Ninety-eight new species of Trigonopterus weevils from Sundaland and the Lesser Sunda Islands

Alexander Riedel; Rene Tänzler; Michael Balke; Cahyo Rahmadi; Yayuk R. Suhardjono

doi:10.3897/zookeys.467.8206

Monograph

Ninety-eight new species of Trigonopterus weevils from Sundaland and the Lesser Sunda Islands

Alexander Riedel^‡, Rene Tänzler^§, Michael Balke^|§, Cahyo Rahmadi^¶, Yayuk R. Suhardjono^¶

‡ Museum of Natural History Karlsruhe, Karlsruhe, Germany

§ Zoological State Collection, Munich, Germany

| GeoBio Center LMU Munich, Munich, Germany

¶ Zoological Museum, Cibinong, Indonesia

Corresponding author: Alexander Riedel ( riedel@smnk.de )

Academic editor: Miguel Alonso-Zarazaga

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

Citation: Riedel A, Tänzler R, Balke M, Rahmadi C, Suhardjono YR (2014) Ninety-eight new species of Trigonopterus weevils from Sundaland and the Lesser Sunda Islands. ZooKeys 467: 1-162. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.467.8206

ZooBank: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:319040F0-1D0F-4950-92BF-A2FF705517AF

Abstract

The genus Trigonopterus Fauvel, 1862 is highly diverse in Melanesia. Only one species, Trigonopterus amphoralis Marshall, 1925 was so far recorded West of Wallace’s Line (Eastern Sumatra). Based on focused field-work the fauna from Sundaland (Sumatra, Java, Bali, Palawan) and the Lesser Sunda Islands (Lombok, Sumbawa, Flores) is here revised. We redescribe T. amphoralis Marshall and describe an additional 98 new species: T. acuminatus sp. n., T. aeneomicans sp. n., T. alaspurwensis sp. n., T. allopatricus sp. n., T. allotopus sp. n., T. angulicollis sp. n., T. argopurensis sp. n., T. arjunensis sp. n., T. asper sp. n., T. attenboroughi sp. n., T. baliensis sp. n., T. batukarensis sp. n., T. bawangensis sp. n., T. binodulus sp. n., T. bornensis sp. n., T. cahyoi sp. n., T. costipennis sp. n., T. cuprescens sp. n., T. cupreus sp. n., T. dacrycarpi sp. n., T. delapan sp. n., T. dentipes sp. n., T. diengensis sp. n., T. dimorphus sp. n., T. disruptus sp. n., T. dua sp. n., T. duabelas sp. n., T. echinatus sp. n., T. empat sp. n., T. enam sp. n., T. fissitarsis sp. n., T. florensis sp. n., T. foveatus sp. n., T. fulgidus sp. n., T. gedensis sp. n., T. halimunensis sp. n., T. honjensis sp. n., T. ijensis sp. n., T. javensis sp. n., T. kalimantanensis sp. n., T. kintamanensis sp. n., T. klatakanensis sp. n., T. lampungensis sp. n., T. latipes sp. n., T. lima sp. n., T. lombokensis sp. n., T. merubetirensis sp. n., T. mesehensis sp. n., T. micans sp. n., T. misellus sp. n., T. palawanensis sp. n., T. pangandaranensis sp. n., T. paraflorensis sp. n., T. pararugosus sp. n., T. parasumbawensis sp. n., T. pauxillus sp. n., T. payungensis sp. n., T. porcatus sp. n., T. pseudoflorensis sp. n., T. pseudosumbawensis sp. n., T. punctatoseriatus sp. n., T. ranakensis sp. n., T. relictus sp. n., T. rinjaniensis sp. n., T. roensis sp. n., T. rugosostriatus sp. n., T. rugosus sp. n., T. rutengensis sp. n., T. saltator sp. n., T. santubongensis sp. n., T. sasak sp. n., T. satu sp. n., T. schulzi sp. n., T. sebelas sp. n., T. sembilan sp. n., T. sepuluh sp. n., T. seriatus sp. n., T. serratifemur sp. n., T. setifer sp. n., T. silvestris sp. n., T. singkawangensis sp. n., T. singularis sp. n., T. sinuatus sp. n., T. squalidus sp. n., T. sumatrensis sp. n., T. sumbawensis sp. n., T. sundaicus sp. n., T. suturalis sp. n., T. syarbis sp. n., T. telagensis sp. n., T. tepalensis sp. n., T. tiga sp. n., T. trigonopterus sp. n., T. tujuh sp. n., T. ujungkulonensis sp. n., T. variolosus sp. n., T. vulcanicus sp. n., T. wallacei sp. n.. All new species are authored by the taxonomist-in-charge, Alexander Riedel. Most species belong to the litter fauna of primary wet evergreen forests. This habitat has become highly fragmented in the study area and many of its remnants harbor endemic species. Conservation measures should be intensified, especially in smaller and less famous sites to minimize the number of species threatened by extinction.

Keywords

Southeast Asia, integrative taxonomy, turbo-taxonomy, weevils, hyperdiverse, morphology, cox1 , DNA barcoding, conservation, endemism, Coleoptera , Curculionidae , Cryptorhynchinae

Introduction

Trigonopterus Fauvel, a genus of flightless weevils placed in the subfamily Cryptorhynchinae of Curculionidae (Alonso-Zarazaga and Lyal 1999), is hyperdiverse in the Papuan region (Riedel et al. 2010; Tänzler et al. 2012). However, only a few species have been described from west of the Moluccas to date. Besides three species from the Philippines [T. bakeri (Hustache, 1925), T. paucisquamosus (Heller, 1915), T. semirubrus (Hustache, 1925)] and one from Sulawesi [T. fulvicornis (Pascoe, 1885)], there is only one more species described from East Sumatra [T. amphoralis (Marshall)]. The conspicuous gap in distribution is here revealed as a sampling artifact and will be remedied with the present publication.

The area covered herein includes parts of Sundaland (i.e. Sumatra, Java, Borneo, and the Philippine island of Palawan) and the Lesser Sunda Islands. No species of Trigonopterus is known to us from the Malay Peninsula and the western and central parts of Sumatra. The intensive field work for this study largely focused on East Sumatra, Java and the Lesser Sunda Islands, while material available from only a few localities in Borneo and Palawan could be included. Thus, many more species can be expected from these islands. The fauna of Sulawesi will be treated in a separate publication.

We have previously established that Trigonopterus weevils are suitable for accelerated taxonomic study combining morphology and the DNA barcoding approach using mitochondrial cox1 data (Riedel et al. 2013a, b; Tänzler et al. 2012); herein we will use the same strategy to provide “faces and names” to an additional 98 undescribed species. While in our earlier study (Riedel et al. 2013b) we tried to name only selected representatives covering all species groups, we now revise all species of a focal region. This newly established taxonomic foundation will be of immediate use to our studies on the evolution and biogeography of Trigonopterus (e.g. Tänzler et al. 2014).

Materials and methods

This study is based on > 4,000 specimens of Trigonopterus, collected specifically for a project on this genus. Unless otherwise stated, specimens were collected by sifting the litter of primary forests with subsequent extraction by hand or, more efficiently, using eclectors (Besuchet et al. 1987). Holotypes were selected from the 703 sequenced specimens; their DNA had been extracted nondestructively as described by Riedel et al. (2010). The genitalia of most specimens did not require maceration after DNA-extraction; they could be directly stained with an alcoholic Chlorazol Black solution and stored in glycerol in microvials attached to the pin of the specimens. Genitalia of collection specimens or specimens whose abdominal muscle tissue was not sufficiently digested after DNA extraction were macerated with 10% KOH and rinsed in diluted acetic acid before staining. Illustrations of habitus and genitalia were prepared from holotypes. Finally, type series were supplemented with specimens stored in ethanol and older material from the dry collection. As always the case in paratypes, there is a chance that some of these are incorrectly assigned; this is especially true for specimens without sequence data as an identification based on external morphological characters is more prone to error than an identification based on a cox1 sequence (Tänzler et al. 2012). Several different species belonging to the T. relictus-group occur sympatrically in Sumbawa and Flores. Since it was not possible to separate these sibling species without the extraction of male genitalia and / or their sequence data, a substantial number of specimens were not included in any type series. Type depositories are cited using the following codens:

ARC Alexander Riedel Collection, stored in SMNK, Germany.

MZB LIPI Research Center of Biology, Division of Zoology, Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense, Widyasatwaloka, Cibinong, Indonesia.

SMNK Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde, Karlsruhe, Germany.

ZSM Zoologische Staatssammlung, München, Germany.

The methods applied for DNA sequencing and sequence analysis are described by Riedel et al. (2010) and Tänzler et al. (2012). Morphological descriptions are limited to major diagnostic characters as outlined by Riedel et al. (2013a, b). Negative character states (i.e. the absence of a character) are only mentioned explicitly where it appears appropriate. For example, there are some species with scale-bearing punctures in which the insertion of the scale has shifted from the center to the margin of the puncture. In these cases, the character is described, but for the majority of species where it is placed in the center it is not mentioned. Common practice would require stating explicitly “scale inserted in center of puncture”. Although formally accurate, in groups comprising hundreds of species this leads to inflated descriptions that distract the reader from the important information by enumerating the absence of rare character states.

Morphological terminology follows Beutel and Leschen (2005) and Leschen et al. (2009), i.e. the terms “mesoventrite” / “metaventrite” are used instead of “mesosternite” / “metasternite”, and “mesanepisternum” / “metanepisternum” instead of “mesepisternum” / “metepisternum”; “penis” is used instead of “aedeagus” as the tegmen is usually without useful characters in Trigonopterus and therefore omitted from species descriptions. Descriptions were prepared using a Leica MZ16 dissecting microscope and a fluorescent desk lamp for illumination. Measurements were taken with the help of an ocular grid. The length of the body was measured in dorsal aspect from the elytral apex to the front of the pronotum. Width of elytra was measured between the humeri at their greatest extent and across both elytra. Legs were described in an idealized laterally extended position; there is a dorsal / ventral and an anterior / posterior surface. Habitus illustrations were compiled using the Automontage© software (Syncroscopy, Cambridge, UK) with a JVC KY70 camera (JVC Professional Products) adapted to a Leica Z6 APO (Leica Microsystems, Wetzlar, Germany). Photographic illustrations of genitalia were made using the same software / camera combination adapted to a Zeiss Imager microscope, and for this purpose the genitalia were embedded in glycerol gelatin as described by Riedel (2005). Genitalia were photographed with their longitudinal axis somewhat lifted anteriorly, to adequately illustrate structures of the curved down apex. All photographs were enhanced using Adobe Photoshop CS2. However, care was taken not to obscure or alter any features of the specimens illustrated. Sequence data were submitted to the European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), and the accession numbers are provided under each species e.g. as “(EMBL # FN429236)”.

Systematics

Trigonopterus Fauvel, 1862

Type species

Trigonopterus insignis Fauvel, 1862, by monotypy.

Diagnosis

Fully apterous genus of Cryptorhynchinae. Length 1.5–6.0 mm. Rostrum in repose not reaching center of mesocoxa. Scutellar shield completely absent externally. Mesothoracic receptacle deep, posteriorly closed. Metanepisternum completely absent externally. Elytra with 9 striae (sometimes superficially effaced). Tarsal claws minute. Usually body largely unclothed, without dense vestiture. For additional information, see http://species-id.net/wiki/Trigonopterus.

Descriptions of the species

1. Trigonopterus acuminatus Riedel, sp. n.

http://zoobank.org/25C0F9B8-EAEE-4BA4-AD2C-7D7DBE20E84D

Diagnostic description

Holotype, male (Fig. 1a). Length 3.14 mm. Color of legs and antennae ferruginous; remainder black. Body elongate; in dorsal aspect with marked constriction between pronotum and elytron; in profile dorsally convex. Rostrum with median and pair of submedian ridges; intervening furrows each with sparse row of erect piliform scales; epistome with indistinct, transverse, subangulate ridge. Pronotum with indistinct subapical constriction; disk densely punctate, interspaces microreticulate; with recumbent to erect piliform scales. Elytra with striae indistinct, marked by fine lines and rows of small punctures; intervals flat, weakly microreticulate, with rows of small punctures; with sparse, recumbent setae, bordering basal margin with long suberect piliform scales; interval 7 in apical quarter forming lateral edge; sutural interval forming pair of apical protrusions dorsal of truncate elytral apex concealed from above. Femora edentate; anteroventral ridge weakly crenulate. Metafemur subapically with stridulatory patch. Dorsal edge of metatibia in basal third denticulate; mesotibia with subbasal angulation extended as acute tooth. Abdominal ventrites 1–2 concave, subglabrous; ventrite 5 at middle with shallow pit. Penis (Fig. 1b) with sides of body weakly concave; apex rounded; transfer apparatus thick flagelliform, 2.0 × longer than body; apodemes 2.1 × as long as body; ductus ejaculatorius without bulbus. Intraspecific variation. Length 2.74–3.14 mm. Female rostrum with median and pair of submedian glabrous costae; epistome simple. Integument of females with microreticulation less distinct, piliform scales shorter and sparser. Female elytral apex slightly shorter, sutural intervals forming pair of tubercles. Female abdominal ventrites 1–2 flat, ventrite 5 flat.

Material examined

Holotype (MZB): ARC2482 (EMBL # LM655819), East Java Prov., Kediri, Mt. Wilis, Besuki, sample 1, S07°51.785', E111°50.188', 1379 m, 21-XI-2011. Paratypes (MZB, SMNK, ZSM): E-Java Prov.: 17 exx, ARC2483 (EMBL # LM655820), ARC2484 (EMBL # LM655821), same data as holotype; 2 exx, Kediri, Besuki, Mt. Wilis, sample 4, S07°51.852', E111°50.185', 1388 m, 22-XI-2011; 4 exx, Kediri, Besuki, Mt. Wilis, sample 5, S07°51.650', E111°50.174', 1485 m, 22-XI-2011; 1 ex, Kediri, Besuki, Mt. Wilis, sample 6, S07°51.709', E111°50.100', 1409 m, 22-XI-2011.

Distribution

E-Java Prov. (Mt. Wilis). Elevation: 1379–1485 m.

Etymology

This epithet is based on the Latin adjective acuminatus (pointed) and refers to the shape of the elytra.

Notes

Trigonopterus acuminatus Riedel, sp. n. was coded as “Trigonopterus sp. 357” by Tänzler et al. (2014).

2. Trigonopterus aeneomicans Riedel, sp. n.

http://zoobank.org/C8B886E4-5A12-4965-9B71-1405954B7D9A

Diagnostic description

Holotype, male (Fig. 2a). Length 2.25 mm. Color of antennae ferruginous, legs dark ferruginous; remainder black, elytra with bronze lustre. Body subovate, in dorsal aspect and in profile with weak constriction between pronotum and elytron. Rostrum with median and pair of submedian ridges, intervening furrows each with sparse row of mesad directed setae; epistome with indistinct transverse, subangulate ridge. Pronotum coarsely punctate, laterally reticulate, submedially interspaces longitudinally rugose, with median costa; with sparse, suberect setae. Elytra with striae deeply impressed; each with sparse row of slender suberect scales; intervals costate, subglabrous; sutural interval with few coarse punctures. Femora with simple, crenate anteroventral ridge. Metafemur subapically with stridulatory patch. Metatibia apically with uncus, without premucro. Abdominal ventrite 5 coarsely punctate, with sparse subrecumbent setae, with indistinct median ridge. Penis (Fig. 2b) with sides of body subparallel; containing pair of sclerites; apex sparsely setose, with median, subtriangular extension; transfer apparatus symmetrical; apodemes 2.4 × as long as body; ductus ejaculatorius without bulbus, basally forming distinct loop, entering transfer apparatus from apically. Intraspecific variation. Length 1.90–2.24 mm. Color with bronze lustre more or less distinct; sutural interval ferruginous or black. Female rostrum in apical half dorsally subglabrous, punctate; epistome simple. Elytra with coarse punctures of sutural interval confined to base or passing middle.

Material examined

Holotype (MZB): ARC1472 (EMBL # LM655570), West Nusa Tenggara Prov., Lombok, Gn. Rinjani, Tetebatu, Kokok Belimbing, Rinjani-track, sample 3, S08°28.837', E116°26.553', 1245 m, 02-IV-2010. Paratypes (MZB, SMNK, ZSM): West Nusa Tenggara Prov.: 9 exx, ARC1471 (EMBL # LM655569), same data as holotype; 19 exx, ARC0168, Tetebatu, Rinjani-trail, 1200-1450 m, 07-XII-2004; 6 exx, Tetebatu, Rinjani-trail from Orong Gerisak, sample 5, S08°30.096', E116°25.062', 1010 m, 04-IV-2010; 19 exx, ARC1462 (EMBL # LM655560), ARC1463 (EMBL # LM655561), Lombok, Gn. Rinjani, Tetebatu, Orong Gerisak, Rinjani-track, sample 6, S08°29.577', E116°24.782', 1195 m, 04-IV-2010; 10 exx, Lombok, Gn. Rinjani, Tetebatu, Orong Gerisak, Rinjani-track, sample 7, S08°29.433', E116°24.746', 1240 m, 04-IV-2010; 18 exx, ARC1479 (EMBL # LM655577), ARC1480 (EMBL # LM655578), Lombok, Gn. Rinjani, Tetebatu, Orong Gerisak, Rinjani-track, sample 8, S08°29.173', E116°24.517', 1345 m, 04-IV-2010; 3 exx, Lombok, Gn. Rinjani, Tetebatu, Orong Gerisak, Rinjani-track, sample 9, S08°28.981', E116°24.353', 1430 m, 04-IV-2010; 3 exx, ARC2259 (EMBL # LM655713), Lombok, Senaru, Rinjani-track, sample 1, S08°19.429', E116°24.082', 900 m, 21-III-2011; 30 exx, ARC2261 (EMBL # LM655715), ARC2262 (EMBL # LM655716), Lombok, Senaru, Rinjani-track, sample 2, S08°20.570', E116°23.969', 1320 m, 21-III-2011; 10 exx, Lombok, Senaru, Rinjani-track, sample 3, S08°20.780', E116°23.790', 1465 m, 21-III-2011; 8 exx, Lombok, Senaru, Rinjani-track, sample 4, S08°20.439', E116°24.047', 1240 m, 21-III-2011; 13 exx, Lombok, Senaru, Rinjani-track, sample 5, S08°19.800', E116°24.107', 1015 m, 21-III-2011; 7 exx, Lombok, Senaru, Rinjani-track, sample 6, S08°19.359', E116°24.070', 860 m, 23-III-2011; 12 exx, Senaru, Rinjani-trail, sample 7, S08°19.643', E116°24.033', 935 m, 23-III-2011; 14 exx, Senaru, Rinjani-trail, sample 8, S08°19.719', E116°24.040', 955 m, 23-III-2011; 6 exx, ARC2277 (EMBL # LM655731), ARC2278 (EMBL # LM655732), Santong, Rinjani-track, sample 1, S08°20.715', E116°19.695', 830 m, 24-III-2011; 8 exx, Santong, Rinjani-track, sample 2, S08°20.813', E116°19.778', 870 m, 24-III-2011; 4 exx, Santong, Rinjani-track, sample 3, S08°20.996', E116°20.001', 960 m, 24-III-2011; 10 exx, Santong, Rinjani-track, sample 4, S08°21.160', E116°20.067', 1005 m, 25-III-2011; 2 exx, Santong, Rinjani-track, sample 5, S08°21.351', E116°20.208', 1105 m, 25-III-2011; 6 exx, Santong, Rinjani-track, sample 6, S08°21.754', E116°20.476', 1315 m, 25-III-2011; 17 exx, ARC2293 (EMBL # LM655747), ARC2294 (EMBL # LM655748), Gn. Rinjani, Bawnau, near Sembalun, sample 1, S08°21.136', E116°29.257', 1140 m, 26-III-2011; 3 exx, Mt. Rinjani, Bawnau, near Sembalun, S08°21.136', E116°29.257', 1140 m, collected from foliage, 26-III-2011; 44 exx, ARC1522 (EMBL # LM655620), ARC1523 (EMBL # LM655621), ARC1524 (EMBL # LM655622), Sumbawa, Batu Dulang, Mt. Batu Pasak, sample 2, S08°37.028', E117°15.783', 1305 m, 12-IV-2010; 5 exx, Sumbawa, Batu Dulang, Mt. Batu Pasak, sample 3, S08°37.524', E117°15.423', 1385 m, 12-IV-2010; 12 exx, Sumbawa, Batu Dulang, Mt. Batu Pasak, sample 3, S08°37.524', E117°15.423', 1385 m, 18-IV-2010; 14 exx, Sumbawa, Batu Dulang, Mt. Batu Pasak, sample 4, S08°37.318', E117°15.339', 1280 m, 18-IV-2010; 11 exx, Sumbawa, Batu Dulang, Mt. Batu Pasak, sample 5, S08°37.005', E117°15.790', 1350 m, 18-IV-2010; 23 exx, ARC1502 (EMBL # LM655600), ARC1503 (EMBL # LM655601), ARC1504 (EMBL # LM655602), West Nusa Tenggara Prov., Sumbawa, Tepal, Pc. Nengas, sample 2, S08°35.884', E117°08.384', 1310 m, 15-IV-2010; 7 exx, West Nusa Tenggara Prov., Sumbawa, Tepal, Pc. Nengas, sample 3, S08°35.386', E117°08.251', 1415 m, 15-IV-2010; 1 ex, West Nusa Tenggara Prov., Sumbawa, Tepal, Pc. Nengas, sample 4, S08°35.168', E117°08.175', 1515 m, 15-IV-2010; 8 exx, West Nusa Tenggara Prov., Sumbawa, Tepal, Pc. Nengas, sample 5, S08°35.740', E117°08.721', 1330 m, 16-IV-2010; 17 exx, West Nusa Tenggara Prov., Sumbawa, Tepal, Pc. Nengas, sample 6, S08°35.533', E117°08.605', 1350 m, 16-IV-2010; 30 exx, West Nusa Tenggara Prov., Sumbawa, Tepal, Pc. Nengas, sample 7, S08°35.176', E117°08.295', 1490 m, 16-IV-2010.

Distribution

West Nusa Tenggara Prov., Lombok (Santong, Sembalun, Senaru, Tetebatu), Sumbawa (Batu Dulang, Tepal). Elevation: 830–1350 m.

Etymology

This epithet is a combination of the Latin adjectives aeneus (copper, bronze) and micans (shining) and refers to the metallic lustre of this species´ elytra.

Notes

Trigonopterus aeneomicans Riedel, sp. n. was coded as “Trigonopterus sp. 288” by Tänzler et al. (2014).

3. Trigonopterus alaspurwensis Riedel, sp. n.

http://zoobank.org/3A02E4CA-376A-4332-9DD8-CC2856C2EE95

Diagnostic description

Holotype, male (Fig. 3a). Length 3.47 mm. Color of legs and head ferruginous, transverse band of elytra polished black, remainder with greenish coppery lustre. Body elongate; in dorsal aspect with marked constriction between pronotum and elytron; in profile dorsally flat. Rostrum with median and pair of submedian ridges; intervening furrows each with row of punctures and suberect piliform scales; epistome simple. Pronotum anterolaterally markedly projecting, rounded; with subapical constriction; disk densely punctate; punctures partly elongate and / or arranged in confluent rows forming rhombus-like pattern near midline; each puncture containing piliform white scale; medially with glabrous costa. Elytral intervals bearing each one row of course punctures flanked by glabrous ridges; striae hard to distinguish from secondary rows of punctures; punctures containing long, recumbent, cream-colored scales; at middle with transverse subglabrous band; interval 7 swollen subapically, forming lateral edge; apex subtruncate, sutural interval not protruding. Femora edentate; anteroventral ridge indistinct. Metafemur subapically with stridulatory patch. Dorsal edge of tibiae subbasally with angulation extended as acute tooth. Abdominal ventrite 5 with shallow concave pit, basally and laterally with long suberect scales. Penis (Fig. 3b) with body short, sides subparallel; apex broadly rounded; transfer apparatus complex, rotated to the left; apodemes 3.0 × as long as body; ductus ejaculatorius without bulbus. Intraspecific variation. Length 2.97–3.47 mm. Females more slender than males. Female rostrum with median and pair of submedian glabrous costae. Female elytra with lateral contour convex, widest near middle; male elytra widest between humeri; elytral sculpture of females less distinct, longitudinal ridges weak or absent, transverse band near middle indistinct, sparsely punctate. Female abdominal ventrite 5 flat.

Material examined

Holotype (MZB): ARC2326 (EMBL # LM655779), East Java Prov., Banyuwangi Reg., Alas Purwo N.P., Pancur, sample 3, S08°41.533', E114°22.593', 25 m, 09-IV-2011. Paratypes (MZB, SMNK): E-Java Prov., Banyuwangi Reg., Alas Purwo N.P.: 6 exx, ARC2323 (EMBL # LM655776), ARC2324 (EMBL # LM655777), ARC2325 (EMBL # LM655778), Triangulasi, sample 1, S08°39.744', E114°21.976', 25 m, 09-IV-2011; 1 ex, ARC2327 (EMBL # LM655780) same data as holotype; 1 ex, Triangulasi, sample 4, S08°39.335', E114°21.772', 25 m, 10-IV-2011; 3 exx, Triangulasi, sample 5, S08°39.426', E114°21.890', 25 m, 10-IV-2011; 1 ex, Triangulasi, sample 7, S08°39.373', E114°21.842', 25 m, 10-IV-2011; 1 ex, Triangulasi, sample 8, S08°39.559', E114°21.823', 25 m, 10-IV-2011.

Distribution

E-Java Prov. (Alas Purwo N.P.). Elevation: 25 m.

Etymology

This epithet is based on the type locality, Alas Purwo National Park.

Notes

Trigonopterus alaspurwensis Riedel, sp. n. was coded as “Trigonopterus sp. 345” by Tänzler et al. (2014).

4. Trigonopterus allopatricus Riedel, sp. n.

http://zoobank.org/CCBB24A3-B23C-46DE-AA97-4BF40D281BB7

Diagnostic description

Holotype, male (Fig. 4a). Length 2.60 mm. Color of legs and head ferruginous, remainder black. Body elongate; in dorsal aspect with marked constriction between pronotum and elytron; with distinct constriction in profile. Rostrum coarsely rugose-punctate, with median ridge and pair of irregular submedian ridges; epistome with indistinct, transverse, subangulate ridge. Pronotum anterolaterally angularly projecting; with distinct subapical constriction; disk scabrous, punctures each with one erect seta; interspaces microreticulate; with median ridge. Elytra with striae deeply impressed, each with row of suberect bristles; intervals irregularly costate, almost tuberculate, nude, weakly microreticulate; interval 7 swollen subapically, laterally weakly projecting. Femora edentate. Metafemur subapically with stridulatory patch and transverse ridge. Abdominal ventrite 5 flat, densely punctate, setose. Penis (Fig. 4b) in profile markedly curved; in dorsal aspect body slender, sides subparallel; apex with median, subtriangular extension; transfer apparatus flagelliform, 1.2 × as long as body; apodemes 2.2 × as long as body; ductus ejaculatorius without bulbus. Intraspecific variation. Length 2.23–2.75 mm. Color of sutural interval rarely ferruginous, usually black. Female rostrum dorsally with pairs of lateral and submedian furrows; epistome simple. Elytral apex with interval 7 and sutural interval more or less distinctly projecting. Penis with flagelliform transfer apparatus 1.2–1.5 × longer than body.

