeusMiller 2007: 255 [T]

Eperigone antrea (Crosby, 1926); Buckle et al. 2001: 113; Cokendolpher and Polyak 2004: 189; Jackman 1997: 164; Millidge 1987: 26, mf, desc. (figs 73–79); Reddell 1965: 172; Reddell 1970: 405; Smith and Reddell 1971: 21; Vogel 1970b: 11

Distribution

Brewster, Culberson, Kimble

Caves

Brewster (400-Foot Cave); Culberson (Border Cave, Cutoff Cave, Gyp Joint, New Cave, Olive’s Cave); Kimble (Fleming Bat Cave)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave)

Type

New Mexico, Carlsbad Cave

Etymology

Greek, cavity

Collection

TMM

Mermessus bryantae (Ivie & Barrows, 1935)

Mermessus bryantaeMiller 2007: 255 [T]

Eperigone bryantae Ivie and Barrows, 1935; Buckle et al. 2001: 113; Dean and Sterling 1990: 402, 404; Jackman 1997: 164; Millidge 1987: 17 [S], mf, desc. (figs 29–35)

Eperigone credula Gertsch and Davis, 1936; Bonnet 1956: 1707; Gertsch and Davis 1936: 2, m, desc. (figs 3–4); Roewer 1942: 717; Roth 1988: 7; Vogel 1970b: 11

Distribution

Brazos, Burleson, Colorado, Dallas, Duval, Harris, Houston, Llano, Panola, Walker, Webb, Wichita

Locality

5-Eagle Ranch, Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge, Ellis Prison Unit, NK Ranch, Texas A&M University Rangeland Area

Time of activity

Male (February, April – June, September – December); female (March – July, November)

Habitat

(crops: cotton); (plants: Indian paintbrush)

Method

pitfall trap [mf]; suction trap [mf]; sweeping [f]

Type

Florida, Marco Island

Etymology

Person (arachnologist)

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Mermessus denticulatus (Banks, 1898)

Mermessus denticulatusCalixto et al. 2013: 180, 182, 185, 187, 189–190; Cokendolpher et al. 2007: 56; Cokendolpher et al. 2008: 26; Miller 2007: 258 [S]

Eperigone eschatologica (Crosby, 1924); Breene et al. 1993c: 17, 47, 109, mf (figs 175A-D); Buckle et al. 2001: 114; Dean and Eger 1986: 141; Dean and Sterling 1990: 402, 404; Dean et al. 1988: 286; Irungu 2007: 31; Jackman 1997: 164; Millidge 1987: 37, mf, desc. (figs 132–136); Nyffeler et al. 1992c: 2

Eperigone sp.; Agnew et al. 1985: 3, 9; Young and Edwards 1990: 18

Distribution

Widespread; Bee, Brazos, Brewster, Burleson, Cameron, Colorado, Comanche, Coryell, Dallas, Erath, Floyd, Frio, Gonzales, Hidalgo, Houston, Kimble, Kleberg, Knox, Leon, Lipscomb, Llano, Nueces, Potter, Robertson, San Patricio, San Saba, Victoria, Walker, Webb, Wichita, Williamson

Locality

5-Eagle Ranch, Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge, Bill Haney Pecan Orchard, Ellis Prison Unit, Holmes Pecan Orchard, NK Ranch, Palmetto State Park, Stiles Farm Foundation

Time of activity

Male (January – December); female (January, March – October, November 30 – December 7)

Habitat

(crops: cabbage, cotton, peanuts); (grass: grass, grassland, pasture); (landscape features: under rock); (littoral: near pond, playa); (orchard: pecan); (plants: bluebonnets, emergent plants, emergent vegetation, Monarda citriodora); (soil/woodland: brushy area, juniper, post oak savanna with pasture, under litter, woods); (structures: indoors)

Method

D-Vac suction [mf]; fogging [mf]; pitfall trap [mf] (near pond [mf]); suction trap [mf]; sweeping [m]; tile trap [mf]

Type

Mexico, Tepic

Etymology

Latin, prominent tooth on mandibles

Collection

MSU, TAMU, TTU

Note

A male and female were collected in a suction trap 10:00 to 12:00 hours.

Mermessus fradeorum (Berland, 1932)

Mermessus fradeorumMiller 2007: 255 [T]

Eperigone fradeorum Millidge, 1987 [Millidge 1987: 35 [S], mf, desc. (figs 124–131)]

Eperigone banksi (Ivie and Barrows, 1935); Rogers and Horner 1977: 523; Young and Edwards 1990: 18

Distribution

Knox

Type

Azores, Furnas, San Miguel

Etymology

undetermined

Collection

MSU

Mermessus maculatus (Banks, 1892)

Mermessus maculatusCalixto et al. 2013: 182; Henderson 2007: 52, 54, 56, 60, 74, 77, 79, 83; Miller 2007: 256 [T]

Eperigone maculata (Banks, 1892); Buckle et al. 2001: 114; Cokendolpher and Reddell 2001b: 50; Dean and Sterling 1990: 402; Jackman 1997: 164; Millidge 1987: 30, mf, desc. (figs 106–111); Reddell 1965: 172; Reddell 1970: 405; Reddell and Cokendolpher 2004: 87; Reddell and Smith 1965: 20; Vogel 1970b: 11

Distribution

Bell, Bexar, Brazoria, Brazos, Comal, Coryell, Edwards, Erath, Harris, Hays, Jasper, Kerr, Lampasas, Leon, Newton, Panola, Robertson, Val Verde

Locality

Camp Bullis, Fort Hood, Holmes Pecan Orchard, Lick Creek Park, Texas A&M University Rangeland Area

Caves

Bell (Keilman Cave [Fort Hood], Plasma Cave); Bexar (Backhole, Haz Mat Pit, Kamikazi Cricket Cave, Madla’s Cave, Madla’s Drop Cave, Persimmon Pit, Stevens Ranch Cave No. 1, Stone Oak Parkway Pit); Comal (Camp Bullis Bad Air Cave, Washington Cave); Coryell ([all Fort Hood] Chigiouxs’ Cave, Copperhead Sink No. 2, Plateau Cave No. 2, Porter Cave, Runoff Cave); Edwards (Devil’s Sinkhole); Hays (Ezell’s Cave); Lampasas (Enough Cave); Val Verde (H. T. Miers Cave)

Time of activity

Male (February 15 – March 15, March – July, September, September 28-October 4, November); female (January – February, April – June, September – November)

Habitat

(grass: short grass); (landscape features: cave); (littoral: sedge meadow); (orchard: pecan); (soil/woodland: leaf litter, post oak woodland, upland woods)

Method

Berlese funnel [mf]; pitfall trap [mf]; suction trap [mf]

Type

New York, Ithaca, Coy Glen

Etymology

Latin, several pairs of transverse indistinct white spots on abdomen

Collection

TAMU, TMM, TTU

Mermessus paulus (Millidge, 1987)

Mermessus paulusMiller 2007: 256 [T]

Eperigone paula Millidge, 1987; Buckle et al. 2001: 114; Jackman 1997: 164; Millidge 1987: 38, f, desc. (figs 137–138)

Distribution

Hidalgo

Time of activity

Female (October)

Type

Texas (female, Hidalgo Co., 5 miles E Rio Grande City, October 31, 1936, S. Mulaik, holotype, AMNH)

[male unknown]

Etymology

adjective meaning small

Mermessus tibialis (Millidge, 1987)

Mermessus tibialisMiller 2007: 256 [T]

Eperigone tibialis Millidge, 1987 [Millidge 1987: 21, mf, desc. (figs 49–52)]

Distribution

Clay, Wichita

Type

New Mexico, Sierra Co., San Fidel

Etymology

Latin, prominent palpal tibia

Collection

MSU

Mermessus tridentatus (Emerton, 1882)

Mermessus tridentatusMiller 2007: 256 [T]

Eperigone tridentata (Emerton, 1882); Brown 1974: 234; Buckle et al. 2001: 114; Dean and Sterling 1990: 402, 404; Irungu 2007: 31; Jackman 1997: 164; Jones 1936: 69; Millidge 1987: 21, mf, desc. (figs 53–58); Vogel 1970b: 11

Distribution

Brazos, Cherokee, Dallas, Harris, Hidalgo, Jefferson, Nacogdoches, Walker

Locality

Ellis Prison Unit, Lake Striker

Time of activity

Male (June, November); female (April – July, October)

Habitat

(crops: cabbage); (structures: on wall in kitchen)

Method

pitfall trap [m]; suction trap [mf]

Type

Rhode Island, Providence; Connecticut, New Haven

Etymology

Latin, palpal organ has three teeth

Collection

TAMU

Mermessus trilobatus (Emerton, 1882)

Mermessus trilobatusMiller 2007: 256 [T]

Eperigone trilobata (Emerton, 1882) [Millidge 1987: 8, mf, desc. (figs 1–8, 165, 167–168)]

Distribution

Colorado

Locality

Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge

Time of activity

Female (May)

Method

pitfall trap [f]

Type

Massachusetts, Cambridge; Connecticut, New Haven

Etymology

Latin, palpal organ has three teeth

Collection

TAMU

Genus Neriene Blackwall, 1833

Neriene radiata (Walckenaer, 1841)

Neriene radiataBuckle et al. 2001: 133 [S, T]; Cokendolpher and Reddell 2001b: 52; Jackman 1997: 63, desc., 165; Roth 1988: 44; Young and Edwards 1990: 19 [Helsdingen 1969: 223, mf, desc. (figs 315–324)]

Linyphia marginata C. L. Koch, 1834; Blauvelt 1936: 110, mf, desc. (figs 26–31)

Prolinyphia marginata (C. L. Koch, 1834); Agnew et al. 1985: 3

Distribution

Archer, Bastrop, Bell, Brazos, Clay, Comanche, Erath, Harrison, Hidalgo, Montague, Montgomery, Nacogdoches, Red River, Shelby, Travis, Tyler, Walker

Locality

Bastrop State Park, Fort Hood, Jones State Forest, Lick Creek Park, Nabor’s Lake, Sam Houston National Forest, Stubblefield Lake

Caves

Bell (Long Joint Sink [Fort Hood])

Time of activity

Male (April – October); female (March – October)

Habitat

(crops: peanuts); (landscape features: cave); (littoral: near water, sedge meadow); (plants: vegetation); (soil/woodland: bottomland forest, trees/shrubs, woods); (web: in web)

Method

Beating [mf]; flight intercept trap [m]; pitfall trap [m]; sweeping [mf]

Type

Georgia

Etymology

Latin, radius of web

Collection

DMNS, MSU, TAMU, TMM

Genus Oaphantes Chamberlin & Ivie, 1943

Oaphantes pallidulus (Banks, 1904)

Oaphantes pallidulus [Chamberlin and Ivie 1943: 8, mf, desc. (figs 10–11)]

Distribution

Wichita

Type

California, Claremont

Etymology

Latin, color

Collection

MSU

Genus Scylaceus Bishop & Crosby, 1938

Scylaceus sp.

ScylaceusReddell 1965: 173

Distribution

King

Caves

King (River Styx Cave)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave)

Collection

TMM

Genus Soulgas Crosby & Bishop, 1936

Soulgas corticarius (Emerton, 1909)

Soulgas corticariusAgnew et al. 1985: 6; Jackman 1997: 165; Roth 1985: B-22–5; Roth 1994: 115 [Paquin and Dupérré 2003: 121, mf (figs 1262–1264)]

Distribution

Erath

Time of activity

Male (December)

Method

suction trap [m]

Type

Massachusetts, Cambridge and Boston; Connecticut, New Haven; Rhode Island, Providence

Etymology

Latin, covered with bark

Collection

TAMU

Genus Styloctetor Simon, 1884

Styloctetor purpurescens (Keyserling, 1886)

Styloctetor purpurescensMarusik and Tanasevitch 1998: 154 [T]

Ceratinopsis purpurescens Keyserling, 1886; Agnew et al. 1985: 6; Jackman 1997: 164 [Bishop and Crosby 1930: 25, mf, desc. (figs 31–35)]

Ceratinopsis sp. C; Agnew et al. 1985: 3 [misidentified]

Distribution

Brazos, Erath, Kerr, Travis, Walker

Locality

Ellis Prison Unit, Lick Creek Park

Time of activity

Male (February – June); female (March – August)

Habitat

(crops: cotton, peanuts); (objects: croton cage); (soil/woodland: bottomland forest, edge of woods, Juniperus ashei, Quercus buckleyi, Quercus virginiana, Ulmus crassifolia)

Method

Beating [mf]; D-Vac suction [m]; flight intercept trap [m]; pitfall trap [m] (edge of woods [m]); suction trap [f]; sweeping [mf]

Type

Washington D. C.

Etymology

Latin, purple

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Genus Tapinocyba Simon, 1884

Tapinocyba hortensis (Emerton, 1924)

Tapinocyba hortensisAgnew et al. 1985: 6; Jackman 1997: 165 [Crosby and Bishop 1933: 119, m, desc. (figs 45–48)]

Distribution

Erath

Time of activity

Male (May)

Method

pitfall trap [m]

Type

Massachusetts, Holliston

Etymology

Latin, garden

Collection

TAMU

Genus Tennesseellum Petrunkevitch, 1925

Tennesseellum formicum (Emerton, 1882)

Tennesseellum formicumAgnew et al. 1985: 3, 9; Breene et al. 1993c: 17, 47, 110, mf (figs 177A-C); Buckle et al. 2001: 147 [spelling]; Bumroongsook et al. 1992: 17; Dean and Eger 1986: 141; Dean and Sterling 1987: 6; Dean and Sterling 1990: 402, 404; Dupérré 2013: 174, mf, desc. (figs 15–20, 33, 42, 43, 570–579); Hormiga 1994: 69; Rogers and Horner 1977: 523; Young and Edwards 1990: 19

Tennesseellum formica (Emerton, 1882); Calixto et al. 2013: 180, 183, 186–187, 189; Cokendolpher et al. 2008: 9, 26 (photo 20); Irungu 2007: 31; Ivie 1969: 6 [T]; Jackman 1997: 64, desc., 165

Bathyphantes formica Emerton, 1882; Jones 1936: 69; Vogel 1970b: 12

Distribution

Baylor, Blanco, Brazos, Burleson, Carson, Collin, Colorado, Comanche, Coryell, Dallam, Dallas, Erath, Hidalgo, Houston, Lubbock, Nueces, Robertson, San Patricio, Travis, Uvalde, Walker, Wichita, Williamson

Locality

5-Eagle Ranch, Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge, Bill Haney Pecan Orchard, Browning Ranch, Ellis Prison Unit, Holmes Pecan Orchard, NK Ranch, Pantex Lake (edge), Stiles Farm Foundation

Time of activity

Male (January, March – December); female (March – December)

Habitat

(crops: cabbage, cotton, guar, peanuts); (grass: grass); (orchard: pecan); (plants: bluebonnets, Indian paintbrush); (soil/woodland: post oak savanna with pasture)

Method

cardboard band [mf]; D-Vac suction [m]; fogging [m]; pitfall trap [mf]; suction trap [mf]; sweeping [mf]; tile trap [m]

Type

Connecticut, New Haven

Etymology

Latin, referring to ants

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Genus Tenuiphantes Saaristo & Tanasevitch, 1996

Tenuiphantes sabulosus (Keyserling, 1886)

Tenuiphantes sabulosusSaaristo and Tanasevitch 2000: 264 [T]

Lepthyphantes sabulosa (Keyserling, 1886); Vogel 1970b: 12; Zorsch 1937: 890, mf desc. (figs 73–78)

Lepthyphantes sabulosus (Keyserling, 1886); Buckle et al. 2001: 128; Cokendolpher and Reddell 2001b: 50; Jackman 1997: 165; Roth 1988: 41

Distribution

Bell, Brazos, Dallas

Locality

Fort Hood, Lick Creek Park

Caves

Bell (Treasure Cave [Fort Hood])

Time of activity

Male (November); female (November)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave, under rock); (soil/woodland: bottomland forest litter)

Method

Berlese funnel [m]

Type

Utah, Salt Lake

Etymology

Latin, sandy

Collection

TAMU

Tenuiphantes zebra (Emerton, 1882)

Tenuiphantes zebraSaaristo and Tanasevitch 1996: 182 [T]

Lepthyphantes zebra (Emerton, 1882); Dean and Sterling 1990: 404; Jackman 1997: 165 [Zorsch 1937: 887, mf, desc. (figs 67–72)]

Distribution

Walker, Williamson

Locality

Ellis Prison Unit, Stiles Farm Foundation

Time of activity

Female (May – June)

Habitat

(crops: cotton)

Method

pitfall trap [f]; suction trap [f]

Type

Massachusetts, eastern; Connecticut, New Haven

Etymology

Latin, gray stripes on side

Collection

TAMU

Genus Tutaibo Chamberlin, 1916

Tutaibo anglicanus (Hentz, 1850)

Tutaibo anglicanusBuckle et al. 2001: 148; Jackman 1997: 165; Millidge 1991: 165 [T, spelling], mf (figs 693–694); Roth 1994: 115

Ceratinopsis anglicana (Hentz, 1850); Bishop and Crosby 1930: 15, mf, desc. (figs 1–4); Bumroongsook et al. 1992: 17; Dean and Sterling 1987: 6; Dean and Sterling 1990: 402; Li 1990: 137, 142, 144; Liao et al. 1984: 410; Roth 1988: 4

Distribution

Brazos, Burleson, Cameron, Colorado, Harris, Matagorda, Polk, Robertson, San Patricio, Travis, Victoria, Walker

Locality

Adriance Pecan Orchard, Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge, Brison Pecan Orchard, Ellis Prison Unit, Holmes Pecan Orchard, South Padre Island

Time of activity

Male (May – August, October – December); female (March – August, October – December)

Habitat

(crops: cotton); (grass: grassland); (orchard: pecan); (soil/woodland: trees, Juniperus ashei, Quercus virginiana, Ulmus crassifolia)

Method

Beating [f]; fogging [mf]; pitfall trap [f]; suction trap [mf]; sweeping [f]

Type

Alabama

Etymology

Latin, anglican

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Genus Walckenaeria Blackwall, 1833

Walckenaeria puella Millidge, 1983

Walckenaeria puellaAgnew et al. 1985: 3; Buckle et al. 2001: 151; Calixto et al. 2013: 183; Irungu 2007: 31; Jackman 1997: 165; Millidge 1983: 142, f, desc. (figs 108, 132); Roth 1988: 21; Young and Edwards 1990: 19

Distribution

Coryell, Erath, Hidalgo, Jim Wells, Robertson, Williamson

Locality

Holmes Pecan Orchard, Stiles Farm Foundation

Time of activity

Female (March – August)

Habitat

(crops: cabbage, cotton, peanuts); (orchard: pecan); (soil/woodland: on ground, post oak savanna with pasture)

Method

pitfall trap [f]

Type

Texas (female, Jim Wells Co., Alice, May 15–30, 1961, R. O. Albert, holotype, MCZ)

[male unknown]

Etymology

Latin, girl

Collection

MCZ, TAMU

Walckenaeria spiralis (Emerton, 1882)

Walckenaeria spiralisAgnew et al. 1985: 3; Breene et al. 1993c: 18, 47, 110, mf (figs 176A-B); Buckle et al. 2001: 151; Calixto et al. 2013: 183; Dean and Eger 1986: 141; Dean and Sterling 1987: 6; Dean and Sterling 1990: 402, 404; Henderson 2007: 61, 77, 80, 83; Jackman 1997: 165; Young and Edwards 1990: 19 [Millidge 1983: 113, mf, desc. (figs 2, 4, 8–9, 14–16, 22–23, 28, 67, 109, 112)]

Distribution

Brazos, Burleson, Colorado, Delta, Erath, Robertson, Tyler, Walker, Wichita

Locality

Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge, Big Thicket National Preserve, Ellis Prison Unit, Holmes Pecan Orchard, Lick Creek Park

Time of activity

Male (January, March – November); female (April – September, November – December)

Habitat

(crops: alfalfa, cotton, peanuts); (orchard: pecan); (plants: bluebonnets, Indian paintbrush); (soil/woodland: hardwood litter, post oak woodland)

Method

D-Vac suction [f]; pitfall trap [mf]; suction trap [mf]; sweeping [mf]

Type

Connecticut, New Haven

Etymology

Latin, palpal organ very large, tube stiff, coiled in two large spirals

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Family Liocranidae Simon, 1897

Genus Neoanagraphis Gertsch & Mulaik, 1936

Neoanagraphis chamberlini Gertsch & Mulaik, 1936

Neoanagraphis chamberliniBradley 2013: 147; Broussard and Horner 2006: 254; Ramirez 2014: 367; Richman et al. 2011a: 47; Trevino 2014: 13; Ubick and Richman 2005b: 163; Vetter 2001: 4, mf, desc. (figs 2–5)

Distribution

Brewster, Culberson, Hudspeth, Presidio, Webb

Locality

Chihuahuan desert, Dalquest Research Site

Caves

Culberson (Granado Cave)

Time of activity

Male (September, “November/December”); female (August, “November/December”)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave); (nest/prey: nest of Cratageomys castanops)

Method

pitfall trap [mf]

Type

New Mexico, White Sands

Etymology

Person (arachnologist)

Collection

MSU, TMM

Family Lycosidae Sundevall, 1833

Note. Species incorrectly reported from Texas

Pardosa montgomeryi Gertsch, 1934; Bonnet 1958: 3389; Gertsch 1934a: 24 [Edinburg, misidentified]; Gertsch and Wallace 1935: 3; Roewer 1955: 193; Vogel 1964: 15; Vogel 1970b: 13; Vogel 2004: 64 [type locality incorrect, should be New Mexico]

Pardosa mulaiki Gertsch, 1934; Bonnet 1958: 3394; Dondale and Redner 1986: 828 [type locality of Texas incorrect, actually Colorado]; Gertsch 1934a: 22 [type from Edinburg]; Roewer 1955: 193; Vogel 1970b: 13

Pardosa prolifica F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1902; Jones 1936: 69 [not in United States]

Pirata piraticus (Clerck, 1757); Jackman 1997: 165; Vogel 1970b: 14 [not in Texas]

Pirata febriculosa (Becker, 1881); Chamberlin 1908: 311; Petrunkevitch 1911: 576 [not in Texas]

Sosippus mimus Chamberlin, 1924; Comstock 1940: 639 [not in Texas]

Genus Allocosa Banks, 1900

Allocosa absoluta (Gertsch, 1934)

Allocosa absolutaAgnew et al. 1985: 4; Breene et al. 1993c: 18, 47, 94, mf (figs 129A-C); Calixto et al. 2013: 183; Dondale and Redner 1983b: 943 [T], mf, desc. (figs 5–6, 38–41); Jackman 1997: 165; Young and Edwards 1990: 19

Arctosa absoluta Gertsch, 1934; Gertsch 1934d: 9, m, desc. (fig. 1); Vogel 1970b: 12

Arctosa floridiana (Banks, 1896); Gertsch and Wallace 1937: 3 [Texas records]

Arctosa floridana (Banks, 1896); Vogel 1970b: 12 [Texas records]

Distribution

Eastern ½ Texas; Brazos, Burleson, Comanche, Erath, Hidalgo, Kenedy, Walker

Locality

5-Eagle Ranch, Bentsen-Rio Grande Valley State Park, Bill Haney Pecan Orchard, Ellis Prison Unit, Kenedy Ranch, NK Ranch

Time of activity

Male (April – June, August); female (March – July, October)

Habitat

(crops: cotton, peanuts); (littoral: under rock by creek, edge of pond, near pond, sand dune area); (orchard: pecan); (structures: indoors)

Method

pitfall trap [mf] (edge of pond [m], near pond [mf])

Type

Texas (male, Hidalgo Co., Edinburg, no date, S. Mulaik, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Latin, differs from several other species [chamberlini, funerea, furtiva]

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Allocosa apora (Gertsch, 1934)

Allocosa aporaDondale and Redner 1983b: 945, mf, desc. (figs 21, 67–71); Jackman 1997: 165

Distribution

Hidalgo

Type

Costa Rica, San Jose

Etymology

Latin, hard to get

Allocosa floridiana (Chamberlin, 1908)

Allocosa floridiana [Dondale and Redner 1983b: 944, mf, desc. (figs 7, 42–44)]

Distribution

Burleson, Cameron

Locality

Russell Farm

Time of activity

Male (March, September); female (September)

Method

Boll weevil pheromone trap [m]; pitfall trap [mf]

Type

Florida, Punta Gorda

Etymology

locality (state)

Collection

NMSU, TAMU

Allocosa funerea (Hentz, 1844)

Allocosa funereaAgnew et al. 1985: 7; Dondale and Redner 1983b: 938, mf, desc. (figs 1–4, 35–37); Dondale and Redner 1990: 233, mf, desc. (figs 343–349); Jackman 1997: 165

Distribution

East, central and north-central Texas; Coryell, Erath, Wichita

Time of activity

Male (May); female (May – June)

Habitat

(littoral: near pond); (soil/woodland: sandy area); (structures: indoors); (soil/woodland: post oak savanna with pasture)

Method

pitfall trap [mf] (in sand [m], near pond [f])

Type

Alabama

Etymology

Latin, funereal

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Allocosa furtiva (Gertsch, 1934)

Allocosa furtivaDondale and Redner 1983b: 943, mf, desc. (figs 12–13, 56–59); Jackman 1997: 165

Distribution

Hidalgo

Type

Florida, Lake Co.

Etymology

Latin, stealthy

Allocosa mulaiki (Gertsch, 1934)

Allocosa mulaikiDondale and Redner 1983b: 938 [T], mf desc. (figs 8–9, 45–50); Jackman 1997: 165

Arctosa mulaiki Gertsch, 1934; Bonnet 1955: 655; Gertsch 1934a: 10, mf, desc.; Roewer 1955: 231; Vogel 1970b: 12

Distribution

Central, southeast, and south Texas; Hidalgo

Type

Texas (female, Hidalgo Co., Edinburg, no date, S. Mulaik, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Person (Female holotype, and male allotype from Edinburgh, Texas, collected by Mr. Stanley Mulaik for whom the species is named, Gertsch 1934a).

Allocosa noctuabunda (Montgomery, 1904)

Allocosa noctuabundaDondale and Redner 1983b: 947 [T], mf, desc. (figs 14–15, 60–61); Henderson 2007: 58–59, 77, 80, 83; Jackman 1997: 165

Trochosa noctuabunda Montgomery, 1904; Montgomery 1904: 301, mf, desc. (pl. 18, figs 9–10)

Arctosa noctuabunda (Montgomery, 1904); Gertsch 1934a: 7; Vogel 1970b: 12

Allocosa noctuabunda (Montgomery, 1904); Roewer 1955: 211 [S]

Allocosa degesta Chamberlin, 1904; Petrunkevitch 1911: 550

Distribution

Brazos, Caldwell, Jeff Davis, Kerr, Llano, Travis

Locality

Davis Mountains, Lick Creek Park, Raven Ranch

Time of activity

Male (April – May); female (May)

Habitat

(soil/woodland: disturbed habitat)

Method

pitfall trap [mf]

Type

Texas (male, female, Travis Co., Austin, no date, no collector, syntypes, AMNH)

Etymology

Latin, traveling by night

Collection

DMNS, TAMU

Allocosa pylora Chamberlin, 1925

Allocosa pyloraChamberlin 1925: 226, m, desc.; Dondale and Redner 1983b: 942, mf desc. (figs 16–17, 62–63); Jackman 1997: 165

Distribution

El Paso, Travis

Type

Texas (male, El Paso Co., El Paso, no date, no collector, holotype, MCZ)

Etymology

Greek, a gate or entrance keeper

Allocosa retenta (Gertsch & Wallace, 1935)

Allocosa retentaRoewer 1955: 211 [T]; Yantis 2005: 196, 199

Lycosa retenta Gertsch and Wallace, 1935; Bonnet 1957: 2661; Gertsch 1939b: 26; Gertsch and Wallace 1935: 17, m, desc. (fig. 30); Milstead 1958: 445; Vogel 1970b: 13; Wallace 1942b: 8, m (figs 3–4)

Hogna retenta (Gertsch and Wallace, 1935); Jackman 1997: 165

Distribution

Anderson, Brewster, Crosby, Culberson, Leon, Presidio, Terrell, Travis, Val Verde

Locality

Black Gap Wildlife Management Area, Blackstone Ranch, Chisos Basin, Chisos Mountains, La Mota Mountains

Time of activity

Male (June, September 27-October 6, November)

Habitat

(nest/prey: stomach of Cnemidophorus sacki, stomach of Cnemidophorus tessellatus, stomach of Cnemidophorus tigris); (soil/woodland: pine woods [%: 69], post oak woods [%: 93])

Method

5 gallon bucket trap [m]

Type

Texas (male, Travis Co., Austin, no date, J. H. Montgomery, holotype, AMNH)

[female unknown]

Etymology

Latin, hold back

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Genus Alopecosa Simon, 1885

Alopecosa aculeata (Clerck, 1757)

Alopecosa aculeataRichman et al. 2011a: 47 [Dondale and Redner 1979: 1038, mf, desc. (figs 1, 4–5, 17, 22–24, 26)]

Alopecosa aculeate (Clerck, 1757); Broussard and Horner 2006: 254

Distribution

Brewster, Presidio, Sutton

Locality

Chihuahuan desert, Dalquest Research Site

Method

pitfall trap [mf]

Type

Sweden

Etymology

Latin, aculeate (pointed)

Collection

MSU

Alopecosa kochi (Keyserling, 1877)

Alopecosa kochiBradley 2013: 149; Dondale and Redner 1979: 1039, mf, desc. (figs 2–3, 7–8, 25, 27–32); Jackman 1997: 165; Platnick 1989: 362 [spelling]; Roberts 2001: 49

Alopecosa kochii (Keyserling, 1877); Dondale and Redner 1990: 307, mf, desc. (figs 500–510)

Distribution

Cameron, Potter

Locality

Wildcat Bluff Nature Center

Type

North America

Etymology

Person (arachnologist)

Genus Arctosa C. L. Koch, 1847

Arctosa littoralis (Hentz, 1844)

Arctosa littoralisAgnew et al. 1985: 4; Barron et al. 1999: 550; Dondale and Redner 1983a: 24 [S, T], mf, desc. (figs 65–74); Gertsch 1934a: 7; Henderson 2007: 55, 77, 80, 83; Jackman 1997: 86, desc., 165; Jones 1936: 69; Rapp 1984: 6; Vogel 1970b: 12; Young and Edwards 1990: 19

Trochosa cinerea (Fabricius, 1793); Montgomery 1904: 305, mf, desc. (pl. 20, figs 43)

Lycosa cinerea (Fabricius, 1793); Chamberlin 1908: 281, mf (pl. 20, figs 5–6)

Arctosa cinerea (Fabricius, 1793); Vogel 1970b: 12

Arctosa trifida F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1902; Gertsch and Wallace 1935: 5; Roewer 1955: 231; Vogel 1970b: 12

Distribution

Widespread; Archer, Brazos, Brewster, Cameron, Coke, Comanche, Dallas, Erath, Galveston, Hidalgo, Hunt, Kerr, Randall, Travis, Uvalde, Wichita, Williamson

Locality

Bentsen-Rio Grande Valley State Park, Chisos Pass, Lick Creek Park, Palo Duro Canyon State Park

Time of activity

Male (March – May, July, October); female (April – August)

Habitat

(crops: peanuts); (littoral: beach dune at night, creek bank, edge of pond, near [pond, water]); (nest/prey: feeding on Cophosaurus texana); (soil/woodland: post oak woodland, sandy area)

Method

at night; pitfall trap [mf] (edge of pond [mf], near pond [m])

Type

North Carolina

Etymology

Latin, place, edge of river

Collection

DMNS, MSU, TAMU

Arctosa minuta F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1902

Arctosa minutaDondale and Redner 1983a: 21, mf, desc. (figs 50–56); Jackman 1997: 165

Distribution

South Texas

Type

Guatemala

Etymology

Latin, size

Genus Camptocosa Dondale, Jiménez & Nieto, 2005

Camptocosa parallela (Banks, 1898)

Camptocosa parallelaDondale et al. 2005: 43 [T], mf, desc. (figs 1–3)

Schizocosa parallela (Banks, 1898); Milstead 1958: 445

Distribution

Bexar, Brewster, Culberson, Presidio, Terrell, Travis, Val Verde

Locality

Big Bend National Park, Blackstone Ranch, Chisos Basin, La Mota Mountains

Caves

Bexar (Cave of the Bearded Tree, Cave of the Half-Snake); Culberson (Hully Gully Cave); Travis (Lunsford Cave); Val Verde (Wren Cave)

Time of activity

Male (May); female (May, July – August)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave); (nest/prey: stomach of Cnemidophorus tessellatus)

Type

Mexico, Baja California Sur

Etymology

Latin, stripe on each side of cephalothorax

Collection

TMM

Camptocosa texana Dondale, Jiménez & Nieto, 2005

Camptocosa texanaDondale et al. 2005: 44, m, desc. (fig. 4) [Slowik and Cushing 2008: 543, f, desc. (figs 1–3, 5)]

Distribution

Culberson, Hidalgo, Kleberg

Caves

Culberson (Hully Gully Cave)

Time of activity

Male (April, April 30-May 7, July, August, September)

Habitat

(grass: grass); (landscape features: cave)

Method

pitfall trap [m]

Type

Texas (male, Kleberg Co., 2 miles S Riviera, 14 April 1963, W. J. Gertsch and W. Ivie, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

locality (The specific epithet is derived from the name of the State of Texas, Dondale et al. 2005).

Collection

TAMU

Genus Geolycosa Montgomery, 1904

Geolycosa fatifera (Hentz, 1842)

Geolycosa fatiferaBonnet 1957: 1988; Jackman 1997: 165; Petrunkevitch 1911: 554; Vogel 1970b: 12 [Wallace 1942a: 9 [T], mf, desc. (figs 3–4, 33, 46–49, 75, 85, 96, 106)]

Lycosa fatifera (Hentz, 1842); Chamberlin 1908: 241, f, desc. (pl. 20, fig. 8)

Distribution

Texas

Type

Alabama

Etymology

Latin, fatal

Geolycosa latifrons Montgomery, 1904

Geolycosa latifronsJackman 1997: 165; Montgomery 1904: 295, mf (pl. 19, figs 15–18); Vogel 1970b: 12; Wallace 1942a: 45, mf, desc. (figs 5–6, 36, 74)

Distribution

Travis

Type

Texas (male, female, Travis Co., no date, J. H. Montgomery, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Latin, cephalothorax high at posterior eyes

Collection

MCZ

Geolycosa missouriensis (Banks, 1895)

Geolycosa missouriensisDondale and Redner 1990: 30, mf, desc. (figs 12–14, 16); Jackman 1997: 165; Kaston 1972: 197, desc.; Kaston 1978: 187, desc.; Vogel 1970b: 13; Wallace 1942a: 13, mf, desc. (figs 1–2, 34, 50–51, 76, 86, 97, 107)

Distribution

Brazos

Time of activity

Female (May)

Type

Missouri, Springfield

Etymology

locality (state)

Geolycosa riograndae Wallace, 1942

Geolycosa riograndaeAgnew et al. 1985: 4; Jackman 1997: 165; Wallace 1942a: 49, mf, desc. (figs 15–16, 35, 52, 82, 92, 100, 110); Young and Edwards 1990: 19

Geolycosa riogrande Wallace, 1942; Vogel 1967: 101; Vogel 1970b: 13

Scaptocosa riograndae (Wallace, 1942); Roewer 1955: 293

Distribution

Erath, Hidalgo, Zapata

Time of activity

Male (September – October); female (November)

Habitat

(crops: peanuts)

Type

Texas (male, Hidalgo Co., Edinburg, October 1934, S. Mulaik, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

locality (river in Texas)

Collection

TAMU

Genus Gladicosa Brady, 1987

Gladicosa euepigynata (Montgomery, 1904)

Gladicosa euepigynataBrady 1987: 312 [T], mf, desc. (figs 5, 15–17, 43–46); Jackman 1997: 165

Lycosa euepigynata Montgomery, 1904; Banks 1910: 55; Gertsch 1934d: 8; Gertsch and Wallace 1935: 22 (figs 44–45); Montgomery 1904: 279, mf, desc. (figs 1–2); Vogel 1970b: 13

Hogna euepigynata (Montgomery, 1904); Roewer 1955: 258

Distribution

Bandera, Hays, Kendall, Kerr, Tom Green, Travis

Locality

Raven Ranch

Time of activity

Male (January, December); female (April, December)

Habitat

(littoral: under stone near water)

Type

Texas (female, Travis Co., Austin, no date, T. H. Montgomery, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Greek, copulatory

Gladicosa gulosa (Walckenaer, 1837)

Gladicosa gulosaBrady 1987: 290 [T], mf, desc. (figs 4, 6–9, 35–36); Dondale and Redner 1990: 88, mf, desc. (figs 105–107); Jackman 1997: 165

Lycosa gulosa Walckenaer, 1837; Chamberlin 1908: 265, m, desc. (pl. 21, figs 6–7); Petrunkevitch 1911: 560; Vogel 1970b: 13

Alopecosa gulosa (Walckenaer, 1837); Vogel 1970b: 12

Distribution

Dallas, Grayson, Jasper, Wichita

Time of activity

Male (January, October); female (October, December)

Type

North America

Etymology

Latin, gluttonous

Gladicosa huberti (Chamberlin, 1924)

Gladicosa hubertiYantis 2005: 200 [Brady 1987: 305, mf, desc. (figs 1, 18–20, 27–28)]

Distribution

Walker

Time of activity

Female (April)

Habitat

(soil/woodland: pine woods [%: 86])

Method

5 gallon bucket trap [f]

Type

Louisiana, Talisheek

Etymology

Person (collector, H. E. Hubert)

Collection

TAMU

Gladicosa pulchra (Keyserling, 1877)

Gladicosa pulchraBradley 2013: 152; Brady 1987: 299 [S, T], mf, desc. (figs 3, 10–14, 37–42); Jackman 1997: 165; Yantis 2005: 66, 197, 200

Lycosa pulchra (Keyserling, 1877); Gertsch 1934d: 8; Gertsch and Wallace 1935: 21 (figs 38, 41); Jones 1936: 69; Roble 1986: 135; Vogel 1970b: 13

Scaptocosa pulchra (Keyserling, 1877); Roewer 1955: 293

Lycosa insopita Montgomery, 1904; Montgomery 1904: 280, mf, desc. (figs 3–4)

Distribution

Anderson, Bandera, Brazos, Comal, Dallas, DeWitt, Grimes, Harris, Hays (not Hale), Houston, Kerr, Leon, Madison, Smith, Travis, Walker

Locality

Raven Ranch, Tyler State Park

Time of activity

Male (April, October – December); female (March – May, September – December)

Habitat

(landscape features: under stone); (soil/woodland: pine woods [%: 60, 66, 69, 77, 83, 84], post oak woods [%: 44, 49, 56, 84, 91, 94])

Method

5 gallon bucket trap [mf]

Type

North America

Etymology

Latin, beautiful

Collection

TAMU

Genus Hesperocosa Gertsch & Wallace, 1937

Hesperocosa unica (Gertsch & Wallace, 1935)

Hesperocosa unicaBradley 2013: 153; Comstock 1940: 653, desc.; Dondale 2005: 167, 169; Gertsch and Wallace 1937: 5 [T]; Jackman 1997: 165; Milstead 1958: 445; Roberts 2001: 49; Roth 1982: 28–3; Roth 1985: B-24–3, B-24–4; Roth 1994: 125; Vogel 1970b: 13

Schizocosa unica Gertsch and Wallace, 1935; Gertsch and Wallace 1935: 9, mf, desc. (figs 21–22); Vogel 1970b: 14

Distribution

Jeff Davis, Potter, Presidio

Locality

Wildcat Bluff Nature Center

Time of activity

Female (July)

Habitat

(nest/prey: stomach of Cnemidophorus perplexus, stomach of Cnemidophorus sacki)

Type

New Mexico, Hope

Etymology

Latin, unique

Genus Hogna Simon, 1885

Hogna antelucana (Montgomery, 1904)

Hogna antelucanaBreene et al. 1993c: 18, 47, 98, mf (figs 140A-C); Calixto et al. 2013: 183, 190; Cokendolpher et al. 2008: 9, 26 (photo 22–24, figs 9–10); Jackman 1997: 165; Roberts 2001: 49; Roewer 1955: 257 [S, T]

Lycosa antelucana Montgomery, 1904; Agnew et al. 1985: 4, 10–11; Banks 1910: 55; Brown 1974: 234; Gertsch and Wallace 1935: 13, mf, desc. (figs 25–26); Jones 1936: 69; Milstead 1958: 445; Montgomery 1904: 282, mf, desc. (figs 5–6); Petrunkevitch 1911: 554; Reddell 1970: 406; Vogel 1970b: 13; Young and Edwards 1990: 19

Lycosa apicata Banks, 1904; Banks 1904: 114; Chamberlin 1908: 232, f, desc. (pl. 17, figs 1–2); Comstock 1912: 629

Allocosa sp. nr georgicola (Walckenaer, 1837); Henderson 2007: 55, 80, 83 [misidentified]; Yantis 2005: 196 [misidentified]

Hogna helluo (Walckenaer, 1837); Henderson 2007: 57–58, 77, 80, 83 [misidentified]; Irungu 2007: 28, 31[misidentified]; Yantis 2005: 197, 200 [misidentified]

Hogna sp. nr helluo (Walckenaer, 1837); Henderson 2007: 61–63, 65, 77, 80, 83 [misidentified]

Hogna sp. nr lenta (Hentz, 1844); Yantis 2005: 197, 200 [misidentified]

Hogna sp. nr frondicola (Emerton, 1885); Henderson 2007: 55, 60, 65, 77, 80, 83 [misidentified]; Irungu 2007: 31 [misidentified]

Hogna sp. nr annexa (Chamberlin and Ivie, 1944); Henderson 2007: 67, 77, 80, 83 [misidentified]

Distribution

Anderson, Archer, Baylor, Bexar, Brazos, Burleson, Calhoun, Cameron, Carson, Clay, Colorado, Comanche, Coryell, Dallas, Edwards, Erath, Floyd, Haskell, Hidalgo, Houston, Hunt, Jeff Davis, Kimble, Kleberg, Knox, Leon, Lubbock, Madison, Nacogdoches, Potter, Presidio, Randall, Robertson, San Patricio, Travis, Trinity, Val Verde, Walker, Washington, Wichita, Williamson

Locality

Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge, Bill Haney Pecan Orchard, Ellis Prison Unit, Holmes Pecan Orchard, Lick Creek Park, Palo Duro Canyon State Park, Pantex Lake, Stiles Farm Foundation, Welder Wildlife Refuge, Wildcat Bluff Nature Center

Caves

Edwards (Punkin Cave); Val Verde (Fern Cave)

Time of activity

Male (January, March – December); female (January – December)

Habitat

(crops: cabbage, cotton, peanuts, soybean); (grass: grassland, pasture); (landscape features: cave); (littoral: near playa); (nest/prey: stomach of Cnemidophorus sacki); (orchard: pecan); (soil/woodland: disturbed habitat, hackberry woodland, juniper, pine woods [%: 69, 77, 80, 82, 88, 95, 97, 100], post oak savanna with grassland, post oak woodland, post oak woods [%: 92], upland woods, woods); (structures: indoors)

Method

5 gallon bucket trap [mf]; pitfall trap [mf] (in woods [m], near pond [m], pasture [m], under oak [m])

Eggs/spiderlings

Coryell [222 spiderlings]; Williamson [55, 74, 108, 108, 158, 193, 263, 429 spiderlings] [TAMU]

Type

Texas (male, female, Travis Co., Austin, no date, no collector, holotype)

Etymology

Latin, common in autumn, none in winter

Collection

DMNS, JCC, MSU, TAMU, TMM

Hogna baltimoriana (Keyserling, 1877)

Hogna baltimorianaBradley 2013: 154; Platnick 2006 [S, T] [Dondale and Redner 1990: 47 [T], mf, desc. (figs 36–38)]

Geolycosa baltimoriana (Keyserling, 1877); Montgomery 1904: 297, mf, desc. (pl. 19, fig. 19)

Lycosa baltimoriana (Keyserling, 1877); Petrunkevitch 1911: 556

Lycosa lenta baltimoriana Keyserling, 1877; Chamberlin 1908: 246; Comstock 1912: 629

Lycosa benedicta Chamberlin, 1925; Chamberlin 1925: 227, mf, desc.; Vogel 1970b: 13

Hogna benedicta (Chamberlin, 1925); Jackman 1997: 165; Roewer 1955: 258

Distribution

Dallas, Travis

Type

North America

Etymology

of city of Baltimore

Hogna carolinensis (Walckenaer, 1805)

Hogna carolinensisBarron et al. 1999: 550; Broussard and Horner 2006: 254; Cokendolpher et al. 2008: 9, 29; Dondale and Redner 1990: 45, mf, desc. (figs 33–35); Jackman 1997: 87, desc., 165; Punzo 2003: 399; Punzo 2007: 66; Richman et al. 2011a: 47; Roberts 2001: 49; Roewer 1955: 257 [S, T]

Lycosa carolinensis Walckenaer, 1805; Agnew et al. 1985: 7; Bishop and Crosby 1926: 206; Bonnet 1957: 2605; Brown 1974: 234; Chamberlin 1908: 246, mf, desc. (pl. 21, figs 1–2); Kunath and Smith 1968: 37; Reddell 1965: 173; Vogel 1970b: 13

Geolycosa texana Montgomery, 1904; Montgomery 1904: 293, mf, desc. (pl. 18, figs 13–14); Pritchett 1904b: 860

Distribution

North-central Texas; Brazos, Brewster, Burleson, Carson, Culberson, Edwards, Erath, Jasper, Potter, Presidio, Rusk, Terrell, Travis, Uvalde, Val Verde, Washington, Wichita, Williamson

Locality

Big Bend National Park, Chihuahuan desert, Dalquest Research Site, Pantex Lake, Wildcat Bluff Nature Center

Caves

Edwards (Devil’s Sinkhole); Terrell (Goode Cave); Val Verde (Fern Cave); Williamson (Little Lake Cave)

Time of activity

Male (April, June – September); female (March – April, August, September 28-October 5, October)

Habitat

(grass: grassland); (landscape features: cave); (littoral: near playa); (soil/woodland: burrow in rocky ground, post oak savanna with pasture)

Method

pitfall trap [mf]

Eggs/spiderlings

Brazos [245 spiderlings] [TAMU]

Type

Carolina (of 1805)

Etymology

locality (state)

Collection

DMNS, MCZ, MSU, TAMU, TMM

Hogna coloradensis (Banks, 1894)

Hogna coloradensisJackman 1997: 165; Roewer 1955: 258 [T]; Slowik and Cushing 2007: 46, mf, desc. (figs 1–21)

Lycosa coloradensis Banks, 1894; Schoenly 1983: 793

Distribution

El Paso, Pecos, Ward

Locality

Monahans Sandhills State Park

Time of activity

Male (July); female (July)

Type

Colorado, Fort Collins

Etymology

locality (state)

Hogna lenta (Hentz, 1844)

Hogna lentaCalixto et al. 2013: 183; Platnick 2000 [T]

Lycosa lenta Hentz, 1844; Kaston 1978: 196, desc. (fig. 502); Vogel 1970b: 13; Wallace 1942b: 5, mf, desc. (figs 1–2, 18)

Lycosa lenta texana Montgomery, 1904; Banks 1910: 56

Isohogna lenta (Hentz, 1844); Jackman 1997: 165

Distribution

Comanche, Travis

Locality

Bill Haney Pecan Orchard

Time of activity

Male (October)

Habitat

(orchard: pecan)

Method

pitfall trap [m]

Type

North Carolina

Etymology

Latin, slow

Collection

TAMU

Hogna tigana (Gertsch & Wallace, 1935)

Hogna tiganaPlatnick 2000 [T]

Lycosa tigana Gertsch and Wallace, 1935; Bonnet 1957: 2667; Gertsch and Wallace 1935: 14, m, desc. (fig. 32); Gertsch and Wallace 1937: 6, f, desc. (fig. 6); Vogel 1970b: 13; Wallace 1942b: 5, mf (figs 16, 17, 25)

Isohogna tigana (Gertsch and Wallace, 1935); Jackman 1997: 165; Roewer 1955: 263

Distribution

Hidalgo, Kenedy, Nueces, Presidio, San Patricio, Starr, Webb, Williamson

Locality

Big Bend Ranch State Park, Corpus Christi State Park, Kenedy Ranch, Stiles Farm Foundation

Time of activity

Male (March – April, June, October, December); female (March – April, June – July, October, December)

Habitat

(crops: cotton); (littoral: sand dune area)

Method

pitfall trap [mf]

Eggs/spiderlings

Williamson [28, 75, 85, 87 spiderlings] [TAMU]

Type

Texas (male, Hidalgo Co., Edinburg, no date, S. Mulaik, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Latin, a stalk

Collection

NMSU, TAMU

Hogna watsoni (Gertsch, 1934)

Hogna watsoniRoewer 1955: 259 [T]

Lycosa watsoni Gertsch, 1934; Rapp 1984: 6 [Gertsch 1934d: 6, f, desc. (fig. 7)]

Distribution

Galveston (imm.)

Habitat

(grass: grassy and shrub area); (soil/woodland: sandy area)

Type

Georgia, Valdosta

[male unknown]

Etymology

Person (collector, F. E. Watson)

Genus Pardosa C. L. Koch, 1847

Pardosa atlantica Emerton, 1913

Pardosa atlanticaBreene et al. 1993c: 18, 47, 95, m (fig. 133); Dondale and Redner 1984: 88, mf, desc. (fig. 17); Jackman 1997: 88, desc., 165; Nyffeler et al. 1987b: 1119; Vogel 2004: 75, mf, desc. (figs 50, 52)

Distribution

East Texas; Brazos, Burleson, Houston

Locality

Lick Creek Park

Time of activity

Male (March, June – September); female (July – September)

Habitat

(crops: cotton); (grass: pasture)

Method

pitfall trap [mf]

Type

New Jersey, Lakehurst

Etymology

Greek, place, ocean

Collection

TAMU

Pardosa delicatula Gertsch & Wallace, 1935

Pardosa delicatulaAgnew et al. 1985: 7; Armstrong and Richman 2007: 395; Bonnet 1958: 3365; Breene et al. 1993a: 169; Breene et al. 1993b: 647; Breene et al. 1993c: 18, 47, 96, mf (figs 135A-B); Brown 1974: 234; Calixto et al. 2013: 180, 183, 187; Dean and Sterling 1987: 6; Dean et al. 1982: 254; Dondale and Redner 1984: 77, mf, desc. (figs 3, 6, 45–47); Gertsch and Wallace 1935: 4, mf, desc. (figs 13, 17); Irungu 2007: 28, 31; Jackman 1997: 88, desc., 165; Roewer 1955: 189; Rogers and Horner 1977: 523; Vogel 1970b: 13; Vogel 2004: 76, mf, desc. (figs 45, 59); Young and Edwards 1990: 19

Distribution

Widespread; Aransas, Archer, Bastrop, Baylor, Brazos, Brewster, Burleson, Caldwell, Cameron, Colorado, Comanche, Coryell, Dickens, Erath, Hidalgo, Houston, Hunt, Jefferson, Kenedy, Knox, Nueces, Robertson, San Saba, Travis, Walker, Wichita, Williamson

Locality

5-Eagle Ranch, Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge, Bentsen-Rio Grande Valley State Park, Bill Haney Pecan Orchard, Ellis Prison Unit, Holmes Pecan Orchard, Kenedy Ranch, Lick Creek Park, NK Ranch, Russell Farm

Time of activity

Male (February – December); female (February – December)

Habitat

(crops: cabbage, cotton, guar, soybean, sugarcane); (grass: grass, in grass by house, pasture); (littoral: on water in ditch by cotton, sand dune area, sand dune under live oak); (orchard: citrus, pecan); (plants: bluebonnets, vegetation); (soil/woodland: ground, post oak savanna with pasture, trees/shrubs); (structures: around house)

Method

Beating [f]; boll weevil pheromone trap [mf]; fogging [mf]; pitfall trap [mf]; yellow pan trap [m]; sweeping [f]

Eggs/spiderlings

Walker [28 spiderlings] [TAMU]

Type

Texas (male, Hidalgo Co., Edinburg, no date, S. Mulaik, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Latin, delicate

Collection

DMNS, MSU, NMSU, TAMU

Pardosa distincta (Blackwall, 1846)

Pardosa distinctaRapp 1984: 6; Woods and Harrel 1976: 43; Young and Edwards 1990: 19 [Vogel 1964: 10, mf (figs 5–6, 17, 20)]

Distribution

Galveston, Jeff Davis, Jefferson

Habitat

(crops: rice); (littoral: salt marsh area)

Type

Canada, Toronto

Etymology

Latin, distinct

Collection

MSU

Pardosa falcifera F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1902

Pardosa falciferaAgnew et al. 1985: 7; Jackman 1997: 165; Roberts 2001: 49; Vogel 1970a: 15, 20–21, mf, desc. (figs 62–68, 70, 73–74, 91); Vogel 1970b: 13; Vogel 2004: 67, mf, desc. (figs 24, 26)

Distribution

Comanche, Dallas, Jeff Davis, Kerr, Llano, Lubbock, Potter, Presidio, Reeves, Somervell, Travis, Uvalde, Williamson

Locality

Big Bend Ranch State Park, Davis Mountains Resort, Proctor Lake, Raven Ranch, Wildcat Bluff Nature Center

Time of activity

Male (February – April, June – August, December); female (March – April, June – August, October, December)

Habitat

(littoral: along shore, on ground under falls)

Method

yellow pan trap [mf]

Type

Mexico, Guerrero, Omilteme

Etymology

Latin, referring to a sickle

Collection

DMNS, JCC, NMSU, TAMU

Pardosa hamifera F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1902

Pardosa hamifera [Dondale and Redner 1984: 79, mf, desc. (figs 4, 7, 48–49)]

Distribution

Hidalgo

Type

Guatemala

Etymology

Latin, a hook

Collection

DMNS

Pardosa lapidicina Emerton, 1885

Pardosa lapidicinaChamberlin 1908: 195, mf, desc. (pl. 14, figs 7–8); Kaston 1953: 144, desc. (fig. 362); Kaston 1972: 457, desc. (fig. 201); Kaston 1978: 191, desc. (fig. 489) [Barnes 1959: 4, mf, desc. (figs 6–10)]

Distribution

Blanco, Brazos, Brown, Burnet, Clay, Comal, Montague, Travis, Wichita, Williamson

Time of activity

Male (March, November); female (May, October)

Type

Massachusetts and Connecticut

Etymology

Latin, stone trace

Collection

DMNS, MSU, TAMU

Pardosa littoralis Banks, 1896

Pardosa littoralisDondale and Redner 1984: 91, mf, desc. (figs 22, 25, 60–61); Dondale and Redner 1990: 162, mf, desc. (figs 206–209); Jackman 1997: 165; Vogel 2004: 77, mf, desc. (figs 44, 55)

Distribution

Southeast Texas; Nueces

Time of activity

Male (April); female (April)

Type

New York, Long Island, Mill Neck

Etymology

Latin, place, edge of river

Collection

MSU

Pardosa mercurialis Montgomery, 1904

Pardosa mercurialisAgnew et al. 1985: 4, 10; Banks 1910: 59; Barnes 1959: 5 [S], mf, desc. (figs 11–15); Gertsch 1934a: 19 [includes most of the previous records of lapidicina]; Jackman 1997: 165; Jones 1936: 69; Montgomery 1904: 270, mf, desc. (pl. 19, figs 20–21); Pritchett 1904b: 860; Roberts 2001: 49; Roewer 1955: 189; Vogel 1970b: 13; Vogel 2004: 71, mf, desc. (figs 35, 41); Young and Edwards 1990: 19

Pardosa lapidicina Emerton, 1885; Chamberlin 1908: 195; Petrunkevitch 1911: 571 [Texas records]

Pardosa texana Banks, 1904; Banks 1904: 115, f, desc.; Banks 1910: 60

Distribution

Widespread; Brazos, Comanche, Coryell, Dallas, Erath, Hardeman, Jack, Kerr, Montague, Palo Pinto, Potter, San Patricio, Travis, Webb, Wichita, Williamson, Zapata

Locality

Proctor Lake, Texas A&M University Rangeland Area, Wildcat Bluff Nature Center

Time of activity

Male (April – August); female (March – August, October – November)

Habitat

(crops: peanuts); (soil/woodland: post oak savanna with pasture, sandy area); (structures: greenhouse)

Method

pitfall trap [mf]

Eggs/spiderlings

Erath [51, 92 spiderlings] [TAMU]

Type

Texas (male, Travis Co., Austin, no date, no collector, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

of Mercury, mercurial

Collection

DMNS, MSU, TAMU

Pardosa milvina (Hentz, 1844)

Pardosa milvinaAgnew et al. 1985: 7; Banks 1904: 115; Breene 1988: 35–36; Breene et al. 1989: 162; Breene et al. 1993c: 19, 47, 96, mf (figs 136A-C); Brown 1974: 235; Dean and Sterling 1990: 405; Dean et al. 1982: 255; Dondale and Redner 1984: 97 [S], mf, desc. (figs 30–32, 70–71); Dondale and Redner 1990: 165, mf, desc. (figs 201–205); Jackman 1997: 88, desc., 165; Vogel 2004: 77, mf, desc. (figs 49, 56); Woods and Harrel 1976: 43; Young and Edwards 1990: 19

Pardosa nigropalpis Emerton, 1885; Montgomery 1904: 275

Distribution

Eastern ½ Texas; Archer, Brazos, Brewster, Burleson, Clay, Colorado, Coryell, Erath, Houston, Hunt, Jefferson, Lee, Nacogdoches, Nueces, San Saba, Travis, Walker, Wichita, Williamson

Locality

Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge, Ellis Prison Unit, Lick Creek Park, Stiles Farm Foundation, Texas A&M University Rangeland Area

Time of activity

Male (February – September); female (February – October)

Habitat

(crops: cotton, rice); (littoral: edge of pond, near pond, post oak savanna with pasture, sandy shore, sedge meadow)

Method

pitfall trap [mf] (near pond [f]); suction trap [m]

Eggs/spiderlings

Erath [40 spiderlings] [TAMU]

Type

Alabama

Etymology

Latin, rapacious

Collection

DMNS, MSU, TAMU

Pardosa pauxilla Montgomery, 1904

Pardosa pauxillaAgnew et al. 1985: 4, 9; Breene et al. 1993a: 169; Breene et al. 1993c: 19, 47, 96, mf (figs 134A-B); Calixto et al. 2013: 183, 186–187; Chamberlin 1908: 180, f, desc. (pl. 13, fig. 9); Cokendolpher et al. 2008: 29 (photo 25); Dean and Sterling 1987: 6; Dean et al. 1982: 255; Dean et al. 1987: 264; Dean et al. 1988: 285; Dondale and Redner 1984: 94, mf, desc. (figs 24, 27, 65–67); Gertsch and Wallace 1935: 4, mf (figs 11, 15); Irungu 2007: 28, 31; Jackman 1997: 165 (photo 22d); Jones 1936: 69; Milstead 1958: 445; Montgomery 1904: 268, mf, desc. (pl. 19, figs 22–23); Nyffeler et al. 1987b: 1121; Petrunkevitch 1911: 574; Rogers and Horner 1977: 523; Vogel 1970b: 13; Vogel 2004: 78, mf, desc. (figs 46, 58); Vogel and Durden 1972: 1; Young and Edwards 1990: 20

Pardosa uncatula F Cambridge, 1902; Gertsch 1934a: 20; Roewer 1955: 190; Vogel 1970b: 14 [Texas records]

Distribution

Widespread; Archer, Bastrop, Baylor, Blanco, Brazos, Briscoe, Burleson, Caldwell, Cameron, Clay, Colorado, Comal, Comanche, Cooke, Coryell, Dallas, Erath, Frio, Guadalupe, Hale, Hidalgo, Hopkins, Houston, Kerr, Kleberg, Knox, Llano, Lubbock, Nueces, Palo Pinto, Robertson, San Saba, Terrell, Travis, Walker, Wichita, Williamson, Wilson

Locality

5-Eagle Ranch, Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge, Bill Haney Pecan Orchard, Blackstone Ranch, Browning Ranch, Ellis Prison Unit, Holmes Pecan Orchard, Lake Travis, Lick Creek Park, NK Ranch, Proctor Lake, Stiles Farm Foundation

Time of activity

Male (February – October, December); female (January – October)

Habitat

(crops: cabbage, cotton, guar, peanuts, soybean); (grass: grass, pasture, sandy-prairie grass); (littoral: edge of pond, near pond, playa, stream or pond margin); (nest/prey: mud dauber nest [f], stomach of Cnemidophorus sacki); (orchard: citrus, pecan); (plants: bluebonnets, miscellaneous vegetation); (soil/woodland: on ground, post oak savanna with pasture, sandy area, Juniperus ashei)

Method

Fogging [f]; pitfall trap [mf] (edge of pond [mf], in sand [f], near pond [mf]); suction trap [mf]; sweeping [mf]

Eggs/spiderlings

Erath [62 spiderlings] [TAMU]

Type

Texas (male, Travis Co., Austin, no date, no collector, lectotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Latin, near water

Collection

DMNS, MSU, TAMU

Pardosa saxatilis (Hentz, 1844)

Pardosa saxatilisWoods and Harrel 1976: 43; Young and Edwards 1990: 19 [Dondale and Redner 1984: 87, mf, desc. (figs 16, 19–21, 58–59)]

Distribution

Colorado, Jefferson, Nueces, Orange

Locality

Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge

Time of activity

Male (May 29-June 5, June); female (April – June)

Habitat

(crops: rice)

Method

pitfall trap [mf]

Type

Alabama

Etymology

Latin, living among rocks

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Pardosa sierra Banks, 1898

Pardosa sierraBarnes 1959: 14, mf, desc. (figs 34–41); Jackman 1997: 165; Vogel 1970b: 14; Vogel 2004: 72, mf, desc. (figs 32, 38)

Distribution

West Texas

Type

Mexico, Baja California, Sierra Laguna

Etymology

locality (place)

Pardosa sternalis (Thorell, 1877)

Pardosa sternalisBonnet 1958: 3423; Bradley 2013: 158; Breene et al. 1993c: 19, 47, 95, mf (figs 132A-B); Cokendolpher et al. 2008: 29 (photos 26–27); Dean and Sterling 1987: 6; Gertsch 1939b: 26; Jackman 1997: 165; Jones 1936: 69; Knutson and Gilstrap 1989: 514; Vogel 1970a: 8, 16–18, mf, desc. (figs 1–5, 13–18, 22–27, 37, 47, 51, 78–80, 82, 87); Vogel 1970b: 14; Vogel 2004: 102, mf, desc. (figs 125, 127, 130)

Distribution

Brewster, Briscoe, Castro, Culberson, Dallas, Floyd, Jeff Davis, Lipscomb, Lubbock, Presidio, Reeves

Locality

Chisos Mountains

Time of activity

Male (June – September); female (June – September)

Habitat

(crops: corn, cotton); (littoral: playa)

Type

Colorado, Boulder

Etymology

Latin, referring to sternum

Collection

DMNS, TAMU

Pardosa sura Chamberlin & Ivie, 1941

Pardosa suraCorrea-Ramírez et al. 2010: 545, mf, desc. (figs 4, 7)

Distribution

Terrell

Time of activity

Female (May)

Type

California, Big Sur

Etymology

locality (region)

Pardosa vadosa Barnes, 1959

Pardosa vadosaBarnes 1959: 7, mf, desc. (figs 16–19); Jackman 1997: 165; Vogel 1967: 106; Vogel 1970b: 14; Vogel 2004: 72, mf, desc. (figs 31, 37)

Distribution

Central and west Texas; Anderson, Brewster, Hudspeth, Jeff Davis, Llano, Travis

Locality

Big Bend National Park, Davis Mountains Resort, Indio Mountain Research Station

Time of activity

Male (April); female (April, December)

Method

yellow pan trap [mf]

Type

Arizona, Virgin Narrows

Etymology

Latin, shallows in water

Collection

DMNS, MSU, TAMU

Pardosa xerophila Vogel, 1964

Pardosa xerophila [Vogel 2004: 66, mf, desc. (figs 17–18)]

Distribution

Culberson

Locality

Guadalupe Mountains National Park

Time of activity

Male (June)

Type

Arizona, White Mountain Reservoir

Etymology

Greek, dry-loving

Collection

NMSU

Pardosa zionis Chamberlin & Ivie, 1942

Pardosa zionisJackman 1997: 165; Vogel 1970a: 15, 22, mf, desc. (figs 69, 71–72, 75–76, 91); Vogel 1970b: 14; Vogel 2004: 68, mf, desc. (figs 25, 27)

Distribution

Hays

Time of activity

Male (March); female (March – April)

Habitat

(littoral: near river south of springs)

Type

Utah, Zion National Park

Etymology

locality (Zion Park)

Collection

TAMU

Genus Pirata Sundevall, 1833

Pirata alachuus Gertsch & Wallace, 1935

Pirata alachuusHenderson 2007: 53, 57, 77, 80, 83; Yantis 2005: 198 [Wallace and Exline 1978: 82 [spelling], mf, desc. (figs 8, 169–174)]

Pirata alachua Gertsch and Wallace, 1935 [Gertsch and Wallace 1935: 9, mf, desc. (figs 34, 36)]

Distribution

Brazos, Houston

Locality

Lick Creek Park, Texas A&M University Rangeland Area

Time of activity

Male (April, April 29-May 15, July); female (May – June)

Habitat

(littoral: sedge meadow); (soil/woodland: pine woods [%: 88, 100], post oak woodland)

Method

5 gallon bucket trap [f]; pitfall trap [mf]

Type

Florida, Alachua Co.

Etymology

locality (This species was named for the county in which the type specimens were found, Wallace and Exline 1978).

Collection

TAMU

Pirata apalacheus Gertsch, 1940

Pirata apalacheusHenderson 2007: 28–29, 40, 52, 55, 57–59, 61, 63–64, 77, 80, 84; Yantis 2005: 66, 198, 201 [Gertsch 1940: 17, mf, desc. (figs 3–4); Wallace and Exline 1978: 18, mf, desc. (figs 20–25)]

Distribution

Anderson, Brazos, Houston, Trinity

Locality

Lick Creek Park

Time of activity

Male (April – June); female (April 26-May 5, May – July)

Habitat

(littoral: sedge meadow); (soil/woodland: disturbed habitat, old field, pine woods [%: 66, 80, 83, 88, 92, 95, 99, 100], post oak woodland)

Method

5 gallon bucket trap [mf]; pitfall trap [mf]

Type

Florida, Alachua Co.

Etymology

locality in Florida

Collection

TAMU

Pirata davisi Wallace & Exline, 1978

Pirata davisiReddell and Cokendolpher 2004: 88; Wallace and Exline 1978: 87, mf, desc. (figs 181–186)

Pirata sp.; Reddell 1970: 406

Distribution

Bexar, Burleson, Hidalgo, Travis

Locality

5-Eagle Ranch

Caves

Bexar (Bullis Hole)

Time of activity

Male (April – May, September 25 – October 2); female (April – May, May 28 – June 4, October)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave)

Method

pitfall trap [mf]

Type

Mexico, Tamaulipas, San Fernando

Etymology

Person (collector, L. I. Davis)

Collection

MCZ, TAMU, TMM, TTU

Note

specimen cited in Breene et al. 1993c: 19, 47, 95, mf (figs 131A-B) lost. Delete Jackman 1997: 89, 165.

Pirata felix O. P.-Cambridge, 1898

Pirata felixDean and Sterling 1990: 402; Jackman 1997: 165 [Wallace and Exline 1978: 55, mf, desc. (figs 105–106, 109)]

Distribution

Brazos

Time of activity

Female (May)

Method

suction trap [f]

Type

Mexico, Vera Cruz

Etymology

Latin, productive

Collection

FSCA

Pirata hiteorum Wallace & Exline, 1978

Pirata hiteorumHenderson 2007: 55, 57, 61, 77, 80, 84; Jackman 1997: 165; Wallace and Exline 1978: 89, mf, desc. (figs 192–198, 204); Yantis 2005: 198, 201

Distribution

Anderson, Brazos, Burleson, Colorado, Coryell, Dallas, Houston, Madison, Trinity

Locality

Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge, Lick Creek Park, Texas A&M University Rangeland Area

Time of activity

Male: (April – July); female (April – September)

Habitat

(landscape features: under rock); (soil/woodland: old field, pine woods [%: 84, 97, 100], post oak savanna with pasture, post oak woods [%: 56], post oak woodland, upland woods)

Method

5 gallon bucket trap [m]; pitfall trap [mf]

Type

Arkansas, Cove Creek

Etymology

Person (Named after the collectors, 0. and M. Hite, Wallace and Exline 1978).

Collection

TAMU

Pirata sedentarius Montgomery, 1904

Pirata sedentariusAgnew et al. 1985: 7; Gertsch 1934a: 12; Henderson 2007: 53, 63, 77, 80, 84; Jackman 1997: 165; Jones 1936: 69; Montgomery 1904: 312, mf, desc. (pl. 19, figs 28–29); Reddell 1965: 174; Reddell and Smith 1965: 20; Vogel 1970b: 14; Wallace and Exline 1978: 72, mf, desc. (figs 143–144, 146–162)

Piratula sedentaria (Montgomery, 1904); Roewer 1955: 289

Pirata sedentarias Montgomery, 1904; Vogel 1970b: 14

Distribution

Brazos, Burleson, Colorado, Culberson, Dallas, Edwards, Erath, Hays, Hidalgo, Kerr, McLennan, San Saba, Travis, Uvalde, Williamson

Locality

5-Eagle Ranch, Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge, Guadalupe Mountains National Park, Lick Creek Park, NK Ranch

Caves

Edwards (Devil’s Sinkhole); San Saba (Copperhead Cave)

Time of activity

Male (April – July, October); female (April – July, October)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave, under rock); (littoral: creek bank, near pond, under [rock by creek, rock by creek bank]); (soil/woodland: leaf litter, post oak woodland, upland woods)

Method

pitfall trap [mf] (near pond [mf])

Eggs/spiderlings

Erath [21 spiderlings] [TAMU]

Type

Texas (male, female, Travis Co., Austin, no date, no collector, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Latin, sedentary

Collection

DMNS, NMSU, TAMU, TMM

Pirata seminolus Gertsch & Wallace, 1935

Pirata seminolusCalixto et al. 2013: 183; Jackman 1997: 165; Platnick 1993: 505 [spelling]; Yantis 2005: 198

Pirata seminola Gertsch and Wallace, 1935; Agnew et al. 1985: 7; Breene et al. 1993c: 19, 47, 95, mf (figs 130A-B); Dean and Sterling 1990: 405; Dean et al. 1982: 255; Dondale and Redner 1990: 264, mf, desc. (figs 404–407); Wallace and Exline 1978: 22, mf, desc. (figs 32–43, 61); Young and Edwards 1990: 20

Distribution

Anderson, Brazos, Burleson, Colorado, Erath, Gonzales, Henderson, Robertson, Travis, Walker

Locality

5-Eagle Ranch, Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge, Ellis Prison Unit, Holmes Pecan Orchard, NK Ranch, Palmetto State Park

Time of activity

Male (April – September); female (April – July)

Habitat

(crops: cotton); (littoral: edge of pond, swamp); (orchard: pecan); (soil/woodland: oak/celtis leaf litter, pine woods [%: 100])

Method

5 gallon bucket trap [mf]; berlese funnel [f]; pitfall trap [mf] (near pond [mf]); suction trap [mf]

Type

Florida, Levy Lake

Etymology

Indian tribe

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Pirata spiniger (Simon, 1898)

Pirata spinigerHenderson 2007: 57, 77, 80, 84; Yantis 2005: 198 [Wallace and Exline 1978: 79, mf, desc. (figs 163–168)]

Distribution

Brazos, Houston

Locality

Lick Creek Park

Time of activity

Male (May – June)

Habitat

(soil/woodland: pine woods [%: 80], upland woods)

Method

5 gallon bucket trap [m]; pitfall trap [m]

Type

Louisiana

Etymology

Latin, spine-baring

Collection

TAMU

Pirata suwaneus Gertsch, 1940

Pirata suwaneus [Wallace and Exline 1978: 62, mf, desc. (figs 7, 9, 125–133)]

Distribution

Burleson, Colorado

Locality

5-Eagle Ranch, Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge

Time of activity

Male (May – June); female (May – June)

Method

pitfall trap [mf]

Type

Florida, Port Mayaca

Etymology

location

Collection

TAMU

Pirata sylvanus Chamberlin & Ivie, 1944

Pirata sylvanus [Wallace and Exline 1978: 106, mf, desc. (figs 12, 233–237)]

Distribution

Brazos

Locality

Texas A&M University Rangeland Area

Time of activity

Female (July)

Method

pitfall trap [f]

Type

Georgia, 2 miles E Sylvania

Etymology

locality (city)

Collection

TAMU

Genus Piratula Roewer, 1960

Piratula insularis (Emerton, 1885)

Piratula insularisOmelko et al. 2011: 216 [T], 224 (figs 71–75)

Pirata insularis Emerton, 1885; Woods and Harrel 1976: 43; Young and Edwards 1990: 20 [Dondale and Redner 1990: 255, mf (figs 380–386); Wallace and Exline 1978: 40, mf, desc. (figs 77–80, 83–86)]

Distribution

Jefferson

Habitat

(crops: rice)

Type

New York, Long Lake

Etymology

Latin, from island

Genus Rabidosa Roewer, 1960

Rabidosa hentzi (Banks, 1904)

Rabidosa hentziYantis 2005: 201 [Brady and McKinley 1994: 154, mf, desc. (figs 5, 10, 27–30)]

Distribution

Houston, Trinity

Time of activity

Male (April, April 24-May 2)

Habitat

(soil/woodland: pine woods [%: 85, 97])

Method

5 gallon bucket trap [m]

Type

Florida, Altoona

Etymology

Person (arachnologist)

Collection

TAMU

Rabidosa punctulata (Hentz, 1844)

Rabidosa punctulataBradley 2013: 159; Brady and McKinley 1994: 146 [T], mf, desc. (figs 3, 8, 19–22); Henderson 2007: 53, 60–61, 64, 67–68, 77, 80, 84; Jackman 1997: 165; Yantis 2005: 66, 198, 201

Lycosa punctulata Hentz, 1844; Marx 1890: 563

Hogna punctulata (Hentz, 1844); Dondale and Redner 1990: 38 [T], mf, desc. (figs 21–24)

Distribution

Anderson, Archer, Blanco, Brazos, Burleson, Burnet, Clay, Comal, Coryell, Dallas, Grimes, Harris, Jasper, Leon, Madison, San Patricio, Travis, Walker, Wichita

Locality

Browning Ranch, Lick Creek Park, Welder Wildlife Refuge

Caves

Comal (Bain’s Cave)

Time of activity

Male (September – November); female (March – April, September – November)

Habitat

(grass: grassland); (landscape features: cave); (littoral: near water); (soil/woodland: disturbed habitat, forest, live oak woodland, pine woods [%: 60, 69], post oak savanna with pasture, post oak woods [%: 43, 70, 76, 77, 80, 90, 93, 100], post oak woodland, sandy area, upland woods)

Method

5 gallon bucket trap [mf]; pitfall trap [mf]

Type

Pennsylvania

Etymology

Latin, black spots on venter of abdomen

Collection

DMNS, MSU, TAMU, TMM

Rabidosa rabida (Walckenaer, 1837)

Rabidosa rabidaBarron et al. 1999: 550; Bradley 2013: 160; Brady and McKinley 1994: 142 [S], mf, desc. (figs 1, 6, 11–14); Breene et al. 1993c: 19, 47, 97, mf (figs 138A-C); Calixto et al. 2013: 183, 187; Cokendolpher and Reddell 2001b: 52; Cokendolpher et al. 2008: 29 (photo 28); Dondale and Redner 1990: 41 [T]; Henderson 2007: 58, 77, 80, 84; Irungu 2007: 31; Jackman 1997: 89, desc., 165 (photo 22h); Reddell and Cokendolpher 2004: 88; Roberts 2001: 49; Yantis 2005: 66, 198, 201

Lycosa rabida Walckenaer, 1837; Agnew et al. 1985: 4, 10; Brown 1974: 234; Bumroongsook et al. 1992: 17; Dean et al. 1982: 254; Dean et al. 1988: 287; Nyffeler et al. 1986: 197; Reddell 1965: 174; Reddell and Finch 1963: 48; Rice 1985: 139; Tugmon et al. 1990: 43; Vogel 1970b: 13; Young and Edwards 1990: 19

Hogna helluo (Walckenaer, 1837); Yantis 2005: 200 [misidentified]

Lycosa scutulata Hentz, 1844; Bishop and Crosby 1926: 209; Chamberlin 1908: 253, mf, desc. (pl. 17, fig. 9, pl. 18, fig. 1); Jones 1936: 69; Marx 1890: 563; Montgomery 1904: 289, desc.

Distribution

Anderson, Archer, Atascosa, Bandera, Bastrop, Bell, Bexar, Blanco, Brazos, Burleson, Cameron, Clay, Coleman, Colorado, Comal, Comanche, Coryell (imm.), Crockett, Dallas, Denton, Erath, Falls (imm.), Floyd, Freestone (imm.), Galveston, Grayson, Grimes, Harris, Harrison, Hidalgo, Houston, Jefferson, Kendall, Kerr, Kimble, Kleberg, Leon, Llano, Lubbock, McLennan, Madison, Milam, Montague, Montgomery, Nacogdoches, Parker, Potter, Reagan, Refugio, Robertson, San Patricio, Tarrant, Taylor, Travis, Trinity, Walker, Waller, Webb, Wharton, Wichita, Williamson, Wilson, Zavala

Locality

Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge, Bill Haney Pecan Orchard, Browning Ranch, Camp Bullis, Ellis Prison Unit, Fort Hood, Holmes Pecan Orchard, Horne Ranch, Lick Creek Park, Texas A&M University Rangeland Area, Welder Wildlife Refuge, Wildcat Bluff Nature Center

Caves

Bell (Keilman Cave [Fort Hood]); Bexar (Backhole, Linda’s First Cave, Obvious Little Cave); Comal (Bain’s Cave); Williamson (Steam Cave)

Time of activity

Male (May – September, November); female (April – November)

Habitat

(crops: cabbage, cotton, peanuts); (grass: grass, grassland, pasture); (landscape features: cave); (littoral: playa, sedge meadow); (orchard: pecan); (plants: bluebonnets, Indian paintbrush, miscellaneous vegetation); (soil/woodland: on ground, hackberry woodland, pine woods [%: 66, 67, 69, 73, 80, 84, 88, 95, 97, 100], post oak savanna with pasture, post oak woods [%: 41, 48, 56, 71, 74, 82, 92, 100], post oak woodland, sandy brushland, upland woods); (structures: in [house, laundry room], on floor in lab)

Method

5 gallon bucket trap [mf]; boll weevil pheromone trap [f]; D-Vac suction [imm.]; pitfall trap [mf] (in sand [m], under oak [m]); suction trap [imm.]

