Taiwanoshaira tsoui Lee & Beenen, sp. nov.

Coloration (Figs 3, 6): dark brown or blackish-brown; margins of pronotum and elytra, including suture, yellowish-brown in T. tsoui sp. nov.; legs yellowish-brown, but apices of femora and bases of tibiae blackish-brown in T. chujoi comb.nov. and T. tsoui sp. nov. Body length 4.0–5.7 mm.

Head. Labrum trapezoidal, transverse, with about ten pairs of pores in a transverse row bearing pale, short or long setae, anterior margin medially depressed. Anterior part of head short, almost impunctate and glabrous, lined with setae along anterofrontal ridge. Compound eyes small, interantennal space 3.1–3.6× as wide as diameter of antennal insertion. Frontal tubercles transverse, subtriangular, slightly elevated, glabrous. Vertex smooth and glabrous. Antennae filiform, covered with dense setae, antennomere II subequal or a slightly shorter than III; similar in both sexes.

Pronotum 1.61–1.68 times as broad as long, lateral margins slightly rounded, basally narrowed. Disc smooth, with dense, fine punctures bearing tiny setae in T. taipingshanensis sp. nov. and T. chujoi comb. nov.; setae reduced in T. tsoui sp. nov. Anterior, lateral and posterior margins with marginal bead, without setae along margin. Anterior and posterior angles moderately swollen, rectangular; all angles with setigerous pores bearing long pale setae. Two pairs of longitudinal furrows starting from base, one pair deeper and shorter near middle, the other pair longer but shallow near sides. Scutellum subtriangular, impunctate, glabrous, with rounded apex.

Elytra ca 1.10–1.26 times as long as wide, almost glabrous, lateral margins rounded, apically tapering in males of T. chujoi comb. nov. and T. tsoui sp. nov., or both sexes of T. taipingshanensis sp. nov. Humeral calli reduced. Epipleura broad at base (Fig. 2D), gradually narrowed from base to basal 1/3, strongly narrowed at basal 1/3, abbreviated at apical 1/3. Disc with dense, confused punctures in T. chujoi comb. nov. (Fig. 3A, C–D, F) and T. tsoui sp. nov. (Fig. 6D, F), or with longitudinal impunctate ridges in T. taipingshanensis sp. nov. (Fig. 6A, C). Wingless, hindwings absent.

Ventral surface glabrous except abdomen, which is covered with pale setae. Anterior coxal cavities widely open (Fig. 2B) in T. chujoi comb. nov. and T. tsoui sp. nov., or almost closed (Fig. 2A) in T. taipingshanensis sp. nov. Prosternal process wide between procoxae. Abdomen simple, posterior margin of last ventrite (V) with median lobe in males (Fig. 2C); base extending anteriorly and almost reaching base of ventrite IV, median ridges present from base to apex of ventrite IV.

Figure 2. 

Generic characters for Taiwanoshaira. A prothorax, ventral view, T. taipingshanensis sp. nov. B prothorax, ventral view, T. tsoui sp. nov. C last two abdominal ventrites, dorsal view, male, T. tsoui sp. nov. D elytron, ventral view, T. tsoui sp. nov.

Legs slender. Tibiae lacking apical spines. Protarsomeres I slightly swollen in males of T. taipingshanensis sp. nov., but unmodified in either sex of T. chujoi sp. nov. and T. tsoui sp. nov. Metatarsomeres I a little longer than pro- and mesotarsomeres I, subequal to II and III combined. Claws appendiculate.

Penis (Figs 4C–D, 7C–G, 8C–L) slender, apex rounded; tectum broad, apical margin truncate; strongly curved in lateral view; internal sac with one longitudinal sclerite and one pair of small sclerites at sides near base of longitudinal sclerite.

