Holotype : ♂, China: Shaanxi Province, Taibaishan Nature Reserve (33°53'N, 107°48'E), 2100 m, 15 August 2016, leg. Ji-Shen Wang. Paratypes: 2♂5♀, same data as for holotype; 6♂10♀, Zhouzhi County, Qinlingliang (33°49'N, 107°45'E), 2050 m, 24 July 2019, leg. Kai Gao; 12♂18♀, Foping Nature Reserve (33°41'N, 107°52'E), 2200 m, 26 July 2019, leg. Kai Gao; 5♂4♀, Ningshan County, Pingheliang (33°28'N, 108°29'E), 2200 m, 5 July 2019, leg. Xin Tong and Peng-Yang Wang; 3♂, Yangxian County, Changqing Nature Reserve (33°42'N, 107°32'E), 2400 m, 18 July 2019, leg. Yu-Chen Zheng.

The specific epithet refers to the type locality, Qinling Mountains.

The new species resembles C. emarginata (Cheng, 1949) in appearance, but can be readily distinguished from the latter by the following characters: 1) wing markings greatly reduced with a faint pterostigmal band (cf. with conspicuous pterostigmal band and apical band); 2) hypovalve longer, reaching the apex of the gonocoxite (cf. shorter, not reaching apex of gonocoxite); 3) paramere shorter, reaching the middle of the gonostylus (cf. longer, reaching apex of gonostylus); 4) gonostylus with an extremely developed basal process (cf. poorly developed).

(Fig. 2A). Head (Fig. 2C, D). Frons, vertex and occiput brownish black. Rostrum brownish frontally, sparsely covered with short black setae. Maxillary and labial palpi brownish and darkening towards apex. Antennae black and filiform with 38–42 flagellomeres.

Figure 2. 

Adults of Cerapanorpa qinlingensis sp. nov. A male habitus, dorsal view B female habitus, dorsal view C male head, frontal view D male dorsum of head and thorax E Male abdomen, lateral view. Abbreviations: ah anal horn; ms mesonotum; mt metanotum; no notal organ; pno postnotal organ; pr pronotum. Scale bars: 5 mm (A, B); 0.5 mm (C–E).

Thorax (Fig. 2A, D). Pronotum blackish brown, with 8–12 short setae along its anterior margin. Meso- and metanotum black (Fig. 2D). Pleura light grayish yellow. Legs grayish yellow, with distal tarsomere blackish. Forewing length 13.6–14.4 mm, width 3.4–3.7 mm. Wing membrane hyaline and almost without marking, only with significantly degenerated brown pterostigmal band (Fig. 2A). Hindwing length 12.5–13.6 mm, width 3.2–3.5 mm. Hindwing similar to forewing in markings and patterns.

Abdomen (Figs 2E, 4A). T2–T5 blackish, pleura ivory. Notal organ of T3 very short, not prominent. Postnotal organ of T4 small, hook-shaped and projecting forward. A6 uniformly brownish black, with a brown finger-like anal horn on posterior margin of tergite. A7–A8 elongate and yellowish brown, slightly constricted at base, gradually wider toward apices. A7 with a narrow groove at base.

Male genitalia (Fig. 3A, B). Genital bulb yellowish and long oval. Epandrium long and broad, with a nearly trapezoidal emargination distally. Paired hypovalves slender, reaching apex of gonocoxite, bearing a column of long bristles along inner margin. Gonocoxite with a small concave area on apical inner margin, bearing two small protuberances on ventral submedian margin. Gonostylus medially curved, with an indistinct median tooth and an extremely developed basal process on inner margin, and bearing a bundle of short setae dorsally on basal process (Fig. 3C). Parameres extending well beyond base of gonostylus (Fig. 3A), curved distally and pointed apically, bearing a row of dense spines along inner margin (Fig. 3G). Aedeagus sclerotized; dorsal valves of aedeagus long, curved ventrally, with distal part pediform; ventral valves short, membranous; lateral process not prominent (Fig. 3D, F).