Material examined

Holotype (MZB): ARC2680 (EMBL # LM655938), West Java Prov., Sumedang, Sukajadi, Mt. Cakrabuana, sample 6, S07°01.943', E108°08.029', 1593 m, 20-IV-2012. Paratypes (MZB, SMNK, ZSM): W-Java Prov.: 2 exx, ARC3583 (EMBL # LM656016), ARC3584 (EMBL # LM656017), Ciwidey, Mt. Tikukur, sample 2, S07°07.816', E107°24.298', 1784 m, 01-XII-2011; 4 exx, ARC2512 (EMBL # LM655849), ARC2513 (EMBL # LM655850), Ciwidey, Mt. Tikukur, sample 3, S07°07.723', E107°23.898', 1929 m, 01-XII-2011; 2 exx, ARC2516 (EMBL # LM655853), Bandung, Lembang, Pangli, Mt. Bukittinggul, sample 1, S06°48.810', E107°44.216', 1753 m, 03-XII-2011; 2 exx, ARC2517 (EMBL # LM655854), ARC3585 (EMBL # LM656018), Bandung, Lembang, Pangli, Mt. Bukittinggul, sample 2, S06°48.845', E107°44.074', 1898 m, 03-XII-2011; 3 exx, ARC2724 (EMBL # LM655980), Garut, Wanaraja, Talagabodas, sample 1, S07°12.511', E108°03.554', 1741 m, 27-IV-2012; 7 exx, ARC2717 (EMBL # LM655973), ARC2718 (EMBL # LM655974), ARC2719 (EMBL # LM655975), ARC3595 (EMBL # LM656026), ARC3596 (EMBL # LM656027), ARC3597, Garut, Wanaraja, Talagabodas, sample 2, S07°11.966', E108°03.984', 1719 m, 27-IV-2012; 8 exx, ARC2715 (EMBL # LM655971), ARC2716 (EMBL # LM655972), Garut, Cikajang, Mt. Payung, sample 3, S07°25.320', E107°48.259', 1560 m, 26-IV-2012; 3 exx, ARC0186 (EMBL # LM655411), ARC0158, Garut, Cilawu, Mt. Cikuray, sample 2, S07°18.840', E107°52.512', 1800 m, 24-IX-2005; 4 exx, Garut, Cilawu, Mt. Cikuray, sample 4, S07°18.927', E107°52.460', 1930 m, 24-IX-2005; 2 exx, Garut, Cilawu, Mt. Cikuray, sample 3, S07°19.075', E107°52.338', 2050 m, 24-IX-2005; 13 exx, ARC2679 (EMBL # LM655937), same data as holotype; 4 exx, Mt. Sawal, Panjalu, Tembong, sample 3, S07°11.102', E108°16.310', 1569 m, 29-XI-2011; 9 exx, ARC2509 (EMBL # LM655846), ARC2510 (EMBL # LM655847), ARC2511 (EMBL # LM655848), Mt. Sawal, Panjalu, Tembong, sample 4, S07°11.275', E108°16.280', 1723 m, 29-XI-2011.

Distribution

W-Java Prov. (Mt. Bukittinggul, Mt. Cakrabuana, Mt. Cikuray, Mt. Payung, Mt. Sawal, Talagabodas, Mt. Tikukur). Elevation: 1560–2050 m.

Etymology

This epithet is based on the Greek allos (other) and the Latin patria (homeland) and refers to its fragmented distribution.

Notes

Trigonopterus allopatricus Riedel, sp. n. was coded as “Trigonopterus sp. 305”.

5. Trigonopterus allotopus Riedel, sp. n.

http://zoobank.org/811F570F-F8C2-49D6-9139-B6D492ECFBB3

Diagnostic description

Holotype, male (Fig. 5a). Length 2.40 mm. Color black; antennae ferruginous. Body ovate, almost without constriction between pronotum and elytron; in profile evenly convex. Rostrum punctate, weakly rugose. Eyes with dorsal margin bordered by furrow, continuous with forehead, not carinate. Pronotum subglabrous, sparsely punctate. Elytra subglabrous, striae hardly visible but marked by few deeper punctures along basal margin and near apex. Femora microreticulate, punctate. Metafemur with posteroventral edge rimmed by costa; posterior surface with longitudinal impression; with smooth dorsoposterior edge; subapically without stridulatory patch. Mesotibia basally rounded; subapically with uncus and larger premucro. Metatibia subapically with fringe of curved, white setae; with uncus, without premucro. Abdominal ventrite 2 swollen, with posterior edge projecting, medially forming common cavity with ventrite 1; ventrite 5 dull, microreticulate, punctate, with shallow subapical impression. Penis (Fig. 5b). Apex symmetrical, with median triangular extension; transfer apparatus dentiform, apically bordered by pair of L-shaped sclerites; ductus ejaculatorius with indistinct bulbus.

Material examined

Holotype (MZB): ARC1513 (EMBL # LM655611), West Nusa Tenggara Prov., Sumbawa, Batu Dulang, Mt. Batu Pasak, sample 2, S08°37.028', E117°15.783', 1305 m, 12-IV-2010.

Distribution

West Nusa Tenggara Prov., Sumbawa (Batu Dulang). Elevation: 1305 m.

Etymology

This epithet is the latinized form of a combination of the Greek adjective allos (foreign) and the noun topos (place). The species marks the Southwestern limit of the T. politus-group´s distribution which is most diverse in the Papuan region.

Notes

Trigonopterus allotopus Riedel, sp. n. was coded as “Trigonopterus sp. 331” by Tänzler et al. (2014). The holotype was taken from a sample of sifted leaf litter; however, based on observations of the other species of the T. politus-group its occurrence on foliage appears more likely.

6. Trigonopterus angulicollis Riedel, sp. n.

http://zoobank.org/9361D093-B660-4282-AA14-D75CBBC8D67B

Diagnostic description

Holotype, male (Fig. 6a). Length 2.58 mm. Color of head and legs ferruginous, remainder black. Body subhexagonal; in dorsal aspect with marked constriction between pronotum and elytron; with distinct constriction in profile. Rostrum with median ridge and pair of submedian ridges, intervening furrows punctate; punctures each with long erect scale; epistome with transverse, angulate ridge forming median denticle. Pronotum anterolaterally angularly projecting; with distinct subapical constriction; disk rugose-punctate, punctures each with slender suberect to subrecumbent scale; with median ridge. Elytra with striae deeply impressed, each with row of stout suberect bristles; intervals costate to carinate, almost nude; interval 3 most prominent; interval 7 swollen subapically, laterally projecting. Femora edentate. Metafemur subapically with stridulatory patch and transverse rows of denticles. Abdominal ventrite 5 swollen, at middle with shallow impression, sparsely setose. Penis (Fig. 6b) with sides of body subparallel, apex medially pointed; endophallic sclerites asymmetrical; transfer apparatus flagelliform, ca. 2 × as long as body; apodemes 2.0 × as long as body; ductus ejaculatorius without bulbus. Intraspecific variation. Length 2.45–2.58 mm. Female rostrum dorsally with pairs of lateral and submedian furrows; epistome simple. Female abdominal ventrite 5 flat, with median tooth markedly projecting from profile.

Material examined

Holotype (MZB): ARC2654 (EMBL # LM655912), West Java Prov., Sukabumi, Mt. Gede, Cisaat, Situ Gunung, sample 1, S06°49.377', E106°55.729', 1281 m, 15-IV-2012. Paratypes (MZB, SMNK): W-Java Prov., Sukabumi, Mt. Gede, Cisaat, Situ Gunung: 3 exx ARC2655 (EMBL # LM655913), same data as holotype; 2 exx, ARC2658 (EMBL # LM655916), ARC2659 (EMBL # LM655917), sample 2, S06°49.038', E106°55.852', 1342 m, 15-IV-2012.

Distribution

W-Java Prov. (Mt. Gede). Elevation: 1281–1342 m.

Etymology

This epithet is a combination of the Latin adjective angularis (angular) and the noun collum (neck, pronotum).

Notes

Trigonopterus angulicollis Riedel, sp. n. was coded as “Trigonopterus sp. 314” by Tänzler et al. (2014).

7. Trigonopterus amphoralis Marshall

Trigonopterus amphoralis Marshall (1925): p. 217–218.

Diagnostic description

Selected male (Fig. 7a). Length 3.02 mm. Color of legs and antennae ferruginous, remainder black. Body elongate; in dorsal aspect with marked constriction between pronotum and elytron; in profile dorsally without constriction. Rostrum with median carina terminating abruptly on forehead; with pair of submedian ridges; intervening furrows each with row of erect, piliform scales; epistome with transverse, angulate ridge forming median denticle. Pronotum without distinct subapical constriction; disk densely punctate, interspaces glabrous; each puncture containing one small scale. Elytra with striae deeply impressed; each with row of partly abraded scales, in basal half scales suberect, apically small, recumbent; intervals weakly carinate, nude; interval 7 swollen subapically, laterally weakly projecting; apex extended ventrad, beak-shaped. Meso- and metafemur with crenulate anteroventral ridge. Metafemur subapically with stridulatory patch and transverse row of denticles. Metatibia with dorsal edge denticulate. Abdominal ventrite 5 basally flat, in apical half with shallow pit. Penis (Fig. 7b) with body in profile markedly curved ventrad; in dorsal aspect sides basally subparallel, in apical half diverging; apex with small median denticle; apodemes 1.8 × as long as body; ductus ejaculatorius without bulbus. Intraspecific variation. Length 2.53–3.02 mm. Color of elytra ferruginous or black. Female rostrum dorsally with pair of lateral furrows, pair of submedian furrows continued apicad by coarse punctures; epistome simple. Elytral apex in males rounded, in females narrower, subangulate. Female abdominal ventrite 5 flat.

Type material

Syntypes: “Pedada Bay, Lampongs, 2 males, 22.I.1922 (Dr. K.W.Dammerman)”

Material examined

(MZB, SMNK, ZSM): East Sumatra, Lampung Prov.: 2 exx, ARC0261 (EMBL # LM655452), ARC0262 (EMBL # LM655453), Bawang, Pedada Bay, Mt. Tanggang, sample 2, S05°43.947', E105°06.480', 659 m, 09-VIII-2006; 1 ex, ARC0273 (EMBL # LM655464), Bawang, Pedada Bay, Mt. Tanggang, sample 4, S05°43.871', E105°06.393', 744 m, 09-VIII-2006; 2 exx, ARC0259 (EMBL # LM655451), ARC0260, Bawang, Pedada Bay, Mt. Tanggang, sample 1, S05°43.933', E105°06.598', 579 m, 09-VIII-2006; 1 ex, Bawang, Pedada Bay, Mt. Tanggang, sample 3, S05°43.938', E105°06.440', 673 m, 09-VIII-2006; 1 ex, Bawang, Pedada Bay, Mt. Tanggang, sample 4, S05°43.871', E105°06.393', 744 m, 09-VIII-2006; 6 exx, ARC2725 (EMBL # LM655981), ARC2726 (EMBL # LM655982), Bukit Barisan Selatan N.P., Kota Agung, Sukaraja, sample 2, S05°30.330', E104°25.838', 660 m, 01-V-2012; 4 exx, ARC2729 (EMBL # LM655985), Bukit Barisan Selatan N.P., Kota Agung, Sukaraja, sample 5, S05°31.044', E104°25.664', 562 m, 02-V-2012; 4 exx, Bukit Barisan Selatan N.P., Kota Agung, Sukaraja, sample 6, S05°31.678', E104°25.508', 608 m, 02-V-2012; 4 exx, Bukit Barisan Selatan N.P., Kota Agung, Sukaraja, sample 7, S05°33.768', E104°25.361', 371 m, 02-V-2012; 3 exx, Bukit Barisan Selatan N.P., Kota Agung, Sukaraja, sample 9, S05°32.611', E104°26.353', 455 m, 02-V-2012; 1 ex, Bukit Barisan Selatan N.P., Liwa, sample 6, S05°04.753', E104°03.183', 809 m, 05-V-2012; 2 exx, ARC2735 (EMBL # LM655991), ARC2736 (EMBL # LM655992), Bukit Barisan Selatan N.P., Liwa, sample 7, S05°04.958', E104°03.379', 813 m, 05-V-2012.

Distribution

Lampung Prov. (Bukit Barisan Selatan, Pedada Bay). Elevation: 371–813 m.

Notes

Trigonopterus amphoralis Marshall was coded as “Trigonopterus sp. 319”. The original description was based on two syntypes collected by Dammerman who was curator at the Zoological Museum Bogor. A search at MZB was without success, but a specimen bearing the syntypes´ original labels was located at BMNH. However, it is NOT the syntype: the characters (ovate body with smooth elytra) are in stark contrast to the original description and it belongs to a group never recorded west of Wallace Line, but very common to the east of it. Probably, several Trigonopterus-specimens in the same box became detached from their cards, and they were glued to the wrong cards in an attempt to restore order. The other specimens in the drawer were checked, but unfortunately none was found resembling the description of T. amphoralis. Specimens collected at the type locality match the original description perfectly and thus the situation appears resolved sufficiently.

8. Trigonopterus argopurensis Riedel, sp. n.

http://zoobank.org/8309E929-9AA0-4A54-8356-9EF937828B08

Diagnostic description

Holotype, male (Fig. 8a). Length 3.28 mm. Color of legs and head ferruginous, elytra ferruginous with transverse sinuate black band, remainder black. Body elongate; in dorsal aspect with marked constriction between pronotum and elytron; in profile dorsally convex. Rostrum with median and pair of submedian ridges; intervening furrows punctate, each with row of erect setae; epistome simple. Pronotum with subapical constriction; disk densely punctate; punctures partly elongate and / or arranged in confluent rows forming rhombus-like pattern; each puncture containing elongate white scale or seta; medially with glabrous costa. Elytra with striae indistinct; intervals flat; with small, confused punctures; with sparse rows of elongate, recumbent, cream-colored scales; interspaces microreticulate; interval 7 in apical third forming sharp lateral edge; sutural interval at apex swollen, weakly protruding. Anteroventral ridge of femora crenulate, forming blunt tooth. Metafemur subapically with stridulatory patch. Dorsal edge of tibiae subbasally simple, with angulation. Metatibia apically without premucro. Abdominal ventrite 5 flat, coarsely punctate. Penis (Fig. 8b) with sides of body subparallel; apex medially with short median extension rounded; transfer apparatus compact, transfer-processes sickle-shaped, in profile with ventral contour evenly convex; apodemes 2.4 × as long as body; ductus ejaculatorius without bulbus. Intraspecific variation. Length 2.88–3.18 mm. Color largely light ferruginous or black except antennae and legs ferruginous. Female rostrum with median and pair of submedian ridges costate, subglabrous.

Material examined

Holotype (MZB): ARC2457 (EMBL # LM655795), East Java Prov., Krucil, Bremi, Mt. Argopuro (trail to Taman Hidup), sample 2, S07°58.478', E113°31.069', 1457 m, 10-XI-2011. Paratypes (MZB, SMNK): E-Java Prov., Krucil, Bremi, Mt. Argopuro (trail to Taman Hidup): 5 exx, ARC2458 (EMBL # LM655796), ARC2459 (EMBL # LM655797), same data as holotype; 3 exx, ARC2464 (EMBL # LM655802), sample 3, S07°58.586', E113°31.345', 1628 m, 10-XI-2011, sample 4, S07°58.680', E113°31.519', 1785 m, 10-XI-2011; 1 ex, ARC2465 (EMBL # LM655803), sample 7, S07°58.449', E113°31.002', 1457 m, 11-XI-2011.

Distribution

E-Java Prov. (Mt. Argopuro). Elevation: 1457–1785 m.

Etymology

This epithet is based on the type locality, Mt. Argopuro.

Notes

Trigonopterus argopurensis Riedel, sp. n. was coded as “Trigonopterus sp. 360” by Tänzler et al. (2014).

9. Trigonopterus arjunensis Riedel, sp. n.

http://zoobank.org/C60B9AC7-C79A-4175-ABBC-593DDD6F26ED

Diagnostic description

Holotype, male (Fig. 9a). Length 3.20 mm. Color of legs and antennae ferruginous except tarsi black; remainder black. Body elongate; in dorsal aspect with marked constriction between pronotum and elytron; in profile dorsally flat, apically convex. Rostrum with median and pair of submedian ridges; intervening furrows each with sparse row of erect piliform scales; epistome simple. Pronotum with sides diverging apicad, anteriorly subangularly projecting; with indistinct subapical constriction; disk coarsely punctate; interspaces microgranulate; each puncture containing recumbent piliform scale directed laterad; with median ridge. Elytra with striae indistinct, marked by fine lines and rows of small punctures; intervals flat, microreticulate, with rows of small punctures; with sparse, recumbent, piliform scales, more conspicuous bordering basal margin; interval 7 in apical third forming sharp lateral edge; sutural interval at apex weakly swollen; apex subangulate, at suture with shallow notch. Femora edentate; anteroventral ridge crenulate. Metafemur subapically with stridulatory patch. Dorsal edge of tibiae subbasally angulate, mesotibia with angulation extended as acute tooth. Tarsomere 3 of protarsus slightly larger than of mesotarsus. Abdominal ventrite 5 flat, apically coarsely punctate, sparsely setose. Penis (Fig. 9b) with sides of body weakly diverging; apex medially pointed; transfer apparatus flagelliform, 4.0 × longer than body; apodemes 3.1 × as long as body; ductus ejaculatorius without bulbus. Intraspecific variation. Length 3.09–3.34 mm. Females more slender than males. Integument of males rather dull; females with punctures sparser and smaller, interspaces polished. Recumbent piliform scales in some specimens very small and sparse, almost absent in females. Female rostrum with median and pair of submedian glabrous costae.

Material examined

Holotype (MZB): ARC2474 (EMBL # LM655811), East Java Prov., Mt. Arjuno, road Batu - Pacet, Cangar, sample 5, S07°43.400', E112°31.768', 1419 m, 15-XI-2011. Paratypes (MZB, SMNK, ZSM): E-Java Prov.: 4 exx, ARC2473 (EMBL # LM655810), ARC2475 (EMBL # LM655812), same data as holotype; 1 ex, ARC2476 (EMBL # LM655813), Mt. Arjuno, road Batu - Pacet, Cangar, sample 4, S07°43.247', E112°31.641', 1388 m, 15-XI-2011; 4 exx, ARC2477 (EMBL # LM655814), ARC2478 (EMBL # LM655815), ARC2479 (EMBL # LM655816), Kediri, Mt. Wilis, Besuki, sample 1, S07°51.785', E111°50.188', 1379 m, 21-XI-2011; 4 exx, Kediri, Besuki, Mt. Wilis, sample 6, S07°51.709', E111°50.100', 1409 m, 22-XI-2011; 9 exx, ARC2485 (EMBL # LM655822), ARC2486 (EMBL # LM655823), ARC2487 (EMBL # LM655824), ARC2488 (EMBL # LM655825), Kediri, Mt. Wilis, Besuki, sample 7, S07°51.638', E111°50.010', 1432 m, 22-XI-2011.

Distribution

E-Java Prov. (Mt. Arjuno, Mt. Wilis). Elevation: 1388–1432 m.

Etymology

This epithet is based on the type locality Mt. Arjuno.

Notes

Trigonopterus arjunensis Riedel, sp. n. was coded as “Trigonopterus sp. 356”.

10. Trigonopterus asper Riedel, sp. n.

http://zoobank.org/04D150F6-D84C-409E-8E66-E753694C3031

Diagnostic description

Holotype, male (Fig. 10a). Length 2.60 mm. Color of legs and head ferruginous, remainder black. Body elongate; in dorsal aspect with marked constriction between pronotum and elytron; with distinct constriction in profile. Rostrum coarsely rugose-punctate, with median ridge and pair of irregular submedian ridges; epistome with indistinct, transverse, subangulate ridge. Pronotum with distinct subapical constriction; disk scabrous, punctures each with one erect seta; with median ridge. Elytra with striae deeply impressed, each with row of stout suberect bristles; intervals tuberculate, almost nude; sutural interval apically extended; interval 7 swollen subapically, laterally weakly projecting. Femora edentate. Metafemur subapically with stridulatory patch. Abdominal ventrite 5 flat, densely punctate, setose. Penis (Fig. 10b) with body flattened, in profile markedly curved; in dorsal aspect sides subparallel; apex with median, subtriangular extension; transfer apparatus flagelliform, 1.5 × longer than body; apodemes 2.6 × as long as body; ductus ejaculatorius without bulbus. Intraspecific variation. Length 2.48–2.60 mm. Female rostrum dorsally with pairs of lateral and submedian furrows; epistome simple.

Material examined

Holotype (MZB): ARC2520 (EMBL # LM655857), West Java Prov., Bandung, Lembang, Pangli, Mt. Bukittinggul, sample 3, S06°48.807', E107°43.897', 1983 m, 03-XII-2011. Paratypes (MZB, SMNK, ZSM): Bandung, Lembang, Pangli, Mt. Bukittinggul: 10 exx, ARC2521 (EMBL # LM655858), ARC3639 (EMBL # LM656061), same data as holotype; 4 exx, sample 2, S06°48.845', E107°44.074', 1898 m, 03-XII-2011; 10 exx, ARC2522 (EMBL # LM655859), sample 4, S06°48.660', E107°43.722', 2185 m, 03-XII-2011.

Distribution

W-Java Prov. (Mt. Bukittinggul). Elevation: 1983–2185 m.

Etymology

This epithet is based on the Latin adjective asper (rough, coarse) and refers to its body sculpture.

Notes

Trigonopterus asper Riedel, sp. n. was coded as “Trigonopterus sp. 359”. It is closely related to T. variolosus Riedel, sp. n. from which it can be separated by a larger penis with a longer flagellum. The minimal p-distance between both species is 9.5%.

11. Trigonopterus attenboroughi Riedel, sp. n.

http://zoobank.org/658E00BD-7CA8-455B-AAC4-B94BC37ABF28

Diagnostic description

Holotype, male (Fig. 11a). Length 2.14 mm. Color ferruginous, head and pronotum darker, almost black. Body in dorsal aspect subovate, with weak constriction between pronotum and elytron; in profile dorsally convex. Rostrum with median and pair of submedian ridges; intervening furrows with rows of sparse suberect scales; epistome with subangulate ridge. Pronotum with disk densely punctate, reticulate; each puncture containing small recumbent scale. Elytra with striae distinct, with small punctures; intervals weakly costate, subglabrous; elytral apex subtruncate. Femora with crenate anteroventral ridge. Profemur in basal third with crenate posteroventral ridge. Metafemur subapically with stridulatory patch. Dorsal edge of tibiae with subbasal angulation, dentate in pro- and mesotibia. Abdominal ventrites 1–2 concave, forming common cavity, subglabrous, anteriorly with sparse row of long erect narrow scales; laterally with distinct rim; abdominal ventrite 2 in profile projecting dentiform; abdominal ventrite 5 with large round concavity, basally and laterally punctate. Penis (Fig. 11b) with sides of body slightly diverging; with pair of large orificial sclerites, slightly more basad with pair of smaller, darker sclerites; apex with distinct median incision; transfer apparatus spiniform; apodemes 2.2 × as long as body; ductus ejaculatorius without distinct bulbus. Intraspecific variation. Length 2.14–2.63 mm. Female unknown.

Material examined

Holotype (MZB): ARC2543 (EMBL # LM655880), W-Kalimantan Prov., Bengkayan, Suka-Bangun, Mt. Bawang, sample 5, N00°54.103', E109°22.515', 652 m, 11-XII-2011 (MZB). Paratypes (SMNK): 1 ex, ARC2542 (EMBL # LM655879), same data as holotype.

Distribution

W-Kalimantan Prov. (Mt. Bawang). Elevation: 652 m.

Etymology

This species is named in honour of Sir David F. Attenborough in recognition of his outstanding documentaries on natural history.

Notes

Trigonopterus attenboroughi Riedel, sp. n. was coded as “Trigonopterus sp. 366” by Tänzler et al. (2014).

12. Trigonopterus baliensis Riedel, sp. n.

http://zoobank.org/80141D9D-65DC-49D3-B30B-829557575B64

Diagnostic description

Holotype, male (Fig. 12a). Length 1.79 mm. Color of head and legs ferruginous, elytra near sutural margin deep ferruginous, remainder black. Body in dorsal aspect with marked constriction between pronotum and elytron; with distinct constriction in profile. Rostrum with median ridge and pair of submedian ridges, intervening furrows with sparse rows of setae; epistome with transverse, subangulate ridge. Pronotum with indistinct subapical constriction; disk coarsely punctate-rugose, sparsely setose; in basal half with pair of sublateral, kidney-shaped impressions; with median ridge. Elytra with striae deeply impressed, each with row of slender, suberect scales; intervals costate, subglabrous; apical margin subangulate. Femora each with small to minute tooth. Metafemur subapically with indistinct stridulatory patch. Abdominal ventrite 5 with pair of submedian ridges, punctate, sparsely setose. Penis (Fig. 12b) with sides of body subparallel; in apical quarter markedly converging to rounded apex, with minute median brush of setae; transfer apparatus flagelliform, 2.6 × longer than body; apodemes 2.0 × as long as body; ductus ejaculatorius without bulbus. Intraspecific variation. Length 1.46–1.90 mm. Color of elytra ferruginous to black. Female rostrum dorsally in apical half subglabrous, with sparse minute punctures; epistome simple. Pronotum in females and in small males relatively narrow, in large males wider. Elytra in females narrower, humeri evenly rounded; large males with humeri more distinctly, subangularly projecting laterad, in small males similar to females; intervals weakly costate, in larger specimens markedly costate or carinate.

Material examined

Holotype (MZB): ARC0580 (EMBL # LM655516), Bali, Bedugul, Tamblingan, above the village along water pipe, sample 4, S08°15.854', E115°05.312', 1310 m, 06-XI-2007. Paratypes (ARC, MZB, SMNK, ZSM): Bali: 7 exx, ARC166, Bedugul, mountain NW of botanical garden, 1400 m, 04-XII-2004 (ARC); 1 ex, ARC0575 (EMBL # LM655511), Bedugul, Mt. Pohen, S08°16.526', E115°08.634', 1580 m, 01-XI-2007; 10 exx, ARC0576 (EMBL # LM655512), ARC0577 (EMBL # LM655513), ARC0578 (EMBL # LM655514), ARC0579 (EMBL # LM655515), Bedugul, Mt. Pohen, S08°16.643', E115°08.875', 1405 m, 01-XI-2007; 6 exx, Bedugul, Mt. Pohen, sample 6, S08°16.607', E115°08.773', 1460 m, 01-XI-07; 15 exx, ARC0581 (EMBL # LM655517), ARC0582 (EMBL # LM655518), ARC0583 (EMBL # LM655519), same data as holotype; 43 exx, Tamblingan, sample 5, S08°15.108', E115°05.573', 1350 m, 03-IV-2011; 2 exx, Tamblingan, sample 1, S08°16.029', E115°05.854', 1210 m, 06-XI-2007; 2 exx, Tamblingan, sample 2, S08°15.015', E115°06.202', 1255 m, 06-XI-2007; 13 exx, Lake Tamblingan, 1250 m, 18-19-XII-2008; 1 ex, ARC0588 (EMBL # LM655524), Bedugul, Mt. Catur, S08°15.626', E115°11.354', 1690 m, 07-XI-2007; 26 exx, ARC2307 (EMBL # LM655760), ARC2308 (EMBL # LM655761), ARC2309 (EMBL # LM655762), Mt. Batukaru, Wangayagede, sample 3, S08°21.431', E115°05.699', 1170 m, 31-III-2011; 49 exx, Mt. Batukaru, Wangayagede, sample 4, S08°21.373', E115°05.564', 1310 m, 31-III-2011; 53 exx, Mt. Batukaru, Wangayagede, sample 5, S08°21.130', E115°05.321', 1520 m, 31-III-2011; 8 exx, Angseri, Mt. Adeng, sample 1, S08°19.824', E115°08.604', 1190 m, 05-IV-2011; 8 exx, Angseri, Mt. Adeng, sample 2, S08°19.726', E115°08.583', 1280 m, 06-IV-2011; 39 exx, ARC2319 (EMBL # LM655772), ARC2320 (EMBL # LM655773), Angseri, Mt. Adeng, sample 3, S08°19.626', E115°08.554', 1385 m, 06-IV-2011; 1 ex, Angseri, Mt. Adeng, sample 4, S08°19.463', E115°08.537', 1535 m, 06-IV-2011; 4 exx, ARC0730 (EMBL # LM655547), ARC0731 (PCR failed), Pangkung village, trail to Mesehe-waterfall, S08°18.30', E114°41.68', 350-600 m, 14 &17-XII-2008; 3 exx, ARC2252 (EMBL # LM655707), ARC2253 (EMBL # LM655708), ARC2254 (PCR failed), Negara, Kampung Pasatan, Desa Pohsanten, Mt. Mesehe, sample 5, S08°16.589', E114°41.772', 745 m, 18-III-2011; 1 ex, Negara, Kampung Pasatan, Desa Pohsanten, Mt. Mesehe, sample 4, S08°17.466', E114°41.331', 490 m, 17-III-2011; 17 exx, Negara, Kampung Pasatan, Desa Pohsanten, Mt. Mesehe, sample 5, S08°16.589', E114°41.772', 745 m, 18-III-2011; 4 exx, Negara, Kampung Pasatan, Desa Pohsanten, Mt. Mesehe, sample 6, S08°16.234', E114°41.528', 935 m, 18-III-2011; 1 ex, Negara, Kampung Pasatan, Desa Pohsanten, Mt. Mesehe, sample 7, S08°16.314', E114°41.649', 890 m, 18-III-2011; 52 exx, ARC2959 (EMBL # LM656012), ARC2960 (EMBL # LM656013), ARC2961 (EMBL # LM656014), Negara, Kampung Pasatan, Desa Pohsanten, Mt. Mesehe, sample 8, S08°16.454', E114°41.725', 825 m, 18-III-2011.

Distribution

Bali (Mt. Andeng, Mt. Batukaru, Bedugul, Mt. Mesehe). Elevation: 600–1690 m.