Gonocoxae (Figs 4E–F, 7H–I, 8M–N) wide, tightly conjunct from base to middle; each gonocoxa wide, with four to 13 setae from near apex to apical 1/6, apex truncate or widely rounded; base irregular in T. taipingshanensis sp. nov. or narrowed in basal 1/3 in T. chujoi comb. nov. and T. tsoui sp. nov. Ventrite VIII (Figs 4G, 7J–K, 8O–P) well sclerotized, with several short setae at apex, spiculum elongate. Spermathecal receptaculum (Figs 4H, 7L, 8Q) strongly swollen; pump slender and curved; sclerotized spermathecal duct short.

Adults of Taiwanoshaira gen. nov. lack metathoracic wings, but elytra present, which completely cover the abdomen. Furthermore, the morphology of the elytra differs from that of Shaira. In Shaira the elytra possess an elongate ridge from the humeral area to the apex, dividing the elytra into a horizontal part and a lateral inclined part. The narrow epipleura are situated below this vertically inclined part of the elytra. In Taiwanoshaira gen. nov. the elytra possess a margin that separates the horizontal elytral surface from the epipleura, which are inclined.

The genus Shaira was proposed by Maulik (1936) for brachelytrous Galerucinae with appendiculate claws and slender antennae. Beenen (2013) argued that Shaira should be classified in Luperini. Kimoto (1982) described S. chujoi from Taiwan and compared it with S. maculata Maulik, 1936 from Manipur (India). Shaira chujoi somewhat resembles this species, but differs in having the body shorter and more oval, pronotum transverse and with different coloration. In fact, S. chujoi should not have been included in the Shaira, because it differs in possessing entire elytra but the ridge is absent. We transfer it to the new genus Taiwanoshaira.

Taiwanoshaira gen. nov. is likely not closely related to Shaira, although also included in Luperini. It is unique and, although apterous, likely to be more closely related to the genus Sikkimia Duvivier, 1891 with all bordered pronotal margins, two pairs of longitudinal furrows starting from base, one pair deeper and shorter near middle, the other pair longer but shallow near sides. This new genus is easily separated from Sikkimia with the open procoxal cavities and uniform antennae in both sexes (the closed procoxal cavities and modified antennomeres X and XI in males of Sikkimia).

The new genus name combines “Taiwan” and “Shaira” to indicate that this is a new genus endemic to Taiwan that is similar to Shaira. The gender is feminine.

Taiwanoshaira chujoi (Kimoto), comb. nov., T. taipingshanensis sp. nov., and T. tsoui sp. nov.

Holotype ♂ (KUEC): “Tapan [達邦] / Taiwan / 16. V. 1974 / S. TAKEDA [p, y] // Shaira / chujoi / Kimoto, n. sp. [h, w] // HOLOTYPE [p, r] // PHOTO [p, r] // 九大 [h, w, abbreviation for Kyushu University]”. Paratypes: 1♂ (KMNH) (Fig. 3A, B): “(Taiwan) / Alishan (阿里山), 2300m / Chiayi Hsien [p, w] // 6.VI.1965 / T. Nakane [p, w] // Shaira / chujoi / Kimoto, n. sp. [h, w] // PARATYPE [p, b] // Japan-U. S. / Co-op. Sci. / Programme [p, y]”; 1♀ (KMNH) (Fig. 3C): “TAPAN [達邦] / TAIWAN / 16. V. 1974 / S. TAKEDA [p, y] // Shaira / chujoi / Kimoto, n. sp. [h, w] // PARATOPOTYPE [p, b]”.

Figure 3. 

Habitus of Taiwanoshaira chujoi comb. nov. A male, paratype, from Alishan (阿里山), dorsal view B same, ventral view C female, paratype, from Tapan (達邦), dorsal view D male, from Bilu Divine Tree (碧綠神木), dorsal view E same, ventral view F female, from Bilu Divine Tree (碧綠神木), dorsal view.

