Research Article |
Corresponding author: Dragomir Dimitrov ( dimitrov@nmnhs.com ) Academic editor: Pedro Cardoso
© 2020 Dragomir Dimitrov.
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Citation:
Dimitrov D (2020) Description of a new Tegenaria Latreille, 1804 from southern Turkey with remarks on the Tegenaria ariadnae species-complex (Arachnida, Araneae). ZooKeys 935: 47-55. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.935.52089
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A new cave-dwelling species of Tegenaria, T. lazarovi sp. nov., is described from southern Turkey, based on both sexes. The new species belongs to the T. ariadnae species-complex which is distributed in the Eastern Mediterranean (Crete, northern Libya). The new species is compared to its morphologically closest congeners. New taxonomically relevant pictures are given for two of them. The distribution of the Tegenaria ariadnae species-complex is summarized and discussed.
Cave fauna, endemic, funnel weaver spiders, new species, taxonomy
With 112 valid species (
While processing unidentified material collected in 2006 by my colleagues Stoyan Lazarov and Pavel Stoev in Turkish caves, I discovered an unknown Tegenaria species captured in an unnamed cave situated between Anamur and Silifke, southern Turkey. The species is described below and its possible relationships, as well as the distribution of the T. ariadnae species-complex, are discussed.
The material was preserved in vials with 80% ethanol in the field. The specimens were examined and measured using a Wild M5A stereomicroscope; all measurements are in mm. Pictures were taken with a Canon EOS 1100D digital camera attached to a Carl Zeiss Amplival microscope. The drawings were executed on a Wacom tablet and using Adobe Illustrator graphic design software. The map was generated with the SimpleMappr API. Colour was described from specimens preserved in ethanol. The male palp and epigyne were dissected in order to be studied and illustrated. The epigyne was cleared in lactic acid. Leg measurements formula: total length (coxa + trochanter, femur, patella, tibia, metatarsus, tarsus). Tarsus length includes claws.
Abbreviations: Morphology. ALE – anterior lateral eyes, AME – anterior median eyes, C – conductor, CO – copulatory openings, DBTA – dorsal branch of the tibial apophysis, DPC – dorsal part of terminal end of the conductor, LBTA – lateral branch of the tibial apophysis, MA – median apophysis, MPE – median plate of epigyne, PLE – posterior lateral eyes, PME – posterior median eyes, R – receptacles, VPC – ventral part of terminal end of the conductor.
Institutions.
♂ holotype, 2 ♀ paratypes, Turkey, Silifke distr., Karatepe village, unnamed cave on the left side of the road Anamur-Silifke, Akçalı Dağları Mts. 36; 36°10'55"N, 33°26'41"E, altitude 182 m, wet sand; 16.07.2006; P. Stoev and S. Lazarov leg. (
3 ♀ juveniles, the same data as holotype (
Tegenaria vallei Brignoli, 1972. ♂ holotype, Libya, Cyrenaica, Lete Cave, Benghasi, 06.04.1966, Valle and Bianchi leg., 1 ♂ paratype, the same locality as holotype, 31.12.1967, Valle leg. (
The species is dedicated to my colleague, Bulgarian arachnologist Stoyan Lazarov who provided me with the type material. He was chosen over Pavel Stoev by tossing a coin.
The new species fits well in the genus Tegenaria as defined by Bolzern, Burckhardt and Hänggi (2013) according to its straight trochanters, the absence of dorsal spines on the patellae and the shape of the conductor. It appears closest to Tegenaria ariadnae Brignoli, 1984. The males can be separated by the following characters:(1) The DBTA of Tegenaria lazarovi sp. nov. is claw-shaped, with a sharp tip (Figs
Male. Measurements. Total length (including spinnerets) 7.66; carapace length 3.23, width 2.50; chelicerae length 1.43; clypaeus height 0.22; eye diameters AME 0.075, ALE 0.090, PME 0.090, PLE 0.090; AE separated from each other by 0.020, ALE almost touching PLE, PME separated from each other by 0.14 and from PLE by 0.080; abdomen length 4.43 (including spinnerets), width 2.05; Leg measurements I 20.71 (1.65, 5.55, 1.13, 4.80, 4.80, 2.40), II 16.96 (1.50, 4.13, 1.25, 3.75, 4.15, 2.18), III 15.79 (1.45, 3.75, 1.13, 3.45, 3.90, 2.10); IV 22.55 (1.58, 4.88, 1.13, 4.60, 5.40, 2.48). Leg spination typical for the genus. Coloration (Fig.
Female. Measurements. Total length (including spinnerets) 8.30; carapace length 3.80, width 2.50; chelicerae length 0.88; clypaeus height 0.29; eye diameters and arrangement as in male; abdomen length 4.50 (including spinnerets) width 2.25; Leg measurements I 19.14 (1.58, 4.50, 1.13, 5.63, 4.50, 1.80), II 16.71 (1.58, 4.05, 1.13, 3.90, 3.90, 2.15), III 15.41 (1.50, 3.60, 1.13, 3.38, 3.90, 1.90); IV 22.81 (1.73, 4.80, 1.13, 4.65, 5.25, 2.25). Leg spination typical for the genus. Female palpal tibia with 2 dorsal and 2 prolateral spines. Coloration (Fig.
Known only from the type locality in southern Turkey.
Two Tegenaria species known from Crete, namely Tegenaria pieperi Brignoli, 1979 and Tegenaria schmalfussi Brignoli,1976 are also similar to T. ariadnae and T. lazarovi sp. nov. Tegenaria pieperi Brignoli, 1979 is known only by the female which differs from T. lazarovi sp. nov. by the rectangular MPE and the smaller and much higher positioned receptacles (Fig.
I thank my colleagues Stoyan Lazarov and Pavel Stoev (
This study was partially supported by the Bulgarian Ministry of Education and Science under the National Research Program “Young scientists and postdoctoral students” approved by DCM # 577/17.08.2018, and by the projects “Cybertaxonomic approach to phylogenetic studies of model invertebrate genera (Invertebrata, Arachnida, Insecta), clarifying the problems of origin, formation and conservation of the invertebrate fauna of the Balkan Peninsula” (National Science Fund, Ministry of Education, Youth and Science of the Republic of Bulgaria, Grant KP-06-H21/1-17.12.2018).