Etymology

This epithet is based on the island of Bali.

Notes

Trigonopterus baliensis Riedel, sp. n. was coded as “Trigonopterus sp. 328” by Tänzler et al. (2014).

13. Trigonopterus batukarensis Riedel, sp. n.

http://zoobank.org/79CC0B55-E102-4860-A005-3005A0E929BE

Diagnostic description

Holotype, male (Fig. 13a). Length 2.78 mm. Color of antennae and legs ferruginous; remainder black. Body subovate, in dorsal aspect with weak constriction between pronotum and elytron; in profile dorsally convex. Rostrum with median ridge and pair of submedian ridges, intervening furrows each with sparse row of mesad directed scales; epistome with transverse ridge. Pronotum coarsely punctate, reticulate, with indistinct median costa; with sparse, recumbent scales. Elytra with striae dorsally deeply incised, laterally marked by rows of coarse punctures; intervals markedly costate, dorsally flattened, with rows of punctures; sutural interval basally hardly widened; each puncture containing small recumbent scale; elytral apex subtruncate. Femora with simple anteroventral ridge. Metafemur subapically with stridulatory patch. Abdominal ventrite 5 coarsely punctate, with sparse suberect scales. Penis (Fig. 13b) with sides of body subparallel; apex with median angulate extension; transfer apparatus with thin median rod 1.4 × as long as body; median rod projecting basad; apodemes 2.6 × as long as body; ductus ejaculatorius without bulbus. Intraspecific variation. Length 2.48–2.78 mm. Color of elytra dark ferruginous to black. Female rostrum in apical half slender, dorsally subglabrous, with submedian rows of punctures, laterally punctate-rugose; epistome simple.

Material examined

Holotype (MZB): ARC2303 (EMBL # LM655757), Bali, Mt. Batukaru, Wangayagede, sample 3, S08°21.431', E115°05.699', 1170 m, 31-III-2011. Paratypes (MZB, SMNK): Bali, Mt. Batukaru, Wangayagede: 3 exx, ARC2304 (EMBL # LM655758), ARC2305 (PCR failed), same data as holotype; 1 ex, ARC2302 (EMBL # LM655756), sample 1, S08°22.295', E115°06.048', 835 m, 31-III-2011; 1 ex, Mt. Batukaru, Wangayagede, sample 4, S08°21.373', E115°05.564', 1310 m, 31-III-2011; 3 exx, ARC2951 (EMBL # LM656004), ARC2952 (EMBL # LM656005), ARC2953 (EMBL # LM656006), sample 4, S08°21.373', E115°05.564', 31-III-2011.

Distribution

Bali (Mt. Batukaru). Elevation: 835–1310 m.

Etymology

This epithet is based on the type locality Mt. Batukaru.

Notes

Trigonopterus batukarensis Riedel, sp. n. was coded as “Trigonopterus sp. 340” by Tänzler et al. (2014).

14. Trigonopterus bawangensis Riedel, sp. n.

http://zoobank.org/7BC78CF5-ABEE-43A8-B5A7-B8F8696E51DB

Diagnostic description

Holotype, male (Fig. 14a). Length 2.38 mm. Color ferruginous, pronotum dark ferruginous, almost black. Body in dorsal aspect subrhomboid, with weak constriction between pronotum and elytron; in profile dorsally convex. Rostrum with median and pair of indistinct submedian ridges; coarsely punctate-reticulate, with sparse rows of suberect scales; in front of forehead median ridge swollen, projecting subangularly from profile; epistome with subangulate ridge. Pronotum with disk densely punctate; interspaces subglabrous, weakly microreticulate; each puncture containing small recumbent seta. Elytra with striae distinct, marked by coarse punctures; intervals flat, microreticulate; sutural intervals with row of smaller punctures; each puncture containing recumbent seta; elytral apex subtruncate, in apical aspect ventral outline bisinuate. Anteroventral ridge of femora indistinct, terminating in apical third. Metafemur subapically with stridulatory patch. Dorsal edge of tibiae with subbasal angulation, dentate in pro- and mesotibia. Abdominal ventrites 1–2 subglabrous, with few long erect narrow scales, laterally with swollen rim; abdominal ventrite 2 in profile projecting dentiform; abdominal ventrite 5 flat, coarsely punctate, with sparse suberect scales. Penis (Fig. 14b) with sides of body subparallel, near middle with shallow constriction; apex subtruncate, without setae; transfer apparatus complex, wider than long; apodemes 1.5 × as long as body; ductus ejaculatorius without bulbus. Intraspecific variation. Length 1.90–2.48 mm. Color of elytra light or dark ferruginous. Female rostrum dorsally medially subglabrous, sublaterally punctate-rugose; epistome simple.

Material examined

Holotype (MZB): ARC2535 (EMBL # LM655872), W-Kalimantan Prov., Bengkayan, Suka-Bangun, Mt. Bawang, sample 1, N00°53.429', E109°22.230', 246 m, 10-XII-2011. Paratypes (MZB, SMNK, ZSM): W-Kalimantan Prov., Bengkayan, Suka-Bangun, Mt. Bawang: 3 exx, ARC2536 (EMBL # LM655873), same data as holotype; 3 exx, ARC2534 (EMBL # LM655871), sample 2, N00°53.514', E109°22.301', 275 m, 10-XII-2011; 3 exx, ARC2537 (EMBL # LM655874), sample 3, N00°53.621', E109°22.475', 400 m, 10-XII-2011; 3 exx, sample 6, N00°53.992', E109°22.502', 556 m, 11-XII-2011; 1 ex, ARC2546 (EMBL # LM655883), sample 8, N00°53.736', E109°22.316', 411 m, 11-XII-2011.

Distribution

W-Kalimantan Prov. (Mt. Bawang). Elevation: 246–556 m.

Etymology

This epithet is based on the type locality.

Notes

Trigonopterus bawangensis Riedel, sp. n. was coded as “Trigonopterus sp. 364”.

15. Trigonopterus binodulus Riedel, sp. n.

http://zoobank.org/0199A885-5EB4-417E-AFFA-2366842AB040

Diagnostic description

Holotype, male (Fig. 15a). Length 3.38 mm. Color of tarsi and antennae ferruginous, remainder black. Body elongate; in dorsal aspect with marked constriction between pronotum and elytron; in profile dorsally evenly convex. Rostrum with median carina terminating on forehead and pair of submedian ridges; intervening furrows each with row of erect piliform scales; epistome with transverse, angulate ridge forming median denticle. Pronotum anterolaterally subangularly projecting; with subapical constriction; disk coarsely punctate, interspaces dull, microreticulate; each puncture containing small seta; disk with pair of submedian, shallow impressions. Elytra with striae indistinct; intervals flat; punctation confused; each puncture containing small recumbent seta; interspaces dull, coriaceous, microreticulate; interval 7 swollen subapically, weakly projecting laterally; sutural interval at apex markedly swollen, forming pair of rounded apical protrusions. Anteroventral ridge of femora forming blunt tooth. Metafemur subapically with stridulatory patch and transverse row of denticles. Abdominal ventrite 5 with broad impression, sparsely setose with long erect setae. Penis (Fig. 15b) with sides of body subparallel; apex broadly rounded; transfer apparatus small, spiniform; apodemes 1.5 × as long as body; ductus ejaculatorius without bulbus. Intraspecific variation. Length 2.78–4.20 mm. Integument of males dull, coriaceous-microreticulate; females with interspaces between punctures polished. Female rostrum dorsally with glabrous median costa bordered by rows of punctures and sublateral pair of furrows; epistome simple. Female elytra with lateral contour in basal half evenly convex; intervals 2–3 subapically costate. Male elytra with lateral contour in basal half sinuate, concave at level of hind legs; intervals 2–3 subapically with indistinct ridge.

Material examined

Holotype (MZB): ARC0202 (EMBL # LM655424), West Java Prov., Ciamis, Mt. Sawal, Batu Cakra, sample 1, S07°14.920', E108°15.762', 990 m, 01-X-2005 (MZB). Paratypes (MZB, SMNK, ZSM): W-Java Prov., Ciamis: 13 exx, ARC0160, ARC0171, ARC0201 (EMBL # LM655423), ARC0203 (EMBL # LM655425), ARC0218 (EMBL # LM655440), same data as holotype; 2 exx, ARC2688 (EMBL # LM655946), ARC2689 (EMBL # LM655947), Pangandaran, sample 3, S07°43.070', E108°39.634', 156 m, 22-IV-2012.

Distribution

W-Java Prov. (Pangandaran, Mt. Sawal). Elevation: 156–990 m.

Etymology

This epithet is a combination of the Latin prefix bi- (two) and the noun nodulus (small swelling) and refers to the structure of the elytral apex.

Notes

Trigonopterus binodulus Riedel, sp. n. was coded as “Trigonopterus sp. 315”.

16. Trigonopterus bornensis Riedel, sp. n.

http://zoobank.org/6781C63F-24E6-4189-BFCD-9D81C1D3B69D

Diagnostic description

Holotype, male (Fig. 16a). Length 2.81 mm. Color of antennae light ferruginous, pronotum black, remainder dark ferruginous. Body in dorsal aspect with marked constriction between pronotum and elytron; in profile dorsally convex. Rostrum with median and pair of indistinct submedian ridges; intervening furrows containing row of coarse punctures, with rows of erect scales; epistome with transverse, irregular ridge. Pronotum with sides subparallel in basal half, anteriorly rounded to indistinct subapical constriction; disk densely punctate; interspaces subglabrous; each puncture containing small recumbent seta. Elytra with striae marked by small punctures, each containing minute seta; intervals flat, subglabrous, with few interspersed punctures; sutural intervals with additional row of punctures; elytral apex pointed, densely coarsely punctate, suture incised. Femora with crenate anteroventral ridge. Metafemur subapically with stridulatory patch. Dorsal edge of tibiae with subbasal angulation, dentate in pro- and mesotibia. Abdominal ventrites 1–2 weakly concave to flat, subglabrous, with sparse erect scales; abdominal ventrite 5 flat, basally subglabrous, apically sparsely punctate, microreticulate, with sparse erect scales. Penis (Fig. 16b) with sides of body subparallel, slightly diverging; apex subtruncate, with median, triangular extension; endophallus containing numerous coarse denticles, apically with pair of sclerites; transfer apparatus digiform, slightly curved; apodemes 2.5 × as long as body; ductus ejaculatorius without distinct bulbus. Intraspecific variation. Length 2.35–2.81 mm. Female rostrum dorsally subglabrous, with submedian row of coarse punctures, subapically punctate, sublaterally with sparse rows of subrecumbent scales; epistome simple. Female elytral apex simple.

Material examined

Holotype (MZB): ARC0710 (EMBL # LM655535), E-Kalimantan Prov., Berau Dist., Hutan Wisata Sei Tangap, ca. 8 km W of Tanjungredeb, N02°08.07', E117°24.65', 30 m, 02-X-2008. Paratypes (MZB, SMNK): E-Kalimantan Prov., Berau Dist.: 9 exx, ARC0711 (EMBL # LM655536), ARC0712 (EMBL # LM655537), ARC0713 (EMBL # LM655538), same data as holotype; 1 ex, Hutan Mayang Mangurai, ca. 15 km SW of Tanjungredeb, N02°06.217', E117°24.003‘, 20m, 30-XI-2008.

Distribution

E-Kalimantan Prov. (Tanjungredeb). Elevation: 20–30 m.

Etymology

This epithet is based on the island of Borneo.

Notes

Trigonopterus bornensis Riedel, sp. n. was coded as “Trigonopterus sp. 311”.

17. Trigonopterus cahyoi Riedel, sp. n.

http://zoobank.org/94508408-EEF0-4480-931B-6FF5D218FB29

Diagnostic description

Holotype, male (Fig. 17a). Length 3.03 mm. Color of legs and head ferruginous, remainder black. Body elongate; in dorsal aspect with marked constriction between pronotum and elytron; in profile dorsally with indistinct constriction. Rostrum with median carina terminating on forehead; with pair of submedian ridges; intervening furrows each with row of erect, piliform scales; anteriorly behind epistome ridges shortened; epistome with transverse, angulate ridge forming distinct median denticle. Pronotum anterolaterally subangularly projecting; with indistinct subapical constriction; disk coarsely rugose-punctate; each puncture containing suberect piliform scale; with median ridge. Elytra with striae deeply impressed; each with row of suberect piliform scales; intervals costate, ridges transversely rugose; costa of interval 2 shortened at base; interval 7 swollen subapically, laterally weakly projecting; apex extended ventrad, beak-shaped. Meso- and metafemur with anteroventral ridge forming indistinct blunt tooth. Metafemur subapically with stridulatory patch and transverse row of denticles. Abdominal ventrite 5 subapically with shallow pit. Penis (Fig. 17b) with body in profile moderately curved ventrad; in dorsal aspect sides subparallel in basal half, anteriorly gently diverging; apex medially with small rounded extension; apodemes 2.0 × as long as body; ductus ejaculatorius without bulbus. Intraspecific variation. Length 2.05–3.19 mm. Color of elytra completely black or base and sutural interval ferruginous. Body of females slender; males slightly wider, especially between humeri. Female rostrum dorsally with pair of lateral furrows, pair of submedian furrows continued apicad by coarse punctures; epistome simple. Female abdominal ventrite 5 flat.

Material examined

Holotype (MZB): ARC2678 (EMBL # LM655936), West Java, Prov., Sumedang, Sukajadi, Mt. Cakrabuana, sample 6, S07°01.943', E108°08.029', 1593 m, 20-IV-2012. Paratypes (MZB, SMNK, ZSM): W-Java Prov.: 9 exx, Sumedang, Sukajadi, Mt. Cakrabuana, sample 4, S07°01.734', E108°08.059', 1530 m, 19-IV-2012; 8 exx, same data as holotype; 59 exx, ARC0155, ARC0172, ARC0193 (EMBL # LM655417), ARC0194 (EMBL # LM655418), ARC0195 (EMBL # LM655419), Ciamis, Mt. Sawal, Batu Cakra, sample 1, S07°14.920', E108°15.762', 990 m, 01-X-2005 (MZB); 13 exx, sample 3, S07°14.900', E108°15.893', 940 m, 01-X-2005; 11 exx, Ciamis, Mt. Sawal, Blok Cireong, sample 2, S07°14.127', E108°15.568', 1120 m, 01-X-2005; 3 exx, ARC2504 (EMBL # LM655841), Ciamis, Mt. Sawal, Panjalu, Tembong, sample 1, S07°10.528', E108°16.423', 1314 m, 29-XI-2011; 8 exx, ARC2508 (EMBL # LM655845), Ciamis, Mt. Sawal, Panjalu, Tembong, sample 3, S07°11.102', E108°16.310', 1569 m, 29-XI-2011.

Distribution

W-Java Prov. (Mt. Cakrabuana, Mt. Sawal). Elevation: 990–1593 m.

Etymology

The species is named for arachnologist Cahyo Rahmadi, who collected the first specimens of this species. The epithet is a noun in the genitive case.

Notes

Trigonopterus cahyoi Riedel, sp. n. was coded as “Trigonopterus sp. 320” by Tänzler et al. (2014).

18. Trigonopterus costipennis Riedel, sp. n.

http://zoobank.org/22BB17BD-B217-49A3-8F13-DF9977A37AFD

Diagnostic description

Holotype, male (Fig. 18a). Length 2.32 mm. Color of tarsi and antennae ferruginous; remainder black. Body elongate subovate; in dorsal aspect and in profile with distinct constriction between pronotum and elytron. Rostrum with median ridge and pair of submedian ridges, anteriorly behind epistome scabrous; with sparse rows of suberect setae; epistome with transverse, angulate ridge. Pronotum with subapical constriction; disk coarsely punctate, scabrous; each puncture containing suberect, weakly clavate scale inserting at posterior rim. Elytra with striae marked by deep punctures; in front of each puncture with piliform, erect scale; intervals costate, subglabrous, weakly microreticulate; sutural interval and interval 7 swollen subapically, projecting from outline. Femora edentate. Metafemur subapically without stridulatory patch. Dorsal edge of meso- and metatibia denticulate. Abdominal ventrite 5 flat, microreticulate, almost nude, with few short setae. Penis (Fig. 18b) with apex asymmetrical, tip slightly upcurved and extended to the left; apical extension long; basal orifice ventrally simple; apodemes short, 0.5 × as long as body; ductus ejaculatorius with bulbus. Intraspecific variation. Length 2.04–2.51 mm. Female rostrum dorsally in apical half subglabrous, densely punctate; epistome simple.

Material examined

Holotype (MZB): ARC2470 (EMBL # LM655807), E-Java, Mt. Semeru, road Senduro - Ranupani, sample 4, S08°01.801', E112°59.931', 1430 m, 13-XI-2011. Paratypes (MZB, SMNK, ZSM): E-Java Prov.: 2 exx, ARC2469 (EMBL # LM655806), ARC2472 (EMBL # LM655809), same data as holotype; 2 exx, ARC2471 (EMBL # LM655808), Mt. Semeru, road Senduro - Ranupani, sample 3, S08°02.052', E112°59.356', 1572 m, 13-XI-2011; 6 exx, Mt. Semeru, road Senduro - Ranupani, sample 4, S08°01.801', E112°59.931', 1430 m, 13-XI-2011; 1 ex, Mt. Semeru, road Senduro - Ranupani, sample 5, S08°01.952', E113°00.379', 1345 m, 13-XI-2011; 18 exx, ARC2480 (EMBL # LM655817), ARC2481 (EMBL # LM655818), Kediri, Besuki, Mt. Wilis, sample 1, S07°51.785', E111°50.188', 1379 m, 21-XI-2011; 12 exx, Kediri, Besuki, Mt. Wilis, sample 4, S07°51.852', E111°50.185', 1388 m, 22-XI-2011; 4 exx, ARC2489 (EMBL # LM655826), ARC2490 (EMBL # LM655827), Kediri, Besuki, Mt. Wilis, sample 5, S07°51.650', E111°50.174', 1485 m, 22-XI-2011; 10 exx, Kediri, Besuki, Mt. Wilis, sample 6, S07°51.709', E111°50.100', 1409 m, 22-XI-2011; 15 exx, Kediri, Besuki, Mt. Wilis, sample 7, S07°51.638', E111°50.010', 1432 m, 22-XI-2011.

Distribution

E-Java Prov. (Mt. Semeru, Mt. Wilis). Elevation: 1345–1572 m.

Etymology

This epithet is a combination of the Latin nouns costa (rib, ridge) and penna (elytron) refers to its elytral sculpture.

Notes

Trigonopterus costipennis Riedel, sp. n. was coded as “Trigonopterus sp. 358”.

19. Trigonopterus cuprescens Riedel, sp. n.

http://zoobank.org/25F66BF2-F190-4E36-ADDF-2AD8DE91E94D

Diagnostic description

Holotype, male (Fig. 19a). Length 3.00 mm. Color of legs and antennae ferruginous; remainder black, pronotum and elytron bronze-coppery. Body in dorsal aspect with marked constriction between pronotum and elytron; in profile convex. Rostrum with median ridge; pair of submedian ridges converging and uniting on forehead; intervening furrows each with sparse row of suberect elongate scales; in apical third coarsely punctate; epistome with transverse, angulate ridge. Pronotum with sides subparallel, slightly converging; with distinct, subapical constriction; disk coarsely punctate, reticulate; each puncture containing brown recumbent seta; with pair of submedian impressions, medially swollen, with indistinct median ridge. Elytra with humeri swollen, laterally projecting; striae distinct, deeply impressed; intervals costate, punctate; punctures near base coarse and dense; near middle transverse band polished. Profemur simple; meso- and metafemur with anteroventral ridge forming large, acute tooth. Metafemur subapically with stridulatory patch. Dorsal tibial edge subbasally with indistinct angulation. Abdominal ventrite 5 flat, densely punctate, with erect setae. Penis (Fig. 19b) with sides of body subparallel; apex rounded, with fringe of conglutinate flattened setae, interrupted by glabrous median notch; transfer apparatus compact; apodemes 2.0 × as long as body; ductus ejaculatorius without bulbus. Intraspecific variation. Length 2.72–3.05 mm. Bronze color of pronotum and elytron with slightly greenish or reddish lustre. Female body more slender. Female rostrum dorsally punctate-rugose, with median and pair of submedian subglabrous costae; epistome simple. Female elytron with humeri less prominent, with subapical constriction and apex extended, suture with notch. Female abdominal ventrite 5 with sparse subrecumbent setae.

Material examined

Holotype (MZB): ARC2235 (EMBL # LM655691), East Nusa Tenggara Prov., Flores, Labuhan Bajo, Tebedo, sample 1, S08°29.848', E119°59.633', 525 m, lowland forest, 14-III-2011. Paratypes (MZB, SMNK): Flores, Labuhan Bajo: 3 exx, ARC2233 (EMBL # LM655689), ARC2234 (EMBL # LM655690), same data as holotype; 1 ex, Roe, sample 4, S08°35.442', E120°00.366', 785 m, thick litter under Ficus-tree, 13-III-2011; 1 ex, ARC2215 (EMBL # LM655671), Roe, earthworm-dominated habitat, sample 1, S08°36.540', E120°01.871', 955 m, 13-III-2011.

Distribution

East Nusa Tenggara Prov., Flores (Labuhan Bajo). Elevation: 525–955 m.

Etymology

This epithet is based on the Latin adjective cuprescens (coppery).

Notes

Trigonopterus cuprescens Riedel, sp. n. was coded as “Trigonopterus sp. 347”.

20. Trigonopterus cupreus Riedel, sp. n.

http://zoobank.org/0B67C9C1-52A5-4942-A840-9EE2A787D8D3

Diagnostic description

Holotype, male (Fig. 20a). Length 2.95 mm. Color of legs, head and ventral surface ferruginous; pronotum and elytron reddish coppery. Body in dorsal aspect with marked constriction between pronotum and elytron; in profile dorsally convex. Rostrum in apical half scabrous, coarsely punctate; in basal half with median and pair of submedian ridges; intervening furrows punctate, each with sparse row of erect setae; epistome with transverse, angulate ridge forming distinct median denticle. Pronotum with sides slightly diverging, anterolaterally rounded to subapical constriction; disk with pair of submedian impressions, coarsely punctate, reticulate; each puncture containing inconspicuous seta; with indistinct median ridge. Elytra with humeri swollen, laterally projecting; interval 5 and 6 behind middle swollen, gently projecting from lateral outline; striae indistinct; intervals flat, punctate; at base and apex densely coarsely punctate; transverse band between humeral and subapical swelling less densely punctate. Anteroventral ridge of femora distinct, in meso- and metafemur forming large tooth. Metafemur subapically with stridulatory patch. Dorsal edge of tibiae subbasally with angulation, in protibia with blunt tooth, in mesotibia with acute tooth, in metatibia denticulate. Abdominal ventrite 5 flat, coarsely punctate. Penis (Fig. 20b) with sides of body subparallel; apex subtruncate, weakly rounded; transfer apparatus compact; apodemes 2.4 × as long as body; ductus ejaculatorius with bulbus. Intraspecific variation. Length 2.43–3.05 mm. Color of pronotum bronze, reddish coppery, or greenish. Female rostrum dorsally with glabrous median costa bordered by rows of punctures and sublateral pair of furrows; epistome simple. Female pronotum ca. 1.1 × as wide as long, male pronotum ca. 1.3 × as wide as long. Female elytra subovate, with lateral contour convex to apex, humeri and intervals 5–6 simple.

Material examined

Holotype (MZB): ARC1506 (EMBL # LM655604), West Nusa Tenggara Prov., Sumbawa, Batu Dulang, Mt. Batu Pasak, sample 2, S08°37.028', E117°15.783', 1305 m, 12-IV-2010. Paratypes (MZB, SMNK, ZSM): West Nusa Tenggara Prov., Sumbawa: 6 exx, ARC1505 (EMBL # LM655603), ARC1507 (EMBL # LM655605), ARC1508 (EMBL # LM655606), same data as holotype; 6 exx, Batu Dulang, Mt. Batu Pasak, sample 5, S08°37.005', E117°15.790', 1350 m, 18-IV-2010; 1 ex, ARC3589 (PCR failed), Tepal, Pc. Nengas, sample 7, S08°35.176', E117°08.295', 1490 m, 16-IV-2010.

Distribution

West Nusa Tenggara Prov., Sumbawa (Batu Dulang, Tepal). Elevation: 1305–1350 m.

Etymology

This epithet is based on the Latin adjective cupreus (copper-colored).

Notes

Trigonopterus cupreus Riedel, sp. n. was coded as “Trigonopterus sp. 332”.

21. Trigonopterus dacrycarpi Riedel, sp. n.

http://zoobank.org/FDBF096E-8191-4C66-8DF8-5BF6F5F1BE01

Diagnostic description

Holotype, male (Fig. 21a). Length 2.88 mm. Color ferruginous; dorsal surface of head and pronotum dark ferruginous, center of elytron black with bronze lustre. Body in dorsal aspect with marked constriction between pronotum and elytron; in profile dorsally convex. Rostrum in apical third coarsely punctate; in basal half with median and pair of submedian ridges; intervening furrows punctate, each with sparse row of suberect setae; epistome posteriorly with transverse, angulate ridge forming distinct median denticle. Pronotum with sides subparallel, anteriorly abruptly rounded to subapical constriction; disk coarsely punctate, reticulate; each puncture containing inconspicuous seta; sublaterally each with two sparse clusters of recumbent, elongate, cream-colored scales; with distinct median ridge. Elytra with humeri swollen, laterally projecting; interval 5 in front of middle swollen, dorsally projecting; interval 6 simple; striae indistinct; intervals flat, punctate; subbasally coarsely punctate, with recumbent, yellowish, almond-shaped scales; center less densely punctate with punctures containing minute setae, interspaces polished. Anteroventral ridge of femora distinct, in meso- and metafemur forming large blunt tooth. Metafemur subapically with stridulatory patch. Dorsal edge of tibiae subbasally with angulation. Abdominal ventrite 5 flat, coarsely punctate, basally with rows of upcurved piliform scales. Penis (Fig. 21b) with sides of body subparallel; apex subangulate; transfer apparatus compact; apodemes 1.8 × as long as body; ductus ejaculatorius without bulbus. Intraspecific variation. Length 2.36–3.06 mm. Color of legs and elytral base ferruginous or dark ferruginous, almost black. Female body more slender. Female rostrum dorsally punctate-rugose, with median and pair of submedian subglabrous costae; epistome simple. Female elytra subovate, without swellings, lateral contour convex, humeri simple; scales near base indistinct.

Material examined

Holotype (MZB): ARC1527 (EMBL # LM655625), West Nusa Tenggara Prov., Sumbawa, Batu Dulang, Mt. Batu Pasak, sample 3, S08°37.524', E117°15.423', 1385 m, 18-IV-2010. Paratypes (MZB, SMNK, ZSM): 2 exx, ARC1525 (EMBL # LM655623), ARC1526 (EMBL # LM655624), same data as holotype; 1 ex, Batu Dulang, Mt. Batu Pasak, sample 5, S08°37.005', E117°15.790', 1350 m, 18-IV-2010; 1 ex, ARC1532 (EMBL # LM655630), Sumbawa, Tepal, Pc. Nengas, sample 7, S08°35.176', E117°08.295', 1490 m, 16-IV-2010; 13 exx, ARC2200 (EMBL # LM655656), ARC2201 (EMBL # LM655657), ARC2202 (EMBL # LM655658), ARC2203 (EMBL # LM655659), Flores, Mt. Ranaka, sample 8, S08°37.781', E120°31.184', 1730 m, 10-III-2011; 1 ex, ARC2194 (EMBL # LM655650), Flores, Lake Ranamese, sample 3, S08°37.024', E120°33.400', 1270 m, 08-III-2011.

Distribution

West Nusa Tenggara Prov., Sumbawa (Batu Dulang, Tepal), East Nusa Tenggara Prov., Flores (Mt. Ranaka, L. Ranamese). Elevation: 1270–1730 m.

Etymology

This epithet is based on the name of Dacrycarpus trees under which this weevil was usually sifted – it may however feed on other plants occurring in the same habitat.

Notes

Trigonopterus dacrycarpi Riedel, sp. n. was coded as “Trigonopterus sp. 329”. Cox1 sequences of the populations from Sumbawa and Flores differ 7.5–9.7% p-distance, but morphologically no differences could be found.