Eggs/spiderlings

Hidalgo [146, 367 spiderlings] [TAMU]

Type

New York

Etymology

Latin, unfavorable behavior, furious

Collection

DMNS, JCC, MSU, TAMU, TMM, TTU

Genus Schizocosa Chamberlin, 1904

Schizocosa aulonia Dondale, 1969

Schizocosa auloniaDondale and Redner 1978a: 159, mf, desc. (figs 22, 71–74); Jackman 1997: 165

Distribution

Coleman, Nueces, Somervell, Taylor, Tom Green

Locality

Horne Ranch

Time of activity

Male (July); female (July)

Method

pitfall trap [mf]

Type

Illinois, Waukegan

Etymology

Latin, beaches and sand dunes

Collection

TAMU, TTU

Schizocosa avida (Walckenaer, 1837)

Schizocosa avidaAgnew et al. 1985: 4, 10; Bonnet 1958: 3944; Bradley 2013: 160; Breene et al. 1993c: 19, 47, 97, mf (figs 137A-C); Calixto et al. 2013: 180, 183, 185, 187; Dean et al. 1982: 255; Dean et al. 1988: 287; Dondale and Redner 1978a: 164 [S, T], mf, desc. (figs 10–12, 51–54, 89); Jackman 1997: 165 (photo 22); Vogel 1970b: 14; Young and Edwards 1990: 20

Lycosa avida Walckenaer, 1837; Jones 1936: 69; Woods and Harrel 1976: 43

Lycosa erratica Hentz, 1844; Chamberlin 1908: 251

Lycosa lepida (Keyserling, 1877); Montgomery 1904: 287

Distribution

Eastern ½ Texas; Blanco, Brazos, Burleson, Coleman, Colorado, Comanche, Coryell, Dallas, Erath, Gonzalez, Hays, Houston, Jefferson, Robertson, Tom Green, Travis, Walker, Williamson

Locality

5-Eagle Ranch, Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge, Bill Haney Pecan Orchard, Browning Ranch, Ellis Prison Unit, Holmes Pecan Orchard, Horne Ranch, Lick Creek Park, NK Ranch, Stiles Farm Foundation

Time of activity

Male (February – October); female (March – November)

Habitat

(crops: cotton, peanuts, rice); (grass: grassland, pasture, sandy-prairie grass); (littoral: near lake); (orchard: pecan); (plants: bluebonnets); (soil/woodland: edge of woods, near lake, on ground, post oak savanna with pasture, sandy area, sandy-prairie grass, under oak)

Method

pitfall trap [mf] (edge of woods [m], in sand [m], under oak [m])

Eggs/spiderlings

Erath [51 spiderlings in eggsac]; Williamson [17, 54, 60, 64, 73, 139, 244, 270, 435 spiderlings] [TAMU]

Type

New York

Etymology

Latin, greedy

Collection

DMNS, MSU, TAMU

Schizocosa bilineata (Emerton, 1885)

Schizocosa bilineataAgnew et al. 1985: 7; Bradley 2013: 161; Dondale and Redner 1978a: 157, mf, desc. (figs 8, 47–48); Jackman 1997: 165

Distribution

East Texas; Colorado, Coryell, Erath, Hidalgo, Travis, Wichita

Locality

Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge

Time of activity

Male (April – May); female (March – May)

Habitat

(grass: grass); (soil/woodland: on field border, post oak savanna with pasture)

Method

pitfall trap [mf]

Type

Connecticut, New Haven

Etymology

Latin, row of dark spots on sternum, each side meeting behind

Collection

DMNS, MSU, TAMU

Schizocosa crassipes (Walckenaer, 1837)

Schizocosa crassipesBonnet 1958: 3946; Gertsch and Wallace 1937: 17; Vogel 1970b: 14; Yantis 2005: 66, 198, 201 [Dondale and Redner 1978a: 152, mf, desc. (figs 2, 27–30); Stratton 1991: 31 (fig. 4); Stratton 1997: 86 [table of features and key for crassipes, ocreata, rovneri, stridulans, uetzi]]

Distribution

Anderson, Brazos, Dallas, Houston, Leon, Travis

Locality

Lick Creek Park

Time of activity

Male (May – June)

Habitat

(soil/woodland: old field, pine woods [%: 83, 95], post oak woods [%: 44, 77])

Method

5 gallon bucket trap [m]; pitfall trap [m]

Type

Georgia

Etymology

Latin, thick feet

Collection

TAMU

Schizocosa mccooki (Montgomery, 1904)

Schizocosa mccookiCokendolpher et al. 2008: 9, 29; Dondale and Redner 1978a: 169 [T], mf, desc. (figs 13, 15, 59–62); Jackman 1997: 165; Roberts 2001: 49

Lycosa mccooki Montgomery, 1904; Montgomery 1904: 283, f, desc. (fig. 11); Petrunkevitch 1911: 563

Lycosa maccooki Montgomery, 1904; Roewer 1955: 276

Lycosa avida Walckenaer, 1837; Gertsch 1939b: 26 [misidentified]

Distribution

Western 2/3 Texas; Carson, Crockett, Potter, Travis

Locality

Chisos Basin, Chisos Mountains, Fort Lancaster, Pantex Lake, Wildcat Bluff Nature Center

Time of activity

Female (June)

Habitat

(grass: grassland); (littoral: near playa)

Method

pitfall trap

Type

Texas (female, Travis Co., Austin, no date, no collector, syntype, AMNH)

Etymology

Person (described spinning habits of spiders)

Collection

DMNS

Schizocosa ocreata (Hentz, 1844)

Schizocosa ocreataBradley 2013: 161; Dondale and Redner 1978a: 150, mf, desc. (figs 1, 5, 36–38); Jackman 1997: 165; Jones 1936: 69 [Stratton 1991: 30, mf (figs 3, 9–11) [compares leg I of ocreata, rovneri, stridulans]; Stratton 1997: 86 [table of features and key for crassipes, ocreata, rovneri, stridulans, uetzi]]

Distribution

Eastern ½ Texas; Dallas, Palo Pinto

Type

North Carolina

Etymology

Latin, booted

Note

some records may be crassipes, rovneri, stridulans, or uetzi based on hairs and coloration of first tibia of males [see Stratton 1997: 86].

Schizocosa perplexa Bryant, 1936

Schizocosa perplexaBonnet 1958: 3948; Bryant 1936: 91, m, desc. (fig. 2); Henderson 2007: 54, 77, 80, 84; Jones 1936: 69; Roewer 1955: 295; Vogel 1970b: 14; Yantis 2005: 198, 201

Distribution

Brazos, Dallas, Leon, Madison, Walker

Locality

Lick Creek Park

Time of activity

Male (March – May)

Habitat

(soil/woodland: disturbed habitat, pine woods [%: 66], post oak woods [%: 44, 56]); (structures: swimming pool)

Method

5 gallon bucket trap [m]; pitfall trap [m]

Type

Texas (male, Dallas Co., Dallas, Garland Swimming Pool, March 25, 1935, S. Jones, holotype, MCZ)

[female unknown]

Etymology

Latin, very different palpus

Collection

TAMU

Schizocosa retrorsa (Banks, 1911)

Schizocosa retrorsaDondale and Redner 1978a: 163, mf, desc. (figs 21, 75–78); Jackman 1997: 165

Distribution

El Paso, Hardeman

Type

North Carolina, Linville

Etymology

Latin, backward

Schizocosa rovneri Uetz & Dondale, 1979

Schizocosa rovneriCalixto et al. 2013: 183, 187; Henderson 2007: 28, 40, 53–61, 77, 80, 84; Stratton 1991: 35, mf (figs 2, 7–8, 12); Yantis 2005: 66, 198, 201 [Stratton 1997: 86 [table of features and key for crassipes, ocreata, rovneri, stridulans, uetzi]]

Schizocosa ocreata (Hentz, 1844); Agnew et al. 1985: 7, 11 [part] [misidentified]

Distribution

East Texas; Anderson, Brazos, Burleson, Erath, Fort Bend, Houston, Leon, Madison, Robertson, Trinity, Walker

Locality

Brazos Bend State Park, Holmes Pecan Orchard, Lick Creek Park, Texas A&M University Rangeland Area

Time of activity

Male (April – June); female (April – July)

Habitat

(littoral: sedge meadow); (orchard: pecan); (soil/woodland: buckeye-sycamore forest, disturbed habitat, pine woods [%: 66, 67, 69, 79, 80, 82, 83, 84, 85, 88, 92, 95, 97, 100], post oak savanna with pasture, post oak woods [%: 56, 91, 92, 96], post oak woodland, sandy area, upland woods, woods)

Method

5 gallon bucket trap [mf]; flight intercept trap [m]; pitfall trap [mf] (in woods [m]); blue pan trap [m]

Eggs/spiderlings

Brazos [14 spiderlings] [TAMU]

Type

Illinois, Allerton Park

Etymology

Person (S. rovneri is named in honor of Dr. J. S. Rovner in recognition of his stimulating work on the behavior of North American wolf spiders, Stratton 1991).

Collection

TAMU

Schizocosa saltatrix (Hentz, 1844)

Schizocosa saltatrixAgnew et al. 1985: 7, 11; Bradley 2013: 162; Chamberlin 1908: 215, mf, desc. (pl. 16, figs 2, 4); Cokendolpher and Reddell 2001b: 52; Dondale and Redner 1978a: 153 [S], mf, desc. (figs 4, 39–41, 88); Henderson 2007: 53–57, 77, 80, 84; Jackman 1997: 165; Petrunkevitch 1911: 579; Reddell 1965: 174; Reddell and Cokendolpher 2004: 88; Vogel 1970b: 14; Yantis 2005: 66, 198, 201

Lycosa relucens Montgomery, 1902; Montgomery 1904: 292.

Distribution

Eastern ½ Texas; Anderson, Bell, Bexar, Brazos, Burleson, Coryell, Edwards, Erath, Grimes, Hidalgo, Houston, Jeff Davis, Kerr, Leon, Madison, Travis, Trinity, Uvalde, Val Verde, Walker

Locality

Davis Mountains Resort, Fort Hood, Lick Creek Park, Santa Ana National Wildlife Refuge, Texas A&M University Rangeland Area

Caves

Bell ([all Fort Hood] Coyote Den Cave, Keilman Cave, Lunch Counter Cave, Seven Mile Mountain Cave, Treasure Cave); Bexar (Ailor Hill Cave, Cave of the Bearded Tree, Cave of the Half-Snake); Travis (Lunsford’s Cave); Val Verde (Wren Cave)

Time of activity

Male (March – May, September); female (March – July)

Habitat

(grass: grass, sandy-prairie grass, short grass); (landscape features: cave); (littoral: edge of pond, near pond); (soil/woodland: disturbed habitat, leaf litter, old field, pine woods [%: 66, 73, 83, 85, 88, 95, 97, 99, 100], post oak savanna with pasture, post oak woods [%: 44, 56, 71, 74, 75, 77, 82, 91, 92, 94, 96], post oak woodland, sandy area, under [juniper, oak], upland woods, woods)

Method

5 gallon bucket trap [mf]; carrion pitfall trap [mf]; pitfall trap [mf] (edge of pond [m], in leaves [mf], in woods [m], near pond [m], under juniper [mf], under oak [f]); yellow pan trap [m]

Eggs/spiderlings

Brazos [102 spiderlings] [TAMU]

Type

South Carolina

Etymology

Latin, to dance

Collection

DMNS, MSU, TAMU, TMM

Schizocosa segregata Gertsch & Wallace, 1937

Schizocosa segregataDondale and Redner 1978a: 158, mf, desc. (figs 23, 81–82); Jackman 1997: 165; Stratton 2005: 376

Distribution

Hidalgo

Type

Florida, Levy Co.

Etymology

Latin, separated

Schizocosa stridulans Stratton, 1984

Schizocosa stridulansHenderson 2007: 28, 40, 56–62, 64, 77, 80, 84; Yantis 2005: 66, 198, 201 [Stratton 1991: 30, mf, desc. (figs 1, 5–6, 13 [compares leg I of ocreata, rovneri, stridulans]); Stratton 1997: 86 [chart of distinguishing features and key for crassipes, ocreata, rovneri, stridulans, uetzi]]

Schizocosa ocreata (Hentz, 1844); Agnew et al. 1985: 7, 11 [part] [misidentified]

Schizocosa crassipes (Walckenaer, 1837); Yantis 2005: 198 [misidentified]

Distribution

Anderson, Brazos, Erath, Houston, Leon

Locality

Lick Creek Park

Time of activity

Male (May – July)

Habitat

(soil/woodland: disturbed habitat, old field, pine woods [%: 79, 80, 83, 84, 88, 95, 99, 100], post oak woods [%: 44, 56, 77], post oak woodland, sandy area, upland woods)

Method

5 gallon bucket trap [m]; blue pan trap [m]; pitfall trap [m]

Type

Illinois, Sand Ridge State Forest

Etymology

Latin, sound production by males during courtship

Collection

TAMU

Schizocosa uetzi Stratton, 1997

Schizocosa uetziHenderson 2007: 59–61, 77, 80, 84; Yantis 2005: 66, 198 [Stratton 1997: 85, mf, desc. (figs 1–6) [chart of distinguishing features and key for crassipes, ocreata, rovneri, stridulans, uetzi]]

Schizocosa ocreata (Hentz, 1844); Agnew et al. 1985: 7, 11 [part] [misidentified]

Distribution

Anderson, Brazos, Erath, Houston, Leon, Van Zandt

Locality

Lick Creek Park

Time of activity

Male (April 26-May 5, May – June)

Habitat

(soil/woodland: disturbed habitat, pine woods [%: 79, 80, 83, 84, 88, 95], post oak woods [%: 44, 56, 77, 82], post oak woodland, under oak, upland woods)

Method

5 gallon bucket trap [m]; pitfall trap [m] (under oak [m])

Type

Mississippi, 8 miles SE Oxford

Etymology

Person (The specific epithet is to honor Dr. George W. Uetz, spider ecologist, educator, mentor and friend, Stratton 1997).

Collection

TAMU

Genus Sosippus Simon, 1888

Note.Sierwald (2000) lists a collection record of Hidalgo County, Edinburg, 1 female, September–December 1933, coll. Mulaik for Sosippus mimus Chamberlin, 1924. This is a misprint because the same data is listed further down on p. 136 under Sosippus texanus.

Sosippus texanus Brady, 1962

Sosippus texanusBrady 1962: 160, mf, desc. (figs 4, 10, 21–22, 37–39); Brady 1972: 35; Brady 2007: 73, f, desc. (fig. 6); Jackman 1997: 165; Sierwald 2000: 136; Vogel 1967: 108; Vogel 1970b: 14

Sosippus mimus Chamberlin, 1924; Comstock 1940: 639 [Texas record]

Distribution

Aransas, Cameron, Hidalgo, Zapata

Locality

Bentsen-Rio Grande Valley State Park, Goose Island State Park

Time of activity

Male (June); female (March – April, June – July, September – November)

Habitat

(grass: grass)

Method

pitfall trap [f]

Type

Texas (female, Aransas Co., Goose Island State Park, June 15, 1961, A. R. Brady, holotype, MCZ)

Etymology

locality (state)

Collection

TAMU

Genus Tigrosa Brady, 2012

Tigrosa annexa (Chamberlin & Ivie, 1944)

Tigrosa annexaBrady 2012: 189 [T], mf, desc. (figs 1–9, 40)

Hogna annexa (Chamberlin and Ivie, 1944); Jackman 1997: 165

Distribution

Brazoria, Harris, Haskell, Hidalgo, Jefferson, Palo Pinto, Victoria, Wichita

Locality

Lake Wichita

Time of activity

Male (June – July, December); female (February – May, July, September, December)

Type

Florida, Alachua Co., Gainesville

Etymology

Latin, joining

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Tigrosa aspersa (Hentz, 1844)

Tigrosa aspersaBrady 2012: 193 [S, T], mf, desc. (figs 10–15, 44)

Lycosa inhonesta (Keyserling, 1877); Montgomery 1904: 290

Hogna aspersa (Hentz, 1844); Dondale and Redner 1990: 49, mf, desc. (figs 39–42); Jackman 1997: 165

Distribution

Bexar, Brewster, Clay, Dallas, Presidio, Travis

Time of activity

Female (June)

Type

Alabama

Etymology

Latin, scattered

Collection

MSU

Tigrosa georgicola (Walckenaer, 1837)

Tigrosa georgicolaBrady 2012: 196 [S, T], mf, desc. (figs 16–21, 42); Calixto et al. 2013: 183

Lycosa riparia Hentz, 1844; Bishop and Crosby 1926: 209; Chamberlin 1908: 234; Comstock 1912: 633, desc.; Comstock 1940: 645; Jones 1936: 69; Petrunkevitch 1911: 566

Allocosa sp. nr georgicola (Walckenaer, 1837); Henderson 2007: 52–53, 58, 77, 80, 83 [misidentified]; Yantis 2005: 196, 199 [misidentified]

Lycosa ripariola Bonnet, 1957; Vogel 1970b: 13

Hogna georgicola (Walckenaer, 1837); Bradley 2013: 155; Jackman 1997: 165

Hogna helluo (Walckenaer, 1837); Henderson 2007: 54, 56, 59, 77, 80, 83 [misidentified]; Yantis 2005: 197, 200 [part, misidentified]

Hogna sp. nr lenta (Hentz, 1844); Yantis 2005: 197, 200 [misidentified]

Hogna sp. nr watsoni (Gertsch, 1934); Yantis 2005: 197 [misidentified]

Hogna helluo group nr georgicola (Walckenaer, 1837); Breene et al. 1993c: 18, 47 [misidentified]

Trochosa sp. nr terricola Thorell, 1856; Henderson 2007: 58, 78, 80, 84 [misidentified]

Distribution

Anderson, Angelina, Austin, Bastrop, Brazos, Caldwell, Comal, Dallas, Erath, Fort Bend, Gonzales, Grayson, Grimes, Hardin, Harris, Harrison, Hays, Houston, Jefferson, Jim Wells, Karnes, Kerr, Leon, Madison, Nacogdoches, Panola, Robertson, San Patricio, Travis, Trinity, Walker

Locality

Bastrop State Park, Caddo Lake State Park, Ellis Prison Unit, Holmes Pecan Orchard, Honey Creek Ranch, Lick Creek Park, NK Ranch, Palmetto State Park, Raven Ranch, Texas A&M University Rangeland Area, Welder Wildlife Refuge, Zilker Park

Time of activity

Male (March – July, September – November); female (March – December)

Habitat

(crops: cotton); (littoral: sedge meadow); (orchard: pecan); (soil/woodland: disturbed habitat, forest, hackberry woodland, loblolly pine unmanaged, pine woods [%: 60, 66, 67, 69, 74, 77, 80, 82, 84, 86, 88, 95, 97, 100], post oak woods [%: 41, 44, 49, 56, 60, 71, 75, 76, 77, 80, 85, 91, 92, 94, 100], post oak woodland, upland woods); (structures: in lab)

Method

5 gallon bucket trap [mf]; pitfall trap [mf] (edge of pond [f])

Type

Georgia, Burke Co.

Etymology

locality (state)

Collection

TAMU

Tigrosa helluo (Walckenaer, 1837)

Tigrosa helluoBrady 2012: 200 [S, T], mf, desc. (figs 28–33, 41)

Lycosa helluo Walckenaer, 1837; Bishop and Crosby 1926: 207; Chamberlin 1908: 226, mf, desc. (pl. 17, figs 1–2); Comstock 1912: 633, desc.; Comstock 1940: 645, desc.; Petrunkevitch 1911: 560; Vogel 1970b: 13

Alopecosa helluo (Walckenaer, 1837); Bonnet 1955: 248

Hogna helluo (Walckenaer, 1837); Bradley 2013: 155; Dondale and Redner 1990: 51; Jackman 1997: 165

Distribution

Harris

Time of activity

Female (November)

Type

New York

Etymology

Latin, a glutton

Note

This species has often been misidentified for Hogna antelucana, Tigrosa georgicola and others. Cited references for this species includes: Broussard and Horner 2006: 254; Brown 1974: 234; Cokendolpher et al. 2008: 9, 29; Gertsch 1939b: 26; Jones 1936: 69; Richman et al. 2011a: 47; Taber and Fleenor 2005: 280 (fig. 12–9); Woods and Harrel 1976: 43.

Genus Trochosa C. L. Koch, 1847

Trochosa sepulchralis (Montgomery, 1902)

Trochosa sepulchralisDreyer and Brady 2008: 66 [S, T], mf, desc. (figs 2–3, 6–15)

Geolycosa sepulchralis (Montgomery, 1902); Jackman 1997: 165

Trochosa sepulchralis (Montgomery, 1902); Montgomery 1904: 307

Lycosa modesta (Keyserling, 1876); Chamberlin 1908: 268, mf [misidentified]; Comstock 1912: 639, desc.; Jones 1936: 69; Petrunkevitch 1911: 563

Alopecosa sepulchralis (Montgomery, 1902); Montgomery 1904: 307; Vogel 1970b: 12

Lycosa acompa Chamberlin, 1924; Agnew et al. 1985: 7; Gertsch and Wallace 1935: 11, m, desc. (fig. 31); Vogel 1970b: 13; Wallace 1947: 36

Varacosa acompa (Chamberlin, 1924); Breene et al. 1993c: 19, 47, 98, m (fig. 139A); Jackman 1997: 165 (photo 22); Roewer 1955: 306

Trochosa acompa (Chamberlin, 1924); Henderson 2007: 28, 40, 53–59, 78, 80, 84; Yantis 2005: 66, 198, 202

Distribution

Archer, Austin, Brazos, Brown, Cameron, Clay, Colorado, Coryell, Dallas, Erath, Fort Bend, Grayson, Harrison, Hidalgo, Houston, Jasper, Jeff Davis, Kerr, Kimble, Leon, Madison, McLennan, Panola, Polk, San Jacinto, San Patricio, Taylor, Terrell, Tom Green, Travis, Trinity, Val Verde, Walker

Locality

Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge, Caddo Lake State Park, Camp Tonkawa, Davis Mountains Resort, Ellis Prison Unit, Lick Creek Park, Raven Ranch, Welder Wildlife Refuge

Time of activity

Male (February – June, August – October, December); female (February – December)

Habitat

(crops: cotton); (grass: grass); (littoral: near pond); (soil/woodland: disturbed habitat, hackberry woodland, leaf litter, on field border, pine woods [%: 66, 77, 82, 85, 97], post oak savanna with pasture, post oak woods [%: 44, 56, 96], post oak woodland, sandy area, sandy brushland, under [juniper, oak], upland woods); (structures: indoors, in house, porch)

Method

5 gallon bucket trap [mf]; carrion baited pitfall trap [m]; pitfall trap [mf] (in leaves [m], in sand [m], near pond [m], under juniper [mf], under oak [mf])

Type

Pennsylvania, Philadelphia

Etymology

Latin, burial vault, collected Woodland Cemetery

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Note

Breene et al. 1993c (fig. 139B) is Trochosa (=Lycosa) abdita (Gertsch 1934d: 3 (fig. 6) from Florida.

Trochosa terricola Thorell, 1856

Trochosa terricolaBrady 1980: 177, mf, desc. (figs 1–2, 10–16, 28–31); Cokendolpher et al. 2008: 9, 30; Dondale and Redner 1990: 23, mf, desc. (figs 5–8); Jackman 1997: 165; Woods and Harrel 1976: 43; Young and Edwards 1990: 20

Distribution

Carson, Jefferson, Travis, Wichita

Time of activity

Female (June)

Habitat

(crops: rice); (grass: grassland); (littoral: near playa)

Method

pitfall trap

Type

Sweden, Uppsala

Etymology

Latin, earthy, -cola Latin suffix meaning inhabitant of

Collection

DMNS, MSU

Genus Varacosa Chamberlin & Ivie, 1942

Varacosa avara (Keyserling, 1877)

Varacosa avaraBradley 2013: 164; Dondale and Redner 1990: 93, mf, desc. (figs 108–112); Henderson 2007: 28, 40, 52–53, 55–56, 60–61, 70–75, 78, 80, 84; Jackman 1997: 165; Jiménez and Dondale 1988: 172 [T]; Yantis 2005: 66, 198, 202

Lycosa avara (Keyserling, 1877); Chamberlin 1908: 279, mf, desc. (pl. 20, figs 1–3); Comstock 1912: 640, desc.; Comstock 1940: 650; Petrunkevitch 1911: 556; Vogel 1970b: 13

Trochosa avara Keyserling, 1877; Brady 1980: 190, mf, desc. (figs 3, 19–21, 36–40); Montgomery 1904: 304, f, desc. (pl. 20, fig. 42)

Distribution

Anderson, Brazos, Burleson, Coryell, Dallas, Grayson, Grimes, Hardin, Harris, Houston, Jasper, Leon, Madison, Travis, Trinity, Tyler, Walker, Wichita

Locality

Big Thicket National Preserve, Kirby State Forest, Lick Creek Park, Texas A&M University Rangeland Area

Time of activity

Male (January 15-February 15, February, June, September – December); female (January – June, September – December)

Habitat

(grass: sandy grassland, short grass); (littoral: near water); (soil/woodland: bottomland forest, disturbed habitat, forest, hardwood litter, pine woods [%: 66, 67, 69, 73, 80, 82, 86, 88, 97, 100], post oak savanna with pasture, post oak woods [%: 41, 49, 56, 60, 74, 76, 77, 80, 84, 91, 92, 93, 94, 96, 100], post oak woodland, sandy area, upland woods)

Method

5 gallon bucket trap [mf]; pitfall trap [mf]

Eggs/spiderlings

Brazos [73 spiderlings] [TAMU]

Type

North America

Etymology

Latin, avaricious

Collection

DMNS, MSU, TAMU

Varacosa gosiuta (Chamberlin, 1908)

Varacosa gosiutaBroussard and Horner 2006: 254; Jiménez and Dondale 1988: 172 [T]; Richman et al. 2011a: 47; Roberts 2001: 49

Trochosa gosiuta (Chamberlin, 1908); Brady 1980: 196, mf, desc. (figs 4, 26–27, 44–46); Jackman 1997: 165; Milstead 1958: 445

Distribution

Northwest Texas; Brewster, Potter, Presidio, Travis

Locality

Big Bend National Park, Chihuahuan desert, Chisos Basin, Dalquest Research Site, Wildcat Bluff Nature Center

Time of activity

Male (August, December); female (August, October, December)

Habitat

(nest/prey: stomach of Cnemidophorus sacki); (soil/woodland: leaf litter under oak)

Method

pitfall trap [mf]

Type

Utah

Etymology

referring to desert

Collection

DMNS, MSU, NMSU

Varacosa parthenus (Chamberlin, 1925)

Varacosa parthenusBroussard and Horner 2006: 254; Jiménez and Dondale 1988: 172 [T]; Richman et al. 2011a: 47

Trochosa parthenus Chamberlin, 1925; Brady 1980: 204, mf, desc. (figs 6–9, 32–33); Jackman 1997: 165

Distribution

Brewster, Presidio, Wichita

Locality

Chihuahuan desert, Dalquest Research Site

Time of activity

Male (November)

Method

pitfall trap [mf]

Type

Florida, Bartow

Etymology

Greek, “parthenos” meaning virgin

Collection

MSU

Varacosa shenandoa (Chamberlin & Ivie, 1942)

Varacosa shenandoaDondale and Redner 1990: 94, mf, desc. (figs 113–117); Jackman 1997: 165; Jiménez and Dondale 1988: 172 [T]

Trochosa shenandoa Chamberlin and Ivie, 1942; Agnew et al. 1985: 4; Brady 1980: 200, mf, desc. (figs 5, 17–18, 22–25, 34–35, 41–43); Breene et al. 1993b: 647; Young and Edwards 1990: 20

Distribution

Aransas, Bandera, Bastrop, Bell, Brazos, Cameron, Collin, Comanche, Coryell, Denton, Erath, Gonzales, Grayson, Hidalgo, Jasper, Jim Wells, Kendall, Kerr, Kleberg, Refugio, San Patricio, San Saba, Shelby, Travis, Victoria, Wichita, Wilbarger

Locality

Bentsen-Rio Grande Valley State Park

Time of activity

Male (January – February, June, October – December); female (January – February, April – June, September – December)

Habitat

(crops: peanuts, sugarcane); (grass: grass); (soil/woodland: edge of woods, leaf litter, post oak savanna with pasture, sandy area)

Method

pitfall trap [mf] (edge of woods [f], in sand [f])

Type

Virginia, Shenandoah National Park

Etymology

locality (national park)

Collection

DMNS, MSU, TAMU

Family Mimetidae Simon, 1881

Note. species incorrectly reported from Texas

Mimetus epeirodes Emerton, 1882; Breene et al. 1993a: 169; Pamanes-Guerrero 1975: 41, 81 [misidentified, not in Texas]

Genus Ero C. L. Koch, 1836

Ero canionis Chamberlin & Ivie, 1935

Ero canionisBradley 2013: 165; Jackman 1997: 165; Rice 1986: 124 [Kaston 1948: 275, mf, desc. (figs 881–882)]

Distribution

San Patricio

Locality

Lake Corpus Christi State Park

Type

Utah, near Salt Lake City

Etymology

canyon

Ero pensacolae Ivie & Barrows, 1935

Ero pensacolaeDean and Sterling 1990: 401; Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 333; Jackman 1997: 165; Vogel 1970b: 14 [Archer 1941: 193, f, desc. (fig. 3); Ivie and Barrows 1935: 19, m, desc. (pl. 7, fig. 54)]

Distribution

Brazos, Cameron (imm.), Walker

Time of activity

Male (October); female (December)

Method

suction trap [mf]

Type

Florida, Gainesville

Etymology

locality (other city, -cola Latin suffix meaning inhabitant of)

Collection

SIUC

Genus Mimetus Hentz, 1832

Mimetus haynesi Gertsch & Mulaik, 1940

Mimetus haynesiGertsch and Mulaik 1940: 333, m, desc. (figs 5–6); Jackman 1997: 165; Mott 1989: 87, mf, desc. (figs 73–79); Vogel 1967: 109; Vogel 1970b: 14

Distribution

Cameron, Hidalgo, Zapata

Locality

Sabal Palm Audubon Sanctuary, Santa Ana National Wildlife Refuge

Time of activity

Male (April, October – November); female (June, October – November)

Habitat

(soil/woodland: palm forest)

Method

Beating [m]

Type

Texas (male, Zapata Co., 32 miles SE Laredo, April 10, 1936, Haynes, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Person (collector)

Collection

SIUC, TAMU

Mimetus hesperus Chamberlin, 1923

Mimetus hesperusAgnew et al. 1985: 4, 9; Breene et al. 1993c: 20, 47, 90, mf (figs 118A–C); Calixto et al. 2013: 183; Chamberlin 1923: 5, mf, desc. (figs 2, 7–8); Chamberlin 1924b: 651; Dean and Eger 1986: 141; Dean and Sterling 1990: 401, 404; Dean et al. 1982: 254; Dean et al. 1988: 286; Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 333; Jackman 1997: 43, desc., 165; Kagan 1942: 14; Kaston 1972: 185 (fig. 411); Kaston 1978: 176 (fig. 442); Mott 1989: 63, mf, desc. (figs 44–50); Roewer 1942: 1023; Vogel 1970b: 14; Vogel and Durden 1972: 1; Young and Edwards 1990: 20

Mimetus notius Chamberlin, 1923; Dean and Sterling 1990: 401 [misidentified]

Distribution

Archer, Atascosa, Baylor, Bee, Bell, Bexar, Brazos, Brewster, Brown, Colorado, Comanche, Concho, Coryell, Culberson, Erath, Grayson, Hamilton, Harris, Hidalgo, Houston, Jackson, Jim Wells, Kenedy, Kerr, Live Oak, McLennan, Nueces, Pecos, Presidio, Robertson, Starr, Sutton, Tarrant, Taylor, Terrell, Tom Green, Travis, Walker, Wichita, Wilbarger, Young

Locality

Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge, Bentsen-Rio Grande Valley State Park, Big Bend National Park, Bill Haney Pecan Orchard, Ellis Prison Unit, Hagerman National Wildlife Refuge, Holmes Pecan Orchard, Lake Kickapoo, Lick Creek Park

Time of activity

Male (February – December); female (February – December)

Habitat

(crops: cotton, peanuts); (grass: grassland, pasture); (landscape features: under rock); (littoral: sedge meadow); (orchard: pecan); (plants: bluebonnets, Indian paintbrush, miscellaneous vegetation, roadside vegetation); (soil/woodland: post oak savanna with pasture)

Method

Beating [f]; cardboard band [f]; D-Vac suction; fogging [m]; pitfall trap [mf]; suction trap [mf]; sweeping [mf]

Type

California, Claremont

Etymology

Greek, western

Collection

DMNS, MSU, SIUC, TAMU

Mimetus notius Chamberlin, 1923

Mimetus notiusAgnew et al. 1985: 4; Breene et al. 1993c: 20, 47, 91, mf (figs 120A-C); Calixto et al. 2013: 183; Cutler et al. 1999: 117; Dean and Sterling 1990: 404; Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 333; Jackman 1997: 44, desc., 165 (photo 13b); Liao et al. 1984: 410; Mott 1989: 28, mf, desc. (figs 8–17); Vogel 1970b: 14; Young and Edwards 1990: 20 [Chamberlin 1923: 7, mf, desc. (figs 4, 10); Kaston 1948: 277, mf, desc. (figs 888, 894, 907)]

Mimetus hesperus Chamberlin, 1923; Dean et al. 1982: 254 [misidentified]

Distribution

Anderson, Angelina, Aransas, Atascosa, Bastrop, Bell, Bexar, Brazos, Burleson, Burleson/Lee, Cameron, Cass, Dallas, Eastland, Erath, Fannin, Freestone, Goliad, Grayson, Harris, Hidalgo, Houston, Hunt, Jack, Jim Wells, Kenedy, Kerr, Kleberg, Leon, Medina, Palo Pinto, Polk, Robertson, San Jacinto, San Patricio, Terrell, Travis, Uvalde, Walker, Washington, Wichita

Locality

Adriance Pecan Orchard, Bentsen-Rio Grande Valley State Park, Ellis Prison Unit, Garner State Park, Holmes Pecan Orchard, Huntsville State Park, Lake Corpus Christi State Park, Lake Travis, Lick Creek Park, Texas A&M University Rangeland Area, Welder Wildlife Refuge, Zilker Park

Time of activity

Male (February – November); female (February – December)

Habitat

(crops: cotton, peanuts); (littoral: creek bank, sedge meadow); (orchard: pecan); (plants: miscellaneous vegetation, vegetation); (soil/woodland: bark of Brazil tree, juniper, post oak savanna, trees, trees/shrubs, Juniperus ashei, Quercus buckleyi, Quercus virginiana, Ulmus crassifolia)

Method

Beating [mf]; cardboard band [m]; fogging [m]; suction trap [mf]; sweeping [mf]

Type

Florida, Runnymeade

Etymology

Latin, familiar

Collection

DMNS, MSU, SIUC, TAMU

Mimetus puritanus Chamberlin, 1923

Mimetus puritanusAgnew et al. 1985: 7; Bradley 2013: 165; Breene et al. 1993c: 20, 47, 91, mf (figs 119A-C); Dean and Sterling 1987: 6; Jackman 1997: 44, desc., 165; Mott 1989: 43, mf, desc. (figs 18–35) [Chamberlin 1923: 5, mf, desc. (figs 1, 6); Kaston 1948: 277, mf, desc. (figs 885–887, 893, 905)]

Distribution

Anderson, Archer, Brazos, Culberson, Erath, Falls, Limestone, Marion, Montgomery, Nueces, Walker, Washington, Wichita

Locality

Fort Parker State Park

Time of activity

Male (April, July – September); female (January, March – April, June – August)

Habitat

(crops: cotton); (nest/prey: mud dauber nest); (soil/woodland: trees/shrubs)

Method

Beating [f]; D-Vac suction [f]; suction trap [m]

Type

New York, Ithaca

Etymology

Latin, puritan or pure

Collection

MSU, SIUC, TAMU

Mimetus syllepsicus Hentz, 1832

Mimetus syllepsicusArcher 1941: 186 [S]; Jackman 1997: 165; Jackman et al. 2007: 199; Mott 1989: 20, mf, desc. (figs 1–7)

Mimetus interfector Hentz, 1850; Brown 1974: 235; Marx 1890: 525 [Chamberlin 1923: 6, mf, desc. (figs 5, 9); Kaston 1948: 277, mf, desc. (figs 889, 906)]

Distribution

Atascosa, Brazos, Cameron, Hunt, Limestone, Nacogdoches, Walker

Locality

Fort Parker State Park, Laguna Madre, Lake Tawakoni State Park, Lick Creek Park

Time of activity

Male (March – April, June – August, October); female (March, June – July, September)

Habitat

(nest/prey: mud dauber nest [f]); (soil/woodland: post oak savanna); (structures: under house eave); (web: large spider web)

Method

Beating [mf]; sweeping [f]

Type

United States

Etymology

Greek, a putting together

Collection

MSU, SIUC, TAMU

Family Miturgidae Simon, 1886

Note. Cheiracanthium and Strotarchus transferred to Eutichuridae (Ramírez 2014: 340).

Genus Syspira Simon, 1895

Note. transferred from Clubionidae (Lehtinen 1967: 266)

Syspira longipes Simon, 1895

Syspira longipesJackman 1997: 166; Lehtinen 1967: 266; Schoenly and Reid 1983: 256 [Simon 1895: 136, f, desc.]

Distribution

El Paso

Locality

Chihuahuan desert

Type

Mexico

[male unknown]

Etymology

Latin, feet, long + foot

Genus Teminius Keyserling, 1887

Note. transferred from Clubionidae (Platnick and Shadab 1989: 2)

Teminius affinis Banks, 1897

Teminius affinisBanks 1897: 193, f, desc.; Banks 1910: 9; Bradley 2013: 168; Breene et al. 1993c: 20, 47, 82, mf (figs 88A-B); Calixto et al. 2013: 183; Cokendolpher et al. 2008: 9, 30 (photo 29); Comstock 1912: 323; Irungu 2007: 31; Jackman 1997: 107, 166; Jones 1936: 69; Platnick and Shadab 1989: 7 [T], mf, desc. (figs 5–8); Reddell and Cokendolpher 2004: 88; Roewer 1955: 407; Roth 1994: 82; Ubick and Richman 2005c: 174

Syrisca affinis (Banks, 1897); Agnew et al. 1985: 4; Comstock 1940: 586; Dean and Eger 1986: 142; Dean et al. 1982: 255; Gertsch 1935b: 11 (figs 31–33); Petrunkevitch 1911: 513; Roth 1982: 13–2; Roth 1985: B-8–1; Vogel 1970b: 6; Young and Edwards 1990: 16

Drassodes sp.; Dean et al. 1982: 255 [misidentified]

Distribution

Baylor, Bexar, Brazos, Brown, Burleson, Cameron, Carson, Clay, Coleman, Colorado, Coryell, Dallas, Erath, Hays, Hidalgo, Houston, Kerr, Limestone, McLennan, Medina, Montague, Robertson, San Patricio, Tom Green, Travis, Walker, Wichita, Williamson

Locality

Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge, Bentsen-Rio Grande Valley State Park, Camp Bullis, Camp Tonkawa, Ellis Prison Unit, Fort Parker State Park, Holmes Pecan Orchard, Horne Ranch, Laguna Madre, NK Ranch, Pantex Lake, Raven Ranch, Sabal Palm Audubon Sanctuary, Stiles Farm Foundation, Welder Wildlife Refuge

Caves

Bexar (Backhole, Banzai Mud Dauber Cave [Camp Bullis], Hornet’s Last Laugh Pit, Power Pole 60 Feature, Strange Little Cave)

Time of activity

Male (February – August, October); female (March – October, November 20-December 4, December)

Habitat

(crops: cabbage, cotton, peanuts); (grass: grass, grassland, tall grass); (landscape features: cave, under rock); (littoral: near pond, playa); (orchard: pecan); (plants: Indian paintbrush); (soil/woodland: ground, in log, under oak, post oak savanna with pasture, sandy area, woods); (structures: hall, indoors, in house)

Method

pitfall trap [mf] (near pond [f], in sand [m], in woods [m], under oak [m])

Type

Texas (female, Brazos Co., no date, no collector, holotype, MCZ)

Etymology

Latin, related to Teminius continentalis Keyserling, 1887 = Orodrassus coloradensis (Emerton, 1877)

Collection

DMNS, MSU, TAMU, TMM

Genus Zora C. L. Koch, 1847

Note. transferred from Zoridae (Ramírez 2014: 341)

Zora pumila (Hentz, 1850)

Zora pumilaAgnew et al. 1985: 8; Bennett 2005b: 256; Corey and Mott 1991: 57, mf, desc. (figs 1–7); Jackman 1997: 170; Roth 1985: B-47–1; Roth 1994: 195

Distribution

Anderson, Angelina, Erath, Fayette

Locality

Angelina National Forest

Time of activity

Male (May); female (May, July)

Habitat

(soil/woodland: loblolly pine unmanaged, longleaf pine unmanaged)

Method

pitfall trap [mf]; suction trap [imm.]

Type

United States

Etymology

Latin, dwarfish

Collection

TAMU

Family Mysmenidae Petrunkevitch, 1928

Genus Mysmena Simon, 1894

Mysmena incredula (Gertsch & Davis, 1936)

Mysmena incredulaDean et al. 1988: 286; Gertsch 1960a: 15, mf, desc. (figs 19–23, 28–29); Levi 1956a: 5, mf, desc. (figs 4–19); Lopardo and Hormiga 2015: 784 [T]; Reddell 1970: 408; Roth 1982: 30–1; Roth 1985: B-26–1; Vogel 1970b: 21

Calodipoena incredula Gertsch and Davis, 1936; Bonnet 1956: 937; Breene et al. 1993b: 647; Breene et al. 1993c: 20, 47, 99, mf (figs 143A-C); Calixto et al. 2013: 183; Dean and Sterling 1990: 401, 404; Gertsch and Davis 1936: 8, mf, desc. (figs 32–33); Henderson 2007: 54, 64, 78, 80, 84; Jackman 1997: 166; Lopardo and Coddington 2005: 177; Roewer 1942: 417; Roth 1994: 133

Distribution

Blanco, Brazos, Burleson, Cameron, Colorado, Coryell, Hardeman, Hidalgo, Houston, Robertson, Walker

Locality

5-Eagle Ranch, Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge, Big Tree-Vine Association, Browning Ranch, Ellis Prison Unit, Holmes Pecan Orchard, Lick Creek Park, NK Ranch, Sabal Palm Audubon Sanctuary, Texas A&M University Rangeland Area

Caves

Hardeman (Walkup Cave)

Time of activity

Male (March – November, December 17-January 8); female (March – September, September 28-October 4)

Habitat

(crops: cotton, sugarcane); (grass: grass, grassland, pasture); (landscape features: cave); (orchard: pecan); (soil/woodland: bottomland forest, disturbed habitat, leaf litter, post oak savanna with pasture, woods)

Method

D-Vac suction [imm.]; fogging [m]; pitfall trap [mf]; suction trap [mf]; tile trap [f]

Type

Texas (male, Cameron Co., May 1–2, 1936, L. I. Davis, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Latin, tiny spider, incredible

Collection

TAMU, TMM

Note

A male and female were collected in a suction trap 10:00 to 12:00 hours.

Family Nephilidae Simon, 1894

Note. transferred from Tetragnathidae (Kuntner 2006: 24)

Note. species incorrectly reported from Texas

Nephila fasciculata (De Geer, 1778); Marx 1889: 551 [not in Texas]

Genus Nephila Leach, 1815

Nephila clavipes (Linnaeus, 1767)

Nephila clavipesBakkegard and Davenport 1977: 564–565; Bradley 2013: 219; Brown 1974: 233; Higgins 1987: 402; Higgins 1989: 749; Higgins 1990: 774; Higgins 1992a: 95; Higgins 1992b: 639; Higgins and Buskirk 1992: 486; Higgins and Goodnight 2010: 150; Higgins and McGuinness 1990: 287; Higgins and McGuinness 1991: 287; Higgins and Rankin 1999: 264; Higgins et al. 2001: 83; Jackman 1997: 67, desc., 168 (photo 20b); Levi 1980: 17 [S], mf, desc. (figs 23–43); Levi 2005b: 233; Marx 1889: 99; Moore 1977: 96; Roth 1982: 11–3; Roth 1985: B-6–3, B-6–7; Roth 1994: 170

Nephila wistariana McCook, 1894; McCook 1893: 252

Distribution

Southeast Texas; Bee, Brazoria, Brazos, Calhoun, Chambers, Fort Bend, Galveston, Hardin, Harris, Jasper, Jefferson, Lavaca, Liberty, Matagorda, Montgomery, Nacogdoches, Tyler, Willacy

Locality

Big Thicket National Preserve, Brazos Bend State Park, Lick Creek Park

Time of activity

Male (August, October); female (July – November)

Habitat

(grass: coastal plain grasslands, tall grass); (littoral: palmetto-cypress swamp); (soil/woodland: oak, scrub forest, wooded area); (web: in web)

Type

Jamaica

Etymology

Latin, club-foot

Collection

DMNS, MCZ, MSU, TAMU

Family Nesticidae Simon, 1894

Genus Eidmannella Roewer, 1935

Eidmannella bullata Gertsch, 1984

Eidmannella bullataCokendolpher and Reddell 2001a: 26; Gertsch 1984: 62, f, desc. (figs 294–295); Gertsch 1992: 78; Jackman 1997: 166

Distribution

Culberson

Caves

Culberson (Crystal Cave, Wiggley Cave)

Time of activity

Female (May – June)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave)

Type

Texas (female, Culberson Co., Wiggley Cave, June 27, 1967, J. Reddell, J. Fish, A. R. Smith, holotype, AMNH)

[male unknown]

Etymology

Latin, inflatus (projection on epigynum)

Collection

TMM

Eidmannella delicata Gertsch, 1984

Eidmannella delicataCokendolpher and Reddell 2001a: 26; Culver et al. 2003: 464; Gertsch 1984: 62, f, desc. (figs 286–287); Gertsch 1992: 78; Jackman 1997: 166

Nesticus sp.; Reddell 1965: 174 [part]

Distribution

Val Verde

Caves

Val Verde (Ladder Cave)

Time of activity

Female (April, August)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave)

Type

Texas (female, Val Verde Co., Ladder Cave, April 2, 1965, J. Reddell, holotype, AMNH)

[male unknown]

Etymology

Latin, dainty, nice

Collection

TMM

Eidmannella nasuta Gertsch, 1984

Eidmannella nasutaCokendolpher and Reddell 2001a: 26; Culver et al. 2003: 464; Gertsch 1984: 62, f, desc. (figs 291–293); Gertsch 1992: 78; Jackman 1997: 166

Distribution

Medina

Caves

Medina (Davenport Cave)

Time of activity

Female (July)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave)

Type

Texas (female, Medina Co., Davenport Cave, July 10, 1966, J. and J. Reddell, holotype, AMNH)

[male unknown]

Etymology

Latin, with big nose

Collection

TMM

Eidmannella pallida (Emerton, 1875)

Eidmannella pallidaBreene et al. 1993b: 647; Breene et al. 1993c: 20, 47, 55, mf (figs 18A-C); Calixto et al. 2013: 183; Cokendolpher and Reddell 2001a: 27; Cokendolpher and Reddell 2001b: 53; Gertsch 1984: 54 [S, T], mf, desc. (figs 249–280); Jackman 1997: 49, desc., 166; Reddell 1994: 6; Reddell and Cokendolpher 2004: 89; Roberts 2001: 48

Nesticus pallidus Emerton, 1874; Barr and Reddell 1967: 260; Bryant 1940: 321; Comstock 1912: 424; Kunath and Smith 1968: 80, 97; Reddell 1963: 20; Reddell 1965: 174 [part]; Reddell 1967: 50; Reddell 1970: 407 [part]; Reddell and Finch 1963: 40, 48; Reddell and Smith 1965: 60; Smith and Reddell 1965: 29; Vogel 1970b: 15

Nesticus mexicanus (Banks, 1898); Reddell 1965: 174; Vogel 1970b: 15

Nesticus suggerens Chamberlin, 1924; Jones 1936: 69; Vogel 1970b: 15

Distribution

Widespread in caves; Bandera, Bell, Bexar, Blanco, Brazos, Brooks, Burleson, Burnet, Cameron, Childress, Clay, Collingsworth, Colorado, Comal, Comanche, Coryell, Crockett, Culberson, Dallas, Edwards, Hardeman, Hays, Hidalgo, Howard, Irion, Kendall, King, Kinney, Llano, Lubbock, Matagorda, Medina, Menard, Nueces, Potter, Reagan, Real, Robertson, San Saba, Schleicher, Starr, Stonewall, Sutton, Taylor, Terrell, Travis, Uvalde, Val Verde, Walker, Ward, Washington, Wichita, Williamson

Locality

Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge, Bateman Ranch, Bill Haney Pecan Orchard, Browning Ranch, Ellis Prison Unit, Fort Hood, Holmes Pecan Orchard, Laguna Atascosa National Wildlife Refuge, Sabal Palm Audubon Sanctuary, White Rock Lake, Wildcat Bluff Nature Center

Caves

Bell (Camp 6 Cave No. 1 [Fort Hood], Figure 8 Cave [Fort Hood], Hills’ Cave, Marcelino’s Cave [Fort Hood], Rugger’s Rift Cave [Fort Hood], Sledgehammer Cave [Fort Hood], Sanford Pit Cave [Fort Hood], Talking Crows Cave [Fort Hood], Valentine Cave [Fort Hood], Viper Den Cave); Bexar (Alligator Lizard Cave (=Wren Cave), Black Cat Cave, Caracol Creek Coon Cave, Cave No. 189, Cave No. 194, Cave site #303 [Government Canyon Karst Fauna Region], Cave site #305, Cave site #701, Dirtwater Cave, Government Canyon Bat Cave [Government Canyon State Natural Area], Headquarters Cave, I Think It’s A Cave, Kamikazi Cricket Cave, Max and Roberts Cave [=SWCA no. 3007, 3008], Persimmon Pit, Porcupine Squeeze Cave [=Grubs Cave No. 189], Robber Baron Cave, SARA Site 4 Cave, Stealth Cave, Stevens Ranch Cave No. 1, Toad Cave, Voight’s Bat Cave, Wren Cave, Young Cave No. 1); Blanco (Forest View Cave, T Cave); Burnet (Nolan’s Cave, Snellings Cave, Waldman Cave); Childress (Windmill Crack Cave); Collingsworth (Turtle Cave); Comal (Bender’s Cave, Brehmmer Cave [=Heidrich’s Cave], Coreth Bat Cave, Grosser’s Cave); Coryell ([all Fort Hood] Chigiouxs’ Cave, Mixmaster Cave, Plateau Cave No. 1, Tippit Cave); Crockett (09 Well, Dudley Cave, Water Cave); Culberson (Porcupine Fissure, Whirlwind Cave); Edwards (Vance Cave); Hardeman (Campsey Cave); Hays (Grapevine Cave, McCarty Cave, Wiseman Sink); Howard (Cramer’s Scenic Mountain Cave); Irion (Corngriders Cave, Noelke Cave); Kendall (Behr’s Cave, Sattler’s Deep Pit); King (River Styx Cave); Kinney (Webb Cave); Llano (Enchanted Rock Cave); Medina (Valdina Farms Sinkhole); Menard (Neel’s Cave, Powell’s Cave, Silver Mine Cave); Reagan (Big Lake State Park Cave); Real (Bonner Fallout Shelter Cave); San Saba (Fern Cave); Schleicher (Cave Y); Stonewall (Aspermont Bat Cave); Sutton (Caverns of Sonora, Mayfield Cave); Terrell (Sorcerer’s Cave); Travis (Airman’s Cave, Austin Caverns, Brodie Sink, Broken Straw Cave, Cave X, Cotterell Cave, Driskill Cave, Flint Ridge Cave, Goat Cave, Ireland’s Cave, Jack’s Joint, Jester Pit, Kretschmarr Salamander Cave, Lundsford’s Cave, Midnight Cave, Moonmilk Cave, Plethodon Cave, Spider Cave, Spyglass Cave, Whirlpool Cave, Wooden Derrick Cave); Uvalde (North Well Cave, Pablo’s Cave, Rambie’s Cave, Story Cave); Val Verde (Airport Cave, Emerald Sink, Fawcett’s Cave, Fern Cave, Four-Mile Cave, H. T. Miers Cave, Langtry Lead Cave, Oriente Milestone Molasses Bat Cave, Seminole Sink [Seminole Canyon State Historical Park]); Ward (Rattlesnake Cave); Washington (Devil’s Den); Williamson (Agave Cave, Argo Cave, Ballroom Cave No. 2, The Bat Well, Bat Well Cave, Beck Creek Cave, Beck Pride Cave, Beck Ranch Cave, Brents Bad Air Cave, Brown’s Cave, Cassidy Cave, Cobb Caverns, Coffin Cave, Deliverance Cave No. 1, Do Drop In Cave, Duckworth Bat Cave, East Fork Fissure, Electro-Mag Cave, Elm Water Cave, Florence Cave No. 18, Hatchet Cave, Holler Hole Cave, Inner Space Caverns, Kiva Cave No. 1, Lorfing’s Unseen Rattler Cave, McNeil Quarry Cave, Off Campus Cave, Onion Branch Cave, Polaris Cave, Reach-Around Cave, Rockfall Cave, Sore-ped Cave, Steam Cave, Sting Cave, Texella Cave, Three-Mile Cave, Trail of Tears Cave, Turner Goat Cave, War Party Cave, Williams Cave, Williams Cave No. 1)

Time of activity

Male (February, April – November); female (January – December)

Habitat

(crops: cotton, sugarcane); (grass: grass); (landscape features: cave); (orchard: pecan); (soil/woodland: post oak savanna with pasture, thorn thicket)

Method

Flight intercept trap [m]; pitfall trap [mf]

Type

Virginia, Fountain Cave

Etymology

Latin, pale cave representatives

Collection

JCC, MSU, NMSU, TAMU, TMM, TTU

Eidmannella reclusa Gertsch, 1984

Eidmannella reclusaCokendolpher and Reddell 2001a: 28; Culver et al. 2003: 464; Gertsch 1984: 61, f, desc. (figs 288–290); Gertsch 1992: 78; Jackman 1997: 166

Nesticus pallidus Emerton, 1874; Reddell 1965: 174 [part]

Distribution

Travis

Caves

Travis (McDonald Cave (=Schultz), Plethodon Cave, Puzzle Pit, Stovepipe Cave, Tooth Cave, Twelve Foot Dome, Ulls Water Cave)

Time of activity

Female (March- June, October)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave)

Type

Texas (female, Travis Co., Tooth Cave, June 9, 1967, R. Mitchell, holotype, AMNH)

[male unknown]

Etymology

Latin, close off, a recluse

Collection

TMM, TTU

Eidmannella rostrata Gertsch, 1984

Eidmannella rostrataCokendolpher and Reddell 2001a: 28; Culver et al. 2003: 464; Gertsch 1984: 60, mf, desc. (figs 281–283); Gertsch 1992: 78; Jackman 1997: 166; Reddell and Cokendolpher 2004: 90

Nesticus pallidus Emerton, 1874; Reddell 1965: 174 [part]; Reddell 1970: 407 [part]

Nesticus spp.; Reddell 1965: 174 [part]

Nesticus sp.; Reddell 1970: 407

Distribution

Central and west central Texas; Bandera, Bexar, Blanco, Burnet, Comal, Culberson, Hays, Kendall, Kinney, Medina, Real, Terrell, Travis, Uvalde, Val Verde, Williamson

Locality

Camp Bullis

Caves

Bandera (Albino Bat Cave, Can Creek Cave No. 1, Charity Cave, Fog Fissure, Fossil Cave, Garrison Hilltop Cave, Haby Salamander Cave, Haby Water Cave); Bexar (Backhole, Banzai Mud Dauber Cave, Bone Pile Cave [Government Canyon State Natural Area], Braken Bat Cave, Breached Dam Cave, Bullis Hole, Caracol Creek Coon Cave, Cave of the Bearded Tree, Cave of the Half-Snake, Cave No. 18, Cave site #2101, Charley’s Cute Little Hole, Cross the Creek Cave, Eagles Nest Cave, F-150 Cave, Fair Hole, Flach’s Cave, Flying Buzzworm Cave, Game Pasture Cave No. 1, Georg’s Hole, Government Canyon Bat Cave [Government Canyon State Natural Area], Headquarters Cave, Hector Hole, Helotes Blowhole, Hitzfelder’s Bone Hole [=Hitzfeler’s Cave], Hold Me Back Cave, Isocow Cave, Isopit, Low Priority Cave, Madla’s Cave, MARS Shaft, Mattke Cave, Max and Roberts Cave [=SWCA no. 3007, 3008, 3009, 3011], Poison Ivy Pit, Robber Baron Cave, Root Canal Cave, Scenic Overlook Cave [=Cave site #2101], Stahl Cave, Sunray Cave (=Cave No. 18), Surprise Sink [Government Canyon State Natural Area], SWCA no. 3011, Up the Creek Cave, Winston’s Cave, Wurzbach Bat Cave); Blanco (T Cave); Burnet (Big Bad Wolf Cave, Longhorn Caverns); Comal (Bad Weather Pit, Bain’s Cave, Bender’s Cave, Camp Bullis Bad Air Cave, Camp Bullis Bat Cave, Camp Bullis Cave No. 1, Camp Bullis Cave No. 3, Ebert Cave, Grosser’s Sink [=Grosser’s-Saur’s Sink], Just Now Cave, Kappelman Cave, Klar’s Cave, Knee Deep Cave, Natural Bridge Caverns, Preserve Cave [Honey Creek Preserve], Snakeskin Pit, Strosser’s Sink, Wiley’s Cave); Culberson (Crystal Cave, Wiggley Cave); Hays (Halifax Bat Cave, Nance Bat Cave); Kendall (474 Cave, A Hole, Cascade Caverns, Cascade Sinkhole, Cave Without-a-Name [Century Caverns], Cole Ranch Cave No. 1, Cricket Cave, Cueva de los Tres Bobos, Forget-Me-Not Cave, Forlorn Hole, Georgia W. Cave, Glen Rose Cave, Grand Column Cave, Hal’s Cave, Jan’s Fissure, Knee Deep Cave, Pfeiffer Crawlway Cave, Pfeiffer Dirt Sink, Pfeiffer’s Water Cave, Prassel Ranch Cave, Schneider Ranch Cave, Schwarz Cave, Swaglet Cave, Two Step Cave); King (River Styx Cave); Kinney (Baker’s Crossing Cave); Medina (Davenport Cave, Koch Cave, Surprise Cave, Windmill Cave); Real (Orell Bat Cave, Orell Crevice Cave, Skeleton Cave); Terrell (Goode Cave); Travis (Airman’s Cave, Feather Sink, Five Pocket Cave, Ireland’s Cave, Jack’s Joint, Kretschmarr Salamander Cave, McDonald Cave, Midnight Cave, Schulze Cave, Tooth Cave); Uvalde (Barn-Sized Fissure Cave, Cave Hollow Cave, Indian Creek Cave, Maybe Stream Cave, Tampke Ranch Cave, Whitecotton Bat Cave); Val Verde (Cave Hollow Cave); Williamson (Double Dog Hole Cave, East Fork Fissure, Temples of Thor Cave)

Time of activity

Male (January – June, August – October); female (January – December)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave)

Type

Texas (female, Kendall Co., Schneider Ranch Cave, February 27, 1972, J. Reddell, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Latin, with beak

Collection

TMM

Eidmannella tuckeri Cokendolpher & Reddell, 2001

Eidmannella tuckeriCokendolpher and Reddell 2001a: 31, f, desc. (figs 2–7); Paquin and Hedin 2005a: 179

Distribution

Jeff Davis

Caves

Jeff Davis (Phantom Lake Cave)

Time of activity

Female (October)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave)

Type

Texas (female, Jeff Davis Co., Phantom Lake Cave, October 1996, W. Tucker, holotype, AMNH)

[male unknown]

Etymology

Person (This species is named in honor of the collector, William (Bill) Tucker of Grand Prairie, Texas, Cokendolpher and Reddell 2001a).

Genus Gaucelmus Keyserling, 1884

Gaucelmus augustinus Keyserling, 1884

Gaucelmus augustinusCokendolpher and Reddell 2001a: 26; Cokendolpher and Reddell 2001b: 53; Gertsch 1979: 162; Gertsch 1984: 6 [S], mf, desc. (figs 2–11, 15–16, 23–25); Jackman 1997: 166; McKenzie and Reddell 1964: 7; Paquin and Hedin 2005a: 180; Reddell 1964: 16; Reddell 1965: 174; Reddell 1970: 406; Reddell and Cokendolpher 2004: 90; Reddell and Finch 1963: 50; Roth 1982: 31–1; Roth 1985: B-27–1; Roth 1994: 135; Smith and Reddell 1971: 21; Vogel 1970b: 14

Theridium eigenmanni Banks, 1902; Banks 1902: 97, f; Banks 1910: 19; Bonnet 1959: 4470; Eigenmann 1900: 230; Roewer 1942: 503; Ulrich 1902: 97

Theridion eigenmanni Banks, 1902; Petrunkevitch 1911: 194

Distribution

Central Texas; Bandera, Bell, Bexar, Blanco, Comal, Edwards, Hays, Kendall, Kerr, Kimble, Real, Travis, Uvalde, Williamson

Locality

Camp Bullis, Fort Hood

Caves

Bandera (Garrison Hilltop Cave, Haby Salamander Cave, Haby Water Cave, Mueller Cave, Sutherland Hollow Cave); Bell (Adam’s Gold Mine, Camp 6 Cave No. 1 [Fort Hood]); Bexar (Bear Cave, Holy Smoke Cave, Lost Pot Hole, Wurzbach Bat Cave, Young Cave No. 1); Blanco (T Cave); Comal (Brehmmer Cave [=Heidrich’s Cave], Brehmmer-Heidrich Cave, Coreth Bat Cave, Dierk Cave No. 1, Ebert Cave, Fischer Pit, Little Cave); Edwards (700 Springs Cave); Hays (Bear Cave, Beaver Cave [=Wonder Cave], Boyett’s Cave, Burnett Ranch Cave, Cricket Cave, Ezell’s Cave, McGlothlin Sink, Michaelis Cave, Vogelsang’s Camp, Wimberly Bat Cave, Wiseman Sink, Wiseman Sink No. 2, Wonder Cave); Kendall (Cave Without A Name, Knee Deep Cave); Kerr (Adam Wilson’s Cave, Mingus Root Cave, Smith Cave, Wilson Ranch Cave); Kimble (700 Springs Cave, Fleming Bat Cave); Real (Orell Crevice Cave, Shellhammer Cave); Travis (Lost Gold Cave); Uvalde (Tampke Ranch Cave); Williamson (Bonito Sink Cave, Dynamite Cave, Short Stack Cave, Sore-ped Cave, Three-Mile Cave, Tres Amigos Cave, Whiskey Jug Cave)

Time of activity

Male (February – September, December); female (January – December)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave)

Type

Florida, Fort St. Augustin

Etymology

locality (city)

Collection

TMM, TTU

Family Oecobiidae Blackwall, 1862

Genus Oecobius Lucas, 1846

Oecobius cellariorum (Dugès, 1836)

Oecobius cellariorumAgnew et al. 1985: 6; Jackman 1997: 45, 166; Shear 1970: 136 [S], mf, desc. (figs 3–4, 13, 28, 48–49)

Oecobius texanus Bryant, 1936; Bonnet 1958: 3135; Bryant 1936: 87, mf, desc. (figs 8a–e); Comstock 1940: 291; Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 335; Roewer 1955: 1290; Vogel 1970b: 15

Distribution

North-central and central Texas; Bastrop, Baylor, Brazos, Dallas, Erath, Kerr, Wichita, Williamson

Time of activity

Male (February – April, June, September); female (February – May, July, September – November)

Habitat

(structures: glue board in school, indoors, in lab, side of house)

Method

glue board [m]

Type

unknown

Etymology

Latin, of the cellar

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Oecobius navus Blackwall, 1859

Oecobius navusWunderlich 1995a: 595 [S]

Oecobius parietalis (Hentz, 1850); Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 335; Vogel 1970b: 15 [Texas records]

Oecobius annulipes Lucas, 1846; Brown 1974: 235; Cobb 1994: 391; Jackman 1997: 45, desc., 166; Shear 1970: 138, mf, desc. (figs 9–10, 14, 29–30, 50–51); Vincent and Frankie 1985: 380

Distribution

Central, west, and south Texas; Atascosa, Bexar, Brazos, Cameron, Dallas, Erath, Fort Bend, Harris, Hidalgo, Nacogdoches, Nueces, Smith, Starr, Travis, Val Verde

Locality

Comstock Railroad Tunnel, Green Island Bird Refuge

Time of activity

Male (March – May, August – September, December); female (January – June, August – December)

Habitat

(soil/woodland: live oak, palm tree, punkwood, Quercus virginiana); (structures: indoors, on brick wall, side of building, in house along window sill)

Method

sweeping [m]

Eggs/spiderlings

Hidalgo [3 spiders, 3 eggs in eggsac] [TAMU]

Type

Portugal, Madeira Islands

Etymology

Latin, referring to ship

Collection

DMNS, MCZ, MSU, TAMU, TMM

Oecobius putus O. P.-Cambridge, 1876

Oecobius putusJackman 1997: 166; Kaston 1978: 75; Shear 1970: 144, mf, desc. (figs 1–2, 17, 34, 56–57)

Distribution

Brewster, El Paso

Locality

Big Bend National Park

Time of activity

Male (May); female (May)

Type

Egypt

Etymology

Latin, pure or clean

Family Oonopidae Simon, 1890

Genus Escaphiella Platnick & Dupérré, 2009

Escaphiella hespera (Chamberlin, 1924)

Escaphiella hesperaPlatnick and Dupérré 2009b: 14 [S, T], mf, desc. (figs 16–128) [see note below]

Scaphiella hespera Chamberlin, 1924; Comstock 1940: 312, desc.; Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 326; Jackman 1997: 166; Kaston 1972: 91, desc. (figs 205–206); Kaston 1978: 93, desc. (figs 223–224); Vogel 1970b: 15

Scaphiella juvenilis (Gertsch and Davis, 1936); Jackman 1997: 166

Stenoonops juvenilis Gertsch and Davis, 1936; Bonnet 1958: 4156; Gertsch and Davis 1936: 21, m, desc. (fig. 27); Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 326; Roewer 1942: 281; Vogel 1970b: 15

Distribution

Cameron, Fayette, Gonzalez, Hidalgo, Kenedy, San Patricio, Starr, Val Verde, Zapata

Locality

Kenedy Ranch, Laguna Madre

Time of activity

Male (January, April, June, August, October – December); female (January – February, May, July, September, November – December)

Habitat

(nest/prey: nest of Neotoma micropus nest [m]); (soil/woodland: leaf litter)

Method

pitfall trap [m]; sifting [m]

Type

California

Etymology

Greek, western

Collection

DMNS, TAMU

Note

32 miles E Laredo should be 32 miles SE Laredo in Zapata Co. based on other records from this date.

Genus Noonops Platnick & Berniker, 2013

Noonops furtivus (Gertsch, 1936)

Noonops furtivusPlatnick and Berniker 2013a: 17 [T], mf, desc. (figs 97–110)

Oonops furtivus Gertsch, 1936; Bonnet 1958: 3190; Gertsch 1936: 6, m, desc. (figs 19–21); Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 325; Jackman 1997: 166; Roewer 1942: 278; Vogel 1970b: 15

Distribution

Caldwell, Cameron, Hidalgo

Locality

Lockhart State Park, Sabal Palm Audubon Sanctuary

Time of activity

Male (February, June, September); female (February, April, September)

Habitat

(littoral: dry irrigation ditch)

Method

sifting [m]

Type

Texas (male, Hidalgo Co., 7 miles E Edinburg, February 17, 1935, S. Mulaik, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Latin, furtive

Genus Oonopoides Bryant, 1940

Oonopoides secretus (Gertsch, 1936)

Oonopoides secretusPlatnick and Berniker 2013b: 17 [T], mf, desc. (figs 104–114)

Oonops secretus Gertsch, 1936; Bonnet 1958: 3192; Gertsch 1936: 8, m, desc. (figs 14–16); Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 325; Jackman 1997: 166; Roewer 1942: 278; Vogel 1970b: 15

Distribution

Bexar, Burleson, Cameron, Gonzalez, Hidalgo, Hudspeth, Nueces, San Patricio

Locality

Guadalupe Pass, Welder Wildlife Refuge

Time of activity

Male (January, March 22-April 28, April, July, November – December); female (January, April, October, December)

Habitat

(soil/woodland: leaf litter under cactus)

Method

Berlese funnel [f]; pitfall trap [m]

Type

Texas (male, Cameron Co., 15 miles SW Harlingen, November 18, 1934, S. Mulaik, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Latin, secret

Collection

DMNS, TAMU

Genus Oonops Templeton, 1835

Oonops stylifer Gertsch, 1936

Oonops styliferBonnet 1958: 3193; Gertsch 1936: 6, m, desc. (figs 10–12); Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 325; Jackman 1997: 166; Roewer 1942: 279; Vogel 1970b: 15

Distribution

Hidalgo

Time of activity

Male (June)

Type

Texas (male, Hidalgo Co., Edinburg, June 1935, S. Mulaik, holotype, AMNH)

[female unknown]

Etymology

Latin, embolus with long spine

Genus Opopaea Simon, 1891

Opopaea concolor (Blackwall, 1859)

Opopaea concolorPlatnick and Dupérré 2009a: 22 [S], mf, desc. (figs 73–104)

Opopaea devia Gertsch, 1936; Bonnet 1958: 3197; Gertsch 1936: 5, f, desc. (fig. 13); Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 326; Jackman 1997: 166; Roewer 1942: 288; Vogel 1970b: 15

Distribution

Hidalgo

Time of activity

Male (May); female (March – May, December)

Type

Madeira

Etymology

Latin, sexes similar in color

Opopaea floridana (Banks, 1896)

Opopaea floridana [Chickering 1969: 153, f, desc. (figs 20–21)]

Distribution

Comal

Type

Florida, Punta Gorda

[male unknown]

Etymology

locality (state)

Collection

MCZ

Opopaea meditata Gertsch & Davis, 1936

Opopaea meditataBonnet 1958: 3197; Comstock 1940: 312, desc.; Gertsch and Davis 1936: 20, f, desc. (figs 25–26); Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 325; Jackman 1997: 166; Platnick and Dupérré 2009b: 4; Roewer 1942: 288

Opopaea mediata Gertsch and Davis, 1936; Vogel 1970b: 15

Distribution

Bexar

Time of activity

Female (December)

Type

Texas (female, Bexar Co., San Antonio, December 28, 1935, L. I. Davis, holotype, AMNH)

[male unknown]

Etymology

Latin, meditate

Opopaea sedata Gertsch & Mulaik, 1940

Opopaea sedataGertsch and Mulaik 1940: 325, f, desc.; Jackman 1997: 166; Platnick and Dupérré 2009b: 4; Vogel 1967: 110; Vogel 1970b: 15

Distribution

Brooks

Time of activity

Female (June)

Type

Texas (female, Brooks Co., Encino, June 3, 1936, S. Mulaik, holotype, AMNH)

[male unknown]

Etymology

Latin, quiet

Genus Orchestina Simon, 1882

Orchestina saltitans Banks, 1894

Orchestina saltitansBrown 1974: 235; Jackman 1997: 166 [Petrunkevitch 1920: 158, mf, desc. (figs 1–9)]

Distribution

Nacogdoches

Time of activity

Male (July)

Habitat

(structures: in house, on bedspread in house)

Type

New York, Long Island

Etymology

Latin, leaping

Family Oxyopidae Thorell, 1870

Note. species incorrectly reported from Texas

Hamataliwa sp.; Comstock 1912: 661 [distinct species, Travis Co., unknown]

Oxyopes tibialis F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1902; Milstead 1958: 445 [not in United States]

Genus Hamataliwa Keyserling, 1887

Hamataliwa grisea Keyserling, 1887

Hamataliwa griseaBrady 1964: 501, mf, desc. (figs 108–109, 115–116, 126–127, 134–135); Comstock 1940: 668; Jackman 1997: 102, desc., 166; Vincent and Frankie 1985: 380; Vogel 1970b: 15

Distribution

Central, west and south Texas; Aransas, Bexar, Brazos, Brewster, Brown, Burleson, Cameron, Hidalgo, Jeff Davis, Jim Wells, Kinney, Nueces, Presidio, San Patricio, Starr, Travis, Uvalde

Locality

Bentsen-Rio Grande Valley State Park, Fort Sam Houston, Goose Island State Park, Riley Estate, Russell Farm, Sabal Palm Audubon Sanctuary, Santa Ana National Wildlife Refuge, Welder Wildlife Refuge

Time of activity

Male (March 3-April 4, June); female (April – October)

Habitat

(nest/prey: mud dauber nest [f]); (plants: Compositae); (soil/woodland: forest, live oak, post oak savanna with pasture, sandy brushland, trees, Quercus virginiana, Ulmus crassifolia); (structures: insect emergence cage outside)

Method

Beating [f]; flight intercept trap [m]; pitfall trap [f]; sweeping [m]

Type

North America

Etymology

Middle Latin, gray

Collection

MCZ, MSU, NMSU, TAMU

Hamataliwa helia (Chamberlin, 1929)

Hamataliwa heliaBrady 1964: 497 [T], mf, desc. (figs 112–114, 119–121, 124–125, 130–133); Brady 1970: 83; Brady and Santos 2005: 191; Jackman 1997: 166; Vogel 1970b: 15

Oxyopes helius Chamberlin, 1929; Bryant 1936: 92, m, desc. (fig. 7); Jones 1936: 69; Roewer 1955: 334

Distribution

Brazos, Cameron, Dallas, Hidalgo, Jasper, Kaufman, Tyler

Locality

Kirby State Forest, Sabal Palm Audubon Sanctuary

Time of activity

Male (April – June, August, October); female (March 30-April 27, April – June, October – November)

Habitat

(soil/woodland: willow)

Method

pitfall trap [f]

Type

Georgia, Okefenokee Swamp, Mixson’s Hammock

Etymology

referring to the sun

Collection

TAMU

Hamataliwa unca Brady, 1964

Hamataliwa uncaBrady 1964: 499, mf, desc. (figs 110–111, 117–118, 122–123, 128–129); Brady 1970: 97; Brady and Santos 2005: 191; Jackman 1997: 166; Vogel 1967: 111; Vogel 1970b: 15

Hamataliwa unica Brady, 1964; Armstrong and Richman 2007: 396

Distribution

Cameron, Hidalgo

Locality

Russell Farm

Time of activity

Male (“September-December”); female (June, September – October, December)

Method

Boll weevil pheromone trap [m]

Type

Texas (male, Hidalgo Co., Edinburg, September-December 1933, S. Mulaik, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

arbitrary combination of letters

Collection

NMSU, TAMU

Genus Oxyopes Latreille, 1804

Oxyopes acleistus Chamberlin, 1929

Oxyopes acleistusBrady 1975: 198 [S]; Breene et al. 1993a: 169; Henderson 2007: 60, 78, 80, 84; Jackman 1997: 166; Yantis 2005: 197 [Brady 1964: 454, mf, desc. (figs 5–6, 18–20, 29–30, 37–38)]

Oxyopes aureus Brady, 1964; Brady 1964: 457, mf, desc. (figs 1–4, 13–17, 27–28, 35–36); Vogel 1967: 111; Vogel 1970b: 15

Distribution

Widespread; Anderson, Aransas, Atascosa, Bee, Brazoria, Brazos, Brewster, Brooks, Burleson, Calhoun, Cameron, Dallas, DeWitt, Harris, Hays, Hidalgo, Kenedy, San Patricio, Starr, Travis, Walker, Williamson, Zapata

Locality

Bentsen-Rio Grande Valley State Park, Goose Island State Park, Hoskins Mound, Kenedy Ranch, Lake Corpus Christi State Park, Lick Creek Park, Lower Rio Grande Valley National Wildlife Refuge, Santa Ana National Wildlife Refuge, Texas A&M University Rangeland Area, Welder Wildlife Refuge

Time of activity

Male (March – November); female (January, March – November)

Habitat

(grass: grass); (littoral: sand dune under live oak); (nest/prey: mud dauber nest); (orchard: citrus); (plants: Compositae, herbaceous vegetation, miscellaneous vegetation); (soil/woodland: disturbed habitat, forest, hackberry matte, Juniperus managed plot, mesquite thicket, pine woods [%: 100], riparian mesquite forest, trees)

Method

5 gallon bucket trap [f]; beating [f]; blue pan trap [m]; D-Vac suction [mf]; flight intercept trap [mf]; flight intercept trap on ground [m]; pitfall trap [mf]; yellow pan trap [m]; sweeping [mf]

Type

Florida, Sanford

Etymology

without closure

Collection

DMNS, MCZ, TAMU

Oxyopes aglossus Chamberlin, 1929

Oxyopes aglossusBrady 1964: 461, mf, desc. (figs 9–12, 21–22, 31–32, 39–40); Jackman 1997: 166; Kaston 1978: 199, desc.; Rapp 1984: 6; Vogel 1970b: 15

Distribution

Galveston, Jasper, Tyler

Locality

Kirby State Forest

Time of activity

Male (May – June); female (June)

Habitat

(soil/woodland: sandy area)

Type

Georgia, Okefenokee Swamp, Billy’s Island

Etymology

noun, without a tongue

Collection

TAMU

Oxyopes apollo Brady, 1964

Oxyopes apolloAgnew et al. 1985: 4, 10; Brady 1964: 467, mf, desc. (figs 41–42, 47–50, 72–75); Brady 1969: 428; Brady 1975: 216; Breene et al. 1993c: 21, 48, 93, mf (figs 123A-C); Broussard and Horner 2006: 254; Calixto et al. 2013: 183, 187; Dean and Eger 1986: 142; Dean et al. 1982: 255; Dean et al. 1988: 287; Jackman 1997: 102, desc., 166; Kaston 1978: 199, desc.; Rapp 1984: 6; Richman et al. 2011a: 47; Roberts 2001: 49; Vogel 1967: 111; Vogel 1970b: 15; Young and Edwards 1990: 20

Distribution

Widespread; Anderson, Atascosa, Bastrop, Bexar, Blanco, Brazos, Brewster, Brooks, Burleson, Cameron, Colorado, Comanche, Coryell, Dimmit, Erath, Freestone, Galveston, Garza, Hays, Hidalgo, Houston, Kaufman, Kenedy, Kerr, Kleberg, Knox, Leon, Llano, Lubbock, Maverick, Milam, Nueces, Polk, Potter, Presidio, Robertson, San Patricio, Somervell, Terrell, Uvalde, Val Verde, Van Zandt, Victoria, Walker, Wichita, Willacy, Williamson

Locality

5-Eagle Ranch, Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge, Big Bend National Park, Bill Haney Pecan Orchard, Browning Ranch, Chaparral Wildlife Management Area, Chihuahuan desert, Dalquest Research Site, Ellis Prison Unit, Galveston Island State Park, Garner State Park, Holmes Pecan Orchard, Santa Ana National Wildlife Refuge, Seminole Canyon State Park, Somerville Lake, Stiles Farm Foundation, Texas A&M University Rangeland Area, Welder Wildlife Refuge, Wildcat Bluff Nature Center

Time of activity

Male (March – October); female (March – October)

Habitat

(crops: cotton, peanuts); (grass: grass, grasses, grassland, pasture); (littoral: salt marsh area); (orchard: grapefruit, pecan); (plants: bluebonnets, Indian paintbrush, miscellaneous vegetation, Oenothera sp.); (soil/woodland: clay soil brushland, paloverde upland area, post oak savanna with pasture, sandy area, sandy open prairie, savanna, scrub cottonwood, woods)

Method

D-Vac suction [f]; pitfall trap [mf] (in sand [m]); ramp trap [mf]; suction trap [imm.]; sweeping [mf]; tile trap [f]; yellow pan trap [f]

Type

Texas (male, Brooks Co., Encino, May 12, 1952, M. Cazier, W. Gertsch, R. Schrammel, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

noun in apposition, Greek god

Collection

DMNS, JCC, MSU, TAMU

Oxyopes cougar Brady, 1969

Oxyopes cougar [Brady 1969: 432, mf desc. (figs 1–4, 9–12)]

Distribution

Angelina, Brazos

Locality

Angelina National Forest, Lick Creek Park

Time of activity

Male (May); female (September)

Habitat

(soil/woodland: longleaf pine managed, post oak savanna)

Method

pitfall trap [m]; sweeping [f]

Type

Florida, Escambia Co., 8 miles NW Pensacola

Etymology

noun in apposition, after the Cougar

Collection

TAMU

Oxyopes felinus Brady, 1964

Oxyopes felinusBroussard and Horner 2006: 254; Richman et al. 2011a: 47 [Brady 1964: 476, mf, desc. (figs 56–57, 64–65); Brady 1975: 217, f desc. (figs 21–22, 39–40, 69–70, 102–103)]

Distribution

Brewster, Presidio

Locality

Chihuahuan desert, Dalquest Research Site

Method

pitfall trap [m]

Type

Arizona, Santa Catalina Mountains, Molino Basin

Etymology

adjective, cat-like

Collection

MSU

Oxyopes lynx Brady, 1964

Oxyopes lynxBrady 1964: 475, m, desc. (figs 58–59, 66–67); Brady 1969: 428; Jackman 1997: 166; Vogel 1967: 111; Vogel 1970b: 15

Distribution

Brewster, Val Verde

Locality

Seminole Canyon State Park

Time of activity

Male (June – July)

Type

Texas (male, Brewster Co., Marathon, June 12, 1948, M. A. Cazier, holotype, AMNH)

[female unknown]

Etymology

noun in apposition after the Lynx

Collection

TAMU

Oxyopes panther Brady, 1975

Oxyopes pantherBroussard and Horner 2006: 254; Richman et al. 2011a: 47 [Brady 1975: 227, f, desc. (figs 15–16, 45–46)]

Distribution

Brewster, Presidio

Locality

Chihuahuan desert, Dalquest Research Site

Method

pitfall trap [f]

Type

Arizona, 12 miles W Portal

[male unknown]

Etymology

noun in apposition after the Panther

Collection

MSU

Oxyopes salticus Hentz, 1845

Oxyopes salticusAgnew et al. 1982: 631; Agnew et al. 1985: 4, 10; Bonnet 1958: 3240; Brady 1964: 478, mf, desc. (figs 80–86, 91–96, 104–105); Breene 1988: 15, 17, 23–26, 35–37, 39–41, 44, 47, 49; Breene et al. 1988: 180–181; Breene et al. 1989: 162; Breene et al. 1993c: 21, 48, 92, mf (figs 122A-C); Brown 1974: 235; Bumroongsook et al. 1992: 17; Calixto et al. 2013: 183, 189–190; Cokendolpher et al. 2008: 10, 30; Dean and Eger 1986: 142; Dean and Sterling 1985: 117; Dean and Sterling 1987: 6; Dean and Sterling 1990: 402, 405; Dean and Sterling 1992: 3–4; Dean et al. 1982: 255; Dean et al. 1987: 268; Dean et al. 1988: 285, 287; Glick and Noble 1961: 7; Henderson 2007: 52, 78, 81, 84; Jackman 1997: 103, desc., 166 (photo 29c); Jones 1936: 69; Kagan 1942: 41; Kagan 1943: 258; Marx 1890: 567; McDaniel et al. 1981: 104; Nuessly and Sterling 1984: 97; Nyffeler and Sterling 1994: 1295, 1298; Nyffeler et al. 1987a: 356–357; Nyffeler et al. 1987b: 1114; Nyffeler et al. 1988a: 55; Nyffeler et al. 1992a: 1181; Nyffeler et al. 1992b: 1459–1460; Nyffeler et al. 1992c: 2; Pamanes-Guerrero 1975: 16, 34, 37, 41, 59, 63, 78, 81; Rapp 1984: 6; Roberts 2001: 49; Rogers and Horner 1977: 523; Sterling et al. 1979: 979; Vincent and Frankie 1985: 380; Vogel 1970b: 16; Woods and Harrel 1976: 43; Young and Edwards 1990: 20

Distribution

Widespread; Anderson, Atascosa, Austin, Bastrop, Bee, Bell, Bexar, Blanco, Bosque, Bowie, Brazoria, Brazos, Briscoe, Brown, Burleson, Burnet, Cameron, Camp, Carson, Cass, Cherokee, Collin, Colorado, Comal, Comanche, Cooke, Coryell, Cottle, Crosby, Dallas, Delta, Denton, DeWitt, Eastland, Ellis, Erath, Falls, Fayette, Floyd, Fort Bend, Franklin, Frio, Gaines, Galveston, Gillespie, Goliad, Gonzales, Grimes, Hale, Harris, Hays, Henderson, Hidalgo, Hill, Hockley, Hopkins, Houston, Howard, Hudspeth, Jasper, Jefferson, Jim Wells, Kaufman, Kendall, Kenedy, Kerr, Knox, Lamar, Lampasas, Liberty, Llano, Lubbock, Madison, Martin, McLennan, McMullen, Mills, Mitchell, Montgomery, Nacogdoches, Navarro, Newton, Nueces, Panola, Pecos, Potter, Rains, Reeves, Robertson, San Patricio, Shelby, Somervell, Starr, Taylor, Terry, Titus, Tom Green, Travis, Uvalde, Val Verde, Van Zandt, Victoria, Walker, Wharton, Wichita, Willacy, Williamson, Wise, Wood

Locality

5-Eagle Ranch, Adriance Pecan Orchard, Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge, Bastrop State Park, Bill Haney Pecan Orchard, Browning Ranch, Ellis Prison Unit, Falcon State Park, Galveston Island State Park, Garner State Park, Goliad State Park, Holmes Pecan Orchard, Jones State Forest, Kenedy Ranch, Lacuna Park, Lake Normangee, Lick Creek Park, Nash Prairie, Palmetto State Park, Pantex Lake, Seminole Canyon State Park, Stiles Farm Foundation, Texas A&M University Rangeland Area, Welder Wildlife Refuge, Wildcat Bluff Nature Center

Time of activity

Male (March – October); female (February – November)

Habitat

(crops: cotton, guar, peanuts, rice); (grass: grass, grassland, grasses and weeds, grassy and shrub area, pasture); (littoral: near playa, salt marsh area, sand dune area); (nest/prey: mud dauber nest [f]); (orchard: pecan); (plants: bluebonnets, in bush near house, clover, croton, cutleaf evening primrose, emergent vegetation, Indian paintbrush, miscellaneous vegetation, roadside vegetation, vegetation, Aphanostephus sp., Coreopsis sp., Dalea sp., Eleocharis sp., Hedeoma sp., Monarda citriodora, Rudbeckia sp.); (soil/woodland: brush, hackberry matte, live oak, post oak savanna with pasture, post oak woodland, savanna, trees/shrubs, under oak, Juniperus ashei, Quercus buckleyi, Quercus virginiana); (structures: around house, on folded sail of boat, in lab)

Method

Beating/sweeping [m]; boll weevil pheromone trap [mf]; cardboard band [imm.]; D-Vac suction [mf]; fogging [mf]; pitfall trap [mf] (under oak [mf]); ramp trap [mf]; suction trap [m]; sweeping [mf]; tile trap [mf]; yellow pan trap [mf]

Type

North Carolina and Alabama

Etymology

Latin, jumping

Collection

DMNS, MSU, TAMU

Oxyopes scalaris Hentz, 1845

Oxyopes scalarisAgnew et al. 1985: 7; Brady 1964: 484, mf, desc. (figs 87–90, 97–99, 106–107); Brown 1974: 235; Jackman 1997: 103, desc., 166; Vogel 1970b: 16; Woods and Harrel 1976: 43; Young and Edwards 1990: 20

Distribution

Baylor, Brazos, Culberson, Erath, Harris, Jefferson, Llano, Lubbock, Nacogdoches, Travis, Tyler, Walker

Locality

Texas A&M University Rangeland Area

Time of activity

Male (March – June); female (May – August)

Habitat

(crops: rice); (grass: grass); (littoral: near pond); (nest/prey: mud dauber nest [mf]); (plants: miscellaneous vegetation); (soil/woodland: juniper, pine, woods, Juniperus ashei, Ulmus crassifolia)

Method

Beating [mf]; pitfall trap [m] (near pond [m]); sweeping [mf]

Type

North Carolina

Etymology

Latin, of ladder or scales

Collection

JCC, MCZ, MSU, TAMU

Oxyopes tridens Brady, 1964

Oxyopes tridensBrady 1964: 472, mf, desc. (figs 45–46, 53–55, 62–63, 70–71); Broussard and Horner 2006: 254; Jackman 1997: 166; Knutson et al. 2010: 515; Richman et al. 2011a: 47; Vogel 1970b: 16

Distribution

Brewster, Howard, La Salle, Presidio

Locality

Big Bend National Park, Chaparral Wildlife Management Area, Chihuahuan desert, Chisos Mountains, Dalquest Research Site

Time of activity

Female (July – August, September 11-October 10)

Habitat

(soil/woodland: acacia area, saltcedar)

Method

pitfall trap [mf]; yellow pan trap [f]

Type

Nevada, Mercury

Etymology

adjective meaning trident

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Genus Peucetia Thorell, 1869

Peucetia longipalpis F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1902

Peucetia longipalpisBrady 1964: 512, mf, desc. (figs 151–155); Brady and Santos 2005: 191; Jackman 1997: 105, 166; Vogel 1970b: 16

Distribution

Cameron, El Paso, Hidalgo

Locality

Franklin Mountains, Sabal Palm Audubon Sanctuary

Time of activity

Male (April – May, October)

Habitat

(plants: miscellaneous vegetation)

Method

sweeping [m]

Type

Mexico, Guerrero, Amula

Etymology

Latin, long palp

Collection

NMSU, TAMU

Peucetia viridans (Hentz, 1832)

Peucetia viridansAgnew et al. 1982: 631; Agnew et al. 1985: 4; Bonnet 1958: 3492; Brady 1964: 506 [S], mf, desc. (figs 136–148, 158–161); Breene 1988: 23–26, 35, 39–40; Breene et al. 1988: 180–181; Breene et al. 1989: 162; Breene et al. 1993c: 21, 48, 92, mf (figs 121A-C); Brown 1974: 235; Bumroongsook et al. 1992: 17; Calixto et al. 2013: 183; Dean and Eger 1986: 142; Dean and Sterling 1987: 6; Dean et al. 1982: 255; Dean et al. 1987: 268; Dean et al. 1988: 285, 287; Jackman 1997: 104, desc., 166 (photo 29c); Jones 1936: 69; Kagan 1942: 39; Kagan 1943: 258; Killebrew and Ford 1985: 376; Nuessly and Sterling 1984: 97; Nyffeler et al. 1987a: 356–357; Nyffeler et al. 1992a: 1181; Nyffeler et al. 1992b: 1459–1460; Nyffeler et al. 1992c: 2; Pamanes-Guerrero 1975: 16, 34, 37, 42, 60, 63, 78, 81; Rapp 1984: 6; Sterling et al. 1979: 979; Taber and Fleenor 2003: 231; Taylor and Pfannenstiel 2008: 999; Vogel 1970b: 16; Young and Edwards 1990: 20

Peucetia abboti Walckenaer, 1837; Woods and Harrel 1976: 43

Puecetia viridans (Hentz, 1832); Knutson et al. 2010: 515

Distribution

Widespread; Anderson, Aransas, Atascosa, Bastrop, Bexar, Brazoria, Brazos, Brown, Burleson, Cameron, Colorado, Comanche, Cooke, Coryell, Dallas, DeWitt, Erath, Fayette, Frio, Galveston, Gillespie, Hamilton, Hidalgo, Houston, Howard, Jack, Jefferson, Jim Wells, Leon, Limestone, McLennan, Montgomery, Nacogdoches, Polk, Presidio, Rains, Reeves, Robertson, San Patricio, Smith, Sutton, Travis, Val Verde, Victoria, Walker, Webb, Wichita, Willacy, Williamson, Zapata, Zavala

Locality

5-Eagle Ranch, Adriance Pecan Orchard, Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge, Big Bend Ranch State Park, Ellis Prison Unit, Holmes Pecan Orchard, Lick Creek Park, Ramsey Prison Farm, Sabal Palm Audubon Sanctuary, Stiles Farm Foundation

Time of activity

Male (June – October); female (April, June – November)

Habitat

(crops: cotton, peanuts, rice); (grass: grassland, pasture, tall grass and weeds in pastures); (nest/prey: mud dauber nest [mf]); (orchard: pecan); (plants: bluebonnets, croton, Indian paintbrush, miscellaneous vegetation, rose bush, vegetation, Ambrosia sp., Lectuca sp., Monarda citriodora, Veronia sp.); (soil/woodland: forest, open field, pine, prairie, saltcedar, sandy area, Juniperus ashei, Quercus virginiana, Ulmus crassifolia)

Method

cardboard band [imm.]; D-Vac suction [m]; suction trap [m]; sweeping [mf]

Type

North Carolina and Alabama

Etymology

Latin, color, green

Collection

DMNS, MSU, NMSU, TAMU

Family Philodromidae Thorell, 1870

Note. Species incorrectly reported from Texas

Philodromus barrowsi Gertsch, 1934; Dondale 1961: 212 [based on immature female]; Gertsch 1934b: 17; Roewer 1955: 786; Vogel 1970b: 27 [not in Texas]

Tibellus maritimus (Menge, 1875); Woods and Harrel 1976: 44; Young and Edwards 1990: 21 [not in Texas]

nomen dubium

Philodromus abbotii Walckenaer, 1837; Kaston 1953: 102; Kaston 1972: 246.

