Research Article |
Corresponding author: Hideto Hoshina ( hhoshina@f-edu.u-fukui.ac.jp ) Academic editor: Borislav Guéorguiev
© 2020 Hideto Hoshina.
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Citation:
Hoshina H (2020) Discovery of a new species of the genus Triarthron Märkel, 1840 (Coleoptera, Leiodidae) with a key to Japanese species of the tribe Sogdini. ZooKeys 938: 87-95. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.938.51614
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In the genus Triarthron (Coleoptera, Leiodidae, Leiodinae), only two species are known to occur in Palearctic and Nearctic regions. In this paper, a new species in Japan, Triarthron itoi Hoshina, sp. nov., is described. This brings the number of species in the genus to three. A key to the Japanese species of the tribe Sogdini is given.
Japan, Leiodinae, round fungus beetles, taxonomy, Triarthron itoi sp. nov., Triarthron maerkelii
The genus Triarthron belongs to the tribe Sogdini of the subfamily Leiodinae in the family Leiodidae (
Later,
In the Nearctic region,
In Japan, five species in four genera of the tribe Sogdini have been recorded: Triarthron, Hydnobius Schmidt, 1841; Hinomoto Hoshina, 2002; and Sogda Lopatin, 1961 (
All specimens used in this study were deposited in the following collections:
The methods are the same as those described in
1 | Pronotum almost as long as wide | 2 |
– | Pronotum clearly wider than long (Fig. |
3 |
2 | Median lobe of the aedeagus is relatively slender and weakly curved in lateral view | Hinomoto nihonensis Hoshina |
– | Median lobe of the aedeagus is relatively thick and almost straight in lateral view | Hinomoto bungensis Hoshina |
3 | Antennae forming a club on antennomeres 9–11 (Fig. |
4 |
– | Antennae forming a club on antennomeres 7–11 | 5 |
4 | Body length 4.8 mm; mesofemur with relatively large teeth at dorsal lamina of posterior margin (Fig. |
Triarthron itoi Hoshina, sp. nov. |
– | Body length 2.5–3.8 mm; mesofemur with teeth less-visible because of being hidden by ventral side of mesofemur (Fig. |
Triarthron maerkelii Märkel. |
5 | Body cylindrical in general; apex of right mandible bidentate | Hydnobius akitsuensis Hoshina |
– | Body long oval in general; apices of both mandibles simply pointed | Sogda hadai Hoshina |
Japan, Honshu: Nara Prefecture, Nara City, Nara Park, 34°41'4"N, 135°50'36"E (DMS).
Holotype
, ♂ (
Triarthron maerkelii Märkel, 1840. 3 ♂♂, 1 ♀ (
Body length about 5 mm. Dorsum is almost concolorous, brown. Both mandibles were sharply curved inwardly at about apical 1/4. Mesofemur bearing five small teeth at dorsal lamina of posterior margin. Metafemur strongly expanded anteriorly at about half of the antero-apical margin and bearing a relatively long tooth and two tiny teeth at the dorsal lamina of the posterior margin. The median lobe of aedeagus weakly curved at lateral margins in dorsal view.
Measurement of holotype . Body 4.8 mm in length; head 1.1 mm in length (from the front margin of the clypeus to base) and 1.3 mm in width; pronotum 1.2 mm in length and 2.0 mm in width; elytra 2.8 mm in length and 2.2 mm in width.
Coloration.
Dorsum shining and almost concolorous, brown (Fig.
Body approximately 2.2 times as long as wide.
Head
almost smooth, minutely, and densely punctate (Fig.
Pronotum
almost smooth and glabrous, widest at about basal 2/5 of lateral margins, minutely and densely punctate as head (Fig.
Scutellum
almost smooth and distinctly punctate (Fig.
Elytra
almost smooth and glabrous except for very sparse and fine setae along lateral margins, widest at about basal 1/3 of lateral margins (Fig.
Hind wings fully developed.
Mesoventrite weakly microreticulate and almost glabrous; metaventrite and abdominal ventrites distinctly microreticulate, and densely and finely pubescent.
Legs
with many small spines as other species of the genus Triarthron; mesofemur approximately 2.8 times as wide as long, weakly expanded anteriorly at about half of antero-apical margin, and bearing five small teeth at dorsal lamina of posterior margin (Fig.
Aedeagus
slender in general (Figs
The specific name is dedicated to Mr. Fukuo Itô, the collector of the holotype.
Japan: Honshu (Nara Prefecture).
Collecting the tribe Sogdini is generally not easy in Japan and identified Japanese specimens of the tribe are very small in quantity. Triarthron itoi Hoshina, sp. nov. is described based on only one specimen; therefore, the degree of individual variation cannot be determined in this species. However, I found some morphological features on that specimen that are clearly different from two known species of Triarthron, and recognize it as a new member of the genus. Triarthron itoi sp. nov. can be distinguished from T. maerkelii Märkel, 1840 by the following features: it has a large body whose length is 4.8 mm, mesofemur with relatively large teeth at the dorsal lamina of the posterior margin (Fig.
Triarthron itoi Hoshina, sp. nov. (2–5). 2 Body 3 right antennomere, dorsal view 4 left mesofemur, ventral view 5 left metafemur, ventral view. T. maerkelii Märkel (6, 7). 6 Left mesofemur, ventral view 7 left metafemur, ventral view. Scale bar: A: 1 mm (2), B: 0.2 mm (3), C, D: 0.5 mm (4–7).
Moreover, T. itoi sp. nov. can be separated from T. lecontei Horn, 1868 by having both mandibles sharply curved inwardly at about apical 1/4 and lacking large teeth at internal margins, and metafemur strongly expanded at the anterior margin (Fig.
Life history of Triarthron itoi Hoshina, sp. nov. is not known.
I wish to express my sincere thanks to Dr. Shigehiko Shiyake (Osaka Museum of Natural History) for his kind offering of the valuable specimen. I would like to thank Editage (www.editage.com) for English language editing.