22. Trigonopterus delapan Riedel, sp. n.

http://zoobank.org/59669DF0-410D-4A9D-B8AF-239E93651713

Diagnostic description

Holotype, male (Fig. 22a). Length 2.04 mm. Color of antennae and tarsi ferruginous; remainder black. Body subovate, in dorsal aspect and in profile with weak constriction between pronotum and elytron. Rostrum with median ridge and pair of indistinct submedian ridges, intervening furrows each with sparse row of mesad directed setae; anterior third scabrous; epistome with transverse ridge. Pronotum coarsely punctate, laterally reticulate, submedially interspaces longitudinally rugose, with median costa; with sparse, suberect, slender scales. Elytra with striae deeply impressed; each with row of slender suberect setae; suture broadly sunk-in, dull microreticulate; intervals costate, subglabrous. Femora with simple, crenate anteroventral ridge. Metafemur subapically with stridulatory patch. Metatibia apically with uncus, without premucro. Abdominal ventrite 5 sparsely punctate, microreticulate, in basal third with median carina. Penis (Fig. 22b) with sides of body subparallel; containing sclerite of an inverted V; apex sparsely setose, with median, subtriangular extension; transfer apparatus compact, symmetrical; transfer process spiniform, pointing to apex of endophallus; apodemes 2.6 × as long as body; ductus ejaculatorius without bulbus. Intraspecific variation. Length 2.04–2.08 mm. Color of body dark ferruginous to black. Female rostrum in apical half dorsally subglabrous, punctate; epistome simple. Female abdominal ventrite 5 near base weakly swollen.

Material examined

Holotype (MZB): ARC2242 (EMBL # LM655697), East Nusa Tenggara Prov., Flores Isl., Labuhan Bajo, Tebedo, sample 1, S08°29.848', E119°59.633', 525 m, 14-III-2011. Paratypes (MZB, SMNK): 7 exx, ARC2591 (EMBL # LM655900), ARC2592 (EMBL # LM655901), ARC3636 (EMBL # LM656058), same data as holotype.

Distribution

East Nusa Tenggara Prov., Flores (Labuhan Bajo). Elevation: 525 m.

Etymology

This epithet is based on the Indonesian word for “eight” and is treated as a noun in apposition.

Notes

Trigonopterus delapan Riedel, sp. n. was coded as “Trigonopterus sp. 298” by Tänzler et al. (2014).

23. Trigonopterus dentipes Riedel, sp. n.

http://zoobank.org/550B7704-235F-40E4-B006-49B32D239AF6

Diagnostic description

Holotype, male (Fig. 23a). Length 3.84 mm. Color of antennae ferruginous; basal third of elytra and legs dark ferruginous; remainder black. Body in dorsal aspect with marked constriction between pronotum and elytron; in profile dorsally flat, apically convex. Rostrum with median and pair of submedian ridges; intervening furrows each with sparse row of erect piliform scales; epistome with transverse ridge forming submedian pair of small denticles. Pronotum with sides subparallel, rounded to indistinct subapical constriction; disk densely punctate, reticulate; with indistinct median ridge; with swelling in anterior half. Elytra with striae near base and apex distinct; intervals partly swollen or with coarse punctures each bearing small, suberect, cream-colored scale; transverse band at middle with indistinct striae, intervals subglabrous, sparsely punctate; apex subangulate. Anteroventral ridge of femora forming large tooth. Metafemur subapically with stridulatory patch. Dorsal edge of tibiae with subbasal angulation dentate. Abdominal ventrites 1–2 concave, subglabrous; abdominal ventrite 5 flat, coarsely punctate, with sparse erect piliform scales. Penis (Fig. 23b) with sides of body subparallel; apex bisinuate, with median notch; transfer apparatus compact, symmetrical, but slightly tilted to the left; apodemes 2.5 × as long as body; ductus ejaculatorius without bulbus. Intraspecific variation. Length 3.04–4.04 mm. Coloration of elytral base ranging from orange-ferruginous to dark ferruginous and almost black. Female rostrum with median and pair of submedian glabrous costae; epistome simple. Female elytra more slender, with lateral contour convex to apex; punctures sparser and smaller than in male; male elytra relatively broad between humeri, converging in almost straight line to apex.

Material examined

Holotype (MZB): ARC1468 (EMBL # LM655566), West Nusa Tenggara Prov., Lombok, Tetebatu, Rinjani-trail from Orong Gerisak, sample 7, S08°29.433', E116°24.746', 1240 m, 04-IV-2010 (MZB). Paratypes (ARC, MZB, SMNK, ZSM): Lombok: 4 exx, ARC0163, N Tetebatu, 1200-1450 m, 07-XII-2004; 1 ex, ARC1461 (EMBL # LM655559), Tetebatu, Rinjani-trail from Orong Gerisak, sample 6, S08°29.577', E116°24.782', 1195 m, 04-IV-2010; 2 exx, ARC1474 (EMBL # LM655572), ARC1475 (EMBL # LM655573), Tetebatu, Rinjani-trail from Orong Gerisak, sample 5, S08°30.096', E116°25.062', 1010 m, 04-IV-2010; 1 ex, ARC2270 (EMBL # LM655724), Senaru, Rinjani-track, sample 6, S08°19.359', E116°24.070', 860 m, 23-III-2011; 4 exx, ARC2271 (EMBL # LM655725), ARC2272 (EMBL # LM655726), ARC2273 (EMBL # LM655727), Santong, Rinjani-track, sample 1, S08°20.715', E116°19.695', 830 m, 24-III-2011; 1 ex, Santong, Rinjani-track, sample 2, S08°20.813', E116°19.778', 870 m, 24-III-2011; 1 ex, ARC2283 (EMBL # LM655737), Santong, Rinjani-track, sample 3, S08°20.996', E116°20.001', 960 m, 25-III-2011; 2 exx, ARC2284 (EMBL # LM655738), Santong, Rinjani-track, sample 4, S08°21.160', E116°20.067', 1005 m, 25-III-2011.

Distribution

West Nusa Tenggara Prov., Lombok (Santong, Senaru, Tetebatu). Elevation: 830–1240 m.

Etymology

This epithet is based on the combination of the Latin nouns dens (tooth) and pes (foot).

Notes

Trigonopterus dentipes Riedel, sp. n. was coded as “Trigonopterus sp. 322” by Tänzler et al. (2014).

24. Trigonopterus diengensis Riedel, sp. n.

http://zoobank.org/E14C9035-0C32-49B0-BAA5-F23715A72CF6

Diagnostic description

Holotype, male (Fig. 24a). Length 2.14 mm. Color of antennae and legs ferruginous; remainder black. Body subovate; in dorsal aspect and in profile with distinct constriction between pronotum and elytron. Rostrum in apical half rugose-punctate, in basal half with median ridge and pair of submedian ridges; with sparse suberect scales; epistome simple. Pronotum with shallow subapical constriction; disk coarsely punctate, scabrous; each puncture containing suberect spatulate scale inserting at posterior rim. Elytra with striae marked by deep punctures; in front of each puncture with elongate-claviform, erect scale; intervals tuberculate, partly transversely corrugate, subglabrous; interval 7 subapically costate; sutural interval more distinctly raised. Meso- and metafemur ventrally weakly dentate. Metafemur subapically without stridulatory patch. Abdominal ventrite 5 flat, with sparse transverse rows of setae. Penis (Fig. 24b) with apex asymmetrically extended to the left; apical extension of medium-size; basal orifice ventrally with rim; apodemes short, 0.5 × as long as body; ductus ejaculatorius with bulbus. Intraspecific variation. Length 1.92–2.36 mm. Female rostrum dorsally in apical half subglabrous, densely punctate; epistome simple.

Material examined

Holotype (MZB): ARC0290 (EMBL # LM655480), C-Java Prov., N slopes of Dieng figau, Petungkriyono, mountain N Tinalum, sample 1, S07°06.418', E109°44.514', 1115 m, 22-VIII-2006. Paratypes (MZB, SMNK, ZSM): 13 exx, ARC0288 (EMBL # LM655478), ARC0289 (EMBL # LM655479), ARC0291 (EMBL # LM655481), ARC0292 (EMBL # LM655482), same data as holotype.

Distribution

C-Java Prov. (Dieng). Elevation: 1115 m.

Etymology

This epithet is based on the type locality.

Notes

Trigonopterus diengensis Riedel, sp. n. was coded as “Trigonopterus sp. 335”.

25. Trigonopterus dimorphus Riedel, sp. n.

http://zoobank.org/65E77834-0FD3-4A27-9EE0-E7DA25BB9594

Diagnostic description

Holotype, male (Fig. 25a). Length 3.80 mm. Color of tarsi, tibiae and antennae ferruginous, remainder black. Body elongate; in dorsal aspect with marked constriction between pronotum and elytron; in profile dorsally evenly convex. Rostrum with median carina terminating on forehead and pair of submedian ridges; intervening furrows each with row of erect piliform scales; epistome with transverse, angulate ridge. Pronotum anterolaterally projecting, rounded; with subapical constriction; disk densely punctate, interspaces subglabrous; each puncture containing recumbent seta; disk with pair of submedian, shallow impressions. Elytra with striae weakly impressed, partly indistinct; intervals flat; punctation confused, more dense towards base, near basal margin punctures partly confluent; each puncture containing small recumbent seta; interspaces microreticulate; interval 7 swollen subapically, laterally weakly projecting; sutural interval at apex markedly swollen, forming pair of rounded apical protrusions. Anteroventral ridge of femora forming blunt tooth. Metafemur subapically with stridulatory patch. Abdominal ventrite 5 with broad impression, densely punctate, setose with erect setae. Penis (Fig. 25b) with sides of body subparallel; apex broadly rounded; transfer apparatus distinct, compact; apodemes 1.6 × as long as body; ductus ejaculatorius without bulbus. Intraspecific variation. Length 2.94–3.80 mm. Integument of males dull, microreticulate; females with punctures sparser and smaller, interspaces polished. Female rostrum dorsally with glabrous median costa bordered by submedian and sublateral pairs of furrows; epistome simple. Female elytra with lateral contour evenly convex to apex; male elytra with lateral contour at humeri subangulate, in straight line to apex. Female abdominal ventrite 5 flat.

Material examined

Holotype (MZB): ARC0211 (EMBL # LM655433), West Java Prov., Mt. Halimun N.P., Citalahab, sample 2, S06°44.503', E106°31.550', 1200 m, 12-IX-2005. Paratypes (ARC, MZB, SMNK): W-Java Prov., Mt. Halimun N.P.: 3 exx, ARC0101, W-Java Prov., Mt. Halimun N.P., Citalahab, S06°44.503', E106°31.550', 1150 m, 20-21-IX-2004; 10 exx, ARC0212 (EMBL # LM655434), ARC0213 (EMBL # LM655435), same data as holotype; 1 ex, Citalahab, sample 1, S06°44.423', E106°31.738', 1100 m, 12-IX-2005; 2 exx, ARC0170, N Ciptarasa, sample 3, S06°49.867', E106°30.085', 1100 m, 19-IX-2005; 2 exx, ARC0216 (EMBL # LM655438), ARC0217 (EMBL # LM655439), Panguyangan, Mt. Talaga, ca.1000 m, 17-IX-2005.

Distribution

W-Java Prov. (Mt. Halimun N.P.). Elevation: 1000–1200 m.

Etymology

This epithet is a combination of the prefix di- (two, double) and the adjective derived from the Greek morphe (gestalt).

Notes

Trigonopterus dimorphus Riedel, sp. n. was coded as “Trigonopterus sp. 293”.

26. Trigonopterus disruptus Riedel, sp. n.

http://zoobank.org/0F1402DF-2CDC-4601-9037-0D1B81665305

Diagnostic description

Holotype, male (Fig. 26a). Length 2.78 mm. Color of antennae light ferruginous, legs dark ferruginous; remainder black. Body subovate, in dorsal aspect with weak constriction between pronotum and elytron; profile dorsally convex. Rostrum with median ridge and pair of submedian ridges, intervening furrows each with row of coarse punctures and sparse row of mesad directed setae; epistome with transverse subangulate ridge. Pronotum dorsally longitudinally rugose, with median costa; furrows containing sparse rows of mesad directed slender scales; laterally coarsely punctate. Elytra with striae distinct, marked by rows of punctures; each containing small white bristle, partly abraded; laterally punctures larger; intervals flat, subglabrous. Femora with simple anteroventral ridge. Metafemur subapically with stridulatory patch. Abdominal ventrite 5 at middle with shallow, densely punctate impression, with suberect scales. Penis (Fig. 26b) with sides of body slightly converging; apex subangulate, with median, subtriangular extension; dorsally behind orifice with distinct median carina, projecting convex in profile; transfer apparatus with pair of elongate, crescent-shaped sclerites; apodemes 2.8 × as long as body; ductus ejaculatorius without bulbus. Intraspecific variation. Length 2.40–2.95 mm. Color of elytra with more or less distinct bronze lustre. Female rostrum in apical half dorsally subglabrous, with submedian row of minute punctures; epistome simple. Elytra with striae as in holotype, or punctures of striae subbasally corrugate (two specimens from Tetebatu), or striae markedly impressed and intervals costate (two specimens from Senaru). Female abdominal ventrite 5 flat.

Material examined

Holotype (MZB): ARC1490 (EMBL # LM655588), West Nusa Tenggara Prov., Lombok, road between Sembalun and Sapit, sample 5, S08°26.453', E116°31.859', 1195 m, 31-III-2010. Paratypes (MZB, SMNK, ZSM): West Nusa Tenggara Prov., Lombok: 1 ex, ARC1491 (EMBL # LM655589), same data as holotype; 1 ex, ARC1486 (EMBL # LM655584), road between Sembalun and Sapit, sample 1, S08°25.110', E116°31.947', 1450 m, 30-III-2010; 2 exx, ARC1488 (EMBL # LM655586), road between Sembalun and Sapit, sample 4, S08°25.331', E116°31.841', 1405 m, 31-III-2010; 1 ex, ARC1460 (EMBL # LM655558), Tetebatu, Rinjani-trail from Orong Gerisak, sample 6, S08°29.577', E116°24.782', 1195 m, 04-IV-2010; 5 exx, ARC0164, Tetebatu, Rinjani-trail, 1200-1450 m, 07-XII-2004; 2 exx, ARC1466 (EMBL # LM655564), ARC1467 (EMBL # LM655565), sample 7, S08°29.433', E116°24.746', 1240 m, 04-IV-2010; 1 ex, ARC1485 (EMBL # LM655583), Sesaot, Rinjani-trail, sample 3, S08°29.841', E116°13.679', 625 m, 28-III-2010; 1 ex, ARC2265 (EMBL # LM655719), Senaru, Rinjani-trail, sample 4, S08°20.439', E116°24.047', 1240 m, 21-III-2011; 1 ex, ARC2266 (EMBL # LM655720), Senaru, Rinjani-trail, sample 5, S08°19.800', E116°24.107', 1015 m, 21-III-2011; 2 exx, Lombok, Senaru, Rinjani-track, sample 6, S08°19.359', E116°24.070', 860 m, 23-III-2011; 5 exx, ARC2269 (EMBL # LM655723), Senaru, Rinjani-trail, sample 7, S08°19.643', E116°24.033', 935 m, 23-III-2011; 7 exx, Senaru, Rinjani-trail, sample 8, S08°19.719', E116°24.040', 955 m, 23-III-2011; 7 exx, ARC2275 (EMBL # LM655729), ARC2276 (EMBL # LM655730), Santong, Rinjani-trail, sample 1, S08°20.715', E116°19.695', 830 m, 24-III-2011; 2 exx, Santong, Rinjani-track, sample 2, S08°20.813', E116°19.778', 870 m, 24-III-2011; 2 exx, Santong, Rinjani-track, sample 3, S08°20.996', E116°20.001', 960 m, 24-III-2011; 2 exx, Santong, Rinjani-track, sample 4, S08°21.160', E116°20.067', 1005 m, 25-III-2011; 1 ex, Santong, Rinjani-track, sample 6, S08°21.754', E116°20.476', 1315 m, 25-III-2011; 2 exx, ARC2286 (EMBL # LM655740), ARC2287 (EMBL # LM655741), Sajang, sample 1, S08°19.370', E116°29.570', 845 m, 26-III-2011; 4 exx, Mt. Rinjani, Bawnau, near Sembalun, sample 1, S08°21.136', E116°29.257', 1140 m, 26-III-2011; 3 exx, Mt. Rinjani, Bawnau, near Sembalun, S08°21.136', E116°29.257', 1140 m, collected from foliage, 26-III-2011; 2 exx, ARC2291 (EMBL # LM655745), ARC2292 (EMBL # LM655746), Sajang, sample 1, S08°21.136', E116°29.257', 1140 m, 26-III-2011; 4 exx, Mt. Pengasingan, SE Sembalun, sample 2, S08°19.354', E116°30.530', 945 m, 27-III-2011; 1 ex, Mt. Pengasingan, SE Sembalun, sample 3, S08°19.445', E116°30.603', 1005 m, 27-III-2011; 4 exx, ARC2299 (EMBL # LM655753), ARC2300 (EMBL # LM655754), Gn. Pengasingan, SE Sembalun, sample 4, S08°19.504', E116°30.767', 1035 m, 27-III-2011.

Distribution

West Nusa Tenggara Prov., Lombok (Mt. Pengasingan, Sajang, Santong, Sembalun, Senaru, Sesaot, Tetebatu). Elevation: 625–1450 m.

Etymology

This epithet is based on the Latin participle disruptus (broken apart) and refers to its phylogeography which appears to reflect the division of the species in two populations.

Notes

Trigonopterus disruptus Riedel, sp. n. was coded as “Trigonopterus sp. 292” by Tänzler et al. (2014).

27. Trigonopterus dua Riedel, sp. n.

http://zoobank.org/CF312224-7D32-4057-A0D3-0238FF8F7478

Diagnostic description

Holotype, male (Fig. 27a). Length 1.82 mm. Color of antennae and tarsi ferruginous; remainder black. Body subovate, in dorsal aspect and in profile with weak constriction between pronotum and elytron. Rostrum with median ridge and pair of indistinct submedian ridges, intervening furrows each with sparse row of mesad directed setae; epistome simple. Pronotum coarsely punctate, rugose, with median costa; with sparse, slender, subrecumbent scales. Elytra with striae deeply impressed, each with row of short suberect scales; intervals costate, subglabrous; in basal half incised suture bordered by row of punctures. Femora with simple, crenate anteroventral ridge. Metafemur subapically with stridulatory patch. Metatibia apically with slender, slightly posteriad curved uncus; with premucro. Abdominal ventrite 5 flat, coarsely punctate. Penis (Fig. 27b) with sides of body subparallel; apical 1/5 broadly angulate, subglabrous, medially rounded and sparsely setose; transfer apparatus compact, symmetrical; apodemes 2.6 × as long as body; ductus ejaculatorius without bulbus. Intraspecific variation. Length 1.82–1.88 mm. Female rostrum in apical half dorsally subglabrous, sparsely punctate.

Material examined

Holotype (MZB): ARC2232 (EMBL # LM655688), East Nusa Tenggara Prov., Flores Isl., Labuhan Bajo, Roe, sample 3, S08°36.259', E120°01.539', 975 m, 13-III-2011. Paratypes (MZB, SMNK, ZSM): Flores Isl., Labuhan Bajo: 1 ex, ARC2217 (EMBL # LM655673), Roe, sample 1, S08°36.540', E120°01.871', 955 m, earthworm-dominated habitat, 13-III-2011; 2 exx, ARC2589 (EMBL # LM655898), ARC3626 (EMBL # LM656056), Roe, sample 3, S08°36.259', E120°01.539', 975 m, 13-III-2011; 1 ex, ARC2226 (EMBL # LM655682), Roe, sample 5, S08°35.395', E120°00.383', 790 m, 13-III-2011; 1 ex, same data as holotype; 3 exx, ARC2244 (EMBL # LM655699), ARC2593 (EMBL # LM655902), ARC2594 (EMBL # LM655903), Tebedo, sample 1, S08°29.848', E119°59.633', 525 m, 14-III-2011.

Distribution

East Nusa Tenggara Prov., Flores (Labuhan Bajo). Elevation: 525–975 m.

Etymology

This epithet is based on the Indonesian word for “two” and is treated as a noun in apposition.

Notes

Trigonopterus dua Riedel, sp. n. was coded as “Trigonopterus sp. 284”.

28. Trigonopterus duabelas Riedel, sp. n.

http://zoobank.org/5BE6A9EF-9228-4BF8-9EAF-B8B9DB1692A5

Diagnostic description

Holotype, male (Fig. 28a). Length 2.80 mm. Color of tarsi and antenna ferruginous, remainder black. Body elongate; in dorsal aspect with marked constriction between pronotum and elytron; with distinct constriction in profile. Rostrum dorsally microreticulate, dull; with median ridge and pair of indistinct submedian ridges; intervening furrows each with row of erect scales; epistome with transverse, angulate ridge forming distinct median denticle. Pronotum anterolaterally angularly projecting; with distinct subapical constriction; disk coarsely punctate, punctures each with one erect seta; interspaces microreticulate; with median ridge. Elytra with striae deeply impressed, each with row of suberect scales; intervals irregularly costate, partly tuberculate, nude, weakly microreticulate; interval 7 swollen subapically, laterally weakly projecting; sutural interval subapically with minute tooth. Femora edentate. Metafemur subapically with stridulatory patch and transverse ridge. Abdominal ventrite 5 densely punctate, setose, in apical half with impression. Penis (Fig. 28b) in profile markedly curved; in dorsal aspect body slender, sides subparallel; ventral edge of apex retracted, with median extension small, dentiform; transfer apparatus flagelliform, 1.9 × as long as body; apodemes 2.2 × as long as body; ductus ejaculatorius without bulbus. Intraspecific variation. Length 2.2–2.8 mm. Color of legs entirely ferruginous in specimens from Mt. Slamet; sutural interval ferruginous or black. Female rostrum dorsally with pairs of lateral and submedian furrows; epistome simple. Elytral interval 3 more or less swollen. Female abdominal ventrite 5 flat. Penis with flagelliform transfer apparatus 1.7–1.9 × longer than body.

Material examined

Holotype (MZB): ARC0284 (EMBL # LM655474), C-Java Prov., N slopes of Dieng figau, Petungkriyono, Mt. Deles, sample 1, S07°08.221', E109°43.599', 1505 m, 24-VIII-2006. Paratypes (MZB, SMNK): C-Java Prov.: ARC0283 (EMBL # LM655473), same data as holotype; 2 exx, ARC2491 (EMBL # LM655828), ARC2492 (EMBL # LM655829), Mt. Slamet, Guci, sample 2, S07°13.255', E109°11.005', 1858 m, 26-XI-2011; 4 exx, ARC2493 (EMBL # LM655830), ARC2494 (EMBL # LM655831), ARC2495 (EMBL # LM655832), Mt. Slamet, Guci, sample 6, S07°11.983', E109°10.556', 1671 m, 27-XI-2011; 1 ex, Mt. Slamet, Guci, sample 7, S07°11.906', E109°10.486', 1653 m, 27-XI-2011.

Distribution

C-Java Prov. (Dieng, Mt. Slamet). Elevation: 1505–1858 m.

Etymology

This epithet is based on the Indonesian word for “twelve” and is treated as a noun in apposition.

Notes

Trigonopterus duabelas Riedel, sp. n. was coded as “Trigonopterus sp. 444”. Cox1 sequences of the populations from Dieng and Mt. Slamet differ 4.6–5.4 % p-distance, but no distinct morphological differences could be found.

29. Trigonopterus echinatus Riedel, sp. n.

http://zoobank.org/354FC9B5-0CC9-416F-8679-4A7860911EF4

Diagnostic description

Holotype, male (Fig. 29a). Length 1.88 mm. Color of legs and head ferruginous; remainder black, pronotum dull, elytra with bronze lustre. Body subovate; in dorsal aspect and in profile with distinct constriction between pronotum and elytron. Rostrum in apical half granulate-punctate, in basal half with irregular median ridge and pair of submedian ridges; with sparse suberect scales; epistome with transverse, angulate ridge. Pronotum with shallow subapical constriction; disk coarsely punctate; each puncture containing erect clavate scale inserting at posterior rim; with short median ridge. Elytra with striae marked by deep punctures; in front of each puncture with elongate-claviform, erect scale; intervals weakly costate, subglabrous; interval 7 subapically forming denticulate ridge; sutural interval simple. Femora edentate. Metafemur subapically without stridulatory patch. Abdominal ventrite 5 flat, microreticulate, sparsely setose. Penis (Fig. 29b) with apex asymmetrically extended to the right; apical extension long; basal orifice ventrally without rim; apodemes short, 0.5 × as long as body; ductus ejaculatorius with bulbus. Intraspecific variation. Length 1.72–2.04 mm. Color of elytra with bronze lustre more or less distinct. Female rostrum dorsally in apical half subglabrous, with small punctures; epistome simple.

Material examined

Holotype (MZB): ARC0204 (EMBL # LM655426), W-Java Prov., Ciamis, Mt. Sawal, Batu Cakra, sample 1, S07°14.920', E108°15.762', 990 m, 01-X-2005. Paratypes (MZB, SMNK): W-Java Prov.: 1 ex, ARC2503 (EMBL # LM655840), Ciamis, Panjalu, Tembong, Mt. Sawal, sample 1, S07°10.528', E108°16.423', 1314 m, sifted; 8 exx, ARC2696 (EMBL # LM655952), ARC2697 (EMBL # LM655953), ARC2698 (EMBL # LM655954), Garut, Cikajang, Mt. Payung, sample 1, S07°25.345', E107°48.825', 1085 m, 26-IV-2012.

Distribution

W-Java Prov. (Mt. Payung, Mt. Sawal). Elevation: 990–1314 m.

Etymology

This epithet is based on the Latin adjective echinatus (prickly) and refers to the species´ erect scales that resemble spines.

Notes

Trigonopterus echinatus Riedel, sp. n. was coded as “Trigonopterus sp. 337”.

30. Trigonopterus empat Riedel, sp. n.

http://zoobank.org/D9101D8E-AE49-4C01-8DB7-53ABA8170CB1

Diagnostic description

Holotype, male (Fig. 30a). Length 2.24 mm. Color of antennae and tarsi ferruginous; remainder dark ferruginous to black; elytra with slight bronze lustre. Body subovate, in dorsal aspect and in profile with weak constriction between pronotum and elytron. Rostrum with median ridge and pair of submedian ridges, intervening furrows each with sparse row of mesad directed scales; epistome with transverse subangulate ridge. Pronotum coarsely punctate, interspaces longitudinally rugose; with median costa; with sparse, suberect scales. Elytra with striae deeply impressed, each with row of slender suberect scales; intervals costate, subglabrous; in basal half incised suture bordered by row of punctures. Femora with simple, crenate anteroventral ridge. Metafemur subapically with stridulatory patch. Metatibia apically with uncus, without premucro. Abdominal ventrite 5 flat, coarsely punctate. Penis (Fig. 30b) with sides of body subparallel; apex broadly angulate, medially rounded and sparsely setose; in apical third with pair of elongate sclerites converging to orifice; transfer apparatus compact, symmetrical; apodemes 1.8 × as long as body; ductus ejaculatorius without bulbus. Intraspecific variation. Length 2.18–2.24 mm. Female unknown.

Material examined

Holotype (MZB): ARC2192 (EMBL # LM655648), East Nusa Tenggara Prov., Flores Isl., Ruteng, Danau Ranamese, sample 1, S08°37.705', E120°33.702', 1320 m, 08-III-2011. Paratypes (SMNK): Flores Isl., Ruteng, Mt. Ranaka: 1 ex, ARC2583 (EMBL # LM655892), sample 9, S08°37.641', E120°31.204', 1685 m, 10-III-2011.

Distribution

East Nusa Tenggara Prov., Flores (Ruteng). Elevation: 1320–1685 m.

Etymology

This epithet is based on the Indonesian word for “four” and is treated as a noun in apposition.

Notes

Trigonopterus empat Riedel, sp. n. was coded as “Trigonopterus sp. 303” by Tänzler et al. (2014).

31. Trigonopterus enam Riedel, sp. n.

http://zoobank.org/F541E096-1E30-4C72-A211-36F357CEE881

Diagnostic description

Holotype, male (Fig. 31a). Length 2.06 mm. Color of antennae, tarsi and tibiae ferruginous; remainder black. Body subovate, in dorsal aspect and in profile with weak constriction between pronotum and elytron. Rostrum with median ridge and pair of indistinct submedian ridges, intervening furrows each with sparse row of mesad directed setae; epistome with transverse subangulate ridge. Pronotum coarsely punctate, rugose, with median costa; with sparse, subrecumbent scales. Elytra with striae deeply impressed, each with row of slender suberect scales; intervals costate, subglabrous; incised suture bordered by row of punctures. Femora with simple, crenate anteroventral ridge. Metafemur subapically with stridulatory patch. Metatibia apically with uncus, without premucro. Abdominal ventrite 5 coarsely punctate. Penis (Fig. 31b) with sides of body subparallel; apex broadly angulate, medially rounded and sparsely setose; transfer apparatus compact, symmetrical; apodemes 1.9 × as long as body; ductus ejaculatorius without bulbus. Intraspecific variation. Length 2.06–2.24 mm. Color of body partly ferruginous or black. Female rostrum in apical half dorsally subglabrous, punctate; epistome simple.