Genus Apollophanes O. P.-Cambridge, 1898

Apollophanes punctipes (O. P.-Cambridge, 1891)

Apollophanes punctipesAgnew et al. 1985: 8; Calixto et al. 2013: 183; Dondale and Redner 1975c: 1178, mf, desc. (figs 1–2, 4–5, 13, 18–25); Jackman 1997: 166

Distribution

Brewster, Coke, Comanche, Erath, Hidalgo

Locality

Anzalduas County Park, Bentsen-Rio Grande Valley State Park, Big Bend National Park, Bill Haney Pecan Orchard, Chisos Basin, Frontera Audubon, Santa Ana National Wildlife Refuge

Time of activity

Male (April, June – July, September); female (June, September – November)

Habitat

(orchard: grapefruit, orange, pecan, sour orange); (soil/woodland: trees/shrubs, under juniper)

Method

Beating [f]; cardboard band [mf]; pitfall trap [m] (under juniper [m]); suction trap [m]; sweeping

Type

Guatemala

Etymology

Latin, minute black spots

Collection

TAMU

Apollophanes texanus Banks, 1904

Apollophanes texanusBroussard and Horner 2006: 255; Dondale and Redner 1975c: 1181 [spelling], mf, desc. (figs 3, 6, 26–28); Jackman 1997: 166; Kaston 1953: 103 (fig. 253); Kaston 1972: 247 (fig. 562); Kaston 1978: 239 (fig. 609); Petrunkevitch 1911: 402; Richman et al. 2011a: 49; Roewer 1955: 767; Vogel 1970b: 27

Apollophanes texana Banks, 1904; Banks 1904: 113, mf, desc. (figs 12, 20); Banks 1910: 51

Distribution

Central and west Texas; Bexar, Brewster, Culberson, El Paso, Hudspeth, Presidio, Terrell

Locality

Big Bend National Park, Big Bend Ranch State Park, Chihuahuan desert, Dalquest Research Site, Davis Mountains, Guadalupe Mountains

Time of activity

Female (March)

Habitat

(landscape features: under rock)

Method

pitfall trap [m]

Type

Texas (male, female, Bexar Co., San Antonio, syntype, no date, no collector, MCZ)

Etymology

locality (state)

Collection

MCZ, MSU, NMSU

Genus Ebo Keyserling, 1884

Ebo evansae Sauer & Platnick, 1972

Ebo evansaeJackman 1997: 166; Sauer and Platnick 1972: 41, mf, desc. (figs 5–6, 17)

Distribution

Brewster

Locality

Big Bend National Park

Type

Utah, Salt Lake City

Etymology

Person (The species is named in honor of Mrs. Dana Evans, Department of Biology, Concord College, Athens, W. Va., Sauer and Platnick 1972).

Ebo iviei Sauer & Platnick, 1972

Ebo iviei [Sauer and Platnick 1972: 41, mf, desc. (figs 3–4, 16)]

Distribution

Brewster

Type

Utah

Etymology

Person (The species is named in honor of the late Wilton Ivie, who collected the series from Utah and first recognized the species as new, Sauer and Platnick 1972).

Collection

MSU

Ebo latithorax Keyserling, 1884

Ebo latithoraxDondale and Redner 1978b: 33, mf, desc. (figs 78–82); Jackman 1997: 120, 166; Kaston 1978: 235, desc. (fig. 602); Rapp 1984: 8; Sauer and Platnick 1972: 38, mf, desc. (figs 1–2, 15)

Distribution

Galveston, Grayson, Harris

Habitat

(soil/woodland: sandy area)

Method

pitfall trap

Type

Virginia, Richmond

Etymology

Latin, wide thorax

Ebo merkeli Schick, 1965

Ebo merkeliJackman 1997: 166; Sauer and Platnick 1972: 42, mf, desc. (figs 7–8, 18)

Distribution

Val Verde

Type

California, Borrego Valley

Etymology

Person (collector, D. E. Merkel)

Ebo pepinensis Gertsch, 1933

Ebo pepinensisCokendolpher et al. 1979: 724; Cokendolpher et al. 2008: 10, 30; Dondale and Redner 1978b: 34, mf, desc. (figs 83–86); Jackman 1997: 120, 166; Sauer and Platnick 1972: 43, mf, desc. (figs 11–12, 19)

Distribution

Archer, Carson, Collin, Dallam, Lubbock, Navarro, Palo Pinto, Potter, Wichita

Locality

Buffalo Lakes, Pantex Lake

Time of activity

Male (April); female (April)

Habitat

(grass: grass, grassland); (littoral: playa edge)

Method

pitfall trap; sweeping [f]

Type

Minnesota, Lake Pepin, Wacouta Beach

Etymology

locality (Lake Pepin)

Collection

MSU

Ebo punctatus Sauer & Platnick, 1972

Ebo punctatusAgnew et al. 1985: 5, 11; Breene et al. 1993c: 21, 48, 76, mf (figs 71A-B); Calixto et al. 2013: 183; Dean and Sterling 1987: 7; Jackman 1997: 120, 166; Sauer and Platnick 1972: 44, mf, desc. (figs 13–14, 20); Young and Edwards 1990: 20

Distribution

Comanche, Coryell, Dallas, Erath, Grayson, Hale, Knox, McLennan, Martin, Robertson, San Patricio, Travis, Williamson

Locality

Bill Haney Pecan Orchard, Holmes Pecan Orchard, Stiles Farm Foundation

Time of activity

Male (April – October); female (June – August)

Habitat

(crops: cotton, peanuts); (littoral: edge of pond); (orchard: pecan); (soil/woodland: post oak savanna with pasture)

Method

pitfall trap [mf] (edge of pond [m]); suction trap [m]

Type

Oklahoma, Stillwater

Etymology

Latin, dark markings on abdomen

Collection

DMNS, MSU, TAMU

Genus Philodromus Walckenaer, 1826

Philodromus alascensis Keyserling, 1884

Philodromus alascensisAgnew et al. 1985: 8; Cokendolpher et al. 1979: 726; Jackman 1997: 166 [Dondale and Redner 1975b: 379, mf, desc. (figs 30–40)]

Distribution

Baylor, Erath

Time of activity

Male (February); female (July)

Habitat

(soil/woodland: brush)

Method

sweeping

Type

Alaska, Fort Yukon

Etymology

locality (state)

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Philodromus californicus Keyserling, 1884

Philodromus californicus [Dondale and Redner 1976a: 142, mf, desc. (figs 29–34, 68–70)]

Distribution

Presidio

Locality

Big Bend Ranch State Park

Time of activity

Female (March)

Habitat

(soil/woodland: cottonwood)

Method

Beating [f]

Type

California, San Francisco

Etymology

locality (state)

Collection

NMSU

Philodromus cespitum (Walckenaer, 1802)

Philodromus cespitumAgnew et al. 1985: 8; Cokendolpher et al. 1979: 726; Jackman 1997: 166; Knutson et al. 2010: 515 [Dondale and Redner 1976a: 131, mf, desc. (figs 1–2, 38–39)]

Distribution

Archer, Comanche, Howard, Scurry, Wichita

Locality

Lake Thomas, Proctor Lake

Time of activity

Male (May – June, August – September, December); female (May – July, September, November)

Habitat

(crops: Sorghum halepense); (orchard: Prunus persica); (plants: Compositae); (soil/woodland: mesquite, saltcedar, willow, bark of Prosopis grandulosa, Salix nigra)

Method

sweeping [m]

Type

France

Etymology

Latin, tufted

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Philodromus histrio (Latreille, 1819)

Philodromus histrioCokendolpher et al. 1979: 726; Jackman 1997: 166 [Dondale and Redner 1975b: 373, mf, desc. (figs 10–25)]

Distribution

Wichita

Time of activity

Female (March)

Habitat

(plants: Artemesia filifolia)

Type

France

Etymology

Latin, an actor

Collection

MSU

Philodromus imbecillus Keyserling, 1880

Philodromus imbecillusCokendolpher et al. 1979: 726; Dondale and Redner 1968: 7, mf, desc. (figs 1–2, 93–96, 210, 222); Dondale and Redner 1978b: 71, mf, desc. (figs 206–213); Jackman 1997: 166; Vogel 1970b: 27

Distribution

Archer, Baylor, Brown, Clay, Comanche, Harris, Wichita, Young

Locality

Proctor Lake

Time of activity

Male (February, May – June); female (March – June)

Habitat

(grass: Cynodon dactylon); (plants: Thelesperma sp., Vicia sp.); (soil/woodland: mesquite, willow, Prosopis grandulosa); (structures: wall of house)

Type

Georgia

Etymology

Latin, feeble

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Philodromus infuscatus Keyserling, 1880

Philodromus infuscatusJones 1936: 69; Kagan 1942: 45; Kagan 1943: 258; Platnick 1998: 814 [S]; Vogel 1970b: 27; Young and Edwards 1990: 20

Philodromus infuscatus infuscatus Keyserling, 1880; Cokendolpher et al. 1979: 726; Dondale and Redner 1969: 929, mf, desc. (figs 11–12, 48–50, 83); Dondale and Redner 1978b: 60, mf, desc. (figs 159–164); Jackman 1997: 166

Distribution

Archer, Baylor, Coryell, Dallas, Denton, Grayson, Kerr, McLennan, Milam, Nacogdoches, Wichita, Wilbarger

Locality

Lake Kickapoo

Time of activity

Male (September – October); female (October – November)

Habitat

(plants: miscellaneous vegetation); (soil/woodland: mesquite, bark and leaves of Prosopis grandulosa)

Method

Beating [f]; light trap; sweeping [f]

Eggs/spiderlings

Wichita [27–30 eggs] [Cokendolpher et al. 1979: 726]

Type

Maryland, Baltimore

Etymology

Latin, browned

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Philodromus keyserlingi Marx, 1890

Philodromus keyserlingiAgnew et al. 1985: 5; Brown 1974: 238; Calixto et al. 2013: 183, 186–187; Cokendolpher et al. 1979: 727; Dean and Eger 1986: 142; Dean and Sterling 1990: 403, 405; Dondale 1961: 209, mf, desc. (figs 5, 12, 28, 35); Dondale and Redner 1976a: 138, mf (figs 19–21, 55–58); Jackman 1997: 166; Liao et al. 1984: 411; Vogel 1970b: 27; Young and Edwards 1990: 21

Distribution

Widespread; Bandera, Brazos, Brewster, Burleson, Burnet, Comanche, Coryell, Erath, Falls, Jones, Lampasas, Montague, Nacogdoches, Nolan, Robertson, Travis, Walker, Wichita, Young

Locality

Adriance Pecan Orchard, Bill Haney Pecan Orchard, Ellis Prison Unit, Holmes Pecan Orchard, Inks Lake State Park, Lake Buchanan, Lick Creek Park, Lost Maples State Park, Proctor Lake, Texas A&M University Rangeland Area

Time of activity

Male (February 22-March 11, April – June, September – October, December); female (March – July)

Habitat

(crops: peanuts); (nest/prey: mud dauber nest [f]); (objects: on cage outside); (orchard: pecan); (plants: Indian paintbrush, miscellaneous vegetation, roadside vegetation); (soil/woodland: cedar elm, hackberry, juniper, post oak savanna with pasture, tree, trees/shrubs, woods, under bark of Celtis sp., Juniperus ashei, Quercus buckleyi, Quercus virginiana, under bark of Sapindus drummondii, Ulmus crassifolia) ; (structures: indoors, porch)

Method

Beating [mf]; cardboard band [mf]; fogging [mf]; malaise trap [m]; moth pheromone trap [m]; pitfall trap [m]; suction trap [mf]; sweeping [mf]

Eggs/spiderlings

Robertson [eggsac laid May 25, 2001, hatched June 11, 113 eggs unhatched, 31 spiderlings]; [100 eggs, 104 spiderlings] [TAMU]

Type

Washington D. C.

Etymology

Person (arachnologist)

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Philodromus laticeps Keyserling, 1880

Philodromus laticepsDondale and Redner 1976a: 132, mf, desc. (figs 3–4, 40–41); Dondale and Redner 1978b: 48, mf, desc. (figs 106–109); Jackman 1997: 166

Distribution

East Texas

Type

Georgia

Etymology

Latin, side of head

Philodromus lutulentus Gertsch, 1934

Philodromus lutulentus [Dondale and Redner 1976a: 134, mf, desc. (figs 5–6, 42–43)]

Distribution

Archer, Lampasas

Type

Georgia, Atlanta

Etymology

Latin, clay yellow-lens

Collection

MSU

Philodromus marginellus Banks, 1901

Philodromus marginellusAgnew et al. 1985: 8; Calixto et al. 2013: 183; Cokendolpher et al. 1979: 727; Jackman 1997: 166 [Dondale and Redner 1976a: 137, mf, desc. (figs 7–9, 44–46)]

Distribution

Brazos, Comanche, Erath, Robertson, Travis, Wichita

Locality

Bill Haney Pecan Orchard, Holmes Pecan Orchard, Texas A&M University Rangeland Area

Time of activity

Male (April – May); female (April – July)

Habitat

(orchard: pecan); (soil/woodland: juniper, Juniperus ashei, Quercus virginiana, Ulmus crassifolia); (structures: wooden porch near light)

Method

at night; beating [mf]; cardboard band [f]; fogging [f]; pitfall trap [m]; suction trap [m]; sweeping [mf]

Type

Arizona, Santa Rita Mountains

Etymology

Latin, a body margined with brown

Collection

TAMU

Philodromus marxi Keyserling, 1884

Philodromus marxiBanks 1910: 52; Bonnet 1958: 3577; Calixto et al. 2013: 183; Chickering 1940: 225; Dondale and Redner 1968: 12 [spelling], mf, desc. (figs 8–10, 105–107, 205); Dondale and Redner 1978b: 69, mf, desc. (figs 199–205); Jackman 1997: 166; Kaston 1978: 237, desc. (fig. 604); Marx 1890: 559; Petrunkevitch 1911: 420; Rydzak and Killebrew 1982: 7; Vogel 1970b: 27; Yantis 2005: 201

Philodromus marxii Keyserling, 1884; Keyserling 1884: 677

Distribution

Angelina, Brazos, Colorado, Dallas, Hardin, Kenedy, Montague, Robertson, Smith, Trinity, Walker

Locality

Holmes Pecan Orchard, Kenedy Ranch, Riley Estate

Time of activity

Male (April – May); female (May)

Habitat

(nest/prey: mud dauber nest [mf]); (orchard: pecan); (plants: vegetation); (soil/woodland: pine woods [%: 66]); (structures: indoors)

Method

5 gallon bucket trap [m]; malaise trap [m]; pitfall trap [m]

Type

Texas (female, Colorado Co., Columbus, no date, Marx collection, syntype locality unknown; others Wisconsin)

Etymology

Person (collector)

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Philodromus minutus Banks, 1892

Philodromus minutusAgnew et al. 1985: 5; Cokendolpher et al. 1979: 727; Dean and Eger 1986: 142; Dean and Sterling 1990: 403, 405; Dondale and Redner 1968: 54, mf, desc. (figs 78–80, 193–198, 208, 218); Dondale and Redner 1978b: 84, mf, desc. (figs 260–270); Jackman 1997: 166; Kaston 1978: 238, desc. (fig. 608); Rydzak and Killebrew 1982: 7; Vogel 1970b: 27; Young and Edwards 1990: 21

Distribution

Brazos, Comal, Dallas, Denton, Erath, Fannin, Jack, Kerr, Leon, Montague, Smith, Travis, Walker, Wichita

Locality

Ellis Prison Unit, Lick Creek Park

Time of activity

Male (March – April, June, October); female (March – June)

Habitat

(crops: peanuts); (plants: bluebonnets, Indian paintbrush); (soil/woodland: juniper, oak, Quercus buckleyi, Quercus virginiana, Ulmus crassifolia)

Method

Beating [f]; beating/sweeping [f]; boll weevil pheromone trap [m]; suction trap [mf]; sweeping [mf]

Type

New York, Ithaca

Etymology

Latin, size

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Philodromus montanus Bryant, 1933

Philodromus montanusCokendolpher et al. 1979: 727; Jackman 1997: 166 [Dondale and Redner 1968: 51, mf, desc. (figs 73–77, 179–183)]

Distribution

Wichita

Time of activity

Male (March)

Habitat

(grass: grass)

Type

North Carolina, Black Mountain

Etymology

Latin, montain

Collection

MSU

Philodromus placidus Banks, 1892

Philodromus placidusCokendolpher et al. 1979: 727; Dondale and Redner 1968: 32, mf, desc. (figs 34–35, 132–136, 207, 216); Jackman 1997: 166; Kaston 1978: 237, desc. (fig. 605); Rydzak and Killebrew 1982: 7; Vogel 1970b: 27

Distribution

Archer, Burleson, Dallas, Montgomery, Panola, Smith, Stephens, Travis

Locality

Jones State Forest, Shoshone Park

Time of activity

Male (April – May); female (April – May)

Habitat

(crops: cotton, peanuts); (grass: grassland, pasture); (plants: miscellaneous vegetation, Monarda citriodora); (soil/woodland: post oak savanna, shrub under Populus deltoides, Quercus buckleyi, Quercus virginiana, Ulmus crassifolia)

Method

Beating [f]; sweeping [mf]

Type

New York, Ithaca

Etymology

Latin, calm

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Philodromus praelustris Keyserling, 1880

Philodromus praelustrisCokendolpher et al. 1979: 727; Jackman 1997: 166 [Dondale and Redner 1976a: 145, mf, desc. (figs 35–37, 71–73)]

Distribution

Kerr, Wichita

Time of activity

Male (February, April, December); female (April)

Habitat

(plants: vegetation); (soil/woodland: shrub, under bark, wild cherry, under bark of Bumelia lanuginosa); (structures: house)

Type

Colorado

Etymology

Latin, encircling before

Collection

MSU

Philodromus pratariae (Scheffer, 1904)

Philodromus pratariaeAgnew et al. 1985: 5; Breene et al. 1993c: 22, 48, 76, mf (figs 72A–C); Cokendolpher et al. 1979: 728; Cokendolpher et al. 2008: 10, 30 (fig. 11); Dean and Sterling 1987: 7; Dean and Sterling 1990: 403; Dean et al. 1982: 255; Dondale and Redner 1969: 923, mf, desc. (figs 1–2, 37–38, 81); Jackman 1997: 166; Nyffeler et al. 1992c: 2; Rydzak and Killebrew 1982: 7; Young and Edwards 1990: 21

Misumenops pratariae Scheffer, 1904; Rydzak and Killebrew 1982: 7

Distribution

Brazoria, Brazos, Brown, Burleson (imm.), Cameron, Carson, Clay, Colorado, Donley, Erath, Fannin, Grayson, Houston, Kaufman, Lavaca, Llano, Polk, Rains, Smith, Somervell, Travis, Walker, Wichita, Williamson, Wise

Locality

Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge, Brazoria National Wildlife Refuge, Ellis Prison Unit, Lick Creek Park, Pantex Lake, Riley Estate, South Padre Island, Texas A&M University Rangeland Area, Tyler State Park

Time of activity

Male (May, July – October); female (August – October)

Habitat

(crops: cotton, peanuts, sorghum, Sorghum halepense); (grass: grass, grassland, pasture, Panicum virgatum); (littoral: near playa); (plants: miscellaneous vegetation, sage, vegetation, Ambrosia sp., Monarda citriodora); (soil/woodland: post oak savanna, tree)

Method

Beating [m]; D-Vac suction [f]; pitfall trap; suction trap [m]; sweeping [mf]

Type

Kansas, Manhattan

Etymology

Latin, place, prairie

Collection

DMNS, MSU, TAMU

Philodromus rufus quartus Dondale & Redner, 1968

Philodromus rufus quartusCokendolpher et al. 1979: 728; Jackman 1997: 166 [Dondale and Redner 1968: 26, mf, desc. (figs 25–26, 121–122, 213)]

Philodromus rufus Walckenaer, 1826; Rydzak and Killebrew 1982: 7 [Texas record]

Distribution

Smith, Wichita

Time of activity

Male (April)

Habitat

(soil/woodland: ground)

Type

Canada, Ontario, Cochrane

Etymology

undetermined

Collection

MSU

Philodromus undarum Barnes, 1953

Philodromus undarumDondale and Redner 1968: 15, mf, desc. (figs 11–12, 108–110); Jackman 1997: 166; Vogel 1970b: 27

Distribution

Dallas

Type

North Carolina, Beaufort, Carrot Island

Etymology

Latin, wavy lines

Philodromus vulgaris (Hentz, 1847)

Philodromus vulgarisAgnew et al. 1985: 8; Bradley 2013: 175; Calixto et al. 2013: 183; Cokendolpher et al. 1979: 728; Dondale 1961: 205, mf, desc. (figs 16–17, 23, 32, 39); Dondale and Redner 1976a: 140, mf (figs 25–28, 63–67); Dondale and Redner 1978b: 55, mf, desc. (figs 135–143); Jackman 1997: 166; Roberts 2001: 50; Vogel 1970b: 27

Distribution

North-central and central Texas; Brazos, Clay, Dallas, Denton, Erath, Lubbock, Potter, Robertson, Travis, Wichita

Locality

Holmes Pecan Orchard, Wildcat Bluff Nature Center

Time of activity

Male (January – May, November); female (February – June, December)

Habitat

(grass: grass); (nest/prey: bird nest); (orchard: orchard, peach, pecan, under bark of Prunus persica); (plants: paradise); (soil/woodland: ash, chinaberry, elm, hackberry, oak, under bark of [Celtis sp., Fraxinus americana, Salix nigra, Sapindus drummondii, Ulmus crassifolia], Juniperus ashei, Quercus buckleyi, Quercus virginiana); (structures: house, wall of house)

Method

Ballooning; beating [f]; cardboard band [f]; flight intercept trap [m]; light trap; malaise trap [m]; pitfall trap [m]; suction trap [m]; sweeping [mf]

Type

United States

Etymology

Latin, common

Collection

DMNS, JCC, MSU, TAMU

Genus Thanatus C. L. Koch, 1837

Thanatus altimontis Gertsch, 1933

Thanatus altimontisHenderson 2007: 70, 78, 81, 84 [Dondale et al. 1964: 647, mf, desc. (figs 25–27, 43–44)]

Distribution

Brazos

Locality

Lick Creek Park

Time of activity

Male (October 20-November 15, November)

Habitat

(soil/woodland: disturbed habitat)

Method

pitfall trap [m]

Type

Wyoming Cokeville, Smith’s Fork Canyon

Etymology

Latin, high mountain

Collection

TAMU

Thanatus formicinus (Clerck, 1757)

Thanatus formicinusAgnew et al. 1985: 5, 11; Breene et al. 1993c: 22, 48, 77, mf (figs 73A–C); Calixto et al. 2013: 183; Cokendolpher et al. 1979: 729; Cokendolpher et al. 2008: 10, 48; Dean and Eger 1986: 142; Dean et al. 1982: 255; Dondale and Redner 1978b: 113, mf, desc. (figs 62, 69, 364–369); Dondale et al. 1964: 644, mf, desc. (figs 28–30, 35–37); Jackman 1997: 166; Nyffeler et al. 1992c: 2; Rydzak and Killebrew 1982: 7; Vogel 1970b: 27; Young and Edwards 1990: 21

Distribution

Bexar, Brazos, Burleson, Carson, Clay, Colorado, Comal, Comanche, Cooke, Coryell, Culberson, Erath, Hays, Kerr, Palo Pinto, Smith, Walker, Wichita

Locality

Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge, Bill Haney Pecan Orchard, Ellis Prison Unit, Pantex Lake

Time of activity

Male (March 29-April 5, April – August, November – December); female (March – August)

Habitat

(crops: cotton, peanuts); (grass: grass, grassland); (littoral: near playa); (orchard: pecan); (plants: bluebonnets, Indian paintbrush, Monarda citriodora); (soil/woodland: ground, post oak savanna with pasture, sandy area)

Method

pitfall trap [m] (in sand [m]); sweeping [f]

Type

Sweden

Etymology

Latin, relating to ants

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Thanatus rubicellus Mello-Leitão, 1929

Thanatus rubicellusCokendolpher et al. 1979: 729; Dondale et al. 1964: 648 [S], mf, desc. (figs 5–13, 45–54); Jackman 1997: 166; Roberts 2001: 50; Vogel 1970b: 27

Thanatus rubicundus Keyserling, 1880; Marx 1890: 558

Distribution

Brazos, Burleson, Clay, Colorado, Coryell, Lavaca, Potter, Travis, Wichita

Locality

Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge, Texas A&M University Rangeland Area, Wildcat Bluff Nature Center

Time of activity

Male (May – June, October); female (May – July)

Habitat

(plants: miscellaneous vegetation); (soil/woodland: post oak savanna with pasture)

Method

pitfall trap [mf]; sweeping [m]

Type

Georgia

Etymology

Latin, red cell

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Thanatus vulgaris Simon, 1870

Thanatus vulgarisBrown 1974: 238; Dondale et al. 1964: 653, mf, desc. (figs 3–4, 41–42); Jackman 1997: 166

Distribution

Culberson, Dallas, Denton, Presidio, Shelby

Time of activity

Female (March, May)

Habitat

(landscape features: under rock); (structures: warehouse)

Type

Spain and Italy

Etymology

Latin, common

Collection

MSU

Genus Tibellus Simon, 1875

Tibellus duttoni (Hentz, 1847)

Tibellus duttoniAgnew et al. 1985: 5, 11; Breene 1988: 35–36; Breene et al. 1989: 163; Breene et al. 1993b: 648; Breene et al. 1993c: 22, 48, 77, mf (figs 74A-B); Chickering 1940: 233; Cokendolpher et al. 1979: 729; Cokendolpher et al. 2008: 10, 48 (photo 30); Dean and Eger 1986: 142; Dean et al. 1982: 255; Dean et al. 1988: 287; Gertsch 1933a: 11, mf, desc. (figs 4–6); Irungu 2007: 31; Jackman 1997: 121, desc., 166 (photo 39c); Jones 1936: 69; Kaston 1953: 104, desc.; Kaston 1972: 248, desc.; Kaston 1978: 240, desc.; Nyffeler et al. 1992c: 2; Pamanes-Guerrero 1975: 17, 34, 38, 42, 60, 81; Rapp 1984: 8; Roberts 2001: 50; Tugmon et al. 1990: 44; Vogel 1970b: 27; Young and Edwards 1990: 21

Distribution

Archer, Atascosa, Bastrop, Bell, Bexar, Brazoria, Brazos, Brown, Burleson, Burnet, Cameron, Camp, Carson, Clay, Coleman, Collin, Colorado, Coryell, Dallas, Denton, DeWitt, Erath, Falls, Fayette, Galveston, Glasscock, Hays, Hidalgo, Hill, Houston, Hunt, Jim Wells, Kendall, Kerr, Knox, Lampasas, Lavaca, Leon, Llano, Lynn, McMullen, Potter, Rains, Robertson, Runnels, San Patricio, San Saba, Somervell, Starr, Sterling, Titus, Travis, Val Verde, Victoria, Walker, Wichita, Willacy, Williamson, Zapata

Locality

Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge, Ellis Prison Unit, Falcon State Park, Inks Lake State Park, Padre Island, Pantex Lake, Ramsey Prison Farm, Seminole Canyon State Park, South Padre Island, Stiles Farm Foundation, Texas A&M University Rangeland Area, Wildcat Bluff Nature Center

Time of activity

Male (January – October, December); female (January – December)

Habitat

(crops: cabbage, cotton, peanuts, sugarcane); (grass: grass, grasses, grassland, pasture, Hordeum pusillum); (littoral: dune, edge of pond, grass in sand dunes, playa); (nest/prey: mud dauber nest [f]); (plants: bluebonnets, Indian paintbrush, miscellaneous vegetation, roadside vegetation, Aphanostephus sp., Cassia sp., Monarda citriodora, Rudbeckia sp., Thelesperma sp., Vicia sp.); (soil/woodland: juniper, open field, under oak, post oak savanna with pasture, sedge, Juniperus ashei, Prosopis grandulosa, Ulmus crassifolia)

Method

Beating [m]; D-Vac suction [mf]; pitfall trap [mf] (edge of pond [m], under oak [f]); sweeping [mf]

Type

Georgia

Etymology

Person (discoverer)

Collection

DMNS, MSU, TAMU

Tibellus oblongus (Walckenaer, 1802)

Tibellus oblongusJackman 1997: 166; Rapp 1984: 8; Rogers and Horner 1977: 523; Rydzak and Killebrew 1982: 7; Woods and Harrel 1976: 44; Young and Edwards 1990: 21 [Dondale and Redner 1978b: 99, mf, desc. (figs 63, 73, 328–332)]

Distribution

South Texas; Archer, Baylor, Brewster, Brown, El Paso, Galveston, Jefferson, Montague, Smith, Wichita, Young

Locality

Ascarate Lake

Time of activity

Male (July); female (July)

Habitat

(crops: guar, rice); (grass: grasses and marsh like vegetation, grassy and shrub area); (littoral: salt marsh area); (soil/woodland: sandy area)

Method

pitfall trap; sweeping [mf]

Type

unknown

Etymology

Latin, shape of abdomen

Collection

DMNS, MSU

Genus Titanebo Gertsch, 1933

Titanebo albocaudatus (Schick, 1965)

Titanebo albocaudatusMuster 2009: 54 [T], m (fig. 3)

Ebo albocaudatus Schick, 1965; Agnew et al. 1985: 5; Cokendolpher et al. 1979: 724; Jackman 1997: 166; Knutson et al. 2010: 515; Sauer and Platnick 1972: 52, mf, desc. (figs 24, 27); Young and Edwards 1990: 20

Distribution

Andrews, Coryell, Erath, Howard, Kimble, Llano, Martin, Maverick, Taylor, Val Verde, Webb, Wichita

Time of activity

Male (May – August); female (July – October)

Habitat

(crops: cotton, peanuts); (grass: grass); (plants: miscellaneous vegetation, sage, Ambrosia sp., Liatris mucronata, Prionopsis ciliata, Thelesperma sp.); (soil/woodland: post oak savanna with pasture, saltcedar)

Method

pitfall trap [mf]; sweeping [f]

Type

California, Victorville

Etymology

Latin, white area on dorsum of abdomen

Collection

MSU, NMSU, TAMU

Titanebo mexicanus (Banks, 1898)

Titanebo mexicanusMuster 2009: 54 [T]

Ebo mexicanus Banks, 1898; Jackman 1997: 120, 166; Kaston 1978: 236, desc.; Sauer and Platnick 1972: 50, mf, desc. (figs 31, 33)

Distribution

Western 2/3 Texas; Archer, Armstrong, Baylor, Brewster, Dallas, Hidalgo, Hudspeth, Tom Green, Val Verde, Winkler, Zapata

Locality

Big Bend National Park, Palo Duro Canyon State Park

Time of activity

Male (April)

Type

Mexico, Hermosillo

Etymology

locality (country)

Collection

DMNS

Titanebo parabolis (Schick, 1965)

Titanebo parabolisMuster 2009: 54 [T]

Ebo parabolis Schick, 1965; Broussard and Horner 2006: 255 [Sauer and Platnick 1972: 56, mf, desc. (figs 37, 40)]

Distribution

Brewster, Presidio

Locality

Chihuahuan desert, Dalquest Research Site

Method

pitfall trap [mf]

Type

California, Eagle Lake

Etymology

Latin, shape (parabolic)

Collection

MSU

Titanebo redneri (Cokendolpher, 1978)

Titanebo redneriCalixto et al. 2013: 184; Muster 2009: 54 [T]

Ebo redneri Cokendolpher, 1978; Cokendolpher 1978a: 227, mf, desc. (figs 1–2); Cokendolpher et al. 1979: 725; Jackman 1997: 166

Distribution

Archer, Comanche, Wichita

Locality

Bill Haney Pecan Orchard, Lake Wichita

Time of activity

Male (March, September – November); female (February, September – December)

Habitat

(orchard: pecan); (soil/woodland: mesquite, Prosopis grandulosa, Prosopis juliflora)

Method

cardboard band [m]

Eggs/spiderlings

Archer or Wichita [13 eggs, 9 spiderlings] [Cokendolpher et al. 1979: 725]

Type

Texas (male, Wichita Co., Wichita Falls, November 18, 1976, J. C. Cokendolpher, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Person (This species is named in honor of J. H. Redner of the Biosystematics Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada, in recognition of his work on the Philodromidae and his assistance in the determinations of crab spiders from Wichita County, Texas, Cokendolpher 1978a).

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Titanebo texanus Gertsch, 1933

Titanebo texanusBonnet 1959: 4626; Gertsch 1933b: 13, m, desc. (fig. 10); Muster 2009: 54 [T]; Roewer 1955: 802; Vogel 1970b: 28

Ebo texanus (Gertsch, 1933); Jackman 1997: 166; Sauer and Platnick 1972: 55, mf, desc. (figs 32, 34)

Distribution

Brooks, Maverick, Presidio, Travis

Time of activity

Male (March – April, September); female (April)

Habitat

(plants: Baccharis); (soil/woodland: saltcedar)

Type

Texas (male, Travis Co., Austin, no date, no collector, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

locality (state)

Collection

TAMU

Family Pholcidae C. L. Koch, 1850

Note. Species incorrectly reported from Texas

Metagonia caudata O. P.-Cambridge, 1895; Gertsch 1977: 105, mf, desc. (figs 1–4, 7–8, 19–20); Gertsch 1986: 41, f (figs 1–2); Jackman 1997: 166

Remarks. One record from Hidalgo Co. in Mexican banana bunch (April, 1, 1936)

Type. Mexico, Tabasco, Teapa

Note. Not listed here because it is not established.

Genus Chisosa Huber, 2000

Chisosa diluta (Gertsch & Mulaik, 1940)

Chisosa dilutaHuber 2000: 125 [T], mf, desc. (figs 151, 478–489); Huber 2005: 195

Pholcophora diluta Gertsch and Mulaik, 1940; Gertsch 1982: 100, mf, desc. (figs 19–21, 28–30); Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 320, f, desc. (figs 27–28); Jackman 1997: 166; Vogel 1967: 112; Vogel 1970b: 16

Distribution

Brewster

Locality

Big Bend National Park

Time of activity

Male (August); female (June, August)

Type

Texas (female, Brewster Co., Hot Springs, June 7–10, 1938, D. and S. Mulaik, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Latin, tiny, diluo, dilute

Genus Crossopriza Simon, 1893

Crossopriza lyoni (Blackwall, 1867)

Crossopriza lyoniEdwards 1993: 1; Huber et al. 1999: 2 [S], mf, desc. (figs 1–12); Roth 1994: 145

Crossopriza stridulans Millot, 1946; Jackman 1997: 166; MacKay and Vinson 1989: 232; Roth 1985: B-33–1

Distribution

Brazos, Hidalgo, McLennan, Wichita

Time of activity

Male (May, July – August, October – November); female (January, May, July – October)

Habitat

(structures: on house eave, in warehouse, quonset hut)

Type

India

Etymology

Person (collector, Captain Francis Lyon)

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Genus Micropholcus Deeleman-Reinhold & Prinsen, 1987

Micropholcus fauroti (Simon, 1887)

Micropholcus faurotiDeeleman-Reinhold and Prinsen 1987: 73 [S, T], mf, desc. (figs 1–9); Huber 2000: 8; Huber 2003: 611; Huber 2011: 26, mf, desc. (figs 1, 30, 31, 48, 49, 83–101); Jackman 1997: 166; Roth 1994: 146

Pholcus fauroti Simon, 1887; Roth 1985: B-33–1

Pholcus unicolor Petrunkevitch, 1929; Gertsch 1937: 1; Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 319; Roth 1982: 37–2; Vogel 1970b: 16

Distribution

Cameron, Hidalgo

Time of activity

Male (January – February, September); female (February – March)

Habitat

(structures: high school building)

Type

Gulf of Aden

Etymology

Person

Genus Modisimus Simon, 1893

Modisimus texanus Banks, 1906

Modisimus texanusBanks 1906: 94, f, desc.; Banks 1910: 7; Bonnet 1957: 2970; Cokendolpher and Reddell 2001b: 53; Comstock 1912: 327; Comstock 1940: 341, desc.; Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 321; Huber 1998: 58, mf, desc. (figs 182–191); Jackman 1997: 166; Petrunkevitch 1911: 160; Reddell and Cokendolpher 2004: 91; Roewer 1942: 338; Roth 1994: 145; Vogel 1970b: 16

Distribution

Bandera, Bell, Bexar, Cameron, Comal, Hays, Hidalgo, Kendall, Llano, Mason, Nueces, Robertson, San Saba, Starr, Travis, Uvalde, Webb, Zapata

Locality

Fort Hood, Lower Rio Grande Valley National Wildlife Refuge, Sabal Palm Audubon Sanctuary

Caves

Bell ([all Fort Hood] Sledgehammer Cave, Viper Den Cave); Bexar (Boneyard Pit, Bullis Hole, Linda’s First Cave, NBC Cave, Niche Cave, Obvious Little Cave, Poison Ivy Pit, Record Fire 1 Cave, World Newt Cave, Wurzbach Bat Cave); Comal (Bender’s Cave, Brehmmer Cave, Just Now Cave, Klar’s Cave); Hays (Donaldson Cave); Kendall (Pfeiffer’s Water Cave); Llano (Enchanted Rock Cave); San Saba (Cobweb Fissure); Travis (Deer Stand Cave, Dobie Shelter, New Comanche Trail Cave, Rockpile Cave); Uvalde (Moss Pit Cave)

Time of activity

Male (January – July, September – November); female (January – September, November – December)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave); (soil/woodland: ebony-guayacan association, palm forest)

Method

Flight intercept trap on ground [m]

Type

Texas (female, Travis Co., Austin, March, J. H. Comstock, holotype)

Etymology

locality (state)

Collection

DMNS, TAMU, TMM

Genus Pholcophora Banks, 1896

Pholcophora texana Gertsch, 1935

Pholcophora texanaGertsch 1935a: 11, m, desc. (figs 22–24); Gertsch 1982: 100, mf, desc. (figs 16–18, 25–27); Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 319 [see note below]; Huber 2000: 117, mf, desc. (figs 443–447); Huber 2005: 195; Jackman 1997: 166; Roewer 1942: 338; Vogel 1970b: 16

Distribution

Hidalgo, Starr

Time of activity

Male (November); female (January, November)

Habitat

(structures: brick yard)

Type

Texas (male, Starr Co., 0.5 mile E Rio Grande City, November 11, 1934, S. Mulaik, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

locality (state)

Note

5 miles E Rio Grande City (Huber 2000) is 0.5 mile.

Genus Pholcus Walckenaer, 1805

Pholcus phalangioides (Fuesslin, 1775)

Pholcus phalangioidesGertsch and Mulaik 1940: 319; Jackman 1997: 38, desc., 166 [Huber 2011: 375, mf, desc. (figs 1760–1762, 1790–1791, 1819–1822)]

Pholcophora phalangioides (Fuesslin, 1775); Vogel 1970b: 16

Distribution

Travis, Wichita

Time of activity

Female (October)

Type

Switzerland

Etymology

Latin, daddy-long-legs like

Collection

MSU

Genus Physocyclus Simon, 1893

Physocyclus enaulus Crosby, 1926

Physocyclus enaulusBarr and Reddell 1967: 259; Cokendolpher 1989: 475; Gertsch 1935a: 11; Gertsch 1939b: 24; Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 320; Jackman 1997: 166; Reddell 1965: 175; Reddell 1970: 407; Reddell and Fieseler 1977: 95; Reddell and Smith 1965: 62; Valdez-Mondragón 2010: 21, mf, desc. (figs 29–41); Valdez-Mondragón 2013: 192; Vogel 1970b: 16

Physocyclus globosus Taczanowski, 1874; Jackman 1997: 166; Jones 1936: 69; Vogel 1970b: 16 [Texas records, misidentified]

Distribution

Anderson, Andrews, Archer, Atascosa, Bandera, Brewster, Brown, Cass, Clay, Coryell, Cottle, Crockett, Culberson, Dallas, Edwards, El Paso, Goliad, Hidalgo, Hudspeth, Kaufman, Kinney, Live Oak, Llano, Montague, Pecos, Presidio, Real, Schleicher, Starr, Sutton, Terrell, Trinity, Uvalde, Val Verde, Victoria, Webb, Wichita, Zapata

Locality

Big Bend National Park, Big Bend Ranch State Park, Chisos Basin, Chisos Mountains

Caves

Bandera (Tucker’s Fissure Cave); Brewster (Javelina Hole, Lichnovsky’s Cave, O.T.L. Cave); Crockett (Ketchum Cave); Culberson (Dillahunty Swallow Cave, Grass Cave, Grassy Grotto, Harvestman Fissure, Spare Tires Cave, Windy Cave); Edwards (Punkin Cave, Wheat Cave No. 1); El Paso (Helm’s West Well); Kinney (Cot Cave); Llano (Double Door Cave); Pecos (Amazing Maze Cave); Presidio (John’s Guano Mine); Real (Turkey Pens Cave); Schleicher (Fartz Cave); Sutton (Alma’s Cave, Silky Cave, Word Cave); Terrell (Sorcerer’s Cave); Uvalde (Tampke Ranch Cave); Val Verde (Comstock Railroad Tunnel, Litter Barrel Cave, Plecotus Cave)

Time of activity

Male (January – December); female (January – December)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave, cave corner, under rock); (nest/prey: in animal burrow); (structures: in restroom near floor)

Type

New Mexico

Etymology

Greek, dwelling in dens

Collection

DMNS, MSU, NMSU, TAMU, TMM

Physocyclus hoogstraali Gertsch & Davis, 1942

Physocyclus hoogstraaliJackman 1997: 166; Reddell 1970: 407; Valdez-Mondragón 2010: 30, mf, desc. (figs 56–62); Vogel 1970b: 16

Distribution

Val Verde

Time of activity

Male (April)

Habitat

(landscape features: Cave near Pandale Crossing)

Type

Mexico, Nuevo Leon, Sabinas Hidalgo, Bat Cave

Etymology

Person (collector, H. Hoogstraal)

Collection

TMM

Physocyclus tanneri Chamberlin, 1921

Physocyclus tanneriValdez-Mondragón 2010: 45, mf, desc, (Figs 105–111)

Distribution

Travis

Time of activity

Female (February)

Type

Utah, St. George

Etymology

Person (V. L. Tanner)

Genus Psilochorus Simon, 1893

Psilochorus concolor Slowik, 2009

Psilochorus concolorSlowik 2009: 16, mf, desc. (figs 56–66, 190)

Distribution

Brewster

Locality

Big Bend National Park, Chisos Basin, Chisos Mountains

Time of activity

Male (March, August); female (March, August)

Type

Texas (male, Brewster Co., Big Bend National Park, Chisos Mountains, Cat Tail Canyon, March 20, 1977, Roth-Schroepfer, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Latin, lack of typical coloration found in this species

Psilochorus imitatus Gertsch & Mulaik, 1940

Psilochorus imitatusGertsch and Mulaik 1940: 321, mf, desc. (fig. 17); Jackman 1997: 166; Schoenly 1983: 793; Slowik 2009: 22, mf, desc. (figs 2–4, 82–91); Vogel 1967: 112; Vogel 1970b: 16

Distribution

Bailey, Blanco, Brewster, Brown, Culberson, Dallam, El Paso, Hemphill, Jack, Knox, Lipscomb, Lubbock, McCulloch, Oldham, Panola, Stephens, Terrell, Tom Green, Val Verde, Wichita, Wilbarger, Winkler

Caves

Val Verde (Emerald Sink)

Time of activity

Male (May – August, December); female (February – July, October, December)

Habitat

(grass: short grass); (landscape features: cave); (soil/woodland: mesquite in mesquite dunes)

Type

Texas (male, Terrell Co., Sanderson, July 4, 1934, S. Mulaik, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Latin, similar to other species

Collection

DMNS, MCZ, MSU, NMSU, TMM

Psilochorus pallidulus Gertsch, 1935

Psilochorus pallidulusBonnet 1958: 3823; Gertsch 1935a: 13, m, desc. (figs 28–30); Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 321; Jackman 1997: 166; Roewer 1942: 351; Slowik 2009: 31 [S], mf, desc. (figs 99–107)

Psilochorus pallidus Gertsch, 1935; Vogel 1970b: 16

Psilochorus coahuilanus Gertsch and Davis, 1937; Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 323; Jackman 1997: 166; Vogel 1970b: 16

Distribution

Archer, Brewster, Clay, Hidalgo

Locality

Big Bend National Park, Chisos Basin, Chisos Mountains

Time of activity

Male (June, August – October, December); female (June, August – September, December)

Type

Texas (male, Hidalgo Co., Edinburg, September-December, 1933, S. Mulaik, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Latin, small and pallid

Collection

MSU

Psilochorus pullulus (Hentz, 1850)

Psilochorus pullulusGertsch 1935a: 14; Jackman 1997: 166; Jones 1936: 69; Kaston 1972: 96, desc. (fig. 217); Kaston 1978: 97, desc. (fig. 235); Slowik 2009: 33, mf, desc. (figs 118–127); Vogel 1970b: 16 [Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 322 (records from West Texas probably redemptus, imitatus and utahensis)]

Distribution

South Texas; Cameron, Dallas, Travis

Time of activity

Male (August – September, November); female (June, October – November)

Type

Alabama

Etymology

Latin, blackish

Collection

DMNS

Psilochorus redemptus Gertsch & Mulaik, 1940

Psilochorus redemptusAgnew et al. 1985: 3, 5; Calixto et al. 2013: 184; Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 322, mf, desc.; Jackman 1997: 166; Slowik 2009: 35, mf, desc. (figs 128–137); Vogel 1967: 113; Vogel 1970b: 16; Young and Edwards 1990: 21

Distribution

Bastrop, Bexar, Brazos, Brewster, Cameron, Comanche, Coryell, Erath, Hidalgo, Jasper, Jeff Davis, Kleberg, Llano, Panola, San Augustine, San Patricio, Starr, Travis, Val Verde, Webb, Zapata

Locality

Bill Haney Pecan Orchard, Chisos Mountains, Green Island Bird Refuge, McDonald Observatory, Welder Wildlife Refuge

Time of activity

Male (January – February, April – December); female (January – December)

Habitat

(crops: peanuts); (objects: under rock); (orchard: pecan); (soil/woodland: juniper, under juniper)

Method

pitfall trap [mf] (under juniper [m])

Type

Texas (male, Hidalgo Co., Edinburg, November 7, 1934, S. Mulaik, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Latin, redeemed

Collection

DMNS, TAMU

Psilochorus texanus Slowik, 2009

Psilochorus texanusSlowik 2009: 41, mf, desc. (figs 158–166, 190)

Distribution

Hidalgo, Kenedy

Time of activity

Male (July); female (July, November)

Type

Texas (male, Kenedy Co., Padre Island, seashore park, July 19, 1966, J. & W. Ivie, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

locality (The specific epithet refers to the state of the type locality, Slowik 2009).

Psilochorus utahensis Chamberlin, 1919

Psilochorus utahensisJackman 1997: 166; Schoenly and Reid 1983: 256; Slowik 2009: 44, mf, desc. (figs 176–186)

Distribution

Blanco, Coleman, Coryell, El Paso, Hidalgo

Locality

Chihuahuan desert, Horne Ranch

Time of activity

Male (April – September); female (April, June – September)

Habitat

(grass: grass); (soil/woodland: post oak savanna with pasture)

Method

D-Vac suction [f]; pitfall trap [mf]

Type

Utah, Clear Lake

Etymology

locality (state)

Collection

TAMU

Genus Smeringopus Simon, 1890

Smeringopus pallidus (Blackwall, 1858)

Smeringopus pallidusEdwards 1993: 1; Jackman 1997: 166; Roth 1994: 146 [Kraus 1957: 219 [S], mf, desc. in German (figs 1–6)]

Smeringopus elongatus (Vinson, 1863); Brown 1974: 235; Gertsch 1979: 150; Roth 1982: 37–1; Roth 1985: B-33–1

Distribution

Shelby

Habitat

(structures: warehouse)

Type

Brazil

Etymology

Latin, pale (pallid)

Genus Spermophora Hentz, 1841

Spermophora senoculata (Dugès, 1836)

Spermophora senoculataJackman 1997: 166; Platnick 1993: 130 [S]

Spermophora meridionalis Hentz, 1841; Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 319; Jones 1936: 69; Vogel 1970b: 16 [Petrunkevitch 1910: 208, m (pl. 21, fig. 5)]

Distribution

Blanco, Brazos, Cooke, Dallas, Harris, Travis

Locality

Bamburger Ranch Chiroptorium

Time of activity

Male (June, August); female (August, December)

Habitat

(structures: on ceilings in home at night, sticky trap in garage)

Method

sticky trap [f]

Type

unknown

Etymology

Latin, six eyes

Collection

MCZ, MSU, TAMU, UNM

Family Phrurolithidae Banks, 1892

Note. raised to family (Ramirez 2014: 342)

Genus Phrurolithus C. L. Koch, 1839

Note. transferred from Liocranidae to Corinnidae (Bosselaers and Jocqué 2002: 265) and here (Ramírez 2014: 343)

Phrurolithus apertus Gertsch, 1935

Phrurolithus apertusBonnet 1958: 3633; Gertsch 1935b: 1, mf, desc. (figs 1–3); Roewer 1955: 574 [T]; Vogel 1970b: 6

Phrurotimpus apertus (Gertsch, 1935); Jackman 1997: 165

Distribution

Cameron

Time of activity

Male (November); female (November)

Type

Texas (female, Cameron Co., 15 miles SW Harlingen, November 17, 1934, S. Mulaik, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Latin, aperture of epigynum

Phrurolithus callidus Gertsch, 1935

Phrurolithus callidusBonnet 1958: 3633; Gertsch 1935b: 5, f, desc. (fig. 9); Roewer 1955: 575 [T]; Vogel 1970b: 6

Phrurotimpus callidus (Gertsch, 1935); Jackman 1997: 165

Distribution

Cameron, Hidalgo

Time of activity

Female (October – November)

Type

Texas (female, Hidalgo Co., 10 miles SE Edinburg, October 20, 1934, S. Mulaik, holotype, AMNH)

[male unknown]

Etymology

Latin, cunning

Phrurolithus emertoni Gertsch, 1935

Phrurolithus emertoniHenderson 2007: 60, 64, 76, 79, 82 [Gertsch 1935b: 9, f, desc. (fig. 20)]

Phrurotimpus emertoni (Gertsch, 1935); Agnew et al. 1985: 8; Jackman 1997: 165

Distribution

Brazos, Erath

Locality

Lick Creek Park

Time of activity

Female (May 27-June 15, June, June 30-July 15)

Habitat

(soil/woodland: disturbed habitat, leaf litter)

Method

pitfall trap [f]

Type

Georgia, Atlanta

[male unknown]

Etymology

Person (collector, J. H. Emerton)

Collection

TAMU

Phrurolithus leviculus Gertsch, 1936

Phrurolithus leviculusBonnet 1958: 3637; Gertsch 1936: 18, mf, desc. (figs 17–18); Roewer 1955: 576 [T]; Vogel 1970b: 6

Phrurotimpus leviculus (Gertsch, 1936); Jackman 1997: 165

Distribution

Hidalgo

Time of activity

Male (June); female (June, September)

Type

Texas (male, Hidalgo Co., Edinburg, June 2, 1935, S. Mulaik, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Latin, small, smooth

Genus Phruronellus Chamberlin, 1921

Note. transferred from Liocranidae to Corinnidae (Bosselaers and Jocqué 2002: 265) and here (Ramírez 2014: 343)

Phruronellus formica (Banks, 1895)

Phruronellus formicaChamberlin 1921: 69 [T]

Phrurolithus formica Banks, 1895; Jackman 1997: 165 [Kaston 1948: 391, mf, desc. (figs 1391–1393)]

Scotinella formica (Banks, 1895); Agnew et al. 1985: 8

Distribution

Archer, Brazos, Brown, Erath, Wichita

Locality

Texas A&M University Rangeland Area

Time of activity

Male (September); female (March, December)

Habitat

(soil/woodland: forest litter, under bark)

Method

Berlese funnel [f]

Type

New York

Etymology

Latin, refers to ants

Collection

TAMU

Genus Phrurotimpus Chamberlin & Ivie, 1935

Note. transferred from Liocranidae to Corinnidae (Bosselaers and Jocqué 2002: 265) and here (Ramírez 2014: 343)

Phrurotimpus alarius (Hentz, 1847)

Phrurotimpus alariusAgnew et al. 1985: 8; Bonnet 1958: 3642; Henderson 2007: 34, 52–53, 55, 58, 64, 74, 76, 79, 82; Jackman 1997: 165; Kaston 1945: 5; Trevino 2014: 11; Vogel 1970b: 6 [Dondale and Redner 1982: 132, mf, desc. (figs 240–242)]

Distribution

Anderson, Angelina, Bandera, Brazos, Burleson, Coryell, Erath, Gonzales, Houston, Robertson, Sabine, Smith, Travis, Tyler, Walker, Webb, Wichita

Locality

Big Slough Wild Area, Holmes Pecan Orchard, Huntsville State Park, Lick Creek Park, Lost Maples State Park, Palmetto State Park, Tyler State Park

Time of activity

Male (March – May, May 30-June 6, June 30-July 15, July 25-August 1, December); female (January, March – July)

Habitat

(littoral: edge of pond); (soil/woodland: bottomland forest, celtis litter, leaf litter, in leaves, loblolly pine unmanaged, post oak savanna with pasture, post oak woodland, under oak tree, upland woods, woods)

Method

Berlese funnel [f]; pitfall trap [mf] (under oak [f], edge of pond [m], in leaves [mf]); tile trap [f]

Type

Alabama

Etymology

Latin, wing

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Phrurotimpus alarius tejanus (Chamberlin & Gertsch, 1930)

Phrurotimpus alarius tejanus [Chamberlin and Ivie 1935b: 34 [S], m (fig. 120)]

Phrurolithus tejanus Chamberlin and Gertsch, 1930; Chamberlin and Gertsch 1930: 142, m, desc. (fig. 26)

Distribution

Travis

Type

Texas (male, Travis Co., Austin, no date, R. V. Chamberlin, holotype)

[female unknown]

Etymology

locality (state)

Phrurotimpus borealis (Emerton, 1911)

Phrurotimpus borealisAgnew et al. 1985: 4; Calixto et al. 2013: 181; Jackman 1997: 165; Trevino 2014: 11; Yantis 2005: 198, 201; Young and Edwards 1990: 16 [Dondale and Redner 1982: 133, mf, desc. (figs 243–248)]

Distribution

Anderson, Bexar, Burleson, Comanche, Coryell, Dallas, Erath, Hidalgo, Houston, Webb, Wichita

Locality

Bill Haney Pecan Orchard

Time of activity

Male (April, May 30 – June 6, June); female (April 26 – May 2, May – June, August, December, December 17 – January 8)

Habitat

(crops: peanuts); (grass: grass); (orchard: pecan); (soil/woodland: leaf litter, pine woods [%: 73, 100], post oak savanna with pasture, woods)

Method

5 gallon bucket trap [mf]; pitfall trap [mf] (in dead leaves [f])

Type

United States

Etymology

Latin, northern

Collection

MCZ, MSU, TAMU

Phrurotimpus certus Gertsch, 1941

Phrurotimpus certusBroussard and Horner 2006: 253; Henderson 2007: 65, 76, 79, 82; Richman et al. 2011a: 48 [Dondale and Redner 1982: 137, mf, desc. (figs 254–256)]

Distribution

Archer, Brazos, Brewster, Burleson, Clay, Colorado, Coryell, Erath, Presidio, Robertson

Locality

Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge, Chihuahuan desert, Dalquest Research Site, Holmes Pecan Orchard, Lick Creek Park, Somerville Lake

Time of activity

Male (March 30-April 6, April – August); female (March 29-April 5, April – September, September 28-October 4)

Habitat

(crops: peanuts); (orchard: pecan); (soil/woodland: post oak savanna with pasture, upland woods)

Method

pitfall trap [mf]; ramp trap [m]

Type

Virginia, 5 miles E Luray

Etymology

Latin, certain

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Genus Scotinella Banks, 1911

Note. transferred from Liocranidae to Corinnidae (Bosselaers and Jocqué 2002: 265) and here (Ramírez 2014: 343)

Scotinella fratrella (Gertsch, 1935)

Scotinella fratrellaCalixto et al. 2013: 181; Dondale and Redner 1982: 153 [T], mf, desc. (figs 285–288)

Phrurolithus fratrellus Gertsch, 1935; Bonnet 1958: 3637; Gertsch 1935b: 6, f, desc. (fig. 21); Roewer 1955: 575; Vogel 1970b: 6 [Penniman 1978: 127, mf, desc. (figs 1–4, 9–12, 15–16)]

Scotinella fratrellus (Gertsch, 1935); Jackman 1997: 165

Distribution

Bell, Burleson, Coryell, Houston, Robertson, Walker

Locality

Ellis Prison Unit, Holmes Pecan Orchard

Time of activity

Male (April – October); female (April – November)

Habitat

(crops: cotton); (grass: pasture); (orchard: pecan); (soil/woodland: post oak savanna with pasture, woods)

Method

cardboard band [f]; pitfall trap [mf]; ramp trap [m]

Type

Texas (female, Bell Co., Belton, September 1, 1933, W. Ivie, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Latin, small brother

Collection

TAMU

Scotinella pugnata (Emerton, 1890)

Scotinella pugnataBroussard and Horner 2006: 253; Richman et al. 2011a: 48 [Dondale and Redner 1982: 147, mf, desc. (figs 12, 258–265)]

Distribution

Brewster, Presidio

Locality

Chihuahuan desert, Dalquest Research Site

Method

pitfall trap [m]

Type

Massachusetts and Connecticut

Etymology

Latin, fighting, fist

Collection

MSU

Family Pisauridae Simon, 1890

Note. Species incorrectly reported from Texas

Pisaurina undulata (Keyserling, 1887) [not in Texas]

Pelopatis undulata (Keyserling, 1887); Comstock 1940: 624

Pelopatis indulata (Keyserling, 1887); Vogel 1970b: 17

Genus Dolomedes Latreille, 1804

Dolomedes albineus Hentz, 1845

Dolomedes albineusAgnew et al. 1985: 7; Bradley 2013: 180; Carico 1970: 66; Carico 1973: 462 [S], mf, desc. (figs 5–7, 27, 42, 57–58); Jackman 1997: 167; Yantis 2005: 196, 200

Teippus pinicola (Hentz, 1850); Roewer 1955: 140

Distribution

North-central, central and southeast Texas; Anderson, Austin, Brazos, Burleson, Comal, Comanche, Dallas, Houston, Leon, Navarro, Robertson, Tarrant

Locality

Benbrook-Grissom Ranch, Holmes Pecan Orchard, Lick Creek Park

Time of activity

Male (May – July); female (June – August)

Habitat

(littoral: near lake); (orchard: pecan); (soil/woodland: pine woods [%: 80, 100]); (structures: ground next to house, on [porch outside house, wall], side of house)

Method

5 gallon bucket trap [m]; uv light [imm.]

Type

Alabama

Etymology

Latin, white

Collection

TAMU

Dolomedes scriptus Hentz, 1845

Dolomedes scriptusBradley 2013: 180; Carico 1970: 83; Carico 1973: 469, mf, desc. (figs 8–10, 22–24, 28, 43, 59–60); Dondale and Redner 1990: 342, mf, desc. (figs 575–579); Jackman 1997: 91, 167; Kaston 1978: 179 (fig. 450); McKenzie and Reddell 1964: 7; Reddell 1965: 175; Reddell 1970: 407; Vogel 1970b: 17; Woods and Harrel 1976: 43; Yantis 2005: 196, 200; Young and Edwards 1990: 21

Dolomedes pinicola Hentz, 1850; Bishop and Crosby 1936: 239 [misidentified]

Distribution

Southeast and southwest Texas; Anderson, Bell, Dimmit, Harris, Hidalgo, Houston, Jefferson, Kerr, Travis, Trinity, Wichita, Young

Caves

Bell (Adam’s Gold Mine); Travis (West Cave)

Time of activity

Male (April, June)

Habitat

(crops: rice); (landscape features: cave); (soil/woodland: pine woods [%: 74, 83, 97])

Method

5 gallon bucket trap [m]

Type

Alabama

Etymology

Latin, written (pattern)

Collection

MSU, TAMU, TMM

Dolomedes tenebrosus Hentz, 1844

Dolomedes tenebrosusAgnew et al. 1985: 7; Bishop 1924: 40, mf (pl. 18, fig. 2, pl. 21, figs 1–5); Bradley 2013: 181; Brown 1974: 235; Carico 1970: 37; Carico 1973: 454, mf, desc. (figs 1–2, 25, 40, 53–54); Dondale and Redner 1990: 335 (figs 558–562); Griswold 1993: 7; Jackman 1997: 90, desc., 167 (photo 23a); Kaston 1978: 179 (fig. 451); Taber and Fleenor 2005: 273 (fig. 12–1); Woods and Harrel 1976: 43; Yantis 2005: 196, 200; Young and Edwards 1990: 21

Distribution

Southeast Texas; Anderson, Archer, Brown, Erath, Gonzales, Hunt, Jefferson, Leon, Liberty, Nacogdoches, Polk, Trinity, Wichita, Wood, Young

Locality

Palmetto State Park

Time of activity

Male (April – June); female (April, June – July)

Habitat

(crops: rice); (littoral: at water edge, under rocks along creek, wetlands); (soil/woodland: oak wood, pine woods [%: 80, 97, 100])

Method

5 gallon bucket trap [mf]

Type

Alabama, Carolina (of 1844), Massachusetts

Etymology

Latin, darkness

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Dolomedes triton (Walckenaer, 1837)

Dolomedes tritonBonnet 1956: 1541; Breene et al. 1993c: 22, 48, 93, mf (figs 126A-C); Carico 1970: 151; Carico 1973: 481 [S], mf, desc. (figs 11, 18–19, 33–34, 37, 48, 69–70); Comstock 1940: 631; Dean et al. 1982: 254; Jackman 1997: 91, 167; Jones 1936: 69; Taber and Fleenor 2005: 273 (fig. 12–2); Young and Edwards 1990: 21

Dolomedes sexpunctatus Hentz, 1845; Brown 1974: 235; Comstock 1912: 614, desc.; Jones 1936: 69; Kaston 1953: 137, desc. (fig. 340); Montgomery 1904: 314, mf, desc. (pl. 20, fig. 34); Woods and Harrel 1976: 43

Dolomedes triton sexpunctatus Hentz, 1845; Bishop 1924: 52, mf (pl. 29, figs 1–2); Vogel 1970b: 17

Dolomedes albiclavius Bishop, 1924; Jones 1936: 69; Vogel 1970b: 16

Distribution

Widespread; Archer, Bandera, Bexar, Brazos, Cameron, Dallas, Denton, Fannin, Gonzales, Harris, Hidalgo, Hood, Jackson, Jefferson, Kerr, Leon, Marion, Nacogdoches, Palo Pinto, Sabine, Travis, Wichita

Locality

Mill Creek Cove, Palmetto State Park, Raven Ranch

Time of activity

Male (February, June – August); female (February – April, June – September, November)

Habitat

(crops: cotton, rice); (littoral: wetlands); (soil/woodland: beech bottom, on ground in woods)

Method

Malaise trap [f]

Type

Georgia

Etymology

Greek, a triton (pattern)

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Dolomedes vittatus Walckenaer, 1837

Dolomedes vittatusBradley 2013: 182; Carico 1970: 113; Carico 1973: 474 [S], mf, desc. (figs 14–15, 30, 36, 45, 63–64); Dondale and Redner 1990: 339, mf, desc. (figs 569–574); Jackman 1997: 167; Kaston 1978: 180 (fig. 453)

Dolomedes urinator Hentz, 1845; Bishop 1924: 36, f (pl. 16; pl. 33, fig. 3); Montgomery 1904: 317

Distribution

Northeast, central, and southeast Texas; Bandera, Bexar, Dallas, Harris, Hays, Kerr, Llano, Travis

Locality

Lake Austin, Raven Ranch

Time of activity

Male (August); female (June – July, October)

Type

Georgia, Ogechee River Swamp

Etymology

Latin, striped

Collection

MCZ

Genus Pisaurina Simon, 1898

Pisaurina dubia (Hentz, 1847)

Pisaurina dubiaBreene et al. 1993b: 648; Carico 1972: 308 [T], mf, desc. (figs 11–12, 16, 23–24); Jackman 1997: 167; Yantis 2005: 66, 198, 201

Thanatidius dubius Hentz, 1847; Bishop and Crosby 1936: 242, m, desc. (figs 4–5)

Distribution

Central, southeast, and south Texas; Cameron, Guadalupe, Hidalgo, Houston, Kerr, Trinity, Wichita

Locality

Sabal Palm Audubon Sanctuary

Time of activity

Male (April – May); female (April, April 26-May 5, June, December)

Habitat

(crops: sugarcane); (soil/woodland: pine woods [%: 66, 80, 82, 84, 97])

Method

5 gallon bucket trap [mf]

Eggs/spiderlings

Cameron [114 spiderlings in case] [TAMU]

Type

unknown

Etymology

Latin, dubious identification, mutilated when discovered

Collection

DMNS, MSU, TAMU

Pisaurina mira (Walckenaer, 1837)

Pisaurina miraAgnew et al. 1985: 4, 9; Bishop 1924: 23, mf (pl. 5, figs 1–2, pl. 6, figs 1–2, pl. 7, fig. 1, pl. 8, figs 1–4, pl. 9, figs 1–6); Bradley 2013: 182; Brown 1974: 236; Bumroongsook et al. 1992: 17; Carico 1972: 300, mf, desc. (figs 1–6, 13, 17–18); Dean et al. 1988: 286; Dondale and Redner 1990: 326, mf, desc. (figs 550–553); Jackman 1997: 91, desc., 167 (photo 23b); Kaston 1953: 138, desc. (fig. 345); Kaston 1972: 190, desc. (fig. 426); Kaston 1978: 181, desc. (fig. 458); Montgomery 1904: 320, desc.; Woods and Harrel 1976: 43; Yantis 2005: 67, 198, 201; Young and Edwards 1990: 21

Distribution

Eastern ½ Texas; Anderson, Archer, Bexar, Brazos, Erath, Grimes, Houston, Hunt, Jefferson, Kerr, Leon, Madison, Nacogdoches, Rusk, Sabine, Travis, Trinity, Upshur, Walker, Wichita

Locality

Lick Creek Park

Time of activity

Male (March – May); female (March – June)

Habitat

(crops: cotton, peanuts, rice); (soil/woodland: beech-magnolia forest, on ground, woods by creek bank, pine woods [%: 66, 67, 69, 82, 85, 86, 95, 97], post oak woods [%: 41, 56, 71, 74, 77, 82, 84, 91, 92, 94, 96]); (structures: side of building near light)

Method

5 gallon bucket trap [mf]; malaise trap [m]

Type

Georgia

Etymology

Latin, wonderful

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Genus Tinus F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1901

Tinus peregrinus (Bishop, 1924)

Tinus peregrinusBradley 2013: 182; Carico 1976: 68 [T], mf, desc. (figs 2, 10–11, 20–21); Carico 2005: 200; Comstock 1940: 633, desc. (figs 707–708); Jackman 1997: 167; Kaston 1953: 137, desc. (fig. 343); Kaston 1972: 189, desc. (fig. 424); Kaston 1978: 180, desc. (fig. 456); Roth 1982: 38–1; Roth 1985: B-34–1; Roth 1994: 148; Vogel 1970b: 17

Thaumasia peregrina Bishop, 1924; Bishop and Crosby 1936: 243, m, desc. (figs 6–7)

Distribution

South Texas; Brewster, Starr

Time of activity

Male (July)

Habitat

(littoral: near body of water)

Type

Arkansas, Hot Springs [possibly Texas]

Etymology

Latin, pilgrim

Family Plectreuridae Simon, 1893

Genus Plectreurys Simon, 1893

Plectreurys tristis Simon, 1893

Plectreurys tristis [Gertsch 1958c: 19, mf, desc. (figs 11–13, 37–48, 85–88)]

Distribution

Brewster

Type

Arizona

Etymology

Latin, sad

Collection

MSU

Plectreurys sp.

