Research Article |
Corresponding author: Seung Tae Kim ( stkim2000@hanmail.net ) Corresponding author: Shuqiang Li ( lisq@ioz.ac.cn ) Academic editor: Dimitar Dimitrov
© 2021 Tianqi Lan, Zhe Zhao, Seung Tae Kim, Jung Sun Yoo, Sue Yeon Lee, Shuqiang Li.
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Citation:
Lan T, Zhao Z, Kim ST, Yoo JS, Yeon Lee S, Li S (2021) Five new species of the genera Falcileptoneta and Longileptoneta (Araneae, Leptonetidae) from South Korea. ZooKeys 1010: 97-116. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1010.59915
|
Five new leptonetid species belonging to Falcileptoneta Komatsu, 1970 and Longileptoneta Seo, 2015 are newly described from South Korea: F. dolsan sp. nov. (Jeollanam-do), F. naejangsan sp. nov. (Jeollabuk-do), L. buyongsan sp. nov. (Chungcheongbuk-do), L. byeonsanbando sp. nov. (Jeollabuk-do) and L. jirisan sp. nov. (Gyeongsangnam-do). All new species are found in leaf litter and described from both male and female specimens.
Biodiversity, litter-dwelling fauna, morphology, spider, taxonomy
The spider family Leptonetidae Simon, 1890 includes 22 genera and 363 species from North America, the Mediterranean region and Asia (
All specimens were collected by hand from the litter layers of mixed forest in South Korea. Type material is deposited in the the National Institute of Biological Resources (
Falcileptoneta Komatsu, 1970: 1
Leptoneta striata Oi, 1952 from Japan.
The genus Falcileptoneta is similar to Leptoneta and Longileptoneta in having few sclerites on the male palpal bulb and absenting cribellum but can be distinguished by the following combination of male palpal characters: femur lacking strong spines, tibia usually with complex apophyses on the retrolateroapical end (Figs
Holotype. Male (
Falcileptoneta dolsan sp. nov. is similar to F. digitalis Seo, 2015 and F. geumsanensis Seo, 2016 but can be distinguished by the presence of three palpal tibial distal apophyses, dorsal apophysis sickle-shaped, middle apophysis black, triangular and ventral apophysis narrow and leaf-like (Fig.
Male (holotype). Total length 1.67. Prosoma 0.75 long, 0.62 wide. Opisthosoma 0.92 long, 0.66 wide. Clypeus 0.10 high. Leg measurements: I 4.39 (1.21, 0.24, 1.20, 1.03, 0.71); II 3.42 (0.90, 0.22, 0.89, 0.77, 0.64); III 2.84 (0.83, 0.22, 0.71, 0.70, 0.38); IV 4.05 (1.15, 0.24, 1.09, 0.93, 0.64). Habitus as in Fig.
Female (paratype). Similar to male in color and general features, habitus as in Fig.
The specific name refers to the type locality and is a noun in apposition.
Litter layers in mixed forest.
South Korea (Jeollanam-do; Fig.
Holotype. Male (
Falcileptoneta naejangsan sp. nov. is similar to F. naejangensis Seo, 2015 and F. sunchangensis Seo, 2016 but can be distinguished by the shape of the two palpal tibial retrolaterodistal apophyses, with the dorsal apophysis beak-like and the ventral apophysis spine-like (Fig.
Male (holotype). Total length 1.68. Prosoma 0.69 long, 0.58 wide. Opisthosoma 0.99 long, 0.58 wide. Clypeus 0.10 high. Leg measurements: I 4.43 (1.15, 0.32, 1.22, 1.03, 0.71); II 3.41 (0.90, 0.26, 0.90, 0.77, 0.58); III 2.76 (0.83, 0.26, 0.65, 0.64, 0.38); IV 3.97 (1.15, 0.26, 1.15, 0.83, 0.58). Habitus as in Fig.
Female (paratype). Similar to male in color and general features, habitus as in Fig.
The specific name refers to the type locality and is a noun in apposition.
Litter layers in mixed forest.
South Korea (Jeollabuk-do; Fig.
Longileptoneta Seo, 2015a: 306
Longileptoneta songniensis Seo, 2015 from South Korea.
The genus Longileptoneta is similar to Falcileptoneta and Leptoneta in having few sclerites on the bulb and absenting cribellum but can be distinguished by the following combination of male palpal characters: femur with many strong spines (Figs
Holotype. Male (
Longileptoneta buyongsan sp. nov. is similar to L. gayaensis Seo, 2016 and L. songniensis Seo, 2015 but can be distinguished by the palpal tibia with one small retrolaterodistal apophysis (Fig.
Male (holotype). Total length 1.86. Prosoma 0.82 long, 0.76 wide. Opisthosoma 1.04 long, 0.74 wide. Clypeus 0.11 high. Leg measurements: I 5.56 (1.60, 0.30, 1.67, 1.28, 0.71); II 4.50 (1.28, 0.26, 1.29, 1.03, 0.64); III 3.56 (1.03, 0.19, 0.89, 0.83, 0.62); IV 4.96 (1.41, 0.24, 1.47, 1.15, 0.69). Habitus as in Fig.
Female (one of the paratypes). Similar to male in color and general features, habitus as in Fig.
The specific name refers to the type locality and is a noun in apposition.
Litter layers in mixed forest.
South Korea (Chungcheongbuk-do; Fig.
Holotype. Male (
Longileptoneta byeonsanbando sp. nov. is similar to L. gayaensis Seo, 2016 and L. jangseongensis Seo, 2016 but can be distinguished by the palpal tibia with one distal columnar apophysis, with apophysis tip armed with one long spine retrolaterally (Figs
Male (holotype). Total length 2.39. Prosoma 0.98 long, 0.86 wide. Opisthosoma 1.41 long, 0.90 wide. Clypeus 0.13 high. Leg measurements: I 6.81 (1.79, 0.33, 1.99, 1.67, 1.03); II 5.51 (1.56, 0.32, 1.54, 1.26, 0.83); III 4.43 (1.29, 0.26, 1.15, 1.02, 0.71); IV 6.15 (1.67, 0.32, 1.78, 1.47, 0.91). Habitus as in Fig.
Female (one of the paratypes). Similar to male in color and general features, habitus as in Fig.
The specific name refers to the type locality and is a noun in apposition.
Litter layers in mixed forest.
South Korea (Jeollabuk-do; Fig.
Holotype. Male (
Longileptoneta jirisan sp. nov. is similar to L. gachangensis Seo, 2016 and L. weolakensis Seo, 2016 but can be distinguished by the palpal tibia with one retrolaterodistal spur (Fig.
Male (holotype). Total length 1.85. Prosoma 0.78 long, 0.72 wide. Opisthosoma 1.07 long, 0.76 wide. Clypeus 0.10 high. Leg measurements: I 5.52 (1.60, 0.27, 1.67, 1.35, 0.63); II 4.50 (1.35, 0.25, 1.28, 1.03, 0.59); III 3.68 (1.04, 0.19, 0.96, 0.91, 0.58); IV 5.04 (1.47, 0.26, 1.53, 1.16, 0.62). Habitus as in Fig.
Female (paratype). Similar to male in color and general features, habitus as in Fig.
The specific name refers to the type locality and is a noun in apposition.
Litter layers in mixed forest.
The manuscript benefitted greatly from comments by Dimitar Dimitrov, Robert Kallal, and Sarah Crews. Danni Sherwood checked the English. This work was supported by grants from the National Institute of Biological Resources (