(N = 68). Hualien: 1♀ (TARI), Bilu Divine Tree (碧綠神木), 10–11.X.2013, leg. K. Takahashi; 5♂♂, 4♀♀ (NMNS), same locality, 1.VI.-28.VII.2011; 2♂♂ (TARI), same locality (= Pilu), 13.VI.2014, leg. C.-F. Lee; 1♀ (TARI), same but with “leg T.-H. Lee”; 6♂♂, 12♀♀ (TARI), same locality, 30.VII.2014, leg. C.-F. Lee; 1♂ (TARI), same but with “leg. T.-H. Lee”; 8♂♂, 9♀♀ (TARI), same locality, 7.VII.2015, leg. C.-F. Lee; 4♂♂, 3♀♀ (TARI), Chian (吉安), 18.VI.2015, leg. T.-H. Lee; 1♂ (TARI), Kalapao (卡拉寶), 15–17.VII.2019, leg. B.-H. Ho; 4♂♂, 3♀♀ (3♂♂, 1♀TARI; 1♂, 2♀♀: RBCN), Kuanyuan (關原), 25.VIII.2014, leg. F.-S. Huang; 2♂♂, 1♀ (1♂, 1♀: TARI; 1♂: RBCN), Pilu (畢祿), 8.VIII.2014, leg. M.-H. Tsou; Nantou: 1♂ (NMNS), Meifeng (梅峰), 8.VII.-5.VIII.2003, leg. C. S. Lin & W. T. Yang; 1♂ (NMNS), Yuanfeng (鳶峰), 13.VIII.-10.IX.2002, leg. C. S. Lin & W. T. Yang; 1♂ Taitung: 1♂ (TARI), Liyuan (栗園), 5.X.2010, leg. T.-H. Lee.

Length 4.1–5.0 mm, width 2.5–3.3 mm. General color dark brown or blackish-brown (Fig. 3); each antennomere paler at base; legs yellowish-brown, but apices of femora and bases of tibiae blackish-brown. Antennae (Fig. 4A) filiform in males, ratios of lengths of antennomeres I to XI 1.0 : 0.5 : 0.6 : 0.6 : 0.6 : 0.6 : 0.6 : 0.6 : 0.6 : 0.7 : 0.9; ratios of length to width from antennomeres I to XI 3.3 : 2.3 : 2.5 : 2.7 : 2.7 : 2.9 : 2.9 : 3.0 : 2.9 : 3.1 : 3.6; similar in females, ratios of lengths of antennomeres I to XI (Fig. 4B) 1.0 : 0.5 : 0.6 : 0.7 : 0.6 : 0.6 : 0.6 : 0.6 : 0.6 : 0.6 : 0.8; ratios of length to width from antennomeres I to XI 3.2 : 2.2 : 2.7 : 2.9 : 3.2 : 3.1 : 3.0 : 2.8 : 3.0 : 3.0 : 3.6. Procoxal cavities widely open. Elytra 1.10–1.20 times longer than wide; disc with dense, confused, coarse punctures and longitudinal smooth patches; apices tapering in males but widely rounded in females. Tarsomeres I of front legs not modified in either sex. Penis (Fig. 4C, D) wide, about 6.3 times longer than wide; parallel sided but slightly curved in lateral view, apex narrowly rounded, base slightly sinuate; tectum broad from apical 1/10 to middle, apex truncate; ventral surface with large opening. Endophallic spiculae complex with median endophallic spiculae slender, apically bifurcate, and straight in lateral view, with one pair of small sclerites near basal third. Gonocoxae (Fig. 4E, F) short; apex of each gonocoxa widely rounded, with five to 13 long setae along apical margin, strongly narrowed in basal 1/3, with extreme wide base. Ventrite VIII (Fig. 4G) short and well sclerotized, with several short setae along apical margin, spiculum short. Spermathecal receptaculum (Fig. 4H) slightly swollen; pump extremely slender and curved; sclerotized spermathecal duct short.

Figure 4. 

Diagnostic characters of Taiwanoshaira chujoi comb. nov. A antenna, male B antenna, female C penis, dorsal view D penis, lateral view E gonocoxae, from Tapan (達邦) F gonocoxae, from Pilu (碧綠) G abdominal ventrite VIII H spermatheca.