Plectreurys data from Dave Richman

Distribution

Presidio

Locality

Big Bend Ranch State Park

Habitat

(web: web under rock)

Family Prodidomidae Simon, 1884

Genus Prodidomus Hentz, 1847

Prodidomus rufus Hentz, 1847

Prodidomus rufusBradley 2013: 184; Bryant 1935: 164, f, desc. (figs 1a-d); Bryant 1949a: 22, m, desc. (fig. 1); Comstock 1940: 319, desc.; Cooke 1964: 266, mf, desc. (figs 15, 29–30); Jackman 1997: 167; Jones 1936: 70; Platnick and Baehr 2006: 13, mf, desc. (figs 24–28); Roth 1982: 20–2; Roth 1985: B-16–2; Roth 1994: 151; Ubick 2005d: 204; Vogel 1970b: 17

Distribution

Bexar, Dallas, Denton

Time of activity

Male (December); female (May, November)

Habitat

(landscape features: under stone by side of road); (structures: in house)

Type

Alabama

Etymology

Latin, red

Family Salticidae Blackwall, 1841

Note. Species incorrectly reported from Texas

Euophrys monadnock Emerton, 1891; Hunter 1988: 18 [not in Texas]

Habronattus agilis (Banks, 1893); Chickering 1944: 153; Young and Edwards 1990: 21 [not in Texas] [possibly cognatus or fallax]

Pellenes agilis (Banks, 1893); Peckham and Peckham 1909: 535; Petrunkevitch 1911: 680; Vogel 1970b: 18 [misidentified]

Maevia simoni Peckham; Bonnet 1957: 2696 [dubious quotation – see Prószyn’ski online catalog (http://salticidae.org/salticid/catalog/maevia.htm)]

Metaphidippus manni (Peckham and Peckham, 1901) [not in Texas]

Metaphidippus imperialis (Peckham and Peckham, 1888); Kaston 1972: 276

Myrmarachne albocinctus (C. Koch, 1846); Peckham and Peckham 1909: 371; Petrunkevitch 1911: 674 [not in Texas]

Parnaenus cyanidens (C. L. Koch, 1846); F. O. P.-Cambridge 1901: 288, errata; Peckham and Peckham 1909: 438 [not in United States]

Phidippus cyanidens C. L. Koch, 1846; Peckham and Peckham 1901a: 301

Pelegrina verecunda (Chamberlin and Gertsch, 1930); Maddison 1996: 299 [not in Texas, map 26 in error, misprint; map 27 for P. tillandsiae correct]

Pellenes elegans (Peckham and Peckham, 1901); Vogel 1970b: 18 [not in Texas]

Pellenes elagus Peckham and Peckham, 1901; Jones 1936: 69 [not in Texas]

Habronattus elegans (Peckham and Peckham, 1901); Milstead 1958: 446 [not in Texas]

Phanias monticola (Banks, 1895) [not in Texas]

Pseudicius monticolus (Banks, 1895); Roth 1994: 156 [not in Texas]

Phidippus ardens Peckham and Peckham, 1901; Hunter 1988: 18, 20 [not in Texas]

Phidippus johnsoni Peckham and Peckham, 1883; Kaston 1972: 270; Kaston 1978: 258; Richman and Cutler 1978: 96 [not in Texas]

Phidippus obscurus Peckham and Peckham, 1888; Marx 1890: 569 [Phidippus arizonensis or carolinensis]

Phidippus purpuratus Keyserling, 1885; Chickering 1944: 199; Kaston 1953: 112; Peckham and Peckham 1909: 423; Richman and Cutler 1978: 97; Vogel 1970b: 19 [not in Texas]

Dendryphantes purpuratus (Keyserling, 1884); Petrunkevitch 1911: 641 [not in Texas]

Phidippus albomaculatus Keyserling, 1885; Emerton 1909: 224 [not in Texas]

Phidippus regius C. L. Koch, 1846; Kaston 1972: 269; Kaston 1978: 257 [not in Texas]

Phidippus miniatus Peckham and Peckham, 1883; Marx 1890: 569; Peckham and Peckham 1888: 15; Peckham and Peckham 1909: 426; Vogel 1970b: 19 [Texas record, interception or mislabeled]

Dendryphantes miniatus (Peckham and Peckham, 1883); Petrunkevitch 1911: 636; Roewer 1955: 1204

Sitticus auricomus Bryant, 1936; Bonnet 1958: 4069; Jones 1936: 68, 70 [not described]

Sittacus auricomus Bryant, 1936; Vogel 1970b: 20 [not described]

Sitticus rupicola (C. L. Koch, 1837); Prószyn’ski 1980: 14 [not certain it occurs in North America]; Richman et al. 2011b: 72 (almost certainly erroneous)

Wala vernalis Peckham and Peckham, 1893; Jones 1936: 70; Vogel 1970b: 20 [not in United States]

Genus Admestina Peckham & Peckham, 1888

Admestina archboldi Piel, 1992

Admestina archboldiJackman 1997: 167; Piel 1992: 278, mf, desc. (figs 5–6, 10, 12–16); Richman et al. 2011b: 3; Richman et al. 2012a: 3; Richman et al. 2012b: 3

Admestina tibialis (C. L. Koch, 1846); Agnew et al. 1985: 8 [misidentified]

Distribution

Brazos, Burleson, Erath, Travis

Locality

Lick Creek Park

Time of activity

Male (April, September 28-October 5, October); female (February – July)

Habitat

(soil/woodland: post oak savanna with pasture, Juniperus ashei, Quercus buckleyi, Quercus virginiana, Ulmus crassifolia)

Method

Beating [f]; pitfall trap [m]; suction trap [m]; sweeping [f]

Type

Florida, Archbold Biological Station

Etymology

locality (The species is named after the founder of the Archbold Biological Station where the holotype was collected, Piel 1992).

Collection

TAMU

Admestina tibialis (C. L. Koch, 1846)

Admestina tibialisBreene et al. 1993c: 22, 48, 65, mf (figs 42A-D); Chickering 1944: 143; Comstock 1912: 679, desc.; Comstock 1940: 687; Dean et al. 1982: 255; Hunter 1988: 18–20; Jackman 1997: 167; Peckham and Peckham 1909: 510; Petrunkevitch 1911: 589; Richman and Cutler 1978: 83; Richman et al. 2011b: 3; Richman et al. 2012a: 3; Richman et al. 2012b: 3; Roth 1982: 40–3; Roth 1985: B-36–2; Vogel 1970b: 17; Young and Edwards 1990: 21 [Piel 1992: 272, mf, desc. (figs 3–4, 11)]

Distribution

Brazos, Ellis, Harris, Sabine, Walker

Locality

Ellis Prison Unit, Lick Creek Park

Time of activity

Male (June); female (March, May, June 23-July 2, December)

Habitat

(crops: cotton); (grass: grassland); (plants: weed); (soil/woodland: beech-magnolia forest)

Method

Beating/sweeping [f]; malaise trap [f]

Type

Pennsylvania

Etymology

Latin, prominent palpal tibia

Collection

MCZ, TAMU

Genus Anasaitis Bryant, 1950

Anasaitis canosa (Walckenaer, 1837)

Anasaitis canosaBradley 2013: 185; Edwards 1999b: 10 [T]; Henderson 2007: 57–58, 63, 65–66, 78, 81, 84; Richman et al. 2005: 211; Richman et al. 2011b: 3; Richman et al. 2012a: 3; Richman et al. 2012b: 3; Yantis 2005: 67, 196, 199

Corythalia canosa (Walckenaer, 1837); Jackman 1997: 128, desc., 167 (photo 41a); Richman and Cutler 1978: 84 [S]

Stoides aurata Hentz, 1846 [Peckham and Peckham 1909: 527, mf (pl. 38, fig. 9, pl. 43, figs 9–9a)]

Corythalia aurata (Hentz, 1846); Kaston 1978: 253, desc. (fig. 645)

Distribution

Anderson, Angelina, Bastrop, Brazos, Burleson, Fort Bend, Gonzales, Harris, Leon, Sabine, San Jacinto, Tyler, Washington

Locality

5-Eagle Ranch, Angelina National Forest, Bastrop State Park, Brazos Bend State Park, Kirby State Forest, Lick Creek Park, Palmetto State Park, Sabine National Forest, Sam Houston National Forest, Texas A&M University Rangeland Area

Time of activity

Male (March – December); female (March – July, September – October)

Habitat

(grass: grassland, sandy-prairie grass, short grass); (littoral: sandy area by water, sedge meadow); (plants: miscellaneous vegetation); (soil/woodland: beech-magnolia forest, bottomland forest, buckeye-sycamore forest, disturbed habitat, forest, hardwood bottomland, leaf litter, oak, old field, pine woods [%: 100], post oak savanna with pasture, post oak woods [%: 56, 71, 77, 93], post oak woodland, sandy area, upland woods, woods); (structures: on wall in motel room)

Method

5 gallon bucket trap [m]; beating/sweeping [m]; berlese funnel [m]; cardboard band [mf]; flight intercept trap [mf]; flight intercept trap on ground [m]; malaise trap [m]; pitfall trap [mf]; sweeping [m]

Type

United States

Etymology

undetermined

Collection

DMNS, MCZ, MSU, TAMU

Genus Attidops Banks, 1905

Attidops cinctipes (Banks, 1900)

Attidops cinctipesRichman et al. 2011b: 4; Richman et al. 2012a: 4; Richman et al. 2012b: 4 [Edwards 1999a: 13, mf, desc. (figs 12–13, 24–28)]

Distribution

Sabine

Time of activity

Male (April)

Habitat

(soil/woodland: beech-magnolia forest)

Method

Flight intercept trap/malaise trap [m]

Type

Louisiana, Baton Rouge

Etymology

Latin, banded legs

Collection

TAMU

Attidops cutleri Edwards, 1999

Attidops cutleriEdwards 1999a: 12, mf, desc. (figs 10–11, 22–23, 29–30); Richman et al. 2011b: 4; Richman et al. 2012a: 4; Richman et al. 2012b: 4

Distribution

Caldwell, Travis

Locality

Lockhart State Park

Time of activity

Male (April, October)

Type

Texas (male, Travis Co., Austin, October 18, 1967, D. Simon, holotype, FSCA)

Etymology

Person (Named for Dr. Bruce Cutler, who first identified the AMNH specimens to genus, Edwards 1999a).

Attidops youngi (Peckham & Peckham, 1888)

Attidops youngiEdwards 1999a: 10, mf, desc. (figs 2, 4–7, 14–17); Richman et al. 2011b: 4; Richman et al. 2012a: 4; Richman et al. 2012b: 4

Distribution

Brazoria

Time of activity

Male (February)

Type

Pennsylvania

Etymology

Person (collector, Col. J. J. Young)

Genus Bagheera Peckham & Peckham, 1896

Bagheera prosper (Peckham & Peckham, 1901)

Bagheera prosperBradley 2013: 186; Jackman 1997: 167; Jackman et al. 2007: 199; Maddison 1996: 233, mf (figs 84–85, 99) [T]; Richman et al. 2005: 216; Richman et al. 2011b: 4; Richman et al. 2012a: 4; Richman et al. 2012b: 4; Ruiz and Edwards 2013: 20, mf, desc. (figs 2, 6, 10, 13–16)

Dendryphantes prosper Peckham and Peckham, 1901; Banks 1910: 66; Peckham and Peckham 1901a: 314, m, desc. (pl. 27, figs 5–5a); Peckham and Peckham 1909: 457, m, desc.; Petrunkevitch 1911: 640; Roewer 1955: 1204

Metaphidippus prosper Peckham and Peckham, 1901; Vogel 1970b: 18

Distribution

Atascosa, Bexar, Burnet, Comal, Hays, Hood, Hunt, Kimble, Llano, Randall, Runnels, Starr, Tom Green, Val Verde, Wichita

Locality

Lake Ballinger, Lake Tawakoni State Park, Llano City Lake Park, Lower Rio Grande Valley National Wildlife Refuge

Time of activity

Male (March – April, July – October); female (April, July)

Habitat

(grass: grasses and herbs); (littoral: creek vegetation, lake edge, stream edge vegetation); (plants: on leaf, on tree, vegetation); (soil/woodland: cedar, elm, mesquite, oak, riparian mesquite forest); (web: large spider web)

Method

Beating [m]; flight intercept trap [m]

Type

Texas (male, Bexar Co., San Antonio, no date, no collector, syntype, MCZ)

Etymology

Latin, agreeable

Collection

MSU, NMSU, TAMU, WTAM

Genus Bellota Peckham & Peckham, 1892

Bellota micans Peckham & Peckham, 1909

Bellota micansBanks 1910: 75; Galiano 1972: 477, f, desc. (figs 3–4, 25–26, 41, 46); Jackman 1997: 167; Peckham and Peckham 1909: 373, f, desc. (pl. 51, fig. 6); Petrunkevitch 1911: 607; Richman and Cutler 1978: 83; Richman et al. 2005: 208; Richman et al. 2011b: 5; Richman et al. 2012a: 5; Richman et al. 2012b: 5; Roewer 1955: 1036

Distribution

South Texas

Type

Texas (female, no locality, no date, no collector)

[male unknown]

Etymology

Latin, twinkling or glowing

Bellota wheeleri Peckham & Peckham, 1909

Bellota wheeleriBanks 1910: 75; Galiano 1972: 480, f, desc. (figs 1–2, 15–16, 42, 50); Jackman 1997: 167; Maddison 1996: 332, m (fig. 42); Petrunkevitch 1911: 607; Richman and Cutler 1978: 83 [spelling]; Richman et al. 2005: 208; Richman et al. 2011b: 5; Richman et al. 2012a: 5; Richman et al. 2012b: 5; Roewer 1955: 1036

Bellota wheelerii Peckham and Peckham, 1909; Peckham and Peckham 1909: 374, f, desc. (pl. 51, fig. 7)

Distribution

South Texas; Hidalgo

Type

Texas (female, no locality, no date, no collector)

Etymology

Person (This species is named for Prof. Wm. Morton Wheeler, Peckham and Peckham 1909).

Collection

MSU

Genus Bredana Gertsch, 1936

Bredana alternata Gertsch, 1936

Bredana alternataBonnet 1955: 915; Gertsch 1936: 21, f, desc. (fig. 30); Hill and Edwards 2013: 21; Jackman 1997: 167; Richman and Cutler 1978: 84; Richman et al. 2005: 210; Richman et al. 2011b: 5; Richman et al. 2012a: 5; Richman et al. 2012b: 5; Roewer 1955: 1255

Bredana alterana Gertsch, 1936; Vogel 1970b: 17

Distribution

Cameron

Time of activity

Female (November)

Type

Texas (female, Cameron Co., 15 miles SW Harlingen, November 18, 1934, S. Mulaik, holotype, AMNH)

[male known but not described]

Etymology

Latin, alternate species

Bredana complicata Gertsch, 1936

Bredana complicataBonnet 1955: 915; Gertsch 1936: 21, mf, desc. (figs 33–35); Hill and Edwards 2013: 21; Jackman 1997: 167; Richman and Cutler 1978: 84; Richman et al. 2005: 210; Richman et al. 2011b: 5; Richman et al. 2012a: 5; Richman et al. 2012b: 5; Roewer 1955: 1255; Vogel 1970b: 17

Distribution

Cameron, Hidalgo

Locality

Bentsen-Rio Grande Valley State Park, Sabal Palm Audubon Sanctuary

Time of activity

Male (April, June, August 14-September 5); female (June, August, August 14-September 5)

Habitat

(soil/woodland: cedar elm forest)

Method

Lindgren flight trap [mf]

Type

Texas (male, Hidalgo Co., below Weslaco, Llano Grande, April 27, 1934, S. Mulaik, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Latin, complicated palp

Collection

TAMU

Genus Chalcoscirtus Bertkau, 1880

Chalcoscirtus diminutus (Banks, 1896)

Chalcoscirtus diminutusEdwards 2003: 71 [T]; Richman et al. 2011b: 6; Richman et al. 2012a: 6; Richman et al. 2012b: 6

Euophrys diminuta (Banks, 1896); Agnew et al. 1985: 8; Dean and Eger 1986: 142; Edwards 1980: 11 [S]; Jackman 1997: 167

Corythalia delicatula Gertsch and Mulaik, 1936; Bonnet 1956: 1236; Gertsch and Mulaik 1936a: 14, f, desc. (fig. 32); Richman and Cutler 1978: 84; Roewer 1955: 1101; Vogel 1970b: 17 [Chamberlin and Ivie 1944: 195, mf (figs 211–212)]

Distribution

Brazos, Brooks, Burleson, Coryell, Erath, Tyler

Locality

Kirby State Forest

Time of activity

Male (March – April); female (May, October)

Habitat

(plants: bluebonnets); (soil/woodland: post oak savanna with pasture)

Method

pitfall trap [mf]; suction trap [m]; sweeping [m]

Type

New York

Etymology

Latin, size

Collection

TAMU

Genus Cheliferoides F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1901

Cheliferoides longimanus Gertsch, 1936

Cheliferoides longimanusBonnet 1956: 1040; Gertsch 1936: 22, mf, desc. (fig. 32); Jackman 1997: 167; Richman and Cutler 1978: 84; Richman et al. 2005: 208; Richman et al. 2011b: 6; Richman et al. 2012a: 6; Richman et al. 2012b: 6; Roewer 1955: 1187; Vogel 1970b: 17

Bellota wheeleri Peckham and Peckham, 1909; Breene et al. 1993b: 648 [misidentified]

Distribution

Brazoria, Cameron, Colorado, Hidalgo

Locality

Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge, Hoblitzelle Farms, Sabal Palm Audubon Sanctuary, Santa Ana National Wildlife Refuge

Time of activity

Male (February – June, August – November); female (February – March, May – July, September – November)

Habitat

(crops: sugarcane); (grass: grass); (soil/woodland: on ground, palm forest margin)

Method

D-Vac suction [mf]; sifting [mf]; sweeping

Type

Texas (male, Hidalgo Co., below Weslaco, Llano Grande, April 28, 1934, S. Mulaik, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Latin, long hand (front leg)

Collection

TAMU

Cheliferoides segmentatus F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1901

Cheliferoides segmentatusJackman 1997: 167; Platnick 1984: 171, mf, desc. (figs 1–6); Richman and Cutler 1978: 84; Richman et al. 2005: 208; Richman et al. 2011b: 6 (questionable); Richman et al. 2012a: 6 (questionable); Richman et al. 2012b: 6 (questionable); Roth 1982: 40–2; Roth 1985: B-36–1; Roth 1994: 153

Distribution

Cameron, Comal, Frio, Starr, Uvalde

Locality

Frio State Park, Laguna Atascosa National Wildlife Refuge, Lower Rio Grande Valley National Wildlife Refuge, Sabal Palm Audubon Sanctuary

Time of activity

Male (March – May, September)

Habitat

(soil/woodland: dense coastal brush, palm forest, riparian mesquite forest, tree trunk)

Method

Flight intercept trap on ground [mf]; hanging carrion trap [m]

Type

Guatemala

Etymology

Latin, ornamented

Collection

TAMU

Genus Colonus F. O. P-Cambridge, 1901

Colonus hesperus (Richman & Vetter, 2004)

Colonus hesperusBustamante et al. 2015: 187 [T]

Thiodina hespera Richman and Vetter, 2004; Hill 2012: 2; Richman et al. 2011b: 75; Richman et al. 2012a: 75; Richman et al. 2012b: 75 [Richman and Vetter 2004: 426, mf, desc. (figs 2, 4, 8, 11, 14)]

Distribution

Brewster, Hays

Time of activity

Male (May); female (May)

Habitat

(soil/woodland: Juniperus ashei)

Method

Beating [mf]

Type

California, San Diego

Etymology

Greek, signifies that this species is found in the western United States

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Colonus puerperus (Hentz, 1846)

Colonus puerperusBustamante et al. 2015: 187 [T]

Thiodina puerpera (Hentz, 1846); Agnew et al. 1985: 5, 11; Breene et al. 1993c: 24, 48, 64, mf (figs 40A-C); Brown 1974: 237; Carpenter 1972: 165; Dean et al. 1982: 256; Dean et al. 1988: 287; Hill 2012: 2 (mf, color pictures); Jackman 1997: 168; Jones 1936: 69; Knutson et al. 2010: 515; Liao et al. 1984: 411; Peckham and Peckham 1909: 449; Petrunkevitch 1911: 712; Rapp 1984: 9; Richman and Vetter 2004: 424, mf, desc. (figs 2–3, 7, 10, 13); Richman et al. 2011b: 76; Richman et al. 2012a: 75; Richman et al. 2012b: 75; Vogel 1970b: 20; Wolff 1985: 13; Young and Edwards 1990: 23

Thiodina purpurea Hentz, 1846; Woods and Harrel 1976: 44

Distribution

Archer, Bell, Bexar, Brazos, Burleson, Burnet, Cameron, Colorado, Comal, Dallas, Denton, DeWitt, Dimmit, Erath, Fannin, Freestone, Galveston, Gillespie, Grayson, Hamilton, Hardeman, Harris, Hays, Hidalgo, Houston, Howard, Hunt, Jefferson, Jim Wells, Kenedy, Lampasas, Live Oak, Mills, Nacogdoches, Panola, Potter, Rains, Randall, Refugio, Robertson, San Patricio, Scurry, Shackelford, Tarrant, Travis, Uvalde, Walker, Webb, Wichita, Wilbarger, Wise [West Co., not in Texas]

Locality

Adriance Pecan Orchard, Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge, Ellis Prison Unit, Frontera Audubon, Garner State Park, Lake Tawakoni State Park, Lake Thomas, Lake Wichita, Lick Creek Park, Medicine Mounds Ranch, Russell Farm, Sam Houston National Forest, Santa Ana National Wildlife Refuge, Stubblefield Lake, Texas A&M University Rangeland Area

Time of activity

Male (January – October, December); female (January – December)

Habitat

(crops: cotton, peanuts, rice, sunflower); (grass: grass, grassland, pasture); (littoral: salt marsh area, sedge meadow); (nest/prey: mud dauber nest [mf]); (orchard: grapefruit, pecan); (plants: bush, herbs, milkweed, miscellaneous vegetation, roadside vegetation, vegetation, weed, white thistle, Baccharis, Dalea sp, Gaillardia sp.); (soil/woodland: field, juniper, log, post oak savanna, saltcedar, trees/shrubs, willow)

Method

Beating [mf]; beating/sweeping [m]; boll weevil pheromone trap [mf]; D-Vac suction [mf]; pitfall trap [m]; sweeping [mf]

Type

unknown

Etymology

Latin, childbearing

Collection

MCZ, MSU, NMSU, TAMU, WTAM

Colonus sylvanus (Hentz, 1846)

Colonus sylvanusBustamante et al. 2015: 187 [T]

Thiodina sylvana (Hentz, 1846); Agnew et al. 1985: 8, 11; Bradley 2013: 205; Breene et al. 1993c: 24, 48, 64, mf (figs 41A-C); Calixto et al. 2013: 184; Dean and Eger 1986: 143; Dean et al. 1982: 256; Hill 2012: 2 (mf, color pictures); Hunter 1988: 18–21; Jackman 1997: 137, desc., 168 (photo 41q); Jackman et al. 2007: 199; Peckham and Peckham 1909: 449; Petrunkevitch 1911: 712; Richman and Vetter 2004: 421, mf, desc. (figs 2–3, 5–6, 9, 12); Richman et al. 2011b: 76 [S]; Richman et al. 2012a: 76; Richman et al. 2012b: 76; Wolff 1985: 22; Young and Edwards 1990: 23

Thiodina iniquies (Walckenaer, 1837); Kaston 1978: 255; Woods and Harrel 1976: 44 [Texas record]

Plexippus puerperus Hentz, 1846; Marx 1890: 570; Peckham and Peckham 1888: 33

Thiodina silvana (Hentz, 1846); Vogel 1970b: 20

Colonus puerperus Peckham and Peckham, 1885; F. O. P.-Cambridge 1901: 246 [misidentified]

Distribution

Angelina, Aransas, Archer, Bexar, Bosque, Brazos, Brown, Burleson, Caldwell, Cameron, Comal, Coryell, Dallas, Denton, Ellis, Erath, Fort Bend, Galveston, Goliad, Gonzales, Grayson, Hardin, Hidalgo, Howard, Hunt, Jasper, Jefferson, Kenedy, Leon, Liberty, McLennan, Nacogdoches, Robertson, Sabine, San Patricio, Scurry, Tarrant, Travis, Tyler, Upshur, Walker, Washington, Wichita [Fairfax, West Co., not in Texas]

Locality

5-Eagle Ranch, Adriance Pecan Orchard, Anzalduas County Park, Bentsen-Rio Grande Valley State Park, Ellis Prison Unit, Estero Llano Grande State Park, Frontera Audubon, Goose Island State Park, Holmes Pecan Orchard, Kenedy Ranch, Kirby State Forest, Lacuna Park, Laguna Madre, Lake Tawakoni State Park, Lake Thomas, Landa Park Estates, Lick Creek Park, Lockhart State Park, McKelvey Park, Palmetto State Park, Resaca de la Palma State Park, Sabal Palm Audubon Sanctuary, Santa Ana National Wildlife Refuge

Time of activity

Male (March – November); female (March – November)

Habitat

(crops: cotton, rice); (grass: grassland); (landscape features: under rock); (littoral: sand dune under live oak, sedge meadow); (nest/prey: nest of Neotoma micropus); (orchard: grapefruit, orange, pecan); (plants: bluebonnets, honey suckle, Indian paintbrush, miscellaneous vegetation, vegetation, weed, Baccharis); (soil/woodland: beech-magnolia forest, forest, live oak area, palm forest, pine forest, post oak savanna, post oak savanna with pasture, saltcedar, trees, trees/shrubs, woods, Quercus buckleyi, Quercus virginiana, Ulmus crassifolia); (structures: around house); (web: large spider web)

Method

Beating [mf]; beating/sweeping [mf]; cardboard band [mf]; flight intercept trap [mf]; fogging [f]; Lindgren funnel trap [f]; malaise trap [mf]; pitfall trap [m]; sweeping [mf]; yellow pan trap [f]

Type

South Carolina

Etymology

Latin, trees (normal habitat)

Collection

MCZ, MSU, NMSU, TAMU

Genus Eris C. L. Koch, 1846

Eris flava (Peckham & Peckham, 1888)

Eris flavaJackman 1997: 167; Maddison 1986: 145, mf, desc. (figs 8–13); Richman et al. 2011b: 8; Richman et al. 2012a: 8; Richman et al. 2012b: 8

Distribution

Jefferson

Type

New York

Etymology

Latin, yellow

Eris floridana (Banks, 1904)

Eris floridanaRichman et al. 2011b: 9; Richman et al. 2012a: 8; Richman et al. 2012b: 9 [Kaston 1973: 120, mf (figs 63–65)]

Distribution

Mason

Time of activity

Female (January)

Habitat

(orchard: pecan)

Method

irrigation tubing [f]

Type

Florida, Altoona

Etymology

locality (state)

Collection

TAMU

Eris militaris (Hentz, 1845)

Eris militarisBreene et al. 1993c: 22, 48, 69, mf (figs 54A-C); Bumroongsook et al. 1992: 18; Calixto et al. 2013: 184–185, 187; Henderson 2007: 60–61, 78, 81, 84; Jackman 1997: 130, 167 (photo 41b); Jackman et al. 2007: 199; Lombardini et al. 2005: 1378; Maddison 1986: 141, mf (figs 2–7) [S]; Richman et al. 2011b: 9; Richman et al. 2012a: 8; Richman et al. 2012b: 9; Young and Edwards 1990: 21

Dendryphantes militaris (Hentz, 1845); Jones 1936: 69

Paraphidippus marginatus Walckenaer, 1837; Kagan 1942: 64; Kagan 1943: 258

Eris marginata (Walckenaer, 1837); Agnew et al. 1985: 5; Bonnet 1956: 1789; Dean et al. 1982: 255; Hunter 1988: 18; Liao et al. 1984: 411; Rapp 1984: 8; Vogel 1970b: 17

Eris marginatus (Walckenaer, 1837); Brown 1974: 236; Carpenter 1972: 163

Distribution

North-central, central and south Texas; Archer, Brazos, Burleson, Burleson/Lee, Cameron, Clay, Comanche, Dallas, Edwards, Ellis, Erath, Galveston, Grayson, Hood, Hunt, Kerr, Lee, Martin, Mason, McLennan, Medina, Nacogdoches, Nolan, Randall, Robertson, Sabine, San Patricio, Travis, Trinity, Uvalde, Walker, Wichita

Locality

Bill Haney Pecan Orchard, Brison Pecan Orchard, Ellis Prison Unit, Garner State Park, Holmes Pecan Orchard, Lake Somerville State Park [Nails Creek Unit], Lake Tawakoni State Park, Lick Creek Park, Nabor’s Lake, Proctor Lake, Sam Houston National Forest, Storey Pecan Orchard, Stubblefield Lake, Welder Wildlife Refuge, Zilker Park

Time of activity

Male (January – December); female (January – December)

Habitat

(crops: cotton, peanuts); (grass: grassy and shrub area); (landscape features: under rock); (littoral: creek bank, salt marsh area, sedge meadow); (orchard: pecan); (plants: honey suckle, Indian paintbrush, vegetation); (soil/woodland: ash bark, beech-magnolia forest, cottonwood, oak, old field, post oak savanna, sandy area, trees, upland woods, willow, woodland, woods, Juniperus ashei, Quercus buckleyi, Quercus virginiana, Ulmus crassifolia); (structures: at home, car window); (web: large spider web)

Method

Beating [mf]; beating/sweeping [mf]; boll weevil pheromone trap [mf]; cardboard band [mf]; fogging [mf]; irrigation tubing [mf]; malaise trap [m]; pitfall trap [m]; sweeping [mf]

Eggs/spiderlings

Brazos [eggsac laid March 31, 1978, hatched April 12, 9 spiders, 22 eggs infertile]; [eggsac laid March 29, 1978, hatched April 9, 66 spiderlings]; [eggsac laid April 2, 1978, hatched April 12; 23 spiderlings]; [eggsac laid March 9, 1978, hatched March 17, 38 spiderlings; second eggsac laid March 27, 1978, hatched April 12, 1 spiderling, 17 eggs infertile; eggsac laid April 2, 1978, hatched April 12, 32 spiderlings] [TAMU]

Type

North Carolina and Alabama

Etymology

Latin, referring to a soldier

Collection

DMNS, MSU, NMSU, TAMU, TTU, WTAM

Eris rufa (C. L. Koch, 1846)

Eris rufaEdwards 2004: 13 [S]

Eris pinea (Kaston, 1945); Jackman 1997: 167 [Kaston 1973: 120, mf (figs 58–62)]

Eris pineus (Kaston, 1945); Brown 1974: 236

Distribution

Nacogdoches

Habitat

(nest/prey: mud dauber nest [f])

Type

United States

Etymology

Latin, reddish

Genus Ghelna Maddison, 1996

Ghelna barrowsi (Kaston, 1973)

Ghelna barrowsiJackman 1997: 167; Maddison 1996: 239 [T]; Richman et al. 2011b: 11; Richman et al. 2012a: 11; Richman et al. 2012b: 11

Metaphidippus barrowsi Kaston, 1973; Agnew et al. 1985: 8 [Kaston 1973: 107, mf (figs 1–4)]

Distribution

Erath

Time of activity

Female (August)

Method

sweeping

Type

Virginia, Lucketts

Etymology

Person (collector of specimens other than holotype, W. M. Barrows)

Collection

TAMU

Ghelna castanea (Hentz, 1846)

Ghelna castaneaJackman 1997: 167; Maddison 1996: 239 [T]

Metaphidippus castaneus (Hentz, 1846); Carpenter 1972: 163 [Kaston 1973: 109, mf (figs 5–7)]

Distribution

Wichita

Habitat

(structures: in house)

Type

North Carolina

Etymology

Greek, chestnut-colored

Collection

MSU

Ghelna sexmaculata (Banks, 1895)

Ghelna sexmaculataJackman 1997: 167; Maddison 1996: 239 [T]; Richman et al. 2011b: 12; Richman et al. 2012a: 12; Richman et al. 2012b: 12

Metaphidippus sexmaculatus (Banks, 1895) [Kaston 1973: 109, mf (figs 12–14)]

Distribution

Angelina, Brazos, Houston, Tyler

Locality

Angelina National Forest, Big Slough Wild Area, Big Thicket National Preserve, Lick Creek Park

Time of activity

Male (March, May, November – December); female (March)

Habitat

(soil/woodland: bottomland forest litter, hardwood litter, leaf litter, loblolly pine managed, longleaf pine unmanaged)

Method

Berlese funnel [m]; pitfall trap [m]

Type

Canada

Etymology

Latin, six white spots on male abdomen

Collection

TAMU

Genus Habronattus F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1901

Habronattus calcaratus (Banks, 1904)

Habronattus calcaratusRichman et al. 2011b: 14 [S]; Richman et al. 2012a: 14; Richman et al. 2012b: 14

Pellenes calcaratus Banks, 1904; Cokendolpher 1978c: 118; Richman and Cutler 1978: 93

Habronattus calcaratus agricola Griswold, 1987; Griswold 1987: 139, mf, desc. (figs 97, 190); Jackman 1997: 167; Maddison and Hedin 2003a: 19

Distribution

Burleson, Clay, Coryell, Knox, Travis

Time of activity

Male (March – August); female (April 25-May 4, September)

Habitat

(crops: cotton); (landscape features: under rock); (soil/woodland: post oak savanna with pasture)

Method

pitfall trap [m]

Type

South Dakota, 1 mile S Rapid City

Etymology

Latin, furnished with a spur

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Habronattus clypeatus (Banks, 1895)

Habronattus clypeatus [Griswold 1987: 143, mf, desc. (fig. 104); Peckham and Peckham 1909: 548, mf, desc. (pl. 44, fig. 12, pl. 45, figs 2–2c])

Distribution

El Paso

Locality

Tom Mays Memorial Park, Franklin Mountains

Time of activity

Male (April)

Habitat

(soil/woodland: on ground)

Type

Colorado, Fort Collins

Etymology

Latin, face (clypeus)

Collection

NMSU

Habronattus coecatus (Hentz, 1846)

Habronattus coecatusAgnew et al. 1985: 5; Bradley 2013: 188; Breene 1988: 35; Breene et al. 1989: 163; Breene et al. 1993b: 648; Breene et al. 1993c: 22, 48, 67, mf (figs 48A-C); Calixto et al. 2013: 184; Cokendolpher et al. 2008: 10, 48 (photo 31–32); Dean and Eger 1986: 142; Dean and Sterling 1990: 405; Dean et al. 1987: 268; Dean et al. 1988: 287; Griswold 1987: 95 [T], mf, desc. (fig. 79); Irungu 2007: 31; Jackman 1997: 130, 167; Nyffeler et al. 1992c: 3; Richman et al. 2011b: 15; Richman et al. 2012a: 15; Richman et al. 2012b: 15; Young and Edwards 1990: 21

Pellenes coecatum Hentz, 1846; Banks 1904: 119

Pellenes coecatus Hentz, 1846; Dean et al. 1982: 256; Hunter 1988: 18, 21; Richman and Cutler 1978: 93

Pellenes coronatus (Hentz, 1846); Bonnet 1958: 3461; Brown 1974: 236; Carpenter 1972: 164; Comstock 1912: 691, desc.; Comstock 1940: 699; Jones 1936: 69; Kagan 1942: 71; Kagan 1943: 258; Peckham and Peckham 1909: 545, mf, desc. (pl. 45, figs 3a-d); Petrunkevitch 1911: 682; Vogel 1970b: 18

Habronattus coronatus (Hentz, 1846); Milstead 1958: 446 [Kaston 1948: 466, mf, desc. (figs 1710, 1731–1732)]

Distribution

Eastern 2/3 Texas; Anderson, Archer, Bee, Brazos, Brewster, Burleson, Cameron, Carson, Cass, Colorado, Comanche, Coryell, Dallas, Denton, Ellis, Erath, Falls, Goliad, Grayson, Hidalgo, Houston, Hunt, Jeff Davis, Kerr, Kleberg, Knox, Lubbock, Marion, McLennan, Nacogdoches, Polk, Presidio, Rains, Refugio, Robertson, San Patricio, Taylor, Travis, Victoria, Walker, Wichita, Williamson, Wilson

Locality

5-Eagle Ranch, Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge, Bill Haney Pecan Orchard, Black Gap Wildlife Management Area, Ellis Prison Unit, Goliad State Park, Hagerman National Wildlife Refuge, Holmes Pecan Orchard, Lake Dallas, Lick Creek Park, NK Ranch, Padre Island, Padre Island National Seashore, Riley Estate, Sheppard Air Force Base, Somerville Lake, Stiles Farm Foundation, Texas A&M University Rangeland Area, Welder Wildlife Refuge

Time of activity

Male (February – December); female (March – December)

Habitat

(crops: cabbage, cotton, peanuts, sugarcane); (grass: grass, grassland, pasture, tall grass); (landscape features: on rock); (littoral: brush by creek, edge of pond, near playa, near pond); (nest/prey: mud dauber nest [m], stomach of Cnemidophorus perplexus, stomach of Cnemidophorus sacki, stomach of Cnemidophorus tigris); (orchard: pecan); (plants: bluebonnets, Indian paintbrush, miscellaneous vegetation, roadside vegetation, Monarda citriodora); (soil/woodland: edge of woods, forest, sandy area, post oak savanna with pasture, woodland)

Method

D-Vac suction [mf]; fogging [mf]; pitfall trap [mf] (edge of pond [m], edge of woods [f], in sand [mf], near pond [m], under juniper [f], under oak [f]); suction trap [mf]; sweeping [mf]

Eggs/spiderlings

Brazos [eggsac laid May 24, 1978, hatch June 12, 37 spiderlings]; Walker [eggsac laid July 28, 1978, hatch August 11, 16 spiderlings] [TAMU]

Type

Alabama

Etymology

undetermined

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Habronattus cognatus (Peckham & Peckham, 1901)

Habronattus cognatusAgnew et al. 1985: 5; Cokendolpher et al. 2008: 10, 48; Griswold 1987: 187 [T], mf, desc.; Hedin and Maddison 2001b: 1514; Jackman 1997: 130, 167; Knutson et al. 2010: 515; Maddison and Hedin 2003a: 18; Richman et al. 2011b: 15; Richman et al. 2012a: 15; Richman et al. 2012b: 15

Pellenes cognatus Peckham and Peckham, 1901 [Peckham and Peckham 1901b: 224, f, desc. (pl. 1, fig. 19)]

Pellenes arizonensis (Banks, 1904); Carpenter 1972: 164 [Texas record]

Distribution

Angelina, Blanco, Briscoe, Cameron, Carson, Clay, Comanche, Coryell, Erath, Hidalgo, Howard, Kenedy, Kerr, Potter, Randall, Travis, Ward, Wichita, Wilbarger

Locality

Browning Ranch, Camp Chrysalis, Kenedy Ranch, Lake Meredith, South Padre Island

Time of activity

Male (March 29-April 5, April – October); female (April – August, September 28-October 4, October)

Habitat

(crops: peanuts); (grass: grass, grassland, sparse grass); (littoral: near playa, sand dune area); (plants: low weeds and annuals, miscellaneous vegetation); (soil/woodland: ground, mesquite bush, post oak savanna with pasture, saltcedar)

Method

pitfall trap [mf] (edge of woods [m], in sand [mf], in sand in woods [m]); sweeping [mf]

Type

Kansas

Etymology

Latin, related

Collection

MSU, TAMU, WTAM

Habronattus conjunctus (Banks, 1898)

Habronattus conjunctusBroussard and Horner 2006: 255 [Griswold 1987: 184, mf, desc. (figs 22, 142, 233)]

Distribution

Presidio, Wichita

Locality

Big Bend Ranch State Park, Chihuahuan desert, Dalquest Research Site

Time of activity

Female (March)

Habitat

(landscape features: on rock)

Method

pitfall trap [mf]

Type

Mexico, Baja California Sur

Etymology

Latin, connected

Collection

MSU, NMSU

Habronattus decorus (Blackwall, 1846)

Habronattus decorus [Kaston 1948: 468, mf (figs 1711–1712, 1733–1735); Paquin and Dupérré 2003: 106, mf (figs 2184–2186)]

Habronattus sp. nr moratus (Gertsch and Mulaik, 1936); Henderson 2007: 31, 40, 53–54, 56, 58–59, 61–63, 65, 67, 69–70, 74, 78, 81, 84 [misidentified]; Yantis 2005: 197, 200 [misidentified]

Distribution

Brazos, Burleson, Houston, Hunt, Madison

Locality

Lick Creek Park, Somerville Lake

Time of activity

Male (February 15-March 15, March 26-April 2, April, May – June, June 30-July 15, July 26-July 2, August 15-September 17, September 28-October 5, October 20-November 15); female (July 25-August 1, August, September 28-October 5)

Habitat

(grass: short grass); (soil/woodland: disturbed habitat, pine woods [%: 95%], post oak woods [%: 56%], post oak savanna with pasture, post oak woodland, upland woods)

Method

pitfall trap [f]

Type

Canada, Toronto

Etymology

Latin, decorative

Collection

FSCA, MSU, TAMU

Habronattus delectus (Peckham & Peckham, 1909)

Habronattus delectusGriswold 1987: 230 [T], mf, desc. (figs 67, 146, 176, 226); Jackman 1997: 167; Maddison and Hedin 2003a: 21; Richman et al. 2011b: 16; Richman et al. 2012a: 16; Richman et al. 2012b: 16

Pellenes birgei Peckham and Peckham, 1901; Richman and Cutler 1978: 92 [Texas record]; Roewer 1955: 1133

Pellenes delectus (Peckham and Peckham, 1909); Banks 1910: 68; Chamberlin 1924b: 688; Jones 1936: 69; Peckham and Peckham 1909: 550, mf, desc. (pl. 47, figs 6–6a, pl. 49, figs 1–1a); Petrunkevitch 1911: 683; Vogel 1970b: 18

Habronattus sp.; Milstead 1958: 446 [part]

Distribution

Brown, Dallas, Hidalgo, Reeves, San Patricio, Terrell, Travis, Wichita

Locality

Blackstone Ranch, Welder Wildlife Refuge

Time of activity

Female (June, August, December)

Habitat

(crops: cotton); (grass: grass); (nest/prey: stomach of Cnemidophorus sacki); (soil/woodland: sandy open prairie)

Method

D-Vac suction [f]; pitfall trap [f]

Type

Texas (male, Travis Co., Austin, no date, no collector, lectotype, MCZ)

Etymology

Latin, delighting

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Habronattus dorotheae (Gertsch & Mulaik, 1936)

Habronattus dorotheaeGriswold 1987: 154 [T], mf, desc. (figs 36, 120, 159, 210); Jackman 1997: 167; Maddison and Hedin 2003a: 18; Richman et al. 2011b: 17; Richman et al. 2012a: 16; Richman et al. 2012b: 16

Pellenes dorotheae (Gertsch and Mulaik, 1936); Bonnet 1958: 3463; Gertsch and Mulaik 1936a: 16, mf, desc. (fig. 28); Richman and Cutler 1978: 93; Roewer 1955: 1134; Vogel 1970b: 18

Distribution

Cameron, Hidalgo

Locality

Bentsen-Rio Grande Valley State Park

Time of activity

Male (March 26-April 1, August – September, November); female (November)

Habitat

(grass: grass)

Method

pitfall trap [m]

Type

Texas (male, Cameron Co., 15 miles SW Harlingen, November 17, 1934, S. Mulaik, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Person (wife of collector, Dorothea)

Collection

TAMU

Habronattus fallax (Peckham & Peckham, 1909)

Habronattus fallaxAgnew et al. 1985: 8; Griswold 1987: 209 [T], mf, desc. (fig. 139) [see note below]; Hedin and Maddison 2001b: 1514; Jackman 1997: 167; Maddison and Hedin 2003a: 19; Richman et al. 2011b: 17; Richman et al. 2012a: 17; Richman et al. 2012b: 17

Pellenes fallax Peckham and Peckham, 1909; Banks 1910: 68; Peckham and Peckham 1909: 553, mf, desc. (pl. 47, fig. 5, pl. 49, figs 3–3a); Petrunkevitch 1911: 684; Richman and Cutler 1978: 93; Roewer 1955: 1132; Vogel 1970b: 18

Distribution

Cameron, Comanche, Coryell, Erath, Hidalgo, Kerr, San Patricio, Starr, Travis, Wichita, Zapata

Locality

Estero Llano Grande State Park, McKelvey Park, Nabor’s Lake, Resaca de la Palma State Park, Santa Ana National Wildlife Refuge, Welder Wildlife Refuge

Time of activity

Male (March – October); female (May – June)

Habitat

(crops: peanuts); (grass: grass); (soil/woodland: ground, post oak savanna with pasture, sandy area, under [juniper, oak])

Method

pitfall trap [mf] (in sand [m], under juniper [mf], under oak [mf])

Type

Texas (male, Travis Co., Austin, no date, no collector, holotype, MCZ)

Etymology

Latin, deceptive

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Note

32 miles SE Laredo is in Zapata Co., not Starr Co.; 54 miles S Laredo is in Nuevo Leon, Mexico, not Starr Co.; 5 miles E Rio Grande City is in Starr Co., not Webb Co.

Habronattus forticulus (Gertsch & Mulaik, 1936)

Habronattus forticulusGriswold 1987: 151 [T], mf, desc. (fig. 101); Hedin and Maddison 2001b: 1514; Jackman 1997: 130, 167; Maddison and Hedin 2003a: 20; Richman et al. 2011b: 17; Richman et al. 2012a: 17; Richman et al. 2012b: 17

Pellenes forticulus Gertsch and Mulaik, 1936; Bonnet 1958: 3464; Gertsch and Mulaik 1936a: 18, mf, desc. (figs 29–30); Richman and Cutler 1978: 93; Roewer 1955: 1134; Vogel 1970b: 19

Distribution

Brewster, Hays, Hidalgo, San Patricio, Travis, Uvalde, Val Verde, Webb, Zapata

Locality

Big Bend National Park

Time of activity

Male (January, March – December); female (January 29-February 6, February, March – April, June, October – November)

Habitat

(grass: grass)

Method

pitfall trap [mf]

Type

Texas (male, Hidalgo Co., Edinburg, October 11, 1934, S. Mulaik, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Latin, strong

Collection

TAMU

Habronattus hallani (Richman, 1973)

Habronattus hallaniRichman et al. 2011b: 18; Richman et al. 2012a: 17; Richman et al. 2012b: 17 [Griswold 1987: 211, mf, desc. (fig. 205); Richman 1973: 76, mf, desc. (figs 1–5)]

Distribution

El Paso

Locality

Franklin Mountains

Time of activity

Male (October)

Type

Arizona, Santa Catalina Mountains, Sabino Canyon

Etymology

Person (Named for Mr. Joel K. Hallan who inspired my first interest in the Salticidae, Richman 1973).

Collection

NMSU

Habronattus hirsutus (Peckham & Peckham, 1888)

Habronattus hirsutusBroussard and Horner 2006: 255; Griswold 1987: 199, mf, desc. (figs 29, 77, 132, 235); Jackman 1997: 167; Knutson et al. 2010: 515; Richman et al. 2011a: 18; Richman et al. 2011b: 18; Richman et al. 2012a: 18; Richman et al. 2012b: 18

Distribution

Brewster, Brown, Howard, Presidio, Wichita

Locality

Big Bend National Park, Chihuahuan desert, Dalquest Research Site

Time of activity

Male (December); female (December)

Habitat

(soil/woodland: saltcedar)

Method

pitfall trap [mf]

Type

Oregon

Etymology

Latin, hair

Collection

MSU

Habronattus klauseri (Peckham & Peckham, 1901)

Habronattus klauseriPlatnick 2003 [spelling]

Habronattus klauserii (Peckham and Peckham, 1901); Maddison and Hedin 2003a: 21; Richman et al. 2011b: 18; Richman et al. 2012a: 18; Richman et al. 2012b: 18 [Griswold 1987: 122, mf, desc. (figs 91, 113)]

Pellenes brunneus Peckham and Peckham, 1901; Richman and Cutler 1978: 92 [Texas record]

Distribution

El Paso, Lubbock, Pecos

Time of activity

Male (July)

Habitat

(plants: yucca); (structures: on lawn)

Type

New Mexico

Etymology

Person

Collection

NMSU

Habronattus mataxus Griswold, 1987

Habronattus mataxusGriswold 1987: 193, mf, desc. (fig. 71); Jackman 1997: 130, 167; Richman et al. 2011b: 19; Richman et al. 2012a: 18; Richman et al. 2012b: 18

Distribution

Brooks, Cameron, Hidalgo, Kleberg, Nueces, Palo Pinto, Polk, San Patricio, Starr

Locality

Falcon State Park, Fort Sill Recreation Area

Time of activity

Male (March – May, July – October, December); female (April – May, September – October)

Type

Mexico, Tamaulipas, Miramar Beach

Etymology

Greek, silk, covering fine scales on first leg

Collection

MSU

Habronattus mexicanus (Peckham & Peckham, 1896)

Habronattus mexicanusBodner and Maddison 2012: 234; Griswold 1987: 112, mf, desc. (figs 33, 89) [see note below]; Jackman 1997: 167; Maddison and Hedin 2003a: 21; Maddison and Hedin 2003b: 546; Richman et al. 2011b: 19; Richman et al. 2012a: 19; Richman et al. 2012b: 19

Habronattus sp. nr cockerelli Banks, 1901; Irungu 2007: 31 [misidentified]

Habronattus sp. nr conjunctus (Banks, 1898); Irungu 2007: 31 [misidentified]

Habronattus sp. nr pyrithrix (Chamberlin, 1924); Irungu 2007: 31 [misidentified]

Distribution

Cameron, Hidalgo, Kleberg, Val Verde, Zapata

Locality

Ramsey Nature Park

Time of activity

Male (March – December); female (April 22-May 2, October – November)

Habitat

(crops: cabbage)

Method

pitfall trap [mf]

Type

Mexico, Tamaulipas, Reynosa

Etymology

locality (country)

Collection

TAMU

Note

32 miles E Laredo should be 32 miles SE Laredo in Zapata Co., not Webb Co. based on other records from this date.

Habronattus moratus (Gertsch & Mulaik, 1936)

Habronattus moratusGriswold 1987: 93 [T], mf, desc. (figs 78, 164) [see note below]; Hedin and Maddison 2001b: 1514; Jackman 1997: 167; Maddison and Hedin 2003a: 20; Richman et al. 2011b: 19; Richman et al. 2012a: 19; Richman et al. 2012b: 19

Pellenes moratus Gertsch and Mulaik, 1936; Bonnet 1958: 3467; Gertsch and Mulaik 1936a: 17, mf, desc. (figs 26–27) [see note below]; Richman and Cutler 1978: 94; Roewer 1955: 1135; Vogel 1970b: 19

Distribution

Hidalgo, Starr, Zapata

Locality

Lower Rio Grande Valley National Wildlife Refuge

Time of activity

Male (March – April, July); female (July, November)

Type

Texas (male, Hidalgo Co., 30 miles W Edinburg, July 4, 1935, S. Mulaik, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Latin, delay

Note

32 mi E Laredo should be 32 mi SE Laredo in Zapata Co., not Hidalgo Co. (Griswold 1987: 94), based on other records from this date.

Habronattus orbus Griswold, 1987

Habronattus orbusGriswold 1987: 207, mf, desc. (figs 141, 183, 200); Jackman 1997: 167; Richman et al. 2011b: 20; Richman et al. 2012a: 20; Richman et al. 2012b: 20

Habronattus n. sp.; Agnew et al. 1985: 8

Distribution

Coryell, Erath

Time of activity

Male (April – June); female (April, July)

Habitat

(crops: peanuts); (littoral: edge of pond); (soil/woodland: edge of woods, post oak savanna with pasture, under [juniper, oak])

Method

pitfall trap [mf] (edge of pond [m], under juniper [m], under oak [m])

Type

Kansas, Lawrence

Etymology

Latin, orphan, uncertain ancestry

Collection

TAMU

Habronattus sugillatus Griswold, 1987

Habronattus sugillatusGriswold 1987: 165, m, desc. (figs 167, 213); Jackman 1997: 167; Maddison and Hedin 2003a: 21; Richman et al. 2011b: 21; Richman et al. 2012a: 21; Richman et al. 2012b: 21

Habronattus sp.; Milstead 1958: 446 [part]

Distribution

Brewster, Presidio, Terrell

Locality

Big Bend National Park, Blackstone Ranch, Chisos Basin, Chisos Mountains, Davis Mountains

Time of activity

Male (September)

Habitat

(nest/prey: stomach of Cnemidophorus perplexus, stomach of Cnemidophorus sacki, stomach of Cnemidophorus tessellatus, stomach of Cnemidophorus tigris)

Type

Mexico, Durango, 10 miles W Durango

[female unknown]

Etymology

Latin, bruise, maculation on leg

Habronattus texanus (Chamberlin, 1924)

Habronattus texanusAgnew et al. 1985: 5, 11; Calixto et al. 2013: 184; Cokendolpher et al. 2008: 10, 48; Griswold 1987: 215 [S, T], mf, desc. (figs 137, 229); Hedin and Maddison 2001b: 1514; Jackman 1997: 130, 167; Maddison and Hedin 2003a: 19; Richman et al. 2011b: 21; Richman et al. 2012a: 21; Richman et al. 2012b: 21; Young and Edwards 1990: 21

Pellenes texanus Chamberlin, 1924; Bonnet 1958: 3471; Chamberlin 1924a: 35, m, desc. (fig. 52); Richman and Cutler 1978: 94; Roewer 1955: 1137; Vogel 1970b: 19

Pellenes rutherfordi Gertsch & Mulaik, 1936; Bonnet 1958: 3470; Cokendolpher 1978c: 118; Gertsch and Mulaik 1936a: 16, m, desc.; Richman and Cutler 1978: 94; Roewer 1955: 1136; Vogel 1970b: 19

Habronattus rutherfordi (Gertsch & Mulaik, 1936) [Kaston 1948: 469, m, desc. (figs 1736–1737)]

Distribution

Blanco, Cameron, Carson, Coleman, Collin, Comanche, Cooke, Coryell, Cottle, Duval, Erath, Grayson, Hamilton, Hays, Hidalgo, Palo Pinto, Robertson, San Patricio, Travis, Wichita, Williamson

Locality

Bentsen-Rio Grande Valley State Park, Bill Haney Pecan Orchard, Browning Ranch, Holmes Pecan Orchard, Horne Ranch, Pantex Lake, Stiles Farm Foundation

Time of activity

Male (April – November); female (April – October)

Habitat

(crops: cotton, peanuts); (grass: grass, grasses, grassland); (littoral: playa); (orchard: pecan); (plants: miscellaneous vegetation); (soil/woodland: post oak savanna with pasture); (structures: indoors)

Method

D-Vac suction [m]; pitfall trap [mf]; sweeping [f]

Eggs/spiderlings

Hamilton [6 spiderlings] [TAMU]

Type

Texas (male, Travis Co., Austin, August 1909, R. V. Chamberlin, holotype, MCZ)

Etymology

locality (state)

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Habronattus tranquillus (Peckham & Peckham, 1901)

Habronattus tranquillusGriswold 1987: 196, mf, desc. (figs 30, 76, 131, 236); Hedin and Lowder 2009: 57; Jackman 1997: 167; Richman et al. 2011b: 22; Richman et al. 2012a: 21; Richman et al. 2012b: 21

Distribution

Brown, Starr, Terrell

Time of activity

Male (April – May); female (May)

Habitat

(landscape features: under rock)

Type

Arizona

Etymology

Latin, of tranquil

Collection

MSU

Habronattus tuberculatus (Gertsch & Mulaik, 1936)

Habronattus tuberculatusGriswold 1987: 91 [T], mf, desc. (figs 45, 110, 153); Jackman 1997: 167; Richman et al. 2011b: 22; Richman et al. 2012a: 22; Richman et al. 2012b: 22

Pellenes tuberculatus Gertsch and Mulaik, 1936; Bonnet 1958: 3474; Gertsch and Mulaik 1936a: 14, m, desc. (fig. 25); Richman and Cutler 1978: 94; Roewer 1955: 1137; Vogel 1970b: 19

Distribution

Hidalgo

Type

Texas (male, Hidalgo Co., Edinburg, no date, S. Mulaik, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Latin, tubercles

Habronattus virgulatus Griswold, 1987

Habronattus virgulatusGriswold 1987: 106, mf, desc. (figs 34, 95, 193); Jackman 1997: 167; Richman et al. 2011b: 22; Richman et al. 2012a: 22; Richman et al. 2012b: 22

Habronattus sp.; Milstead 1958: 446 [part]

Distribution

El Paso, Presidio, Terrell

Locality

Blackstone Ranch, Franklin Mountains

Time of activity

Male (March)

Habitat

(nest/prey: stomach of Cnemidophorus perplexus, stomach of Cnemidophorus sacki, stomach of Cnemidophorus tessellatus, stomach of Cnemidophorus tigris); (soil/woodland: on ground)

Type

Mexico, Chihuahua, 16 miles NNW Chihuahua

Etymology

Latin, striped on ocular region and third patella

Collection

NMSU

Habronattus viridipes (Hentz, 1846)

Habronattus viridipesBradley 2013: 189; F. O. P.-Cambridge 1901: 244, m, desc. (pl. 21, figs 4, 4a-b, 5, 5a-b); Griswold 1987: 135 [T], mf, desc. (fig. 99); Hedin and Maddison 2001b: 1514; Henderson 2007: 52, 78, 81, 84; Hunter 1988: 18, 21; Jackman 1997: 130, 167; Maddison and Hedin 2003a: 20; Richman et al. 2011b: 22; Richman et al. 2012a: 22; Richman et al. 2012b: 22 [Kaston 1948: 464, mf, desc. (figs 1703–1706, 1723–1724)]

Habrocestum viridipes (Hentz, 1846); Marx 1890: 572; Peckham and Peckham 1888: 60

Pellenes viridipes (Hentz, 1846); Peckham and Peckham 1909: 574, mf, desc. (pl. 44, fig. 10, pl. 45, figs 8–8a); Vogel 1970b: 19

Distribution

Brazos, Brown, Burleson, Cameron, Colorado, Coryell, Ellis, Erath, Goliad, Hidalgo, Kenedy, Montague, Presidio, San Patricio, Travis, Van Zandt

Locality

Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge, Bentsen-Rio Grande Valley State Park, Lick Creek Park, South Padre Island, Welder Wildlife Refuge

Time of activity

Male (March – May, July – August, October); female (January, March – April, April 26-May 2, June, July 26-August 2, August, September 28-October 4)

Habitat

(grass: grassland, short grass); (landscape features: under rock); (plants: vegetation); (soil/woodland: leaf litter, live oak forest, post oak savanna, post oak savanna with pasture, post oak woodland, woods)

Method

Beating [m]; beating/sweeping [mf]; pitfall trap [mf]

Type

South Carolina

Etymology

Latin, green

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Genus Hasarius Simon, 1871

Hasarius adansoni (Audouin, 1826)

Hasarius adansoniBrown 1974: 236; Hill and Edwards 2013: 50; Jackman 1997: 167; Platnick 1989: 571 [spelling]

Hasarius adansonii Audouin, 1826 [Kaston 1948: 493, mf, desc. (figs 1816, 1851–1853)]

Distribution

Cameron, Nacogdoches

Locality

Ramsey Nature Park

Time of activity

Female (May, October)

Habitat

(landscape features: in culvert); (structures: on fence)

Type

Egypt

Etymology

Person (honor French naturalist)

Genus Hentzia Marx, 1883

Hentzia alamosa Richman, 2010

Hentzia alamosaRichman 2010: 73, mf, desc. (figs 2–10, 17); Richman et al. 2011b: 23; Richman et al. 2012a: 23; Richman et al. 2012b: 23

Distribution

Presidio

Locality

Big Bend Ranch State Park

Time of activity

Male (March); female (March, October)

Habitat

(soil/woodland: cottonwood)

Method

Beating [mf]

Type

Texas (female, Presidio Co., Big Bend Ranch State Park, Cuevas Amarillas, March 28, 2004, D. B. Richman, holotype, TAMU)

Etymology

Spanish, alamo for cottonwood

Collection

TAMU

Hentzia fimbriata (F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1901)

Hentzia fimbriata [Richman 1989: 306, mf, desc. (figs 37–43)]

Distribution

Presidio

Locality

Big Bend Ranch State Park

Time of activity

Female (October)

Habitat

(soil/woodland: cottonwood)

Method

Beating [f]

Type

Guatemala

Etymology

Latin, fringed

Collection

NMSU

Hentzia mitrata (Hentz, 1846)

Hentzia mitrataBradley 2013: 189; Breene et al. 1993c: 23, 48, 73, mf (figs 63A-B); Brown 1974: 236; Dean and Sterling 1990: 405; Dean et al. 1982: 255; Jackman 1997: 131, 167; Richman 1989: 302 [T], mf, desc. (figs 29–36); Richman et al. 2011b: 24; Richman et al. 2012a: 24; Richman et al. 2012b: 24; Young and Edwards 1990: 22

Wala mitrata (Hentz, 1846); Bonnet 1959: 4805; Jones 1936: 70; Vogel 1970b: 20

Distribution

Bosque, Brazos, Dallas, Fannin, Jasper, Lavaca, Nacogdoches, Sabine, Travis, Uvalde, Walker, Wichita

Locality

Ellis Prison Unit, Garner State Park, Lacuna Park

Time of activity

Male (March – August); female (February – July, September)

Habitat

(crops: cotton); (nest/prey: mud dauber nest [m]); (plants: miscellaneous vegetation); (soil/woodland: beech-magnolia forest, Quercus buckleyi, Quercus virginiana, Ulmus crassifolia); (structures: kitchen floor)

Method

Beating [mf]; malaise trap [f]; suction trap [mf]; sweeping [mf]

Type

Alabama

Etymology

Latin, miter (male carapace)

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Hentzia palmarum (Hentz, 1832)

Hentzia palmarumAgnew et al. 1985: 5, 11; Bradley 2013: 190; Breene 1988: 15, 17, 23–26, 35–36, 38–40; Breene et al. 1988: 180–181; Breene et al. 1989: 163; Breene et al. 1993c: 23, 48, 73, mf (figs 62A-C); Brown 1974: 236; Bryant 1940: 498; Bumroongsook et al. 1992: 17; Calixto et al. 2013: 184–187; Carpenter 1972: 164; Dean and Eger 1986: 142; Dean and Sterling 1987: 7; Dean and Sterling 1990: 403, 405; Dean et al. 1982: 255; Dean et al. 1987: 268; Dean et al. 1988: 287; Hedin and Maddison 2001a: 388; Hill and Edwards 2013: 33; Hunter 1988: 18, 20–21; Jackman 1997: 131, desc., 167 (photo 41d); Li 1990: 137, 142, 144; Liao et al. 1984: 411; Lombardini et al. 2005: 1378; Nyffeler et al. 1987a: 357; Nyffeler et al. 1992b: 1459–1460; Nyffeler et al. 1992c: 3; Pamanes–Guerrero 1975: 60, 78; Pfannenstiel 2008a: 204; Rapp 1984: 9; Richman 1989: 296 [S, T], mf, desc. (figs 16–27); Richman 2010: 76; Richman and Cutler 1978: 86; Richman et al. 2011b: 24; Richman et al. 2012a: 24; Richman et al. 2012b: 24; Rogers and Horner 1977: 523; Vincent and Frankie 1985: 380; Young and Edwards 1990: 22

Hentzia ambigua (Walckenaer, 1837); Sterling et al. 1979: 979

Wala palmarum Hentz, 1832; Bonnet 1959: 4806; Jones 1936: 70; Kagan 1942: 67; Kagan 1943: 258; Peckham and Peckham 1909: 508; Petrunkevitch 1911: 717; Vogel 1970b: 20

Distribution

Eastern 2/3 Texas; Aransas, Austin, Bell, Bexar, Bosque, Brazoria, Brazos, Brown, Burleson, Cameron, Collin, Comal, Comanche, Dallas, Edwards, Ellis, Erath, Falls, Galveston, Gillespie, Goliad, Grayson, Hidalgo, Hill, Houston, Hunt, Karnes, Kenedy, Kerr, Limestone, Llano, Lubbock, Mason, McLennan, Medina, Montague, Montgomery, Motley, Nacogdoches, Nolan, Nueces, Randall, Robertson, Rockwall, Sabine, San Patricio, San Saba, Scurry, Shelby, Travis, Uvalde, Walker, Wharton, Wichita, Wilbarger, Williamson, Wood, Zavala

Locality

Adriance Pecan Orchard, Bentsen-Rio Grande Valley State Park, Bill Haney Pecan Orchard, Brison Pecan Orchard, Buddy Adams Pecan Orchard, Ellis Prison Unit, Estero Llano Grande State Park, Frontera Audubon, Holmes Pecan Orchard, Jones State Forest, Lacuna Park, Lake Thomas, Lick Creek Park, McKelvey Park, Proctor Lake, Ramsey Prison Farm, Resaca de la Palma State Park, Russell Farm, Storey Pecan Orchard, Texas A&M University Rangeland Area, Welder Wildlife Refuge

Time of activity

Male (January – December); female (January, March – December)

Habitat

(crops: cotton, guar, peanuts, sunflower); (grass: grasses, grassland, grassy and shrub area, pasture, tall grass prairie); (littoral: salt marsh area); (nest/prey: bird nest, mud dauber nest [mf]); (objects: on cotton fleahopper emergence cage); (orchard: grapefruit, Mexican lime, orange, pecan, sour orange, tangerine); (plants: bluebonnets, bush, croton, Indian paintbrush, miscellaneous vegetation, next to cotton field, vegetation, weed, Monarda citriodora); (soil/woodland: beech-magnolia forest, hackberry matte, live oak, lower branches of trees, post oak savanna, sandy area, tree, trees/shrubs, willow, woods, woodland, woody annuals, Quercus buckleyi, Quercus virginiana, Ulmus crassifolia); (structures: on clothes line)

Method

Beating [mf]; beating/sweeping [f]; boll weevil pheromone trap [f]; cardboard band [mf]; D-Vac suction [mf]; fogging [mf]; irrigation tubing [mf]; malaise trap [f]; ramp trap [m]; suction trap [mf]; sweeping [mf]

Eggs/spiderlings

Robertson [12, 17 spiderlings]; Walker [eggsac August 28, 1978, hatch October 3; 28 spiderlings] [TAMU]

Type

South Carolina and North Carolina

Etymology

Latin, plant

Collection

MSU, NMSU, TAMU, WTAM

Genus Leptofreya Edwards, 2015

Leptofreya ambigua (C.L. Koch, 1846)

Leptofreya ambiguaEdwards 2015: 43 [T]

Freya ambigua (C. L. Koch, 1846); Edwards and Ruiz 2013: 13, mf, desc. (figs 1–13)

Freya perelegans Simon, 1902; Richman et al. 2012a: 11; Richman et al. 2012b: 11

Freya sp.; Richman et al. 2011b: 11

Distribution

Cameron, Hidalgo

Locality

Bentsen-Rio Grande Valley State Park, Estero Llano Grande State Park, Laguna Atascosa National Wildlife Refuge, Lower Rio Grande Valley National Wildlife Refuge, Ramsey Nature Park, Resaca de la Palma State Park, Sabal Palm Audubon Sanctuary, Santa Ana National Wildlife Refuge

Time of activity

Male (March, May, September 20-October 3, October, November); female (March, April 24-May 7, September – November)

Habitat

(littoral: dense coastal brush, grass survey); (soil/woodland: cedar elm forest, ebony-guayacan association, palm forest, re-vegetated site)

Method

Flight intercept trap on ground [mf]; pitfall trap [mf]

Type

Suriname

Etymology

Latin, doubtful

Collection

FSCA, TAMU

Genus Lyssomanes Hentz, 1845

Lyssomanes viridis (Walckenaer, 1837)

Lyssomanes viridisBreene et al. 1993c: 23, 48, 63, mf (figs 38A-C); Dean et al. 1982: 255; Jackman 1997: 131, desc., 167 (photo 41c); Kaston 1953: 46, desc. (fig. 98); Kaston 1972: 277, desc. (fig. 625); Kaston 1978: 265, desc. (fig. 677); Peckham and Peckham 1909: 595, mf, desc.; Richman et al. 2005: 208; Richman et al. 2011b: 26; Richman et al. 2012a: 26; Richman et al. 2012b: 26; Vogel 1970b: 17; Young and Edwards 1990: 22

Distribution

Anderson, Bastrop, Brazos, Sabine, San Jacinto, Tyler, Walker

Locality

Bastrop State Park, Ellis Prison Unit, Kirby State Forest, Lick Creek Park, Sam Houston National Forest

Time of activity

Male (April – May, May 19-June 7); female (April – June, June 23-July 2, July 24-August 6)

Habitat

(crops: cotton); (soil/woodland: beech-magnolia forest, forest understory)

Method

Beating [f]; beating/sweeping [f]; flight intercept trap on ground [m]; malaise trap [f]; sweeping [m]

Type

Georgia

Etymology

Latin, green

Collection

MCZ, MSU, TAMU

Genus Maevia C. L. Koch, 1846

Maevia inclemens (Walckenaer, 1837)

Maevia inclemensAgnew et al. 1985: 5; Barnes 1955: 2 [S], mf, desc. (figs 1, 4, 7–8); Carpenter 1972: 165; Hunter 1988: 18, 20–21; Jackman 1997: 132, desc., 167; Kaston 1972: 258, desc. (fig. 581); Kaston 1978: 247, desc. (fig. 628); Richman and Cutler 1978: 87; Richman et al. 2011b: 27; Richman et al. 2012a: 26; Richman et al. 2012b: 26; Tugmon et al. 1990: 44; Vogel 1970b: 18; Young and Edwards 1990: 22

Maevia vittata (Hentz, 1846); Bonnet 1957: 2697; Jones 1936: 69

Distribution

Angelina, Bandera, Bexar, Brazoria, Brazos, Brewster, Burleson, Clay, Comanche, Dallas, Ellis, Erath, Hays, Kerr, Llano, Tarrant, Travis, Wichita, Young

Locality

Chisos Basin, Chisos Mountains, Grissom Ranch, Lost Maples State Park, Nabor’s Lake, Ramsey Prison Farm

Time of activity

Male (April – September); female (April – October, December 16-January 26)

Habitat

(crops: peanuts); (grass: grass); (plants: low succulent vegetation, weed); (soil/woodland: ground, Juniperus managed plot, Juniperus unmanaged plot, post oak savanna with pasture, upland deciduous forest, woods, woodland, Quercus buckleyi); (structures: house, on wall, side of house)

Method

Flight intercept trap elevated [f]; flight intercept trap on ground [mf]; Lindgren flight trap [f]; pitfall trap [m]; sweeping [mf]

Type

Georgia

Etymology

Latin, unfavorable behavior, cruel

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Genus Marpissa C. L. Koch, 1846

Marpissa bryantae (Jones, 1945)

Marpissa bryantaeJackman 1997: 167; Logunov 1999: 44 (figs 86–88); Richman and Cutler 1978: 87 [T]; Richman et al. 2011b: 28; Richman et al. 2012a: 27; Richman et al. 2012b: 27

Hyctia bryantae Jones, 1945; Jones 1945: 39, f, desc. (fig. 1); Roewer 1955: 1259; Vogel 1967: 116; Vogel 1970b: 17

Distribution

Denton

Time of activity

Female (March)

Habitat

(plants: herbs)

Method

sweeping [f]

Type

Texas (female, Denton Co., Denton, March 26, 1942, no collector, holotype, MCZ)

Etymology

Person (arachnologist)

Marpissa dentoides Barnes, 1958

Marpissa dentoidesLogunov 1999: 35 [S], mf (figs 66–67, 82–83)

Marpissa obtusa Barnes, 1958; Barnes 1958: 28, f (fig. 46 [not m]); Vogel 1970b: 18 [part, West Texas records]

Distribution

Brewster, Kerr, Llano

Locality

Big Bend National Park, Chisos Basin, Chisos Mountains

Time of activity

Female (June, September, December)

Type

New York, Sea Cliff

Etymology

Latin, referring to teeth

Marpissa formosa (Banks, 1892)

Marpissa formosaAgnew et al. 1985: 8; Barnes 1958: 4 [S], mf, desc. (figs 4–11); Breene et al. 1993b: 648; Breene et al. 1993c: 23, 48, 66, mf (figs 45A-D); Cokendolpher 1978c: 118; Dean et al. 1982: 255; Jackman 1997: 167; Logunov 1999: 44, f (figs 70–71); Richman and Cutler 1978: 87; Richman et al. 2011b: 28; Richman et al. 2012a: 28; Richman et al. 2012b: 28; Vogel 1970b: 18; Young and Edwards 1990: 22

Hyctia bina (Hentz, 1846); Jones 1936: 70; Vogel 1970b: 17; Woods and Harrel 1976: 44 [Texas records]

Marpissa bina (Hentz, 1846); Brown 1974: 236; Carpenter 1972: 166 [Texas records]

Distribution

Archer, Cameron, Cherokee, Comal, Dallas, Erath, Hardeman, Hidalgo, Jefferson, Kerr, Rusk, San Patricio, Walker, Wichita

Locality

Ellis Prison Unit, Lake Striker, Lake Wichita, Medicine Mounds Ranch

Time of activity

Male (March, May – August, October); female (March – October, December)

Habitat

(crops: cotton, rice, sugarcane); (grass: grass); (littoral: creek bank, creek bank vegetation, pond shore); (objects: under canvas); (plants: vegetation); (structures: on table on boat pier)

Method

Boll weevil pheromone trap [m]; sweeping [m]

Type

New York

Etymology

Latin, beautiful

Collection

MCZ, MSU, TAMU, WTAM

Marpissa lineata (C. L. Koch, 1846)

Marpissa lineataAgnew et al. 1985: 5; Breene et al. 1993b: 648; Breene et al. 1993c: 23, 48, 66, mf (figs 44A-C); Calixto et al. 2013: 184; Cokendolpher 1978c: 118; Dean et al. 1982: 255; Henderson 2007: 56, 78, 81, 84; Jackman 1997: 167; Richman and Cutler 1978: 87; Richman et al. 2011b: 28; Richman et al. 2012a: 28; Richman et al. 2012b: 28; Young and Edwards 1990: 22 [Barnes 1958: 23, mf, desc. (figs 35–40)]

Distribution

Angelina, Archer, Blanco, Brazos, Burleson, Cameron, Colorado, Coryell, Erath, Hidalgo, Robertson, Sabine, Walker, Wichita, Willacy

Locality

Angelina National Forest, Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge, Browning Ranch, Ellis Prison Unit, Holmes Pecan Orchard, Lick Creek Park

Time of activity

Male (March – July, September – November); female (March, May, August – October)

Habitat

(crops: cotton, peanuts, sugarcane); (objects: under board); (orchard: pecan); (soil/woodland: beech-magnolia forest, hardwood bottomland, post oak savanna with pasture, sandy area on ground, under juniper, upland woods); (structures: indoors)

Method

cardboard band [f]; flight intercept trap [m]; pitfall trap [mf] (under juniper [m])

Type

Pennsylvania

Etymology

Latin, carapace with thin black band on margin

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Marpissa obtusa Barnes, 1958

Marpissa obtusaBarnes 1958: 28, m, desc. (fig. 44 [not f]); Irungu 2007: 31; Jackman 1997: 167; Logunov 1999: 40, m, desc. (figs 80–81); Richman and Cutler 1978: 88; Richman et al. 2011b: 29; Richman et al. 2012a: 28; Richman et al. 2012b: 28; Vogel 1967: 117; Vogel 1970b: 18

Distribution

Brewster, Hidalgo, Kerr, Matagorda

Locality

Big Bend National Park, Chisos Basin, Chisos Mountains, Lower Rio Grande Valley National Wildlife Refuge

Time of activity

Male (June, October, October 26-November 2)

Habitat

(crops: cabbage); (soil/woodland: re-vegetated site)

Method

pitfall trap [m]

Type

Texas (male, Matagorda Co., Palacios, June 4, 1936, S. Mulaik, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Latin, round form

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Marpissa pikei (Peckham & Peckham, 1888)

Marpissa pikeiAgnew et al. 1985: 5; Armstrong and Richman 2007: 396; Barnes 1958: 15, mf, desc. (figs 16–21); Breene et al. 1993b: 648; Breene et al. 1993c: 23, 48, 65, mf (figs 43A-D); Brown 1974: 236; Carpenter 1972: 166; Cokendolpher et al. 2008: 10, 49; Dean and Eger 1986: 142; Dean and Sterling 1987: 7; Hunter 1988: 18–20; Jackman 1997: 133, desc., 167; Rapp 1984: 9; Richman et al. 2011b: 29; Richman et al. 2012a: 28; Richman et al. 2012b: 28; Roberts 2001: 51; Tugmon et al. 1990: 44; Vogel 1970b: 18; Vogel and Durden 1972: 1; Young and Edwards 1990: 22

Distribution

Brazoria, Brazos, Burnet, Cameron, Carson, Colorado, Dallas, Dickens, Ellis, Erath, Fannin, Floyd, Freestone, Frio, Galveston, Hamilton, Hardeman, Henderson, Hidalgo, Jack, Jeff Davis, Kaufman, Kent, Kerr, McMullen, Milam, Nacogdoches, Nueces, Oldham, Potter, Randall, Stephens, Travis, Uvalde, Val Verde, Wichita

Locality

Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge, Davis Mountains, Garner State Park, Inks Lake State Park, Lick Creek Park, Medicine Mounds Ranch, Pantex Plant, Seminole Canyon State Park, South Padre Island, Wildcat Bluff Nature Center

Time of activity

Male (April – December); female (April – October)

Habitat

(crops: cotton, peanuts, sugarcane); (grass: Bermuda grass, grass, grassland, Johnson grass, tall grass); (landscape features: under rock); (littoral: near playa, salt marsh area); (nest/prey: mud dauber nest [f]); (plants: bluebonnets, emergent vegetation, garden, miscellaneous vegetation, roadside vegetation, vegetation, weed); (structures: ceiling of picnic table); (soil/woodland: on ground, post oak savanna, trees/shrubs)

Method

Beating [mf]; boll weevil pheromone trap [imm.]; D-Vac suction [mf]; pitfall trap; sweeping [mf]

Type

New York, South Carolina, Georgia, Florida

Etymology

Person (collector, Nicolas G. Pike)

Collection

DMNS, MSU, TAMU, WTAM

Genus Menemerus Simon, 1868

Menemerus bivittatus (Dufour, 1831)

Menemerus bivittatusBarnes 1958: 44, mf, desc. (figs 71–74); Carpenter 1972: 166; Jackman 1997: 167; Richman and Cutler 1978: 88; Richman et al. 2011b: 29; Richman et al. 2012a: 29; Richman et al. 2012b: 29; Vogel 1970b: 18

Distribution

Brazos, Cameron, Hidalgo, Jefferson, Kleberg, Montague, Nueces, Wichita

Locality

Estero Llano Grande State Park, Resaca de la Palma State Park, Russell Farm

Time of activity

Male (February, April, August – December); female (May, August, October, December)

Habitat

(grass: grass); (landscape features: under stone); (nest/prey: mud dauber nest [m]); (objects: wood pile); (soil/woodland: mesquite)

Type

unknown

Etymology

Latin, two stripes

Collection

MSU, NMSU, TAMU

Genus Messua Peckham & Peckham, 1896

Messua limbata (Banks, 1898)

Messua limbataArmstrong and Richman 2007: 396; Bradley 2013: 192; Maddison 1996: 233 [T], m (figs 90, 100, 117); Richman et al. 2005: 216; Richman et al. 2011b: 30 [S]; Richman et al. 2012a: 30; Richman et al. 2012b: 30

Dendryphantes limbatus (Banks, 1898); Banks 1910: 66; Chamberlin 1924b: 682; Peckham and Peckham 1901a: 315, mf, desc.; Peckham and Peckham 1909: 458, mf, desc. (pl. 37, fig. 3); Petrunkevitch 1911: 634; Roewer 1955: 1203

Eris limbata (Banks, 1898); Breene et al. 1993b: 648; Dean and Eger 1986: 142; Jackman 1997: 167 (photo 41b); Richman and Cutler 1978: 85

Eris limbatus (Banks, 1898); Vogel 1970b: 17

Icius exornatus (Peckham and Peckham, 1909); Banks 1910: 71; Bonnet 1957: 2281; Peckham and Peckham 1909: 505, f, desc. (pl. 41, fig. 6); Petrunkevitch 1911: 661; Roewer 1955: 1222; Vogel 1970b: 17

Distribution

Austin, Brazos, Cameron, Frio, Hidalgo, Kerr

Locality

Bentsen-Rio Grande Valley State Park, Estero Llano Grande State Park, Frontera Audubon, Laguna Atascosa National Wildlife Refuge, Lower Rio Grande Valley National Wildlife Refuge, Resaca de la Palma State Park, Riley Estate, Russell Farm, Sabal Palm Audubon Sanctuary

Time of activity

Male (January, March – April, June – August, October – November); female (February – May, July – December)

Habitat

(crops: cotton, sugarcane); (grass: grass); (littoral: dense coastal brush); (nest/prey: mud dauber nest [mf]); (orchard: grapefruit, Mexican lime, orange, organic citrus grove, sour orange); (plants: bluebonnets); (soil/woodland: cedar elm forest, ebony-guayacan association, palm forest margin [resaca bank], trees)

Method

Beating [f]; boll weevil pheromone trap [m]; D-Vac suction [m]; flight intercept trap elevated [m]; flight intercept trap on ground [m]; Lindgren flight trap [mf]; sweeping [m]

Type

Mexico, Tepic

Etymology

Latin, bordered

Collection

DMNS, NMSU, TAMU

Genus Metacyrba F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1901

Metacyrba floridana Gertsch, 1934

Metacyrba floridanaEdwards 2006: 197, mf, desc. (figs 1–12, 34, 98); Richman et al. 2011b: 30; Richman et al. 2012a: 30; Richman et al. 2012b: 30

Distribution

Dallas, Hays, Kerr, Nacogdoches

Locality

White Rock Lake

Time of activity

Male (August); female (September, October 27-November 11)

Habitat

(soil/woodland: Juniperus managed plot, upland deciduous forest)

Method

Flight intercept trap on ground [f]; Lindgren flight trap [f]

Type

Florida, Fort Meyers

Etymology

locality (state)

Collection

TAMU

Metacyrba punctata (Peckham & Peckham, 1894)

Metacyrba punctataBarnes 1958: 35, mf, desc. (fig. 54); Edwards 2006: 199, mf, desc. (figs 35–46, 97); Jackman 1997: 167; Richman and Cutler 1978: 88; Richman et al. 2011b: 30; Richman et al. 2012a: 30; Richman et al. 2012b: 30; Vogel 1970b: 18

Distribution

Cameron

Locality

McKelvey Park, Ramsey Nature Park, Resaca de la Palma State Park, Sabal Palm Audubon Sanctuary

Time of activity

Male (November); female (October, December)

Habitat

(soil/woodland: palm forest)

Method

Beating [f]

Type

Central America

Etymology

Latin, six white spots on abdomen

Collection

TAMU

Metacyrba taeniola similis Banks, 1904

Metacyrba taeniola similisEdwards 2006: 201, mf, desc. (figs 47–67); Richman et al. 2011b: 30; Richman et al. 2012a: 30; Richman et al. 2012b: 30

Metacyrba taeniola (Hentz, 1846); Vogel 1970b: 18 [part]

Distribution

Anderson, Brazos, Brewster, Cameron, Dickens, El Paso, Hays, Jeff Davis, Lubbock, Tyler, Wichita

Locality

Big Bend National Park, Chisos Basin, Chisos Mountains, Davis Mountains, Engeling Wolf Management Area, Laguna Atascosa National Wildlife Refuge, Sabal Palm Audubon Sanctuary, Texas A&M University Rangeland Area

Time of activity

Male (March, June – August, October); female (April – May, July – September, December)

Habitat

(littoral: dense coastal brush); (plants: miscellaneous vegetation); (soil/woodland: Juniperus managed plot, Juniperus unmanaged plot, palm forest, palm tree, trees/shrubs , under bark); (structures: window of house)

Method

Beating [f]; flight intercept trap [f]; flight intercept trap elevated [mf]; flight intercept trap on ground [m]

Eggs/spiderlings

Brazos [eggs hatch, May 21, 1984, 18 spiderlings] [TAMU]

Type

California, Los Angeles

Etymology

Latin, similar to Metacyrba taeniola (Hentz, 1846)

Collection

TAMU

Metacyrba taeniola taeniola (Hentz, 1846)

Metacyrba taeniola taeniolaEdwards 2006: 204, mf, desc. (figs 68–78, 99) [see note below]; Richman et al. 2011b: 30; Richman et al. 2012a: 30; Richman et al. 2012b: 30

Metacyrba taeniola (Hentz, 1846); Agnew et al. 1985: 8; Barnes 1958: 30, mf, desc. (figs 47–51); Brown 1974: 236; Carpenter 1972: 166; Hunter 1988: 18, 20; Jackman 1997: 133, desc., 167; Jones 1936: 69; Milstead 1958: 446; Peckham and Peckham 1909: 486; Petrunkevitch 1911: 673; Vogel 1970b: 18

Distribution

Archer, Bastrop, Bell, Bexar, Bosque, Brazos, Brewster, Brown, Burleson, Caldwell, Cameron, Clay, Coryell, Crockett, Dallas, El Paso, Ellis, Erath, Hidalgo, Kenedy, Kerr, Nacogdoches, Presidio, San Patricio, Starr, Sutton, Travis, Uvalde, Val Verde, Waller, Wichita, Zapata

Locality

Bentsen-Rio Grande Valley State Park, Big Bend National Park, Black Gap Wildlife Management Area, Chisos Basin, Chisos Mountains, Davis Mountains, Falcon Lake State Park, Laguna Atascosa National Wildlife Refuge, Lick Creek Park, Lomita Ranch, Lower Rio Grande Valley National Wildlife Refuge, Raven Ranch

Time of activity

Male (January – October, December); female (January – December)

Habitat

(grass: under rock in grassland); (landscape features: crevice in rocky ledge, loose stones, under rock); (nest/prey: in nest on shelter, stomach of Cnemidophorus tigris); (plants: flower, Indian paintbrush, miscellaneous vegetation, weeds); (soil/woodland: forest, in log, Juniperus managed plot, Juniperus unmanaged plot, oak tree, palm tree, post oak savanna with pasture, re-vegetated site, savanna with native grasses, under bark, woods, Ulmus crassifolia); (structures: in house, inside on window, on [table on patio, window patio], window, window screen)

Method

Beating [f]; beating/sweeping [f]; cardboard band [m]; flight intercept trap on ground [mf]; Lindgren flight trap [m]; pitfall trap [mf]; suction trap [f]; sweeping [f]

Type

North Carolina and Alabama

Etymology

Latin, a band or ribbon

Collection

MSU, NMSU, TAMU

Note

32 miles SE Laredo is in Zapata Co., not Webb Co. based on other records from this date.