Material examined

Holotype (MZB): ARC2224 (EMBL # LM655680), East Nusa Tenggara Prov., Flores Isl., Labuhan Bajo, Roe, sample 5, S08°35.395', E120°00.383', 790 m, 13-III-2011 (MZB). Paratypes (SMNK, ZSM): Flores Isl., Labuhan Bajo: 2 exx, ARC2587 (EMBL # LM655896), ARC2588 (EMBL # LM655897), Roe, sample 2, S08°36.338', E120°01.637', 965 m, 13-III-2011; 1 ex, ARC3625 (EMBL # LM656055), Roe, sample 3, S08°36.259', E120°01.539', 975 m, 13-III-2011.

Distribution

East Nusa Tenggara Prov., Flores (Labuhan Bajo). Elevation: 790–965 m.

Etymology

This epithet is based on the Indonesian word for “six” and is treated as a noun in apposition.

Notes

Trigonopterus enam Riedel, sp. n. was coded as “Trigonopterus sp. 295” by Tänzler et al. (2014).

32. Trigonopterus fissitarsis Riedel, sp. n.

http://zoobank.org/935EA83F-0707-4FB1-A87B-29C3C04D1399

Diagnostic description

Holotype, male (Fig. 32a). Length 2.04 mm. Color of antennae ferruginous, legs dark ferruginous; remainder black. Body subovate, in dorsal aspect and in profile with weak constriction between pronotum and elytron. Rostrum in basal half with median ridge and pair of submedian ridges, intervening furrows each with sparse row of mesad directed setae; in apical third weakly scabrous; epistome simple. Pronotum coarsely punctate, laterally reticulate, submedially interspaces longitudinally rugose, with median costa; with sparse, slender, subrecumbent scales. Elytra with striae deeply impressed, with row of coarse punctures, each puncture containing suberect seta; intervals costate, subglabrous; incised suture bordered by row of punctures. Femora with simple, crenate anteroventral ridge. Metafemur subapically with stridulatory patch. Meso- and metatibia with posterior surface subglabrous, sparsely setose. Protarsi with tarsomere 3 enlarged, medially deeply incised. Abdominal ventrite 5 flat, coarsely punctate, medially and subapically subglabrous. Penis (Fig. 32b) in basal half with marked constriction, in apical half sides of body subparallel; apex medially with distinct spine, with anterolateral subangular flanges; transfer apparatus compact, symmetrical; apodemes 2.3 × as long as body; ductus ejaculatorius without bulbus. Intraspecific variation. Length 2.04–2.14 mm. Female unknown.

Material examined

Holotype (MZB): ARC2211 (EMBL # LM655667), East Nusa Tenggara Prov., Flores Isl., Ruteng, Danau Ranamese, sample 6, S08°38.370', E120°33.798', 1215 m, 11-III-2011. Paratypes (SMNK): 1 ex, ARC2212 (EMBL # LM655668), same data as holotype.

Distribution

East Nusa Tenggara Prov., Flores (Lake Ranamese). Elevation: 1215 m.

Etymology

This epithet is based on a combination of the Latin adjective fissus (cleft) and the Greek noun tarsos and refers to the shape of the protarsi.

Notes

Trigonopterus fissitarsis Riedel, sp. n. was coded as “Trigonopterus sp. 290” by Tänzler et al. (2014).

33. Trigonopterus florensis Riedel, sp. n.

http://zoobank.org/40D2DD79-FF31-49D5-B45A-A89B47F5A0F1

Diagnostic description

Holotype, male (Fig. 33a). Length 1.72 mm. Color of antennae and tarsi ferruginous, remainder black. Body in dorsal aspect with marked constriction between pronotum and elytron; with distinct constriction in profile. Rostrum with median ridge and pair of submedian ridges, anteriorly coarsely punctate-scabrous; epistome with transverse, subangulate ridge. Pronotum with subapical constriction; disk coarsely punctate-reticulate, sparsely setose; with pair of curved sublateral impressions; medially swollen. Elytra relatively compact; with striae deeply impressed, each with row of short suberect bristles; intervals costate, subglabrous; apex narrow, rounded. Femora each with small tooth. Metafemur subapically with stridulatory patch. Abdominal ventrite 5 coarsely punctate, with shallow median impression bordered by pair of weak longitudinal costae. Penis (Fig. 33b) with sides subparallel, in apical third markedly converging to narrow subglabrous apex; transfer apparatus flagelliform, 3.9 × as long as body; apodemes 3.5 × as long as body; ductus ejaculatorius torn and apical portion missing. Intraspecific variation. Length 1.48–2.04 mm. Color of elytra dark ferruginous to black. Female rostrum dorsally in apical half subglabrous, with submedian rows of sparse minute punctures, with dorsolateral pair of furrows; epistome simple. Pronotum in smaller specimens narrower, in large specimens wider. Elytra in larger specimens with humeri more distinctly subangularly projecting laterad, in smaller specimens evenly rounded; intervals weakly costate in smaller specimens, markedly costate or carinate in larger specimens. Penis with flagelliform transfer apparatus 3.9–4.0 × as long as body; apodemes 3.2–3.7 × as long as body.

Material examined

Holotype (MZB): ARC3618 (EMBL # LM656048), East Nusa Tenggara Prov., Flores, Ruteng, Mt. Ranaka, sample 1, S08°37.321', E120°31.463' 1535 m, 08-III-2011. Paratypes (MZB, SMNK, ZSM): Flores: 3 exx, ARC3616 (EMBL # LM656046), ARC3617 (EMBL # LM656047), ARC3619 (EMBL # LM656049), same data as holotype; 2 exx, ARC2189 (EMBL # LM655646), ARC2190 (EMBL # LM655647), Ruteng, Lake Ranamese, sample 1, S08°37.705', E120°33.702', 1320 m, 08-III-2011; 1 ex, ARC3621 (EMBL # LM656051), Ruteng, Lake Ranamese, sample 4, S08°37.705', E120°33.702', 1250 m, 08-III-2011; 2 exx, ARC2210 (EMBL # LM655666), ARC3620 (EMBL # LM656050), Ruteng, Golo Lusang, sample 1, S08°39.864', E120°27.322', 1590 m, 11-III-2011.

Distribution

East Nusa Tenggara Prov., Flores (Golo Lusang, Mt. Ranaka, Lake Ranamese). Elevation: 1250–1590 m.

Etymology

This epithet is based on the island of Flores.

Notes

Trigonopterus florensis Riedel, sp. n. was coded as “Trigonopterus sp. 440”. Morphologically it is very similar to T. pseudoflorensis Riedel, sp. n. and T. paraflorensis Riedel, sp. n. but its cox1 sequences differ 6.69%, respectively 7.75% smallest interspecific p-distance.

34. Trigonopterus foveatus Riedel, sp. n.

http://zoobank.org/9453D91A-979E-4F24-9E4A-8F687E6122F2

Diagnostic description

Holotype, male (Fig. 34a). Length 2.06 mm. Color of head and legs ferruginous; remainder black. Body subovate; in dorsal aspect and in profile with distinct constriction between pronotum and elytron. Rostrum in apical half scabrous, in basal half with median ridge and pair of submedian ridges; with sparse suberect scales; epistome with transverse, angulate ridge. Pronotum with shallow subapical constriction; disk scabrous, coarsely punctate; interspaces dull, microreticulate; each puncture containing suberect clavate scale inserting at posterior rim. Elytra with striae marked by deep punctures; in front of each puncture with elongate-claviform, erect scale; intervals costate, subglabrous; interval 7 subapically costate; sutural interval simple. Femora edentate. Metafemur subapically without stridulatory patch. Abdominal ventrite 5 flat, microreticulate, with sparse scales. Penis (Fig. 34b) with apex asymmetrically extended to the left; apical extension short; endophallus at middle of body with pair of elongate parallel sclerites; basal orifice ventrally with rim; apodemes short, 0.5 × as long as body; ductus ejaculatorius with bulbus. Intraspecific variation. Length 2.02–2.20 mm. Female rostrum dorsally in apical half subglabrous, densely punctate; epistome simple. Endophallic sclerites in specimens from Leuweung Sancang with subbasal sclerite shorter, pair of subapical sclerites less distinct.

Material examined

Holotype (MZB): ARC2690 (EMBL # LM655948), W-Java, Ciamis, Pangandaran, sample 1, S07°42.836', E108°39.478', 157 m, 22-IV-2012. Paratypes (MZB, SMNK, ZSM): W-Java: 4 exx, ARC2684 (EMBL # LM655942), ARC2685 (EMBL # LM655943), same data as holotype; 1 ex, Ciamis, Pangandaran, sample 3, S07°43.070', E108°39.634', 156 m, 22-IV-2012; 4 exx, ARC2693 (EMBL # LM655949), ARC2694 (EMBL # LM655950), ARC2695 (EMBL # LM655951), Garut, Pameungpeuk, Leuweung Sancang, sample 2, S07°43.807', E107°53.700', 74 m, 24-IV-2012.

Distribution

W-Java Prov. (Leuweung Sancang, Pangandaran). Elevation: 74–157 m.

Etymology

This epithet is based on the Latin adjective foveatus (pitted) and refers to its sculpture.

Notes

Trigonopterus foveatus Riedel, sp. n. was coded as “Trigonopterus sp. 375”.

35. Trigonopterus fulgidus Riedel, sp. n.

http://zoobank.org/CB109322-B3C5-4108-B272-5F27B08F5ACB

Diagnostic description

Holotype, male (Fig. 35a). Length 3.66 mm. Color of legs, head and ventral surface ferruginous; pronotum and elytron reddish coppery, partly with slight greenish lustre. Body in dorsal aspect with marked constriction between pronotum and elytron; in profile dorsally convex. Rostrum in apical third scabrous; in basal half with median and pair of submedian ridges; intervening furrows each with row of coarse punctures and suberect piliform scales; epistome with transverse, angulate ridge forming distinct median denticle. Pronotum with sides subparallel; anteriorly abruptly rounded to subapical constriction; disk with pair of submedian impressions, coarsely punctate, reticulate; each puncture containing inconspicuous seta; medially swollen. Elytra with humeri markedly swollen, laterally projecting; interval 4 subbasally swollen, forming dorsal protrusion; interval 5 behind middle weakly swollen, gently projecting from lateral outline; striae distinct; intervals flat, each with row of small punctures; subbasally striae 2–6 deeply incised, intervals and humeral callus densely coarsely punctate; punctures each bearing small inconspicuous scale. Anteroventral ridge of femora distinct, in meso- and metafemur forming large tooth. Metafemur subapically with stridulatory patch. Dorsal edge of pro- and mesotibia subbasally with angulation; meso- and metatibia subapically with dorsal margin concave; mesotibia in apical 1/3 with tooth on dorsal edge. Abdominal ventrite 5 flat, coarsely punctate; with long, suberect setae. Penis (Fig. 35b) with sides of body subparallel; apex subangulate; transfer apparatus small, compact; apodemes 2.0 × as long as body; ductus ejaculatorius without bulbus. Intraspecific variation. Length 2.38–3.78 mm. Color of pronotum and elytron ranging from reddish to greenish coppery. Female body more slender. Female rostrum dorsally punctate-rugose, with median and pair of submedian subglabrous costae; epistome simple. Female elytra subovate, without swellings, lateral contour convex, humeri simple.

Material examined

Holotype (MZB): ARC2274 (EMBL # LM655728), West Nusa Tenggara Prov., Lombok, Santong, Rinjani-track, sample 1, S08°20.715', E116°19.695', 830 m, 24-III-2011. Paratypes (MZB, SMNK, ZSM): 3 exx, same data as holotype; 4 exx, Santong, Rinjani-track, sample 2, S08°20.813', E116°19.778', 870 m, 24-III-2011; 10 exx, ARC2281 (EMBL # LM655735), ARC2282 (EMBL # LM655736), Lombok, Santong, Rinjani-track, sample 3, S08°20.996', E116°20.001', 960 m, 25-III-2011; 1 ex, Santong, Rinjani-track, sample 4, S08°21.160', E116°20.067', 1005 m, 25-III-2011; 1 ex, Santong, Rinjani-track, sample 5, S08°21.351', E116°20.208', 1105 m, 25-III-2011; 1 ex, Santong, Rinjani-track, sample 6, S08°21.754', E116°20.476', 1315 m, 25-III-2011; 9 exx, ARC2256 (EMBL # LM655710), ARC2257 (EMBL # LM655711), ARC2258 (EMBL # LM655712), Lombok, Senaru, Rinjani-track, sample 1, S08°19.429', E116°24.082', 900 m, 21-III-2011; 2 exx, Lombok, Senaru, Rinjani-track, sample 4, S08°20.439', E116°24.047', 1240 m, 21-III-2011; 16 exx, Lombok, Senaru, Rinjani-track, sample 6, S08°19.359', E116°24.070', 860 m, 23-III-2011; 3 exx, Senaru, Rinjani-trail, sample 7, S08°19.643', E116°24.033', 935 m, 23-III-2011; 7 exx, Senaru, Rinjani-trail, sample 8, S08°19.719', E116°24.040', 955 m, 23-III-2011; 12 exx, ARC2288 (EMBL # LM655742), ARC2289 (EMBL # LM655743), ARC2290 (EMBL # LM655744), Lombok, Mt. Rinjani, Bawnau, near Sembalun, sample 1, S08°21.136', E116°29.257', 1140 m, 26-III-2011.

Distribution

West Nusa Tenggara Prov., Lombok (Santong, Sembalun, Senaru). Elevation: 830–1240 m.

Etymology

This epithet is based on the Latin adjective fulgidus (shining, gleaming) and refers to its vivid coloration.

Notes

Trigonopterus fulgidus Riedel, sp. n. was coded as “Trigonopterus sp. 349” by Tänzler et al. (2014).

36. Trigonopterus gedensis Riedel, sp. n.

http://zoobank.org/ACB733AD-E1F4-4BCF-A493-B828231CE337

Diagnostic description

Holotype, male (Fig. 36a). Length 2.53 mm. Color black, tarsi and antennae ferruginous. Body elongate; in dorsal aspect with marked constriction between pronotum and elytron; with distinct constriction in profile. Rostrum coarsely rugose-punctate, with median ridge and pair of irregular submedian ridges; epistome with indistinct, transverse, subangulate ridge. Pronotum with disk scabrous; with median ridge; with indistinct subapical constriction. Elytra with striae deeply impressed, each with row of short subrecumbent bristles; intervals costate-tuberculate, almost nude; interval 7 swollen subapically, laterally weakly projecting; sutural interval subapically with tooth. Femora edentate. Metafemur subapically with stridulatory patch and transverse rows of denticles. Abdominal ventrite 5 flat, punctate, sparsely setose. Penis (Fig. 36b) with body in profile moderately curved; in dorsal aspect sides subparallel; apex with median, acute triangular extension; transfer apparatus flagelliform, as long as body; apodemes 2.0 × as long as body; ductus ejaculatorius without bulbus. Intraspecific variation. Length 2.30–2.55 mm. Female rostrum dorsally with pair of lateral furrows, in apical half subglabrous, coarsely punctate; epistome simple. Female elytra with sutural interval subapically with relatively indistinct knob.

Material examined

Holotype (MZB): ARC0249 (EMBL # LM655441), West Java Prov., Cianjur, above kebun Gede, sample 2, S06°47.735', E107°00.658', 2005 m, sifted. Paratypes (MZB, SMNK, ZSM): W-Java Prov., Mt. Gede: 5 exx, ARC0250 (EMBL # LM655442), ARC0251 (EMBL # LM655443), ARC0252 (EMBL # LM655444), ARC0253 (EMBL # LM655445), same data as holotype; 22 exx, ARC0003, Cibodas, 2000 m, 07-VI-2002; 4 exx, ARC2664 (EMBL # LM655922), Sukabumi, Cisaat, Situ Gunung, sample 5, S06°47.912', E106°56.457', 1940 m, 16-IV-2012; 5 exx, ARC2665 (EMBL # LM655923), Sukabumi, Cisaat, Situ Gunung, sample 6, S06°47.706', E106°56.560', 2117 m, 16-IV-2012.

Distribution

W-Java Prov., (Mt. Gede). Elevation: 1940–2117 m.

Etymology

This epithet is based on the type locality.

Notes

Trigonopterus gedensis Riedel, sp. n. was coded as “Trigonopterus sp. 307” by Tänzler et al. (2014).

37. Trigonopterus halimunensis Riedel, sp. n.

http://zoobank.org/FEEBFB61-BDFD-402F-992D-C21CC6BA2AC0

Diagnostic description

Holotype, male (Fig. 37a). Length 2.90 mm. Color of head, disk of elytra, legs and antennae ferruginous; remainder black. Body elongate; in dorsal aspect with marked constriction between pronotum and elytron; with distinct constriction in profile. Rostrum with median ridge and pair of submedian ridges, intervening furrows punctate; epistome with indistinct, transverse, subangulate ridge, at middle with denticle. Pronotum anterolaterally weakly angularly projecting; with distinct subapical constriction; disk coarsely punctate-rugose; punctures each with slender suberect scale; with median ridge. Elytra with striae deeply impressed, each with partly abraded row of slender, suberect scales; intervals tuberculate, almost nude; interval 7 swollen subapically, laterally weakly projecting. Femora edentate. Metafemur subapically with stridulatory patch and transverse row of denticles. Metatibia ventrally with sparse row of long erect setae, apically with uncus and distinct premucro. Abdominal ventrite 5 with shallow median impression, punctate, microreticulate. Penis (Fig. 37b) with body in profile curved, basal half flattened; in dorsal aspect sides subparallel; apex medially weakly extended; transfer apparatus flagelliform, ca. 2.4 × as long as body; apodemes 2.6 × as long as body; ductus ejaculatorius without bulbus. Intraspecific variation. Length 2.53–3.00 mm. Color of body black to ferruginous. Female rostrum dorsally with longitudinal furrows; epistome simple. Pronotum with anterolateral knobs blunt, somewhat rounded, or more distinct angularly projecting. Elytral striae with erect scales slightly shorter or longer and, rather dense or sparse depending on state of abrasion. Male metatibia ventrally with fringe of long setae dense, sparse or almost absent. Female abdominal ventrite 5 flat or slightly convex.

Material examined

Holotype (MZB): ARC2647 (EMBL # LM655905), West Java Prov., Bogor, Cidahu, Mt. Salak (near Javana Spa), sample 1, S06°43.733', E106°42.711', 1429 m, 13-IV-2012. Paratypes (ARC, MZB, SMNK, ZSM): W-Java Prov.: 1 ex, ARC2646 (EMBL # LM655904), same data as holotype; 1 ex, Bogor, Cidahu, Mt. Salak (near Javana Spa), sample 2, S06°43.499', E106°42.970', 1550 m, 13-IV-2012; 5 exx, ARC2650 (EMBL # LM655908), ARC2651 (EMBL # LM655909), Bogor, Cidahu, Mt. Salak (near Javana Spa), sample 3, S06°43.425', E106°43.227', 1756 m, 13-IV-2012; 4 exx, ARC0103, Mt. Halimun N.P., Pasir Banteng, Mt. Botol, 1550 m, 17-XI-2004; 3 exx, ARC0183 (EMBL # LM655408), Mt. Halimun N.P., Citalahab, Mt. Kendeng, 1550 m, 19-XI-2004; 5 exx, ARC0185 (EMBL # LM655410), Mt. Halimun N.P., Citalahab, Mt. Kendeng, sample 2, S06°45.523', E106°31.435', 1600 m, 10-IX-2005; 1 ex, ARC0188 (PCR failed), Mt. Halimun N.P., Citalahab, Mt. Kendeng, sample 1B, S06°45.723', E106°31.473', 1695 m, 10-IX-2005.

Distribution

W-Java Prov. (Mt. Halimun Salak N.P.). Elevation: 1429–1756 m.

Etymology

This epithet is based on the type locality.

Notes

Trigonopterus halimunensis Riedel, sp. n. was coded as “Trigonopterus sp. 299” by Tänzler et al. (2014).

38. Trigonopterus honjensis Riedel, sp. n.

http://zoobank.org/6198FEC4-730D-4207-AA7A-AED444EE0FDF

Diagnostic description

Holotype, male (Fig. 38a). Length 2.02 mm. Color ferruginous. Body subovate; in dorsal aspect and in profile with distinct constriction between pronotum and elytron. Rostrum irregularly rugose-punctate; epistome with transverse, curved ridge. Pronotum with shallow subapical constriction; disk reticulate-punctate; punctures with flat, apparently elevated bottom; scales abraded; surface dull, microreticulate. Elytra with striae deeply impressed, in front of each puncture with claviform, suberect scale unless abraded; intervals costate; surface dull, microreticulate; interval 7 in apical half forming distinct ridge. Femora edentate. Metafemur subapically without stridulatory patch. Abdominal ventrite 5 flat, microreticulate, with sparse setae. Penis (Fig. 38b) with apex asymmetrically extended on the left; apical extension short; basal orifice ventrally with rim; apodemes short, 0.7 × as long as body; ductus ejaculatorius with bulbus. Intraspecific variation. Length 1.99–2.22 mm. Color light to deep ferruginous. Female rostrum dorsally in apical half subglabrous, with small punctures; epistome simple. Pronotum with erect clavate scale in each puncture if not abraded.

Material examined

Holotype (MZB): ARC1547 (EMBL # LM655645), Java, Banten-Prov., Ujung Kulon N.P., Tama Jaya, Mt. Honje, sample 4, S06°46.141', E105°31.649', 395 m, 23-IV-2010. Paratypes (MZB, SMNK, ZSM): Java, Banten-Prov., Ujung Kulon N.P., Tama Jaya, Mt. Honje: 6 exx, ARC1542 (EMBL # LM655640), ARC1543 (EMBL # LM655641), ARC1544 (EMBL # LM655642), sample 2, S06°45.973', E105°31.915', 540 m, 23-IV-2010; 16 exx, sample 4, S06°46.141', E105°31.649', 395 m, 23-IV-2010; 2 exx, sample 3, S06°46.009', E105°31.761', 465 m, 23-IV-2010.

Distribution

Banten Prov. (Ujung Kulon N.P.). Elevation: 395–540 m.

Etymology

This epithet is based on the type locality, Mt. Honje.

Notes

Trigonopterus honjensis Riedel, sp. n. was coded as “Trigonopterus sp. 338”.

39. Trigonopterus ijensis Riedel, sp. n.

http://zoobank.org/2B46FBC3-E3C4-4D62-8073-9E442F9D1679

Diagnostic description

Holotype, male (Fig. 39a). Length 3.25 mm. Color of legs and head ferruginous, elytra deep ferruginous with transverse black band, remainder black. Body elongate; in dorsal aspect with marked constriction between pronotum and elytron; in profile dorsally convex. Rostrum with median and pair of submedian ridges; intervening furrows punctate, each with row of erect piliform scales; epistome simple. Pronotum with subapical constriction; disk densely punctate; punctures partly elongate and / or arranged in confluent rows forming rhombus-like pattern; each puncture containing elongate white scale or seta; medially with glabrous costa. Elytra with striae indistinct; intervals flat; with small, confused punctures; with sparse rows of elongate, recumbent, cream-colored scales; interspaces microreticulate; interval 7 in apical half forming sharp lateral edge; sutural interval at apex swollen, weakly protruding. Anteroventral ridge of femora crenulate, forming blunt tooth. Metafemur subapically with stridulatory patch. Dorsal edge of tibiae subbasally with angulation. Metatibia apically with angular premucro. Abdominal ventrite 5 flat, coarsely punctate. Penis (Fig. 39b) with sides of body subparallel; apex rounded, medially truncate; transfer apparatus compact, transfer-processes sickle-shaped, in profile ventrally with subangular extension; apodemes 2.0 × as long as body; ductus ejaculatorius without bulbus. Intraspecific variation. Length 2.75–3.31 mm. Body with or without bronze lustre. Female rostrum with median and pair of submedian ridges costate, subglabrous.

Material examined

Holotype (MZB): ARC0305 (EMBL # LM655495), East Java Prov., Banyuwangi, Mt. Ijen, Licin, sample 4, S08°06.673', E114°14.488', 1225 m, 31-VIII-2006. Paratypes (MZB, SMNK, ZSM): E-Java Prov., Banyuwangi, Mt. Ijen, Licin: 11 exx, ARC0304 (EMBL # LM655494), ARC0306 (EMBL # LM655496), ARC0307 (EMBL # LM655497), same data as holotype; 1 ex, ARC0303 (EMBL # LM655493), sample 2, S08°05.603', E114°14.366', 1575 m, 28-VIII-2006; 2 exx, sample 3, S08°06.056', E114°14.621', 1400 m, 28-VIII-2006; 5 exx, Banyuwangi, Mt. Ijen, Licin, sample 4, S08°06.673', E114°14.488', 1255 m, 28-VIII-2006.

Distribution

E-Java Prov. (Mt. Ijen). Elevation: 1225–1575 m.

Etymology

This epithet is based on the type locality.

Notes

Trigonopterus ijensis Riedel, sp. n. was coded as “Trigonopterus sp. 316”.

40. Trigonopterus javensis Riedel, sp. n.

http://zoobank.org/BBC21FDB-BB0C-496F-AD3E-DF83CFE21F62

Diagnostic description

Holotype, male (Fig. 40a). Length 2.08 mm. Color ferruginous. Body subhexagonal; in dorsal aspect with marked constriction between pronotum and elytron; with distinct constriction in profile. Rostrum coarsely rugose-punctate, with irregular median ridge; epistome with indistinct transverse ridge forming median denticle. Pronotum anterolaterally angularly projecting; with distinct subapical constriction; disk coarsely punctate, punctures each with one slender suberect scale; with median ridge. Elytra with striae deeply impressed, intervals costate to subcarinate; striae and intervals each with row of subrecumbent, short bristles; interval 7 swollen subapically, laterally projecting. Femora edentate. Metafemur subapically with stridulatory patch and transverse rows of denticles. Abdominal ventrite 5 somewhat swollen, at middle with shallow impression, sparsely setose. Penis (Fig. 40b) with body flattened, sides subparallel; apex subangulate; transfer apparatus spiniform, subequal to body; ductus ejaculatorius without bulbus. Intraspecific variation. Length 1.76–2.09 mm. Color of elytra black or ferruginous. Female rostrum dorsally with longitudinal furrows; epistome simple. Pronotum anterolaterally more or less distinctly angularly projecting. Female abdominal ventrite 5 flat.

Material examined

Holotype (MZB): ARC0192 (EMBL # LM655416), West Java Prov., Mt. Halimun N.P., N Ciptarasa, sample 3, S06°49.867', E106°30.085', 1100 m, 19-IX-2005. Paratypes (MZB, SMNK, ZSM): 17 exx, ARC0156, ARC0190 (EMBL # LM655414), ARC0191 (EMBL # LM655415), same data as holotype; 4 exx, W-Java Prov., Citalahab, sample 2, S06°44.503', E106°31.550', 1200 m, 12-IX-2005; 6 exx, ARC2656 (EMBL # LM655914), ARC2657 (EMBL # LM655915), W-Java Prov., Sukabumi, Mt. Gede, Cisaat, Situ Gunung, sample 1, S06°49.377', E106°55.729', 1281 m, 15-IV-2012; 3 exx, ARC2660 (EMBL # LM655918), ARC2661 (EMBL # LM655919), W-Java Prov., Sukabumi, Mt. Gede, Cisaat, Situ Gunung, sample 2, S06°49.038', E106°55.852', 1342 m, 15-IV-2012; 4 exx, ARC0196, ARC0197 (EMBL # LM655420), ARC0198, W-Java Prov., Ciamis, Mt. Sawal, Batu Cakra, sample 1, S07°14.920', E108°15.762', 990 m, 01-X-2005; 2 exx, W-Java Prov., Ciamis, Mt. Sawal, Blok Cireong, sample 2, S07°14.127', E108°15.568', 1120 m, 01-X-2005; 1 ex, ARC3593 (EMBL # LM656024), Sumedang, Sukajadi, Mt. Cakrabuana, sample 5, S07°01.804', E108°08.044', 1563 m, 20-IV-2012; 4 exx, ARC0285 (EMBL # LM655475), ARC0286 (EMBL # LM655476), ARC0287 (EMBL # LM655477), C-Java Prov., N slopes of Dieng figau, Petungkriyono, Mt. Deles, sample 1, S07°08.221', E109°43.599', 1505 m, 24-VIII-2006; 4 exx, ARC0297 (EMBL # LM655487), C-Java Prov., N slopes of Dieng figau, Petungkriyono, Mt. Deles, sample 3, S07°08.225', E109°43.555', 1495 m, 24-VIII-2006; 4 exx, ARC0296 (EMBL # LM655486), C-Java Prov., N slopes of Dieng figau, Petungkriyono, mountain N Tinalum, sample 1, S07°06.418', E109°44.514', 1115 m, 22-VIII-2006; 1 ex, C-Java Prov., Mt. Slamet, Guci, sample 5, S07°11.953', E109°10.497', 1620 m, 27-XI-2011; 6 exx, ARC2496 (EMBL # LM655833), ARC2497 (EMBL # LM655834), ARC2498 (EMBL # LM655835), C-Java Prov., Mt. Slamet, Guci, sample 6, S07°11.983', E109°10.556', 1671 m, 27-XI-11.