Adults of Taiwanoshaira chujoi (Kimoto) comb. nov. are similar to those of T. tsoui sp. nov. based on the following shared characters: elytra smooth and lacking longitudinal ridges (Figs 3A, C–D, 6D, F) (presence of the longitudinal ridges on elytra in T. taipingshanensis sp. nov. (Fig. 6A, C)), widely open procoxal cavities (Fig. 2B) (almost closed procoxal cavities (Fig. 2A) in T. taipingshanensis sp. nov.), yellowish-brown legs with dark apices of femora and bases of tibiae (Figs 3, 6D–F) (entirely black legs in T. taipingshanensis sp. nov. (Fig. 6A–C)), uniform protarsi I in both sexes (sexually dimorphic protarsi I in T. taipingshanensis sp. nov.), tapering elytral apices in only males (Fig. 3) (tapering elytral apices of both sexes (Fig. 6A–C) in T. taipingshanensis sp. nov.). Taiwanoshaira chujoi comb. nov. differs from T. tsoui sp. nov. in possessing black or blackish elytra (Fig. 3) with denser punctures in contrast to the black or blackish-brown elytra with yellowish-brown suture and margin (Fig. 6D–F) and sparser punctures of T. tsoui sp. nov. In addition, most genitalic characters of this species are diagnostic, including the slightly curved penis (Fig. 4C, D) (moderately curved (Fig. 8C, D) in T. tsoui sp. nov.), wider base of gonocoxae (Fig. 4E–F) (narrower base of gonocoxae (Fig. 8M, N) in T. tsoui sp. nov.), and longer, slender spermathecal pump (Fig. 4H) (shorter, wider spermathecal pump (Fig. 8Q) in T. tsoui sp. nov.).

Probably some species of moss, currently unknown (Fig. 1B).

South and central Taiwan (Fig. 5). This species is sympatric with T. tsoui sp. nov. at Meifeng (梅峰).

Figure 5. 

Distribution map of Taiwanoshaira species, solid line: 1000 m, broken line: 2000 m. Blue Dots T. chujoi comb. nov. Red Dots T. tsoui sp. nov. Green Dots T. taipingshanensis sp. nov.

(N = 77). Holotype ♂ (TARI): Taiwan. Ilan: Taipingshan (太平山), 5.VIII.2015, leg. Y.-T. Chung. Paratypes. 5♂♂, 15♀♀ (TARI), same as holotype; 10♂♂, 16♀♀ (TARI), Yuanyanghu (鴛鴦湖), 19.VIII.2010, leg. S.-S. Li; 4♂♂, 5♀♀ (TARI), same locality, 22.VIII.2011, leg. C.-F. Lee; 2♂♂, 8♀♀ (2♀♀: TARI; 2♂♂, 2♀♀: RBCN), same but with “leg. M.-H. Tsou”; 5♂♂, 6♀♀ (TARI), same but with “leg. H. Lee”.