Genus Metaphidippus F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1901

Metaphidippus chera (Chamberlin, 1924)

Metaphidippus cheraBreene et al. 1993c: 23, 48, 72, mf (figs 60A-B); Calixto et al. 2013: 184; Jackman 1997: 167; Knutson et al. 2010: 515; Maddison 1996: 315 [S], mf, desc. (figs 33, 186–187, 233, 257, 514–528); Richman et al. 2011b: 31; Richman et al. 2012a: 31; Richman et al. 2012b: 31

Metaphidippus manni (Peckham and Peckham, 1901); Carpenter 1972: 163; Kaston 1978: 262, desc.; Richman and Cutler 1978: 90 [Texas records]

Metaphidippus sp. cf. manni (Peckham and Peckham, 1901); Agnew et al. 1985: 8; Dean and Sterling 1987: 7 [Texas records]

Distribution

Western 2/3 Texas; Archer, Baylor, Bexar, Cameron, Clay, Dawson, Erath, Foard, Hardeman, Haskell, Hidalgo, Howard, Jones, Kerr, Martin, Presidio, Reagan, Robertson, Runnels, Scurry, Terry, Wichita, Winkler

Locality

Anzalduas County Park, Bentsen-Rio Grande Valley State Park, Holmes Pecan Orchard, Lake Thomas, McKelvey Park, Medicine Mounds Ranch, Ramsey Nature Park

Time of activity

Male (January – October); female (March – May, July – October)

Habitat

(crops: cotton, sunflower); (grass: grasses, grassland, meadow); (orchard: pecan); (plants: low annuals and weeds, vegetation, Baccharis); (soil/woodland: desert brushland, mesquite, mesquite brush, mesquite brushland, saltcedar, on tree, trees/shrubs, under bark, willow)

Method

Beating [m]; cardboard band [m]; suction trap

Type

Mexico, Baja California, San Jose Island

Etymology

Greek, widow

Collection

DMNS, MSU, TAMU, WTAM

Metaphidippus felix (Peckham & Peckham, 1901)

Metaphidippus felix Richman & Cutler 1978: 89 [T]; Richman et al. 2011b: 32; Richman et al. 2012a: 32; Richman et al. 2012b: 32

Dendryphantes felix Peckham & Peckham, 1901 [Peckham and Peckham 1901a: 313a, m, desc. (pl. 27, f. 6–6a)]

Bagheera felix (Peckham & Peckham, 1901); Jackman 1997: 167 [wrong generic name used]

Distribution

Hidalgo

Locality

Santa Ana National Wildlife Refuge

Time of activity

Male (October); female (October)

Habitat

(grass: native meadow)

Method

sweeping [mf]

Type

Mexico

Etymology

Latin, fruitful

Collection

NMSU

Metaphidippus longipalpus F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1901

Metaphidippus longipalpusBryant 1933: 192; Richman et al. 2011b: 32 (questionable); Richman et al. 2012a: 32 (questionable); Richman et al. 2012b: 32 (questionable) [F. O. P.-Cambridge 1901: 264, m (pl. 23, figs 12a-c)]

Distribution

Cameron

Type

Panama

[female unknown]

Etymology

Latin, long palp

Metaphidippus texanus (Banks, 1904)

Metaphidippus texanusEdwards 1980: 12 [T]; Jackman 1997: 167

Dendryphantes texanus (Banks, 1904); Petrunkevitch 1911: 642; Roewer 1955: 1216

Icius texanus Banks, 1904; Banks 1904: 116, f, desc. (fig. 15); Banks 1910:72; Bonnet 1957: 2284; Richman and Cutler 1978: 86; Roewer 1955: 1222; Vogel 1970b: 17

Distribution

Hidalgo

Type

Texas (female, Hidalgo Co., holotype, no date, no collector)

Etymology

locality (state)

Genus Mexigonus Edwards, 2003

Mexigonus minutus (F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1901)

Mexigonus minutusEdwards 2003: 70 [T], mf (figs 9–12)

Tylogonus minutus (F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1901); Jackman 1997: 168; Richman 1981: 198

Distribution

Texas

Type

Mexico

Etymology

Latin, size

Genus Naphrys Edwards, 2003

Naphrys acerba (Peckham & Peckham, 1909)

Naphrys acerbaEdwards 2003: 69 [T], 73, mf (figs 5–8); Richman et al. 2011b: 34; Richman et al. 2012a: 34; Richman et al. 2012b: 34

Habrocestum acerbum Peckham and Peckham, 1909; Banks 1910: 69; Cokendolpher 1978c: 118; Cokendolpher and Reddell 2001b: 53; Hill 1979: 194; Jackman 1997: 167; Peckham and Peckham 1909: 522; Petrunkevitch 1911: 655; Richman 1981: 202, mf, desc. (figs 12–15); Richman and Cutler 1978: 85; Roewer 1955: 1120; Vincent and Frankie 1985: 380; Vogel 1970b: 17

Distribution

Southern 2/3 Texas; Aransas, Bandera, Bastrop, Bell, Brazos, Brewster, Cameron, Comal, Culberson, DeWitt, Edwards, Hays, Hidalgo, Hood, Kendall, Kerr, Kimble, Llano, Mason, McLennan, Nueces, Real, San Patricio, Starr, Terrell, Travis, Uvalde, Zapata

Locality

Bentsen-Rio Grande Valley State Park, Estero Llano Grande State Park, Fort Hood, Lost Maples State Park, Lower Rio Grande Valley National Wildlife Refuge, Sabal Palm Audubon Sanctuary, Texas A&M University Rangeland Area

Caves

Bell (Road Side Sink [Fort Hood])

Time of activity

Male (March – April, April 26-May 10, July – September); female (March 4-April 3, March 26-April 2, April – July)

Habitat

(grass: grass); (landscape features: cave); (soil/woodland: live oak, oak-cedar scrub, riparian mesquite forest)

Method

carrion pitfall trap [mf]; flight intercept trap [f]; pitfall trap [mf]

Type

Texas (male, female, Travis Co., Austin, no date, no collector, syntype, MCZ)

Etymology

Latin, rough

Collection

MSU, NMSU, TAMU, TMM

Naphrys pulex (Hentz, 1846)

Naphrys pulexEdwards 2003: 69 [T]; Richman et al. 2011b: 34; Richman et al. 2012a: 34; Richman et al. 2012b: 34

Habrocestum pulex (Hentz, 1846); Agnew et al. 1985: 8; Brown 1974: 236; Jackman 1997: 167; Richman 1981: 200, mf, desc. (figs 2, 8–11)

Distribution

Angelina, Bandera, Bowie, Brazos, Burleson, Coryell, Erath, Gonzales, Hidalgo, Jasper, Nacogdoches, Newton, Sabine, San Jacinto, San Patricio, Tyler

Locality

Bentsen-Rio Grande Valley State Park, Lick Creek Park, Lost Maples State Park, Palmetto State Park, Somerville Lake, Texas A&M University Rangeland Area, Welder Wildlife Refuge

Time of activity

Male (April – September, November); female (May – September)

Habitat

(soil/woodland: anaqua groves, clay soil brushland, hackberry woodland, leaf litter, live oak woodland, longleaf pine managed, post oak savanna with pasture, woods); (structures: side of house)

Method

Blue pan trap [m]; carrion pitfall trap [m]; pitfall trap [mf] (in woods [m])

Type

Alabama

Etymology

Latin, flea

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Genus Neon Simon, 1876

Neon nelli Peckham & Peckham, 1888

Neon nelliBradley 2013: 194; Platnick 1998: 912 [spelling]; Richman et al. 2011b: 35; Richman et al. 2012a: 35; Richman et al. 2012b: 35

Neon nellii Peckham and Peckham, 1888; Jackman 1997: 167 [Gertsch and Ivie 1955: 11, mf, desc. (figs 9–11, 15)]

Distribution

Brewster

Locality

Big Bend National Park

Time of activity

Female (September)

Habitat

(soil/woodland: mixed hardwood leaf litter)

Method

Berlese funnel [f]

Type

Pennsylvania and Canada

Etymology

Person (collector, Philip Nell)

Collection

TAMU

Genus Neonella Gertsch, 1936

Neonella vinnula Gertsch, 1936

Neonella vinnulaAgnew et al. 1985: 5; Bonnet 1958: 3053; Gertsch 1936: 24, mf, desc. (figs 28–29); Jackman 1997: 167; Richman and Cutler 1978: 91; Richman et al. 2005: 213; Richman et al. 2011b: 35; Richman et al. 2012a: 35; Richman et al. 2012b: 35; Roth 1982: 40–5; Roth 1985: B-36–4; Roth 1994: 156; Vogel 1970b: 18; Young and Edwards 1990: 22 [erroneously listed under cotton]

Distribution

Brazos, Burleson, Cameron, Colorado, Coryell, Erath, Hidalgo

Locality

Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge, Riley Estate

Time of activity

Male (May 29-June 5, June, December); female (March 30-April 6, April, May 29-June 5, July, September, December)

Habitat

(crops: peanuts); (soil/woodland: post oak savanna with pasture)

Method

suction trap [m]; pitfall trap [mf]

Type

Florida, Petersburg

Etymology

Latin, delightful

Collection

TAMU

Genus Paradamoetas Peckham & Peckham, 1885

Paradamoetas formicinus Peckham & Peckham, 1885

Paradamoetas formicinusPlatnick 2000 [spelling]; Richman et al. 2005: 209, 212; Richman et al. 2011b: 36 (questionable); Richman et al. 2012a: 36 (questionable); Richman et al. 2012b: 36 (questionable); Roewer 1955: 1223

Paradamoetas formicina Peckham and Peckham, 1885; Banks 1910: 75; Cutler 1981: 210, mf, desc. (figs 1, 6–8, 11–12, 21–22); Cutler 1982: 220, f (fig. 3b); Jackman 1997: 167; Peckham and Peckham 1909: 375; Petrunkevitch 1911: 678; Richman and Cutler 1978: 91

Distribution

South Texas

Type

Guatemala

Etymology

Latin, referring to ants

Genus Paramaevia Barnes, 1958

Paramaevia poultoni (Peckham & Peckham, 1901)

Paramaevia poultoniBarnes 1955: 7 [T], mf, desc. (figs 10–12); Vogel 1970b: 18

Maevia poultoni Peckham and Peckham, 1901; Armstrong and Richman 2007: 396; Banks 1910: 71; Jackman 1997: 167; Petrunkevitch 1911: 668; Richman and Cutler 1978: 87; Richman et al. 2011b: 27; Richman et al. 2012a: 27; Richman et al. 2012b: 27

Maevia poultonii Peckham and Peckham, 1901; Comstock 1912: 694; Comstock 1940: 702; Peckham and Peckham 1901a: 344; Peckham and Peckham 1909: 451; Roewer 1955: 1015

Distribution

Bexar, Cameron, Hidalgo, Kerr, Kleberg, Starr, Travis

Locality

Estero Llano Grande State Park, Laguna Atascosa National Wildlife Refuge, Laguna Madre, Resaca de la Palma State Park, Russell Farm, Sabal Palm Audubon Sanctuary

Time of activity

Male (February 27-March 11, March – April, September – October); female (March – May, July – August, October)

Habitat

(littoral: dense coastal brush); (soil/woodland: palm forest, upland deciduous forest); (structures: inside house)

Method

Boll weevil pheromone trap [m]; flight intercept trap elevated [m]; flight intercept trap on ground [mf]

Type

Texas (male, female, Bexar Co., San Antonio, no date, no collector)

Etymology

Person

Collection

NMSU

Genus Paramarpissa F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1901

Paramarpissa piratica (Peckham & Peckham, 1888)

Paramarpissa piraticaKnutson et al. 2010: 515; Logunov and Cutler 1999: 1230 [T], mf, desc. (figs 11–12, 35–43); Richman et al. 2011b: 37; Richman et al. 2012a: 37; Richman et al. 2012b: 37

Eremattus piraticus Peckham and Peckham, 1888; Banks 1910: 74

Icius piraticus (Peckham and Peckham, 1888); Marx 1890: 571; Peckham and Peckham 1888: 49

Pseudicius piraticus (Peckham and Peckham, 1888); Carpenter 1972: 166; Jackman 1997: 168; Peckham and Peckham 1909: 494; Petrunkevitch 1911: 698; Richman and Cutler 1978: 98 [T]; Vogel 1970b: 20

Distribution

Archer, Hidalgo, Howard, Kimble, Lubbock, Travis, Wichita

Time of activity

Male (September – October); female (June, October)

Habitat

(plants: bush, grapecane in vineyard); (soil/woodland: mesquite, saltcedar, low trees)

Method

Beating [m]

Type

Texas (male, no locality, no date, no collector, MCZ)

Etymology

Latin, pirate

Collection

JCC, MSU

Genus Paraphidippus F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1901

Paraphidippus aurantius (Lucas, 1833)

Paraphidippus aurantiusBradley 2013: 195; Edwards 2004: 5 [T]; Richman et al. 2011b: 37 [S]; Richman et al. 2012a: 37; Richman et al. 2012b: 37

Eris aurantia (Lucas, 1833); Agnew et al. 1985: 8; Bumroongsook et al. 1992: 17; Jackman 1997: 167; Nyffeler et al. 1992c: 3 [Kaston 1973: 118, mf (figs 55–57)]

Eris chrysis (Walckenaer, 1837); Brown 1974: 236

Distribution

Brazos, Burleson, Cameron, Comanche, Erath, Nacogdoches

Locality

Adriance Pecan Orchard, Proctor Lake

Time of activity

Male (May – July); female (March, July – August)

Habitat

(nest/prey: mud dauber nest [f]); (orchard: grapefruit, pecan); (plants: Monarda citriodora); (structures: in lab)

Method

sweeping

Type

Georgia

Etymology

New Latin, orange

Collection

TAMU

Paraphidippus fartilis (Peckham & Peckham, 1888)

Paraphidippus fartilisEdwards 2004: 5 [T]; Richman et al. 2011b: 38 [S]; Richman et al. 2012a: 38; Richman et al. 2012b: 38

Eris fartilis (Peckham and Peckham, 1888); Jackman 1997: 167; Richman and Cutler 1978: 84; Vogel 1970b: 17

Parnaeus fartilis (Peckham and Peckham 1888); Peckham and Peckham 1909: 440, f, desc. (pl. 35, fig. 7)

Dendryphantes fartilis (Peckham and Peckham 1888); Petrunkevitch 1911: 629; Roewer 1955: 1202

Phidippus fartilis (Peckham and Peckham, 1888); Banks 1910: 63

Distribution

Cameron

Type

Mexico

[male unknown]

Etymology

undetermined

Genus Parnaenus Peckham & Peckham, 1896

Parnaenus sp.

Parnaenus G. B. Edwards, pers. comm. [undescribed]; Richman et al. 2011b: 40; Richman et al. 2012a: 40; Richman et al. 2012b: 40

Distribution

Cameron, Hidalgo

Locality

Laguna Atascosa National Wildlife Refuge, Lower Rio Grande Valley National Wildlife Refuge, Sabal Palm Audubon Sanctuary

Habitat

(littoral: dense coastal brush); (orchard: organic grapefruit grove); (soil/woodland: ebony-guayacan association)

Genus Peckhamia Simon, 1901

Peckhamia americana (Peckham & Peckham, 1892)

Peckhamia americanaAgnew et al. 1985: 8; Calixto et al. 2013: 184; Cokendolpher 1978c: 118; Jackman 1997: 167; Matelski 1982: 1; Peckham and Peckham 1909: 368, mf, desc. (pl. 50, fig. 4, pl. 51, fig. 1); Petrunkevitch 1911: 678; Richman et al. 2011b: 40; Richman et al. 2012a: 40; Richman et al. 2012b: 40; Tugmon et al. 1990: 43

Consingis americanus (Peckham and Peckham, 1892); Brown 1974: 236

Distribution

Angelina, Bandera, Brazos, Cameron, Comanche, Erath, Hood, Hunt, Kerr, Montague, Nacogdoches, Robertson, Travis, Tyler, Wichita

Locality

Bill Haney Pecan Orchard, Davy Crockett National Forest, Holmes Pecan Orchard, Kirby State Forest, Laguna Atascosa National Wildlife Refuge, Lake Tawakoni State Park, Lick Creek Park, Lost Maples State Park, Pioneer Park, Sabal Palm Audubon Sanctuary

Time of activity

Male (March – July, September); female (April – July, September – October)

Habitat

(littoral: sedge meadow); (orchard: organic citrus grove, pecan); (soil/woodland: dense coastal brush, palm forest, woods, Juniperus ashei, Quercus buckleyi, Quercus virginiana, Ulmus crassifolia); (structures: in lab, on car)

Method

Beating [mf]; cardboard band [mf]; flight intercept trap elevated [f]; flight intercept trap on ground [m]; Lindgren funnel trap [m]; sweeping [mf]

Type

United States

Etymology

locality (country)

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Peckhamia picata (Hentz, 1846)

Peckhamia picataAgnew et al. 1985: 5; Carpenter 1972: 167; Jackman 1997: 133, desc., 167 (photo 41i); Jones 1936: 69; Kaston 1972: 256, desc. (figs 576–577); Kaston 1978: 245, desc. (figs 623–624); Matelski 1982: 1; Richman and Cutler 1978: 91; Richman et al. 2011b: 40; Richman et al. 2012a: 40; Richman et al. 2012b: 40; Vogel 1970b: 18; Young and Edwards 1990: 22 [Peckham and Peckham 1909: 369, mf, desc. (pl. 51, figs 2–2c)]

Distribution

Archer, Baylor, Cameron, Clay, Dallas, Erath, Montague, Wichita

Locality

Lake Amon Carter, South Padre Island

Time of activity

Male (January, April, June, September – October); female (April – June, September)

Habitat

(crops: peanuts); (littoral: dune, grass marsh); (objects: under decaying burlap bag); (plants: flowering annuals); (soil/woodland: leaf litter, Quercus sp.)

Method

sweeping

Type

North Carolina and Alabama

Etymology

Latin, variegated

Collection

MSU, NMSU, TAMU

Peckhamia scorpionia (Hentz, 1846)

Peckhamia scorpioniaBonnet 1958: 3441; Jones 1936: 69; Peckham and Peckham 1909: 370, mf, desc. (pl. 50, fig. 3, pl. 51, fig. 3); Richman et al. 2011b: 40; Richman et al. 2012a: 40; Richman et al. 2012b: 40; Vogel 1970b: 18 [Chickering 1944: 185, mf, desc. (figs 86–87)]

Peckhamia scorpionea (Hentz, 1846); Petrunkevitch 1911: 679

Distribution

Baylor, Dallas

Time of activity

Female (April)

Type

North Carolina

Etymology

Greek, referring to a scorpion

Collection

DMNS

Genus Pelegrina Franganillo, 1930

Pelegrina arizonensis (Peckham & Peckham, 1901)

Pelegrina arizonensisJackman 1997: 167; Maddison 1996: 297 [T], mf, desc. (figs 160–161, 217, 251, 420–425); Richman et al. 2011b: 41; Richman et al. 2012a: 41; Richman et al. 2012b: 41

Metaphidippus arizonensis Peckham and Peckham, 1901; Milstead 1958: 446

Distribution

Brewster, Terrell

Locality

Black Gap Wildlife Management Area, Blackstone Ranch

Habitat

(nest/prey: stomach of Cnemidophorus perplexus, stomach of Cnemidophorus sacki)

Type

Arizona

Etymology

locality (state)

Pelegrina chalceola Maddison, 1996

Pelegrina chalceolaJackman 1997: 167; Maddison 1996: 291, mf, desc. (figs 139, 211, 383–387); Richman et al. 2011b: 42; Richman et al. 2012a: 42; Richman et al. 2012b: 42

Metaphidippus insignis (Banks, 1892); Agnew et al. 1985: 8 [misidentified]; Kagan 1942: 66 [misidentified]; Kagan 1943: 258 [misidentified]; Young and Edwards 1990: 22 [misidentified, erroneously listed under cotton]

Metaphidippus cf. insignis (Banks, 1892); Cokendolpher 1978c: 118 [misidentified]

Distribution

Denton, Erath, Travis

Locality

Lake Dallas

Time of activity

Male (February – April, August)

Habitat

(soil/woodland: juniper, Ulmus crassifolia)

Method

suction trap [m]; sweeping [m]

Type

Arizona, Santa Rita Mountains, Upper Madera Canyon

Etymology

arbitrary combination of letters referring to color

Collection

TAMU

Pelegrina exigua (Banks, 1892)

Pelegrina exiguaBradley 2013: 196; Maddison 1996: 281 [T], mf, desc. (figs 127, 146–149, 203, 243, 329–337, 342); Richman et al. 2011b: 42; Richman et al. 2012a: 42; Richman et al. 2012b: 42

Metaphidippus exiguus (Banks, 1892); Breene et al. 1993c: 23, 48, 72, mf (figs 59A–D); Dean et al. 1982: 255; Young and Edwards 1990: 22

Pelegrina exiguus (Banks, 1892); Jackman 1997: 167

Distribution

Brazos, San Augustine, Walker

Locality

Ellis Prison Unit, Texas A&M University Rangeland Area

Time of activity

Male (January, April)

Habitat

(crops: cotton)

Method

Boll weevil pheromone trap [m]; pitfall trap [m]

Type

New York, Ithaca

Etymology

Latin, small

Collection

TAMU

Pelegrina flavipes (Peckham & Peckham, 1888)

Pelegrina flavipesPaquin and Dupérré 2003: 198 [new name]

Pelegrina flavipedes Maddison, 1996 [Maddison 1996: 278 (figs 142–143, 201, 241, 319–323, 338–339)]

Distribution

Archer, Bandera, Fannin, Wichita

Locality

Lost Maples State Park

Time of activity

Female (March)

Type

Canada

Etymology

Latin, yellow legs

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Pelegrina furcata (F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1901)

Pelegrina furcataRichman et al. 2011b: 43; Richman et al. 2012a: 43; Richman et al. 2012b: 43 [Maddison 1996: 292, mf, desc. (figs 158–159, 212, 249–250, 388–402)]

Distribution

Texas

Type

Mexico, Orizaba

Etymology

Latin, forked, referring to male embolus

Pelegrina galathea (Walckenaer, 1837)

Pelegrina galatheaArmstrong and Richman 2007: 396; Bradley 2013: 196; Calixto et al. 2013: 184; Cokendolpher et al. 2008: 10, 49; Jackman 1997: 134, desc., 167; Knutson et al. 2010: 515; Maddison 1996: 263 [T], mf, desc. (figs 5, 11, 13, 35, 78, 125, 130–131, 190, 236, 258–263); Richman et al. 2011b: 43; Richman et al. 2012a: 43; Richman et al. 2012b: 43

Metaphidippus galathea (Walckenaer, 1837); Agnew et al. 1985: 5, 11; Breene 1988: 15, 17, 24–26, 35–36, 38–39; Breene et al. 1988: 180–181; Breene et al. 1989: 163; Breene et al. 1993a: 169; Breene et al. 1993b: 648; Breene et al. 1993c: 23, 48, 72, mf (figs 61A-C); Brown 1974: 236; Bumroongsook et al. 1992: 17; Carpenter 1972: 163; Dean and Eger 1986: 143; Dean and Sterling 1987: 7; Dean and Sterling 1990: 403, 405; Dean et al. 1982: 256; Dean et al. 1987: 264, 268; Dean et al. 1988: 287; Hunter 1988: 18–21; Li 1990: 137, 142, 144; Nyffeler et al. 1992a: 1181; Nyffeler et al. 1992b: 1459–1460; Nyffeler et al. 1992c: 3; Pamanes-Guerrero 1975: 42, 60, 63, 81; Rapp 1984: 9; Richman and Cutler 1978: 89; Rogers and Horner 1977: 523; Tugmon et al. 1990: 44; Young and Edwards 1990: 22

Distribution

Eastern 2/3 Texas; Anderson, Aransas, Archer, Atascosa, Bee, Bexar, Bosque, Brazoria, Brazos, Brown, Burleson, Cameron, Carson, Collin, Colorado, Comanche, Concho, Coryell, Dallas, Delta, Denton, Dickens, Duval, Eastland, Ellis, Erath, Falls, Fannin, Fayette, Fort Bend, Franklin, Freestone, Frio, Galveston, Gillespie, Goliad, Grayson, Hamilton, Harris, Hidalgo, Hill, Houston, Howard, Hunt, Jim Wells, Karnes, Kaufman, Kerr, Kimble, Kleberg, Leon, Llano, Madison, Mason, Matagorda, McLennan, Milam, Mitchell, Montague, Motley, Nacogdoches, Nueces, Polk, Potter, Robertson, San Jacinto, San Patricio, San Saba, Scurry, Shackelford, Starr, Taylor, Titus, Tom Green, Travis, Uvalde, Val Verde, Victoria, Walker, Wharton, Wichita, Willacy, Williamson, Wood, Young

Locality

Adriance Pecan Orchard, Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge, Bill Haney Pecan Orchard, Ellis Prison Unit, Falcon Lake State Park, Frontera Audubon, Garner State Park, Gorman Falls, Hoblitzelle Farms, Holmes Pecan Orchard, Lacuna Park, Laguna Atascosa National Wildlife Refuge, Lake Meredith, Lake Tawakoni State Park, Lake Thomas, Lick Creek Park, Nash Prairie, Pantex Plant, Riley Estate, Russell Farm, Sam Houston National Forest, Santa Ana National Wildlife Refuge, Seminole Canyon State Park, Storey Pecan Orchard, Stubblefield Lake, Texas A&M University Rangeland Area, Welder Wildlife Refuge

Time of activity

Male (January – December); female (January – December)

Habitat

(crops: alfalfa, cotton, guar, peanuts, sugarcane); (grass: grass, grassland, grassy and shrub area, pasture); (littoral: playa edge, sedge meadow); (nest/prey: mud dauber nest [mf]); (orchard: citrus, grapefruit, orange, pecan); (plants: bluebonnets, croton, Indian paintbrush, lemon horsemint, miscellaneous vegetation, roadside vegetation, sage, thistle, vegetation, weed, Baccharis, Centaurea sp., Engelmannia sp., Gaillardia sp., Monarda citriodora, Rudbeckia sp.); (soil/woodland: brush, brushy area, chaparral, field, hackberry matte, Juniper, live oak forest, mesquite, post oak savanna, post oak savanna with pasture, saltcedar, sandy area, trees/shrubs, willow, woods, Ulmus crassifolia); (structures: around house, on sheet on clothes line)

Method

Beating [mf]; boll weevil pheromone trap [mf]; cardboard band [mf]; D-Vac suction [mf]; fogging [mf]; irrigation tubing [mf]; pitfall trap [mf]; suction trap [mf]; sweeping [mf]

Eggs/spiderlings

Walker [eggsac laid May 15, 1978, hatched June 1, 18 spiderlings] [TAMU]

Type

North Carolina, Raleigh

Etymology

Greek, the sea-nymph Galatea

Collection

MSU, NMSU, TAMU, WTAM

Pelegrina peckhamorum (Kaston, 1973)

Pelegrina peckhamorumCalixto et al. 2013: 184; Jackman 1997: 167; Maddison 1996: 272, mf, desc. (figs 126, 136–137, 195, 239, 288–293); Richman et al. 2011b: 45; Richman et al. 2012a: 45; Richman et al. 2012b: 45

Distribution

Leon, Robertson, Val Verde

Locality

Holmes Pecan Orchard

Time of activity

Male (May); female (July)

Habitat

(orchard: pecan); (soil/woodland: tree)

Method

Beating [m]; cardboard band [f]

Type

New Jersey, Lakehurst

Etymology

Person (arachnologists)

Collection

TAMU

Pelegrina pervaga (Peckham & Peckham, 1909)

Pelegrina pervagaJackman 1997: 167; Maddison 1996: 276 [T], mf, desc. (figs 199, 240, 309–313); Richman et al. 2011b: 45; Richman et al. 2012a: 45; Richman et al. 2012b: 45

Metaphidippus pervagus (Peckham and Peckham, 1909); Agnew et al. 1985: 8

Distribution

Erath, Hidalgo, Kerr, Kimble, Travis, Val Verde

Locality

Bentsen-Rio Grande Valley State Park

Time of activity

Male (February – August, October); female (February – July, October)

Habitat

(plants: miscellaneous vegetation); (soil/woodland: juniper, trees, Juniperus ashei, Quercus buckleyi)

Method

Beating [mf]; sweeping [mf]

Type

Kansas

Etymology

Latin, wandering through

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Pelegrina proterva (Walckenaer, 1837)

Pelegrina protervaCokendolpher et al. 2008: 10, 69; Jackman 1997: 167; Maddison 1996: 270 [S, T], mf, desc. (figs 2–3, 6–9, 15, 34, 134–135, 194, 238, 282–287); Richman et al. 2011b: 45; Richman et al. 2012a: 45; Richman et al. 2012b: 45

Metaphidippus protervus (Walckenaer, 1837); Brown 1974: 236; Richman and Cutler 1978: 90

Dendryphantes capitatus (Hentz, 1845); Jones 1936: 69

Metaphidippus capitatus (Hentz, 1845); Bonnet 1957: 2810; Vogel 1970b: 18

Dendryphantes octavus (Hentz, 1846); Jones 1936: 70

Distribution

Anderson, Brewster, Carson, Dallas, Denton, Hardin, Nacogdoches, Sabine, San Jacinto, Wichita

Habitat

(grass: grassland); (nest/prey: mud dauber nest [f])

Type

unknown

Etymology

Latin, violent

Collection

MSU

Pelegrina sabinema Maddison, 1996

Pelegrina sabinemaJackman 1997: 167; Maddison 1996: 275, mf, desc. (figs 198, 304–308); Richman et al. 2011b: 46; Richman et al. 2012a: 46; Richman et al. 2012b: 46

Distribution

Gonzales, Hays, Jeff Davis, Real, Scurry

Locality

Lake Thomas, Palmetto State Park

Time of activity

Male (May, December 16-January 26); female (May – June)

Habitat

(plants: roadside vegetation); (soil/woodland: Juniperus unmanaged plot, willow)

Method

Flight intercept trap elevated [m]; sweeping [mf]

Type

Arizona, Showlow

Etymology

arbitrary combination of letters

Collection

TAMU

Pelegrina tillandsiae (Kaston, 1973)

Pelegrina tillandsiaeJackman 1997: 167; Maddison 1996: 305, mf, desc. (figs 225, 254, 472–477); Richman et al. 2011b: 46; Richman et al. 2012a: 46; Richman et al. 2012b: 46

Distribution

Harris

Time of activity

Female (December)

Type

North Carolina, Polluckville

Etymology

habitat (Preferred habitat appears to be Spanish moss Tillandsia, Kaston 1973).

Genus Pellenes Simon, 1876

Pellenes limatus Peckham & Peckham, 1901

Pellenes limatusAgnew et al. 1985: 5, 11; Banks 1910: 68; Broussard and Horner 2006: 255; Brown 1974: 236; Cokendolpher 1978c: 118; Cokendolpher et al. 2008: 10, 49; Jackman 1997: 167; Peckham and Peckham 1909: 561, mf, desc. (pl. 48, figs 2–2a); Petrunkevitch 1911: 684; Richman and Cutler 1978: 92 [S]; Richman et al. 2011a: 50; Richman et al. 2011b: 48; Richman et al. 2012a: 48; Richman et al. 2012b: 48; Roewer 1955: 1135; Vogel 1970b: 19; Young and Edwards 1990: 22

Pellenes townsendii Peckham and Peckham, 1901; Peckham and Peckham 1901b: 218, f, desc. (pl. 1, fig. 9)

Distribution

Blanco, Brazos, Brewster, Burleson, Carson, Comanche, Coryell, Erath, Floyd, Nacogdoches, Presidio, Wichita

Locality

Browning Ranch, Chihuahuan desert, Dalquest Research Site

Time of activity

Male (April – October); female (June – September)

Habitat

(crops: peanuts); (littoral: near playa); (nest/prey: mud dauber nest [f]); (soil/woodland: on ground, post oak savanna with pasture)

Method

pitfall trap [mf]; suction trap [m]; sweeping

Type

California

Etymology

Latin, polished

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Pellenes longimanus Emerton, 1913

Pellenes longimanusHedin and Maddison 2001b: 1514 [Kaston 1948: 462, mf, desc. (figs 1695–1697)]

Distribution

Hidalgo

Locality

Bentsen-Rio Grande Valley State Park

Type

New Jersey

Etymology

Latin, long-handed

Genus Phidippus C. L. Koch, 1846

Phidippus apacheanus Chamberlin & Gertsch, 1929

Phidippus apacheanusAgnew et al. 1985: 5; Bradley 2013: 197; Carpenter 1972: 162; Cokendolpher et al. 2008: 10, 49 (photo 33); Edwards 2004: 89, mf, desc. (figs C55–56, 309–313); Hunter 1988: 18, 20; Jackman 1997: 136, 168; Knutson et al. 2010: 515; Richman et al. 2011b: 50; Richman et al. 2012a: 50; Richman et al. 2012b: 50; Roberts 2001: 51; Young and Edwards 1990: 22

Distribution

Archer, Bexar, Brazos, Brown, Carson, Clay, Coryell, Crockett, Dallas, Donley, Edwards, Ellis, Erath, Floyd, Frio, Gaines, Gray, Gregg, Hardeman, Harris, Howard, Lubbock, Montague, Ochiltree, Potter, Randall, San Jacinto, Smith, Sutton, Tarrant, Taylor, Travis, Uvalde, Wichita

Locality

Medicine Mounds Ranch, Pantex Plant, Wildcat Bluff Nature Center

Time of activity

Male (September – October); female (March – April, September – December)

Habitat

(crops: peanuts, sunflower); (grass: grass, grassland); (landscape features: under rock); (littoral: playa); (plants: bush, cactus, prickly pear, vegetation, weeds); (soil/woodland: mesquite bush, saltcedar, shrubs, trees)

Method

Beating [f]; pitfall trap; sweeping

Type

Utah, Black Rock

Etymology

Latin, “of the Apache”

Collection

JCC, MSU, TAMU, WTAM

Phidippus arizonensis (Peckham & Peckham, 1883)

Phidippus arizonensis F. O. P.-Cambridge 1901: 284; Chamberlin 1924b: 681; Edwards 2004: 40 [S], mf, desc. (figs C11–12, 82–88); Jackman 1997: 168; Marx 1890: 568; Peckham and Peckham 1888: 18; Peckham and Peckham 1909: 419; Richman and Cutler 1978: 95; Richman et al. 2011b: 51; Richman et al. 2012a: 51; Richman et al. 2012b: 51; Vogel 1970b: 19

Phidippus obscurus Peckham and Peckham, 1888; Peckham and Peckham 1888: 16; Peckham and Peckham 1901a: 294; Peckham and Peckham 1909: 431; Richman and Cutler 1978: 96; Vogel 1970b: 19

Dendryphantes obscurus (Peckham and Peckham, 1888); Petrunkevitch 1911: 638; Roewer 1955: 1213

Dendryphantes tuberculatus (F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1901); Petrunkevitch 1911: 643; Roewer 1955: 1204

Distribution

Atascosa, Bexar, Brewster, Cameron, Coryell, Dallas, Frio, Hays, Hidalgo, Jeff Davis, Jim Wells, Karnes, Kleberg, Nueces, Presidio, Refugio, San Patricio, Travis, Uvalde, Wichita, Williamson

Locality

Anzalduas County Park, Bentsen-Rio Grande Valley State Park, Big Bend Ranch State Park, Estero Llano Grande State Park, Ramsey Nature Park, Resaca de la Palma State Park, Santa Ana National Wildlife Refuge

Time of activity

Male (October – November); female (July, October)

Method

Beating [m]; light trap

Eggs/spiderlings

Hidalgo [eggsac collected April 15, 1980; hatched May 3, 9 spiderlings, reared male and female July 1981] [TAMU]

Type

Texas (not listed, Hidalgo Co., Santa Ana National Wildlife Refuge, no date, no collector)

Etymology

locality (Latin adjective derived from geographical name, the state of Arizona, Peckham and Peckham 1883).

Collection

MSU, TAMU, WTAM

Phidippus asotus Chamberlin & Ivie, 1933

Phidippus asotusEdwards 2004: 37, mf, desc. (figs C9–10, 65–70); Richman et al. 2011b: 51; Richman et al. 2012a: 51; Richman et al. 2012b: 51

Distribution

Jeff Davis

Type

Utah, Lynn, Grouse Creek

Etymology

Latin, a sensualist, libertine, debaucher

Phidippus audax (Hentz, 1845)

Phidippus audaxAgnew et al. 1982: 631; Agnew et al. 1985: 5, 11; Armstrong and Richman 2007: 396; Bonnet 1958: 3513; Breene 1988: 15, 17, 23–26, 35–36, 38–40, 44, 49; Breene et al. 1988: 180–181; Breene et al. 1989: 163; Breene et al. 1993a: 169, Breene et al. 1993b: 648; Breene et al. 1993c: 23, 24, 48, 70, mf (figs 56A-C); Brown 1974: 236; Bumroongsook et al. 1992: 17; Calixto et al. 2013: 184, 190; Cokendolpher 1978c: 118; Comstock 1912: 681, desc.; Comstock 1940: 689; Dean and Eger 1986: 143; Dean and Sterling 1987: 7; Dean and Sterling 1990: 405; Dean et al. 1982: 256; Dean et al. 1987: 264, 268; Dean et al. 1988: 287; Edwards 2004: 72 [S], mf, desc. (figs C32–36, 237–243); Guarisco 2008b: 5; Hunter 1988: 18–21; Jackman 1997: 135, desc., 168 (photo 41l); Jackman et al. 2007: 199; Jones 1936: 70; Knutson et al. 2010: 515; Li 1990: 137, 142, 144; Liao et al. 1984: 411; Lombardini et al. 2005: 1378; McDaniel et al. 1981: 104; Nuessly and Sterling 1984: 97; Nyffeler et al. 1987a: 357; Nyffeler et al. 1987b: 1121; Nyffeler et al. 1988a: 55; Nyffeler et al. 1990b: 496; Nyffeler et al. 1992a: 1181; Nyffeler et al. 1992b: 1459–1460; Nyffeler et al. 1992c: 3; Rapp 1984: 9; Rice 1986: 124; Richman and Cutler 1978: 95; Richman et al. 2011b: 51; Richman et al. 2012a: 51; Richman et al. 2012b: 51; Roberts 2001: 51; Rogers and Horner 1977: 523; Sterling et al. 1979: 979; Taber and Fleenor 2003: 238; Taylor and Peck 1975: 90; Tugmon et al. 1990: 43–44; Vincent and Frankie 1985: 380; Vogel 1970b: 19; Woods and Harrel 1976: 44; Yantis 2005: 201; Young and Edwards 1990: 22

Phidippus variegatus (Lucas, 1833); Carpenter 1972: 163; Kagan 1942: 61; Kagan 1943: 258; Peckham and Peckham 1909: 390; Vogel 1970b: 20

Dendryphantes variegatus (Lucas, 1833); Petrunkevitch 1911: 643

Phidippus rauterbergii Peckham & Peckham, 1888; Peckham and Peckham 1888: 22; Peckham and Peckham 1901a: 295; Peckham and Peckham 1909: 429

Phidippus rauterbergi Peckham & Peckham, 1888; Banks 1910: 65; Richman and Cutler 1978: 97; Vogel 1970b: 19

Dendryphantes rautenbergi (Peckham & Peckham, 1888); Petrunkevitch 1911: 641

Dendryphantes rautbergii (Peckham & Peckham, 1888); Roewer 1955: 1204

Philaeus farneus Peckham & Peckham, 1888; Peckham and Peckham 1888: 26

Dendryphantes farneus (Peckham & Peckham, 1888); Marx 1890: 570; Petrunkevitch 1911: 629; Roewer 1955: 1210

Phidippus farneus (Peckham & Peckham, 1888); Banks 1910: 63; Peckham and Peckham 1909: 430; Richman and Cutler 1978: 96; Vogel 1970b: 19

Distribution

Aransas, Archer, Atascosa, Austin, Bailey, Bastrop, Baylor, Bell, Bexar, Bosque, Brazoria, Brazos, Brooks, Brown, Burleson, Burnet, Calhoun, Cameron, Carson, Chambers, Cherokee, Clay, Collin, Colorado, Comanche, Coryell, Dalham, Dallas, Delta, Denton, Dickens, Ellis, Erath, Floyd, Fort Bend, Gaines, Galveston, Goliad, Gonzales, Gray, Grayson, Gregg, Grimes (imm.), Hansford, Hardeman, Harris, Harrison, Hidalgo, Hill, Houston, Howard, Hunt, Hutchinson, Jasper, Jeff Davis, Jefferson, Jim Hogg, Jim Wells, Karnes, Kaufman, Kenedy, Kerr, Kleberg, Lamb, Lee, Leon, Liberty, Lubbock, Lynn, Madison, Mason, McLennan, Medina, Menard, Mitchell, Montgomery, Nacogdoches, Nueces, Orange, Potter, Randall, Robertson, Runnels, Rusk, San Patricio, Tarrant, Taylor, Travis, Uvalde, Val Verde, Victoria, Walker, Washington, Wharton, Wheeler, Wichita, Wilbarger, Willacy, Williamson, Wilson, Zavala

Locality

Adriance Pecan Orchard, Bentsen-Rio Grande Valley State Park, Ellis Prison Unit, Estero Llano Grande State Park, Galveston Island State Park, Holmes Pecan Orchard, Lake Corpus Christi State Park, Lake Creek, Lake Meredith National Recreation Area, Lake Somerville State Park [Nails Creek Unit], Lake Tawakoni State Park, Medicine Mounds Ranch, Nance Ranch, Palmetto State Park, Ramsey Nature Park, Ramsey Prison Farm, Resaca de la Palma State Park, Riley Estate, Rita Blanca Lake, Robert J. Baker Ranch, Russell Farm, Santa Ana National Wildlife Refuge, Stiles Ranch, Storey Pecan Orchard, Welder Wildlife Refuge, Wildcat Bluff Nature Center

Time of activity

Male (January, March – December); female (February – December)

Habitat

(crops: cotton, guar, peanuts, rice, soybean, sugarcane); (grass: grass, grassy and shrub area, grassland, pasture); (landscape features: bridge, culvert, overpass); (littoral: salt marsh area); (nest/prey: mud dauber nest [imm.], retreat under picnic table); (orchard: citrus, grapefruit, Mexican lime, orange tree, pecan); (plants: bluebonnets, croton, Indian paintbrush, in bush, miscellaneous vegetation, on plants, weed, Monarda citriodora); (soil/woodland: under Juniper logs, live oak, post oak savanna with pasture, post oak woods [%: 74, 96], saltcedar, sandy brushland, sandy open prairie, willow, woodland); (structures: garage, in house, on wall, retreat under picnic table, under house eave); (web: large spider web)

Method

5 gallon bucket trap [f]; beating [m]; boll weevil pheromone trap [m]; cardboard band [mf]; fogging [mf]; irrigation tubing [imm.]; moth pheromone trap [m]; pitfall trap [mf]; suction trap [mf]; sweeping [mf]

Type

Massachusetts

Etymology

Latin, audacious, bold

Collection

DMNS, JCC, MSU, NMSU, TAMU, TTU, WTAM

Phidippus bidentatus F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1901

Phidippus bidentatusEdwards and Richman 2005: 138; Richman et al. 2011b: 52; Richman et al. 2012a: 52; Richman et al. 2012b: 52 [Edwards 2004: 71, mf, desc. (figs 232–236)]

Distribution

Cameron

Locality

Russell Farm

Time of activity

Male (March)

Method

Boll weevil pheromone trap [m]

Type

Mexico, Chiapas

Etymology

Latin, having two teeth

Phidippus californicus Peckham & Peckham, 1901

Phidippus californicusEdwards 2004: 57, mf, desc. (figs 162–170); Richman et al. 2011b: 53; Richman et al. 2012a: 53; Richman et al. 2012b: 53

Distribution

Brewster, Loving, Webb

Type

California

Etymology

locality (Latin adjective derived from geographic name, the state of CA, Peckham and Peckham 1901a).

Phidippus cardinalis (Hentz, 1845)

Phidippus cardinalisAgnew et al. 1985: 5; Bradley 2013: 198; Breene et al. 1993c: 24, 48, 70, mf (figs 55A-C); Brown 1974: 237; Cokendolpher 1978c: 118; Dean et al. 1982: 256; Edwards 2004: 64 [T], mf, desc. (figs C47–48, 197–202); Jackman 1997: 136, desc., 168; Kaston 1978: 257, desc.; Peckham and Peckham 1909: 393; Richman and Cutler 1978: 95; Richman et al. 2011b: 53; Richman et al. 2012a: 53; Richman et al. 2012b: 53; Rogers and Horner 1977: 523; Vogel 1970b: 19; Young and Edwards 1990: 22

Dendryphantes cardinalis (Hentz, 1845); Petrunkevitch 1911: 625

Phidippus mccooki (Peckham and Peckham, 1883); Hunter 1988: 18–20 [Texas record]

Distribution

Bexar, Brazos, Brown, Burleson, Comanche, Coryell, Denton, Ellis, Erath, Freestone, Grayson, Hamilton, Hardeman, Hardin, Hidalgo, Johnson, Kerr, Kleberg, Knox, Montague, Nacogdoches, Runnels, Smith, Travis, Walker, Waller, Wheeler, Wichita, Zavala

Locality

Ellis Prison Unit, Lick Creek Park, Medicine Mounds Ranch, Riley Estate

Time of activity

Male (April – November); female (March – June, August – November)

Habitat

(crops: cotton, guar, peanuts); (grass: low grass, sandy grassland); (plants: mixed vegetation); (soil/woodland: ground in woods, post oak savanna with pasture, sandy area); (structures: on fence)

Method

pitfall trap [mf]; sweeping [m]

Type

southern United States

Etymology

Latin, dorsal color (cardinal red)

Collection

DMNS, MSU, TAMU, WTAM

Phidippus carneus Peckham & Peckham, 1896

Phidippus carneusEdwards 2004: 48, mf, desc. (figs C20, 120–126); Jackman 1997: 168; Richman et al. 2011b: 54; Richman et al. 2012a: 54; Richman et al. 2012b: 54

Phidippus johnsoni (Peckham and Peckham, 1883); Richman and Cutler 1978: 96; Taber and Fleenor 2003: 238 [Texas record]

Phidippus formosus Peckham and Peckham, 1883; Carpenter 1972: 162 [Texas record]

Distribution

Archer, Brewster, Culberson, El Paso, Presidio, Wichita

Locality

Big Bend Ranch State Park, Franklin Mountains

Time of activity

Male (September – October); female (January, March, September – October)

Habitat

(plants: agave, vegetation); (soil/woodland: mesquite woodland)

Method

Beating [m]

Type

Central America

Etymology

Latin, of the flesh, carnal

Collection

MSU, NMSU, TAMU

Phidippus carolinensis Peckham & Peckham, 1909

Phidippus carolinensisAgnew et al. 1985: 8; Carpenter 1972: 162; Edwards 2004: 32 [T], mf, desc. (figs C5–6, 36–42); Hunter 1988: 18–19, 21; Jackman 1997: 168; Knutson et al. 2010: 515; Peckham and Peckham 1909: 422; Richman and Cutler 1978: 95; Richman et al. 2011b: 54; Richman et al. 2012a: 54; Richman et al. 2012b: 54; Roberts 2001: 51; Vogel 1970b: 19

Dendryphantes carolinensis (Peckham and Peckham, 1909); Petrunkevitch 1911: 626; Roewer 1955: 1207

Distribution

Bell, Bexar, Cameron, Cherokee, Clay, Comanche, Coryell, Dallas, Dickens, Eastland, Ellis, Erath, Frio, Gillespie, Haskell, Hidalgo, Howard, Kerr, Kimble, McLennan, Montague, Nolan, Nueces, Parker, Potter, Randall, Roberts, Runnels, Sutton, Tarrant, Taylor, Travis, Wichita [Weatherford is a city in Parker Co.]

Locality

Lake Meredith, Nabor’s Lake, Wildcat Bluff Nature Center

Time of activity

Male (June – September); female (April – June, August – October)

Habitat

(grass: grassland); (landscape features: under rock); (plants: roadside vegetation, vegetation); (soil/woodland: mesquite bush, saltcedar, under bark, wild plum thicket, willow, woodland, woods); (structures: retreat under picnic table, window)

Method

Black light trap [m]; sweeping [mf]

Type

Texas (male, female, Erath Co., Stephenville [North Carolina, type mislabeled])

Etymology

locality (Latin adjective from geographic name, the state of NC, Peckham and Peckham 1909).

Collection

MSU, NMSU, TAMU, WTAM

Phidippus clarus Keyserling, 1885

Phidippus clarusAgnew et al. 1985: 5; Breene et al. 1993c: 24, 48, 71, mf (figs 58A-C); Brown 1974: 237; Cokendolpher et al. 2008: 10, 50; Dean et al. 1982: 256; Edwards 2004: 60, mf, desc. (figs C45–46, 184–190); Hunter 1988: 18–20; Jackman 1997: 168; Nyffeler et al. 1992c: 3; Peckham and Peckham 1909: 398; Richman et al. 2011b: 54; Richman et al. 2012a: 54; Richman et al. 2012b: 54; Taber and Fleenor 2003: 239; Young and Edwards 1990: 22

Phidippus rimator (Walckenaer, 1837); Vogel 1970b: 19 [Texas record]

Phidippus coloradensis Thorell, 1877; Peckham and Peckham 1909: 399; Vogel 1970b: 19 [Texas record]

Distribution

Anderson, Brazos, Burleson, Carson, Coryell, Dallas, Denton, Ellis, Erath, Falls, Grayson, Hidalgo, Hood, Hopkins, Houston, Montgomery, Nacogdoches, Randall, Tyler, Walker, Wichita

Locality

Anzalduas County Park, Ellis Prison Unit, Lick Creek Park, Riley Estate, Texas A&M University Rangeland Area

Time of activity

Male (April, June – September); female (May – November)

Habitat

(crops: cotton, peanuts); (grass: grassland, pasture); (littoral: playa); (nest/prey: mud dauber nest [imm.]); (plants: bluebonnets, miscellaneous vegetation, mixed vegetation, weeds, Monarda citriodora); (soil/woodland: post oak savanna, post oak savanna with pasture)

Method

Boll weevil pheromone trap [f]; pitfall trap [mf]; sweeping [mf]

Type

Maryland

Etymology

Latin, clear, evident

Collection

MSU, TAMU, WTAM

Phidippus comatus Peckham & Peckham, 1901

Phidippus comatusCokendolpher 1978c: 118; Edwards 2004: 31, mf, desc. (figs C7, 29–35); Jackman 1997: 168; Richman and Cutler 1978: 96; Richman et al. 2011b: 55; Richman et al. 2012a: 55; Richman et al. 2012b: 55

Distribution

Burleson, El Paso, Jeff Davis

Locality

Franklin Mountains

Time of activity

Male (July); female (May)

Habitat

(soil/woodland: post oak savanna with pasture)

Method

pitfall trap [m]

Type

New Mexico, Las Vegas

Etymology

Latin, hairy

Collection

NMSU, TAMU

Phidippus mystaceus (Hentz, 1846)

Phidippus mystaceusAgnew et al. 1985: 8; Carpenter 1972: 162; Comstock 1912: 684, desc.; Comstock 1940: 692; Edwards 2004: 42 [S, T], mf, desc. (figs C14–16, 89–94); Jackman 1997: 168; Peckham and Peckham 1909: 435; Richman and Cutler 1978: 96; Richman et al. 2011b: 57; Richman et al. 2012a: 57; Richman et al. 2012b: 57; Vogel 1970b: 19

Dendryphantes mystaceus (Hentz, 1845); Petrunkevitch 1911: 637; Roewer 1955: 1213

Phidippus incertus Peckham and Peckham, 1901; Bryant 1942: 698; Emerton 1909: 224; Vogel 1970b: 19

Distribution

Anderson, Archer, Bastrop, Bexar, Brazos, Brown, Burnet, Clay, Colorado, Comanche, Coryell, Dallas, Denton, Erath, Frio, Grayson, Hardeman, Jones, Kerr, Kimble, Lampasas, Llano, McLennan, Motley, Potter, Sutton, Taylor, Travis, Wichita

Locality

Medicine Mounds Ranch

Time of activity

Male (October – November); female (March, September – November)

Habitat

(crops: sunflower); (landscape features: under rock); (objects: on stake in field); (orchard: orange tree); (soil/woodland: mesquite bush, next to croton field, saltcedar shrub, trees, wild plum thicket, Ulmus crassifolia); (structures: side of building)

Method

Beating [mf]; suction trap [m]

Type

North Carolina

Etymology

Latin, with moustache

Collection

MSU, TAMU, WTAM

Phidippus octopunctatus (Peckham & Peckham, 1883)

Phidippus octopunctatusEdwards 2004: 26, mf, desc. (figs C1, 7–11); Knutson et al. 2010: 515; Richman et al. 2011b: 58; Richman et al. 2012a: 58; Richman et al. 2012b: 58

Distribution

Brewster, Howard, Jeff Davis, Montgomery

Habitat

(soil/woodland: saltcedar)

Type

Missouri

Etymology

Latin, 8-spotted

Collection

WTAM

Phidippus otiosus (Hentz, 1846)

Phidippus otiosusBradley 2013: 200; Edwards 2004: 55, mf, desc. (figs C30–31, 154–161); Jackman 1997: 168; Kaston 1972: 269, desc. (fig. 608); Kaston 1978: 257, desc. (fig. 657); Richman et al. 2011b: 58; Richman et al. 2012a: 58; Richman et al. 2012b: 58

Distribution

Colorado, Montague, Newton, Panola, Rusk

Time of activity

Female (March)

Type

North Alabama

Etymology

Latin, free, at leisure

Collection

MSU

Phidippus phoenix Edwards, 2004

Phidippus phoenixEdwards 2004: 51, mf, desc. (figs C19, 137–142)

Distribution

Kerr

Locality

Raven Ranch

Time of activity

Female (June)

Type

Arizona, S Wickenberg, Vulture Mountains

Etymology

Latin, Greek mythology, bird arose from its own ashes

Phidippus pius Scheffer, 1905

Phidippus piusAgnew et al. 1985: 5; Carpenter 1972: 162; Cokendolpher et al. 2008: 10, 50 (photo 34); Dean and Eger 1986: 143; Dean et al. 1988: 287; Edwards 2004: 58, mf, desc. (figs C43–44, 174–178); Jackman 1997: 168; Knutson et al. 2010: 515; Nyffeler et al. 1992c: 3; Richman et al. 2011b: 59; Richman et al. 2012a: 58; Richman et al. 2012b: 58; Young and Edwards 1990: 22

Distribution

Archer, Brazos, Burleson (imm.), Carson, Comal, Erath (imm.), Fannin, Grayson, Grimes, Houston, Howard, Kleberg, Montague, Randall, Sutton, Travis (imm.), Uvalde (imm.), Webb, Wichita

Locality

Garner State Park, Nance Ranch, Pantex Plant

Time of activity

Male (April, July); female (September)

Habitat

(crops: peanuts); (grass: grass, pasture); (littoral: near playa); (plants: bluebonnets, Indian paintbrush, Monarda citriodora); (soil/woodland: bush, saltcedar, Quercus virginianus, Ulmus crassifolia)

Method

pitfall trap; sweeping [m]

Type

Kansas, Manhattan

Etymology

Latin, dutiful, holy, godly, devoted

Collection

MSU, NMSU, TAMU, WTAM

Phidippus princeps (Peckham & Peckham, 1883)

Phidippus princepsBradley 2013: 200; Cokendolpher 1978c: 118; Edwards 2004: 69, mf, desc. (figs C37–38, 221–226); Jackman 1997: 168; Richman and Cutler 1978: 97; Richman et al. 2011b: 59; Richman et al. 2012a: 59; Richman et al. 2012b: 59

Distribution

Wichita

Time of activity

Male (May)

Habitat

(structures: fence)

Type

Pennsylvania

Etymology

Latin, foremost

Collection

MSU

Phidippus pruinosus Peckham & Peckham, 1909

Phidippus pruinosusBanks 1910: 65; Edwards 2004: 36 [T], mf, desc. (figs C8, 59–64); Jackman 1997: 168; Jones 1936: 70; Peckham and Peckham 1909: 433; Richman and Cutler 1978: 97; Richman et al. 2011b: 59; Richman et al. 2012a: 59; Richman et al. 2012b: 59; Vogel 1970b: 19

Dendryphantes pruinosus (Peckham and Peckham, 1909); Petrunkevitch 1911: 640; Roewer 1955: 1215

Distribution

Dallas, Johnson, Llano, Taylor, Travis

Locality

Cleburne Lake, Lake Abilene

Time of activity

Male (July, December); female (March, July, November – December)

Habitat

(soil/woodland: mountain cedar)

Type

Texas (female, Travis Co., Austin, no date, no collector, MCZ)

Etymology

Latin, full of hoarfrost (dorsal cover of gray setae)

Collection

MSU

Phidippus putnami (Peckham & Peckham, 1883)

Phidippus putnamiCalixto et al. 2013: 184; Edwards 2004: 28, mf, desc. (figs C2, 17–21); Jackman 1997: 168; Richman et al. 2011b: 60; Richman et al. 2012a: 60; Richman et al. 2012b: 60

Distribution

Brazos, Burleson, Comanche, Denton, Grayson, Lubbock, Robertson, Tarrant, Wichita

Locality

Bill Haney Pecan Orchard, Holmes Pecan Orchard, Storey Pecan Orchard

Time of activity

Male (July – August); female (July – August, October)

Habitat

(orchard: pecan)

Method

cardboard band [f]; fogging [mf]

Type

Iowa

Etymology

Person (contributor)

Collection

JCC, MSU, TAMU

Phidippus texanus Banks, 1906

Phidippus texanusAgnew et al. 1985: 5; Banks 1906: 98, f, desc.; Banks 1910: 65; Breene et al. 1993c: 24, 48, 71, mf (figs 57A-C); Carpenter 1972: 162; Cokendolpher et al. 2008: 10, 50 (fig. 12, photo 35); Dean and Eger 1986: 143; Dean and Sterling 1987: 7; Edwards 2004: 93 [S, T], mf, desc. (figs C59, 328–333); Hunter 1988: 18–20; Jackman 1997: 168; Kagan 1942: 62; Kagan 1943: 258; Kaston 1972: 268, desc. (fig. 606); Kaston 1978: 256, desc. (fig. 655); Knutson et al. 2010: 515; Peckham and Peckham 1909: 437; Reddell 1970: 407; Richman and Cutler 1978: 97; Richman et al. 2011b: 61; Richman et al. 2012a: 61; Richman et al. 2012b: 61; Roberts 2001: 51; Tugmon et al. 1990: 44; Vogel 1970b: 19; Young and Edwards 1990: 22

Dendryphantes texanus (Banks, 1906); Petrunkevitch 1911: 642; Roewer 1955: 1216

Phidippus peritus Gertsch, 1934; Bonnet 1958: 3525; Gertsch 1934d: 14, m, desc. (fig. 18); Vogel 1970b: 19

Dendryphantes peritus (Gertsch, 1934); Roewer 1955: 1214

Distribution

Archer, Atascosa, Austin, Bandera, Bastrop, Baylor, Bexar, Borden, Brazos, Brown, Burnet, Cameron, Carson, Clay, Coleman, Comanche, Coryell, Cottle, Crockett, Crosby, Dallas, DeWitt, Denton, Dickens, Duval, Eastland, Ector, Ellis, Erath, Foard, Garza, Gillespie, Grayson, Hall, Hemphill, Hidalgo, Hood, Howard, Jim Wells, Jones, Kerr, King, Kleberg, La Salle, Lampasas, Lipscomb, Live Oak, McLennan, Midland, Montague, Nolan, Nueces, Parker, Pecos, Potter, Randall, Reagan, Starr, Tarrant, Terrell, Tom Green, Travis, Val Verde, Webb, Wharton, Wheeler, Wichita, Williamson, Young

Locality

Bill Haney Pecan Orchard, Horne Ranch, Lake Meredith, Matador Wildlife Management Area, Resaca de la Palma State Park, Wildcat Bluff Nature Center

Caves

Williamson (Inner Space Caverns)

Time of activity

Male (March, May – August, November); female (March, May – December)

Habitat

(crops: cotton, peanuts); (grass: grassland); (landscape features: cave); (littoral: near playa); (orchard: pecan); (plants: cactus, Indian paintbrush, miscellaneous vegetation, vegetation, weed, yucca); (soil/woodland: ground, mesquite, post oak savanna with pasture, saltcedar, trees/shrubs)

Method

Beating [m]; pitfall trap [mf]; sweeping [mf]

Eggs/spiderlings

Erath [15 spiderlings] [TAMU]

Type

Texas (female, Brazos Co., September, no collector)

Etymology

locality (Latin adjective derived from geographic name, the state of Texas, Banks 1906).

Collection

DMNS, MCZ, MSU, TAMU, TMM, WTAM

Phidippus tyrannus Edwards, 2004

Phidippus tyrannusEdwards 2004: 90, mf, desc. (figs 314–317); Richman et al. 2011b: 61; Richman et al. 2012a: 61; Richman et al. 2012b: 61

Distribution

Culberson, Floyd

Locality

Montgomery Ranch

Time of activity

Male (October); female (June)

Type

Arizona, Skeleton Canyon

Etymology

Latin, tyrant, despot

Phidippus vexans Edwards, 2004

Phidippus vexansEdwards 2004: 35, mf, desc. (figs 54–58); Richman et al. 2011b: 62; Richman et al. 2012a: 62; Richman et al. 2012b: 62

Distribution

Brewster, El Paso, Presidio, Wichita

Locality

Crazy Cat Mountains

Time of activity

Male (May, November); female (October)

Habitat

(grass: on grass, Bouteloua sp.)

Type

New Mexico, 17 miles N Las Cruces

Etymology

Latin, to annoy, difficulty in collecting specimens

Collection

MSU, NMSU

Phidippus whitmani Peckham & Peckham, 1909

Phidippus whitmaniBradley 2013: 201; Edwards 2004: 79, mf, desc. (figs C49–51, 254–260); Richman et al. 2011b: 62; Richman et al. 2012a: 62; Richman et al. 2012b: 62

Distribution

Burleson, San Jacinto, Travis

Time of activity

Male (July)

Habitat

(soil/woodland: post oak savanna with pasture)

Method

pitfall trap [m]

Type

New York

Etymology

Person (Patronym for Prof. C. O. Whitman, University of Chicago, Peckham and Peckham 1909).

Collection

TAMU

Genus Phlegra Simon, 1876

Phlegra hentzi (Marx, 1890)

Phlegra hentziBradley 2013: 201; Logunov and Koponen 2002: 264 [S], mf, desc. (figs 1–2, 4–7); Richman et al. 2005: 215; Richman et al. 2011b: 63; Richman et al. 2012a: 63; Richman et al. 2012b: 63

Phlegra fasciata (Hahn, 1826); Agnew et al. 1985: 8; Carpenter 1972: 165; Jackman 1997: 136, desc., 168; Kaston 1953: 109, desc. (fig. 265); Kaston 1972: 264, desc. (fig. 597); Kaston 1978: 253, desc. (fig. 646); Petrunkevitch 1911: 694; Richman and Cutler 1978: 97; Roth 1982: 40–6; Roth 1985: B-36–5; Roth 1994: 158; Vogel 1970b: 20

Phlegra leopardus (Hentz, 1846); Peckham and Peckham 1909: 512

Distribution

Archer, Bell, Brown, Burnet, Carson, Clay, Coryell, Erath, Foard, Hardeman, Kerr, Moore, Randall, Travis, Wichita

Locality

Canoncita Ranch, Lake Meredith National Recreation Area, Medicine Mounds Ranch, Palo Duro Canyon State Park, Pantex Plant, Raven Ranch

Time of activity

Male (April – June, August, September 28-October 4, December); female (February, April – June, August, October)

Habitat

(grass: grassland); (landscape features: rocky hillside, under [rock, stone in sparse grass]); (soil/woodland: open semi-arid areas, post oak savanna with pasture)

Method

pitfall trap [m]

Type

Alabama

Etymology

Person (honor arachnologist)

Collection

MCZ, MSU, TAMU, WTAM

Genus Platycryptus Hill, 1979

Platycryptus californicus (Peckham & Peckham, 1888)

Platycryptus californicusHill 1979: 215 [T]; Richman et al. 2011b: 63; Richman et al. 2012a: 63; Richman et al. 2012b: 63

Metacyrba californica (Peckham and Peckham, 1888) [Barnes 1958: 39, mf, desc. (figs 57–58, 61, 64, 68)]

Distribution

Texas

Type

California

Etymology

locality (state)

Platycryptus undatus (De Geer, 1778)

Platycryptus undatusBradley 2013: 201; Bumroongsook et al. 1992: 18; Calixto et al. 2013: 184; Edwards 2006: 210 (figs 107–108); Hill 1979: 215 [T]; Jackman 1997: 168 (photo 41); Richman et al. 2011b: 64; Richman et al. 2012a: 63; Richman et al. 2012b: 63; Tugmon et al. 1990: 44; Young and Edwards 1990: 22

Marpissa undata (De Geer, 1778); Bonnet 1957: 2729; Jones 1936: 70; Kagan 1942: 72; Kagan 1943: 258

Metacyrba undata (De Geer, 1778); Agnew et al. 1985: 8; Barnes 1958: 36, mf, desc. (figs 55–56, 62, 65, 67, 69); Brown 1974: 236; Carpenter 1972: 167; Hunter 1988: 18–19; Kaston 1972: 264, desc. (figs 595–596); Kaston 1978: 252, desc. (figs 643–644); Rice 1986: 124; Richman and Cutler 1978: 88; Vogel 1970b: 18

Distribution

Angelina, Archer, Bastrop, Bexar, Brazoria, Brazos, Burleson, Cameron, Clay, Collin, Comanche, Coryell, Dallas, Deaf Smith, Denton, Ellis, Erath, Gaines, Harris, Hartley, Hays, Hidalgo, Houston, Jim Wells, Kerr, McLennan, Montgomery, Nacogdoches, Palo Pinto, Polk, Potter, Presidio, Randall, Robertson, Sabine, San Patricio, Tarrant, Taylor, Travis, Tyler, Victoria, Walker, Wheeler, Wichita

Locality

Adriance Pecan Orchard, Bastrop State Park, Bentsen-Rio Grande Valley State Park, Bill Haney Pecan Orchard, Camp Tonkawa, Ellis Prison Unit, Holmes Pecan Orchard, Kirby State Forest, Laguna Atascosa National Wildlife Refuge, Lake Corpus Christi State Park, Lake Tanglewood, Lick Creek Park, Lomita Ranch, Resaca de la Palma State Park, Riley Estate, Somerville Lake

Time of activity

Male (January – December); female (January – December)

Habitat

(crops: near cotton); (grass: grassland, sandy grassland); (landscape features: bridge, culvert, underpass, walls of highway concrete bridges); (littoral: dense coastal brush, sedge meadow); (nest/prey: mud dauber nest [f]); (objects: cage outside, under board); (orchard: pecan, pecan tree trunk); (plants: flower, miscellaneous vegetation); (soil/woodland: beech-magnolia forest, juniper, on [bark, ground], tree trunk, trunk of ornamental tree, under bark, willow, woods, Ulmus crassifolia); (structures: indoors, on [bedroom rug, brick wall], screen door, side of building)

Method

Beating [f]; cardboard band [imm.]; flight intercept trap elevated [m]; fogging [mf]; Lindgren funnel trap [f]; malaise trap [m]; moth pheromone trap [m]; pitfall trap [mf]; sweeping [mf]

Type

unknown

Etymology

Latin, wavy lines

Collection

DMNS, MCZ, MSU, NMSU, TAMU, WTAM

Genus Plexippus C. L. Koch, 1846

Plexippus paykulli (Audouin, 1826)

Plexippus paykulliBradley 2013: 202; Hunter 1988: 18; Jackman 1997: 136, desc., 168 (photo 41o); Kaston 1953: 105, desc. (fig. 257); Kaston 1972: 250, desc. (fig. 566); Kaston 1978: 241, desc. (fig. 613); Nyffeler et al. 1990a: 92; Petrunkevitch 1911: 695; Rapp 1984: 9; Richman and Cutler 1978: 98; Richman et al. 2011b: 64; Richman et al. 2012a: 64; Richman et al. 2012b: 64; Vogel 1970b: 20

Plexippus paykullii (Audouin, 1826); Peckham and Peckham 1909: 442, mf, desc

Distribution

Brazos, Cameron, Ellis, Galveston, Harris, Hidalgo, Kleberg, Nueces, Walker, Waller

Locality

Ellis Prison Unit, Estero Llano Grande State Park, Galveston Island State Park, McKelvey Park, Resaca de la Palma State Park

Time of activity

Male (February, April – November); female (February – April, June – October, December)

Habitat

(littoral: salt marsh); (objects: wood pile); (soil/woodland: outside on ground, palm); (structures: abandoned barn, bedroom, in [bed, lab])

Method

Boll weevil pheromone trap [imm.]

Eggs/spiderlings

Brazos [eggsac laid October 10, 1978, hatch November 2; 14 spiderlings] [TAMU]

Type

Egypt

Etymology

Person

Collection

MSU, NMSU, TAMU

Genus Poultonella Peckham & Peckham, 1909

Poultonella alboimmaculata (Peckham & Peckham, 1883)

Poultonella alboimmaculataCarpenter 1972: 165; Cokendolpher and Horner 1978: 135, mf, desc. (figs 1–3, 6–7); Cokendolpher et al. 2008: 10, 50; Hedin and Maddison 2001a: 388; Jackman 1997: 168; Richman and Cutler 1978: 98; Richman et al. 2005: 210; Richman et al. 2011b: 65; Richman et al. 2012a: 65; Richman et al. 2012b: 65

Distribution

Carson, Dickens, Donley, Nolan, Upton, Wichita, Zapata [see note below]

Locality

Falcon Lake, Pantex Lake (edge), Pantex Plant

Time of activity

Male (January, April – August); female (May – September)

Habitat

(crops: Helianthus sp.); (grass: grassland, Bromus tectorum); (plants: low bush, sparse sage, Asclepias aenotheroides, Gaillardia pulchella, Thelesperma sp.); (soil/woodland: mesquite, saltcedar)

Method

Ballooning [m]; beating [mf]; sweeping

Eggs/spiderlings

Upton [eggsac laid late June 2013, hatched mid July, 13 spiderlings] [TAMU]

Type

Iowa

Etymology

Latin, cephalothorax white, dense short white hairs

Collection

MSU, TAMU, WTAM

Note

not Brewster Co. (mistake on map, pers. comm, N. V. Horner).

Poultonella nuecesensis Cokendolpher & Horner, 1978

Poultonella nuecesensisCokendolpher and Horner 1978: 137, mf, desc. (figs 4–5, 8–9); Jackman 1997: 168; Richman 1980: 11; Richman et al. 2005: 210; Richman et al. 2011b: 65; Richman et al. 2012a: 65; Richman et al. 2012b: 65

Distribution

Nueces

Time of activity

Male (April, August); female (April)

Habitat

(littoral: salt-grass); (plants: low vegetation, Gaillardia pulchella)

Method

sweeping [mf]

Type

Texas (male, Nueces Co., Port Aransas, Mustang Island, August 14, 1977, W. W. Dalquest and R. M. Carpenter, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

locality (The specific name is derived from Nueces County, Texas, where the original material was collected, Cokendolpher and Horner 1978).

Collection

MCZ, MSU

Genus Rhetenor Simon, 1902

Rhetenor texanus Gertsch, 1936

Rhetenor texanusGertsch 1936: 25, mf, desc. (figs 25–26); Jackman 1997: 168; Richman and Cutler 1978: 98; Richman et al. 2005: 213; Richman et al. 2011b: 65; Richman et al. 2012a: 65; Richman et al. 2012b: 65; Roewer 1955: 1017; Roth 1982: 40–5; Roth 1985: B-36–4; Roth 1994: 156; Vogel 1970b: 20

Distribution

Cameron

Time of activity

Male (May); female (November)

Type

Texas (male, Cameron Co., Brownsville, May 25, 1934, J. N. Knull, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

locality (state)

Genus Salticus Latreille, 1804

Salticus austinensis Gertsch, 1936

Salticus austinensisCarpenter 1972: 165; Gertsch 1936: 20 (new name); Horner et al. 1988: 260; Jackman 1997: 137, 168; Knutson et al. 2010: 515; Richman and Cutler 1978: 98; Richman et al. 2011b: 66; Richman et al. 2012a: 65; Richman et al. 2012b: 65; Roewer 1955: 1277; Tugmon et al. 1990: 43–44; Vogel 1970b: 20

Epiblemum albocinctum Peckham and Peckham, 1896; F. O. P.-Cambridge 1901: 300, f (pl. 29, fig. 13)

Salticus albocinctus (Peckham and Peckham, 1896); Banks 1910: 74; Jones 1936: 70; Peckham and Peckham 1909: 479, f, desc. (pl. 44, fig. 5); Petrunkevitch 1911: 700

Distribution

Archer, Baylor, Carson, Clay, Dallas, Hidalgo, Howard, Lubbock, Montague, Randall, Travis, Wichita

Locality

Lake McClellan

Time of activity

Female (March – June)

Habitat

(landscape features: concrete dam, rock-faced cliff, under rock); (plants: vegetation); (soil/woodland: open areas, saltcedar, tree trunk); (structures: outside wall of house, overhanging surface, side of building, walls of building)

Method

Beating

Eggs/spiderlings

Wichita [2–5 eggs/sac] [Horner et al. 1988: 260]

Type

unknown

[male unknown]

Etymology

after Austin, Texas

Collection

JCC, MSU, NMSU, WTAM

Salticus peckhamae (Cockerell, 1897)

Salticus peckhamaeBroussard and Horner 2006: 255; Calixto et al. 2013: 184; Cokendolpher 1978c: 118; Hill and Edwards 2013: 51; Jackman 1997: 137, 168; Knutson et al. 2010: 515; Richman et al. 2011a: 50; Richman et al. 2011b: 66; Richman et al. 2012a: 66; Richman et al. 2012b: 66 [Peckham and Peckham 1909: 478, mf, desc. (pl. 42, figs 9–9a, pl. 44, fig. 6)]

Icius elegans (Hentz, 1846); Carpenter 1972: 165 [misidentified]

Distribution

Archer, Brewster, Comanche, Howard, Presidio, Reeves, Wichita

Locality

Big Bend Ranch State Park, Bill Haney Pecan Orchard, Chihuahuan desert, Dalquest Research Site

Time of activity. Male (October); female (June)

Habitat

(crops: sunflower); (orchard: pecan); (plants: pokeberry); (soil/woodland: mesquite); (structures: bush, saltcedar, tailgate of truck)

Method

cardboard band [f]; pitfall trap [f]

Type

New Mexico

Etymology

Person (Icius peckhamae is respectfully dedicated to Mrs. Elizabeth G. Peckham, who, in conjunction with her husband, has done such admirable work on the Attid spiders, Cockerell 1897).