Distribution

W-Java Prov. (Mt. Gede, Mt. Halimun N.P., Mt. Cakrabuana, Mt. Sawal), C-Java Prov. (Dieng, Mt. Slamet). Elevation: 990–1671 m.

Etymology

This epithet is based on the name of Java Island.

Notes

Trigonopterus javensis Riedel, sp. n. was coded as “Trigonopterus sp. 294”.

41. Trigonopterus kalimantanensis Riedel, sp. n.

http://zoobank.org/CB7D90D9-2E5D-42E9-977C-11095E91E11D

Diagnostic description

Holotype, male (Fig. 41a). Length 2.65 mm. Color of antennae light ferruginous, pronotum black, remainder dark ferruginous. Body in dorsal aspect with marked constriction between pronotum and elytron; in profile dorsally convex, with shallow constriction. Rostrum with median and pair of submedian ridges; intervening furrows containing row of punctures, with rows of erect scales; epistome with transverse, irregular ridge. Pronotum without subapical constriction; disk densely punctate; interspaces subglabrous; each puncture containing small recumbent seta. Elytra with striae marked by small punctures, each containing minute seta; intervals flat, subglabrous, with interspersed punctures; elytral apex subangulate, densely coarsely punctate, suture incised. Femora with crenate anteroventral ridge. Metafemur subapically with stridulatory patch. Dorsal edge of tibiae with subbasal angulation, dentate in pro- and mesotibia. Abdominal ventrites 1–2 weakly concave, subglabrous, with sparse erect scales; abdominal ventrite 5 flat, with coarse shallow punctures, microreticulate. Penis (Fig. 41b) with sides of body subparallel; apex subangulate, with median triangular extension; endophallus with complex structures, several sclerites, containing few denticles; transfer apparatus complex; apodemes 2.6 × as long as body; ductus ejaculatorius without distinct bulbus. Intraspecific variation. Length 2.35–2.65 mm. Female rostrum in apical half subglabrous, sparsely punctate-rugose; epistome simple. Female elytral apex simple, suture very weekly incised.

Material examined

Holotype (MZB): ARC1421 (EMBL # LM655548), E-Kalimantan Prov., Berau Dist., 1 km off road Tanjungredeb - Tanjungselor, ca. 45 km N of Tanjungredeb, N02°29.55', E117°28.77', 190 m, 29-IX/03-X-2008 (MZB). Paratypes (SMNK): 2 exx, ARC1422 (EMBL # LM655549), ARC1423 (EMBL # LM655550), same data as holotype.

Distribution

E-Kalimantan Prov. (Tanjungredeb). Elevation: 190 m.

Etymology

This epithet is based on the Indonesian name for Borneo, Kalimantan.

Notes

Trigonopterus kalimantanensis Riedel, sp. n. was coded as “Trigonopterus sp. 310” by Tänzler et al. (2014).

42. Trigonopterus kintamanensis Riedel, sp. n.

http://zoobank.org/F0437FFA-E4F5-40D6-BEA8-35DAFEA30C05

Diagnostic description

Holotype, male (Fig. 42a). Length 2.45 mm. Color of antennae and legs ferruginous; remainder black. Body subovate, in dorsal aspect with weak constriction between pronotum and elytron; in profile dorsally convex. Rostrum with median ridge and pair of submedian ridges, intervening furrows each with sparse row of mesad directed scales; epistome with transverse ridge. Pronotum coarsely punctate, reticulate, with median costa; with sparse, recumbent scales. Elytra with striae dorsally deeply incised, laterally marked by rows of coarse punctures; intervals dorsally markedly costate, flattened, each with row of partly confluent punctures; each puncture containing small recumbent scale; elytral apex subtruncate. Femora with simple anteroventral ridge. Metafemur subapically with stridulatory patch. Abdominal ventrite 5 coarsely punctate, with sparse suberect scales. Penis (Fig. 42b) with sides of body subparallel, before apex weakly converging in straight line; apex with median angulate extension; transfer apparatus with median rod 1.6 × as long as body; median rod projecting basad further than apicad; apodemes 2.9 × as long as body; ductus ejaculatorius without bulbus. Intraspecific variation. Length 2.28–2.45 mm. Female rostrum in apical half dorsally subglabrous, with submedian rows of punctures, laterally punctate-rugose; epistome simple.

Material examined

Holotype (MZB): ARC0589 (EMBL # LM655525), Bali, Kintamani, Mt. Abang, sample 1, S08°17.118', E115°24.868', 1440 m, 09-XI-2007. Paratypes (SMNK): Bali: 1 ex, ARC0590 (EMBL # LM655526), same data as holotype.

Distribution

Bali (Kintamani). Elevation: 1440 m.

Etymology

This epithet is based on the type locality, Kintamani.

Notes

Trigonopterus kintamanensis Riedel, sp. n. was coded as “Trigonopterus sp. 286” by Tänzler et al. (2014).

43. Trigonopterus klatakanensis Riedel, sp. n.

http://zoobank.org/8B4380C6-AD7A-47EC-9D63-555500933153

Diagnostic description

Holotype, male (Fig. 43a). Length 2.50 mm. Color of antennae and legs ferruginous; remainder dark ferruginous. Body subovate, in dorsal aspect with weak constriction between pronotum and elytron; in profile dorsally convex. Rostrum with median ridge and pair of submedian ridges, intervening furrows each with sparse row of mesad directed scales; epistome with irregular transverse ridge. Pronotum coarsely punctate, reticulate, with median costa; with sparse, recumbent scales. Elytra with striae distinct, marked by rows of punctures; intervals weakly costate, with rows of punctures; sutural interval basally swollen, coarsely punctate; each puncture containing minute recumbent seta; elytral apex subtruncate, rounded. Femora with simple anteroventral ridge. Metafemur subapically with stridulatory patch. Abdominal ventrite 5 coarsely punctate, with sparse subrecumbent scales. Penis (Fig. 43b) with sides of body subparallel; apex with median angulate extension; transfer apparatus with thick median rod 2.0 × as long as body; median rod projecting basad further than apicad; apodemes 3.1 × as long as body; ductus ejaculatorius without bulbus. Intraspecific variation. Length 2.22–2.53 mm. Color of elytra ferruginous to black. Female rostrum in apical half dorsally subglabrous, sparsely punctate; epistome simple.

Material examined

Holotype (MZB): ARC0595 (EMBL # LM655531), Bali, National Park, Mt. Klatakan, sample 1, S08°13.220', E114°29.509', 545 m, 12-XI-2007. Paratypes (MZB, SMNK): Bali National Park, Mt. Klatakan: 3 exx, ARC0596 (EMBL # LM655532), ARC0597 (EMBL # LM655533), ARC0598 (EMBL # LM655534), same data as holotype; 2 exx, ARC2954 (EMBL # LM656007), ARC2955 (EMBL # LM656008), sample 2, S08°13.029', E114°29.466', 600 m, 12-XI-2007; 7 exx, sample 3, S08°13.325', E114°29.477', 500 m, 12-XI-2007.

Distribution

Bali (Mt. Klatakan). Elevation: 500–600 m.

Etymology

This epithet is based on the type locality, Mt. Klatakan.

Notes

Trigonopterus klatakanensis Riedel, sp. n. was coded as “Trigonopterus sp. 285” by Tänzler et al. (2014).

44. Trigonopterus lampungensis Riedel, sp. n.

http://zoobank.org/81083C44-6CDD-4D45-BC51-2322506A0F43

Diagnostic description

Holotype, male (Fig. 44a). Length 2.06 mm. Color of antennae light ferruginous, remainder dark ferruginous to black. Body in dorsal aspect with marked constriction between pronotum and elytron; with distinct constriction in profile. Rostrum dorsally dull, rugulose; with median ridge and pair of indistinct submedian ridges, intervening furrows punctate, sparsely squamose with small suberect scales; epistome simple. Pronotum anterolaterally very weakly angularly projecting; with distinct subapical constriction; disk coarsely punctate, each puncture containing minute scale; interspaces dull, microreticulate; indistinct median ridge subglabrous. Elytra with striae deeply impressed, each with row of minute transparent scales; intervals costate to subcarinate, microreticulate; interval 7 swollen subapically, laterally projecting. Profemur edentate, meso- and metafemur ventrally with denticle. Metafemur subapically with stridulatory patch and transverse rows of denticles. Abdominal ventrite 5 with shallow impression. Penis (Fig. 44b) with body in profile markedly curved ventrad; basal half flattened, in dorsal aspect sides subparallel; towards apex slightly widened; apex with median, subtriangular extension; transfer apparatus flagelliform, ca. 1.3 × as long as body; apodemes 2.2 × as long as body; ductus ejaculatorius without bulbus. Intraspecific variation. Length 1.96–2.40 mm. Color of body black or ferruginous. Female rostrum dorsally subglabrous, with pairs of lateral and submedian furrows; epistome simple. Pronotum with anterolateral knobs indistinct or more distinctly projecting. Female abdominal ventrite 5 flat.

Material examined

Holotype (MZB): ARC0266 (EMBL # LM655457), East Sumatra, Lampung Prov., Bawang, Pedada Bay, Mt. Tanggang, sample 2, S05°43.947', E105°06.480', 659 m, 09-VIII-2006. Paratypes (MZB, SMNK, ZSM): E-Sumatra, Lampung Prov.: 1 ex, ARC0267 (EMBL # LM655458), same data as holotype; 1 ex, ARC0274 (EMBL # LM655465), Bawang, Pedada Bay, Mt. Tanggang, sample 3, S05°43.938', E105°06.440', 673 m, 09-VIII-2006; 1 ex, Bawang, Pedada Bay, Mt. Tanggang, sample 4, S05°43.871', E105°06.393', 744 m, 09-VIII-2006; 1 ex, Bukit Barisan Selatan N.P., Kota Agung, Sukaraja, sample 5, S05°31.044', E104°25.664', 562 m, 02-V-2012; 1 ex, ARC2731 (EMBL # LM655987), Bukit Barisan Selatan N.P., Kota Agung, Sukaraja, sample 8, S05°33.032', E104°25.985', 421 m, 02-V-2012; 2 exx, ARC2732 (EMBL # LM655988), ARC2733 (EMBL # LM655989), Bukit Barisan Selatan N.P., Liwa, sample 1, S05°04.409', E104°03.265', 670 m, 04-V-2012; 1 ex, Bukit Barisan Selatan N.P., Liwa, sample 6, S05°04.753', E104°03.183', 809 m, 05-V-2012; 1 ex, ARC2734 (EMBL # LM655990), Bukit Barisan Selatan N.P., Liwa, sample 7, S05°04.958', E104°03.379', 813 m, 05-V-2012; 1 ex, Bukit Barisan Selatan N.P., Liwa, sample 8, S05°05.015', E104°03.442', 801 m, 05-V-2012.

Distribution

Lampung Prov. (Bukit Barisan Selatan N.P., Pedada Bay). Elevation: 421–813 m.

Etymology

This epithet is based on the Indonesian province of Lampung.

Notes

Trigonopterus lampungensis Riedel, sp. n. was coded as “Trigonopterus sp. 301”.

45. Trigonopterus latipes Riedel, sp. n.

http://zoobank.org/8587BF5C-D65D-459D-8FC2-1C9145DB2E51

Diagnostic description

Holotype, male (Fig. 45a). Length 2.86 mm. Color of legs and antennae ferruginous except protarsus black; remainder black. Body elongate; in dorsal aspect with marked constriction between pronotum and elytron; in profile dorsally flat, apically convex. Rostrum with median and pair of submedian ridges; intervening furrows each with sparse row of erect piliform scales; epistome simple. Pronotum laterally with subapical constriction; disk coarsely punctate to scabrous; submedially each puncture containing elongate white scale, towards sides with minute setae; with median ridge. Elytra with striae indistinct; intervals flat; surface dull, microreticulate, microgranulate; with sparse minute punctures and scattered lanceolate scales; interval 7 in apical third forming sharp lateral edge; sutural interval at apex swollen, forming pair of rounded apical protrusions. Femora edentate; anteroventral ridge crenulate. Metafemur subapically with stridulatory patch. Dorsal edge of pro- and metatibia subbasally simple, mesotibia subbasally with angulation extended as acute tooth. Tarsomere 3 of protarsus markedly larger than of mesotarsus. Abdominal ventrite 5 with shallow concave pit, apically with dense short suberect setae. Penis (Fig. 45b) with sides of body subparallel; apex medially pointed; transfer apparatus flagelliform, 4.0 × longer than body; apodemes 2.8 × as long as body; ductus ejaculatorius without bulbus. Intraspecific variation. Length 2.86–3.03 mm. Integument of males dull; females with punctures sparser and smaller, interspaces polished. Female rostrum with median and pair of submedian glabrous costae. Female abdominal ventrite 5 flat.

Material examined

Holotype (MZB): ARC2466 (EMBL # LM655804), East Java Prov., Mt. Semeru, road Senduro - Ranupani, sample 4, S08°01.801', E112°59.931', 1430 m, 13-XI-2011. Paratypes (SMNK, ZSM): E-Java Prov., Mt. Semeru, road Senduro - Ranupani: 2 exx, ARC2467 (EMBL # LM655805), ARC2468, same data as holotype; 1 ex, sample 3, S08°02.052', E112°59.356', 1572 m, 13-XI-2011.

Distribution

E-Java Prov. (Mt. Semeru). Elevation: 1430 m.

Etymology

This epithet is based on a combination of the Latin adjective latus (wide) and the noun pes (foot) and refers to the unusual size of the protarsi.

Notes

Trigonopterus latipes Riedel, sp. n. was coded as “Trigonopterus sp. 355”.

46. Trigonopterus lima Riedel, sp. n.

http://zoobank.org/C9E74D3C-2B07-490E-B60B-5B90FD9B52C6

Diagnostic description

Holotype, male (Fig. 46a). Length 2.14 mm. Color of antennae, legs and head ferruginous; remainder dark ferruginous to black; elytra with slight bronze lustre. Body subovate, in dorsal aspect and in profile with weak constriction between pronotum and elytron. Rostrum with median ridge and pair of submedian ridges, intervening furrows each with sparse row of mesad directed scales; epistome simple. Pronotum coarsely punctate, laterally reticulate, dorsally interspaces longitudinally rugose; with median costa; with sparse, suberect, slender scales. Elytra with striae deeply impressed, each with row of slender suberect scales; intervals costate, subglabrous; incised suture bordered by row of squamiferous punctures, partly overgrown by costate sutural interval. Femora with simple anteroventral ridge. Metafemur subapically with stridulatory patch. Metatibia apically with uncus, without premucro. Abdominal ventrite 5 flat, coarsely punctate. Penis (Fig. 46b) with sides of body subparallel; apex broadly angulate; in apical half with pair of elongate sclerites converging to orifice; transfer apparatus small, symmetrical, with median spine projecting to apex of endophallus; apodemes 1.9 × as long as body; ductus ejaculatorius without bulbus. Intraspecific variation. Length 2.03–2.17 mm. Female rostrum in apical half dorsally subglabrous, with longitudinally confluent punctures; epistome simple.

Material examined

Holotype (MZB): ARC2199 (EMBL # LM655655), East Nusa Tenggara Prov., Flores Isl., Ruteng, Mt. Ranaka, sample 3, S08°38.099', E120°31.745', summit area, 2205 m, 09-III-2011. Paratypes (MZB, SMNK): Flores Isl., Ruteng, Mt. Ranaka: 2 exx, ARC2579 (EMBL # LM655888), ARC2580 (EMBL # LM655889), sample 5, S08°38.277', E120°31.616', 2010 m, 09-III-2011; 1 ex, ARC2581 (EMBL # LM655890), sample 6, S08°38.243', E120°31.569', 1995 m, 09-III-2011; 2 exx, ARC2204 (EMBL # LM655660), sample 8, S08°37.781', E120°31.184', 1730 m, 10-III-2011.

Distribution

East Nusa Tenggara Prov., Flores (Ruteng). Elevation: 1730–2205 m.

Etymology

This epithet is based on the Indonesian word for “five” and is treated as a noun in apposition.

Notes

Trigonopterus lima Riedel, sp. n. was coded as “Trigonopterus sp. 297”.

47. Trigonopterus lombokensis Riedel, sp. n.

http://zoobank.org/62A5DE3E-3F48-474D-B930-E7270FA08F42

Diagnostic description

Holotype, male (Fig. 47a). Length 2.01 mm. Color of antennae and tarsi ferruginous, remainder black. Body in dorsal aspect with marked constriction between pronotum and elytron; with distinct constriction in profile. Rostrum with pair of dorsolateral furrows, medially coarsely punctate-rugose; dorsal profile at middle with angulation; epistome with transverse, subangulate ridge. Pronotum with indistinct subapical constriction; disk coarsely punctate-rugose, sparsely setose; in basal half with pair of sublateral, kidney-shaped impressions; with indistinct median ridge. Elytra with striae deeply impressed, each with row of slender, suberect scales; intervals costate-carinate, subglabrous; apex narrow, rounded. Meso- and metafemur each with small tooth, profemur simple, relatively long. Metafemur subapically with stridulatory patch. Abdominal ventrite 5 subbasally at middle swollen; in apical half with round depression; coarsely punctate. Penis (Fig. 47b) with sides of body subparallel; apex rounded, medially with sparse setae; transfer apparatus flagelliform, subequal to body; apodemes 2.3 × as long as body; ductus ejaculatorius with indistinct bulbus. Intraspecific variation. Length 1.71–2.06 mm. Color of elytra ferruginous to black. Female rostrum dorsally in apical half subglabrous, with sparse minute punctures; epistome simple. Pronotum in females and in small males relatively narrow, in large males wider. Elytra in females narrower, humeri evenly rounded; large males with humeri more distinctly, subangularly projecting laterad, in small males similar to females; intervals weakly costate, in larger specimens markedly costate or carinate.

Material examined

Holotype (MZB): ARC1458 (EMBL # LM655556), West Nusa Tenggara Prov., Lombok, Tetebatu, Rinjani-trail from Orong Gerisak, sample 6, S08°29.577', E116°24.782', 1195 m, 04-IV-2010. Paratypes (ARC, MZB, SMNK, ZSM): Lombok: 11 exx, ARC1459 (EMBL # LM655557), same data as holotype; 23 exx, Tetebatu, Rinjani-trail from Orong Gerisak, sample 5, S08°30.096', E116°25.062', 1010 m, 04-IV-2010; 13 exx, Tetebatu, Rinjani-trail from Orong Gerisak, sample 7, S08°29.433', E116°24.746', 1240 m, 04-IV-2010; 10 exx, ARC1476 (EMBL # LM655574), ARC1477 (EMBL # LM655575), ARC1478 (EMBL # LM655576), Tetebatu, Rinjani-trail from Orong Gerisak, sample 8, S08°29.173', E116°24.517', 1345 m, 04-IV-2010; 10 exx, N Tetebatu, 1200-1450 m, 07-XII-2004; 1 ex, ARC1483 (EMBL # LM655581), Sesaot, Rinjani-trail, sample 3, S08°29.841', E116°13.679', 625 m, 28-III-2010; 7 exx, ARC2260 (EMBL # LM655714), Senaru, Rinjani-track, sample 1, S08°19.429', E116°24.082', 900 m, 21-III-2011; 12 exx, Senaru, Rinjani-track, sample 2, S08°20.570', E116°23.969', 1320 m, 21-III-2011; 17 exx, Lombok, Senaru, Rinjani-track, sample 3, S08°20.780', E116°23.790', 1465 m, 21-III-2011; 48 exx, Lombok, Senaru, Rinjani-track, sample 4, S08°20.439', E116°24.047', 1240 m, 21-III-2011; 47 exx, ARC2267 (EMBL # LM655721), ARC2268 (EMBL # LM655722), Senaru, Rinjani-track, sample 5, S08°19.800', E116°24.107', 1015 m, 21-III-2011; 31 exx, Lombok, Senaru, Rinjani-track, sample 6, S08°19.359', E116°24.070', 860 m, 23-III-2011; 40 exx, Senaru, Rinjani-trail, sample 7, S08°19.643', E116°24.033', 935 m, 23-III-2011; 48 exx, Senaru, Rinjani-trail, sample 8, S08°19.719', E116°24.040', 955 m, 23-III-2011; 87 exx, ARC2279 (EMBL # LM655733), ARC2280 (EMBL # LM655734), Santong, Rinjani-track, sample 1, S08°20.715', E116°19.695', 830 m, 24-III-2011; 150 exx, Santong, Rinjani-track, sample 2, S08°20.813', E116°19.778', 870 m, 24-III-2011; 67 exx, Santong, Rinjani-track, sample 3, S08°20.996', E116°20.001', 960 m, 24-III-2011; 27 exx, Santong, Rinjani-track, sample 4, S08°21.160', E116°20.067', 1005 m, 25-III-2011; 28 exx, Santong, Rinjani-track, sample 5, S08°21.351', E116°20.208', 1105 m, 25-III-2011; 27 exx, Santong, Rinjani-track, sample 6, S08°21.754', E116°20.476', 1315 m, 25-III-2011.

Distribution

West Nusa Tenggara Prov., Lombok (Santong, Senaru, Sesaot, Tetebatu). Elevation: 625–1345 m.

Etymology

This epithet is based on the island of Lombok.

Notes

Trigonopterus lombokensis Riedel, sp. n. was coded as “Trigonopterus sp. 323” by Tänzler et al. (2014).

48. Trigonopterus merubetirensis Riedel, sp. n.

http://zoobank.org/464CE6CB-6538-41EA-AC4E-96F71C087DD1

Diagnostic description

Holotype, male (Fig. 48a). Length 3.31 mm. Color of legs and head ferruginous, elytra deep ferruginous with indistinct transverse black band near middle and black mark near apex; remainder black. Body elongate; in dorsal aspect with marked constriction between pronotum and elytron; in profile dorsally flat, apically convex. Rostrum with median and pair of submedian ridges; intervening furrows with each with partly abraded row of erect piliform scales; epistome simple. Pronotum with indistinct subapical constriction; disk densely punctate. Elytra with striae indistinct; intervals flat; with small, confused punctures; especially basally with scattered elongate, recumbent, cream-colored scales; interspaces microreticulate; interval 7 in apical third forming sharp lateral edge; apex subtruncate, sutural interval not protruding. Anteroventral ridge of femora crenulate, forming blunt tooth. Metafemur subapically with stridulatory patch. Dorsal edge of tibiae subbasally with angulation extended as acute tooth in pro- and mesotibia. Abdominal ventrite 5 with shallow concave pit laterally bordered by ridges. Penis (Fig. 48b) with sides of body subparallel; apex bidentate, with median notch; transfer apparatus spiniform, ca. as long as body; apodemes 2.3 × as long as body; ductus ejaculatorius without bulbus. Intraspecific variation. Length 2.88–3.31 mm. Color of elytra with black marking more or less extensive, sometimes with apical half almost completely black. Female rostrum with median and pair of submedian glabrous costae. Female abdominal ventrite 5 flat.

Material examined

Holotype (MZB): ARC2332 (EMBL # LM655785), East Java Prov., Banyuwangi Reg., Meru Betiri N.P., Sukamade, sample 2, S08°32.221', E113°51.985', 260 m, 12/13-IV-2011. Paratypes (MZB, SMNK, ZSM): E-Java Prov., Banyuwangi Reg., Meru Betiri N.P., Sukamade: 5 exx, ARC2333 (EMBL # LM655786), same data as holotype; 2 exx, ARC2334 (EMBL # LM655787), ARC2335 (EMBL # LM655788), sample 4, S08°32.163', E113°51.904', 340 m, 13-IV-2011.

Distribution

E-Java Prov. (Meru Betiri N.P.). Elevation: 260–340 m.

Etymology

This epithet is based on the type locality, Meru Betiri National Park.

Notes

Trigonopterus merubetirensis Riedel, sp. n. was coded as “Trigonopterus sp. 346”.

49. Trigonopterus mesehensis Riedel, sp. n.

http://zoobank.org/1576F335-48DA-4B33-9E51-856FD868D2C7

Diagnostic description

Holotype, male (Fig. 49a). Length 2.70 mm. Color of antennae ferruginous; legs dark ferruginous; remainder black. Body subovate, in dorsal aspect with weak constriction between pronotum and elytron; in profile dorsally convex. Rostrum with median ridge and pair of submedian ridges, intervening furrows each with sparse row of mesad directed scales; epistome with irregular transverse ridge. Pronotum coarsely punctate, reticulate-costate, with median costa; with sparse, recumbent scales. Elytra with dense, confused punctation; intervals flat, each with row of punctures; each puncture containing small recumbent scale; elytral apex subtruncate. Femora with simple anteroventral ridge, crenate in metafemur. Metafemur subapically with stridulatory patch. Abdominal ventrite 5 coarsely punctate, with sparse suberect scales. Penis (Fig. 49b) with sides of body subparallel; apex with median angulate extension; transfer apparatus with flagelliform median rod forming almost full coil; median rod projecting basad further than apicad, ca 2.7 × as long as body; apodemes 3.4 × as long as body; ductus ejaculatorius without bulbus. Intraspecific variation. Length 2.11–2.88 mm. Color of elytra dark ferruginous to black. Female rostrum in apical half slender, dorsally subglabrous, with submedian rows of punctures, laterally punctate-rugose; epistome simple.

Material examined

Holotype (MZB): ARC2250 (EMBL # LM655705), Bali, Negara, Kampung Pasatan, Desa Pohsanten, Mt. Mesehe, sample 2, S08°17.299', E114°41.494', 460 m, 17-III-2011. Paratypes (MZB, SMNK, ZSM): Bali, Negara, Kampung Pasatan, Desa Pohsanten, Mt. Mesehe: 5 exx, ARC2251 (EMBL # LM655706), same data as holotype; 6 exx, ARC2248 (EMBL # LM655703), ARC2249 (EMBL # LM655704), sample 1, S08°17.369', E114°41.392', 550 m, 17-III-2011; 15 exx, sample 3, S08°17.403', E114°41.424', 515 m, 17-III-2011; 5 exx, sample 4, S08°17.466', E114°41.331', 490 m, 17-III-2011; 1 ex, sample 6, S08°16.234', E114°41.528', 935 m, 18-III-2011; 3 exx, ARC2247 (EMBL # LM655702), S08°16.454', E114°41.725', 840 m, hand-collected from foliage, 18-III-2011; 26 exx, ARC0727, ARC0728, ARC0729, ARC0732 (PCR failed), trail to Mesehe waterfall, S08°18.30', E114°41.68', 350–600 m, 14.&17.XII.2008; 8 exx, ARC2962 (EMBL # LM656015), sample 8, S08°16.454', E114°41.725', 825 m, 18-III-2011.

Distribution

Bali (Mt. Mesehe). Elevation: 460–840 m.

Etymology

This epithet is based on the type locality Mt. Mesehe.

Notes

Trigonopterus mesehensis Riedel, sp. n. was coded as “Trigonopterus sp. 334” by Tänzler et al. (2014).

50. Trigonopterus micans Riedel, sp. n.

http://zoobank.org/16236EF7-BDF5-41DC-9F19-A8334D7A4363

Diagnostic description

Holotype, male (Fig. 50a). Length 2.97 mm. Color of legs and antennae ferruginous; pronotum and elytron reddish coppery; remainder dark ferruginous to black. Body in dorsal aspect with marked constriction between pronotum and elytron; in profile with weak constriction. Rostrum with median and pair of indistinct submedian ridges; intervening furrows each with row of coarse punctures and suberect elongate scales; epistome with indistinct transverse ridge forming small median denticle. Pronotum with sides subparallel; anteriorly rounded to subapical constriction; disk coarsely punctate, reticulate; with sparse recumbent, elongate, cream-colored scales, especially anteriorly; medially swollen, with median ridge. Elytra with humeri markedly swollen, laterally projecting; striae distinct, basally deeply impressed; intervals weakly costate, punctate; sutural interval in basal half distinctly swollen; punctures near base coarse and dense, near middle sparser with interspaces polished; each puncture containing minute, inconspicuous seta. Profemur with anteroventral ridge indistinct; in meso- and metafemur forming large, acute tooth. Metafemur subapically with stridulatory patch. Dorsal tibial edge subbasally with angulation. Thoracic and abdominal venter setose with long erect setae. Abdominal ventrite 5 weakly concave, densely punctate-rugose, with dense erect setae. Penis (Fig. 50b) subapically converging, with pair of setose brushes; subtruncate at middle; transfer apparatus small, compact; apodemes 2.7 × as long as body; ductus ejaculatorius with bulbus. Intraspecific variation. Length 2.20–2.97 mm. Color of pronotum and elytron ranging from dark bronze to a more vivid coppery. Female body more slender, humeri less prominent. Female rostrum dorsally punctate-rugose, with median and pair of submedian subglabrous costae; epistome simple.