Figure 3. 

Genitalia of Cerapanorpa qinlingensis sp. nov. A, B genital bulb, ventral and dorsal views C gonostylus, dorsal view D, F aedeagus, ventral and lateral views E terminalia, ventral view G right paramere, ventral view H, I medigynium, ventral and dorsal views. Abbreviations: ax axis; bp basal process; ce cercus; dbp dorsal basal plate; dp dorsal process; dv dorsal valve; ep epandrium; gcx gonocoxite; gs gonostylus; hv hypovalve; lp lateral process; mp main plate; mt median tooth; pa posterior arm; pm paramere; sgp subgenital plate; vbp ventral basal plate; vv ventral valve. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B, E); 0.2 mm (C, D, F–I).

Similar to the male in wing markings (Figs 2B, 4B). Forewing length 14.3–15.4 mm, width 3.5–3.9 mm; hindwing length 13.8–15.0 mm, width 3.3–3.7 mm, similar to forewings (Fig. 2B).

Female genitalia (Fig. 3E, H, I). Subgenital plate ligulate, not emarginate terminally, bearing long setae on distal portion (Fig. 3E). Medigynium sclerotized, main plate twice as long as wide, intensely constricted medially. Paired posterior arms narrowing apically, forming a broad U-shaped emargination (Fig. 3H, I). Ventral basal plates translucent, covering two-thirds of the main plate (Fig. 3H). Paired dorsal basal plates reniform and membranous (Fig. 3I). Anterior end of axis bifurcated, extending beyond main plate for half its length (Fig. 3H, I).

China (Qingling, Shaanxi Province).

In the type locality, Taibaishan Nature Reserve, all specimens were captured on the southern slope of the Taibai Mountain, with an elevation of 2100 m. The species mainly inhabits dense herbaceous and shrubby vegetation under evergreen broad-leaved forests (Fig. 4C).

Figure 4. 

Adult habitus and habitat of Cerapanorpa qinlingensis sp. nov. A male, lateral view B female, lateral view C habitat in the southern slope of Mount Taibai.

Holotype : ♂, China: Sichuan Province, Jiuzhaigou County, Anle Town (33°22'N, 104°14'E), 2400 m, 16 June 2019, leg. Kai Gao and Zhi-Chao Jia. Paratypes: 27♂34♀, same data as for holotype; 1♂1♀, Jiuzhaigou County, Majia Town (33°08'N, 104°05'E), 2100 m, 28 May 2019, leg. Kai Gao and Zhi-Chao Jia; 1♀, Jiuzhaigou County, Zhangzha Town (33°16'N, 103°54'E), 2160 m, 19 July 2019, leg. Ning Li and Lu Liu; 18♂22♀, Gansu Province, Wenxian County, Gaoloushan (33°04'N, 104°42'E), 2200 m, 17 June 2019, leg. Kai Gao and Zhi-Chao Jia.

The specific epithet refers to the type locality, Minshan Mountains.

The new species can be readily distinguished from its congeners by the following combination of features: 1) paramere short and bifurcated, bearing a column of long golden spines along the dorsal side; 2) gonocoxite bearing a cluster of black long bristles on the inner apex; 3) dorsal valves of the aedeagus curved ventrally, with the distal part heel-shaped; 4) main plate of medigynium flat, intensely narrowed at the base and broadened distally.

(Fig. 5A). Head. Frons, vertex and occiput entirely black (Fig. 5C, D). Compound eyes dark gray. Rostrum brownish black anteriorly, mandibles, labial and maxillary palps dark-brown (Fig. 5C). Antennae filiform and black, with 38–43 flagellomeres.

Figure 5. 

Adults of Cerapanorpa minshana sp. nov. A male habitus, dorsal view B female habitus, dorsal view C male head, frontal view D male dorsum of head and thorax E male abdomen, lateral view. Abbreviations: ah anal horn; ms mesonotum; mt metanotum; no notal organ; pno postnotal organ; pr pronotum. Scale bars: 5 mm (A, B); 0.5 mm (C–E).