Collection

MSU, TAMU, WTAM

Salticus scenicus (Clerck, 1757)

Salticus scenicusBradley 2013: 202; Roberts 2001: 51 [Paquin and Dupérré 2003: 200, mf (figs 2242–2244)]

Distribution

Coryell, Potter, Wichita

Locality

Wildcat Bluff Nature Center

Type

unknown

Etymology

Greek, tent

Collection

MSU

Genus Sarinda Peckham & Peckham, 1892

Sarinda hentzi (Banks, 1913)

Sarinda hentziBreene et al. 1993c: 24, 48, 64, mf (figs 39A-C); Brown 1974: 237; Calixto et al. 2013: 184; Cokendolpher 1978c: 118; Dean and Eger 1986: 143; Dean et al. 1982: 256; Dean et al. 1988: 287; Galiano 1965: 282, mf, desc. (pl. 2, figs 10–13; pl. 3, fig. 6; pl. 4, fig. 9; pl. 6, fig. 6; pl. 7, figs 8–9); Hunter 1988: 18–20; Jackman 1997: 168; Kaston 1972: 255, desc. (fig. 575); Kaston 1978: 245, desc. (fig. 622); Nyffeler et al. 1992c: 3; Richman and Cutler 1978: 98 [T]; Richman et al. 2011b: 66; Richman et al. 2012a: 66; Richman et al. 2012b: 66; Young and Edwards 1990: 22

Myrmarachne hentzi (Banks, 1913); Kaston 1953: 121, desc. (figs 295–296) [Kaston 1948: 449, mf, desc. (figs 1611–1612, 1625–1627)]

Distribution

Angelina, Brazos, Burleson, Colorado, Comanche, Coryell, Ellis, Goliad, Hidalgo, Hill, Houston, Hunt, Kenedy, Kerr, Lavaca, Montague, Nacogdoches, Rains, Robertson, Titus, Tyler, Uvalde, Walker, Wichita, Wilbarger, Wood

Locality

5-Eagle Ranch, Angelina National Forest, Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge, Bill Haney Pecan Orchard, Ellis Prison Unit, Garner State Park, Holmes Pecan Orchard, Kirby State Forest, Texas A&M University Rangeland Area

Time of activity

Male (March – August, October – November); female (April – August, September 25-October 2)

Habitat

(crops: cotton); (grass: grass, grassland, pasture); (orchard: pecan); (plants: bluebonnets, Indian paintbrush, miscellaneous vegetation, vegetation, roadside vegetation, weed, Monarda citriodora); (soil/woodland: hardwood bottomland, leaf litter, post oak savanna with pasture); (structures: on patio)

Method

Boll weevil pheromone trap at house [m]; cardboard band [m]; flight intercept trap on ground [mf]; pitfall trap [mf]; sweeping [mf]

Type

unknown

Etymology

Person (arachnologist)

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Genus Sassacus Peckham & Peckham, 1895

Sassacus cyaneus (Hentz, 1846)

Sassacus cyaneusBradley 2013: 203; Richman 2008: 33 [T], mf, desc. (figs 17–22); Richman et al. 2011b: 67; Richman et al. 2012a: 67; Richman et al. 2012b: 67

Agassa cyanea (Hentz, 1846); Agnew et al. 1985: 8; Breene et al. 1993c: 22, 48, 67, mf (figs 46A-C); Brown 1974: 236; Dean and Sterling 1987: 7; Jackman 1997: 167; Jones 1936: 69; Richman et al. 2011b: 67; Vogel 1970b: 17

Distribution

Blanco, Brazos, Collin, Colorado, Dallas, Fort Bend, Frio, Hale, Mitchell, Nacogdoches, San Patricio, Tom Green

Locality

Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge, Lick Creek Park

Time of activity

Male (May, July – August); female (May – July)

Habitat

(crops: cotton); (nest/prey: mud dauber nest [f]); (plants: Mexican hat, vegetation); (soil/woodland: juniper)

Method

D-Vac suction [m]; sweeping [mf]

Type

North Carolina and Alabama

Etymology

Latin, color

Collection

TAMU

Sassacus papenhoei Peckham & Peckham, 1895

Sassacus papenhoeiAgnew et al. 1985: 5, 11; Breene et al. 1993c: 24, 48, 68, mf (figs 49A-C); Calixto et al. 2013: 184; Carpenter 1972: 164; Cokendolpher et al. 2008: 10, 50; Dean and Sterling 1987: 7; Hunter 1988: 18–21; Jackman 1997: 168; Jones 1936: 70; Kagan 1942: 69; Kagan 1943: 258; Knutson et al. 2010: 515; Peckham and Peckham 1909: 592; Petrunkevitch 1911: 704; Richman 2008: 28, mf, desc. (figs 1–8); Richman et al. 2011b: 68; Richman et al. 2012a: 67; Richman et al. 2012b: 67; Roberts 2001: 51; Roewer 1955: 1228; Rogers and Horner 1977: 523; Vogel 1970b: 20; Young and Edwards 1990: 22

Distribution

Archer, Brazos, Brewster, Brown, Burnet, Calhoun, Cameron, Carson, Collin, Comanche, Dallas, Denton, Dickens, El Paso, Ellis, Erath, Floyd, Gaines, Grayson, Hale, Howard, Jones, Kenedy, Kerr, Limestone, Martin, McLennan, Midland, Montague, Nolan, Nueces, Potter, Randall, Scurry, Somervell, Sterling, Taylor, Tom Green, Travis, Val Verde, Webb, Wichita, Wilbarger, Winkler, Wise, Yoakum

Locality

Bill Haney Pecan Orchard, Lake Thomas, Pantex Lake, Pantex Plant, Seminole Canyon State Park, White Rock Lake, Wildcat Bluff Nature Center

Time of activity

Male (April – September); female (May – September, November)

Habitat

(crops: cotton, guar, peanuts, sunflower); (grass: grass, grassland); (littoral: near playa); (orchard: pecan); (plants: brown-eyed Susan, Compositae, flower, low vegetation, roadside vegetation, weed, Baccharis, Gutierrezia); (soil/woodland: juniper, mesquite, saltcedar, willow, woodland, Ulmus crassifolia)

Method

cardboard band [imm.]; D-Vac suction [f]; suction trap [m]; sweeping [m]

Type

Kansas

Etymology

Person (We have a number of males and females sent us from Wallace, Kansas, by Mr. Papenhoe, Peckham and Peckham 1895).

Collection

MCZ, MSU, NMSU, TAMU, WTAM

Sassacus vitis (Cockerell, 1894)

Sassacus vitisHill 1979: 217; Richman 2008: 35 [T], mf, desc. (figs 29–35); Richman et al. 2011b: 68; Richman et al. 2012a: 68; Richman et al. 2012b: 68;

Icius vitis (Cockerell, 1894); Peckham and Peckham 1909: 501; Petrunkevitch 1911: 662; Woods and Harrel 1976: 44

Metaphidippus vitis (Cockerell, 1894); Agnew et al. 1985: 8; Carpenter 1972: 164; Jackman 1997: 167; Jones 1936: 70; Kagan 1942: 65; Kagan 1943: 258; Richman and Cutler 1978: 91 [T]; Vogel 1970b: 18; Young and Edwards 1990: 22

Distribution

Bell, Bosque, Brewster, Burnet, Cameron, Dallas, Denton, Erath, Grayson, Hidalgo, Hunt, Jefferson, Johnson, Kerr, Kimble, Llano, McLennan, Palo Pinto, Presidio, Runnels, Scurry, Travis, Wichita, Zapata

Locality

Big Bend National Park, Estero Llano Grande State Park, Lacuna Park, Lake Thomas

Time of activity

Male (April, July – September, November); female (June, August – September, November)

Habitat

(crops: rice); (grass: grass, on ground with sparse grass); (plants: shrubs, vegetation, Baccharis); (soil/woodland: edge of plowed field, limbs of bushes, saltcedar, wheel-ruts of dirt roads, willow)

Method

D-Vac suction [mf]; sweeping [mf]

Type

New Mexico

Etymology

Latin, vine

Collection

MCZ, MSU, TAMU

Genus Sitticus Simon, 1901

Sitticus concolor (Banks, 1895)

Sitticus concolorMaddison 1996: 270 [S]

Sitticus cf. cursor Barrows, 1919; Carpenter 1972: 165; Jackman 1997: 168

Sitticus floridanus Gertsch and Mulaik, 1936 [Kaston 1948: 459, mf, desc. (figs 1686–1688)]

Distribution

Hays, Wichita

Locality

Lake Wichita

Time of activity

Female (January 27-February 24)

Habitat

(grass: open ground in dense grass); (soil/woodland: Juniperus unmanaged plot)

Method

Flight intercept trap on ground [f]

Type

Missouri

Etymology

Latin, for one color

Collection

TAMU

Sitticus dorsatus (Banks, 1895)

Sitticus dorsatusAgnew et al. 1985: 5; Breene et al. 1993c: 24, 48, 67, mf (figs 47A-B); Broussard and Horner 2006: 255; Dean and Sterling 1987: 7; Jackman 1997: 168; Richman 1979: 125 [S]; Richman et al. 2011a: 50 [S]; Richman et al. 2011b: 70; Richman et al. 2012a: 69; Richman et al. 2012b: 69; Young and Edwards 1990: 22

Sitticus absolutus Gertsch and Mulaik, 1936; Bonnet 1958: 4068; Cokendolpher 1978c: 118; Gertsch and Mulaik 1936a: 19, mf, desc. (figs 19–20); Prószyn’ski 1973: 79, mf, desc. (figs 17–19, 22–25, 33–35, 39, 43–44); Richman and Cutler 1978: 99; Roewer 1955: 1250

Sittacus absolutus Gertsch and Mulaik, 1936; Vogel 1970b: 20

Sitticus callidus Gertsch and Mulaik, 1936; Bonnet 1958: 4069; Gertsch and Mulaik 1936a: 20, mf, desc. (figs 17–18); Roewer 1955: 1251

Sittacus callidus Gertsch and Mulaik, 1936; Vogel 1970b: 20

Distribution

Archer, Bosque, Brewster, Brown, Cameron, Coryell, Erath, Frio, Hidalgo, Kleberg, Presidio, Wichita

Locality

Bentsen-Rio Grande Valley State Park, Chihuahuan desert, Dalquest Research Site, Lacuna Park

Time of activity

Male (April – August, August 28-September 4, October – November); female (May – November)

Habitat

(crops: cotton, peanuts); (grass: grass); (soil/woodland: juniper, leaf litter, post oak savanna with pasture, sandy area, under oak); (structures: porch)

Method

pitfall trap [mf] (in sand [f], under juniper [mf], under oak [m]); suction trap [m]

Type

California

Etymology

Latin, dorsal markings

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Sitticus welchi Gertsch & Mulaik, 1936

Sitticus welchiBonnet 1958: 4085; Gertsch and Mulaik 1936a: 21, f, desc. (fig. 31); Jackman 1997: 168; Richman and Cutler 1978: 99; Richman et al. 2011b: 72; Richman et al. 2012a: 72; Richman et al. 2012b: 72; Roewer 1955: 1251

Sittacus welchi Gertsch and Mulaik, 1936; Vogel 1970b: 20

Distribution

Val Verde

Time of activity

Female (August)

Type

Texas (female, Val Verde Co., Langtry, August 18, 1935, S. Mulaik, holotype, AMNH)

[male unknown]

Etymology

Person

Genus Synageles Simon, 1876

Synageles bishopi Cutler, 1988

Synageles bishopiCutler 1988a: 330, mf, desc. (figs 5, 10–13); Dean and Sterling 1990: 405; Jackman 1997: 168; Richman et al. 2011b: 72; Richman et al. 2012a: 72; Richman et al. 2012b: 72

Distribution

Bastrop, Montgomery, Walker

Locality

Ellis Prison Unit, Jones State Forest

Time of activity

Male (April)

Method

suction trap [m]

Type

Pennsylvania, NE Jamison, Neshaminy Creek, Horseshoe Bend

Etymology

Person (Named after Sherman C. Bishop, arachnologist (and herpetologist) from the eastern United States in the first half of the twentieth century, Cutler 1988a).

Collection

TAMU

Synageles noxiosus (Hentz, 1850)

Synageles noxiosusCalixto et al. 2013: 184; Cutler 1988a: 334 [spelling], mf, desc. (figs 1, 7, 18–24); Dean and Sterling 1990: 403, 405; Henderson 2007: 53, 78, 81, 84; Jackman 1997: 168; Richman et al. 2011b: 72; Richman et al. 2012a: 72; Richman et al. 2012b: 72

Synageles noxiosa (Hentz, 1850); Agnew et al. 1985: 8; Cokendolpher 1978c: 118; Hunter 1988: 18, 20; Richman and Cutler 1978: 100

Sarinda hentzi Banks, 1913; Dean and Sterling 1990: 403, 405 [misidentified]

Distribution

Eastern 2/3 Texas; Bastrop, Brazos, Burleson, Coryell, Dallas, Ellis, Erath, Harris, Hays, Hunt, Kerr, Kleberg, Palo Pinto, Robertson, San Patricio, Shelby, Walker, Wichita, Zavala

Locality

Ellis Prison Unit, Holmes Pecan Orchard, Lick Creek Park

Time of activity

Male (March – May); female (March – April, April 26-May 2, June)

Habitat

(grass: sandy-prairie grass); (orchard: pecan); (plants: weed); (soil/woodland: elm, juniper, post oak savanna with pasture, upland woods)

Method

Beating/sweeping [m]; cardboard band [mf]; D-Vac suction [f]; pitfall trap [mf]; suction trap [m]; sweeping

Type

Alabama

Etymology

Latin, injurious

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Genus Synemosyna Hentz, 1846

Synemosyna formica Hentz, 1846

Synemosyna formicaCutler 1988b: 198; Jackman 1997: 168; Richman et al. 2005: 208; Richman et al. 2011b: 74; Richman et al. 2012a: 73; Richman et al. 2012b: 73 [Kaston 1948: 448, desc. mf (figs 1609–1610, 1623–1624); Peckham and Peckham 1909: 366, mf, desc. (pl. 50, figs 1–1c)]

Distribution

Angelina, Kerr, Travis

Locality

Davy Crockett National Forest

Time of activity

Male (April, July)

Habitat

(grass: grass)

Type

North Carolina and Alabama

Etymology

Latin, refers to ants

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Genus Talavera Peckham & Peckham, 1909

Talavera minuta (Banks, 1895)

Talavera minutaAgnew et al. 1985: 8; Jackman 1997: 168; Richman et al. 2005: 213; Richman et al. 2011b: 74; Richman et al. 2012a: 74; Richman et al. 2012b: 74; Roth 1985: B-36–4; Roth 1994: 156 [Kaston 1948: 470, mf, desc. (figs 1738–1739)]

Distribution

Cameron, Coryell, Erath

Locality

McKelvey Park

Time of activity

Male (March 29-April 5, April, April 25-May 2, June); female (May – July)

Habitat

(soil/woodland: post oak savanna with pasture, under [juniper, oak])

Method

pitfall trap [mf] (under juniper [f], under oak [mf])

Type

Washington

Etymology

Latin, size

Collection

TAMU

Genus Tutelina Simon, 1901

Tutelina elegans (Hentz, 1846)

Tutelina elegansChickering 1944: 211 [T]; Jackman 1997: 168; Richman et al. 2011b: 76; Richman et al. 2012a: 76; Richman et al. 2012b: 76

Icius elegans (Hentz, 1846) [Kaston 1948: 488, mf, desc. (figs 1809–1811, 1833–1837)]

Distribution

Jones, Montague

Time of activity

Male (June)

Habitat

(plants: vegetation); (soil/woodland: trees/shrubs)

Method

Beating [m]

Type

southern states

Etymology

Latin, elegant

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Tutelina similis (Banks, 1895)

Tutelina similisChickering 1944: 216 [T]; Richman et al. 2011a: 50 [Paquin and Dupérré 2003: 203 (figs 2276–2278)]

Icius similis Banks, 1895 [Kaston 1948: 489 (figs 1812–1813, 1838–1840)]

Distribution

Presidio

Type

Washington, Olympia; Colorado, Fort Collins

Etymology

Latin, similar to Icius elegans Hentz

Genus Zygoballus Peckham & Peckham, 1885

Zygoballus nervosus (Peckham & Peckham, 1888)

Zygoballus nervosusBreene et al. 1993c: 25, 48, 69, mf (figs 53A-C); Dean and Sterling 1990: 405; Dean et al. 1982: 256; Jackman 1997: 168; Nyffeler et al. 1992c: 3; Richman et al. 2011b: 77; Richman et al. 2012a: 77; Richman et al. 2012b: 77 [Peckham and Peckham 1909: 580, mf, dec. (pl. 50, figs 8–8c, pl. 51, fig. 12)]

Distribution

Burleson, Colorado, Freestone, Hidalgo, Travis, Walker

Locality

Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge, Bentsen-Rio Grande Valley State Park, Ellis Prison Unit, Zilker Park

Time of activity

Male (March – May, August); female (March – April, June, August, October)

Habitat

(crops: cotton); (plants: miscellaneous vegetation, Monarda citriodora)

Method

Boll weevil pheromone trap [mf]; D-Vac suction [f]; suction trap [mf]; sweeping [mf]

Type

New York

Etymology

Latin, for nervous

Collection

TAMU

Zygoballus rufipes Peckham & Peckham, 1885

Zygoballus rufipesAgnew et al. 1985: 5, 11; Banks 1910: 74; Breene et al. 1993c: 25, 48, 68, 69, mf (figs 51A-B, 52A-C); Comstock 1912: 697; Comstock 1940: 705; Dean and Eger 1986: 143; Dean and Sterling 1990: 403, 405; Dean et al. 1982: 256; Dean et al. 1987: 268; Dean et al. 1988: 287; Edwards 1980: 12 [S]; Henderson 2007: 64, 70, 78, 81, 84; Hill and Edwards 2013: 35; Hunter 1988: 18–21; Jackman 1997: 138, desc., 168; Nyffeler et al. 1992c: 3; Peckham and Peckham 1909: 581, mf, desc.; Petrunkevitch 1911: 719; Rapp 1984: 9; Richman and Cutler 1978: 101; Richman et al. 2011b: 78; Richman et al. 2012a: 77; Richman et al. 2012b: 77; Roewer 1955: 1018; Vogel 1970b: 20; Young and Edwards 1990: 23

Zygoballus nervosus (Peckham and Peckham, 1888); Dean and Eger 1986: 143 [misidentified]

Zygoballus bettini Peckham and Peckham, 1888; Brown 1974: 237; Kaston 1953: 115, desc. (fig. 279); Kaston 1972: 265, desc. (fig. 599); Kaston 1978: 254, desc. (fig. 648); Pamanes-Guerrero 1975: 60; Peckham and Peckham 1909: 579, mf, desc. (pl. 50, figs 7–7e, pl. 51, fig. 10); Petrunkevitch 1911: 718; Vogel 1970b: 20

Distribution

Anderson, Archer, Bastrop, Bexar, Bosque, Brazos, Burleson, Cameron, Colorado, Coryell, Ellis, Erath, Falls, Fannin, Fort Bend, Galveston, Hays, Hidalgo, Houston, Hunt, Kerr, Montgomery, Nacogdoches, Polk, San Patricio, Titus, Travis, Uvalde, Walker, Williamson, Wood

Locality

Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge, Bentsen-Rio Grande Valley State Park, Brazos Bend State Park, Ellis Prison Unit, Galveston Island State Park, Garner State Park, Jones State Forest, Lacuna Park, Lick Creek Park, Mansfield Dam, Reimers Ranch Park, Sabal Palm Audubon Sanctuary, Sam Houston National Forest, Santa Ana National Wildlife Refuge, Stubblefield Lake, Welder Wildlife Refuge

Time of activity

Male (March – November); female (February – December)

Habitat

(crops: cotton, peanuts); (grass: grass, grassland, pasture); (littoral: salt marsh, sedge meadow); (nest/prey: mud dauber nest [mf]); (plants: bluebonnets, Indian paintbrush, miscellaneous vegetation, weed, Monarda citriodora); (soil/woodland: buckeye-sycamore forest, disturbed habitat, hackberry matte, juniper, post oak savanna with pasture, roadside vegetation, sandy area, upland woods, woods, woodland, Quercus virginiana); (structures: abandoned shack)

Method

Boll weevil pheromone trap [m]; flight intercept trap [f]; pitfall trap [mf] (in sand [m]); suction trap [mf]; sweeping [mf]

Type

Guatemala

Etymology

Latin, reddish legs

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Zygoballus sexpunctatus (Hentz, 1845)

Zygoballus sexpunctatusArmstrong and Richman 2007: 396; Brown 1974: 237; Cokendolpher 1978c: 118; Dean and Sterling 1990: 403, 405; Jackman 1997: 168; Kaston 1953: 115, desc. (fig. 280); Kaston 1972: 266, desc. (fig. 600); Kaston 1978: 254, desc. (fig. 649); Peckham and Peckham 1909: 583, mf, desc. (pl. 51, fig. 11); Petrunkevitch 1911: 720; Richman and Cutler 1978: 101; Richman et al. 2011b: 78; Richman et al. 2012a: 78; Richman et al. 2012b: 78; Vogel 1970b: 20

Zygoballus nervosus (Peckham and Peckham, 1888); Breene et al. 1993c: 25, 48, 69 (fig. 53); Dean and Eger 1986: 143; Dean and Sterling 1990: 405; Dean et al. 1982: 256; Young and Edwards 1990: 23 [all misidentified]

Zygoballus rufipes Peckham and Peckham, 1885; Dean and Eger 1986: 143; Dean and Sterling 1987: 7 [misidentified]

Distribution

Blanco, Brazos, Burleson, Cameron, Colorado, Comal, Coryell, Fayette, Hidalgo, Lavaca, McMullen, Nacogdoches, San Patricio, Tyler, Walker, Wichita

Locality

Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge, Browning Ranch, Ellis Prison Unit, Estero Llano Grande State Park, Kirby State Forest, Lick Creek Park, Russell Farm, Sabal Palm Audubon Sanctuary, Texas A&M University Rangeland Area, Welder Wildlife Refuge

Time of activity

Male (April – November); female (February, April – October)

Habitat

(crops: cotton); (littoral: sedge meadow); (nest/prey: mud dauber nest [mf]); (orchard: organic citrus grove); (plants: bluebonnets, Indian paintbrush, miscellaneous vegetation, vegetation); (soil/woodland: hackberry matte, post oak savanna, post oak savanna with pasture)

Method

Boll weevil pheromone trap [m]; D-Vac suction [m]; pitfall trap [mf]; suction trap [mf]; sweeping [mf]

Type

North Carolina

Etymology

Latin, spots on abdomen

Collection

MSU, NMSU, TAMU

Family Scytodidae Blackwall, 1864

Note. Species incorrectly reported from Texas

Scytodes championi F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1899; Gertsch 1935a: 9; Jackman 1997: 168; Vogel 1970b: 21 [not in United States, misidentified]

Genus Scytodes Latreille, 1804

Scytodes atlacoya Rheims, Brescovit & Durán, 2007

Scytodes atlacoya : partial data from G.B. Edwards, pers. comm. [Rheims et al. 2007: 96, mf, desc. (figs 7–8, 28–32)]

Scytodes intricata Banks, 1909; Bonnet 1958: 3984; Comstock 1940: 317, desc.; Gertsch 1935a: 9; Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 319; Reddell and Cokendolpher 2004: 91; Roewer 1942: 330; Vogel 1970b: 21 [erroneous identification, see Brown 1974: 237; Valerio 1981: 84]

Scytodes longipes Lucas, 1844; Comstock 1912: 306 [Texas record]; Vogel 1970b: 21 [see Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 319]

Scytodes n. sp.; Agnew et al. 1985: 6, 11; Jackman 1997: 36

Scytodes sp.; Brown 1974: 237 [undescribed species]; Yantis 2005: 202

Distribution

Aransas, Archer, Bexar, Brazos, Burleson, Cameron, Collin, Coryell, Dallas, DeWitt, Erath, Fayette, Harris, Hays, Hidalgo, Houston, Jasper, Kendall, Kerr, Kleberg, Leon, Llano, Nacogdoches, Nueces, San Patricio, Starr, Travis, Washington, Webb, Wichita, Zapata

Locality

Aransas National Wildlife Refuge, Arkansas Bend Park, Bentsen-Rio Grande Valley State Park, El Rancho Cima Scout Camp, Falcon State Park, Iron Wheel Mesa, Sabal Palm Audubon Sanctuary, Santa Ana National Wildlife Refuge, Welder Wildlife Refuge

Caves

Bexar (Strange Little Cave)

Time of activity

Male (February – November); female (February – December)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave, under rock); (nest/prey: mud dauber nest [m]); (soil/woodland: cedar elm forest, hackberry woodland, hollow log, in [branch, dead log], Juniperus managed plot, Juniperus unmanaged plot, live oak woodland, palm forest, post oak savanna with pasture, post oak woods [93%], Red bay-liveoak forest, upland deciduous forest, yucca-Quercus incana association); (structures: cellar, in [house, lab, tent], garage, on house, porch, storeroom, under picnic table, window screen); (web: in webs in trees at night)

Method

5 gallon bucket trap [m]; flight intercept trap on ground [mf]; pitfall trap [mf]

Eggs/spiderlings

Brazos [36 spiderlings] [TAMU]

Type

Mexico, Tamaulipas

Etymology

noun in apposition taken from Aztec mythology; Atlacoya is believed to be the goddess of drought

Collection

MSU, NMSU, TAMU

Scytodes dorothea Gertsch, 1935

Scytodes dorotheaBonnet 1958: 3982; Gertsch 1935a: 9, mf, desc. (figs 10, 13); Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 318; Jackman 1997: 168; Roewer 1942: 329; Vogel 1970b: 21

Scytodes fusca Walckenaer, 1837; Gertsch 1935a: 9 [see Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 318]; Vogel 1970b: 21 [Texas records]

Distribution

Cameron, Hidalgo, Kleberg, Nueces

Time of activity

Male (September – October); female (January, March – June, September – October)

Type

Texas (male, Hidalgo Co., Edinburg, October 22–25, 1934, S. Mulaik, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Person (This fine species is named for Mrs. Stanley Mulaik [Dorothea], Gertsch 1935a).

Scytodes lugubris (Thorell, 1887)

Scytodes lugubris : partial data from G.B. Edwards, pers. comm. [Rheims et al. 2007: 105, mf, desc. (figs 20–22, 90–93)]

Distribution

Cameron, Hidalgo

Locality

Bentsen-Rio Grande Valley State Park, Sabal Palm Audubon Sanctuary, Santa Ana National Wildlife Refuge, Valley Botanical Garden

Time of activity

Male (May, August – October); female (February – March, May, August, October, November 20-December 4)

Habitat

(grass: grass); (orchard: grapefruit); (soil/woodland: debris under banana trees, palm tree, palm forest, under [bark, log])

Method

Beating [mf]; pitfall trap [mf]

Eggs/spiderlings

Hidalgo [21, 44, 50, 60 spiderlings]; [eggsac hatch March 25, 1980, 56 spiderlings, 8 eggs unhatched] [TAMU]

Type

Myanmar

Etymology

Latin, dark

Collection

TAMU

Scytodes thoracica (Latreille, 1802)

Scytodes thoracicaGertsch and Mulaik 1940: 318; Jackman 1997: 168; Vogel 1970b: 21 [Kaston 1948: 65, mf, desc. (figs 17–21)]

Distribution

Hidalgo

Time of activity

Female (March – April)

Type

unknown

Etymology

Greek, markings on cephalothorax

Scytodes univittata Simon, 1882

Scytodes univittataRheims et al. 2007: 106 [S] [Brescovit and Rheims 2000: 323, mf, desc. (figs 11–20)]

Scytodes perfecta Banks, 1898; Gertsch 1935a: 7, f, desc. (figs 12, 17); Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 318; Jackman 1997: 168; Kaston 1972: 86, desc. (fig. 197); Kaston 1978: 88, desc. (fig. 215); Roewer 1942: 330; Vogel 1970b: 21 [Texas record]

Distribution

Brazos, Cameron, El Paso, Hidalgo, Nueces, San Patricio, Travis, Webb

Locality

Franklin Mountains

Time of activity

Male (March – June, August); female (March, May, October)

Habitat

(landscape features: coal mine [4000 feet down]); (structures: in bathroom, bedroom, indoors, on stairway)

Type

Yemen

Etymology

Latin, one stripe

Collection

NMSU, TAMU

Scytodes zapatana Gertsch & Mulaik, 1940

Scytodes zapatanaGertsch and Mulaik 1940: 318, f, desc.; Jackman 1997: 168; Vogel 1970b: 21

Scytodes zapatan Gertsch and Mulaik, 1940; Vogel 1967: 123

Distribution

Presidio, Zapata

Locality

Big Bend Ranch State Park

Time of activity

Female (November)

Type

Texas (female, Zapata Co., 32 miles SE Laredo, November 11, 1934, S. Mulaik, holotype, AMNH)

[male unknown]

Etymology

locality (county)

Collection

NMSU

Family Segestriidae Simon, 1893

Genus Ariadna Audouin, 1826

Ariadna bicolor (Hentz, 1842)

Ariadna bicolorAgnew et al. 1985: 6, 11; Beatty 1970: 458, mf, desc. (figs 38, 42–43); Brown 1974: 237; Calixto et al. 2013: 184; Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 323; Henderson 2007: 61–64, 78, 81, 84; Jackman 1997: 41, desc., 168; Reddell 1965: 176; Reddell and Smith 1965: 33; Vogel 1970b: 21; Yantis 2005: 196, 199

Distribution

Bastrop, Brazos, Brewster, Brown, Cameron, Comal, Denton, Edwards, Erath, Hays, Hidalgo, Hood, Kerr, Lampasas, Leon, Lubbock, Madison, Matagorda, McLennan, Nacogdoches, Robertson, Sabine, Smith, Starr, Travis, Walker, Wichita, Williamson, Young

Locality

Bastrop State Park, Chisos Mountains, Holmes Pecan Orchard, Lick Creek Park, Lower Rio Grande Valley National Wildlife Refuge

Caves

Edwards (Dunbar Cave); Lampasas (Battery Cave)

Time of activity

Male (March, May – July, September – October, October 27-November 11); female (March – May, July – September, December)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave); (littoral: near water); (nest/prey: Neotoma rat nest litter); (orchard: pecan); (soil/woodland: beech bottom, beech-magnolia forest, Juniperus managed plot, leaf litter, post oak woods [%: 80, 85, 93], post oak woodland, riparian mesquite forest, upland deciduous forest, under [bark of pine tree, log, woods]); (structures: indoors)

Method

5 gallon bucket trap [m]; berlese funnel [f]; cardboard band [f]; flight intercept trap [m]; flight intercept trap on ground [m]; malaise trap [f]; pitfall trap [m]; ramp trap [m]; suction trap [m]; tile trap [m]

Type

Alabama

Etymology

Latin, color of carapace and abdomen

Collection

DMNS, JCC, MSU, TAMU, TMM, TTU

Family Selenopidae Simon, 1897

Genus Selenops Latreille, 1819

Selenops actophilus Chamberlin, 1924

Selenops actophilusBradley 2013: 208; Cokendolpher 1982: 2; Crews 2011: 57, mf, desc. (figs 53–56, 198); Jackman 1997: 118, 168; Muma 1953: 14, mf, desc. (figs 19–22); Roewer 1955: 737; Vogel 1970b: 21

Distribution

Brewster, Presidio, Val Verde

Locality

Big Bend National Park, Chisos Basin, Seminole Canyon State Park

Time of activity

Male (April – July); female (April, June – July)

Habitat

(landscape features: under [bridge, rock]); (soil/woodland: running on ground)

Type

Mexico, Sonora, San Carlos Bay

Etymology

Greek, rocky loving

Collection

NMSU

Family Sicariidae Keyserling, 1880

Note.Loxoscelidae became a synonym of Sicariidae (Platnick et al. 1991: 71).

nomen dubium

Loxosceles unicolor Keyserling, 1887; Kaston 1953: 41; Kaston 1972: 88

Genus Loxosceles Heineken & Lowe, 1832

Loxosceles apachea Gertsch & Ennik, 1983

Loxosceles apacheaGertsch and Ennik 1983: 296, mf, desc. (figs 64–67, 92–96) [see note below]; Jackman 1997: 35, 168; Vetter 2008: 152; Vetter 2009: 519; Vetter 2015: 75, 78, 83

Loxosceles arizonica Gertsch and Mulaik, 1940; Gertsch 1958b: 13 [some West Texas records]

Distribution

El Paso, Terrell

Time of activity

Male (March, June, November – December); female (March, December)

Habitat

(objects: trash pile on dry hillside)

Type

Arizona, Portal

Etymology

Indians (Specific name for Apache Indians, Gertsch and Ennik 1983).

Collection

NMSU

Note

Hudspeth Co. mistakenly listed [Gertsch and Ennik 1983: 293], should be El Paso.

Loxosceles blanda Gertsch & Ennik, 1983

Loxosceles blandaGertsch and Ennik 1983: 298 [S], mf, desc. (figs 68–71, 97–101); Jackman 1997: 35, 168; Vetter 2005: 514; Vetter 2008: 152; Vetter 2009: 519; Vetter 2015: 75, 78, 83

Loxosceles unicolor Keyserling, 1887; Kunath and Smith 1968: 51; Reddell 1965: 173; Vogel 1970b: 21 [part]

Loxosceles arizonicus Gertsch and Mulaik, 1940; Gertsch 1939b: 24; Vogel 1967: 121; Vogel 1970b: 21 [West Texas records]

Loxosceles arizonica Gertsch and Mulaik, 1940; Gertsch 1958b: 13 [some West Texas records]

Distribution

Brewster, Crockett, Jeff Davis, Midland, Presidio, Terrell, Terry, Val Verde

Locality

Big Bend National Park, Big Bend Ranch State Park, Chisos Basin, Chisos Mountains

Caves

Terrell (Bendele’s Uncave); Val Verde (Oriente Milestone Molasses Bat Cave, Seminole Sink)

Time of activity

Male (March – June, September – October); female (March, May, July, September – October)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave, under [rock, rocks on trail]); (structures: in house)

Type

Texas (male, Terrell Co., Sanderson, May 26, 1952, W. J. Gertsch, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Latin, flattering

Collection

MSU, NMSU, TAMU, TMM

Loxosceles devia Gertsch & Mulaik, 1940

Loxosceles deviaGertsch 1958b: 11, mf (figs 7–8, 12–14, 16–20, 24–26); Gertsch and Ennik 1983: 289, 339, mf, desc. (figs 1–7, 12–15, 28–31, 42–46); Jackman 1997: 35, 168; Reddell 1965: 173; Taber and Fleenor 2003: 234; Vetter 2008: 152; Vetter 2009: 519; Vetter 2015: 75, 78, 83; Vogel 1970b: 21

Loxosceles devius Gertsch and Mulaik, 1940; Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 316, mf, desc; Vogel 1967: 122

Loxosceles arizonicus Gertsch and Mulaik, 1940; Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 317 [Hidalgo Co. record]; Vogel 1970b: 21 [South Texas record]

Distribution

Central and south Texas; Bexar, Brewster, Brooks, Cameron, Frio, Hidalgo, Jim Wells, Kenedy, Kerr, McLennan, Nueces, Real, San Augustine, San Patricio, Starr, Terrell, Uvalde, Webb, Wilson, Zapata

Locality

Bentsen-Rio Grande Valley State Park, Green Island Bird Refuge, La Mesa Ranch, Laguna Madre, Lake Corpus Christi, Raven Ranch, Sabal Palm Audubon Sanctuary

Caves

Real (Turkey Pens Cave); Uvalde (Tampke Ranch Cave)

Time of activity

Male (February – June, August, September 25-October 2, October – December); female (January – August, October – December)

Habitat

(grass: grass); (landscape features: cave, under [rock, rock in arroya bed]); (nest/prey: nest of Neotoma micropus [mf]); (objects: under board of dumpsite); (structures: on floor under box in bedroom); (soil/woodland: scrub forest)

Method

pitfall trap [m]

Type

Texas (male, Hidalgo Co., Edinburg, December 1933, S. Mulaik, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Latin, distinct from Loxosceles unicolor Keyserling, 1887 (nomen dubium)

Collection

MCZ, NMSU, TAMU, TMM

Loxosceles reclusa Gertsch & Mulaik, 1940

Loxosceles reclusaAgnew et al. 1985: 6; Brown 1974: 234; Cokendolpher and Reddell 2001b: 53; Cokendolpher et al. 1979: 729; Gertsch 1958b: 7, mf, desc., (figs 4–6, 9–10, 21–23, 91–93); Gertsch and Ennik 1983: 285, mf, desc. (figs 8–11, 16, 20–23, 36–41); Henderson 2007: 64, 78, 81, 85; Horner 1967: 6; Horner and Stewart 1967: 334; Jackman 1997: 34, desc., 168 (photo 7a); Kaston 1972: 87, desc. (fig. 199); Kaston 1978: 89, desc. (fig. 217); Reddell 1970: 406; Reddell and Cokendolpher 2004: 91; Roberts 2001: 48; Sandidge and Hopwood 2005: 101; Taber and Fleenor 2003: 233; Tugmon et al. 1990: 43; Vetter 2005: 514; Vetter 2008: 152; Vetter 2009: 519; Vetter 2015: 74–75, 78; Vogel 1970b: 21; Yantis 2005: 67, 197, 201

Loxosceles rufipes (Lucas, 1834); Jones 1936: 69 [Texas record]

Loxosceles reclusus Gertsch and Mulaik, 1940; Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 317, mf, desc

Loxosceles reculsus Gertsch and Mulaik, 1940; Vogel 1967: 122

Distribution

Widespread (not south or west Texas); Anderson, Archer, Bastrop, Bell, Bexar, Bowie, Brazos, Burnet, Cooke, Dallas, Denton, Erath, Grayson, Hamilton, Harrison, Hill, Houston, Jack, Leon, Llano, Lubbock, McLennan, Montague, Palo Pinto, Polk, Potter, Robertson, Shelby, Tarrant, Throckmorton, Tom Green, Travis, Uvalde, Wichita, Wilson, Wise, Young

Locality

Buescher State Park, Fort Hood, Holmes Pecan Orchard, Lick Creek Park, Texas A&M University Rangeland Area, Wildcat Bluff Nature Center

Caves

Bell (Seven Cave [Fort Hood]); Bexar (Roan’s Cave); Uvalde (Tampke Ranch Cave)

Time of activity

Male (February – December); female (January, March – October, December)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave); (objects: in stacks of wood or posts, outdoors under sacks, under [board, corrugated metal, rocks]); (soil/woodland: in decaying logs, pine woods [%: 69, 82, 88, 99], post oak woods [%: 77, 80, 82, 85, 90], under [bark, log], upland woods, woods); (structures: building, closet, corner of apartment, garages and closets of homes, in house, lumber yard, under miscellaneous rubbish in old barns and sheds, warehouse)

Method

5 gallon bucket trap [mf]; pitfall trap [mf]

Type

Texas (male, Travis Co., Austin, September 1909, no collector, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Latin, hide

Collection

DMNS, JCC, MCZ, MSU, TAMU, TMM

Loxosceles rufescens (Dufour, 1820)

Loxosceles rufescensGertsch 1958b: 31, mf, desc. (figs 60–62, 73); Gertsch 1967: 128; Gertsch and Ennik 1983: 353, mf, desc. (figs 341–343, 348–351); Jackman 1997: 35, 168; Jones 1936: 69; Petrunkevitch 1911: 118

Distribution

Dallas, Galveston, Harris, Lubbock

Time of activity

Female (July – August)

Habitat

(structures: in building)

Type

Spain, Valencia Province, Sagunto

Etymology

Latin, reddish-brown

Family Sparassidae Bertkau, 1872

Note. transferred from Heteropodidae (Jäger 1999)

Genus Curicaberis Rheims, 2015

Curicaberis ferrugineus (C. L. Koch, 1836)

Curicaberis ferrugineusRheims 2015: 424, mf, desc. (figs 51–54)

Distribution

Cameron

Time of activity

Male (February); female (April)

Habitat

(soil/woodland: palm grove)

Type

Mexico, Veracruz, Pico de Orizaba

Etymology

Latin, rust colored, dusky

Genus Heteropoda Latreille, 1804

Heteropoda venatoria (Linnaeus, 1767)

Heteropoda venatoriaBradley 2013: 212; Broussard and Horner 2006: 255; Gertsch 1979: 206; Jackman 1997: 199, desc.; Kaston 1972: 235, desc. (fig. 530); Kaston 1978: 226, desc. (fig. 577); Richman et al. 2011a: 49 [Jäger 2014: 147, mf, (fig. 1–26)]

Distribution

Brewster, Cameron, Harris, Nueces, Presidio

Locality

Chihuahuan desert, Dalquest Research Site, Houston Zoo

Time of activity

Male (April, June, “September/October”); female (February, June)

Habitat

(structures: in bathroom, inside house)

Method

pitfall trap [m]

Eggs/spiderlings

Nueces [received female June 28, 2004, eggsac hatch July 4–9, 191 spiderlings] [TAMU]

Type

unknown

Etymology

Latin, hunter

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Genus Olios Walckenaer, 1837

Note. Species incorrectly reported from Texas Olios fasciculatus Simon, 1880; Gertsch 1979: 206 (West Texas) [not native to Nearctic and mislabeled, Rheims 2010: 530]

Olios giganteus Keyserling, 1884

Olios giganteusBradley 2013: 212; Rheims 2010: 535, mf, desc. (figs 13–16, 20)

Distribution

Cameron

Type

New Mexico, Punta del Agua

Etymology

Latin, size

Family Symphytognathidae Hickman, 1931

Genus Anapistula Gertsch, 1941

Anapistula secreta Gertsch, 1941

Anapistula secreta [Forster and Platnick 1977: 22, mf, desc. (figs 19, 57–61); Gertsch 1941a: 2, f, desc. (figs 14–17)]

Distribution

Travis, Williamson

Caves

Travis (Tooth Cave); Williamson (Electro-Mag Cave, Shell Cave)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave)

Type

Panama, Barro Colorado Island

Etymology

Latin, secretive

Collection

TMM

Note

James Reddell (pers. comm.) stated that egg sacs are laid in irregular horizontal webs in small pockets in flowstone or rocks in total darkness with one egg per sac.

Family Tengellidae Dahl, 1908

Genus Lauricius Simon, 1888

Note. transferred from Clubionidae to Tengellidae (Brignoli 1983: 534) and to Zoropsidae (Polotow et al. 2015: 152)

Family Tetragnathidae Menge, 1866
Genus Azilia Keyserling, 1881

Azilia affinis O. P.-Cambridge, 1893

Azilia affinisJackman 1997: 168; Levi 1980: 72, mf, desc. (figs 290–308); Levi 2005b: 234; Roth 1982: 11–3; Roth 1985: B-6–2, B-6–9; Roth 1994: 170

Distribution

East and south Texas

Type

Mexico, Tabasco, Teapa

Etymology

Latin, allied to Azilia guatemalensis O. P.-Cambridge, 1889

Genus Glenognatha Simon, 1887

Glenognatha foxi (McCook, 1894)

Glenognatha foxiAgnew et al. 1985: 3; Breene et al. 1993c: 25, 48, 107, mf (figs 167A-C); Bumroongsook et al. 1992: 17; Calixto et al. 2013: 184; Dean and Eger 1986: 141; Dean and Sterling 1985: 117; Dean and Sterling 1987: 6; Dean and Sterling 1990: 402, 404; Dean and Sterling 1992: 3–4; Dean et al. 1988: 286; Dondale et al. 2003: 48, mf, desc. (figs 36–43); Jackman 1997: 168; Levi 1980: 68 [S], mf, desc. (figs 272–284); Liao et al. 1984: 410; Young and Edwards 1990: 15

Mimognatha foxi McCook, 1894; Kagan 1942: 38; Kagan 1943: 258

Distribution

Widespread; Brazos, Burleson, Cameron, Collin, Colorado, Coryell, Delta, Denton, Erath, Fort Bend, Hidalgo, Hill, Houston, Kaufman, McLennan, Nueces, Polk, Presidio, Robertson, San Patricio, Travis (imm.), Walker, Wharton, Wichita, Williamson

Locality

5-Eagle Ranch, Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge, Ellis Prison Unit, Holmes Pecan Orchard, NK Ranch

Time of activity

Male (January – December); female (February – December)

Habitat

(crops: cotton, peanuts); (grass: grass, grassland, pasture); (orchard: pecan); (plants: bluebonnets, Indian paintbrush, miscellaneous vegetation, Baccharis); (soil/woodland: post oak savanna with pasture, Juniperus ashei)

Method

cardboard band [m]; D-Vac suction [mf]; fogging [mf]; pitfall trap [mf]; ramp trap [mf]; suction trap [mf]; sweeping [mf]; tile trap [mf]

Type

unknown

Etymology

Person

Collection

MCZ, MSU, TAMU

Genus Leucauge White, 1841

Leucauge venusta (Walckenaer, 1841)

Leucauge venustaAgnew et al. 1985: 7; Breene et al. 1993b: 648; Brown 1974: 232; Cokendolpher and Reddell 2001b: 54; Dean and Eger 1986: 141; Dean and Sterling 1990: 404; Dondale et al. 2003: 51, mf, desc. (figs 44–51); Jackman 1997: 66, desc., 168; Kaston 1953: 197, desc. (fig. 483); Kaston 1972: 141, desc. (fig. 315); Kaston 1978: 135, desc. (fig. 338); Levi 1980: 25 [T], mf, desc. (figs 44–59); Reddell 1970: 404; Reddell and Cokendolpher 2004: 91; Roth 1994: 170; Taber and Fleenor 2003: 236; Vogel 1970b: 5

Argyroepeira venusta (Walckenaer, 1841); McCook 1893: 242

Distribution

Eastern ½ Texas; Archer, Bastrop, Bell, Brazos, Cameron, Comal, Edwards, Erath, Grimes, Hidalgo, Houston, Hunt, Montgomery, Nacogdoches, Red River, Travis, Upshur, Walker

Locality

Buescher State Park, Ellis Prison Unit, Fort Hood, Lake Tawakoni State Park, Lick Creek Park, Sam Houston National Forest, Santa Ana National Wildlife Refuge, Stubblefield Lake

Caves

Bell ([all Fort Hood] C. B. Cave, Keilman Cave, Violet Cave); Comal (Little Gem Cave No. 1); Edwards (Devil’s Sinkhole); Travis (La Crosse Cave [questionable])

Time of activity

Male (April); female (April – November)

Habitat

(crops: sugarcane); (grass: grasses, pasture); (landscape features: cave); (littoral: creek bank); (nest/prey: mud dauber nest [f] Chalybion californicum); (plants: Indian paintbrush); (soil/woodland: oak, palm forest margin [resaca bank], trees/shrubs, Quercus buckleyi); (web: web between shrub)

Method

Beating [mf]; beating/sweeping [f]; suction trap [f]; sweeping [mf]

Type

Georgia

Etymology

Latin, elegant or charming

Collection

DMNS, MSU, TAMU, TMM

Genus Metellina Chamberlin & Ivie, 1941

Metellina mimetoides Chamberlin & Ivie, 1941

Metellina mimetoidesBradley 2013: 218; Dondale et al. 2003: 109, mf, desc. (figs 235–239); Levi 1980: 36 [T], mf, desc. (figs 87–94)

Meta mimetoides Chamberlin and Ivie, 1941; Jackman 1997: 168

Meta sp.; Reddell 1965: 170; Reddell 1970: 404; Vogel 1970b: 5

Distribution

North and southwest Texas; Bandera, Collingsworth, Hardeman, King, Medina, San Saba, Uvalde, Wheeler

Caves

Bandera (Tucker’s Fissure, Garrison Hilltop Cave); Collingsworth (Bumpas Cave); Hardeman (Walkup Cave); King (River Styx Cave); Medina (Davenport Cave); San Saba (Davenport Cave [questionable], Wedge Cave [questionable]); Uvalde (Tampke Ranch Cave); Wheeler (Big Mouth Cave)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave)

Type

California, Mount Diablo

Etymology

Greek-Latin, mimic-like

Collection

TMM

Genus Pachygnatha Sundevall, 1823

Pachygnatha autumnalis Marx, 1884

Pachygnatha autumnalis [Levi 1980: 58, mf, desc. (figs 155, 158–159, 202–213)]

Distribution

Colorado

Locality

Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge

Time of activity

Male (May, August)

Habitat

(soil/woodland: post oak savanna with pasture)

Method

pitfall trap [m]

Type

Pennsylvania, Harrisburg

Etymology

collected in autumn (November)

Collection

TAMU

Pachygnatha tristriata C. L. Koch, 1845

Pachygnatha tristriataDondale et al. 2003: 98, mf, desc. (figs 195–204); Henderson 2007: 54, 61–63, 78, 81, 85; Jackman 1997: 168; Kaston 1953: 198, desc. (fig. 485); Kaston 1972: 168, desc. (fig. 371); Kaston 1978: 161, desc. (fig. 400); Levi 1980: 60 [S], mf, desc. (figs 238–250); McCook 1893: 270; Petrunkevitch 1911: 384

Distribution

Southeast Texas; Brazos, Montgomery

Locality

Lick Creek Park

Time of activity

Male (June); female (April, May 27-June 15, June)

Habitat

(littoral: near river); (soil/woodland: disturbed habitat, post oak woodland, upland woods)

Method

pitfall trap [mf]

Type

Pennsylvania

Etymology

Greek, for three stripes

Collection

MCZ, TAMU

Genus Tetragnatha Latreille, 1804

Tetragnatha caudata Emerton, 1884

Tetragnatha caudataJackman 1997: 168; Levi 1981a: 310 [T], mf, desc. (figs 140–148)

Eucta lacerta (Walckenaer, 1837); McCook 1893: 266

Eucta caudata Emerton, 1884; Marx 1890: 552

Distribution

North Texas; Jefferson

Time of activity

Male (July)

Type

Massachusetts, Malden

Etymology

Latin, shape of abdomen (tail)

Collection

MCZ

Note

Dondale et al. 2003 (page 60) labels map 6 as caudata but is actually T. pallescens (see map 8).

Tetragnatha elongata Walckenaer, 1841

Tetragnatha elongataAgnew et al. 1985: 7; Brown 1974: 237; Dondale et al. 2003: 83, mf, desc. (figs 144–156); Jackman 1997: 168; Jones 1936: 70; Levi 1981a: 300, mf, desc. (figs 74–89); McKenzie and Reddell 1964: 7; Reddell 1965: 170; Seeley 1928: 109; Vogel 1970b: 21

Distribution

Eastern ½ Texas; Archer, Bell, Brown, Burleson, Clay, Comanche, Dallas, Erath, Harrison, Kerr, Lee, Nacogdoches (imm.), Travis, Wichita

Locality

Proctor Lake

Caves

Bell (Adam’s Gold Mine)

Time of activity

Male (March – June, October – November); female (March – May, August – September)

Habitat

(grass: grass); (landscape features: cave); (littoral: brush pile by creek); (web: web in grass by creek)

Method

sweeping [m]

Type

Carolina’s (of 1841)

Etymology

Latin, long jaws

Collection

DMNS, MSU, TAMU, TMM

Tetragnatha extensa (Linnaeus, 1758)

Tetragnatha extensa [Levi 1981a: 298, mf, desc. (figs 56–64)]

Distribution

Jack, Kerr

Type

Sweden

Etymology

Latin, stretched out

Collection

MSU

Tetragnatha guatemalensis O. P.-Cambridge, 1889

Tetragnatha guatemalensisAgnew et al. 1985: 7; Bradley 2013: 220; Dondale et al. 2003: 81, mf, desc. (figs 134–143); Guarisco 2008b: 5; Jackman 1997: 168; Jackman et al. 2007: 199; Knutson et al. 2010: 516; Levi 1981a: 296 [S], mf, desc. (figs 46–55); Rapp 1984: 5; Rice 1986: 124

Tetragnatha seneca Seeley, 1928; Brown 1974: 237

Tetragnatha laudativa Gertsch and Mulaik, 1936; Bonnet 1959: 4337; Gertsch and Mulaik 1936b: 15, mf, desc. (figs 33–35); Roewer 1942: 993; Vogel 1970b: 22

Distribution

North-central and south Texas; Archer, Cameron, Clay, Comanche, Dallas, Galveston, Hidalgo, Hood, Howard, Hunt, Kerr, Kleberg, Lee, Limestone, Nacogdoches, San Patricio, Travis, Wharton, Wichita

Locality

Arkansas Bend Park, Frontera Audubon, Galveston Island State Park, Lake Corpus Christi State Park, Lake Limestone, Lake Rayburn, Lake Somerville State Park [Nails Creek Unit], Lake Tawakoni State Park, Lakeside Park South, Proctor Lake, Sabal Palm Audubon Sanctuary, Starnes Island

Time of activity

Male (June – December); female (March, June – December)

Habitat

(grass: grass, grassy and shrub area); (littoral: salt marsh); (orchard: grapefruit, orange); (soil/woodland: saltcedar, under log); (structures: outside house); (web: large spider web, on communal web, trees overhanging town lake)

Method

Beating [mf]; D-Vac suction [mf]

Type

Guatemala

Etymology

locality (country)

Collection

MSU, NMSU, TAMU, TTU

Tetragnatha laboriosa Hentz, 1850

Tetragnatha laboriosaAgnew et al. 1982: 631; Agnew et al. 1985: 4, 9; Bonnet 1959: 4335; Breene 1988: 23–26; Breene et al. 1988: 180–181; Breene et al. 1993a: 169; Breene et al. 1993c: 25, 48, 108, mf (figs 168A-C); Bumroongsook et al. 1992: 17; Calixto et al. 2013: 184, 190; Cokendolpher et al. 2008: 10, 52 (fig. 13, photo 36); Dean and Eger 1986: 141; Dean and Sterling 1985: 117; Dean and Sterling 1987: 6; Dean and Sterling 1990: 402, 404; Dean and Sterling 1992: 3–4; Dean et al. 1982: 254; Dean et al. 1987: 268; Dean et al. 1988: 286; Dondale et al. 2003: 74, mf, desc. (figs 106–114); Jackman 1997: 68, 168, desc. (photo 20d); Jones 1936: 70; Kagan 1942: 33; Kagan 1943: 258; Knutson and Gilstrap 1989: 514; Knutson et al. 2010: 515; Levi 1981a: 308, mf, desc. (figs 16–22, 120–128); Liao et al. 1984: 410; McCook 1893: 262; Milstead 1958: 445; Nyffeler and Sterling 1994: 1295, 1298; Nyffeler et al. 1987b: 1119; Nyffeler et al. 1987c: 372; Nyffeler et al. 1988a: 55; Nyffeler et al. 1989: 374, 377; Nyffeler et al. 1992b: 1459–1460; Nyffeler et al. 1992c: 2; Rapp 1984: 5; Roberts 2001: 48; Rogers and Horner 1977: 523; Seeley 1928: 123; Vogel 1970b: 22; Woods and Harrel 1976: 43; Young and Edwards 1990: 15

Distribution

Widespread; Archer, Atascosa, Bastrop, Baylor, Bee, Bell, Bexar, Brazos, Briscoe, Brown, Burleson, Cameron, Carson, Castro (imm.), Clay, Collin, Colorado, Comanche, Coryell, Dallas, Delta, Erath, Fayette, Floyd, Fort Bend, Frio, Gaines, Galveston, Gillespie, Hale, Harris, Hidalgo, Hill, Hockley, Houston, Howard, Jefferson, Kaufman, Kerr, Lubbock (imm.), Martin (imm.), McLennan, Mitchell, Montague, Nueces, Pecos, Potter, Presidio, Reeves, Robertson, San Patricio, Scurry, Terrell, Terry, Tom Green, Travis, Victoria (imm.), Walker, Wharton, Wichita, Willacy, Williamson, Wood

Locality

Big Bend Ranch State Park, Bill Haney Pecan Orchard, Blackstone Ranch, Ellis Prison Unit, Galveston Island State Park, Holmes Pecan Orchard, Lake Thomas, Lick Creek Park, Mansfield Dam Park, Pantex Lake, Proctor Lake, Santa Ana National Wildlife Refuge, Stiles Farm Foundation, Texas A&M University Rangeland Area, Wildcat Bluff Nature Center

Time of activity

Male (February – October); female (February – November)

Habitat

(crops: corn, cotton, guar, peanuts, rice); (grass: grass, grassland, grassy and shrub area, pasture); (littoral: creek bank, near falls, near playa, salt marsh); (nest/prey: stomach of Cnemidophorus sacki); (orchard: citrus, pecan); (plants: bluebonnets, clover, croton, emergent vegetation, geranium, Indian paintbrush, miscellaneous vegetation, roadside vegetation, vegetation, Baccharis, Monarda citriodora); (soil/woodland: brush, juniper, post oak savanna with pasture, saltcedar, shrub, willow, Juniperus ashei, Quercus buckleyi, Ulmus crassifolia); (structures: around house, in camper)

Method

Beating [mf]; beating/sweeping [mf]; boll weevil pheromone trap [mf]; D-Vac suction [mf]; fogging [m]; pitfall trap [mf]; suction trap [mf]; sweeping [mf]

Type

United States

Etymology

Latin, toiling

Collection

DMNS, MSU, NMSU, TAMU

Tetragnatha nitens (Audouin, 1826)

Tetragnatha nitensJackman 1997: 168; Levi 1981a: 291, mf, desc. (figs 23–34)

Distribution

Baylor, Clay, Hidalgo, Hudspeth, Travis, Wichita

Locality

Indio Mountains

Time of activity

Male (June); female (August)

Habitat

(plants: vegetation)

Type

Egypt

Etymology

Latin, glittering

Collection

DMNS, MSU, NMSU

Tetragnatha pallescens F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1903

Tetragnatha pallescensArmstrong and Richman 2007: 396; Dondale et al. 2003: 64, mf, desc. (figs 70–78); Jackman 1997: 168; Jones 1936: 69; Levi 1981a: 308 [S, T], mf, desc. (figs 129–139); Rapp 1984: 5; Seeley 1928: 131; Vogel 1970b: 22

Eugnatha pallida (Banks, 1892); McCook 1893: 265

Eugnatha pallescens (F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1903); Petrunkevitch 1911: 340

Distribution

Eastern ½ Texas; Bexar, Brown, Cameron, Dallas, Fannin, Galveston, Titus, Victoria, Wichita

Locality

Galveston Island State Park, Russell Farm, South Padre Island

Time of activity

Male (May, July – September); female (June, September – October)

Habitat

(grass: grass, grassland, grassy and shrub area); (littoral: salt marsh); (plants: miscellaneous vegetation)

Method

Boll weevil pheromone trap [m]; sweeping [m]

Type

New York, Ithaca

Etymology

Latin, pale

Collection

MSU, NMSU, TAMU

Tetragnatha straminea Emerton, 1884

Tetragnatha stramineaDondale et al. 2003: 67, mf, desc. (figs 79–87); Jackman 1997: 168; Kaston 1953: 201, desc. (fig. 493); Kaston 1972: 172, desc. (fig. 379); Kaston 1978: 163, desc. (fig. 408); Levi 1981a: 312, mf, desc. (figs 149–157); Woods and Harrel 1976: 43; Young and Edwards 1990: 15

Distribution

Northeast Texas; Dallas, Jefferson

Habitat

(crops: rice)

Type

Connecticut, New Haven

Etymology

Latin, swollen

Collection

MCZ

Tetragnatha vermiformis Emerton, 1884

Tetragnatha vermiformisJackman 1997: 168 [Levi 1981a: 316, mf, desc. (figs 176–184)]

Distribution

Wichita

Time of activity

Male (July)

Habitat

(littoral: vegetation near water)

Type

Massachusetts, Beverly

Etymology

Latin, worm-like

Collection

MSU

Tetragnatha versicolor Walckenaer, 1841

Tetragnatha versicolorAgnew et al. 1985: 7; Dondale et al. 2003: 76, mf, desc. (figs 115–123); Jackman 1997: 168; Levi 1981a: 302 [S], mf, desc. (figs 90–109); Vogel 1970b: 22; Woods and Harrel 1976: 43; Young and Edwards 1990: 15

Tetragnatha extensa Linnaeus, 1758; Jones 1936: 70; McCook 1889: 155; Seeley 1928: 113; Vogel 1970b: 21 [Texas records]

Tetragnatha limnocharis (Seeley, 1928); Jones 1936: 69; Vogel 1970b: 22

Distribution

North-central and central Texas; Brown, Comanche, Dallas, Houston, Jack, Jefferson, Travis, Wichita

Locality

Proctor Lake

Time of activity

Male (June – August)

Habitat

(crops: rice); (plants: miscellaneous vegetation); (soil/woodland: cottonwood, willow)

Method

sweeping [m]

Type

Georgia

Etymology

Latin, changed color

Collection

DMNS, MSU, TAMU

Tetragnatha viridis Walckenaer, 1841

Tetragnatha viridisDondale et al. 2003: 78, mf, desc. (figs 124–133); Jackman 1997: 168; Levi 1981a: 304, mf, desc. (figs 110–119)

Distribution

Harris

Habitat

(soil/woodland: pine)

Type

Georgia

Etymology

Latin, green

Family Theridiidae Sundevall, 1833

Note. Species incorrectly reported from Texas

Hentziectypus conjuncta (Gertsch & Mulaik, 1936) [not in Texas]

Achaearanea conjuncta (Gertsch and Mulaik, 1936); Vogel 1970b: 22

Genus Anelosimus Simon, 1891

Anelosimus studiosus (Hentz, 1850)

Anelosimus studiosusAgnarsson 2006: 505, mf (figs 49A–F, 50, 51); Agnew et al. 1985: 6; Bradley 2013: 223; Breene et al. 1993c: 26, 48, 56, mf (figs 20A-C); Dean and Sterling 1990: 404; Dean et al. 1982: 254; Jackman 1997: 53, desc., 169; Kaston 1978: 109, desc.; Levi 1956b: 418, mf, desc. (figs 21–23, 37–39); Vogel 1970b: 22; Young and Edwards 1990: 23

Distribution

Aransas, Archer, Bee, Brazos, Cameron, Comanche, Coryell, Dallas, Denton, Erath, Hidalgo, Jefferson, Jim Wells, Kleberg, La Salle, Liberty, Montague, Newton, Nueces, Travis, Walker, Zapata

Locality

Ellis Prison Unit, Frontera Audubon, Goose Island State Park, Proctor Lake, Texas A&M University Rangeland Area

Time of activity

Male (March – September); female (March – December)

Habitat

(crops: cotton); (orchard: orange, sour orange, Valley lemon); (soil/woodland: juniper, shrub, trees/shrubs, willow, yaupon holly, Quercus buckleyi, Quercus virginiana, Ulmus crassifolia)

Method

Beating [m]; boll weevil pheromone trap [mf]; suction trap [mf]; sweeping [m]

Type

Alabama

Etymology

Latin, eager

Collection

MCZ, MSU, TAMU

Genus Argyrodes Simon, 1864

Argyrodes elevatus Taczanowski, 1873

Argyrodes elevatusAgnarsson 2004: 513; Agnew et al. 1985: 6; Dean and Sterling 1990: 404; Exline and Levi 1962: 134, mf, desc. (figs 128–132, 154); Jackman 1997: 169; Jackman et al. 2007: 199; Knutson et al. 2010: 516; Nyffeler et al. 1987c: 370; Vogel 1970b: 22

Distribution

Archer, Bastrop, Brazos, Burleson, Cameron, Comal, Comanche, Denton, DeWitt, Erath, Hidalgo, Hood, Houston, Howard, Hunt, Navarro, San Patricio, Starr, Travis, Walker

Locality

Bill Haney Pecan Orchard, Ellis Prison Unit, Lake Dallas, Lake Tawakoni State Park, Lick Creek Park, Texas A&M University Rangeland Area

Time of activity

Male (April – September); female (April, June – September)

Habitat

(crops: cotton); (grass: pasture); (orchard: pecan); (plants: miscellaneous vegetation, vegetation); (soil/woodland: saltcedar, shrubs, woods); (web: Araneus sp. web [mf], Araneus bicentenarius web [mf], Argiope aurantia web, bowl and doily web [f], Neoscona crucifera web [f], large spider web)

Method

Beating [mf]; fogging [f]; suction trap [m]; sweeping [mf]

Type

French Guiana, Uassa

Etymology

Latin, elevated

Collection

DMNS, MSU, TAMU

Argyrodes pluto Banks, 1906

Argyrodes plutoExline and Levi 1962: 143, mf, desc. (figs 138–142); Jackman 1997: 169; Levi and Randolph 1975: 36; Vogel 1970b: 23

Distribution

Brewster, Travis

Locality

Chisos Mountains

Type

Virginia, Falls Church

Etymology

Greek, god of the underworld

Genus Asagena Sundevall, 1833

Asagena americana Emerton, 1882

Asagena americanaWunderlich 2008: 199 [T]

Steatoda americana (Emerton, 1882); Agnew et al. 1985: 6; Brown 1974: 238; Henderson 2007: 54, 75, 78, 81, 85; Jackman 1997: 59, desc., 169; Levi 1957b: 400, mf, desc. (figs 66–69); Levi and Randolph 1975: 40; Vogel 1970b: 24; Yantis 2005: 198

Distribution

Baylor, Bexar, Brazos, Erath, Leon, Nacogdoches, Titus, Travis, Wichita

Locality

Lick Creek Park, Texas A&M University Rangeland Area

Time of activity

Male (March 15-April 15, April – May, July – August); female (July)

Habitat

(littoral: near pond, pond, sedge meadow); (nest/prey: mud dauber nest [f]); (soil/woodland: post oak woods [%: 82], post oak woodland, woods)

Method

5 gallon bucket trap [m]; pitfall trap [m] (near pond [m])

Type

Massachusetts, Boston

Etymology

locality (country)

Collection

DMNS, MSU, TAMU

Asagena fulva (Keyserling, 1884)

Asagena fulvaWunderlich 2008: 199 [T]

Lithyphantes fulvus Keyserling, 1884; Comstock 1912: 362; Comstock 1940: 377, desc.; Fox 1940: 41; Marx 1890: 522; Milstead 1958: 446

Steatoda fulva (Keyserling, 1884); Agnew et al. 1985: 3; Gertsch 1960b: 45, mf, desc. (figs 62, 64–65, 70–71); Jackman 1997: 169; Kaston 1972: 119, desc.; Kaston 1978: 115, desc.; Levi 1957b: 391 [T], mf, desc. (figs 32–33, 45–47, 52); Levi and Randolph 1975: 41; Vogel 1970b: 24; Young and Edwards 1990: 23

Distribution

Brewster, Brown, Colorado, Comanche, Culberson, Dallam, El Paso, Erath, Hidalgo, Howard, Hudspeth, Knox, Llano, Martin, Somervell, Starr, Wichita

Locality

Black Gap Wildlife Management Area

Time of activity

Male (March, July – September); female (July, September)

Habitat

(crops: cotton, peanuts); (grass: grass); (nest/prey: stomach of Cnemidophorus tigris)

Method

pitfall trap [mf]

Type

Utah, Spring Lake

Etymology

Latin, tawny-yellow

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Genus Chrosiothes Simon, 1894

Chrosiothes jocosus (Gertsch & Davis, 1936)

Chrosiothes jocosusJackman 1997: 169; Levi 1964d: 82 [T]; Levi and Randolph 1975: 37

Dipoena jocosa Gertsch and Davis, 1936; Bonnet 1956: 1507; Gertsch and Davis 1936: 7, mf, desc. (fig. 20); Roewer 1942: 424

Theridiotis jocosa (Gertsch and Davis, 1936); Levi 1954a: 180 [T], mf, desc. (figs 1–5, 10, 19, 26–27)

Chrosiothes jocosa (Gertsch and Davis, 1936); Vogel 1970b: 23

Distribution

Cameron, Hidalgo, Llano, Starr, Travis, Uvalde

Locality

Falcon State Park, Garner State Park

Time of activity

Male (January, June – August); female (January, March – April, July – August, October, December)

Habitat

(soil/woodland: Juniperus ashei)

Method

Beating [m]

Type

Texas (male, Travis Co., Austin, August 1935, L. I. Davis, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Latin, full of fun

Collection

TAMU

Chrosiothes minusculus (Gertsch, 1936)

Chrosiothes minusculusBreene et al. 1993b: 648; Jackman 1997: 169; Levi 1964d: 82 [T]; Levi and Randolph 1975: 37; Vogel 1970b: 23

Episinus minusculus Gertsch, 1936; Bonnet 1956: 1721; Gertsch 1936: 9, m, desc. (fig. 9); Roewer 1942: 450

Theridiotis minuscula (Gertsch, 1936); Levi 1954a: 182 [T], mf, desc. (figs 11, 16–18, 21, 28–29)

Distribution

Cameron, Hidalgo

Locality

Big Tree-Vine Association

Time of activity

Male (February – March, September); female (July, September)

Habitat

(crops: sugarcane)

Type

Texas (male, Hidalgo Co., 5 miles S San Juan, February 22, 1935, S. Mulaik, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Latin, small size

Collection

TAMU

Genus Chrysso O. P.-Cambridge, 1882

Chrysso albomaculata O. P.-Cambridge, 1882

Chrysso albomaculataJackman 1997: 169; Levi 1957c: 61 [T], mf, desc. (figs 1–4, 18–19, 25–27); Levi and Randolph 1975: 37; Vogel 1970b: 23

Steatoda albomaculata (O. P.-Cambridge, 1882); F. O. P.-Cambridge 1902: 385

Theridion albomaculatum (O. P.-Cambridge, 1882); Petrunkevitch 1911: 190; Roewer 1942: 501

Distribution

Newton

Type

Amazon

Etymology

Latin, white spots on abdomen

Genus Coleosoma O. P.-Cambridge, 1882

Coleosoma acutiventer (Keyserling, 1884)

Coleosoma acutiventerBreene et al. 1993a: 169; Breene et al. 1993c: 26, 48, 60, mf (figs 30A-D); Dean and Sterling 1987: 6; Jackman 1997: 169; Levi 1959a: 4, mf, desc. (figs 6–11); Levi and Randolph 1975: 37; Vogel 1970b: 23

Distribution

Cameron, Hidalgo, Wharton

Locality

Big Tree-Vine Association

Time of activity

Male (July, October)

Habitat

(crops: cotton, sugarcane); (orchard: citrus)

Method

D-Vac suction [m]

Type

Peru

Etymology

Latin, shape of abdomen

Collection

TAMU

Genus Crustulina Menge, 1868

Crustulina altera Gertsch & Archer, 1942

Crustulina alteraJackman 1997: 169 [Levi 1957b: 372, mf, desc. (figs 4–6, 8–10)]

Distribution

Gonzalez, Montague, Sabine, Tyler

Locality

Big Thicket National Preserve

Time of activity

Male (April); female (March, May, December)

Habitat

(plants: vegetation); (soil/woodland: leaf litter)

Type

Connecticut, Norwalk

Etymology

Latin, alternate

Collection

DMNS, MSU, TAMU

Crustulina sticta (O. P.-Cambridge, 1861)

Crustulina stictaJackman 1997: 169; Levi 1957b: 370, mf, desc. (figs 1–3, 7); Levi and Randolph 1975: 37; Vogel 1970b: 23

Distribution

Hidalgo, Matagorda

Type

England

Etymology

Greek, dappled

Genus Cryptachaea Archer, 1946

Cryptachaea canionis (Chamberlin & Gertsch, 1929)

Cryptachaea canionisYoshida 2008: 39 [T]

Achaearanea canionis (Chamberlin and Gertsch, 1929) [Levi 1955a: 24, mf, desc. (figs 60–68)]

Distribution

Culberson

Caves

Culberson (Brooks Cave, Canyon Cave, Straight Cave)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave)

Type

Utah, Zion National Park

Etymology

canyon

Collection

TMM

Cryptachaea insulsa (Gertsch & Mulaik, 1936)

Cryptachaea insulsaYoshida 2008: 39 [T]

Theridion insulsum Gertsch & Mulaik, 1936; Gertsch and Mulaik 1936b: 11, f, desc. (figs 25–26)

Theridium insulsum Gertsch & Mulaik, 1936; Bonnet 1959: 4483

Achaearanea insulsa (Gertsch & Mulaik, 1936); Jackman 1997: 168; Levi 1955a: 19 [T], mf, desc. (figs 41–45); Levi 1959b: 61; Levi 1963b: 192

Achaearanea insula (Gertsch & Mulaik, 1936); Levi and Randolph 1975: 36; Vogel 1970b: 22

Distribution

Cameron, Hidalgo, Starr

Locality

Big Tree-Vine Association, Santa Ana National Wildlife Refuge

Time of activity

Male (October); female (February, April – May, September – November)

Eggs/spiderlings

Hidalgo [16 spiderlings] [TAMU]

Type

Texas (female, Cameron Co., Brownsville, November 30, 1934, S. Mulaik, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Latin, boring

Collection

TAMU

Cryptachaea porteri (Banks, 1896)

Cryptachaea porteriBradley 2013: 225; Yoshida 2008: 39 [T]

Theridium porteri Banks, 1896; Banks 1910: 20

Theridion redemptum Gertsch and Mulaik, 1936; Gertsch and Mulaik 1936b: 13, mf, desc. (figs 14–15); Roewer 1942: 505

Theridium redemptum Gertsch and Mulaik, 1936; Bonnet 1959: 4518

Achaearanea porteri (Banks, 1896); Agnew et al. 1985: 6; Barr and Reddell 1967: 261; Brown 1974: 237; Cokendolpher and Reddell 2001b: 54; Jackman 1997: 52, desc., 168; Kaston 1978: 106, desc.; Kunath and Smith 1968: 19, 30; Levi 1955a: 30 [S], mf, desc. (figs 71–75, 80–82); Levi 1963b: 215; McKenzie and Reddell 1964: 15, 22; Rapp 1984: 3; Reddell 1964: 41; Reddell 1965: 176; Reddell 1967: 11, 15, 23, 27, 34, 50; Reddell 1970: 408; Reddell 1973: 29, 46; Reddell 1994: 6; Reddell and Cokendolpher 2004: 92; Reddell and Finch 1963: 28, 41, 48, 53, 54; Reddell and Smith 1965: 20, 33, 46, 61, 62, 66; Smith and Reddell 1971: 21, 24, 29, 41; Vogel 1970b: 22

Distribution

Widespread in caves; Atascosa, Bandera, Bell, Bexar, Blanco, Brown, Burnet, Childress, Clay, Collingsworth, Comal, Comanche, Coryell, Crockett, Culberson, Denton, Edwards, Erath, Galveston, Hardeman, Harrison, Hays, Irion, Kendall, Kerr, Kimble, King, Kinney, Lampasas, Llano, Mason, Medina, Menard, Nacogdoches, Pecos, Randall, Real, San Saba, Schleicher, Stonewall, Sutton, Terrell, Travis, Uvalde, Val Verde, Wheeler, Wichita, Williamson

Locality

Bill Haney Pecan Orchard, Camp Bullis, Fort Hood, Galveston Island State Park

Caves

Bandera (Haby Swallow Cave, Keese Cave); Bell (Cub Cave [Fort Hood], Gnarla Cave [Fort Hood], Hill’s Cave, Lunch Counter Cave [Fort Hood], Nolan Creek Cave [Fort Hood], Rugger’s Rift Cave [Fort Hood], Sanford Pit Cave [Fort Hood], Streak Cave [Fort Hood]); Bexar (40 mm Cave, Assassin Cave, Banzai Mud Dauber Cave, Bear Cave, Boneyard Pit, Bunny Hole [Camp Bullis], Cave site #301, Cave site #306, Cave of the Bee Spirits, Charley’s Hammer Hole, Cross the Creek Cave, Dirtwater Cave, Dos Viboras Cave, Eagles Nest Cave, Goat Cave, Government Canyon Bat Cave, Hairy Tooth Cave, Headquarters Cave, Hogan’s Cave, Holy Smoke Cave, Isocow Cave, Isopit, Kamikazi Cricket Cave, Lithic Ridge Cave, Mattke Cave, Phil’s Friggin Line Cave [Cave, site #803], Poor Boy Baculum Cave, Porcupine Parlor Cave, Raging Cajun Cave, Rattlesnake Cave, Robber Baron Cave, Scorpion Cave, Stevens Ranch Cave No. 1, Strange Little Cave, Tall Tales Cave, Three Fingers Cave, Tin Pot, Unknown Cave, Up the Creek Cave, Valley of Death Cave, Well Done Cave, World Newt Cave, Wurzbach Bat Cave, Young Cave No. 1); Blanco (Davis Blowout Cave); Burnet (Beaver Creek Bat Cave, Duncan’s Flea Cave, Huber Mine, Longhorn Caverns, Nolan’s Cave, Pie Cave, Snelling’s Cave, Taylor Water Cave); Childress (Black Hand Cave); Collingsworth (Bumpas Cave, Turtle Cave); Comal (Kappelman Cave, Little Bear Creek Cave, Natural Bridge Caverns); Coryell (Fossil Spring Cave [Fort Hood], Oxygen Bottle Cave, Plateau Cave No. 2, Rocket River Cave System (Double Tree Cave) [Fort Hood], Saltpeter Cave [Fort Hood]); Crockett (Dudley Cave); Culberson (Dillahunty Swallow Cave, Gyp Joint, Plateau Cave); Edwards (Blue Elm Cave, Cueva de la Cola Blanca, Devil’s Sinkhole, Dunbar Cave, Green Cave, Hughes Cave, Jacoby Cave, Midnight Cave, 3-Bounce Pit, Wheat Cave, Wheat Cave No. 1, Wyatt Cave); Hardeman (Walkup Cave); Hays (Boggus Cave, Donaldson Cave, Ezell’s Cave, Fern Cave, Ladder Cave, McCarty Cave, McGlothlin Sink); Irion (Arden Cave); Kendall (Jan’s Fissure, Swaglet Cave); Kerr (East Trap Cave, Mingus Swallow Cave, Old Morris Cave, Pinto Ranch Cave, Seven Room Cave, Stowers Cave); Kimble (Flemming Bat Cave, Garter Snake Cave, The Hole, Live Dog Cave, Lizard Cave, Top Dog Cave); King (River Styx Cave); Kinney (Cot Cave, Kickapoo Caverns); Lampasas (Battery Cave, Dead Goat Cave, Jackson Flea Cave, Jackson One-Bat Cave); Llano (Enchanted Rock Cave, Miller’s Cave); Mason (Kothmann Cave, Zesch Ranch Cave); Medina (Boehme’s Cave, Davenport Cave, Haby Bat Cave, Lutz Cave, Ney Cave, Valdina Farms Sinkhole); Menard (Kearney’s Dead Goat Cave, Powell’s Cave); Pecos (Ess Cave); Randall (Catarina Cave, Confusion Cave); Real (Orell Bat Cave, Red Arrow Cave, Turkey Pens Cave); San Saba (Bremer Cave, Chimneyer’s Delight Cave, Cicurina Cave, Fence Line Fissure, Wedge Cave); Schleicher (Cave Y); Stonewall (Aspermont Bat Cave); Sutton (Felton Cave, Silky Cave, Word Cave); Terrell (Blackstone Cave); Travis (Balcones Sink, Beckett’s Cave, Broken Lid Cave, Cave X, Cave Y, Central Sink, Cold Cave, Cotterell Cave, Dead Dog Cave No. 1, Deer Stand Cave, Driskill Cave, Feather Sink, Gallifer Cave, Get Down Cave, Goat Cave, Grove Sinks Cave, Jack’s Joint, Kretschmarr Double Pit, Kretschmarr Fluted Sink, LaCrosse Cave, Lost Gold Cave, McDonald Cave, Midden Sink, No Rent Cave, Outhouse Hole Sink, Pickle Pit, Salamander Cave, Schulze Cave, Seider Springs Cave, Singletary Cave, Slumberger Sink, Spanish Wells, Stark’s North Mine, Stoneworks Sink, Substations Sink, Tardus Hole, Three-Holer Cave, Tooth Cave, Weldon Cave, Weldon West Cave, Whirlpool Cave, Wildflower Cave); Uvalde (Big Foot Cave, Burial Cave, Cement Tank Cave, Crom Cave, Davy Crockett Cave, Frio Bat Cave, Frio King Cave, Maybe Stream Cave, North Well Cave, Pablo’s Cave, Picture Cave No. 1, Sandtleben Cave, Tampke Ranch Cave, Whitecotton Bat Cave); Val Verde (Fawcett’s Cave, Four-Mile Cave); Wheeler (Big Mouth Cave); Williamson (Beck Sewer Cave, Bev’s Grotto, Coon Scat Cave, Elm Bat Cave, Elm Cave, Formation Forest Cave, Good Friday Cave, Grimace Cave, Jug Cave, Ku Klux Klan Cave, Lorfing’s Unseen Rattler Cave, Man-With-A-Spear Cave, Marigold Cave, Sore-ped Cave, Steam Cave, Susana Cave, T.W.A.S. A Cave, Three-Mile Cave, Two Hole Cave, Walsh Ranch Cave, Williams Cave, Wolf Cave)