Material examined

Holotype (MZB): ARC2213 (EMBL # LM655669), East Nusa Tenggara Prov., Flores, Labuhan Bajo, Roe, earthworm-dominated habitat, sample 1, S08°36.540', E120°01.871', 955 m, 13-III-2011. Paratypes (MZB, SMNK, ZSM): 3 exx, ARC2214 (EMBL # LM655670), ARC2216 (EMBL # LM655672), same data as holotype; 3 exx, ARC2220 (EMBL # LM655676), ARC2221 (EMBL # LM655677), ARC2222 (EMBL # LM655678), Flores, Labuhan Bajo, Roe, sample 5, S08°35.395', E120°00.383', 790 m, 13-III-2011; 1 ex, ARC2230 (EMBL # LM655686), Flores, Labuhan Bajo, Roe, sample 3, S08°36.259', E120°01.539', 975 m, 13-III-2011.

Distribution

East Nusa Tenggara Prov., Flores (Labuhan Bajo). Elevation: 790–975 m.

Etymology

This epithet is based on the Latin adjective micans (shining) and refers to the metallic coloration of this species.

Notes

Trigonopterus micans Riedel, sp. n. was coded as “Trigonopterus sp. 348” by Tänzler et al. (2014).

51. Trigonopterus misellus Riedel, sp. n.

http://zoobank.org/2355CE1B-8EDA-4826-9A9F-826D9B7FFBB1

Diagnostic description

Holotype, male (Fig. 51a). Length 2.65 mm. Color of tarsi and antennae ferruginous; remainder black. Body elongate subovate; in dorsal aspect and in profile with distinct constriction between pronotum and elytron. Rostrum in apical half scabrous, in basal half with median and pair of submedian ridges; with elongate, clavate, suberect scales; epistome with transverse, angulate ridge. Pronotum with indistinct subapical constriction; disk coarsely punctate; with median ridge; each puncture containing erect clavate scale inserting at posterior rim; surface dull, microreticulate. Elytra elongate; in profile with slight depression behind middle; with striae deeply impressed, in front of each puncture with claviform, suberect scale; intervals costate, subglabrous. Femora edentate. Metafemur subapically without stridulatory patch. Abdominal ventrite 5 flat, microreticulate, with sparse scales. Penis (Fig. 51b) with apex asymmetrically extended to the left; apical extension long; basal orifice ventrally with rim; apodemes short, 0.5 × as long as body; ductus ejaculatorius with bulbus. Intraspecific variation. Length 2.30–2.65 mm. Female rostrum dorsally in apical half subglabrous, with small punctures; epistome simple. Profile of elytral apex in females more slender than in males, more distinctly curved ventrad.

Material examined

Holotype (MZB): ARC0263 (EMBL # LM655454), E-Sumatra, Lampung Prov., Bawang, Pedada Bay, Mt. Tanggang, sample 1, S05°43.933', E105°06.598', 579 m, 09-VIII-2006. Paratypes (MZB, SMNK, ZSM): E-Sumatra, Lampung Prov., Bawang, Pedada Bay, Mt. Tanggang: 2 exx, ARC0264 (EMBL # LM655455), ARC0265 (EMBL # LM655456), same data as holotype; 2 exx, sample 2, S05°43.947', E105°06.480', 659 m, 09-VIII-2006.

Distribution

Lampung Prov. (Pedada Bay). Elevation: 579–744 m.

Etymology

This epithet is based on the Latin adjective misellus (poor).

Notes

Trigonopterus misellus Riedel, sp. n. was coded as “Trigonopterus sp. 336”.

52. Trigonopterus palawanensis Riedel, sp. n.

http://zoobank.org/E0A4D64A-3F49-44AE-BB6C-1BB40C39CA73

Diagnostic description

Holotype, male (Fig. 52a). Length 2.21 mm. Color of antennae and tarsi light ferruginous; remainder dark ferruginous to black. Body subovate; in dorsal aspect with marked constriction between pronotum and elytron; with distinct constriction in profile. Rostrum with median and pair of submedian ridges, most prominent at level of antennal insertion, anteriorly rather indistinct; with sparse rows of suberect scales; epistome at middle with dorsoposteriad directed acute denticle. Pronotum coarsely punctate-reticulate, each puncture with one clavate suberect scale; with indistinct subapical constriction. Elytra with striae deeply impressed, each with row of suberect clavate scales; intervals subcarinate, microreticulate. Metafemur subapically with stridulatory patch. Abdominal ventrite 5 flat, sparsely covered with small clavate scales. Penis (Fig. 52b) with sides of body in basal half subparallel, in apical half converging to subtruncate apex; ostium with large trapeziform sclerite; apodemes 1.8 × as long as body; transfer apparatus with subovate central fig and coiled spiniform transfer process; ductus ejaculatorius with distinct bulbus. Intraspecific variation. Length 2.13–2.21 mm. Female rostrum in basal half with median and pair of submedian ridges less prominent, but distinct; in apical half rugose-punctate; sparse scales recumbent; epistome simple.

Material examined

Holotype (SMNK): ARC1440 (EMBL # LM655554), PHILIPPINES, Palawan, Puerto Princessa region, Sabang, Mt. Bloomfield, N10°11.62', E118°52.35', 500-700 m, 10-XII-2009. Paratypes (SMNK): 2 exx, ARC1441 (EMBL # LM655555), ARC1442 (PCR failed), same data as holotype.

Distribution

Palawan (Mt. Bloomfield). Elevation: ca. 500–700 m.

Etymology

This epithet is based on the type locality, the island of Palawan.

Notes

Trigonopterus palawanensis Riedel, sp. n. was coded as “Trigonopterus sp. 344”.

53. Trigonopterus pangandaranensis Riedel, sp. n.

http://zoobank.org/5E7CA176-4FF1-470A-81A5-048027269E7A

Diagnostic description

Holotype, male (Fig. 53a). Length 2.95 mm. Color of legs and head ferruginous, remainder black. Body elongate; in dorsal aspect with marked constriction between pronotum and elytron; in profile dorsally without constriction. Rostrum dorsally microreticulate; with median carina terminating on forehead; with pair of submedian ridges; intervening furrows each with sparse row of erect scales; epistome with transverse, angulate ridge forming distinct median denticle. Pronotum anterolaterally subangularly projecting; without distinct subapical constriction; disk coarsely punctate; each punctures containing recumbent scale, subapically with suberect scale; without median ridge. Elytra with striae deeply impressed; each with row of small recumbent scales; intervals almost flat; interval 7 swollen subapically, laterally weakly projecting; apex extended ventrad, beak-shaped. Meso- and metafemur with crenulate anteroventral ridge terminating with blunt tooth. Metafemur subapically with stridulatory patch and transverse row of denticles. Abdominal ventrite 5 subapically with shallow pit. Penis (Fig. 53b) with body in profile weakly curved ventrad; in dorsal aspect sides subparallel; apex with subangulate notch; transfer apparatus thick flagelliform, ca. as long as body; apodemes 1.9 × as long as body; ductus ejaculatorius without bulbus. Intraspecific variation. Length 2.65–2.98 mm. Body of females slender; males slightly wider, especially between humeri. Female rostrum dorsally with pair of lateral furrows, pair of submedian furrows continued apicad by coarse punctures; epistome simple. Female abdominal ventrite 5 flat.

Material examined

Holotype (MZB): ARC2682 (EMBL # LM655940), West Java Prov., Ciamis, Pangandaran, sample 2, S07°42.836', E108°39.478', 157 m, 22-IV-2012. Paratypes (SMNK, ZSM): W-Java Prov., Ciamis, Pangandaran: 3 exx, ARC2683 (EMBL # LM655941), same data as holotype; 3 exx, ARC2686 (EMBL # LM655944), ARC2687 (EMBL # LM655945), ARC3637 (EMBL # LM656059), sample 3, S07°43.070', E108°39.634', 156 m, 22-IV-2012.

Distribution

W-Java Prov. (Pangandaran). Elevation: 156–157 m.

Etymology

This epithet is based on the type locality, Pangandaran.

Notes

Trigonopterus pangandaranensis Riedel, sp. n. was coded as “Trigonopterus sp. 372”.

54. Trigonopterus paraflorensis Riedel, sp. n.

http://zoobank.org/6821B9F3-461A-48F2-A1E2-EAEE65AF0BAB

Diagnostic description

Holotype, male (Fig. 54a). Length 2.06 mm. Color of head and legs ferruginous, remainder black. Body in dorsal aspect with marked constriction between pronotum and elytron; with indistinct constriction in profile. Rostrum with median ridge and pair of submedian ridges, anteriorly coarsely punctate-scabrous; epistome with transverse, subangulate ridge. Pronotum with subapical constriction; disk coarsely punctate-reticulate, sparsely setose; with pair of curved sublateral impressions; medially swollen. Elytra relatively slender; with striae deeply impressed, each with row of short suberect bristles; intervals costate, subglabrous; apex narrow, rounded. Femora each with small tooth. Metafemur subapically with stridulatory patch. Abdominal ventrite 5 coarsely punctate, with median impression bordered by pair of weak longitudinal costae. Penis (Fig. 54b) with sides subparallel, in apical third markedly converging to narrow subglabrous apex; transfer apparatus flagelliform, 6.6 × as long as body; apodemes 4.0 × as long as body; ductus ejaculatorius without bulbus. Intraspecific variation. Length 1.70–2.20 mm. Penis with flagelliform transfer apparatus 6.0–6.9 × as long as body; apodemes 3.4–4.1 × as long as body. No females available.

Material examined

Holotype (MZB): ARC3622 (EMBL # LM656052), East Nusa Tenggara Prov., Flores, Ruteng, Mt. Ranaka, sample 7, S08°37.781', E120°31.184', 1730 m, 10-III-2011. Paratypes (MZB, SMNK): Flores: 4 exx, ARC2205 (EMBL # LM655661), ARC2206 (EMBL # LM655662), ARC3623 (EMBL # LM656053), ARC3624 (EMBL # LM656054), same data as holotype.

Distribution

East Nusa Tenggara Prov., Flores (Mt. Ranaka). Elevation: 1730 m.

Etymology

This epithet is based on a combination of the Greek prefix para- (next to; near by) and the specific epithet of T. florensis Riedel, sp. n., a sibling species.

Notes

Trigonopterus paraflorensis Riedel, sp. n. was coded as “Trigonopterus sp. 441”. Morphologically it is very similar to T. florensis Riedel, sp. n. and T. pseudoflorensis Riedel, sp. n. but its cox1 sequences differ 7.75%, respectively 7.14% smallest interspecific p-distance.

55. Trigonopterus pararugosus Riedel, sp. n.

http://zoobank.org/CEE5CBA1-54A0-4363-9D9D-CC54034D59E9

Diagnostic description

Holotype, male (Fig. 55a). Length 2.16 mm. Color of antennae and legs ferruginous, remainder black. Body subovate, in dorsal aspect with weak constriction between pronotum and elytron; with distinct constriction in profile. Rostrum with median ridge and pair of submedian ridges, intervening furrows each with sparse row of mesad directed scales; epistome with irregular transverse ridge. Pronotum without subapical constriction; disk with coarse irregular ridges and tubercles, with sparse, suberect scales. Elytra with striae deeply impressed, each with sparse row of slender, suberect scales; intervals costate, intervals 3 and 5 with row of punctures, others subglabrous; sutural interval basally swollen and widened laterad; suture incised, bordered by rows of suberect scales; elytral apex scabrous, margin rounded, without apical denticle. Femora with simple anteroventral ridge, in meso- and metafemur crenate. Metafemur subapically with stridulatory patch. Abdominal ventrite 5 dull, with T-shape ridge along base and middle, coarsely punctate, with sparse erect scales. Penis (Fig. 55b) with sides of body weakly concave; apical edge subangulate, with sparse fringe of setae; apex with rounded median extension; transfer apparatus compact; apodemes 2.0 × as long as body; ductus ejaculatorius without bulbus. Intraspecific variation. Length 2.16–2.38 mm. Color of elytra completely black, with ferruginous sutural interval, or entirely ferruginous. Female rostrum in apical third dorsally subglabrous, sparsely punctate; epistome simple. Female elytra ventroapically with pair of laterally flattened denticles, male elytra ventroapically simple; elytral apex in Mesehe-specimen with median suture incised. Female abdominal ventrite 5 medially with weak ridge.

Material examined

Holotype (MZB): ARC0585 (EMBL # LM655521), Bali, Bedugul, Tamblingan, above the village along water pipe, sample 4, S08°15.854', E115°05.312', 1310 m, 06-XI-2007. Paratypes (MZB, SMNK, ZSM): Bali: 2 exx, ARC0584 (EMBL # LM655520), same data as holotype; 2 exx, ARC3586 (EMBL # LM656019), ARC3587, Tamblingan, sample 2, S08°15.015', E115°06.202', 1255 m, 06-XI-2007; 2 exx, ARC2315 (EMBL # LM655768), ARC2316 (EMBL # LM655769), Tamblingan, sample 5, S08°15.108', E115°05.573', 1350 m, 03-IV-2011; 1 ex, ARC2306 (EMBL # LM655759), Mt. Batukaru, Wangayagede, sample 3, S08°21.431', E115°05.699', 1170 m, 31-III-2011; 2 exx, ARC2310 (EMBL # LM655763), ARC2311 (EMBL # LM655764), Mt. Batukaru, Wangayagede, sample 5, S08°21.130', E115°05.321', 1520 m, 31-III-2011; 1 ex, ARC2255 (EMBL # LM655709), Negara, Kampung Pasatan, Desa Pohsanten, Mt. Mesehe, sample 8, S08°16.454', E114°41.725', 825 m, 18-III-2011, sifted.

Distribution

Bali (Mt. Batukaru, Mt. Mesehe, Tamblingan). Elevation: 825–1520 m.

Etymology

This epithet is based on a combination of the Greek prefix para- (next to; near by) and the specific epithet of T. rugosus Riedel, sp. n., a sibling species.

Notes

Trigonopterus pararugosus Riedel, sp. n. was coded as “Trigonopterus sp. 327” by Tänzler et al. (2014). The interspecific p-distance of cox1 to T. rugosus Riedel, sp. n. is 5.6–7.2%. Morphologically no clear differences could be detected and it is assumed that both represent a pair of cryptic species.

56. Trigonopterus parasumbawensis Riedel, sp. n.

http://zoobank.org/78A3D61F-7402-40EE-B6F7-3AB5062CF801

Diagnostic description

Holotype, male (Fig. 56a). Length 1.85 mm. Color of antennae, tibiae and tarsi ferruginous, elytra dark ferruginous, remainder black. Body in dorsal aspect with marked constriction between pronotum and elytron; with distinct constriction in profile. Rostrum with median ridge and pair of submedian ridges, median ridge terminating before apex; epistome with transverse, subangulate ridge. Pronotum with indistinct subapical constriction; disk coarsely punctate-rugose, sparsely setose; in basal half with pair of sublateral, kidney-shaped impressions; with indistinct median ridge. Elytra with striae deeply impressed, each with row of short, suberect scales; intervals costate, subglabrous; apex rounded. Femora with small tooth; metafemur subapically with stridulatory patch. Abdominal ventrite 5 flat, coarsely punctate. Penis (Fig. 56b) with sides of body subparallel; in apical third widening and rounded to apex, medially with sparse setae; transfer apparatus flagelliform, 3.3 × longer than body; apodemes 2.5 × as long as body. Intraspecific variation. Length 1.56–1.90 mm. Female rostrum dorsally subglabrous, sparsely punctate, with dorsolateral pair of furrows. Contour of elytral humeri subangulate in males, rounded in females.

Material examined

Holotype (MZB): ARC3603 (EMBL # LM656033), West Nusa Tenggara Prov., Sumbawa, Batu Dulang, Gn. Batu Pasak, sample 3, S08°37.524', E117°15.423', 1385 m, 12-IV-2010. Paratypes (MZB, SMNK, ZSM): West Nusa Tenggara Prov., Sumbawa: 5 exx, ARC3641 (EMBL # LM656062), ARC3642 (EMBL # LM656063), ARC3644 (EMBL # LM656065), ARC3645 (EMBL # LM656066), same data as holotype; 1 ex, ARC3649 (EMBL # LM656068), Batu Dulang, Gn. Batu Pasak, sample 3, S08°37.524', E117°15.423', 1385 m, 18-IV-2010; 1 ex, ARC3656 (EMBL # LM656074), Batu Dulang, Gn. Batu Pasak, sample 5, S08°37.005', E117°15.790', 1320 m, 18-IV-2010.

Distribution

West Nusa Tenggara Prov., Sumbawa (Batu Dulang). Elevation: 1385 m.

Etymology

This epithet is based on the Greek prefix para- (next to; near by) and the name of Trigonopterus sumbawensis Riedel, sp. n., a sibling species.

Notes

Trigonopterus parasumbawensis Riedel, sp. n. was coded as “Trigonopterus sp. 443”.

57. Trigonopterus pauxillus Riedel, sp. n.

http://zoobank.org/23CE266B-C145-4887-9B05-2F63308A4BA2

Diagnostic description

Holotype, male (Fig. 57a). Length 1.65 mm. Color of antennae and tarsi ferruginous, remainder black. Body in dorsal aspect with marked constriction between pronotum and elytron; with distinct constriction in profile. Rostrum in basal half with median ridge and pair of submedian ridges, in apical half flat; epistome with transverse, subangulate ridge. Pronotum with indistinct subapical constriction; disk coarsely punctate-rugose, sparsely setose; in basal half with pair of sublateral, curved impressions. Elytra with striae deeply impressed, each with row of short, suberect setae; intervals costate, subglabrous; apex rounded. Meso- and metafemur with small tooth; profemur, simple. Metafemur subapically with stridulatory patch. Abdominal ventrite 5 flat, coarsely punctate. Penis (Fig. 57b) with sides of body subparallel, in apical third rounded to apex, subglabrous; transfer apparatus flagelliform, thin, 3.1 × as long as body; apodemes 2.4 × as long as body; ductus ejaculatorius with indistinct bulbus. Intraspecific variation. Length 1.65–2.01 mm. Coloration dark as in holotype, or partly deep ferruginous, especially along elytral suture. Female rostrum dorsally subglabrous, sparsely punctate, with dorsolateral pair of furrows. Pronotum with impressions in basal half simple or kidney-shaped; disk with or without median ridge. Elytral intervals more or less distinctly costate-carinate. Profemur with or without tooth.

Material examined

Holotype (MZB): ARC2340 (EMBL # LM655790), West Nusa Tenggara Prov., Sumbawa, Tepal, Pc. Nengas, sample 7, S08°35.176', E117°08.295', 1490 m, 16-IV-2010. Paratypes (MZB, SMNK, ZSM): West Nusa Tenggara Prov., Sumbawa: 3 exx, ARC1534 (EMBL # LM655632), ARC2342 (EMBL # LM655792), ARC2344 (EMBL # LM655794), same data as holotype; 2 exx, ARC1514 (EMBL # LM655612), ARC1515 (EMBL # LM655613), Batu Dulang, Mt. Batu Pasak, sample 2, S08°37.028', E117°15.783', 1305 m, 12-IV-2010; 1 ex, ARC3652 (EMBL # LM656070), Batu Dulang, Mt. Batu Pasak, sample 4, S08°37.318', E117°15.339', 1280 m, 18-IV-2010; 1 ex, ARC3612 (EMBL # LM656042), Tepal, Pc. Nengas, sample 3, S08°35.386', E117°08.251', 1415 m, 15-IV-2010; 2 exx, ARC3605 (EMBL # LM656035), ARC3607 (EMBL # LM656037), Tepal, Pc. Nengas, sample 2, S08°35.884', E117°08.384', 1310 m, 15-IV-2010.

Distribution

West Nusa Tenggara Prov., Sumbawa (Batu Dulang, Tepal). Elevation: 1280–1490 m.

Etymology

This epithet is based on the Latin adjective pauxillus (small) and refers to its body size.

Notes

Trigonopterus pauxillus Riedel, sp. n. was coded as “Trigonopterus sp. 324” by Tänzler et al. (2014).

58. Trigonopterus payungensis Riedel, sp. n.

http://zoobank.org/46295DD6-BC87-4A60-98D7-F6C2FF4B847E

Diagnostic description

Holotype, male (Fig. 58). Length 2.58 mm. Color of tibiae, tarsi and antennae ferruginous, remainder black. Body subhexagonal; in dorsal aspect with marked constriction between pronotum and elytron; with distinct constriction in profile. Rostrum coarsely rugose-punctate, with median ridge and pair of irregular submedian ridges; epistome with indistinct, transverse, subangulate ridge. Pronotum anterolaterally angularly projecting; with distinct subapical constriction; disk scabrous, punctures each with one erect seta; interspaces weakly microreticulate; with median ridge. Elytra with striae deeply impressed, each with row of suberect slender scales partly abraded; intervals carinate, nude, weakly microreticulate; interval 7 swollen subapically, laterally weakly projecting. Femora edentate. Metafemur subapically with stridulatory patch and transverse row of denticles. Abdominal ventrite 5 flat, densely punctate, setose. Penis (Fig. 58b) in profile moderately curved; in dorsal aspect body slender, sides subparallel; apex with short, rounded extension; transfer apparatus flagelliform, 2 × longer than body; apodemes 2.2 × as long as body; ductus ejaculatorius without bulbus. Intraspecific variation. Length 2.40–2.58 mm. Female rostrum dorsally with longitudinal furrows; epistome simple. Pronotum with anterolateral knobs blunt, somewhat rounded in male, or more acute, angularly projecting in females. Female abdominal ventrite 5 flat.

Material examined

Holotype (MZB): ARC2710 (EMBL # LM655966), West Java Prov., Garut, Cikajang, Mt. Payung, sample 2, S07°25.268', E107°48.492', 1250 m, 26-IV-2012. Paratypes (MZB, SMNK, ZSM): 7 exx, ARC3598 (EMBL # LM656028), ARC3599 (EMBL # LM656029), ARC3600 (EMBL # LM656030), ARC3601 (EMBL # LM656031), same data as holotype; 3 exx, ARC2702 (EMBL # LM655958), ARC2703 (EMBL # LM655959), ARC3590 (EMBL # LM656021), W-Java Prov., Garut, Cikajang, Mt. Payung, sample 1, S07°25.345', E107°48.825', 1085 m, 26-IV-2012.

Distribution

W-Java Prov. (Mt. Payung). Elevation: 1085–1250 m.

Etymology

This epithet is based on the type locality.

Notes

Trigonopterus payungensis Riedel, sp. n. was coded as “Trigonopterus sp. 312”.

59. Trigonopterus porcatus Riedel, sp. n.

http://zoobank.org/85B04D6A-D2C7-4A6B-BBC8-96A794A722A4

Diagnostic description

Holotype, male (Fig. 59a). Length 2.53 mm. Color of legs and head ferruginous, remainder black. Body elongate; in dorsal aspect with marked constriction between pronotum and elytron; with distinct constriction in profile. Rostrum coarsely rugose-punctate, with median ridge and pair of somewhat irregular submedian ridges; epistome with indistinct, transverse, subangulate ridge. Pronotum anterolaterally angularly projecting; with distinct subapical constriction; disk coarsely rugose-punctate, punctures each with one suberect seta; interspaces microreticulate; with median ridge. Elytra with striae deeply impressed, each with row of suberect bristles; intervals carinate, nude; interval 7 swollen subapically, laterally weakly projecting; sutural interval at apex slightly protruding. Femora edentate. Metafemur subapically with stridulatory patch and transverse row of denticles. Abdominal ventrite 5 flat, sparsely punctate, apically sparsely setose. Penis (Fig. 59b) asymmetrical, appearing twisted; in profile moderately curved; apex with broad, spatulate extension; transfer apparatus flagelliform, ca. as long as body; apodemes 2.0 × as long as body; ductus ejaculatorius without bulbus. Intraspecific variation. Length 2.15–2.63 mm. Female rostrum dorsally with pairs of lateral and submedian furrows; epistome simple.

Material examined

Holotype (MZB): ARC2699 (EMBL # LM655955), West Java, Garut, Cikajang, Mt. Payung, sample 1, S07°25.345', E107°48.825', 1085 m, 26-IV-2012. Paratypes (MZB, SMNK, ZSM): W-Java Prov., Garut, Cikajang, Mt. Payung: 10 exx, ARC2700 (EMBL # LM655956), ARC2701 (EMBL # LM655957), ARC3638 (EMBL # LM656060), same data as holotype; 7 exx, ARC2711 (EMBL # LM655967), sample 2, S07°25.268', E107°48.492', 1250 m, 26-IV-2012; 8 exx, ARC2714 (EMBL # LM655970), sample 3, S07°25.320', E107°48.259', 1560 m, 26-IV-2012; 1 ex, ARC3594 (EMBL # LM656025), Sumedang, Sukajadi, Mt. Cakrabuana, sample 5, S07°01.804', E108°08.044', 1563 m, 20-IV-2012.

Distribution

W-Java Prov. (Mt. Payung, Mt. Cakrabuana). Elevation: 1085–1563 m.

Etymology

This epithet is based on the Latin porca (ridge between two furrows) and to be treated as an adjective. It refers to the elytral sculpture.

Notes

Trigonopterus porcatus Riedel, sp. n. was coded as “Trigonopterus sp. 370”.

60. Trigonopterus pseudoflorensis Riedel, sp. n.

http://zoobank.org/C8F1FF61-9818-478E-ACF1-8E40A5A37698

Diagnostic description

Holotype, male (Fig. 60a). Length 1.72 mm. Color of head and legs ferruginous, remainder black. Body in dorsal aspect with marked constriction between pronotum and elytron; with indistinct constriction in profile. Rostrum dorsally coarsely punctate-scabrous; median ridge and pair of submedian ridges indistinct; epistome with transverse, subangulate ridge indistinct. Pronotum with subapical constriction; disk coarsely punctate, sparsely setose; with pair of curved sublateral impressions; medially swollen. Elytra relatively slender; with striae deeply impressed, each with row of suberect bristles; intervals costate, subglabrous; apex narrow, rounded. Femora each with small tooth. Metafemur subapically with stridulatory patch. Abdominal ventrite 5 coarsely punctate, with median impression bordered by pair of longitudinal costae. Penis (Fig. 60b) with sides subparallel, in apical third markedly converging to narrow apex, medially with sparse setae; transfer apparatus flagelliform, 4.1 × as long as body; apodemes 3.7 × as long as body; ductus ejaculatorius without bulbus. Intraspecific variation. Length 1.70–2.14 mm. Penis with flagelliform transfer apparatus 4.1–4.6 × as long as body; apodemes 3.7–4.0 × as long as body. No females available.

Material examined

Holotype (MZB): ARC2209 (EMBL # LM655665), East Nusa Tenggara Prov., Flores, Ruteng, Mt. Ranaka, sample 6, S08°38.243', E120°31.569', 1995 m, 09-III-2011. Paratypes (SMNK, ZSM): Flores: 3 exx, ARC3613 (EMBL # LM656043), ARC3614 (EMBL # LM656044), ARC3615 (EMBL # LM656045), Ruteng, Mt. Ranaka, sample 5, S08°38.277', E120°31.616', 2010 m, 09-III-2011.

Distribution

East Nusa Tenggara Prov., Flores (Mt. Ranaka). Elevation: 1995–2010 m.

Etymology

This epithet is based on the Greek prefix pseudo (false) and the name of Trigonopterus florensis Riedel, sp. n., a sibling species.

Notes

Trigonopterus pseudoflorensis Riedel, sp. n. was coded as “Trigonopterus sp. 352” by Tänzler et al. (2014). Morphologically it is very similar to T. florensis Riedel, sp. n. and T. paraflorensis Riedel, sp. n. but its cox1 sequences differ 6.69%, respectively 7.14% smallest interspecific p-distance.