Thorax (Fig. 5D). Pronotum black, with 10–14 black setae along anterior margin. Meso- and metanotum entirely black. Pleura and legs pale yellow with a pair of apical spurs; tarsi darkened toward apices. Forewing length 12.0–12.5 mm, width 3.1–3.3 mm. Wing membrane hyaline, pterostigma and apical band poorly developed, only with dark gray trace at apical region (Figs 5A, 7A). Hindwing length 11.8–12.2 mm, width 2.8–3.2 mm, similar to forewings (Fig. 5A).

Abdomen (Fig. 5A, E). T1–T5 brownish black, pleura pale. Notal organ of T3 semicircular, not prominent. Postnotal organ of T4 small, barb-shaped and projecting forward. T6 brownish black, bearing a yellow finger-like anal horn posteriorly (Fig. 5E). A7 and A8 elongate and uniformly yellowish brown, with basal half slightly constricted and slightly thickened apically.

Male genitalia (Fig. 6A, B). Genital bulb globular and yellowish brown. Epandrium broad basally, narrowing gradually toward apex, with a deep U-shaped emargination between two stout setose lobes (Fig. 6B). Paired hypovalves parallel, only reaching three-quarters of gonocoxite, bearing long bristles along inner margins. Gonocoxite bearing a cluster of black bristles on inner apex (Fig. 6A). Gonostylus shorter than gonocoxite, medially curved, bearing an indistinct middle tooth and a large basal process. Parameres bifurcated and short, not extending beyond the apex of gonocoxite, bearing a column of long golden spines along dorsal side (Fig. 6C, E). Dorsal valves of aedeagus curved ventrally, with distal part heel-shaped (Fig. 6F); ventral valves membranous, weakly developed; lateral process long and curved ventrally.

Figure 6. 

Genitalia of Cerapanorpa minshana sp. nov. A, B genital bulb, ventral and dorsal views C aedeagal complex, ventral view D terminalia, ventral view E left paramere, lateral view F Aedeagus, lateral view G, H medigynium, ventral and dorsal views. Abbreviations: ae aedeagus; ax axis; ce cercus; dbp dorsal basal plate; dp dorsal process; dv dorsal valve; ep epandrium; gcx gonocoxite; gs gonostylus; hv hypovalve; lp lateral process; mp main plate; pa posterior arm; pm paramere; sgp subgenital plate; vbp ventral basal plate; vv ventral valve. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B); 0.2 mm (C–H).

Similar to males in coloration and patterns (Figs 5B, 7B). Forewing length 12.7–13.4 mm, width 3.3–3.7 mm; Hindwing length 12.1–12.5 mm, width 3.1–3.5 mm, similar to forewing (Fig. 5B).

Female genitalia. Subgenital plate long elliptical, ending with a V-shaped incision, bearing long setae on distal portion (Fig. 6D). Medigynium small and weakly sclerotized; main plate flat, intensely narrowed basally, broadened distally (Fig. 6H). Paired posterior arms tapering apically, forming a nearly quadrate emargination. Ventral basal plates membranous and translucent, covering approximately three-quarters of main plate (Fig. 6G). Paired dorsal basal plates oblong, weakly sclerotized (Fig. 6H). Axis elongated and bifurcated anteriorly, extending beyond main plate by nearly half its length (Fig. 6G, H).

China (Minshan, Sichuan and Gansu provinces).

In the type locality, all specimens were captured on herbaceous groundcover in the Panjiagou Valley (Fig. 7C), with an elevation of 2400 m. Suitable microhabitats in the valley are moist and cool during the imaginal flight period, with the temperature ranging approximately from 14 to 20°C during the day.

Figure 7. 

Adult habitus and habitat of Cerapanorpa minshana sp. nov. A male, dorsal view B female, dorso-lateral view C habitat of the type locality, Anle Town, Jiuzhaigou County, Sichuan Province, China.