Time of activity

Male (January – August, October – November); female (January – December)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave); (littoral: salt marsh); (nest/prey: mud dauber nest [f]); (orchard: pecan); (soil/woodland: woods); (structures: bathroom, indoors)

Method

Fogging [m]; pitfall trap [m] (in woods [m])

Type

Indiana, Porter’s Cave

Etymology

locality (name of Porter’s cave)

Collection

MSU, TAMU, TMM

Genus Dipoena Thorell, 1869

Dipoena abdita Gertsch & Mulaik, 1936

Dipoena abditaAgnew et al. 1985: 6; Bonnet 1956: 1502; Breene et al. 1993a: 169; Breene et al. 1994: 8; Calixto et al. 2013: 184; Gertsch and Mulaik 1936b: 6, f, desc. (fig. 28); Jackman 1997: 169; Levi 1953: 37, mf, desc. (figs 77–82, 108–109); Reddell and Cokendolpher 2004: 93; Roewer 1942: 423; Vogel 1970b: 23

Distribution

Bexar, Burleson, Cameron, Colorado, Comanche, Coryell, Erath, Hays, Hidalgo, Llano, Robertson, San Patricio, Starr

Locality

Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge, Bill Haney Pecan Orchard, Holmes Pecan Orchard

Caves

Bexar (Firing Line 11 Cave)

Time of activity

Male (May, June 20-July 2, July – October); female (January – February, April – July, October, December)

Habitat

(crops: cotton, watermelon); (landscape features: cave); (orchard: citrus, pecan); (soil/woodland: post oak savanna with pasture)

Method

pitfall trap [m]; suction trap [mf]

Type

Texas (female, Hidalgo Co., Edinburg, December 7, 1935, S. Mulaik, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Latin, hidden

Collection

TAMU, TMM

Dipoena buccalis Keyserling, 1886

Dipoena buccalis [Levi 1953: 27, mf, desc. (figs 6, 16–18, 33–34, 98–101)]

Distribution

Travis

Type

“Philadelphia, Fortress Monroe and Atlantic City” collected by Marx

Etymology

Latin, mouth or cheek

Collection

DMNS

Dipoena cathedralis Levi, 1953

Dipoena cathedralisJackman 1997: 169; Levi 1953: 15, m, desc. (figs 19–22); Levi and Randolph 1975: 37; Vogel 1967: 130

Distribution

Brewster

Type

Texas (male, Brewster Co., 25 miles S Alpine, no date, no collector, holotype, AMNH)

[female unknown]

Etymology

referring to a cathedral

Dipoena nigra (Emerton, 1882)

Dipoena nigraAgnew et al. 1985: 6; Jackman 1997: 169; Levi 1953: 21, mf, desc. (figs 30–32, 37–46, 91–97); Vogel 1970b: 23

Distribution

Brazos, Colorado, Erath, Travis

Locality

Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge, Lick Creek Park

Time of activity

Male (March – June, September); female (May, July – August)

Habitat

(soil/woodland: Quercus buckleyi, Ulmus crassifolia)

Method

Beating/sweeping [f]; pitfall trap [m]; suction trap [m]; sweeping [mf]

Type

Maine, Portland; Massachusetts, Beverly and Holyoke

Etymology

Latin, color brown to black

Collection

TAMU

Genus Emertonella Bryant, 1945

Emertonella taczanowskii (Keyserling, 1886)

Emertonella taczanowskiiYoshida 2002: 17 [T]

Euryopis taczanowskii (Keyserling, 1886); Jackman 1997: 169; Levi 1967: 178 [S], mf, desc. (figs 37–41); Levi and Randolph 1975: 39; Vogel 1970b: 24

Euryopis nigripes Banks, 1929; Levi 1954b: 24, mf, desc. (figs 38–52); Vogel 1970b: 23

Euryopis dentatus Gertsch and Mulaik, 1936; Gertsch and Mulaik 1936b: 6, mf, desc. (figs 10–11)

Euryopis dentata Gertsch and Mulaik, 1936; Bonnet 1956: 1821; Roewer 1942: 454

Distribution

Hidalgo, Starr

Locality

Frontera Audubon

Time of activity

Male (September); female (September)

Habitat

(orchard: grapefruit)

Type

Peru, Tumbes

Etymology

Person (arachnologist)

Collection

TAMU

Genus Enoplognatha Pavesi, 1880

Enoplognatha caricis (Fickert, 1876)

Enoplognatha caricisWunderlich 1976: 99 [S]

Enoplognatha tecta (Keyserling, 1884); Jackman 1997: 169; Levi 1957a: 13, 113, mf, desc. (figs 11, 25, 28–29, 34–37); Levi and Randolph 1975: 38; Vogel 1970b: 23

Distribution

Travis

Type

unknown

Etymology

Latin, sedge

Enoplognatha marmorata (Hentz, 1850)

Enoplognatha marmorataJackman 1997: 169; Levi 1957a: 11, 113, mf, desc. (figs 24, 26–27, 30–33); Levi and Randolph 1975: 38; Vogel 1970b: 23

Distribution

Wilbarger

Type

Alabama

Etymology

Greek, of marble

Genus Euryopis Menge, 1868

Euryopis lineatipes O. P.-Cambridge, 1893

Euryopis lineatipesJackman 1997: 169; Levi 1954b: 36, mf, desc. (figs 60, 73, 76, 90–91, 104, 125–126); Levi and Randolph 1975: 39; Vogel 1970b: 23

Distribution

Cameron, Hidalgo, Presidio, San Patricio

Locality

Lake Corpus Christi State Park, Santa Ana National Wildlife Refuge

Time of activity

Male (August – September); female (November)

Habitat

(grass: grass)

Method

Beating [f]; pitfall trap [m]

Type

Guatemala

Etymology

Latin, black transverse lines

Collection

TAMU

Euryopis mulaiki Levi, 1954

Euryopis mulaikiJackman 1997: 169; Levi 1954b: 19, mf, desc. (figs 17–18, 27–28, 32); Levi and Randolph 1975: 38; Vogel 1967: 134; Vogel 1970b: 23

Distribution

Kleberg

Time of activity

Male (October)

Type

Texas (male, Kleberg Co., Kingsville, October 1934, S. Mulaik, holotype, USNM)

Etymology

Person (collector)

Euryopis quinquemaculata Banks, 1900

Euryopis quinquemaculataAgnew et al. 1985: 6; Jackman 1997: 169; Levi 1954b: 46 [S], f, desc. (figs 133–136); Levi 1963a: 131, mf, desc. (figs 11–16); Levi and Randolph 1975: 38; Vogel 1970b: 23

Mufila texana Bryant, 1949; Bryant 1949b: 67, m, desc. (figs 1a-b); Vogel 1967: 135

Euryopis bryantae Levi, 1954; Levi 1954b: 47, m (fig. 137); Vogel 1970b: 23

Distribution

Comanche, Dallas, Erath, Kerr, Uvalde, Wichita

Locality

Garner State Park, Nabor’s Lake

Time of activity

Male (April – May, July); female (July, September)

Habitat

(soil/woodland: woods); (structures: outside house)

Method

pitfall trap [m]; sweeping [f]

Type

Washington D. C.; Virginia, Falls Church

Etymology

Latin, five white spots on abdomen

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Euryopis spinigera O. P.-Cambridge, 1895

Euryopis spinigeraAgnew et al. 1985: 6; Henderson 2007: 66–69, 71–72, 78, 81, 85; Jackman 1997: 169; Levi 1954b: 20 [S], mf, desc. (figs 23–24, 30, 33, 36); Levi and Randolph 1975: 39; Vogel 1970b: 23

Euryopis deridens Gertsch and Mulaik, 1936; Bonnet 1956: 1821; Gertsch and Mulaik 1936b: 7, f, desc. (fig. 13); Roewer 1942: 454

Distribution

Bell, Bexar, Brazos, Cameron, Erath, Gonzalez, Hidalgo, Jeff Davis, Llano

Locality

Bentsen-Rio Grande Valley State Park, Davis Mountains, Lick Creek Park, Sabal Palm Audubon Sanctuary, Santa Ana National Wildlife Refuge, South Padre Island

Time of activity

Male (January – April, June – October, November 15-December 21, December); female (February – March, August 15-September 17, September 17-October 20, October, December)

Habitat

(grass: grass); (littoral: dune); (soil/woodland: bottomland forest, disturbed habitat, leaf litter, next to woods, post oak woodland, upland woods)

Method

Berlese funnel [mf]; D-Vac suction [m]; pitfall trap [mf]

Type

Guatemala

Etymology

Latin, spines on abdomen

Collection

DMNS, MSU, TAMU

Euryopis texana Banks, 1908

Euryopis texanaAgnew et al. 1985: 3, 9; Banks 1908: 207, m, desc.; Banks 1910: 22; Broussard and Horner 2006: 255; Calixto et al. 2013: 184; Jackman 1997: 169; Levi 1954b: 34, mf, desc. (figs 57–58, 72, 87–89, 103, 122–124); Levi and Randolph 1975: 39; Milstead 1958: 445; Petrunkevitch 1911: 178; Richman et al. 2011a: 46; Roewer 1942: 454; Vogel 1970b: 24; Young and Edwards 1990: 23

Distribution

Bastrop, Brazos, Brewster, Burleson, Comal, Comanche, Erath, Gray, Hidalgo, Kerr, Nueces, Presidio, Randall, San Patricio, Scurry, Val Verde, Wheeler

Locality

Bill Haney Pecan Orchard, Black Gap Wildlife Management Area, Chihuahuan desert, Dalquest Research Site, Lake Corpus Christi State Park, Lake Thomas, Seminole Canyon State Park

Time of activity

Male (March, July – August); female (July – October)

Habitat

(crops: peanuts); (grass: grass); (nest/prey: stomach of Cnemidophorus perplexus); (orchard: pecan); (plants: over grazed mixed prairie); (soil/woodland: saltcedar)

Method

cardboard band [f]; pitfall trap [mf]

Type

Texas (male, Brazos Co., no date, no collector, cotype, MCZ)

Etymology

locality (state)

Collection

DMNS, MSU, TAMU

Genus Faiditus Keyserling, 1884

Faiditus americanus (Taczanowski, 1874)

Faiditus americanusAgnarsson 2004: 478 [T]

Argyrodes americanus (Taczanowski, 1874); Exline and Levi 1962: 161 [S], mf, desc. (figs 236–247); Jackman 1997: 169; Levi and Randolph 1975: 36; Vogel 1970b: 22

Argyrodes argenteola O. P.-Cambridge, 1894; Petrunkevitch 1911: 166

Argyrodina argenteola (O. P.-Cambridge, 1894); Roewer 1942: 436

Distribution

Cameron, Hidalgo

Type

French Guiana, Uassa

Etymology

locality (country)

Faiditus cancellatus (Hentz, 1850)

Faiditus cancellatusAgnarsson 2004: 479 [T]

Argyrodes cancellatus (Hentz, 1850); Exline and Levi 1962: 180 [S], mf, desc. (figs 323–336); Fox 1940: 39; Jackman 1997: 169; Levi and Randolph 1975: 36; Vogel 1970b: 22

Argyrodes larvatus Keyserling, 1884; Marx 1890: 524

Distribution

Brazos, Colorado, Denton, Liberty, Robertson, San Augustine, Tyler, Walker, Wood

Locality

Lick Creek Park, Sam Houston National Forest, Stubblefield Lake

Time of activity

Male (April – June, August); female (March – April)

Habitat

(soil/woodland: shrubs, tree)

Method

Beating [mf]; beating/sweeping [f]

Type

Alabama

Etymology

Latin, grating or bars

Collection

TAMU

Faiditus caudatus (Taczanowski, 1874)

Faiditus caudatusAgnarsson 2004: 479 [T]

Argyrodes caudatus (Taczanowski, 1874); Exline and Levi 1962: 176, mf, desc. (figs 300–322); Jackman 1997: 169; Levi and Randolph 1975: 36; Vogel 1970b: 22

Distribution

Hidalgo

Time of activity

Male (April, October)

Type

French Guiana, Uassa

Etymology

Latin, posterior abdomen

Faiditus davisi (Exline & Levi, 1962)

Faiditus davisiAgnarsson 2004: 479 [T]

Argyrodes davisi Exline and Levi, 1962; Exline and Levi 1962: 191, mf, desc. (figs 370–374); Jackman 1997: 169; Levi and Randolph 1975: 36; Vogel 1967: 128

Distribution

Cameron

Locality

Big Tree-Vine Association

Time of activity

Male (September)

Type

Texas (male, Cameron Co., Big Tree-Vine Association, September 1936, L. I. Davis, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Person (The species is named after the collector, Exline and Levi 1962).

Faiditus globosus (Keyserling, 1884)

Faiditus globosusAgnarsson 2004: 479 [T]

Argyrodes globosus Keyserling, 1884; Exline and Levi 1962: 164, mf, desc. (figs 248–260); Jackman 1997: 169; Levi and Randolph 1975: 36; Vogel 1970b: 22

Distribution

Tyler

Type

Florida, Crescent City

Etymology

Latin, round form

Faiditus subdolus (O. P.-Cambridge, 1898)

Faiditus subdolusAgnarsson 2004: 479 [T]

Argyrodes subdolus O. P.-Cambridge, 1898; Exline and Levi 1962: 190, mf, desc. (figs 365–369); Jackman 1997: 169; Levi and Randolph 1975: 36; Vogel 1970b: 23

Distribution

Bell, Hidalgo, Leon, Sutton, Travis

Type

Guatemala, near Guatemala, San Antonio

Etymology

Latin, “below a trap”

Genus Hentziectypus Archer, 1946

Hentziectypus florendidus (Levi, 1959)

Hentziectypus florendidusYoshida 2008: 38 [T]

Achaearanea florens O. P.-Cambridge, 1896; Levi 1955a: 15 [Texas record]

Achaearanea florendida Levi, 1959; Jackman 1997: 168; Levi 1959b: 65, mf, desc., syn. (figs 17, 20–21); Levi 1963b: 233; Levi and Randolph 1975: 35; Vogel 1970b: 22 [Texas records]

Distribution

Hidalgo

Time of activity

Male (April)

Type

Panama

Etymology

Latin, glittering

Hentziectypus globosus (Hentz, 1850)

Hentziectypus globosusBradley 2013: 227; Yoshida 2008: 38 [T]

Achaearanea globosa (Hentz, 1850); Agnew et al. 1985: 6; Breene et al. 1993b: 648; Breene et al. 1993c: 25, 48, 58, mf (figs 26A-C); Bumroongsook et al. 1992: 17; Dean and Eger 1986: 141; Dean and Sterling 1987: 6; Dean and Sterling 1990: 401, 404; Dean et al. 1982: 254; Dean et al. 1988: 286; Jackman 1997: 52, desc., 168; Levi 1955a: 9, mf, desc. (figs 19–25); Levi 1963b: 203; Vogel 1970b: 22; Young and Edwards 1990: 23

Achaearanea globosus (Hentz, 1850); Kaston 1972: 109, desc. (fig. 242); Kaston 1978: 106, desc. (fig. 260)

Distribution

Bexar, Brazos, Cameron, Erath, Gonzalez, Hidalgo, Houston, Montgomery, Nueces, Robertson, San Patricio, Uvalde, Walker, Willacy

Locality

Ellis Prison Unit, Garner State Park, Holmes Pecan Orchard, Jones State Forest, Palmetto State Park, Sam Houston National Forest, Stubblefield Lake

Time of activity

Male (April, June – November); female (April, June – November)

Habitat

(crops: cotton, sugarcane); (grass: grassland, pasture); (orchard: pecan); (plants: Indian paintbrush)

Method

D-Vac suction [m]; fogging [m]; suction trap [m]; sweeping [m]

Type

Alabama

Etymology

Latin, round form

Collection

TAMU

Hentziectypus schullei (Gertsch & Mulaik, 1936)

Hentziectypus schulleiYoshida 2008: 38 [T]

Theridion schullei Gertsch and Mulaik, 1936; Gertsch and Mulaik 1936b: 15, f, desc. (fig. 22); Roewer 1942: 505

Theridium schullei Gertsch and Mulaik, 1936; Bonnet 1959: 4524

Achaearanea schullei (Gertsch and Mulaik, 1936); Breene et al. 1993a: 169; Breene et al. 1993b: 648; Jackman 1997: 168; Levi 1955a: 17 [S], mf, desc. (figs 32–38); Levi 1963b: 203; Levi and Randolph 1975: 36; Vogel 1970b: 22

Theridion credulum Gertsch and Davis, 1936; Gertsch and Davis 1936: 11, m, desc. (fig. 17); Roewer 1942: 502

Theridium credulum Gertsch and Davis, 1936; Bonnet 1959: 4463

Distribution

Bell, Bexar, Cameron, Coryell, Dallas, Hays, Hidalgo, Llano, Starr

Time of activity

Male (March, June, August); female (April – November)

Habitat

(crops: sugarcane); (grass: grass); (orchard: citrus); (soil/woodland: in log, post oak savanna with pasture, woods)

Method

pitfall trap [m]

Type

Texas (female, Hidalgo Co., Edinburg, October 15, 1935, Schulle, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Person (collector)

Collection

TAMU

Genus Latrodectus Walckenaer, 1805

Latrodectus geometricus C. L. Koch, 1841

Latrodectus geometricusBrown et al. 2008: 960; Jackman 1997: 55, desc., 169 [Levi 1959c: 21, mf, desc. (figs 8–10, 25–28, 37, 39–51, 80–83); Levi 1967: 185, mf (figs 57–59)]

Distribution

Aransas, Cameron, Hidalgo, Nueces, San Patricio

Time of activity

Female (March, August, October – November)

Habitat

(structures: in autos at Aransas Auto-Plex, eave of building, ice chest, in house, refinery equipment)

Type

Colombia

Etymology

Greek, land measuring

Collection

TAMU

Latrodectus hesperus Chamberlin & Ivie, 1935

Latrodectus hesperusCokendolpher 1993: 39–40; Cokendolpher et al. 2008: 11, 53 (fig. 14, photo 40–46); Jackman 1997: 55, desc., 169; Kaston 1970: 39 [S], mf, desc. (figs 5b, 8–11, 13e, f, h); Kaston 1972: 102, desc. (figs 231–233); Kaston 1978: 101, desc. (figs 249–251); Knutson et al. 2010: 516; Roberts 2001: 48; Zhang et al. 2004: 349

Latrodectus mactans hesperus Chamberlin and Ivie, 1935; Chamberlin and Ivie 1935a: 15, mf, desc. (figs 1, 4, 6–14, 21, 23–33); Keegan 1955: 148; Levi 1969: 72

Latrodectus mactans texanus Chamberlin and Ivie, 1935; Chamberlin and Ivie 1935a: 14, mf, desc. (figs 3, 15–18); Comstock 1940: 374; Keegan 1955: 148; Vogel 1970b: 24

Distribution

Bastrop, Brewster, Carson, Culberson, Floyd, Garza, Howard, Johnson, Kent, Loving, Lubbock, Potter, Presidio

Locality

Big Bend Ranch State Park, Wildcat Bluff Nature Center

Caves

Culberson (Gully Cave, Jack Rabbit Cave)

Time of activity

Female (August – September)

Habitat

(grass: grassland); (landscape features: cave, sheltered rock face); (soil/woodland: saltcedar)

Method

pitfall trap

Type

Utah, Salt Lake City

Etymology

Greek, western

Collection

DMNS, JCC, NMSU, TAMU, TMM

Latrodectus mactans (Fabricius, 1775)

Latrodectus mactansAgnew et al. 1985: 3, 5; Breene and Sweet 1985: 332; Breene et al. 1993b: 648; Breene et al. 1993c: 27, 48, 56–57, mf (figs 23A-B, 24A-B); Brown 1974: 238; Calixto et al. 2013: 184; Cokendolpher 1993: 39; Dean and Sterling 1987: 6; Dean and Sterling 1990: 401, 404; Dean and Sterling 1992: 3–4; Dean et al. 1982: 254; Dean et al. 1988: 285–286; Gertsch 1939b: 24; Jackman 1997: 54, 56, desc., 169 (photo 18f); Jones 1936: 69; Kagan 1942: 17; Kagan 1943: 258; Kaston 1970: 37 [S], mf, desc. (figs 2, 3, 4a, 4c, 5, 12, 13a-d, g, i, k); Kaston 1972: 101, desc. (figs 225–227); Kaston 1978: 100, desc. (figs 243–245); Levi 1959c: 24, mf, desc. (figs 1, 5–7, 15, 19–21, 53–67, 72–79); Levi 1967: 185; Milstead 1958: 445; Nyffeler and Sterling 1994: 1295, 1298; Nyffeler et al. 1986: 200; Nyffeler et al. 1987c: 370; Nyffeler et al. 1988a: 55; Nyffeler et al. 1992a: 1181; Reddell 1964: 37; Reddell 1965: 177; Reddell 1967: 34, 54; Reddell 1970: 408; Reddell 1973: 41; Reddell and Cokendolpher 2004: 93; Rogers and Horner 1977: 523; Taber and Fleenor 2003: 237; Vogel 1970b: 24; Young and Edwards 1990: 23; Zhang et al. 2004: 349 [Levi 1967: 185, mf (figs 60–62)]

Latrodectus mactans mactans Fabricius, 1775; Chamberlin and Ivie 1935a: 13, mf, desc. (figs 2, 5, 19–20, 22); Keegan 1955: 148; Vogel 1970b: 24

Theridium lineamentum McCook, 1879; Banks 1910: 24

Distribution

Widespread; Bailey, Bexar, Brazos, Brewster, Brown, Burnet, Cameron, Childress, Clay, Comal, Comanche, Coryell, Dallam, Dallas, Edwards, Erath, Frio, Hardeman, Harris, Hidalgo, Houston, Jack, Kimble, Lamar, Limestone, Lubbock, McLennan, Medina, Nacogdoches, Presidio, Randall, Robertson, San Jacinto, San Patricio, San Saba, Shelby, Stonewall, Sutton, Terrell, Travis, Walker, Webb, Wichita, Williamson, Wise

Locality

Bentsen-Rio Grande Valley State Park, Bill Haney Pecan Orchard, Blackstone Ranch, Camp Arrowmoon, Chisos Basin, Chisos Mountains, Ellis Prison Unit, Holmes Pecan Orchard, Inks Lake State Park, La Mota Mountains, Lick Creek Park, Muleshoe National Wildlife Refuge, Stiles Farm Foundation, Welder Wildlife Refuge

Caves

Bexar (Strange Little Cave); Childress (Black Hand Cave); Comal (Little Brehmmer-Heidrich Cave); Edwards (Punkin Cave); Hardeman (Short Cave); Medina (Ney Cave, Weynand Cave); Randall (Big Rock Cave); San Saba (Dove Cave); Stonewall (Aspermont Bat Cave)

Time of activity

Male (March – September, November); female (February – December)

Habitat

(crops: cotton, guar, peanuts, sugarcane); (grass: grassland); (landscape features: cave, under stones); (nest/prey: mud dauber nest [mf], stomach of Cnemidophorus perplexus, stomach of Cnemidophorus sacki, stomach of Cnemidophorus tessellatus); (orchard: pecan); (plants: vegetation); (soil/woodland: clay soil brushland, hackberry woodland, live oak woodland, post oak savanna, post oak savanna with pasture, sandy brushland, sandy open prairie, tree, Quercus virginiana); (structures: barn, base of building, roof, storeroom, under porch, top of cellar doorway near entrance, warehouse)

Method

Beating [m]; beating/sweeping [m]; cardboard band [imm.]; D-Vac suction [m]; pitfall trap [mf]; suction trap [m]; sweeping [m]

Type

America

Etymology

Latin, unfavorable behavior, dangerous

Collection

DMNS, JCC, MSU, TAMU, TMM, TTU

Latrodectus variolus Walckenaer, 1837

Latrodectus variolusJackman 1997: 58, desc., 169; Kaston 1972: 101, desc. (figs 228–230); Kaston 1978: 101, desc. (figs 246–248); McCrone and Levi 1964: 13 (figs 3, 8–13) [Kaston 1970: 38 [S], mf, desc. (figs 4b, 5a, 6a-f, 7, 14a, b, f)]

Latrodectus curacaviensis (Muller, 1776); Levi 1959c: 38, mf, desc. (figs 2–4, 16–18, 35–36, 52, 68–71); Vogel 1970b: 24

Distribution

Brewster, Hunt, Pecos, Starr, Terrell, Webb

Locality

Chisos Basin, Chisos Mountains

Type

Georgia

Etymology

Latin, variable form

Collection

MSU

Genus Neopisinus Marques, Buckup & Rodrigues, 2011

Neopisinus cognatus (O. P.-Cambridge, 1893)

Neopisinus cognatusMarques et al. 2011: 374 [T]

Episinus cognatus O. P.-Cambridge, 1893; Jackman 1997: 169; Levi 1955b: 71, mf, desc. (figs 8–10, 21–22, 33, 41); Levi 1964b: 13; Levi 2005c: 239; Levi and Randolph 1975: 38; Vogel 1970b: 23

Distribution

Hidalgo

Locality

Lower Rio Grande Valley National Wildlife Refuge

Time of activity

Male (February 28-March 14, April); female (August – September)

Habitat

(orchard: orange); (soil/woodland: ebony-guayacan association)

Method

Flight intercept trap on ground [m]

Type

Mexico, Tabasco, Teapa

Etymology

Latin, related

Collection

TAMU

Genus Neospintharus Exline, 1950

Neospintharus furcatus (O. P.-Cambridge, 1894)

Neospintharus furcatusAgnarsson 2004: 479, 514 [T]

Argyrodes furcatus (O. P.-Cambridge, 1894); Bumroongsook et al. 1992: 18; Cokendolpher and Reddell 2001b: 54; Exline and Levi 1962: 116, mf, desc. (figs 84–88); Jackman 1997: 169; Levi and Randolph 1975: 36; Vogel 1970b: 22

Distribution

Anderson, Atascosa, Bastrop, Bell, Bexar, Brazos, Cameron, Frio, Harris, Harrison, Henderson, Hidalgo, Jasper, Kleberg, Montgomery, Newton, Polk, Starr, Travis

Locality

Fort Hood, Jones State Forest, Lick Creek Park, Santa Ana National Wildlife Refuge, Zilker Park

Caves

Bell ([all Fort Hood] Coyote Den Cave, Talking Crows Cave)

Time of activity

Male (April, June – July, September – November); female (April, October)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave); (soil/woodland: bottomland forest, Juniperus ashei, Ulmus crassifolia); (web: web of Tidarren sisyphoides)

Method

Beating [m]; flight intercept trap [m]; sweeping [m]

Type

Mexico, Tabasco, Teapa

Etymology

Latin, end of abdomen fish-tail or furcate termination

Collection

DMNS, TAMU, TMM

Neospintharus trigonum (Hentz, 1850)

Neospintharus trigonumAgnarsson 2004: 479 [T]; Bradley 2013: 229

Argyrodes trigonum (Hentz, 1850); Breene et al. 1993c: 26, 48, 56, mf (figs 21A-C); Dean et al. 1982: 254; Exline and Levi 1962: 122, mf, desc. (figs 66–78); Fox 1940: 40; Jackman 1997: 53, desc., 169; Levi and Randolph 1975: 36; Vogel 1970b: 23; Young and Edwards 1990: 23

Distribution

Brazos, Harris, Hunt, Polk, Travis, Walker

Locality

Ellis Prison Unit, Lick Creek Park, Sam Houston National Forest, Stubblefield Lake

Time of activity

Male (April, July); female (April, August)

Habitat

(crops: cotton); (soil/woodland: bottomland forest)

Method

Flight intercept trap [imm.]; suction trap [m]

Type

Alabama

Etymology

Greek, abdomen viewed sideways appears three-sided

Collection

DMNS, MSU, TAMU

Genus Nesticodes Archer, 1950

Nesticodes rufipes (Lucas, 1846)

Nesticodes rufipesJackman 1997: 169; Levi 2005c: 242; Platnick 1989: 198 [T]

Theridion rufipes Lucas, 1846; Jackman 1997: 169; Levi 1957a: 56, 116, mf, desc. (figs 188–193); Levi and Randolph 1975: 45; Vogel 1970b: 25

Distribution

Hays

Type

Algiers, Oran

Etymology

Latin, reddish legs

Genus Parasteatoda Archer, 1946

Parasteatoda tepidariorum (C. L. Koch, 1841)

Parasteatoda tepidariorumSaaristo 2006: 70 [T] (figs 60–63)

Achaearanea tepidariorum (C. L. Koch, 1841); Agnew et al. 1985: 6; Brown 1974: 237; Bumroongsook et al. 1992: 18; Dean and Sterling 1990: 401; Jackman 1997: 52, desc., 168 (photo 18a); Levi 1955a: 32, mf (figs 69–70, 83–84); Levi 1963b: 215; Levi and Randolph 1975: 36; Nyffeler et al. 1988a: 55; Reddell and Cokendolpher 2004: 93; Rice 1986: 124; Vogel 1970b: 22

Distribution

Eastern ½ Texas; Angelina, Aransas, Bexar, Brazos, Clay, Erath, Fort Bend, Galveston, Harris, Harrison, Hays, Henderson, Hidalgo, Houston, Jefferson, Jim Wells, Kerr, Llano, Lubbock, Montgomery, Nacogdoches, Robertson, San Patricio, Titus, Travis, Wichita

Locality

Lake Corpus Christi State Park, Lick Creek Park

Caves

Bexar (Robber Barron Cave); Hays (Ezell’s Cave); Kerr (Seven Room Cave); Llano (Enchanted Rock Cave)

Time of activity

Male (January, April, September – December); female (March – April, June, August – December)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave); (littoral: near water); (nest/prey: mud dauber nest [mf]); (structures: attached garage, barn, in [garage, house], indoors, storage area, window screen)

Method

suction trap [mf]

Type

Germany, Bavaria

Etymology

Latin, warm water referring to a Roman bath

Collection

DMNS, JCC, MSU, TAMU, TMM

Genus Paratheridula Levi, 1957

Paratheridula perniciosa (Keyserling, 1886)

Paratheridula perniciosa [Levi 1967: 176, mf, desc. (figs 1–4)]

Distribution

Travis

Time of activity

Female (November)

Type

Brazil, Blumenau

Etymology

Latin, rapid or swift

Collection

DMNS

Genus Pholcomma Thorell, 1869

Pholcomma hirsutum Emerton, 1882

Pholcomma hirsutumPlatnick 1998: 279 [spelling]

Pholcomma hirsuta Emerton, 1882 [Levi 1957d: 110, mf, desc. (figs 19–27)]

Distribution

Wichita

Type

Connecticut, Hamden, Mt. Carmel

Etymology

Latin, hairy

Collection

MSU

Genus Phoroncidia Westwood, 1835

Phoroncidia americana (Emerton, 1882)

Phoroncidia americanaGuarisco 2008a: 153; Jackman 1997: 169 [Levi 1964c: 74 [T]]

Oronota americana (Emerton, 1882) [Levi 1955c: 334, mf, desc. (figs 1–8)]

Distribution

Sabine, Travis (imm.)

Time of activity

Female (August 25-September 10)

Habitat

(soil/woodland: beech-magnolia forest, Juniperus ashei, Quercus buckleyi, Quercus virginiana, Ulmus crassifolia)

Method

Flight intercept trap [f]

Type

Massachusetts, Beverly and Danvers; Connecticut, New Haven

Etymology

locality (country)

Collection

TAMU

Genus Phycosoma O. P.-Cambridge, 1879

Phycosoma lineatipes (Bryant, 1933)

Phycosoma lineatipesFitzgerald and Sirvid 2004: 10 [T]

Dipoena alta Keyserling, 1886; Jackman 1997: 169; Levi 1963a: 159, f (figs 138–139); Levi and Randolph 1975: 37; Vogel 1970b: 23 [see note below]

Dipoena lineatipes Bryant, 1933; Levi 1953: 12, mf, desc. (figs 11–15, 120–121); Roberts 1979: 202, 205, mf, desc. (figs 58–87, 108–110); Vogel 1970b: 23

Distribution

Brazos, Harris, Travis

Locality

Lick Creek Park

Time of activity

Male (March – July, October); female (March – August)

Habitat

(littoral: sedge meadow); (soil/woodland: Juniperus ashei, Quercus buckleyi, Quercus virginiana, Ulmus crassifolia)

Method

Beating [mf]; sweeping [mf]

Type

Florida, Royal Palm Park

Etymology

Latin, striped legs

Collection

TAMU

Note

Texas record is Dipoena cathedralis Levi, 1953.

Genus Platnickina Koçak & Kemal, 2008

Platnickina alabamensis (Gertsch & Archer, 1942)

Platnickina alabamensisBradley 2013: 231; Koçak and Kemal 2008: 3 [T]

Theridion alabamense Gertsch and Archer, 1942; Agnew et al. 1985: 6; Jackman 1997: 169; Kaston 1978: 108, desc. (fig. 268); Levi 1957a: 58, 116, mf, desc. (figs 202–203, 206–208); Levi and Randolph 1975: 41

Distribution

Brazos, Burleson, Erath, Goliad, Matagorda

Locality

Adriance Pecan Orchard

Time of activity

Male (March, May, July)

Habitat

(orchard: pecan); (soil/woodland: trees)

Method

sweeping [m]

Type

Massachusetts, Wellesley

Etymology

locality (range of distribution)

Collection

TAMU

Platnickina antoni (Keyserling, 1884)

Platnickina antoniKoçak and Kemal 2008: 3 [T]

Theridium antonii Keyserling, 1884; Banks 1910: 19; Marx 1890: 519

Theridion antoni Keyserling, 1884; Petrunkevitch 1911: 191

Theridion antonii Keyserling, 1884; Fox 1940: 42; Jackman 1997: 169; Levi 1957a: 60, mf, desc. (figs 196–197, 205, 215–216, 219–220); Levi and Randolph 1975: 43; Roewer 1942: 501

Distribution

Bexar

Type

Texas (male, Bexar Co., San Antonio, no date, no collector, holotype, USNM)

Etymology

locality (city)

Platnickina mneon (Bösenberg & Strand, 1906)

Platnickina mneonKoçak and Kemal 2008: 3 [T]

Theridion adamsoni (Berland, 1934); Levi and Randolph 1975: 41; Vogel 1970b: 24

Coleosoma adamsoni (Berland, 1934); Jackman 1997: 169

Theridion hobbsi Gertsch and Archer, 1942; Levi 1957a: 62, 116, mf, desc. (figs 198–199, 209, 213–214)

Keijia mneon (Bösenberg and Strand, 1906); Yoshida 2001: 172 [S]

Distribution

Jefferson

Type

Japan

Etymology

Greek, mindful

Platnickina punctosparsa (Emerton, 1882)

Platnickina punctosparsaKoçak and Kemal 2008: 3 [T]

Theridion punctosparsum Emerton, 1882; Jackman 1997: 169; Vogel 1970b: 25 [Levi 1957a: 60, mf, desc. (figs 194–195, 204, 217–218, 220–221)]

Theridion punctisparsum Emerton, 1882; Jones 1936: 69

Distribution

Dallas

Type

Massachusetts, Salem

Etymology

Latin, white spot on abdomen

Genus Rhomphaea L. Koch, 1872

Rhomphaea fictilium (Hentz, 1850)

Rhomphaea fictiliumAgnarsson 2004: 480 [T]

Argyrodes fictilium (Hentz, 1850); Dean et al. 1988: 286; Exline and Levi 1962: 103, mf, desc. (figs 6–7, 26–28); Jackman 1997: 169; Kaston 1978: 103, desc. (fig. 253C); Levi and Randolph 1975: 36; Vogel 1970b: 22

Rhomphea fictilum (Hentz, 1850); Knutson et al. 2010: 516

Distribution

Dallas, Denton, Erath (imm.), Houston, Howard, Travis

Time of activity

Female (September)

Habitat

(grass: pasture); (soil/woodland: saltcedar)

Method

D-Vac suction [f]; suction trap [imm.]

Type

Alabama

Etymology

Latin, to make

Collection

NMSU, TAMU

Rhomphaea projiciens O. P.-Cambridge, 1896

Rhomphaea projiciensAgnarsson 2004: 480 [T]

Argyrodes projiciens O. P.-Cambridge, 1896; Exline and Levi 1962: 106, mf, desc. (figs 8–10, 29–31); Jackman 1997: 169; Levi and Randolph 1975: 36; Vogel 1970b: 23

Rhomphea projiciens (O. P.-Cambridge, 1896); Knutson et al. 2010: 516

Distribution

Brazos, Cameron, Hidalgo, Howard, Kerr, Liberty, Travis, Tyler, Walker, Washington

Locality

Ellis Prison Unit, Lick Creek Park, Sabal Palm Audubon Sanctuary

Time of activity

Male (June – August, October); female (February, May, July – October)

Habitat

(crops: cotton); (soil/woodland: forest, palm forest margin [resaca bank], post oak savanna, saltcedar, trees, trees/shrubs, Juniperus ashei, Quercus buckleyi, Ulmus crassifolia)

Method

Beating [mf]; pitfall trap [m]; sweeping [m]

Type

Mexico, Tabasco, Teapa

Etymology

Latin, abdomen and clypeus project forward

Collection

MSU, NMSU, TAMU

Genus Spintharus Hentz, 1850

Spintharus flavidus Hentz, 1850

Spintharus flavidusBradley 2013: 232; Jackman 1997: 169; Kaston 1978: 102, desc. (fig. 252); Levi 1963d: 225, mf (figs 1, 2k-u, w, 3–9); Levi and Randolph 1975: 40; Vogel 1970b: 24

Distribution

Hardin

Type

Alabama

Etymology

Latin, of golden yellow

Genus Steatoda Sundevall, 1833

Steatoda alamosa Gertsch, 1960

Steatoda alamosaGertsch 1960b: 41 [S, part], mf, desc. (figs 53, 59–60, 68–69); Levi and Randolph 1975: 41; Vogel 1967: 136; Vogel 1970b: 24

Lithyphantes pulcher Keyserling, 1884; Milstead 1958: 445

Steatoda pulcher (Keyserling, 1884); Jackman 1997: 169; Levi 1957b: 393 [T], m, desc. (fig. 40) [male misidentified]

Steatoda pulchra (Keyserling, 1884); Vogel 1970b: 24

Distribution

Archer, Brewster, Brown, Concho, Culberson, Hunt, Jeff Davis, Kendall, Kerr, McCulloch, Presidio, Terrell

Locality

Big Bend National Park, Chisos Basin, Chisos Mountains, Davis Mountains, La Mota Mountains, Mount Locke Observatory, Raven Ranch

Time of activity

Male (March, May); female (March, May, July – September, December)

Habitat

(grass: grass); (landscape features: under rock); (nest/prey: stomach of Cnemidophorus perplexus, stomach of Cnemidophorus tigris)

Type

Texas (male, Brewster Co., Chisos Mountains, Chisos Basin, May 28, 1952, W. J. Gertsch, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Spanish, cottonwood

Collection

MSU

Steatoda borealis (Hentz, 1850)

Steatoda borealisJackman 1997: 169; Kaston 1978: 113, desc. (fig. 281); Levi 1957b: 422, mf, desc. (figs 116–118, 148–154); Levi and Randolph 1975: 40; Vogel 1970b: 24

Distribution

Jeff Davis, Knox, McLennan

Time of activity

Female (September)

Type

United States

Etymology

Latin, northern

Collection

MSU

Steatoda mexicana Levi, 1957

Steatoda mexicanaJackman 1997: 169; Levi 1957b: 417, mf, desc. (figs 98–103, 124–128); Levi and Randolph 1975: 41; Vogel 1970b: 24

Distribution

Brewster, Walker

Locality

Big Bend National Park, Chisos Mountains

Time of activity

Female (October)

Type

Mexico, Guerrero, Omiltemi

Etymology

locality (country, new name)

Steatoda punctulata (Marx, 1898)

Steatoda punctulataGertsch 1960b: 11 [S, part], mf, desc. (figs 3–5, 11–13, 26–27) [see note below]; Levi 1959d: 109; Levi and Randolph 1975: 41; Vogel 1970b: 24

Steatoda medialis Levi, 1957; Levi 1957b: 388, mf, desc. (figs 34, 44, 55) [part]; Vogel 1970b: 24 [part]

Distribution

Brewster, Hidalgo, Kerr, Llano, Starr, Terrell, Travis, Webb, Zapata

Locality

Enchanted Rock, Raven Ranch

Time of activity

Male (March – April, July – August, November); female (February – August, October – December)

Type

Mexico, Baja California

Etymology

Latin, markings on abdomen

Collection

MSU

Note

32 miles E Laredo and 32 miles SW Laredo should be 32 miles SE Laredo in Zapata Co. based on other records from this date.

Steatoda quadrimaculata (O. P.-Cambridge, 1896)

Steatoda quadrimaculataBrown 1974: 238; Dean and Eger 1986: 141; Irungu 2007: 31; Jackman 1997: 169; Levi 1957b: 385, mf, desc. (figs 28–31); Levi and Randolph 1975: 41; Vogel 1970b: 24

Distribution

Chambers, Hidalgo, Nacogdoches, Starr, Victoria

Locality

Bentsen-Rio Grande Valley State Park

Time of activity

Male (April, May 25-June 8, August, October, November); female (July)

Habitat

(crops: cabbage); (nest/prey: mud dauber nest [f]); (plants: Indian paintbrush); (soil/woodland: ground); (structures: on house, patio)

Method

pitfall trap [m]; sweeping [m]

Type

Guatemala, Antigua

Etymology

Latin, four white spots forming quadrangle on abdomen

Collection

TAMU

Steatoda transversa (Banks, 1898)

Steatoda transversaAgnew et al. 1985: 3, 9; Calixto et al. 2013: 184; Dean and Eger 1986: 141; Irungu 2007: 31; Jackman 1997: 169; Levi 1957b: 383 [spelling], mf, desc. (figs 23–27); Levi and Randolph 1975: 41; Young and Edwards 1990: 23

Steatoda transversus (Banks, 1898); Vogel 1970b: 24

Distribution

Brazos, Burleson, Colorado, Comanche, Coryell, Erath, Hays, Hidalgo

Locality

Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge, Bill Haney Pecan Orchard, Somerville Lake

Time of activity

Male (April – September); female (June, September)

Habitat

(crops: cabbage, peanuts); (littoral: near pond); (orchard: pecan); (plants: Indian paintbrush); (structures: lawn)

Method

pitfall trap [mf] (near pond [m]); suction trap [f]; sweeping [m]

Type

Mexico, Baja California, El Taste

Etymology

Latin, abdomen with transverse band

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Steatoda triangulosa (Walckenaer, 1802)

Steatoda triangulosaAgnew et al. 1985: 3; Bradley 2013: 233; Breene et al. 1993a: 169; Breene et al. 1993c: 27, 48, 56, mf (figs 22A-C); Brown 1974: 238; Dean et al. 1982: 254; Horner and Russell 1986: 142; Jackman 1997: 59, desc., 169 (photo 18i); Levi 1957b: 407 [T], mf, desc. (figs 75–76, 80–82); Levi 1962: 25; Levi and Randolph 1975: 41; MacKay and Vinson 1989: 232; Rice 1986: 124; Roberts 2001: 48; Tugmon et al. 1990: 43–44; Vogel 1970b: 24; Young and Edwards 1990: 23

Teutana triangulosa Walckenaer, 1802; Jones 1936: 69

Distribution

Anderson, Archer, Atascosa, Bexar, Brazos, Clay, Dallas, Erath, Fort Bend, Haskell, Hidalgo, Kerr, Lubbock, McLennan, Montague, Nacogdoches, Nueces, Potter, Robertson, San Patricio, Shelby, Taylor, Travis, Walker, Wichita

Locality

Ellis Prison Unit, Lake Corpus Christi State Park, Riley Estate, Wildcat Bluff Nature Center

Time of activity

Male (January – April, June, August – December); female (January – December)

Habitat

(crops: cotton, peanuts); (landscape features: culvert, under wooden bridge); (nest/prey: mud dauber nest [mf]); (objects: water meter housing); (orchard: citrus); (soil/woodland: bark of Brazil tree); (structures: around house, behind old boards in [attic, lab, warehouse], house, indoors, on [house by door, wall in lab])

Type

France, Paris

Etymology

Latin, markings on abdomen

Collection

DMNS, JCC, MSU, TAMU

Steatoda variata Gertsch, 1960

Steatoda variataBroussard and Horner 2006: 255; Gertsch 1960b: 24 [S, part], mf, desc. (figs 23–25, 34–44); Levi and Randolph 1975: 41; Richman et al. 2011a: 46; Vogel 1970b: 24

Steatoda medialis (Banks, 1898); Agnew et al. 1985: 3 [misidentified]; Jackman 1997: 169; Levi 1957b: 388, m, desc. (fig. 35); Vogel 1970b: 24 [part]; Young and Edwards 1990: 23 [Texas records, male misidentified, see punctulata]

Distribution

El Paso, Erath, Hudspeth, Jeff Davis, Maverick, Presidio, Reeves, Wise

Locality

Big Bend Ranch State Park, Chihuahuan desert, Dalquest Research Site, Davis Mountains, Fort Hancock, La Mota Mountains

Time of activity

Male (June); female (May – June, August – October)

Habitat

(crops: peanuts); (plants: vegetation)

Method

Beating [f]; pitfall trap [mf]

Type

Arizona

Etymology

Latin, variable

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Steatoda variata china Gertsch, 1960

Steatoda variata chinaGertsch 1960b: 29, mf, desc; Levi and Randolph 1975: 41; Vogel 1967: 137; Vogel 1970b: 24

Distribution

Starr

Time of activity

Male (April)

Type

Mexico, Nuevo Leon, China

Etymology

locality (town)

Genus Stemmops O. P.-Cambridge, 1894

Stemmops bicolor O. P.-Cambridge, 1894

Stemmops bicolorJackman 1997: 169; Levi 1955c: 338, mf, desc. (figs 14, 17–18, 35–36); Levi and Randolph 1975: 41; Vogel 1970b: 24

Distribution

Cameron, Hidalgo, Kenedy, Starr

Locality

Big Tree-Vine Association, Santa Ana National Wildlife Refuge

Time of activity

Male (January, January 30-February 2, March 3-April 4, May, September – October); female (February, March 3-April 4, September)

Habitat

(soil/woodland: forest, oak savanna)

Method

carrion trap [m]; flight intercept trap [mf]

Type

Mexico, Tabasco, Teapa

Etymology

Latin, two colors

Collection

TAMU

Genus Theridion Walckenaer, 1805

Theridion australe Banks, 1899

Theridion australeAgnew et al. 1985: 3, 9; Breene 1988: 23–24, 35; Breene et al. 1988: 180; Breene et al. 1989: 162; Breene et al. 1993b: 648; Breene et al. 1993c: 28, 48, 60, mf (figs 31A-B); Breene et al. 1994: 8; Brown 1974: 238; Bumroongsook et al. 1992: 18; Calixto et al. 2013: 185; Dean and Sterling 1987: 6; Dean and Sterling 1990: 401, 404; Dean et al. 1982: 254; Dean et al. 1987: 268; Dean et al. 1988: 286; Jackman 1997: 60, desc., 169; Levi 1957a: 41, 115, mf, desc. (figs 131–132, 148–151); Li 1990: 137, 142, 144; Liao et al. 1984: 410; Nyffeler et al. 1988a: 55; Nyffeler et al. 1988b: 215; Vincent and Frankie 1985: 380; Vogel 1970b: 24; Young and Edwards 1990: 24

Distribution

Archer, Bee, Brazos, Burleson, Cameron, Collin, Colorado, Comanche, Coryell, Crosby, Delta, Erath, Hays, Hidalgo, Houston, Hunt, Kaufman, Kenedy, Nacogdoches, Nueces, Robertson, San Patricio, Travis, Victoria, Walker, Wilbarger

Locality

Adriance Pecan Orchard, Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge, Bill Haney Pecan Orchard, Ellis Prison Unit, Holmes Pecan Orchard, South Padre Island, Storey Pecan Orchard

Time of activity

Male (January, April – October); female (January, May – September, November – December)

Habitat

(crops: cotton, peanuts, sugarcane, watermelon); (grass: grass, grassland, pasture); (landscape features: under rock); (nest/prey: mud dauber nest [f]); (orchard: grapefruit, pecan); (plants: miscellaneous vegetation, orchid, ornamental bush); (soil/woodland: live oak, post oak savanna with pasture)

Method

cardboard band [m]; D-Vac suction [mf]; pitfall trap [mf]; suction trap [mf]; sweeping [mf]

Eggs/spiderlings

Nueces [13 spiderlings] [TAMU]

Type

Louisiana, Shreveport

Etymology

Latin, southern

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Theridion cameronense Levi, 1957

Theridion cameronenseJackman 1997: 169; Levi 1957a: 40, f, desc. (figs 114–115); Levi 1959b: 81; Levi and Randolph 1975: 43; Vogel 1967: 139

Distribution

Cameron

Type

Texas (female, Cameron Co., Harlingen, no date, no collector, holotype, AMNH)

[male unknown]

Etymology

locality (county)

Theridion cinctipes Banks, 1898

Theridion cinctipesAgnew et al. 1985: 3; Dean and Sterling 1990: 404; Jackman 1997: 169; Levi 1957a: 29 [T], m, desc. (figs 87–88, 99); Levi 1959b: 80; Levi and Randolph 1975: 43; Petrunkevitch 1911: 193; Roewer 1942: 502; Young and Edwards 1990: 24

Theridium cinctipes Banks, 1898; Banks 1898a: 186, m, desc.; Banks 1910: 19; Bonnet 1959: 4460

Distribution

Brazos, Brown, Comanche, Coryell, Erath, Jasper, Walker

Locality

Ellis Prison Unit

Time of activity

Male (June, June 28-July 5, August)

Habitat

(crops: peanuts); (soil/woodland: post oak savanna with pasture)

Method

pitfall trap [m]; suction trap [m]

Type

Texas (male, Brown Co., Brownwood, no date, no collector, holotype, MCZ)

[female unknown]

Etymology

Latin, markings on dorsum

Collection

TAMU

Theridion cynicum Gertsch & Mulaik, 1936

Theridion cynicumGertsch and Mulaik 1936b: 10, m, desc. (fig. 12); Jackman 1997: 169; Levi 1957a: 39 [T], 115, mf, desc. (figs 126–128); Levi 1959b: 81; Levi and Randolph 1975: 43; Roewer 1942: 502; Vogel 1970b: 25; Vogel and Durden 1972: 1

Theridium cynicum Gertsch and Mulaik, 1936; Bonnet 1959: 4464

Distribution

Hidalgo, Jim Wells, Kleberg, Llano, Travis

Locality

Bentsen-Rio Grande Valley State Park

Time of activity

Male (May, July, September); female (August, October)

Type

Texas (male, Hidalgo Co., Edinburg, May 27, 1935, S. Mulaik, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Greek, snarling or dog-like

Collection

DMNS

Theridion differens Emerton, 1882

Theridion differensJackman 1997: 169; Levi 1957a: 32, 114, mf, desc. (figs 100–101, 104–106); Marx 1890: 519; Vogel 1970b: 25

Distribution

Brown, Burleson, Cherokee, Denton, Fannin, Freestone, Henderson, Hunt, Navarro, Titus

Time of activity

Male (May, August); female (August)

Habitat

(plants: miscellaneous vegetation); (soil/woodland: shrubs, trees)

Method

Beating [mf]; sweeping [mf]

Type

Massachusetts, Saugus

Etymology

Latin, difference in size and color of sexes greater than other species

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Theridion dilutum Levi, 1957

Theridion dilutumAgnew et al. 1985: 6; Jackman 1997: 169; Knutson et al. 2010: 516; Levi 1957a: 37, 115, mf, desc. (figs 112–113, 123–125); Levi and Randolph 1975: 43; Vogel 1967: 141; Vogel 1970b: 25

Distribution

Concho, Coryell, Dickens, Erath, Foard, Hamilton, Hidalgo, Howard, Kimble, Llano, Menard, Scurry, Travis, Uvalde, Val Verde

Locality

Frontera Audubon, Garner State Park, Lake Thomas, Seminole Canyon State Park

Time of activity

Male (April – July); female (May – August)

Habitat

(orchard: grapefruit, orange); (plants: roadside vegetation); (soil/woodland: juniper, post oak savanna with pasture, saltcedar, trees/shrubs, under oak, Juniperus ashei, Quercus buckleyi, Quercus virginiana, Ulmus crassifolia); (structures: greenhouse)

Method

Beating [mf]; pitfall trap [m] (under oak [m]); sweeping [mf]

Type

Texas (male, Hidalgo Co., S of Pharr, April 5, 1936, S. Mulaik, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Latin, diluted

Collection

MSU, NMSU, TAMU

Theridion dividuum Gertsch & Archer, 1942

Theridion dividuumAgnew et al. 1985: 6; Dean and Sterling 1990: 401; Jackman 1997: 169 [Levi 1957a: 25, mf, desc. (figs 67–68, 71–74)]

Distribution

Brazos, Coryell, Erath, Uvalde

Locality

Garner State Park

Time of activity

Male (April, June – September); female (July – August)

Habitat

(soil/woodland: post oak savanna with pasture)

Method

pitfall trap [m]; suction trap [mf]

Type

Alabama, Pea River Project

Etymology

Latin, divided

Collection

TAMU

Theridion dulcineum Gertsch & Archer, 1942

Theridion dulcineum [Levi 1957a: 26, mf, desc. (figs 69–70, 75–76)]

Distribution

Gonzales

Time of activity

Female (October)

Type

Alabama, Cypress Creek

Etymology

Latin, sweet

Collection

DMNS

Theridion flavonotatum Becker, 1879

Theridion flavonotatumBreene et al. 1993c: 28, 48, 63, mf (figs 37A-B); Brown 1974: 238; Jackman 1997: 169; Levi 1957a: 34, 114, mf, desc. (figs 102–103, 107–109); Levi and Randolph 1975: 43; Vogel 1970b: 25

Distribution

Angelina, Brazos, Coryell, Hidalgo, Houston, Lavaca, Marion, Montgomery, Nacogdoches, Polk, Shelby, Travis, Tyler, Walker, Wichita

Locality

Ellis Prison Unit, Jones State Forest, Lick Creek Park, Sam Houston National Forest, Stubblefield Lake

Time of activity

Male (April – May, July – August); female (April – August)

Habitat

(crops: cotton); (littoral: sedge meadow); (plants: miscellaneous vegetation, vegetation); (soil/woodland: bottomland forest, post oak savanna with pasture, shrubs, trees, Quercus virginiana, Ulmus crassifolia); (structures: abandoned shack)

Method

Beating [mf]; flight intercept trap [m]; pitfall trap [f]; suction trap [m]; sweeping [mf]

Type

Mississippi, Pascagoula

Etymology

Latin, yellow spots

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Theridion frondeum Hentz, 1850

Theridion frondeum [Levi 1957a: 81, mf, desc. (figs 288–289, 298–299)]

Distribution

Bexar, Brazoria

Locality

Ramsey Prison Farm

Time of activity

Female (August)

Type

Alabama

Etymology

Latin, referring to a leaf (pattern?)

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Theridion glaucescens Becker, 1879

Theridion glaucescensBreene et al. 1993c: 28, 48, 63, mf (figs 36A-C); Dean and Sterling 1990: 404; Dean et al. 1982: 254; Guarisco 2008b: 5; Jackman 1997: 169; Jackman et al. 2007: 199; Kaston 1972: 111, desc. (fig. 248); Kaston 1978: 108, desc. (fig. 266); Levi 1957a: 44, 115, mf, desc. (figs 152–153, 155–156); Levi and Randolph 1975: 43; Vogel 1970b: 25; Young and Edwards 1990: 24

Distribution

Burnet, Fannin, Hays, Hunt, Nacogdoches, Walker, Washington

Locality

Ellis Prison Unit, Inks Lake State Park, Lake Tawakoni State Park

Time of activity

Male (April, June – August); female (June, August – September)

Habitat

(crops: cotton); (soil/woodland: trees, trees/shrubs); (web: large spider web)

Method

Beating [mf]; suction trap [m]

Type

Mississippi, Pascagoula

Etymology

Greek, silvery

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Theridion goodnightorum Levi, 1957

Theridion goodnightorumJackman 1997: 169; Knutson et al. 2010: 516; Levi 1957a: 41, 115, mf, desc. (figs 129–130, 145–147); Levi and Randolph 1975: 43; Vogel 1970b: 25

Distribution

Crockett, Howard, Hutchinson, Lubbock, Wichita

Locality

Johnson Ranch

Time of activity

Male (August); female (April, August)

Habitat

(soil/woodland: saltcedar, under log)

Method

Beating [m]

Type

Colorado, Blanca

Etymology

Person (collectors, C. and M. Goodnight)

Collection

JCC, MSU, NMSU, TAMU

Theridion hidalgo Levi, 1957

Theridion hidalgoAgnew et al. 1985: 3, 9; Breene et al. 1993c: 28, 48, 62, mf (figs 35A-C); Bumroongsook et al. 1992: 18; Dean and Sterling 1987: 6; Dean and Sterling 1990: 401; Jackman 1997: 60, desc., 169; Levi 1957a: 43, 115, mf, desc. (figs 133–134, 139–141); Levi 1959b: 83; Levi and Randolph 1975: 43; Vogel 1967: 142; Young and Edwards 1990: 24

Theridion hildalgo Levi, 1957; Vincent and Frankie 1985: 380

Distribution

Andrews, Brazos, Cameron, Collin, Comanche, Coryell, Ellis, Erath, Falls, Gregg, Hidalgo, Kendall, Kerr, Kimble, Kleberg, Llano, McLennan, Mills, Real, Robertson, Scurry, Shackelford, Starr, Sutton, Travis, Uvalde, Val Verde, Walker, Zapata

Locality

Bill Haney Pecan Orchard, Ellis Prison Unit, Garner State Park, Holmes Pecan Orchard, Lake Thomas, Seminole Canyon State Park

Time of activity

Male (February – August, October); female (March – October)

Habitat

(crops: cotton, peanuts); (orchard: grapefruit, orange, sour orange); (plants: roadside vegetation, Baccharis); (soil/woodland: juniper, live oak, post oak savanna with pasture, trees, trees/shrubs, Juniperus ashei, Quercus buckleyi, Quercus virginiana, Ulmus crassifolia)

Method

Beating [mf]; cardboard band [f]; D-Vac suction [m]; fogging [mf]; suction trap [mf]; sweeping [mf]

Type

Texas (male, Starr Co., 5 miles W Rio Grande City, April 10, 1936, S. Mulaik, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

undetermined (not county)

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Theridion kawea Levi, 1957

Theridion kawea [Levi 1957a: 48, f, desc. (figs 118–119)]

Distribution

Presidio

Time of activity

Female (April, September)

Habitat

(plants: Baccharis); (soil/woodland: saltcedar, willow)

Type

California, Kawea River, 5 miles E Three Rivers

[male known but not described, deposited at TAMU]

Etymology

locality (river)

Collection

TAMU

Theridion llano Levi, 1957

Theridion llanoAgnew et al. 1985: 3, 9; Dean and Sterling 1990: 401; Jackman 1997: 169; Levi 1957a: 28, mf, desc. (figs 77–80); Levi and Randolph 1975: 45; Reddell 1965: 177; Vogel 1967: 143; Vogel 1970b: 25; Young and Edwards 1990: 24

Distribution

Brazos, Coryell, Dickens, Erath, Hardeman, Hidalgo, Llano, Starr, Val Verde

Locality

Seminole Canyon State Park

Caves

Hardeman (Campsey Cave)

Time of activity

Male (June – September); female (April – May, July – August)

Habitat

(crops: peanuts); (landscape features: cave); (soil/woodland: post oak savanna with pasture, trees/shrubs)

Method

Beating [f]; pitfall trap [m]; suction trap [m]

Type

Texas (male, Llano Co., Llano, July 9, 1936, L. I. Davis, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

locality (city)

Collection

MSU, TAMU, TMM

Theridion murarium Emerton, 1882

Theridion murariumAgnew et al. 1985: 3; Breene et al. 1993c: 28, 48, 61, mf (figs 32A–C); Bumroongsook et al. 1992: 17; Calixto et al. 2013: 185; Dean and Eger 1986: 141; Dean and Sterling 1990: 401, 404; Dean et al. 1982: 254; Dean et al. 1988: 286; Jackman 1997: 60, desc., 169; Kagan 1942: 16; Kagan 1943: 258; Levi 1957a: 22, 113, mf, desc. (figs 12, 57–58, 61–63); Li 1990: 137, 142, 144; Vincent and Frankie 1985: 380; Vogel 1970b: 25; Young and Edwards 1990: 24

Distribution

Widespread; Angelina, Archer, Bandera, Brazos, Brown, Burleson, Burnet, Cameron, Coke, Comal, Comanche, Concho, Coryell, Crockett, Dallas, Eastland, Edwards, Erath, Falls, Gaines, Gillespie, Hall, Hidalgo, Houston, Kerr, Kimble, Lamar, Liberty, McLennan, Medina, Mitchell, Navarro, Panola, Pecos, Robertson, Shelby, Sutton, Travis, Uvalde, Walker, Wichita, Young

Locality

Adriance Pecan Orchard, Bill Haney Pecan Orchard, Ellis Prison Unit, Garner State Park, Holmes Pecan Orchard, Inks Lake State Park, Lost Maples State Park, Proctor Lake, Vinson Pecan Farm

Time of activity

Male (March – August); female (April – September, November)

Habitat

(crops: cotton, peanuts); (grass: grass, grassland, pasture); (orchard: orange, pecan); (plants: bluebonnets, Indian paintbrush, miscellaneous vegetation); (soil/woodland: elm, juniper, live oak, oak, post oak savanna with pasture, trees/shrubs, woods, Juniperus ashei, Quercus buckleyi, Quercus virginiana, Ulmus crassifolia)

Method

Beating [mf]; cardboard band [mf]; fogging [mf]; irrigation tubing [f]; suction trap [m]; sweeping [mf]; tile trap [f]

Eggs/spiderlings

Robertson [eggsac hatch August 18, 2001, 48 spiderlings] [TAMU]

Type

Massachusetts, Salem

Etymology

Latin, mouse-like

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Theridion myersi Levi, 1957

Theridion myersiBreene et al. 1993b: 648; Jackman 1997: 169 [Levi 1957a: 31, mf, desc. (figs 95–98)]

Distribution

Cameron, Hidalgo, Willacy

Time of activity

Male (March 26-April 2, August, October – November, November 20-December 4); female (January 29-February 6, March 26-April 2, April, August – December)

Habitat

(crops: sugarcane); (grass: grass); (orchard: orange, sour orange, Valley lemon)

Method

D-Vac suction [mf]; pitfall trap [mf]

Type

Florida, Fort Myers

Etymology

locality (city)

Collection

TAMU

Theridion positivum Chamberlin, 1924

Theridion positivumCalixto et al. 2013: 185; Dean and Sterling 1990: 401; Jackman 1997: 169; Levi 1957a: 68 [S], 117, mf, desc. (figs 237–239, 243–246); Levi 1959b: 114; Levi 1963c: 565; Levi 2005c: 240; Levi and Randolph 1975: 45; Vogel 1970b: 25

Theridion detractum Gertsch and Mulaik, 1936; Gertsch and Mulaik 1936b: 14, f, desc. (fig. 27); Roewer 1942: 502

Theridium detractum Gertsch and Mulaik, 1936; Bonnet 1959: 4468

Distribution

Brazos, Burleson, Cameron, Edwards, Hidalgo, Jim Wells, Kleberg, Medina, Robertson, Starr, Travis, Uvalde, Zapata

Locality

Frontera Audubon, Garner State Park, Holmes Pecan Orchard, Vinson Pecan Farm

Time of activity

Male (April, June – October); female (July – November)

Habitat

(orchard: grapefruit, Mexican lime, orange, pecan, sour orange, tangerine); (soil/woodland: post oak savanna with pasture, Ulmus crassifolia)

Method

cardboard band [mf]; fogging [m]; pitfall trap [m]; suction trap [m]; sweeping [m]

Type

Mexico, Gulf of California, Pond Island

Etymology

Latin, positive

Collection

TAMU

Theridion rabuni Chamberlin & Ivie, 1944

Theridion rabuniAgnew et al. 1985: 3, 9; Breene et al. 1993c: 28, 48, 62, mf (figs 34A-B); Dean and Sterling 1987: 6; Dean and Sterling 1990: 401; Jackman 1997: 169; Levi 1957a: 28, 114, mf, desc. (figs 81–86); Levi and Randolph 1975: 45; Nyffeler et al. 1988a: 55; Young and Edwards 1990: 24

Distribution

Brazos, Colorado, Comanche, Coryell, Crockett, Dallam, Erath, Floyd, Hale, Hidalgo, Hockley, Houston, Lubbock, Terry

Locality

Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge, Frontera Audubon

Time of activity

Male (April – September); female (June – September, November)

Habitat

(crops: cotton, peanuts); (orchard: grapefruit); (soil/woodland: juniper, post oak savanna with pasture)

Method

Beating [f]; D-Vac suction [mf]; pitfall trap [mf]; suction trap [mf]

Type

Georgia, Tallulah Falls

Etymology

undetermined

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Theridion submissum Gertsch & Davis, 1936

Theridion submissumGertsch and Davis 1936: 10, m, desc. (fig. 21); Jackman 1997: 169; Levi 1957a: 38, 115, m, desc. (figs 116–117); Levi 1959b: 84 [T], f, desc. (figs 89–90); Levi and Randolph 1975: 45; Roewer 1942: 505; Vogel 1970b: 25

Theridium submissum Gertsch and Davis, 1936; Bonnet 1959: 4535

Distribution

Brewster

Locality

Big Bend National Park, Chisos Mountains

Time of activity

Male (July)

Type

Texas (male, Brewster Co., Chisos Mountains, July 1935, L. I. Davis, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Latin, submissive

Genus Theridula Emerton, 1882

Theridula opulenta (Walckenaer, 1841)

Theridula opulentaDean and Sterling 1990: 404; Jackman 1997: 169; Kaston 1972: 106; Kaston 1978: 104; Levi 1954c: 334, mf, desc. (figs 9–13); Levi 1966: 126; Levi and Randolph 1975: 47; Vogel 1970b: 25

Distribution

East Texas; Bowie, Harrison, Jasper, Newton, Polk, Walker

Locality

Ellis Prison Unit

Time of activity

Male (May – July); female (May)

Method

suction trap [m]

Type

Georgia

Etymology

Latin, magnificent

Collection

TAMU

Genus Thymoites Keyserling, 1884

Thymoites expulsus (Gertsch & Mulaik, 1936)

Thymoites expulsusAgnew et al. 1985: 3; Breene et al. 1993b: 648; Breene et al. 1993c: 28, 48, 60, mf (figs 29A-B); Dean and Eger 1986: 141; Dean and Sterling 1987: 6; Jackman 1997: 169; Levi 1964a: 469 [T]; Levi and Randolph 1975: 47; Vogel 1970b: 25; Young and Edwards 1990: 24

Theridion expulsum Gertsch and Mulaik, 1936; Gertsch and Mulaik 1936b: 9, mf, desc. (figs 16–17); Roewer 1942: 503

Theridium expulsum Gertsch and Mulaik, 1936; Bonnet 1959: 4471

Paidisca expulsa (Gertsch and Mulaik, 1936); Levi 1957a: 109 [T], 120, mf, desc. (figs 400, 416–417)

Distribution

Cameron, Colorado, Erath, Hidalgo, Llano, Nueces, Travis, Uvalde, Val Verde, Wharton

Locality

Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge, Bentsen-Rio Grande Valley State Park, Garner State Park, Piper’s Lake, Seminole Canyon State Park

Time of activity

Male (March – August); female (March – April, June – August)

Habitat

(crops: cotton, peanuts, sugarcane); (grass: grass); (orchard: grapefruit); (plants: bluebonnets); (soil/woodland: Juniperus ashei)

Method

Beating [m]; D-Vac suction [mf]; suction trap [mf]; sweeping [mf]

Type

Texas (male, Hidalgo Co., Edinburg, March and April, 1934, S. Mulaik, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Latin, driven out

Collection

TAMU

Thymoites illudens (Gertsch & Mulaik, 1936)

Thymoites illudensJackman 1997: 169; Levi and Randolph 1975: 47 [T]; Vogel 1970b: 25

Paidisca illudens Gertsch and Mulaik, 1936; Bonnet 1958: 3299; Gertsch and Mulaik 1936b: 3, mf, desc. (figs 20–21); Levi 1957a: 110, 120, mf, desc. (figs 396, 399, 414–415); Roewer 1942: 392

Sphyrotinus illudens (Gertsch and Mulaik, 1936); Levi 1959b: 145 [T]

Distribution

Cameron, Hidalgo

Locality

Bentsen-Rio Grande Valley State Park

Time of activity

Male (January, April, December); female (November – December)

Habitat

(nest/prey: nest of Neotoma micropus)

Type

Texas (male, Cameron Co., Brownsville, January 5, 1928, F. E. Lutz, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Latin, deceiving

Collection

TAMU

Thymoites marxi (Crosby, 1906)

Thymoites marxiJackman 1997: 169; Levi and Randolph 1975: 47 [T]; Vogel 1970b: 25

Paidisca marxi (Crosby, 1906); Gertsch and Mulaik 1936b: 5 [see note below]; Levi 1957a: 111, 120, mf, desc. (figs 393–395, 401, 418–419)

Distribution

Frio, Harris, Hidalgo, Jasper, Starr, Zapata [not Webb]

Time of activity

Male (July, November); female (February, July)

Type

Tennessee, Beersheba; Washington D. C.

Etymology

Person (from Marx collection)

Note

32 miles E Laredo should be 32 miles SE Laredo in Zapata Co. based on other records from this date.

Thymoites missionensis (Levi, 1957)

Thymoites missionensisJackman 1997: 169; Levi and Randolph 1975: 47 [T]

Paidisca missionensis Levi, 1957; Levi 1957a: 102, mf, desc. (figs 380–383); Vogel 1967: 135

Sphyrotinus missionensis (Levi, 1957); Levi 1959b: 157 [T]

Distribution

Hidalgo

Locality

Santa Ana National Wildlife Refuge

Time of activity

Female (March, May)

Type

Mexico, Nuevo Leon, 76 miles N Monterrey

Etymology

locality (city, Mission, Texas)

Collection

TAMU

Thymoites pallidus (Emerton, 1913)

Thymoites pallidusAgnew et al. 1985: 6; Dean and Sterling 1990: 401; Jackman 1997: 169; Levi 1964a: 470 [T]; Vogel 1970b: 25

Theridion edinburgensis Gertsch and Mulaik, 1936; Gertsch and Mulaik 1936b: 9, mf, desc. (figs 18–19); Roewer 1942: 502

Theridium edinburgense Gertsch and Mulaik, 1936; Bonnet 1959: 4470

Paidisca pallida (Emerton, 1913); Levi 1957a: 99 [S], 120, mf, desc. (figs 358–366)

Distribution

Brazos, Erath, Hidalgo, Panola, Starr, Travis

Time of activity

Male (March, May, July – August); female (March)

Habitat

(orchard: orange); (soil/woodland: Juniperus ashei)

Method

suction trap [m]

Type

Rhode Island, Buttonwoods or Providence

Etymology

Latin, pale (pallid)

Collection

TAMU

Thymoites unimaculatus (Emerton, 1882)

Thymoites unimaculatusBreene et al. 1993c: 29, 48, 59, mf (figs 28A-C); Jackman 1997: 169; Levi and Randolph 1975: 47 [T]

Paidisca unimaculata (Emerton, 1882); Levi 1957a: 106, 120, mf, desc. (figs 388–392, 406–413)

Thymoites unimaculatum (Emerton, 1882); Kaston 1978: 107, desc. (fig. 262)

Thymoites unimaculata (Emerton, 1882); Vogel 1970b: 26

Distribution

Brazos, Henderson, McMullen, Walker

Locality

Ellis Prison Unit, Lick Creek Park, Sam Houston National Forest, Stubblefield Lake

Time of activity

Male (July); female (March – July)

Habitat

(crops: cotton); (plants: miscellaneous vegetation); (soil/woodland: tree)

Method

Beating [f]; beating/sweeping [f]; sweeping [m]

Type

Massachusetts, Danvers

Etymology

Latin, white abdomen with black spot in center of dorsum

Collection

TAMU

Genus Tidarren Chamberlin & Ivie, 1934

Tidarren haemorrhoidale (Bertkau, 1880)

Tidarren haemorrhoidaleBreene et al. 1993a: 169; Breene et al. 1993b: 648; Breene et al. 1993c: 29, 48, 59, mf (figs 27A-C); Bumroongsook et al. 1992: 18; Calixto et al. 2013: 185; Dean and Sterling 1990: 401; Dean et al. 1988: 285; Jackman 1997: 61, desc., 169; Levi 1969: 71 [S]; Nyffeler et al. 1988a: 55; Nyffeler et al. 1988b: 215

Tidarren fordum (Keyserling, 1884); Levi 1957c: 73 [S], mf, desc. (figs 49–57, 61–64); Vogel 1970b: 26

Theridium fordum Keyserling, 1884; Banks 1898b: 236; Banks 1910: 19

Theridion fordum Keyserling, 1884; Petrunkevitch 1911: 196

Theridium elevatum Banks, 1897; Banks 1897: 195, f, desc.; Banks 1898b: 237

Steatoda elevata Banks, 1897; F. O. P.-Cambridge 1902: 387

Theridion texanum Banks, 1910; Banks 1910: 20; Petrunkevitch 1911: 208; Roewer 1942: 499

Theridium texanum Banks, 1910; Banks 1910: 20; Bonnet 1959: 4541

Tidarren sisyphoides (Walckenaer, 1841); Dean et al. 1982: 254 [misidentified]

Distribution

Brazos, Cameron, Hidalgo, Houston, Hunt, Lee, Liberty, Presidio, Robertson, Travis, Walker, Willacy

Locality

Ellis Prison Unit, Holmes Pecan Orchard, Lake Somerville State Park [Nails Creek Unit], Lake Tawakoni State Park

Time of activity

Male (May, July – September); female (June – November)

Habitat

(crops: cotton, sugarcane); (nest/prey: mud dauber nest [f]); (orchard: citrus, pecan); (plants: Baccharis); (soil/woodland: Juniperus ashei); (structures: barn); (web: large spider web)

Method

Beating [mf]; cardboard band [m]; fogging [f]; suction trap [m]

Type

Brazil, Rio de Janeiro

Etymology

Latin, referring to blood – a hemorrhage

Collection

TAMU

Tidarren sisyphoides (Walckenaer, 1841)

Tidarren sisyphoidesAgnew et al. 1985: 6; Brown 1974: 238; Cokendolpher and Reddell 2001b: 55; Dean and Sterling 1990: 401; Jackman 1997: 169; Levi 1957c: 70 [S], mf, desc. (figs 41–45, 58–60); Levi and Randolph 1975: 47; Liao et al. 1984: 410; Reddell and Cokendolpher 2004: 93; Taber and Fleenor 2003: 237; Vogel 1970b: 26; Young and Edwards 1990: 24

Steatoda forda Keyserling, 1884; F. O. P.-Cambridge 1902: 382

Tidarren fordum Keyserling, 1881; Chamberlin and Ivie 1934: 5, mf (pl. 1)

Distribution

Bell, Bexar, Blanco, Brazos, Cameron, Erath, Hidalgo, Montgomery, Nacogdoches, Newton, Panola, Polk, San Saba, Travis, Walker, Wharton, Williamson, Wise

Locality

Bamburger Ranch Chiroptorium, Ellis Prison Unit, Fort Hood

Caves

Bell ([all Fort Hood] Camp 6 Cave No. 1, Coyote Den Cave); Bexar (B. J. Pit, Bone Pile Cave, Buzzard Egg Cave, Cave of the Skinny Snake, Eagles Nest Cave, Haz Mat Pit, John Wagner Ranch Cave No. 3, Logan’s Cave, Lost Mine Trail Cave, Winston’s Cave, World Newt Cave); San Saba (Blue Haw Cave, Cobweb Fissure, Crevice Cave, Gorman Cave, Wedge Cave); Travis (Get Down Cave); Williamson (Jug Cave)

Time of activity

Male (July – September); female (March – July, September, November)

Habitat

(crops: cotton); (landscape features: cave, under bridge); (structures: by door outside, in curled leaf under covered bridge over creek); (web: web on dead limb, web 5” from ground)

Method

suction trap [m]

Type

Georgia

Etymology

resemble Theridion sisyphum Walckenaer, 1805 = Parasteatoda lunata (Clerck, 1757)

Collection

MSU, TAMU, TMM, TTU, USNM

Genus Wamba O. P.-Cambridge, 1896

Wamba crispulus (Simon, 1895)

Wamba crispulusCalixto et al. 2013: 185; Levi 2005c: 240, 243; Wunderlich 1995b: 611 [T]

Theridion crispulum Simon, 1895; Agnew et al. 1985: 3; Breene et al. 1993a: 169; Breene et al. 1993c: 28, 48, 61, mf (figs 33A-C); Bumroongsook et al. 1992: 17; Dean and Sterling 1987: 6; Dean and Sterling 1990: 401, 404; Dean et al. 1988: 286; Levi 1959b: 113 [S]; Levi and Randolph 1975: 43; Li 1990: 137, 142, 144; Vogel 1970b: 25; Young and Edwards 1990: 24

Theridion crispulus Simon, 1895; Jackman 1997: 169

Theridion intervallatum Emerton, 1915; Levi 1957a: 64, 117, mf, desc. (figs 222–224, 229–231); Vogel 1970b: 25

Theridion realisticum Gertsch and Mulaik, 1936; Gertsch and Mulaik 1936b: 11, mf, desc. (figs 23–24); Roewer 1942: 505

Theridium realisticum Gertsch and Mulaik, 1936; Bonnet 1959: 4518

Distribution

South, southeast and north Texas; Bastrop, Brazos, Burleson, Cameron, Comanche, Dallas, Erath, Harris, Hidalgo, Houston, Jim Wells, Kenedy, Kleberg, Liberty, Marion, Nueces, Red River, Robertson, Starr, Sutton, Travis, Uvalde, Walker

Locality

Adriance Pecan Orchard, Bastrop State Park, Bill Haney Pecan Orchard, Ellis Prison Unit, Frontera Audubon, Garner State Park, Holmes Pecan Orchard, Lick Creek Park, Sabal Palm Audubon Sanctuary, Texas A&M University Rangeland Area

Time of activity

Male (January – October, December); female (February – December)

Habitat

(crops: cotton, peanuts); (littoral: sandy area); (orchard: citrus, grapefruit, orange, pecan, sour orange, tangerine, Valley lemon); (soil/woodland: juniper, palm forest margin [resaca bank], post oak savanna, sedge meadow, trees, trees/shrubs, Juniperus ashei, Quercus buckleyi, Quercus virginiana, Ulmus crassifolia)

Method

Beating [mf]; cardboard band [mf]; D-Vac suction [m]; fogging [mf]; pitfall trap [mf]; suction trap [mf]; sweeping [mf]

Type

Venezuela

Etymology

Latin, to curl

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Genus Yunohamella Yoshida, 2007

Yunohamella lyrica (Walckenaer, 1841)

Yunohamella lyricaBradley 2013: 236; Calixto et al. 2013: 185; Yoshida 2007: 69 [T]

Theridion lyricum Walckenaer, 1841; Agnew et al. 1985: 6; Dean and Eger 1986: 141; Dean and Sterling 1990: 404; Jackman 1997: 169; Kaston 1978: 108, desc. (fig. 267); Levi 1957a: 89, 119, mf, desc. (figs 322–323, 329–331); Levi and Randolph 1975: 45; Liao et al. 1984: 410; Vogel 1970b: 25

Distribution

Brazos, Burleson, Comal, Denton, Erath, Montgomery, Nacogdoches, Orange, Robertson, Travis, Tyler, Walker

Locality

Adriance Pecan Orchard, Brison Pecan Orchard, Ellis Prison Unit, Holmes Pecan Orchard, Jones State Forest, Lick Creek Park

Time of activity

Male (March – September); female (April – September)

Habitat

(littoral: sandy area by water, sedge meadow); (orchard: pecan); (plants: Indian paintbrush, miscellaneous vegetation); (soil/woodland: bottomland forest, sandy area, trees, Juniperus ashei, Quercus buckleyi, Quercus virginiana, Ulmus crassifolia)

Method

Beating [mf]; cardboard band [mf]; flight intercept trap [m]; fogging [f]; pitfall trap [f]; suction trap [m]; sweeping [mf]

Type

Georgia

Etymology

Greek, lyre

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Note

A male was collected in a suction trap 10:00 to 12:00 hours.