Length 4.0–5.7 mm, width 2.6–3.4 mm. General color dark brown or blackish-brown (Fig. 6A–C). Antenna (Fig. 7A) filiform in males, ratios of lengths of antennomeres I to XI 1.0 : 0.5 : 0.6 : 0.7 : 0.7 : 0.7 : 0.7 : 0.7 : 0.6 : 0.7 : 0.8; ratios of lengths to widths from antennomeres I to XI 3.0 : 2.0 : 2.2 : 3.0 : 3.2 : 3.2 : 3.3 : 3.5 : 3.0 : 3.1 : 3.4; similar in females, ratio of lengths of antennomeres I to XI (Fig. 7B) 1.0 : 0.4 : 0.5 : 0.8 : 0.7 : 0.7 : 0.7 : 0.7 : 0.7 : 0.7 : 0.8; ratios of lengths to widths from antennomeres I to XI 3.4 : 2.3 : 2.3 : 3.9 : 3.7 : 3.7 : 4.0 : 3.7 : 3.4 : 3.5 : 4.2. Pronotum 1.61–1.63 times wider than long; lateral margins slightly rounded; disc with fine punctures bearing tiny setae. Procoxal cavities almost closed. Elytra 1.11–1.20 times longer than wide; disc with dense, coarse punctures and longitudinal ridges not covered with punctures; apices tapering in both sexes. Tarsomeres I of front legs slightly swollen in males, not modified in females. Penis (Fig. 7C–E) wide, about 5.5 times longer than wide; parallel sided and strongly curved in lateral view, apex narrowly rounded, base with shallow median notch; tectum broad from apical 1/6 to middle, apex truncate; ventral surface with large opening. Endophallic spiculae complex (Fig. 7F, G) with median endophallic spiculae slender, apically bifurcate, and straight in lateral view; with one pair of small sclerites near base. Gonocoxae (Fig. 7H, I) short; apex of each gonocoxa widely rounded, with eight to ten long setae along apical margin, basal margin irregular. Ventrite VIII (Fig. 7J, K) short and well sclerotized, with several short setae along apical margin, spiculum long. Spermathecal receptaculum (Fig. 7L) strongly swollen; pump extremely slender and curved; sclerotized spermathecal duct long.

Figure 6. 

Habitus of Taiwanoshaira taipingshanensis sp. nov. and T. tsoui sp. nov. A T. taipingshanensis sp. nov., male, dorsal view B same, ventral view C same, female, dorsal view D T. tsoui sp. nov., male, dorsal view E same, ventral view F same, female, dorsal view.

Female genitalic characters are variable among different localities. The apices of the gonocoxae are widely rounded in specimens from Taipingshan (太平山) (Fig. 7I) but tapering in those from Yuanyanhu (鴛鴦湖) (Fig. 7H). The apex of abdominal ventrite VIII is shorter in specimens from Taipingshan (Fig. 7K) than those from Yuanyanhu (Fig. 7J).

Figure 7. 

Diagnostic characters of Taiwanoshaira taipingshanensis sp. nov. A antenna, male B antenna, female C penis, apex, dorsal view D penis, base, dorsal view E penis, lateral view F endophallic sclerites, dorsal view G ditto, lateral view H gonocoxae, from Yuanyanghu (鴛鴦湖) I same, from Taipingshan (太平山) J abdominal ventrite VIII, from Yuanyanghu (鴛鴦湖) K same, from Taipingshan (太平山) L spermatheca.

Taiwanoshaira taipingshanensis sp. nov. is easily separated from other congeners by the presence of longitudinal ridges on the elytra (Fig. 6A, C) (lacking longitudinal ridges in others (Figs 3A, C–D, F; 6D, F)), almost closed procoxal cavities (Fig. 2A) (widely open procoxal cavities (Fig. 2B) in others), entirely black legs (Fig. 6A–C) (yellowish-brown legs with dark apices of femora and bases of tibiae in others (Figs 3, 6D–F)), sexually dimorphic protarsi I (uniform protarsi I in both sexes of others), tapering elytral apices of both sexes (Fig. 6A–C) (tapering elytra apices in only males of others (Figs 3, 6D–F)). In addition, most genitalic characters of this new species are diagnostic, including the extremely strongly curved penis (Fig. 7C–E) (moderately or slightly curved in others (Figs 4C, D; 8C, D), irregular base of gonocoxae (Fig. 7H, I) (narrowed base of gonocoxae in others (Figs 4E, F; 8M, N)), and long sclerotized spermathecal duct (Fig. 7L) (short sclerotized spermathecal duct in others (Figs 4H, 8Q)).

Mniaceae: Plagiomnium vesicatum (Besch.) T.J. Kop. We observed that adults fed on leaves of host plants (Fig. 1C, D).

This new species is named for its type locality.

Known from two localities in northern Taiwan (Fig. 5). This new species is sympatric with T. tsoui sp. nov.