Family Thomisidae Sundevall, 1833

Note. Species incorrectly reported from Texas

Xysticus luctans (C. L. Koch, 1845); Petrunkevitch 1911: 440 [not in Texas]

Xysticus triguttatus Keyserling, 1880; Chickering 1940: 216 [not in Texas]

Genus Bassaniana Strand, 1928

Bassaniana floridana (Banks, 1896)

Bassaniana floridanaJackman 1997: 169; Ono 1988: 74 [T]

Coriarachne floridana Banks, 1896; Bowling and Sauer 1975: 188, mf, desc. (figs 4, 10, 13)

Distribution

Sabine, Trinity, Walker

Time of activity

Male (April, April 26-May 5)

Habitat

(soil/woodland: pine [%: 66])

Method

5 gallon bucket trap [m]

Type

Florida, Punta Gorda

Etymology

locality (state)

Collection

TAMU

Bassaniana utahensis (Gertsch, 1932)

Bassaniana utahensisJackman 1997: 169; Ono 1988: 74 [T]

Coriarachne utahensis (Gertsch, 1932); Bowling and Sauer 1975: 192, mf, desc. (figs 8, 11–12, 15, 18)

Distribution

South Texas

Type

Utah, Salt Lake City

Etymology

locality (state)

Bassaniana versicolor (Keyserling, 1880)

Bassaniana versicolorCalixto et al. 2013: 185; Jackman 1997: 169 (photo 40); Ono 1988: 74 [T]; Yantis 2005: 199

Coriarachne versicolor Keyserling, 1880; Agnew et al. 1985: 8; Bowling and Sauer 1975: 189 [S], mf, desc. (figs 6–7, 19–21); Cokendolpher et al. 1979: 729; Dean and Eger 1986: 142; Dean and Sterling 1990: 403; Gertsch 1939a: 405, mf, desc. (figs 254–255, 269); Gertsch 1953: 458, mf (figs 60–61, 64); Jones 1936: 69; Rapp 1984: 7; Vogel 1970b: 26

Coriarachne aemula O. P.-Cambridge, 1898; Gertsch 1953: 459, mf (figs 67–68); Roewer 1955: 832

Distribution

Eastern ½ Texas; Anderson, Baylor, Brazos, Cameron, Childress, Dallas, Erath, Galveston, Hays, Hidalgo, Kerr, Knox, Leon, Lubbock, Robertson, Travis, Wichita

Locality

Holmes Pecan Orchard

Time of activity

Male (February, April – May, October – November, November 12-December 15); female (February – May, July – November)

Habitat

(objects: on croton cage); (orchard: pecan); (plants: Indian paintbrush); (soil/woodland: Juniperus managed plot, mesquite, post oak woods [%: 75], sandy area, under bark, under bark associated by many Loxosceles reclusa Gertsch and Mulaik, 1940, upland deciduous forest); (structures: in house, indoors, on house)

Method

5 gallon bucket trap [mf]; cardboard band [mf]; flight intercept trap elevated [mf]; flight intercept trap on ground [m]; light trap; Lindgren funnel trap [m]; pitfall trap [f]; suction trap [mf]; sweeping [m]

Type

California, Mariposa; Massachusetts, Boston; Illinois, Peoria; Georgia

Etymology

Latin, changed color

Collection

DMNS, JCC, MSU, TAMU

Genus Bucranium O. P.-Cambridge, 1881

Note. previously in Family Aphantochilidae

Bucranium sp.

BucraniumTeixeira et al. 2014: 73

Majella sp.; Gertsch 1953: 417

Majellula sp.; Jackman 1997: 169; Roth 1985: B-5–1; Roth 1994: 187

Majella affinis Cambridge, 1896; Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 307

Distribution

Cameron, Hidalgo

Locality

Laguna Atascosa National Wildlife Refuge, Lower Rio Grande Valley National Wildlife Refuge, Santa Ana National Wildlife Refuge

Habitat

(orchard: grapefruit); (soil/woodland: dense coastal brush, ebony-guayacan association)

Collection

TAMU, TTU

Note

Specimens of the undescribed male of Majellula affinis (O. P.-Cambridge, 1896) deposited at TAMU, TTU.

Genus Mecaphesa Simon, 1900

Mecaphesa asperata (Hentz, 1847)

Mecaphesa asperataCalixto et al. 2013: 185; Knutson et al. 2010: 516; Lehtinen and Marusik 2008: 194 [T]

Misumenops asperatus (Hentz, 1847); Agnew et al. 1985: 4; Bonnet 1957: 2953; Breene et al. 1993c: 30, 48, 79, mf (figs 79A-C); Cokendolpher et al. 1979: 730; Dean and Eger 1986: 142; Dean et al. 1982: 255; Dean et al. 1988: 287; Gertsch 1939a: 328, mf, desc. (figs 34–35, 56–57, 69, 72–73); Jackman 1997: 124, desc., 169 (photo 40c); Jones 1936: 69; Pamanes-Guerrero 1975: 16, 34, 38, 42, 60, 63, 79, 81; Rapp 1984: 7; Rydzak and Killebrew 1982: 7; Vogel 1970b: 26; Woods and Harrel 1976: 44; Young and Edwards 1990: 24

Misumenops asparatus (Hentz, 1847); Glick and Noble 1961: 7

Misumenops prosper (Hentz); Pamanes-Guerrero 1975: 42, 60, 79, 81 [misidentified]

Distribution

Archer, Bastrop, Brazos, Brown, Burleson, Burnet, Cameron, Clay, Culberson, Dallas, Erath, Galveston, Haskell, Hidalgo, Houston, Howard, Jefferson, Montague, Robertson, Smith, Travis, Walker, Wichita

Locality

Adriance Pecan Orchard, Bentsen-Rio Grande Valley State Park, Ellis Prison Unit, Galveston Island State Park, Holmes Pecan Orchard, Inks Lake State Park, Lick Creek Park

Time of activity

Male (February – June, October, December); female (March – June, August, October – November)

Habitat

(crops: cotton, peanuts, rice); (grass: grasses, grassland, pasture); (littoral: salt marsh); (orchard: pecan); (plants: bluebonnets, flower, Indian paintbrush, miscellaneous vegetation, vegetation, Hedeoma sp.); (soil/woodland: juniper, pricklyash, saltcedar, sandy area, Juniperus ashei, Quercus buckleyi, Quercus virginiana, Ulmus crassifolia)

Method

Beating [mf]; cardboard band [f]; suction trap [m]; sweeping [mf]

Type

Alabama

Etymology

Latin, rough

Collection

DMNS, MSU, TAMU

Mecaphesa californica (Banks, 1896)

Mecaphesa californicaLehtinen and Marusik 2008: 194 [T]

Misumenops californicus (Banks, 1896); Armstrong and Richman 2007: 396; Cokendolpher et al. 1979: 730; Gertsch 1939a: 326, mf, desc. (figs 52–53, 67); Jackman 1997: 169; Vogel 1970b: 26

Distribution

Brooks, Cameron, Hidalgo, San Patricio, Travis, Uvalde, Wichita

Locality

Bentsen-Rio Grande Valley State Park, Garner State Park, Russell Farm, Welder Wildlife Refuge, Zilker Park

Time of activity

Male (March, May, July, October, December); female (October, December)

Habitat

(grass: grass); (plants: miscellaneous vegetation); (soil/woodland: Juniperus ashei, Ulmus crassifolia)

Method

Beating [m]; boll weevil pheromone trap [m]; sweeping [m]

Type

California, Los Angeles

Etymology

locality (state)

Collection

DMNS, MSU, NMSU, TAMU

Mecaphesa carletonica (Dondale & Redner, 1976)

Mecaphesa carletonicaLehtinen and Marusik 2008: 194 [T]

Misumenops carletonicus Dondale and Redner, 1976; Agnew et al. 1985: 8, 11; Jackman 1997: 169 [Dondale and Redner 1976b: 1007, mf, desc. (figs 1–5)]

Distribution

Erath, Hidalgo

Time of activity

Male (March, June)

Habitat

(orchard: grapefruit); (soil/woodland: brush, woods)

Method

sweeping [m]

Type

Canada, Ontario, Carleton Co., Fitzroy Township

Etymology

locality (county)

Collection

TAMU

Mecaphesa celer (Hentz, 1847)

Mecaphesa celerCalixto et al. 2013: 185; Knutson et al. 2010: 516; Lehtinen and Marusik 2008: 194 [T]

Misumenops celer (Hentz, 1847); Agnew et al. 1985: 4, 10; Bonnet 1957: 2954; Breene 1988: 15, 17, 23–26, 35, 39–40, 44; Breene et al. 1988: 180–181; Breene et al. 1989: 162; Breene et al. 1993c: 30, 48, 79, mf (figs 80A-B); Broussard and Horner 2006: 255; Brown 1974: 238; Cokendolpher et al. 1979: 731; Cokendolpher et al. 2008: 11, 53 (fig. 15, photo 47–48); Dean and Eger 1986: 142; Dean and Sterling 1987: 6; Dean and Sterling 1990: 403, 405; Dean et al. 1982: 255; Dean et al. 1987: 264, 268; Dean et al. 1988: 287; Gertsch 1939a: 322 [S], mf, desc. (figs 30–31, 50–51, 68); Jackman 1997: 125, desc., 169; Jones 1936: 69; Kagan 1942: 51; Kagan 1943: 258; Knutson and Gilstrap 1989: 514; Liao et al. 1984: 410; McDaniel et al. 1981: 104; Milstead 1958: 446; Nuessly and Sterling 1984: 97; Nyffeler et al. 1987b: 1121; Nyffeler et al. 1992c: 2; Pamanes-Guerrero 1975: 16, 34, 42, 79, 81; Rapp 1984: 7; Reddell 1965: 177; Richman et al. 2011a: 48; Roberts 2001: 51; Rogers and Horner 1977: 523; Rydzak and Killebrew 1982: 7; Vogel 1970b: 26; Woods and Harrel 1976: 44; Young and Edwards 1990: 24

Misumenops spinosus Keyserling, 1880; Jones 1936: 69

Distribution

Widespread; Archer, Atascosa, Bastrop, Bee, Bexar, Borden, Bosque, Brazoria, Brazos, Burleson, Burnet, Cameron, Carson, Castro, Chambers, Collin, Colorado, Comal, Comanche, Coryell, Crosby, Dallas, Delta, Dickens, Duval, Eastland, Ector, Ellis, Erath, Falls, Fannin, Fayette, Fisher, Floyd, Frio, Gaines, Galveston, Gillespie, Goliad, Gonzales, Hale, Harris, Hays, Henderson, Hidalgo, Hill, Hockley, Houston, Howard, Jefferson, Kaufman, Kendall, Kent, Kerr, King, Kinney, Knox, Lavaca, Limestone, Lubbock, Martin, McLennan, Midland, Milam, Mitchell, Nacogdoches, Newton, Nueces, Pecos, Polk, Potter, Presidio, Reagan, Reeves, Refugio, Robertson, San Patricio, Schleicher, Scurry, Smith, Sterling, Sutton, Terry, Titus, Tom Green, Travis, Upshur, Upton, Uvalde, Val Verde, Victoria, Walker, Wharton, Wichita, Williamson, Yoakum

Locality

Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge, Bentsen-Rio Grande Valley State Park, Bill Haney Pecan Orchard, Chihuahuan desert, Dalquest Research Site, Ellis Prison Unit, Galveston Island State Park, Garner State Park, Holmes Pecan Orchard, Lacuna Park, Lake Buchanan, Lake Meredith, Lake Thomas, Lick Creek Park, Nash Prairie, Palmetto State Park, Pantex Lake, Proctor Lake, Ramsey Prison Farm, Riley Estate, Sam Houston National Forest, Santa Ana National Wildlife Refuge, Seminole Canyon State Park, South Padre Island, Stiles Farm Foundation, Stubblefield Lake, Texas A&M University Rangeland Area, Wildcat Bluff Nature Center

Caves

Sutton (Felton Cave)

Time of activity

Male (February – December); female (January – December)

Habitat

(crops: corn, cotton, guar, Helianthus annuus, peanuts, rice, sugarcane); (grass: Bromus tectorum, grass, grassland, pasture); (landscape features: cave); (littoral: near playa, salt marsh area); (nest/prey: mud dauber nest [f], stomach of Cnemidophorus perplexus); (objects: in croton cage, lawn mower); (orchard: peach orchard, pecan); (plants: bluebonnets, next to cotton field, among croton, emergent vegetation, Indian paintbrush, miscellaneous vegetation, pigeon pea, pink evening primrose, roadside vegetation, sage, thistle, vegetation, yellow horsemint, Achillea millefolium, Aphanostephus sp., Asclepias sp., Aster sp., Baccharis, Borrichia frutescens, Cassia sp., Coreopsis sp., Dalea sp., Engelmannia sp., Euphorbia sp., Gaillardia pulchella, Melilotus officinalis, Monarda citriodora, Oenothera speciosa, Prionopsis ciliata, Rudbeckia sp., Thelesperma sp., Vicia sp.); (soil/woodland: brush, on ground, post oak savanna with pasture, saltcedar, sandy area, trees/shrubs, willow, Prosopis grandulosa, Quercus buckleyi, Quercus virginiana, Tamarix gallica, Ulmus crassifolia)

Method

Ballooning; beating [m]; boll weevil pheromone trap [mf]; D-Vac suction [mf]; light trap; pitfall trap [mf]; suction trap [mf]; sweeping [mf]

Eggs/spiderlings

Brazos [eggsac laid May 22, 1978, hatch June 1, 91 spiderlings] [TAMU]

Type

South Carolina

Etymology

Latin, swift

Collection

DMNS, JCC, MSU, TAMU, TMM

Mecaphesa coloradensis (Gertsch, 1933)

Mecaphesa coloradensisKnutson et al. 2010: 516; Lehtinen and Marusik 2008: 194 [T]

Misumenops coloradensis Gertsch, 1933; Breene et al. 1993c: 30, 48, 79, mf (figs 81A-B); Cokendolpher et al. 2008: 11, 68; Dean and Sterling 1987: 6; Gertsch 1939a: 331, mf, desc. (figs 60–61, 66); Jackman 1997: 169; Reddell and Fieseler 1977: 95; Vogel 1970b: 26

Distribution

Brewster, Carson, Culberson, Howard, Presidio, Reeves, Travis

Locality

Big Bend National Park, Big Bend Ranch State Park

Caves

Presidio (John’s Guano Mine)

Time of activity

Male (July – October); female (March – April, September)

Habitat

(crops: cotton); (grass: grassland); (plants: vegetation); (soil/woodland: saltcedar, scrub cottonwood, willow, Quercus buckleyi, Quercus virginiana)

Method

Beating [m]; D-Vac suction [m]; sweeping [f]

Type

Colorado

Etymology

locality (state)

Collection

TAMU, TMM

Mecaphesa dubia (Keyserling, 1880)

Mecaphesa dubiaCalixto et al. 2013: 185; Knutson et al. 2010: 516; Lehtinen and Marusik 2008: 194 [T]

Misumenops dubius (Keyserling, 1880); Armstrong and Richman 2007: 396; Breene et al. 1993a: 169; Breene et al. 1993b: 648; Breene et al. 1993c: 30, 48, 79, mf (figs 82A-B); Cokendolpher et al. 1979: 731; Dean and Sterling 1987: 6; Dean et al. 1988: 287; Gertsch 1939a: 325 [S], mf, desc. (figs 48–49, 64); Glick 1957: 5; Jackman 1997: 169; Kagan 1942: 49; Kagan 1943: 258; Nyffeler et al. 1992c: 2; Vogel 1970b: 26; Young and Edwards 1990: 24

Misumena dubia Keyserling, 1880; Marx 1890: 556

Distribution

Archer, Atascosa, Bastrop, Bee, Bell, Bexar, Borden, Brazos, Brewster, Brooks, Burleson, Burnet, Callahan, Cameron, Colorado, Comanche, Concho, Coryell, Dimmit, Erath, Falls, Frio, Goliad, Gonzales, Hamilton, Hays, Hidalgo, Hill, Houston, Howard, Jones, Kendall, Kenedy, Kerr, Kimble, Kinney, Knox, Lee, McLennan, McMullen, Nolan, Nueces, Presidio, Robertson, San Patricio, Scurry, Starr, Travis, Uvalde, Val Verde, Victoria, Ward, Webb, Wharton, Wichita, Willacy, Williamson, Zapata

Locality

Adriance Pecan Orchard, Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge, Bentsen-Rio Grande Valley State Park, Big Bend National Park, Bill Haney Pecan Orchard, Falcon State Park, Garner State Park, Goliad State Park, Holmes Pecan Orchard, Lake Thomas, Pollito Lake, Russell Farm, Sabal Palm Audubon Sanctuary, Santa Ana National Wildlife Refuge, Seminole Canyon State Park, South Padre Island, Stiles Farm Foundation, Welder Wildlife Refuge, Zilker Park

Caves

Burnet (Beaver Creek Bat Cave)

Time of activity

Male (February – December); female (February – December)

Habitat

(crops: cotton, Sorghum halepense, sugarcane); (grass: grass, grassland, pasture, Panicum virgatum); (landscape features: cave, rocky hillside); (littoral: dune vegetation, grass marsh); (nest/prey: mud dauber nest); (orchard: citrus, grapefruit, pecan, Valley lemon); (plants: bluebonnets, Compositae, miscellaneous vegetation, pink evening primrose, roadside vegetation, Baccharis, Centaurea sp., Coreopsis sp., Dalea sp., Euphorbia sp., Gaillardia sp., Liatris mucronata, Monarda citriodora, Prionopsis ciliata, Thelesperma sp., Xanthium sp. cf. italicum, Xanthocephalum dracunculoides); (soil/woodland: brushy area, chaparral, hackberry matte, juniper, saltcedar, scrub cottonwood, trees, trees/shrubs, willow, Prosopis grandulosa)

Method

Beating [mf]; boll weevil pheromone trap [m]; D-Vac suction [mf]; pitfall trap [f]; suction trap [m]; sweeping [mf]

Type

Mexico

Etymology

Latin, uncertain affinity

Collection

DMNS, MSU, NMSU, TAMU, TMM

Genus Misumena Latreille, 1804

Misumena vatia (Clerck, 1757)

Misumena vatiaBrown 1974: 238; Jackman 1997: 123, desc., 169; Jones 1936: 69; Roewer 1955: 837 [S]; Vogel 1970b: 26; Woods and Harrel 1976: 44; Young and Edwards 1990: 24

Misumena calycina (Linnaeus, 1758); Gertsch 1939a: 314, mf, desc. (figs 3–4, 26–27, 38–39, 86, 96–97)

Distribution

Cameron, Dallas, Jefferson, Nacogdoches, Val Verde

Caves

Val Verde (Fawcett’s Cave)

Time of activity

Female (June)

Habitat

(crops: rice); (landscape features: cave); (nest/prey: mud dauber nest [f])

Type

unknown

Etymology

Latin, bow-legged

Collection

TMM

Genus Misumenoides F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1900

Misumenoides formosipes (Walckenaer, 1837)

Misumenoides formosipesAgnew et al. 1985: 4; Breene et al. 1993c: 29, 48, 78, mf (figs 77A-C); Cokendolpher et al. 1979: 730; Cokendolpher et al. 2008: 11, 68; Dean and Eger 1986: 142; Dean and Sterling 1987: 6; Dean et al. 1982: 255; Dean et al. 1988: 287; Jackman 1997: 124, desc., 169 (photo 40b); Knutson et al. 2010: 516; Liao et al. 1984: 410; Nuessly and Sterling 1984: 97; Nyffeler et al. 1992c: 2; Platnick 1993: 711 [S]; Rapp 1984: 8; Rogers and Horner 1977: 523; Rydzak and Killebrew 1982: 7; Taber and Fleenor 2003: 241; Wilson and Pitts 2007: 226; Young and Edwards 1990: 24

Misumenoides aleatorius (Hentz, 1847); Gertsch 1939a: 309, mf, desc. (figs 5–6, 28–29, 40–41, 87, 94–95); Kagan 1942: 53; Kagan 1943: 258

Distribution

Anderson, Bastrop, Brazoria, Brazos, Burleson, Burleson/Lee, Carson, Collin (imm.), Colorado, Culberson, Erath (imm.), Galveston, Gillespie, Hidalgo, Houston (imm.), Howard, Knox, Limestone, Marion (imm.), McLennan, Orange, Palo Pinto, Presidio, San Patricio (imm.), Scurry, Smith, Travis, Van Zandt, Victoria, Walker, Ward, Wichita

Locality

Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge, Big Bend Ranch State Park, Ellis Prison Unit, Galveston Island State Park, Guadalupe Mountains National Park, Lake Thomas, Lick Creek Park, Monahans Sandhills State Park, Nash Prairie, Welder Wildlife Refuge

Time of activity

Male (May – June, August – September); female (May – November)

Habitat

(crops: cotton, guar, Helianthus annuus, peanuts); (grass: grassland, pasture, grassy and shrub area); (littoral: salt marsh area); (plants: bluebonnets, croton, Indian paintbrush, miscellaneous vegetation, vegetation, Euphorbia sp., Monarda citriodora, Prionopsis ciliata); (soil/woodland: hackberry matte, post oak savanna, post oak savanna with pasture, saltcedar, sandy area, trees/shrubs, willow, Prosopis grandulosa)

Method

Beating [pen m]; boll weevil pheromone trap [imm.]; light trap [f]; pitfall trap [m]; suction trap [imm.]; sweeping [mf]

Eggs/spiderlings

Brazos [195, 199 eggs]; Walker [eggsac laid October 9, 1978, hatch November 2, 304 spiderlings, 215 unhatched eggs] [TAMU]

Type

Georgia

Etymology

Latin, referring to beautiful

Collection

DMNS, MSU, NMSU, TAMU

Genus Misumessus Banks, 1904

Misumessus oblongus (Keyserling, 1880)

Misumessus oblongusCalixto et al. 2013: 185; Lehtinen and Marusik 2008: 195 [T]

Misumenops oblongus (Keyserling, 1880); Agnew et al. 1985: 5; Breene et al. 1993c: 30, 48, 78, mf (figs 78A-C); Brown 1974: 238; Bumroongsook et al. 1992: 17; Cokendolpher et al. 1979: 732; Dean and Sterling 1987: 6; Dean and Sterling 1990: 403; Dean et al. 1982: 255; Gertsch 1939a: 319, mf, desc. (figs 44–45, 62–63); Jackman 1997: 125, desc., 169; Jones 1936: 69; Liao et al. 1984: 410; Rapp 1984: 8; Rydzak and Killebrew 1982: 7; Vincent and Frankie 1985: 380; Vogel 1970b: 26; Woods and Harrel 1976: 44; Young and Edwards 1990: 24

Distribution

Archer, Brazos, Burleson, Comanche, Dallas, Delta, Erath, Fannin, Frio, Galveston, Hill, Jefferson, Johnson, Kerr, Llano, Nacogdoches, Polk, Presidio, Robertson, Smith, Travis, Walker, Wharton, Wichita, Young

Locality

Adriance Pecan Orchard, Ellis Prison Unit, Galveston Island State Park, Holmes Pecan Orchard

Time of activity

Male (April – September); female (May – October)

Habitat

(crops: cotton, peanuts, rice); (littoral: salt marsh); (nest/prey: mud dauber nest [mf]); (orchard: pecan); (plants: vegetation, Baccharis); (soil/woodland: cedar elm, live oak, sandy area, willow, woods, Quercus buckleyi, Quercus virginiana, Ulmus crassifolia); (structures: on ground under clothes line)

Method

Ballooning [m]; beating [m]; cardboard band [m]; D-Vac suction [m]; fogging [mf]; suction trap [m]; sweeping [m]

Type

Maryland, Baltimore; Illinois, Peoria

Etymology

Latin, oblong

Collection

DMNS, MSU, TAMU

Genus Modysticus Gertsch, 1953

Modysticus modestus (Scheffer, 1904)

Modysticus modestusCokendolpher et al. 2008: 11, 53; Marusik et al. 2005: 153 [T]

Ozyptila modesta (Scheffer, 1904); Roberts 2001: 51; Yantis 2005: 201 [Dondale and Redner 1975a: 142, mf, desc. (figs 7–8, 50–52)]

Distribution

Carson, Potter, Trinity

Locality

Wildcat Bluff Nature Center

Time of activity

Male (April 26-May 5)

Habitat

(grass: grassland); (littoral: near playa); (soil/woodland: pine woods [%: 66])

Method

5 gallon bucket trap [f]; pitfall trap

Type

Kansas, Manhattan

Etymology

Latin, calm

Collection

TAMU

Genus Ozyptila Simon, 1864

Note.Dondale and Redner 1975a: 157 [spelling of genus]

Ozyptila americana Banks, 1895

Ozyptila americanaBradley 2013: 241; Dondale and Redner 1975a: 157 [S], mf, desc. (figs 30, 33, 95–96); Dondale and Redner 1978b: 164, mf, desc. (figs 508–511); Jackman 1997: 169

Oxyptila americana Banks, 1895; Kaston 1978: 231; Rydzak and Killebrew 1982: 7

Oxyptila barrowsi Gertsch, 1939; Gertsch 1953: 466, f, (fig. 80)

Distribution

Dallas, Gonzales

Locality

Palmetto State Park

Type

New York, Ithaca

Etymology

locality (country)

Ozyptila hardyi Gertsch, 1953

Ozyptila hardyiDondale and Redner 1975a: 143, f, desc. (figs 45–46); Jackman 1997: 169; Roewer 1955: 883; Vogel 1967: 151

Oxyptila hardyi Gertsch, 1953; Gertsch 1953: 471, f (fig. 83); Vogel 1970b: 26

Distribution

Cameron

Locality

Laguna Madre

Time of activity

Female (August)

Habitat

(nest/prey: nest of Neotoma micropus)

Type

Texas (female, Cameron Co., Laguna Madre, 25 miles SW Harlingen, August 22, 1945, Hardy and Wooley, holotype, AMNH)

[male unknown]

Etymology

Person (collector)

Ozyptila monroensis Keyserling, 1884

Ozyptila monroensisDondale and Redner 1975a: 148, mf , desc. (figs 15–16, 61–63); Dondale and Redner 1978b: 160, mf, desc. (figs 498–502); Jackman 1997: 169

Oxyptila monroensis Keyserling, 1884; Kaston 1978: 231

Distribution

Bandera, Houston, Kerr

Locality

Big Slough Wild Area, Lost Maples State Park, Raven Ranch

Time of activity

Male (April – May); female (April – May)

Habitat

(soil/woodland: leaf litter, mixed hardwood leaf litter)

Method

Berlese funnel [mf]; carrion pitfall trap [mf]

Type

Virginia, Fort Monroe

Etymology

locality (county)

Collection

TAMU

Ozyptila praticola (C. L. Koch, 1837)

Ozyptila praticola [Dondale and Redner 1975a: 144, mf, desc. (figs 9, 12, 53–54)]

Distribution

Brown

Type

Europe

Etymology

Latin, referring to a meadow, -cola Latin suffix meaning inhabitant of)

Collection

MSU

Genus Synema Simon, 1864

Note.Platnick 1993: 718 [spelling of genus]

Synema parvulum (Hentz, 1847)

Synema parvulumJackman 1997: 169 [Gertsch 1939a: 334, mf, desc. (figs 80–81, 88)]

Synema parvula (Hentz, 1847); Breene et al. 1993c: 30, 48, 80, mf (figs 83A-C); Dean et al. 1982: 255; Rydzak and Killebrew 1982: 7; Young and Edwards 1990: 24

Distribution

Brazos, Smith, Walker

Locality

Ellis Prison Unit, Lick Creek Park

Time of activity

Male (April – May); female (June, August)

Habitat

(crops: cotton); (plants: Indian paintbrush); (soil/woodland: bottomland forest, forest litter, tree)

Method

Beating [m]; berlese funnel [imm.]

Type

southern states

Etymology

Latin, small

Collection

TAMU

Synema viridans (Banks, 1896)

Synema viridansArmstrong and Richman 2007: 396; Dean and Eger 1986: 142; Dean and Sterling 1990: 405; Gertsch 1939a: 335, mf, desc. (figs 84–85, 89); Jackman 1997: 169; Roewer 1955: 894; Vogel 1970b: 26

Distribution

Brazos, Cameron, Hidalgo, Uvalde, Walker

Locality

Bentsen-Rio Grande Valley State Park, Ellis Prison Unit, Garner State Park, Lick Creek Park, Russell Farm, Sabal Palm Audubon Sanctuary

Time of activity

Male (February – April); female (March – July)

Habitat

(plants: bluebonnets, Indian paintbrush); (soil/woodland: palm forest margin [resaca bank], tree)

Method

Beating [f]; boll weevil pheromone trap [m]; suction trap [m]; sweeping [mf]

Type

Florida, Punta Gorda

Etymology

Latin, color (green)

Collection

NMSU, TAMU

Genus Tmarus Simon, 1875

Tmarus angulatus (Walckenaer, 1837)

Tmarus angulatusAgnew et al. 1985: 5; Brown 1974: 238; Gertsch 1939a: 305, mf, desc. (figs 11, 21–22, 25); Jackman 1997: 170; Vogel 1970b: 26; Young and Edwards 1990: 24

Distribution

Archer, Brown, Burleson, Cameron, Eastland, Erath, Hidalgo, Kimble, Lavaca, Llano, Montgomery, Nacogdoches, Rockwall, Travis, Wichita

Time of activity

Male (February – August); female (March – June, August, November – December)

Habitat

(crops: peanuts); (nest/prey: mud dauber nest [f]); (plants: miscellaneous vegetation); (soil/woodland: brush, cedar, shrubs, trees, Juniperus ashei, Quercus buckleyi, Quercus virginiana, Ulmus crassifolia); (structures: driveway)

Method

Beating [m]; suction trap [m]; sweeping [mf]

Type

Georgia

Etymology

Latin, angle of abdomen

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Tmarus floridensis Keyserling, 1884

Tmarus floridensisBrown 1974: 238; Gertsch 1939a: 304, mf, desc. (figs 15–16, 23); Jackman 1997: 170; Marx 1890: 558; Vogel 1970b: 26

Distribution

Brazos, Freestone, Harris, Liberty, Nacogdoches, Walker

Locality

Lick Creek Park

Time of activity

Male (May – July); female (June, August)

Habitat

(nest/prey: mud dauber nest [f])

Method

Beating [m]; beating/sweeping [m]

Type

Florida

Etymology

locality (state)

Collection

TAMU

Tmarus rubromaculatus Keyserling, 1880

Tmarus rubromaculatusGertsch 1939a: 307, mf, desc. (figs 17–18, 24); Jackman 1997: 170

Distribution

Bandera, Brazos, Brown, Burleson, Jasper, Kerr, Travis, Walker

Locality

Lost Maples State Park

Time of activity

Male (March – April, August); female (March, May – July)

Habitat

(grass: grass); (soil/woodland: tree, Quercus buckleyi)

Method

sweeping [mf]

Type

Georgia

Etymology

Latin, red-spotted

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Tmarus unicus Gertsch, 1936

Tmarus unicusBonnet 1959: 4648; Gertsch 1936: 14, imm. f, desc.; Gertsch 1939a: 302, imm. f, desc. (figs 12–14); Jackman 1997: 170; Roewer 1955: 825; Vogel 1970b: 26

Distribution

Hidalgo

Type

Texas (immature female, Hidalgo Co., Edinburg, March 3, 1934, S. Mulaik, holotype, AMNH)

[male, female unknown]

Etymology

Latin, for unique

Genus Xysticus C. L. Koch, 1835

Xysticus apachecus Gertsch, 1933

Xysticus apachecusAgnew et al. 1985: 8; Gertsch 1933a: 22, f, desc. (fig. 24); Gertsch 1939a: 356, mf, desc. (figs 144–145, 174); Gertsch 1953: 423; Jackman 1997: 170

Xysticus apacheus Gertsch, 1933; Vogel 1970b: 26

Distribution

Bexar, Colorado, Coryell, Erath, Kerr, Kimble, Travis

Locality

Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge

Time of activity

Male (April – May); female (February, April – May, November)

Habitat

(landscape features: under rock); (soil/woodland: cedar, juniper, post oak savanna with pasture, upland deciduous forest)

Method

Flight intercept trap on ground [m]; pitfall trap [m]; sweeping [m]

Eggs/spiderlings

Erath [eggsac hatch May 5, 1983, 217 spiderlings] [TAMU]

Type

Utah, Blanding

Etymology

Indians

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Xysticus aprilinus Bryant, 1930

Xysticus aprilinusBonnet 1959: 4852; Gertsch 1939a: 381, mf, desc. (figs 204–205); Gertsch 1953: 445; Jackman 1997: 170; Roewer 1955: 916; Vogel 1970b: 26

Distribution

El Paso, Reeves

Type

Texas (female, El Paso Co., no date, no collector, holotype, MCZ)

Etymology

Latin, seasons (month collected)

Xysticus auctificus Keyserling, 1880

Xysticus auctificusAgnew et al. 1985: 8, 11; Breene et al. 1993c: 30, 48, 80, mf (figs 84A-B); Brown 1974: 238; Cokendolpher et al. 1979: 732; Dean and Eger 1986: 142; Dean et al. 1982: 255; Gertsch 1939a: 361, mf, desc. (figs 176–177, 188); Gertsch 1953: 431; Jackman 1997: 126, 170 (photo 40f); Nyffeler et al. 1992c: 2; Roberts 2001: 51; Vogel 1970b: 26; Young and Edwards 1990: 24

Distribution

Atascosa, Bee, Bexar, Bosque, Brazos, Brown, Burleson, Cameron, Cass, Colorado, Coryell, Dallas, Erath, Fayette, Gillespie, Gonzales, Hays, Kendall, Kerr, Lampasas, Leon, Montague, Nacogdoches, Navarro, Nueces, Palo Pinto, Potter, Robertson, San Patricio, Somervell, Travis, Victoria, Walker, Wichita, Wise

Locality

Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge, Ellis Prison Unit, Holmes Pecan Orchard, Lacuna Park, Texas A&M University Rangeland Area, Welder Wildlife Refuge, Wildcat Bluff Nature Center

Time of activity

Male (March – June, August); female (January, April – July)

Habitat

(crops: cotton); (littoral: near pond); (nest/prey: mud dauber nest [mf]); (plants: bluebonnets, Indian paintbrush, miscellaneous vegetation, roadside vegetation, Aphonostephus sp., Gaillardia pulchella, Monarda citriodora, Thelesperma sp.); (soil/woodland: cedar litter, edge of woods, post oak savanna with pasture, sandy area, savanna, woods); (structures: brick wall)

Method

Ballooning [f]; light trap; pitfall trap [mf] (in sand [m], in woods [f], near pond [m]); sweeping [mf]; tile trap [f]; yellow pan trap [m]

Eggs/spiderlings

North-central Texas [58 eggs; 117 eggs] [Cokendolpher et al. 1979: 732]

Type

Colorado

Etymology

Latin, augmentation

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Xysticus coloradensis Bryant, 1930

Xysticus coloradensisGertsch 1939a: 380, mf, desc. (figs 199, 206–207); Roberts 2001: 51; Roewer 1955: 917; Vogel 1970b: 26

Distribution

El Paso, Potter

Locality

Wildcat Bluff Nature Center

Time of activity

Female (April)

Type

Colorado, Fort Collins

Etymology

locality (state)

Xysticus concursus Gertsch, 1934

Xysticus concursusAgnew et al. 1985: 5; Bonnet 1959: 4862; Gertsch 1934b: 9, f, desc. (fig. 13); Gertsch 1939a: 381, mf, desc. (figs 198, 208–209); Gertsch 1953: 445; Jackman 1997: 170; Roewer 1955: 917; Vogel 1970b: 27; Young and Edwards 1990: 25

Distribution

Childress, Coryell, Dickens, Erath, Hidalgo

Time of activity

Male (July); female (July – September)

Habitat

(crops: peanuts); (soil/woodland: post oak savanna with pasture)

Method

pitfall trap [f]

Type

Texas (female, Hidalgo Co., Edinburg, no date, S. Mulaik, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Latin, resemble two other species (Xysticus gulosus Keyserling, 1880 and Xysticus ontariensis Emerton, 1919 = Xysticus pellax O. P.-Cambridge, 1894, Gertsch 1934b)

Collection

TAMU

Xysticus elegans Keyserling, 1880

Xysticus elegansBonnet 1959: 4870; Breene et al. 1993c: 30, 48, 81, mf (figs 86A-C); Calixto et al. 2013: 185; Dean et al. 1982: 255; Gertsch 1939a: 372 [S], mf, desc. (figs 156–157, 192); Jackman 1997: 170; Young and Edwards 1990: 25

Xysticus limbatus Keyserling, 1880; Banks 1913: 177; Comstock 1912: 536; Marx 1890: 555

Distribution

Hill, Jack, Montague, Robertson, Walker, Wichita

Locality

Ellis Prison Unit, Holmes Pecan Orchard

Time of activity

Female (March, November – December)

Habitat

(crops: cotton); (orchard: pecan); (soil/woodland: shrub); (structures: homeowner bitten in shower)

Method

cardboard band [f]

Type

Georgia

Etymology

Latin, elegant

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Xysticus ellipticus Turnbull, Dondale & Redner, 1965

Xysticus ellipticusDondale and Redner 1978b: 228, mf, desc. (figs 690–693); Jackman 1997: 170; Turnbull et al. 1965: 1258 [new name], mf (figs 68, 71, 148, 151)

Synema obscurum Keyserling, 1880; Gertsch 1939a: 339, mf, desc. (figs 78–79, 93); Roewer 1955: 894; Vogel 1970b: 26

Distribution

Jeff Davis

Type

New Hampshire

Etymology

Latin, epigynum elliptical

Xysticus emertoni Keyserling, 1880

Xysticus emertoniComstock 1940: 549, mf, desc. (figs 590, 601); Dondale and Redner 1978b: 206, mf, desc. (figs 419–421, 620–624); Gertsch 1939a: 374, mf, desc. (figs 158–159, 197); Gertsch 1953: 436; Jackman 1997: 170; Turnbull et al. 1965: 1249; Vogel 1970b: 27

Distribution

Texas

Type

Georgia

Etymology

Person (arachnologist)

Xysticus ferox (Hentz, 1847)

Xysticus feroxAgnew et al. 1985: 8, 11; Bradley 2013: 243; Calixto et al. 2013: 185; Cokendolpher et al. 1979: 732; Dean and Eger 1986: 142; Dondale and Redner 1978b: 212, mf, desc. (figs 640–644); Gertsch 1953: 446; Henderson 2007: 54, 78, 81, 85; Jackman 1997: 126, 170 (photo 40f); Kaston 1972: 244, desc. (fig. 555); Kaston 1978: 234, desc. (fig. 600); Reddell and Cokendolpher 2004: 94; Roberts 2001: 51; Turnbull et al. 1965: 1251; Vogel 1970b: 27; Yantis 2005: 67, 199, 202 [Gertsch 1939a: 385 [S], mf, desc. (figs 212–213, 225, 233)]

Xysticus transversatus Walckenaer, 1837; Rydzak and Killebrew 1982: 7

Xysticus stomachosus Keyserling, 1880; Jones 1936: 69

Distribution

Anderson, Angelina, Bandera, Bastrop, Baylor, Bexar, Brazos, Burleson, Coryell, Dallas, Erath, Fort Bend, Goliad, Hays, Hood, Houston, Kerr, Leon, Madison, Montague, Potter, Robertson, San Patricio, Smith, Travis, Trinity, Uvalde, Walker, Wichita

Locality

Angelina National Forest, Brazos Bend State Park, Goliad State Park, Holmes Pecan Orchard, Lick Creek Park, Lost Maples State Park, Texas A&M University Rangeland Area, Welder Wildlife Refuge, Wildcat Bluff Nature Center

Caves

Bexar (Cave of the Bearded Tree)

Time of activity

Male (January, March – May, August, October, December); female (March – August)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave); (littoral: sedge meadow); (nest/prey: mud dauber nest); (orchard: pecan); (plants: bluebonnets, Indian paintbrush); (soil/woodland: buckeye-sycamore forest, disturbed habitat, edge of woods, field border, hardwood bottomland, Juniperus managed plot, leaf litter, live oak woodland, old field, pine woods [%: 66, 67, 80, 83, 84, 85, 95, 97, 99], post oak savanna with pasture, post oak woods [%: 41, 56, 77, 82, 92, 94, 96], riparian woodland, sandy area, under [juniper, oak], upland woods, woods); (structures: on bedroom floor, dark corner in house, in garage)

Method

5 gallon bucket trap [mf]; blue pan trap [f]; cardboard band [f]; carrion pitfall trap [mf]; flight intercept trap [mf]; flight intercept trap elevated [f]; flight intercept trap on ground [mf]; pitfall trap [mf] (edge of woods [f], in leaves [mf], in woods [mf], under juniper [f], under oak [f]); ramp trap [f]; tile trap [f]; sweeping [mf]

Type

United States

Etymology

Latin, fierce

Collection

DMNS, MSU, TAMU, TMM

Xysticus fraternus Banks, 1895

Xysticus fraternusDean and Eger 1986: 142; Henderson 2007: 35, 52–55, 57, 75, 78, 81, 85; Jackman 1997: 170; Yantis 2005: 67, 199, 202 [Gertsch 1939a: 384, mf, desc. (figs 214–215, 224)]

Distribution

Angelina, Brazos, Houston, Hunt, Leon, Madison, Sabine, Smith, Travis, Tyler, Walker

Locality

Angelina National Forest, Big Slough Wild Area, Big Thicket National Preserve, Huntsville State Park, Lick Creek Park, Tyler State Park

Time of activity

Male (March – May); female (March – May)

Habitat

(plants: bluebonnets, Indian paintbrush); (soil/woodland: beech magnolia forest, bottomland hardwood, disturbed habitat, hardwood litter, leaf litter, loblolly pine managed, pine woods [%: 88], post oak woods [%: 49, 71, 84, 91, 92, 96], post oak woodland, sedge, upland woods)

Method

5 gallon bucket trap [mf]; blue pan trap [mf]; flight intercept trap [f]; flight intercept trap/malaise trap [mf]; malaise trap [mf]; pitfall trap [mf]; sweeping [mf]

Type

New York, Long Island

Etymology

Latin, brotherly

Collection

DMNS, MSU, TAMU

Xysticus funestus Keyserling, 1880

Xysticus funestusAgnew et al. 1985: 5, 10; Bonnet 1959: 4875; Breene et al. 1993c: 30, 48, 81, mf (figs 87A-C); Brown 1974: 238; Calixto et al. 2013: 185; Cokendolpher et al. 1979: 732; Dean et al. 1982: 255; Dondale and Redner 1978b: 211, mf, desc. (figs 635–639); Gertsch 1939a: 367 [S], mf, desc. (figs 162–163, 175); Gertsch 1953: 433; Jackman 1997: 126, 170; Kagan 1942: 48; Kagan 1943: 258; Kaston 1972: 245, desc. (fig. 556); Kaston 1978: 234, desc. (fig. 601); Milstead 1958: 446; Nyffeler et al. 1988a: 55; Reddell and Cokendolpher 2004: 94; Roewer 1955: 914 [S]; Turnbull et al. 1965: 1247; Vogel 1970b: 27; Yantis 2005: 67, 199, 202; Young and Edwards 1990: 25

Xysticus tumefactus (Walckenaer, 1837); Rapp 1984: 8

Xysticus nervosus Banks, 1892; Jones 1936: 69

Distribution

Anderson, Archer, Baylor, Bexar, Brazos, Burleson, Cameron, Colorado, Comal, Comanche, Coryell, Dallas, Erath, Fort Bend, Galveston, Grimes, Hamilton, Harris, Henderson, Hidalgo, Houston, Jeff Davis, Kerr, Kimble, Lampasas, Lavaca, Leon, Madison, McLennan, Nacogdoches, Parker, Presidio, Robertson, Runnels, Sabine, Travis, Victoria, Walker, Wichita

Locality

Anzalduas County Park, Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge, Bentsen-Rio Grande Valley State Park, Bill Haney Pecan Orchard, Davis Mountains Resort, Ellis Prison Unit, Holmes Pecan Orchard, Lick Creek Park, Riley Estate, Sabal Palm Audubon Sanctuary, Santa Ana National Wildlife Refuge, Zilker Park

Caves

Bexar (Lone Gunman Pit)

Time of activity

Male (January – July, September – December); female (January – December)

Habitat

(crops: cotton, peanuts); (grass: grass); (landscape features: cave); (littoral: salt marsh area, sedge meadow); (nest/prey: mud dauber nest [f]; stomach of Cnemidophorus sacki); (orchard: pecan); (plants: bluebonnets, miscellaneous vegetation); (soil/woodland: beech-magnolia forest, leaf litter, pine woods [%: 60, 67, 69, 73, 82, 88], post oak savanna with pasture, post oak woods [%: 74, 80, 84, 96], tree, upland deciduous forest, woods); (structures: house wall, indoors, on floor in building)

Method

5 gallon bucket trap [mf]; beating [f]; cardboard band [mf]; D-Vac suction [f]; flight intercept trap [f]; flight intercept trap on ground [m]; fogging [m]; malaise trap [mf]; pitfall trap [mf] (in leaves [f]); suction trap [mf]; sweeping [mf]

Type

Maryland, Baltimore

Etymology

Latin, deadly

Collection

DMNS, MSU, TAMU, TMM

Xysticus furtivus Gertsch, 1936

Xysticus furtivusBonnet 1959: 4876; Gertsch 1936: 15, mf, desc; Gertsch 1939a: 388, mf, desc. (figs 218–219, 227); Gertsch 1953: 450; Jackman 1997: 170; Roewer 1955: 919; Vogel 1970b: 27

Distribution

Hidalgo, Kenedy, Milam

Locality

Kenedy Ranch

Time of activity

Male (March 25-April 18, April); female (March 1-April 2, April)

Habitat

(littoral: sand dune area); (soil/woodland: oak savanna)

Method

pitfall trap [mf]

Type

Texas (male, Hidalgo Co., Edinburg, no date, S. Mulaik, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Latin, concealed

Collection

TAMU

Xysticus gulosus Keyserling, 1880

Xysticus gulosusAgnew et al. 1985: 5; Bonnet 1959: 4877; Cokendolpher et al. 1979: 732; Gertsch 1939a: 353, mf, desc. (figs 140–141, 165); Jackman 1997: 170; Jones 1936: 69; Rapp 1984: 8; Vogel 1970b: 27; Young and Edwards 1990: 25

Distribution

Brazos, Coryell, Dallas, El Paso, Erath, Fannin, Galveston, Kerr, Sutton, Travis, Wichita

Locality

Zilker Park

Time of activity

Male (March, October); female (February, April 26-May 2, July, October)

Habitat

(crops: peanuts); (plants: miscellaneous vegetation); (soil/woodland: post oak savanna with pasture, sandy area)

Method

pitfall trap [f]

Type

Georgia

Etymology

Latin, gluttonous

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Xysticus lassanus Chamberlin, 1925

Xysticus lassanusAgnew et al. 1985: 8; Broussard and Horner 2006: 255; Chamberlin 1925: 218, desc; Gertsch 1939a: 360, m, desc. (figs 124–125); Gertsch 1953: 431 [S]; Jackman 1997: 170; Milstead 1958: 446; Richman et al. 2011a: 49; Roewer 1955: 920; Vogel 1970b: 27

Xysticus coloradensis Bryant, 1930; Gertsch 1939a: 380, f (fig. 199)

Distribution

Brewster, El Paso, Erath, Presidio, Roberts

Locality

Chihuahuan desert, Dalquest Research Site, La Mota Mountains

Time of activity

Female (April)

Habitat

(nest/prey: stomach of Cnemidophorus tessellatus, Geococcyx californicus)

Method

pitfall trap [mf]

Type

Texas (male, Roberts Co., no date, no collector, holotype, MCZ)

Etymology

Latin, faint

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Xysticus locuples Keyserling, 1880

Xysticus locuplesJackman 1997: 170 [Turnbull et al. 1965: 1245, mf (figs 30, 33, 112, 115, 168)]

Distribution

Travis

Time of activity

Female (March)

Habitat

(soil/woodland: Juniperus ashei)

Method

sweeping [f]

Type

Colorado

Etymology

Latin, substantial

Collection

TAMU

Xysticus nevadensis (Keyserling, 1880)

Xysticus nevadensisDondale and Redner 1975a: 134 [T]; Jackman 1997: 170

Oxyptila nevadensis Keyserling, 1880; Gertsch 1953: 467, f, desc. (fig. 84); Vogel 1970b: 26 [not Hidalgo Co. record] [Gertsch 1939a: 347, mf, desc. (figs 112–113, 132)]

Distribution

Kerr

Locality

Raven Ranch

Time of activity

Female (December)

Type

Nevada

Etymology

locality (state)

Xysticus paiutus Gertsch, 1933

Xysticus paiutus [Gertsch 1953: 441, mf (figs 42–44)]

Distribution

Hays, Knox

Time of activity

Male (April, July – August); female (August)

Habitat

(crops: cotton); (soil/woodland: Juniperus managed plot, post oak savanna with pasture)

Method

Flight intercept trap [m]; pitfall trap [mf]

Type

Utah, St. George

Etymology

Indian tribe

Collection

TAMU

Xysticus pellax O. P.-Cambridge, 1894

Xysticus pellaxAgnew et al. 1985: 5, 10; Cokendolpher et al. 1979: 732; Cokendolpher et al. 2008: 11, 56; Gertsch 1953: 421, m (figs 1–2); Jackman 1997: 170; Vogel 1970b: 27; Yantis 2005: 67, 199, 202; Young and Edwards 1990: 25 [Dondale and Redner 1978b: 181, mf, desc. (figs 547–553)]

Distribution

Brazos, Brewster, Brown, Burleson, Carson, Comanche, Coryell, Erath, Jeff Davis, Leon, Madison, Polk, Rains, Travis, Wichita

Locality

Pantex Lake

Time of activity

Male (July, September – November); female (April – May, July, September – November)

Habitat

(crops: peanuts); (grass: grassland); (littoral: near playa); (plants: miscellaneous vegetation, Thelesperma sp.); (soil/woodland: ground, pine woods [%: 77], post oak savanna with pasture, post oak woods [%: 43, 48, 75, 76, 85, 93])

Method

5 gallon bucket trap [mf]; pitfall trap [mf]; sweeping [m]

Type

Mexico, Guerrero, Amula

Etymology

Latin, deceitful

Collection

DMNS, MSU, TAMU

Xysticus punctatus Keyserling, 1880

Xysticus punctatusJackman 1997: 170 [Gertsch 1939a: 393 [S], mf, desc. (figs 236–237, 265)]

Xysticus formosus Banks, 1892; Brown 1974: 238

Distribution

Nacogdoches

Time of activity

Female (May)

Habitat

(soil/woodland: falling from tree)

Type

North Carolina

Etymology

Latin, spotted with puncture-like spots

Xysticus robinsoni Gertsch, 1953

Xysticus robinsoniAgnew et al. 1985: 8; Cokendolpher and Horner 1980: 109, f, desc. (figs 1–3); Cokendolpher and Reddell 2001b: 55; Cokendolpher et al. 1979: 732; Cokendolpher et al. 2008: 11, 56 (fig. 16); Gertsch 1953: 441, m, desc. (fig. 46); Jackman 1997: 126, 170; Knutson and Gilstrap 1989: 514; Roewer 1955: 915; Vogel 1967: 157; Vogel 1970b: 27

Xysticus orizaba Banks, 1898; Gertsch 1939a: 378 [Texas record]

Distribution

Archer, Bell, Bosque, Brazos, Brown, Carson, Castro, Coryell, Erath, Fannin, Floyd, Jeff Davis, Lubbock, Montague, Palo Pinto, Taylor, Wichita

Locality

Fort Hood, Lacuna Park, McDonald Observatory, Pantex Lake

Caves

Bell (Keilman Cave [Fort Hood])

Time of activity

Male (February – April, July – August); female (February – June, August)

Habitat

(crops: corn, cotton, peanuts); (landscape features: cave); (littoral: near playa); (plants: Indian paintbrush, Gaillardia pulchella); (soil/woodland: edge of woods, ground litter, leaf litter, post oak savanna with pasture); (structures: outside house)

Method

pitfall trap [mf] (edge of woods [m]); sweeping [mf]

Type

Texas (male, Brazos Co., February 23, 1935, J. H. Robinson, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Person (collector)

Collection

MSU, TAMU, TMM

Xysticus texanus Banks, 1904

Xysticus texanusAgnew et al. 1985: 5; Banks 1904: 112, f, desc; Banks 1910: 48; Breene et al. 1993c: 31, 80, mf (figs 85A-B); Brown 1974: 239; Calixto et al. 2013: 185; Cokendolpher et al. 1979: 733; Cokendolpher et al. 2008: 11, 56 (photo 49); Dean and Eger 1986: 142; Dean et al. 1982: 255; Gertsch 1939a: 375, mf, desc. (figs 186–187, 193); Gertsch 1953: 439; Jackman 1997: 126, 170; Petrunkevitch 1911: 441; Roberts 2001: 51; Roewer 1955: 915; Vogel 1970b: 27; Young and Edwards 1990: 25

Distribution

Archer, Bexar, Brazos, Cameron, Carson, Comanche, Coryell, Dickens, Erath, Hidalgo, Llano, Lubbock, Nacogdoches, Palo Pinto, Potter, San Patricio, Walker, Wichita

Locality

Bill Haney Pecan Orchard, Ellis Prison Unit, Pantex Lake, Robert J. Baker Ranch, Welder Wildlife Refuge, Wildcat Bluff Nature Center

Time of activity

Male (April, July – September); female (April – May, July, September)

Habitat

(crops: cotton, peanuts, sunflower); (littoral: near playa); (nest/prey: mud dauber nest [imm.]); (orchard: pecan); (plants: Indian paintbrush, miscellaneous vegetation, Catalpa speciosa); (soil/woodland: clay soil brushland, post oak savanna with pasture, redbud, Albizzia julibrissin); (structures: garage, indoors, on house)

Method

Ballooning [imm.]; pitfall trap [m]; suction trap [pen f]; sweeping [f]

Type

Texas (female, Bexar Co., San Antonio, no date, no collector, holotype, MCZ)

Etymology

locality (state)

Collection

JCC, MSU, TAMU, TTU

Family Titanoecidae Lehtinen, 1967

Note. raised to family (Lehtinen 1967: 270)

Genus Titanoeca Thorell, 1870

Titanoeca americana Emerton, 1888

Titanoeca americanaAgnew et al. 1985: 6; Brown 1974: 231; Cokendolpher et al. 2008: 11, 56 (photo 50); Henderson 2007: 55, 78, 81, 85; Jackman 1997: 100, desc., 170; Leech 1972: 100 [S], mf, desc. (figs 181–182, 377, 380)

Titanoeca americana anopla Chamberlin, 1947; Chamberlin 1947: 21, f (fig. 35); Roewer 1955: 1374; Vogel 1967: 19; Vogel 1970b: 3

Distribution

Brazos, Cameron, Carson, Clay, Colorado, Coryell, Erath, Hays, Hidalgo, Jack, Jeff Davis, Jim Wells, Kenedy, Lubbock, Montague, San Patricio, Shelby (imm.)

Locality

Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge, Kenedy Ranch, Lick Creek Park, Pantex Lake

Time of activity

Male (March – June, August); female (March, May – June)

Habitat

(grass: grass, grassland); (landscape features: under rock); (littoral: near [playa, pond], sand dune area); (soil/woodland: leaf litter, post oak savanna with pasture, post oak woodland, sandy area, under [juniper, live oak, oak])

Method

pitfall trap [mf] (in sand [m], near pond [m], under juniper [m], under oak [m]); yellow pan trap [m]

Type

New Hampshire, Mount Monadnock

Etymology

locality (country)

Collection

JCC, MSU, TAMU

Titanoeca nigrella (Chamberlin, 1919)

Titanoeca nigrellaJackman 1997: 170; Leech 1972: 96, mf, desc. (figs 177–178, 375, 379); Yantis 2005: 67, 198, 202

Distribution

Archer, Houston, Jeff Davis, Leon, Nueces, San Patricio, Tarrant, Taylor, Travis, Trinity, Uvalde, Walker, Wichita

Locality

Davis Mountains

Time of activity

Male (March – May); female (March, September 27-October 6)

Habitat

(landscape features: under rock); (soil/woodland: pine woods [%: 66, 82, 85, 86, 97], post oak woods [%: 71, 82, 91, 92, 93]); (structures: house)

Method

5 gallon bucket trap [mf]

Type

California, Claremont

Etymology

Latin, color black

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Titanoeca nivalis Simon, 1874

Titanoeca nivalisMarusik 1995: 126 [S]

Titanoeca silvicola (Chamberlin and Ivie, 1947); Chamberlin 1947: 22, m (fig. 36); Vogel 1970b: 3 [Leech 1972: 98, mf, desc. (figs 179–180, 376, 381)]

Distribution

Texas

Type

Alps

Etymology

Latin, referring to snow (as in snow white)

Family Trachelidae Simon, 1897

Note. raised to family (Ramírez 2014: 342)

Genus Meriola Banks, 1895

Note. transferred from Corinnidae (Ramírez 2014: 342)

Meriola decepta Banks, 1895

Meriola deceptaCalixto et al. 2013: 181, 188, 189; Cokendolpher et al. 2008: 8, 16 (fig. 4); Irungu 2007: 30; Knutson et al. 2010: 515; Pfannenstiel 2008a: 204; Platnick and Ewing 1995: 8 [T]

Meriola deceptus Banks, 1895; Jackman 1997: 162

Trachelas deceptus (Banks, 1895); Agnew et al. 1985: 4, 10; Breene et al. 1993a: 169; Breene et al. 1993c: 14, 47, 85, mf (figs 96A-B); Dean and Eger 1986: 142; Dean and Sterling 1987: 6; Dean and Sterling 1990: 403; Dean et al. 1982: 255; Kaston 1978: 213, desc.; Platnick and Shadab 1974b: 29 [S], mf, desc. (figs 103–106); Young and Edwards 1990: 16

Meriola inornata (Banks, 1901); Brown 1974: 233

Distribution

Bastrop, Bexar, Blanco, Brazos, Brooks, Burleson, Caldwell, Cameron, Carson, Clay, Collingsworth, Comanche, Coryell, Dallas, Delta, Denton, Erath, Floyd, Goliad, Gonzales, Grayson, Hidalgo, Houston, Howard, Jeff Davis, Jim Wells, Kerr, Kleberg, Llano, Nacogdoches, Robertson, San Patricio, Taylor, Tom Green, Travis, Walker, Webb, Wichita, Williamson

Locality

5-Eagle Ranch, Adriance Pecan Orchard, Bastrop State Park, Bill Haney Pecan Orchard, Browning Ranch, Ellis Prison Unit, Holmes Pecan Orchard, Lake Corpus Christi State Park, Palmetto State Park, Proctor Lake, Stiles Farm Foundation, Texas A&M University Rangeland Area, Welder Wildlife Refuge

Time of activity

Male (January, March – November); female (February – December, December 22 – January 12)

Habitat

(crops: cabbage, cotton, peanuts); (grass: grass, pasture); (landscape features: under rock); (littoral: near pond, playa); (orchard: citrus, pecan); (plants: emergent vegetation, Indian paintbrush, vegetation); (soil/woodland: forest litter, leaf litter, post oak savanna with pasture, saltcedar, sandy area, savanna, trees, woods); (structures: building at night, house, indoors)

Method

Beating [m]; berlese funnel [f]; cardboard band [mf]; D-Vac suction [f]; fogging [f]; malaise trap [m]; pitfall trap [mf]; suction trap [mf]; sweeping [f]; yellow pan trap [m]

Type

New York, Long Island, Sea Cliff

Etymology

Latin, deceiving

Collection

DMNS, MCZ, MSU, TAMU

Genus Trachelas L. Koch, 1872

Note. transferred from Corinnidae (Ramírez 2014: 342)

Trachelas mexicanus Banks, 1898

Trachelas mexicanusAgnew et al. 1985: 8; Calixto et al. 2013: 181, 185, 187; Jackman 1997: 162; Lombardini et al. 2005: 1378; Platnick and Shadab 1974a: 12, mf, desc. (figs 18–21, 46); Roberts 2001: 50

Distribution

Bexar, Brazos, Brewster, Burleson, Cameron, Comanche, Erath, Goliad, Hale, Hays, Hidalgo, Howard, Hunt, Lubbock, Medina, Potter, Presidio, Robertson, Travis, Val Verde, Washington, Wichita

Locality

Adriance Pecan Orchard, Bentsen-Rio Grande Valley State Park, Big Bend National Park, Bill Haney Pecan Orchard, Chinati Mountains, Frontera Audubon, Goliad State Park, Holmes Pecan Orchard, Lick Creek Park, Riley Estate, Somerville Lake, Storey Pecan Orchard, Wildcat Bluff Nature Center

Time of activity

Male (January – December); female (January – December)

Habitat

(crops: peanuts); (grass: grass); (orchard: grapefruit, orange, pecan, sour orange); (soil/woodland: Juniperus unmanaged plot, old field, post oak savanna with pasture, saltcedar, sandy area, trees/shrubs, under bark, Quercus buckleyi, Quercus virginiana, Ulmus crassifolia); (structures: in house)

Method

Beating [mf]; cardboard band [mf]; flight intercept trap on ground [f]; irrigation tubing [f]; pitfall trap [mf]; sweeping [m]

Type

Mexico, Nayarit

Etymology

locality (country)

Collection

DMNS, JCC, MSU, NMSU, TAMU

Trachelas similis F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1899

Trachelas similisCalixto et al. 2013: 181; Jackman 1997: 162; Kaston 1978: 213; Platnick and Shadab 1974a: 23, mf, desc. (figs 52–55); Rapp 1984: 7

Distribution

Angelina, Brazos, Dallas, Fannin, Galveston, Gonzales, Hardin, Houston, Hunt, Jefferson, Liberty, Robertson, Rusk, Sabine, Walker

Locality

Holmes Pecan Orchard, Lick Creek Park, Sam Houston National Forest, White Rock Lake

Time of activity

Male (March, May, July – September, November – December); female (March, July – November)

Habitat

(grass: grassy and shrub area); (littoral: sedge meadow); (orchard: pecan); (soil/woodland: beech magnolia forest, damp hardwood forest, bottomland forest, magnolia litter, sandy area, wooded area)

Method

Berlese funnel [m]; cardboard band [mf]; flight intercept trap [mf]; malaise trap [f]; pitfall trap [m]; sweeping [f]

Type

Mexico, Veracruz, Orizaba

Etymology

Latin, similar to Trachelas bulbosus F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1899

Collection

MCZ, MSU, TAMU

Trachelas tranquillus (Hentz, 1847)

Trachelas tranquillusBrown 1974: 233; Jackman 1997: 162; Trevino 2014: 11 [Platnick and Shadab 1974a: 8, mf, desc. (figs 1–9, 42–44)]

Distribution

Bexar, Clay, Kerr, Nacogdoches, Palo Pinto, Tarrant, Travis, Webb, Wichita

Time of activity

Male (April, July); female (February, April, July)

Habitat

(plants: vegetation); (structures: in house)

Type

New York, Long Island, Greenport

Etymology

Latin, quiet, calm

Collection

DMNS, MCZ, MSU

Trachelas volutus Gertsch, 1935

Trachelas volutusBreene et al. 1993a: 169; Breene et al. 1993c: 14, 47, 85, mf (figs 97A-B); Bumroongsook et al. 1992: 17; Chamberlin and Ivie 1935b: 41; Dean et al. 1982: 255; Gertsch 1935b: 13, mf, desc. (figs 27–28); Jackman 1997: 162; Liao et al. 1984: 410; Pfannenstiel 2008a: 204; Platnick and Shadab 1974a: 10, mf, desc. (figs 14–17, 45); Reddell and Cokendolpher 2004: 77; Roewer 1955: 589; Vincent and Frankie 1985: 380; Vogel 1970b: 6; Young and Edwards 1990: 16

Distribution

Eastern 2/3 Texas; Bastrop, Bell, Bexar, Brazos, Brooks, Brown, Burleson, Caldwell, Cameron, Comanche, Dallas, Harris, Hidalgo, Kerr, Kleberg, La Salle, Llano, Lubbock, Medina, Nueces, San Patricio, Starr, Travis, Wichita

Locality

Adriance Pecan Orchard, Bastrop State Park, Bill Haney Pecan Orchard, Lick Creek Park, Raven Ranch, Sabal Palm Audubon Sanctuary, Texas A&M University Rangeland Area, Vinson Pecan Farm

Caves

Bexar (Surprise Sink)

Time of activity

Male (January, March – July, October – November); female (January – August, September 25-October 2, October – December)

Habitat

(crops: cotton); (grass: grass); (landscape features: cave); (orchard: citrus, pecan); (soil/woodland: live oak, old field, sandy area, tree bark, under bark, Quercus buckleyi, Quercus virginiana, Ulmus crassifolia)

Method

Beating [f]; cardboard band [m]; irrigation tubing [f]; pitfall trap [mf]; sweeping [f]

Type

Texas (male, Hidalgo Co., Edinburg, January 15, 1934, S. Mulaik, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Latin, spiral

Collection

DMNS, JCC, MCZ, MSU, TAMU, TMM, TTU

Family Uloboridae Thorell, 1869

Note. Species incorrectly reported from Texas

Uloborus diversus Marx, 1898; Kaston 1972: 75; Kaston 1978: 77 [not in Texas]

Genus Hyptiotes Walckenaer, 1837

Hyptiotes cavatus (Hentz, 1847)

Hyptiotes cavatusDondale et al. 2003: 36, mf, desc. (figs 19–24); Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 334; Jackman 1997: 47, desc., 170; Kaston 1972: 76, desc. (fig. 172); Kaston 1978: 77, desc. (fig. 190); Muma and Gertsch 1964: 13, mf, desc. (figs 6–11, 13–17); Vogel 1970b: 28

Distribution

East Texas; Panola, San Augustine, Travis, Tyler

Caves

Travis (Dobie Shelter)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave)

Type

Alabama

Etymology

Latin, caves

Collection

TMM

Hyptiotes puebla Muma & Gertsch, 1964

Hyptiotes pueblaJackman 1997: 170; Muma and Gertsch 1964: 14, mf, desc. (figs 18, 20, 23, 33–34); Vogel 1970b: 28

Distribution

Brewster

Locality

Big Bend National Park, Chisos Basin

Time of activity

Female (September)

Type

New Mexico, Camp Mary White

Etymology

Spanish, house

Genus Miagrammopes O. P.-Cambridge, 1870

Miagrammopes mexicanus O. P.-Cambridge, 1893

Miagrammopes mexicanusBradley 2013: 246; Gertsch 1979: 144; Jackman 1997: 170; Muma and Gertsch 1964: 4 [S], f, desc. (figs 5, 12); Opell 2005: 253; Roth 1982: 50–1; Roth 1985: B-46–1; Roth 1994: 31; Vogel 1970b: 28

Miagrammopes lineatus O. P.-Cambridge, 1894; Bryant 1933: 171; Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 334; Vogel 1970b: 28

Distribution

Cameron

Locality

Sabal Palm Audubon Sanctuary

Time of activity

Female (February)

Habitat

(soil/woodland: palm forest margin [resaca bank])

Type

Mexico, Guerrero, Amula

[male known but not described, deposited at TAMU]

Etymology

locality (country)

Collection

TAMU

Genus Octonoba Opell, 1979

Octonoba sinensis (Simon, 1880)

Octonoba sinensisYoshida 1980: 58 [S]

Uloborus octonarius Muma, 1945 [Muma and Gertsch 1964: 38, mf, desc. (figs 35, 87–90)]

Octonoba octonaria (Muma, 1945); Opell 1979: 515 [T]

Octonoba octonarius (Muma, 1945); Peaslee and Peck 1983: 53

Distribution

North-central Texas

Type

China

Etymology

New Latin, China

Genus Philoponella Mello-Leitão, 1917

Philoponella oweni (Chamberlin, 1924)

Philoponella oweniBreene et al. 1993a: 169; Jackman 1997: 170; Lehtinen 1967: 258 [T]; Opell 1979: 536, mf, desc. (figs 255–258)

Uloborus oweni Chamberlin, 1924 [Muma and Gertsch 1964: 34, mf, desc. (figs 77–81)]

Distribution

Hidalgo, Hudspeth, Wichita

Locality

Bentsen-Rio Grande Valley State Park, Santa Ana National Wildlife Refuge

Time of activity

Male (May); female (May, September – October)

Habitat

(orchard: citrus)

Type

Mexico, Baja California, Gulf of California, Marques Bay, Carmen Island

Etymology

Person (collector, Virgil Owen)

Collection

MSU, TAMU

Philoponella semiplumosa (Simon, 1893)

Philoponella semiplumosaJackman 1997: 170; Opell 1979: 534 [S], mf, desc. (figs 245–254); Opell 1983: 65

Uloborus variegatus O. P.-Cambridge, 1898; Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 334; Muma and Gertsch 1964: 33, mf, desc. (figs 72–76); Roewer 1955: 1345; Vogel 1970b: 28

Distribution

South Texas; Cameron, Hidalgo, Live Oak, Starr

Locality

Bentsen-Rio Grande Valley State Park, Lake Corpus Christi, Piper’s Lake, Santa Ana National Wildlife Refuge

Time of activity

Male (March – April, August); female (March, May – August, October – December)

Type

Venezuela

Etymology

Latin, half-feather

Collection

DMNS, TAMU

Genus Uloborus Latreille, 1806

Uloborus campestratus Simon, 1893

Uloborus campestratus [Opell 1979: 506 [S], mf, desc. (figs 148–156)]

Uloborus cinereus Muma & Gertsch, 1964 [Muma and Gertsch 1964: 28, mf, desc. (figs 52–56)]

Distribution

Galveston, Wichita

Type

Venezuela

Etymology

Latin, referring to a field

Collection

MSU

Uloborus glomosus (Walckenaer, 1841)

Uloborus glomosusAgnew et al. 1985: 3; Breene et al. 1993a: 169; Breene et al. 1993b: 648; Breene et al. 1993c: 31, 48, 52, mf (figs 8A-C); Brown 1974: 239; Bumroongsook et al. 1992: 18; Dean and Eger 1986: 141; Dean and Sterling 1990: 401; Dean et al. 1982: 254; Dean et al. 1988: 286; Dondale et al. 2003: 41, mf, desc. (figs 31–35); Jackman 1997: 48, desc., 170 (photo 16b); Kaston 1972: 74, desc. (fig. 169); Kaston 1978: 76, desc. (fig. 187); Muma and Gertsch 1964: 22 [S], mf, desc. (figs 40–41, 44–45, 66–70); Nyffeler and Sterling 1994: 1295, 1298; Nyffeler et al. 1987c: 372; Nyffeler et al. 1988a: 55; Nyffeler et al. 1989: 374, 377; Rapp 1984: 3; Rice 1986: 124; Vogel 1970b: 28; Young and Edwards 1990: 25

Uloborus americanus Walckenaer, 1841; Bonnet 1959: 4759; Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 335; Jones 1936: 69; Vogel 1970b: 28 [Texas records]

Uloborus mammeatus Hentz, 1850; McCook 1889: 176

Uloborus plumipes Emerton, 1888; Banks 1898b: 234

Distribution

Eastern ½ Texas; Anderson, Archer, Atascosa, Bowie, Brazos, Brewster, Burleson, Cameron, Coryell, Dallas, Erath, Galveston, Goliad, Harris, Hidalgo, Houston, Hunt, Kerr, Lubbock, Montgomery, Nacogdoches, Newton, Polk, Presidio, Sabine, San Patricio, Starr, Travis, Tyler, Uvalde, Walker, Washington, Wichita, Zapata

Locality

Adriance Pecan Orchard, Bentsen-Rio Grande Valley State Park, Big Bend National Park, Big Bend Ranch State Park, Brison Pecan Orchard, Chisos Mountains, Ellis Prison Unit, Frontera Audubon, Garner State Park, Kirby State Forest, La Gringa Resaca, Lake Corpus Christi State Park, Lake Tawakoni State Park, Lick Creek Park, Texas A&M University Rangeland Area

Time of activity

Male (March 20-April 29, April – October); female (March – November)

Habitat

(crops: cotton, peanuts, sugarcane); (grass: grass, grassland, grassy and shrub area, pasture); (littoral: woods); (nest/prey: mud dauber nest); (orchard: citrus, grapefruit, peach tree, pecan); (plants: bluebonnets, bush, miscellaneous vegetation); (soil/woodland: beech-magnolia forest, post oak savanna with pasture, woods, Juniperus ashei, Ulmus crassifolia); (web: web near creek); (structures: porch)

Method

Beating [mf]; beating/sweeping [f]; D-Vac suction [mf]; flight intercept trap on ground [m]; malaise trap [m]; suction trap [m]; sweeping [mf]

Eggs/spiderlings

Brazos [36 spiderlings] [TAMU]

Type

Georgia

Etymology

Latin, referring to a rounded body

Collection

DMNS, JCC, MSU, TAMU

Uloborus segregatus Gertsch, 1936

Uloborus segregatusBonnet 1959: 4768; Gertsch 1936: 4, mf, desc. (fig. 7); Gertsch and Mulaik 1940: 335; Jackman 1997: 170; Muma and Gertsch 1964: 26, mf, desc. (figs 57–61); Opell 1979: 505, mf, desc. (figs 140–147); Opell 1983: 64; Roewer 1955: 1345; Vogel 1970b: 28

Distribution

Hidalgo

Locality

Bentsen-Rio Grande Valley State Park, Piper’s Lake

Time of activity

Male (March, June, August – September); female (March, May – October)

Habitat

(soil/woodland: punkwood)

Type

Texas (male, Hidalgo Co., Edinburg, September 16, 1935, S. Mulaik, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Latin, separated

Collection

TAMU

Family Zorocratidae Dahl, 1913

Genus Zorocrates Simon, 1888

Note. transferred from Tengellidae to Zorocratidae (Griswold et al. 1999: 59) and to Zoropsidae (Polotow et al. 2015: 152)

Family Zoropsidae Bertkau, 1882

Note. family revalidated (Polotow et al. 2015: 141)

Genus Lauricius Simon, 1888

Note. transferred from Tengellidae (Polotow et al. 2015: 152)

Lauricius hooki Gertsch, 1941

Lauricius hooki [Edwards 1958: 372, mf, desc. (figs 4–6, 18, 204)]

Distribution

Brown

Type

Arizona, White Mountains

Etymology

Person (collector, Luther Hook)

Collection

MSU

Genus Zorocrates Simon, 1888

Note. transferred from Zorocratidae (Polotow et al. 2015: 152)

Zorocrates aemulus Gertsch, 1935

Zorocrates aemulusBonnet 1959: 4990; Comstock 1940: 302, desc.; Gertsch 1935a: 23, mf, desc. (figs 31–32) [see note below]; Jackman 1997: 168; Platnick and Ubick 2007: 38, mf, desc. (figs 103–107); Reddell 1965: 177; Roewer 1955: 1284; Vogel 1970b: 28

Distribution

Hidalgo, Kerr, Starr, Uvalde, Val Verde, Wichita, Zapata

Locality

Raven Ranch

Caves

Uvalde (Burial Cave); Val Verde (Wren Cave)

Time of activity

Male (January – February, April – May, November); female (January, August, October – November)

Habitat

(landscape features: cave, under rock); (soil/woodland: woods); (structures: brick yard)

Method

pitfall trap [m] (in woods [m])

Type

Texas (male, Starr Co., 0.5 mile E Rio Grande City, November 11, 1934, S. Mulaik, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Latin, emulating or rivaling

Collection

TAMU, TMM

Note

32 miles E Laredo should be 32 miles SE Laredo in Zapata Co. based on other records from this date.

Zorocrates alternatus Gertsch & Davis, 1936

Zorocrates alternatusBonnet 1959: 4990; Gertsch and Davis 1936: 14, mf, desc. (figs 18–19); Jackman 1997: 168; Platnick and Ubick 2007: 23, mf, desc. (figs 53–57); Roewer 1955: 1284; Vogel 1970b: 28

Distribution

Cameron

Locality

Sabal Palm Audubon Sanctuary

Time of activity

Male (“January – March”, November – December); female (April – May, December)

Habitat

(soil/woodland: palm forest, palm grove)

Method

carrion trap [f]

Type

Texas (male, Cameron Co., E Harlingen, January-March, 1936, L. I. Davis, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

Latin, resembles Zorocrates aemulus Gertsch, 1935 in appearance but differs

Collection

TAMU

Zorocrates karli Gertsch & Riechert, 1976

Zorocrates karli [Platnick and Ubick 2007: 37, mf, desc. (figs 98–102)]

Distribution

Brewster, Presidio

Type

New Mexico, Lincoln Co.

Etymology

Person (Named for the late Karl Riechert, father of the second author, Gertsch and Riechert 1976).

Collection

MSU

Zorocrates terrell Platnick & Ubick, 2007

Zorocrates terrellPlatnick and Ubick 2007: 29, mf, desc. (figs 73–77)

Distribution

Terrell

Type

Texas (female, Terrell Co., 10 miles SE Sanderson, no date, no collector, holotype, AMNH)

Etymology

locality (The specific name is a noun in apposition taken from the type locality, Platnick and Ubick 2007).

Zorocrates unicolor (Banks, 1901)

Zorocrates unicolorBradley 2013: 250; Platnick and Ubick 2007: 8 [S], mf, desc. (figs 6–10)

Zorocrates isolatus Gertsch and Davis, 1936; Bonnet 1959: 4990; Gertsch 1939b: 25; Gertsch and Davis 1936: 16, imm. f, desc.; Jackman 1997: 168; Ramirez 2014: 374; Roewer 1955: 1284; Vogel 1970b: 28

Zorocrates sp.; Griswold et al. 2005: 93

Distribution

Brewster

Locality

Big Bend National Park, Chisos Basin, Chisos Mountains

Time of activity

Male (August – September); female (May, August – September)

Type

Arizona, Santa Rita Mountains

Etymology

Latin, one color

Acknowledgments

I thank Winfield Sterling for first getting me started in the taxonomy of spiders and the time needed to learn spider identification on the job. His support is immensely appreciated. Norman Horner and James Cokendolpher (Midwestern State University, Wichita Falls) helped teach me how to identify spiders and provided help with identifications when I first started in spider taxonomy. Horace Burke (Curator Emeritus, Texas A&M University) for helping to set up the spider collection and John Oswald (Curator) and Ed Riley (Associate Curator) for unlimited access to and support for expanding this collection. Ed traveled extensively collecting insects and spiders that added many additional records. Charles Agnew collected many spiders from Stephenville that was the start of the collection at Texas A&M University Insect Collection (TAMU). The late Bob Breene and Joe Eger also collected many spiders.

Norman provided access to the collection at Midwestern State University to obtain data from labels. He also provided a copy of his database with county records. James Cokendolpher (Texas Tech University, Lubbock) provided records, identifications, and other help. James Reddell (Texas Memorial Museum, Austin) gave me his collection of literature records of his own list and records of the Texas Memorial Museum. His collecting (with colleagues) and exploration of many caves in Texas has greatly expanded the knowledge of cave fauna.

Marvin Harris provided support and encouragement to identify spiders from two large field collections. Alejandro Calixto did most of the field work for the study in pecans and his dissertation work that provided a large collection from three different locations. David Sissom (West Texas A&M at Canyon) provided records from the Texas panhandle. Dick Walton (Natural History Services, Massachusetts) provided records of salticids from Cameron and Hidalgo Counties. I thank Susan Dean for support for the time spent to update and revise this publication and all the collecting trips throughout Texas to collect in counties that did not have any spiders recorded. I thank Hank Guarisco and Dave Richman for their review of this manuscript; their comments were very helpful. Dave helped with the etymology. I thank the two anonymous reviewers who provided very useful comments that improved this manuscript. G. B. Edwards helped with the identification of several problem salticids. Roy Vogtsberger (Midwestern State University) provided additional help including compiling a list of theses from that university. I thank Joel Hallan and Joe Lapp for their encouragement. The following collected many useful specimens: Takesha Henderson, Rose Irungu, Allen Knutson, Mike Merchant, the late Mark Muegge, Martin Nyffeler, Mike Quinn, Bob Pfannenstiel, and the late Jim Yantis as part of their thesis work or other projects. The late John Jackman was very supportive in publishing his own field guide to the spiders of Texas. Thanks also go to unnamed people who collected and sorted spiders and provided other information for this catalog. Bea Vogel’s bibliography provided the impetus to update her list. Many taxonomists identified specimens that helped them in their revisions and provided data. I also thank other members of the Department of Entomology for collecting specimens that provided additional records.

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