(N = 54). Holotype ♂ (TARI): Taiwan. Nantou: Hsiaofengkou (小風口), 9.VIII.2012, leg. C.-F. Lee. Paratypes. 14♂♂, 21♀♀ (12♂♂, 19♀♀TARI; 2♂♂, 2♀♀: RBCN), same data as holotype; 7♂♂, 6♀♀ (TARI), same but with “leg. T.-H. Lee”; 2♂♂, 2♀♀ (TARI), same locality, 29.VII.2014, leg. C.-F. Lee; 1♀ (NMNS), same locality, 23.VI.–24.VIII.2009, leg. W. T. Yang & K. W. Huang; 1♂, 3♀♀ (NMNS), same locality, 24.VIII.–24.IX.2009, leg. W. T. Yang & K. W. Huang; Ilan: 2♂♂, 1♀ (TARI), Taipingshan (太平山), 5.VIII.2015, leg. Y.-T. Chung; 1♀ (TARI), Yuanyanghu (鴛鴦湖), 19.VIII.2010, leg. S.-S. Li; Nantou: 1♀ (TARI), Meifeng (梅峰), 11.VI.2014, leg. C.-F. Lee; 1♂ (TARI), same locality, 29.VII.2014, leg. C.-F. Lee; 9♂♂, 2♀♀ (TARI), Peitungyanshan (北東眼山), 3.VII.2014, leg. C.-F. Lee; Taichung: 8♂♂, 4♀♀ (TARI), Tahsuehshan (大雪山), 2.VIII.2019, leg. B.-X. Guo.

Length 4.1–4.8 mm, width 2.5–2.9 mm. General color dark brown or blackish-brown (Fig. 6D–F); each antennomere basally paler; margins of pronotum and elytra, including suture yellowish-brown; legs yellowish-brown but apices of femora and bases of tibiae dark brown. Antennae (Fig. 8A) filiform in males, ratio of lengths of antennomeres I to XI 1.0 : 0.5 : 0.5 : 0.5 : 0.5 : 0.6 : 0.7 : 0.6 : 0.6 : 0.6 : 0.7; ratios of lengths to widths from antennomeres I to XI 3.3 : 2.2 : 2.3 : 2.2 : 2.5 : 2.7 : 3.1 : 2.8 : 2.8 : 2.7 : 3.2; similar in females, ratio of lengths of antennomeres I to XI (Fig. 8B) 1.0 : 0.5 : 0.5 : 0.5 : 0.5 : 0.5 : 0.5 : 0.5 : 0.5 : 0.5 : 0.7; ratios of lengths to widths from antennomeres I to XI 3.2 : 2.1 : 2.0 : 2.4 : 2.5 : 2.7 : 2.6 : 2.4 : 2.4 : 2.4 : 2.7. Pronotum 1.63–1.68 times wider than long; lateral margins moderately rounded; disc with fine punctures bearing tiny setae. Procoxal cavities widely open. Elytra 1.17–1.26 times longer than wide; disc with sparse, confused, fine punctures; apices tapering in males, but widely rounded in females. Protarsomeres I not sexually dimorphic. Penis (Fig. 8C, D) wide, about 5.6 times longer than wide; parallel sided and moderately curved in lateral view, apex narrowly rounded, base with shallow median notch; tectum broad from apical 1/6 to middle, apex truncate; ventral surface with large opening. Endophallic spiculae complex with median endophallic spiculae extremely slender, apically curved in lateral view; with one pair of small sclerites near base. Gonocoxae (Fig. 8M, N) short; apex of each gonocoxa widely rounded, with eight to 11 long setae along apical margin, basally narrowed. Ventrite VIII (Fig. 8O, P) short and well sclerotized, with several short setae along apical margin, spiculum short. Spermathecal receptaculum (Fig. 8Q) swollen; pump slender and curved; sclerotized spermathecal duct short.

Figure 8. 

Diagnostic characters of Taiwanoshaira tsoui sp. nov. A antenna, male B antenna, female C penis, dorsal view D penis, lateral view E endophallic sclerites, from Meifeng (梅峰), dorsal view F ditto, lateral view G same, from Peitungyanshan (北東眼山), dorsal H ditto, lateral view I samel, from Tahsuehshan (大雪山), J ditto, laeral view K same, form Taipingshan (太平山), dorsal L ditto, lateral view M gonocoxae, from Hsiaofengkou (小風口) N same, from Taipingshan (太平山) O abdominal ventrite VIII, from Peitungyanshan (北東眼山) P same, from Taipingshan (太平山) Q spermatheca.

Specimens from Hsiaofengkou (小風口) have paler bodies and shorter antenna than others. The endophallic spiculae complexes are variable among localities: subbases of endophallic spiculae are shorter and wider in specimens from Meifeng (梅峰) (Fig. 8E, F); similar to those from Meifeng but with a median membranous area and straight apex in specimens from Peitungyanshan (北東眼山) (Fig. 8G, H); similar to those in Peitungyangshan, but with bifurcate apices in specimens from Tahsuehshan (大雪山) (Fig. 8I, J); specimens from Taipingshan (太平山) (Fig. 8K, L) possess more slender median endophallic spiculae than those from Hsiaofengkou and shorter more truncate apices. Females from Hsiaofengkou have gradually narrowed bases of the gonocoxae (Fig. 8M) that differ from those with strongly narrowed bases in others (Fig. 8N). Females from Taipingshan have narrower apices of abdominal ventrites VIII (Fig. 8P) than others (Fig. 8O). It raises the question whether such variations of endophallic spiculae complexes at different localities indicate interspecific differentiation since endophallic sclerites are usually very consistent within a species. The problem needs further study by collecting more material from additional localities and combined with molecular study.

Adults of T. tsoui sp. nov. are similar to those of T. chujoi (Kimoto) comb. nov. in sharing the following characters: elytra smooth and lacking longitudinal ridges (Figs 3A, C, D, F; 6D, F) (presence of the longitudinal ridges on elytra (Fig. 6A, C) in T. taipingshanensis sp. nov.), widely open procoxal cavities (Fig. 2B) (almost closed procoxal cavities (Fig. 2A) in T. taipingshanensis sp. nov.), yellowish-brown legs with dark apices of femora and bases of tibiae (Figs 3, 6D–F) (entirely black legs (Fig. 6A–C) in T. taipingshanensis sp. nov.), uniform protarsi I in both sexes (sexually dimorphic protarsi I in T. taipingshanensis sp. nov.), tapering elytra apices only in males (Figs 3, 6D–F) (tapering elytral apices of both sexes (Fig. 6A–C) in T. taipingshanensis sp. nov.). Adults of T. tsoui sp. nov. differ from those of T. chujoi comb. nov. by possessing yellowish-brown sutures and margins with black or blackish-brown elytra having punctures more sparse (Fig. 6D, F), in contrast to black or blackish elytra (Fig. 3A, C) with denser punctures in T. chujoi comb. nov. In addition, most genitalic characters of this species are diagnostic, including moderately curved penis (Fig. 8C, D) (slightly curved (Fig. 4C, D) in T. chujoi comb. nov.), narrower base of gonocoxae (Fig. 8M, N) (wider base of gonocoxae (Fig. 4E, F) in T. chujoi comb. nov.), and shorter spermathecal pump (Fig. 8Q) (much longer pump (Fig. 4H) in T. chujoi comb. nov.).

Probably some species of moss, currently unknown (Fig. 1E, F).

This new species is dedicated to Mei-Hua Tsou, a member of TCRT and the first to collect this new species.

Northern and central Taiwan (Fig. 5). It is sympatric with T. taipingshanensis sp. nov. at Yuanyanahu (鴛鴦湖) and Taipingshan (太平山), and with T. chujoi comb. nov. at Meifeng (梅峰).