61. Trigonopterus pseudosumbawensis Riedel, sp. n.

http://zoobank.org/C176D270-253E-4B06-9AA5-A3B969A5E332

Diagnostic description

Holotype, male (Fig. 61a). Length 1.94 mm. Color of antennae, legs and elytron ferruginous, remainder black. Body in dorsal aspect with marked constriction between pronotum and elytron; with distinct constriction in profile. Rostrum in basal half with median ridge and pair of submedian ridges, in apical half rugose-punctate; epistome with transverse, subangulate ridge. Pronotum with indistinct subapical constriction; disk coarsely punctate-rugose, sparsely setose; in basal half with pair of sublateral, kidney-shaped impressions. Elytra with striae deeply impressed, each with row of short, suberect scales; intervals costate, subglabrous; apex narrow. Femora with small tooth; metafemur subapically with stridulatory patch. Abdominal ventrite 5 flat, coarsely punctate. Penis (Fig. 61b) with sides of body subparallel; in apical quarter with sides angularly projecting, abruptly converging to slightly extended apex, medially with sparse setae; transfer apparatus flagelliform, 2.3 × longer than body; apodemes 2.3 × as long as body. Intraspecific variation. Length 1.52–1.94 mm. Color of elytra ferruginous or almost black. Body relatively slender or rather roundish. Penis with flagelliform transfer apparatus 2.3–2.4 × longer than body; apodemes 2.3–2.4 × as long as body.

Material examined

Holotype (MZB): ARC3602 (EMBL # LM656032), West Nusa Tenggara Prov., Sumbawa, Batu Dulang, Gn. Batu Pasak, sample 3, S08°37.524', E117°15.423', 1385 m, 12-IV-2010. Paratypes (SMNK): Sumbawa, Batu Dulang, Gn. Batu Pasak: 2 exx, ARC3604 (EMBL # LM656034), ARC3643 (EMBL # LM656064), ARC3646 (EMBL # LM656067), ARC3651 (EMBL # LM656069), same data as holotype; 1 ex, ARC3657 (EMBL # LM656075), sample 5, S08°37.005', E117°15.790', 1320 m, 18-IV-2010.

Distribution

West Nusa Tenggara Prov., Sumbawa (Batu Dulang). Elevation: 1385 m.

Etymology

This epithet is based on the Greek prefix pseudo (false) and the name of Trigonopterus sumbawensis Riedel, sp. n., a sibling species.

Notes

Trigonopterus pseudosumbawensis Riedel, sp. n. was coded as “Trigonopterus sp. 442”.

62. Trigonopterus punctatoseriatus Riedel, sp. n.

http://zoobank.org/C1FC2C71-5BCA-476B-B897-8DE53C786BBF

Diagnostic description

Holotype, male (Fig. 62a). Length 1.88 mm. Color of antennae and legs ferruginous; remainder black. Body subovate, in dorsal aspect with weak constriction between pronotum and elytron; in profile dorsally convex. Rostrum with median ridge and pair of submedian ridges, intervening furrows each with sparse row of mesad directed setae; epistome simple. Pronotum with coarse punctures partly forming longitudinal rows; each puncture containing long recumbent seta; interspaces subglabrous, especially midline. Elytra with striae distinct; each puncture containing one recumbent seta; intervals flat, subglabrous. Femora with simple, crenate anteroventral ridge. Metafemur subapically with stridulatory patch. Metatibia apically with uncus, without premucro. Abdominal ventrite 5 coarsely punctate, sparsely setose, flat. Penis (Fig. 62b) with sides of body subparallel; apex sparsely setose, converging to median triangular extension, curved ventrad; transfer apparatus compact, symmetrical, with two pair of tendons attached; laterally with pair of sickle-shaped sclerites; apodemes 2.8 × as long as body; ductus ejaculatorius without bulbus. Intraspecific variation. Length 1.84–2.00 mm. Female rostrum in apical half dorsally subglabrous, punctate.

Material examined

Holotype (MZB): ARC1497 (EMBL # LM655595), West Nusa Tenggara Prov., Sumbawa, Tepal, Pc. Nengas, sample 2, S08°35.884', E117°08.384', 1310 m, 15-IV-2010. Paratypes (MZB, SMNK, ZSM): West Nusa Tenggara Prov., Sumbawa: 1 ex, ARC1498 (EMBL # LM655596), same data as holotype; 1 ex, ARC1535 (EMBL # LM655633), Tepal, Pc. Nengas, sample 5, S08°35.740', E117°08.721',1330 m, 16-IV-2010; 2 exx, Tepal, Pc. Nengas, sample 6, S08°35.533', E117°08.605',1350 m, 16-IV-2010; 1 ex, ARC1518 (EMBL # LM655616), Batu Dulang, Mt. Batu Pasak, sample 2, S08°37.028', E117°15.783', 1305 m, 12-IV-2010; 1 ex, ARC1528 (EMBL # LM655626), Batu Dulang, Mt. Batu Pasak, sample 3, S08°37.524', E117°15.423', 1385 m, 18-IV-2010.

Distribution

West Nusa Tenggara Prov., Sumbawa (Batu Dulang, Tepal). Elevation: 1305–1385 m.

Etymology

This epithet is based on a combination of the Latin participles punctatus (punctate) and seriatus (in rows) and refers to the elytral sculpture.

Notes

Trigonopterus punctatoseriatus Riedel, sp. n. was coded as “Trigonopterus sp. 287” by Tänzler et al. (2014).

63. Trigonopterus ranakensis Riedel, sp. n.

http://zoobank.org/D9DF6F45-A030-4705-95C6-C52EF6564741

Diagnostic description

Holotype, male (Fig. 63a). Length 2.53 mm. Color of antennae, legs and sutural interval ferruginous; remainder black. Body subovate, in dorsal aspect and in profile with weak constriction between pronotum and elytron. Rostrum with median ridge and pair of submedian ridges, intervening furrows each with sparse row of mesad directed setae; epistome with weak transverse ridge. Pronotum coarsely punctate, laterally reticulate, submedially interspaces longitudinally rugose, with median costa; with sparse, suberect, slender scales. Elytra with striae deeply impressed, each punctures containing slender suberect scale; intervals costate, subglabrous, in basal half partly with row of punctures, along basal margin corrugate; suture incised, bordered by dense rows of punctures. Femora with simple, crenate anteroventral ridge. Metafemur subapically with stridulatory patch. Metatibia apically with uncus, without premucro. Abdominal ventrite 5 coarsely punctate, with median carina. Penis (Fig. 63b) with sides of body in basal half converging, in apical half subparallel; apex angulate, sparsely setose; transfer apparatus compact, symmetrical, with two pairs of tendons attached; apodemes 2.6 × as long as body; ductus ejaculatorius without bulbus. Intraspecific variation. Length 2.16–2.73 mm. Female rostrum in apical half dorsally subglabrous, punctate; epistome simple. Color of sutural interval ferruginous or darker, almost black. Female abdominal ventrite flat, with very low median ridge.

Material examined

Holotype (MZB): ARC2196 (EMBL # LM655652), East Nusa Tenggara Prov., Flores Isl., Ruteng, Mt. Ranaka, sample 1, S08°37.321', E120°31.463', 1535 m, 08-III-2011 (MZB). Paratypes (MZB, SMNK): Flores Isl., Ruteng, Mt. Ranaka: 1 ex, ARC2197 (EMBL # LM655653), same data as holotype; 1 ex, ARC2198 (EMBL # LM655654), sample 3, S08°38.099', E120°31.745', summit area, 2205 m, 09-III-2011; 1 ex, ARC2582 (EMBL # LM655891), sample 7, S08°37.714', E120°31.509', 1850m, 09-III-2011.

Distribution

East Nusa Tenggara Prov., Flores (Ruteng). Elevation: 1535–2205 m.

Etymology

This epithet is based on the type locality.

Notes

Trigonopterus ranakensis Riedel, sp. n. was coded as “Trigonopterus sp. 342” by Tänzler et al. (2014).

64. Trigonopterus relictus Riedel, sp. n.

http://zoobank.org/E4F269E2-ABDF-4E15-8518-412280ACCA4F

Diagnostic description

Holotype, male (Fig. 64a). Length 2.60 mm. Color of head and legs ferruginous, remainder black. Body in dorsal aspect with marked constriction between pronotum and elytron; with shallow constriction in profile. Rostrum with median ridge and pair of submedian ridges, intervening furrows punctate, sparsely setose; epistome with indistinct, transverse, subangulate ridge. Pronotum with distinct subapical constriction; disk coarsely punctate-rugose, sparsely setose; with pair of indistinct sublateral impressions; with distinct median ridge. Elytra with striae deeply impressed; intervals costate to carinate, ridges with transverse wrinkles; sparsely setose with small suberect setae; apex with sublateral pair of blunt teeth, with suture incised. Femora each with small tooth. Metafemur subapically with stridulatory patch. Abdominal ventrite 5 concave, at middle subglabrous, laterally punctate, sparsely setose. Penis (Fig. 64b) with sides of body constricted at middle; apex with marked median notch; subapically markedly widened, forming blade-like processes bearing setose fringes on their dorsal surface; left blade-like process slightly larger; dorsally with median sickle-shaped process protruding apicad; transfer apparatus flagelliform, slightly longer than body; apodemes 3.2 × as long as body; ductus ejaculatorius without bulbus. Intraspecific variation. Length 2.08–2.60 mm. Color of body dark ferruginous to black. Body of females more compact, elytra shorter. Female rostrum dorsally in apical half with subglabrous costa, coarsely punctate; epistome simple. Female elytral apex subangulate, without pair of sublateral teeth. Female abdominal ventrite 5 flat, punctate.

Material examined

Holotype (MZB): ARC0308 (EMBL # LM655498), E-Java Prov., Banyuwangi, Mt. Ijen, Licin, sample 4, S08°06.673', E114°14.488', 1255 m, 31-VIII-2006. Paratypes (MZB, SMNK, ZSM): E-Java Prov.: 19 exx, ARC0309 (EMBL # LM655499), same data as holotype; 33 exx, ARC0301 (EMBL # LM655491), ARC0302 (EMBL # LM655492), Banyuwangi, Mt. Ijen, Licin, sample 2, S08°05.603', E114°14.366', 1575 m, 28-VIII-2006; 12 exx, ARC0310 (EMBL # LM655500), ARC0311 (EMBL # LM655501), Banyuwangi, Mt. Ijen, Licin, sample 3, S08°06.056', E114°14.621', 1400 m, 28-VIII-2006; 2 exx, Banyuwangi, Mt. Ijen, Licin, sample 4, S08°06.673', E114°14.488', 1255 m, 28-VIII-2006; 2 exx, Banyuwangi, Mt. Ijen, Licin, sample 6, S08°07.115', E114°14.650', 1100 m, 31-VIII-2006; 9 exx, ARC2460 (EMBL # LM655798), ARC2461 (EMBL # LM655799), Krucil, Bremi, Mt. Argopuro (trail to Taman Hidup), sample 2, S07°58.478', E113°31.069', 1457 m, 10-XI-2011; 4 exx, ARC2462 (EMBL # LM655800), ARC2463 (EMBL # LM655801), Krucil, Bremi, Mt. Argopuro (trail to Taman Hidup), sample 3, S07°58.586', E113°31.345', 1628 m, 10-XI-2011; 2 exx, Krucil, Bremi, Mt. Argopuro (trail to Taman Hidup), sample 7, S07°58.449', E113°31.002', 1457 m, 11-XI-2011.

Distribution

E-Java Prov. (Mt. Argopuro, Mt. Ijen). Elevation: 1100–1628 m.

Etymology

This epithet is based on the Latin participle relictus (left behind), referring to the distribution of the species which inhabits an isolated patch of wet forest.

Notes

Trigonopterus relictus Riedel, sp. n. was coded as “Trigonopterus sp. 317” by Tänzler et al. (2014).

65. Trigonopterus rinjaniensis Riedel, sp. n.

http://zoobank.org/CF981303-9B4C-4B44-AC0E-8DE024A6F950

Diagnostic description

Holotype, male (Fig. 65a). Length 2.18 mm. Color of antennae, tarsi and sutural interval ferruginous; remainder black. Body subovate, in dorsal aspect and in profile with weak constriction between pronotum and elytron. Rostrum with median ridge and pair of indistinct submedian ridges, intervening furrows each with sparse row of mesad directed setae; anterior third scabrous; epistome with transverse ridge. Pronotum coarsely punctate, laterally reticulate, submedially interspaces longitudinally rugose, with median costa; with sparse, suberect, slender scales. Elytra with striae deeply impressed; each with row of small suberect scales; intervals costate, subglabrous; intervals 1, 3, 5 more distinctly swollen, each with row of punctures; suture incised, bordered by dense rows of punctures. Femora with simple, crenate anteroventral ridge. Metafemur subapically with stridulatory patch. Metatibia apically with uncus, without premucro. Abdominal ventrite 5 coarsely punctate, with sparse suberect scales; with median carina. Penis (Fig. 65b) at middle with distinct constriction; containing several sclerites; apex subangulate, with sparse short setae, median extension minute; transfer apparatus compact, symmetrical, with two pairs of tendons attached; transfer process spiniform, pointing ventrad; apodemes 2.3 × as long as body; ductus ejaculatorius without bulbus. Intraspecific variation. Length 2.18–2.41 mm. Color of sutural interval ferruginous or darker, almost black. Female rostrum in apical half dorsally subglabrous, punctate; epistome simple. Female abdominal ventrite 5 flat.

Material examined

Holotype (MZB): ARC2263 (EMBL # LM655717), West Nusa Tenggara Prov., Lombok, Gn. Rinjani, Senaru, Rinjani-track, sample 3, S08°20.780', E116°23.790', 1465 m, 21-III-2011. Paratypes (MZB, SMNK, ZSM): West Nusa Tenggara Prov., Lombok, Gn. Rinjani: 2 exx, ARC2264 (EMBL # LM655718), same data as holotype; 2 exx, ARC1464 (EMBL # LM655562), ARC1465 (EMBL # LM655563), Tetebatu, Rinjani-trail from Orong Gerisak, sample 8, S08°29.173', E116°24.517', 1345 m, 04-IV-2010; 1 ex, ARC1469 (EMBL # LM655567), Tetebatu, Rinjani-trail from Orong Gerisak, sample 7, S08°29.433', E116°24.746', 1240 m, 04-IV-2010; 1 ex, ARC1470 (EMBL # LM655568), Tetebatu, Rinjani-trail from Kokok Belimbing, sample 3, S08°29.433', E116°24.746', 1245 m, 02-IV-2010; 1 ex, ARC1473 (EMBL # LM655571), Tetebatu, Rinjani-trail from Kokok Belimbing, sample 4, S08°28.320', E116°26.459', 1420 m, 02-IV-2010; 5 exx, ARC0167, Tetebatu, Rinjani-trail, 1200-1450 m, 07-XII-2004; ARC1487 (EMBL # LM655585), road between Sembalun and Sapit, sample 1, S08°25.110', E116°31.947', 1450 m, 30-III-2010; 1 ex, ARC1489 (EMBL # LM655587), road between Sembalun and Sapit, sample 4, S08°25.331', E116°31.841', 1405 m, 31-III-2010; 1 ex, ARC1492 (EMBL # LM655590), road between Sembalun and Sapit, sample 5, S08°26.453', E116°31.859', 1195 m, 31-III-2010.

Distribution

West Nusa Tenggara Prov., Lombok (Senaru, Sembalun, Tetebatu). Elevation: 1195–1465 m.

Etymology

This epithet is based on the type locality, Mt. Rinjani.

Notes

Trigonopterus rinjaniensis Riedel, sp. n. was coded as “Trigonopterus sp. 282” by Tänzler et al. (2014).

66. Trigonopterus roensis Riedel, sp. n.

http://zoobank.org/823C11A3-19A5-4044-B0A2-F1E541083655

Diagnostic description

Holotype, male (Fig. 66a). Length 1.75 mm. Color of antennae and tarsi ferruginous, remainder black. Body in dorsal aspect with marked constriction between pronotum and elytron; with distinct constriction in profile. Rostrum with median ridge and pair of submedian ridges, intervening furrows with sparse rows of setae; epistome with transverse, subangulate ridge. Pronotum with subapical constriction; disk coarsely punctate-rugose, sparsely setose; in basal half with pair of sublateral, kidney-shaped impressions; with median ridge. Elytra with striae deeply impressed, each with row of short, suberect setae; intervals costate-carinate, subglabrous; apex subtruncate, weakly rounded. Femora each with small tooth; profemur relatively long. Metafemur subapically with stridulatory patch. Abdominal ventrite 5 flat, coarsely punctate. Penis (Fig. 66b) with sides of body subparallel, in apical third converging; apex subangulate, medially with sparse setae; transfer apparatus flagelliform, relatively thick, 2.6 × as long as body; apodemes 2.5 × as long as body. Intraspecific variation. Length 1.71–1.86 mm. Coloration dark as in holotype, or largely deep ferruginous. Female rostrum dorsally subglabrous, sparsely punctate, with dorsolateral pair of furrows.

Material examined

Holotype (MZB): ARC2219 (EMBL # LM655675), East Nusa Tenggara Prov., Flores, Labuhan Bajo, Roe, sample 1, S08°36.540', E120°01.871', 955 m, 13-III-2011. Paratypes (MZB, SMNK): Flores: 1 ex, ARC2218 (EMBL # LM655674), same data as holotype; 2 exx, ARC2227 (EMBL # LM655683), ARC2228 (EMBL # LM655684), Labuhan Bajo, Roe, sample 5, S08°35.395', E120°00.383', 790 m, 13-III-2011; 2 exx, ARC2245 (EMBL # LM655700), ARC2246 (EMBL # LM655701), Labuhan Bajo, Tebedo, lowland forest, sample 1, S08°29.848', E119°59.633', 525 m, 14-III-2011.

Distribution

East Nusa Tenggara Prov., Flores (Labuhan Bajo). Elevation: 525–955 m.

Etymology

This epithet is based on the type locality.

Notes

Trigonopterus roensis Riedel, sp. n. was coded as “Trigonopterus sp. 353” by Tänzler et al. (2014).

67. Trigonopterus rugosostriatus Riedel, sp. n.

http://zoobank.org/CAC7CFEB-2337-4B64-87E0-1E3419BBB6F5

Diagnostic description

Holotype, male (Fig. 67a). Length 2.40 mm. Color of legs and head ferruginous, remainder black. Body in dorsal aspect with marked constriction between pronotum and elytron; with distinct constriction in profile. Rostrum coarsely rugose-punctate, with median ridge and pair of indistinct submedian ridges; epistome with indistinct, transverse, subangulate ridge. Pronotum anterolaterally angularly projecting; with distinct subapical constriction; disk rugose-punctate, interspaces weakly microreticulate; punctures each with one suberect to recumbent scale becoming shorter towards base; with median ridge. Elytra with striae deeply impressed, each with row of slender suberect scales; intervals costate to carinate, almost nude, weakly microreticulate; interval 7 swollen subapically, laterally weakly projecting; sutural interval subapically simple. Femora edentate. Metafemur subapically with stridulatory patch and transverse ridge. Abdominal ventrite 5 in apical half slightly swollen, with median impression, punctate, sparsely setose. Penis (Fig. 67b) with body in profile moderately curved; in dorsal aspect sides subparallel; apex with median, acute triangular extension; transfer apparatus flagelliform, slightly shorter than body; apodemes 2.0 × as long as body; ductus ejaculatorius without bulbus. Intraspecific variation. Length 2.28–2.65 mm. Color of body black to dark ferruginous. Female rostrum dorsally with longitudinal furrows; epistome simple. Pronotum with anterolateral knobs rounded, or more distinct and angularly projecting, especially in females. Female abdominal ventrite 5 flat.

Material examined

Holotype (MZB): ARC2672 (EMBL # LM655930), West Java Prov., Sumedang, Sukajadi, Mt. Cakrabuana, sample 4, S07°01.734', E108°08.059', 1530 m, 19-IV-2012. Paratypes (MZB, SMNK, ZSM): W-Java Prov.: 3 exx, ARC2673 (EMBL # LM655931), ARC2674 (EMBL # LM655932), ARC3591 (EMBL # LM656022), same data as holotype; 4 exx, ARC2675 (EMBL # LM655933), ARC2676 (EMBL # LM655934), ARC2677 (EMBL # LM655935), ARC3592 (EMBL # LM656023), Sumedang, Sukajadi, Mt. Cakrabuana, sample 5, S07°01.804', E108°08.044', 1563 m, 20-IV-2012; 1 ex, ARC2681 (EMBL # LM655939), Sumedang, Sukajadi, Mt. Cakrabuana, sample 6, S07°01.943', E108°08.029', 1593 m, 20-IV-2012; 1 ex, ARC2671 (EMBL # LM655929), Sumedang, Sukajadi, Mt. Cakrabuana, sample 3, S07°01.493', E108°08.065', 1394 m, 19-IV-2012; 5 exx, ARC0157, ARC0408, Ciamis, Mt. Sawal, Blok Cireong, sample 2, S07°14.127', E108°15.568', 1120 m, 01-X-2005; 3 exx, Batu Cakra, sample 1, S07°14.920', E108°15.762', 990 m, 01-X-2005; 3 exx, ARC2505 (EMBL # LM655842), ARC2506 (EMBL # LM655843), ARC2507 (EMBL # LM655844), Panjalu, Tembong, sample 3, S07°11.102', E108°16.310', 1569 m, 29-XI-2011.

Distribution

W-Java Prov. (Mt. Cakrabuana, Mt. Sawal). Elevation: 990–1569 m.

Etymology

This epithet is a combination of the Latin adjective rugosus (wrinkled) and the participle striatus (provided with furrows) and refers to the species´ body-sculpture.

Notes

Trigonopterus rugosostriatus Riedel, sp. n. was coded as “Trigonopterus sp. 354”.

68. Trigonopterus rugosus Riedel, sp. n.

http://zoobank.org/A7757AE1-955B-49A6-8238-29D7153E5195

Diagnostic description

Holotype, male (Fig. 68a). Length 2.53 mm. Color of antennae and legs ferruginous; head and elytral sutural interval dark ferruginous, remainder black. Body subovate, in dorsal aspect with weak constriction between pronotum and elytron; with distinct constriction in profile. Rostrum with median ridge and pair of submedian ridges, intervening furrows each with sparse row of mesad directed scales; epistome with sinuate transverse ridge. Pronotum without subapical constriction; disk with coarse irregular ridges and tubercles, with sparse, suberect scales. Elytra with striae deeply impressed, each with sparse row of slender, suberect scales; intervals costate, intervals 3 and 5 with row of punctures, others subglabrous; sutural interval basally swollen and widened laterad; suture incised, bordered by rows of suberect scales; elytral apex scabrous, margin subtruncate, with slightly incised suture, with distinct apical denticle. Femora with simple anteroventral ridge, in meso- and metafemur crenate. Metafemur subapically with stridulatory patch. Abdominal ventrite 5 dull, with T-shape ridge along base and middle, coarsely punctate, with sparse erect scales. Penis (Fig. 68b) with sides of body weakly concave; apical edge subangulate, with sparse fringe of setae; apex with median angulate extension; transfer apparatus compact; apodemes 2.0 × as long as body; ductus ejaculatorius without bulbus. Intraspecific variation. Length 2.36–2.53 mm. Color of elytra completely black, with ferruginous sutural interval, or entirely ferruginous. Female rostrum in apical third dorsally subglabrous, sparsely punctate; epistome simple. Female elytra ventroapically with pair of laterally flattened denticles, male elytra ventroapically simple. Female abdominal ventrite 5 medially with weak ridge.

Material examined

Holotype (MZB): ARC0586 (EMBL # LM655522), Bali, Bedugul, Mt. Catur, sample 3, S08°15.626', E115°11.354', 1690 m, 07-XI-2007. Paratypes (MZB, SMNK, ZSM): Bali: 3 exx, ARC0587 (EMBL # LM655523), same data as holotype; 3 exx, Bedugul, Mt. Catur, sample 2, S08°15.147', E115°11.323', 1930 m, 07-XI-2007; 3 exx, ARC0571 (EMBL # LM655507), ARC0572 (EMBL # LM655508), Bedugul, Mt. Pohen (= Mt. Tapak = Mt.Keramat), sample 2, S08°16.328', E115°08.360', 1785 m, 01-XI-2007; 2 exx, ARC0573 (EMBL # LM655509), Bedugul, Mt. Pohen (= Mt. Tapak = Mt.Keramat), sample 3, S08°16.386', E115°08.402', 1735 m, 01-XI-2007; 1 ex, ARC0574 (EMBL # LM655510), Bedugul, Mt. Pohen (= Mt. Tapak = Mt.Keramat), sample 5, S08°16.526', E115°08.634', 1580 m, 01-XI-2007; 1 ex Bedugul, Mt. Pohen (= Mt. Tapak = Mt.Keramat), sample 6, S08°16.607', E115°08.773', 1460 m, 01-XI-07; 4 exx, ARC0591 (EMBL # LM655527), ARC0592 (EMBL # LM655528), ARC0593 (EMBL # LM655529), ARC0594 (EMBL # LM655530), Kintamani, Mt. Abang, sample 1, S08°17.118', E115°24.868', 1440 m, 09-XI-2007, 01-XI-2007; 6 exx, ARC2317 (EMBL # LM655770), ARC2318 (EMBL # LM655771), Angseri, Mt. Adeng, sample 3, S08°19.626', E115°08.554', 1385 m, 06-IV-2011; 5 exx, Angseri, Mt. Adeng, sample 4, S08°19.463', E115°08.537', 1535 m, 06-IV-2011; 9 exx, Angseri, Mt. Adeng, sample 5, S08°19.402', E115°08.545', 1590 m, 06-IV-2011; 5 exx, ARC2321 (EMBL # LM655774), ARC2322 (EMBL # LM655775), Angseri, Mt. Adeng, sample 6, S08°19.138', E115°08.416', 1760 m, 06-IV-2011; 1 female, Bedugul, mountain NW of botanical garden, 1400 m, 04-XII-2004 (ARC).

Distribution

Bali (Mt. Andeng, Bedugul, Kintamani). Elevation: 1385–1785 m.

Etymology

This epithet is based on the Latin adjective rugosus and refers to the wrinkled integument.

Notes

Trigonopterus rugosus Riedel, sp. n. was coded as “Trigonopterus sp. 280” by Tänzler et al. (2014). The minimal p-distances of cox1 to T. pararugosus Riedel, sp. n. is 5.6–7.2%. Morphologically no clear differences could be detected and it is assumed that both represent a pair of cryptic species.

69. Trigonopterus rutengensis Riedel, sp. n.

http://zoobank.org/F94D327D-D925-4BBA-A6C8-3DB9C9D51A7D

Diagnostic description

Holotype, male (Fig. 69a). Length 1.78 mm. Color of antennae and tarsi ferruginous; remainder dark ferruginous to black, with slight bronze lustre. Body subovate, in dorsal aspect and in profile with weak constriction between pronotum and elytron. Rostrum with median ridge and pair of submedian ridges, intervening furrows each with sparse row of mesad directed scales; epistome simple. Pronotum coarsely punctate, interspaces longitudinally rugose; with median costa; with sparse, subrecumbent scales. Elytra with striae deeply impressed, each with row of slender suberect scales; intervals costate, subglabrous; incised suture bordered by row of squamiferous punctures, partly overgrown by costate sutural interval. Femora with simple, crenate anteroventral ridge. Metafemur subapically with stridulatory patch. Metatibia apically with uncus and small premucro. Abdominal ventrite 5 coarsely punctate, except apical third subglabrous. Penis (Fig. 69b) with sides of body subparallel; apex broadly angulate, medially rounded and sparsely setose; transfer apparatus compact, symmetrical, supported by large crescent-shaped sclerite; apodemes 2.0 × as long as body; ductus ejaculatorius without bulbus. Intraspecific variation. Length 1.78–2.02 mm. Color of elytra ferruginous to black, greenish-bronze lustre more or less distinct. Female rostrum in apical half dorsally subglabrous, longitudinally rugose-punctate; epistome simple.

Material examined

Holotype (MZB): ARC2193 (EMBL # LM655649), East Nusa Tenggara Prov., Flores Isl., Danau Ranamese, sample 2, S08°37.235', E120°33.554', 1295 m, 08-III-2011. Paratypes (MZB, SMNK, ZSM): Flores Isl., Ruteng: 1 ex, ARC2207 (EMBL # LM655663), Mt. Ranaka, sample 2, S08°37.164', E120°31.106', 1450 m, 08-III-2011; 1 ex, ARC3627 (EMBL # LM656057), Mt. Ranaka, sample 11, S08°37.386', E120°31.156', 1575 m, 08-III-2011; 4 exx, ARC2584 (EMBL # LM655893), ARC2585 (EMBL # LM655894), Mt. Ranaka, sample 10, S08°37.481', E120°31.410', 1610 m, 10-III-2011; 3 exx, ARC2208 (EMBL # LM655664), ARC2577 (EMBL # LM655886), ARC2578 (EMBL # LM655887), Danau Ranamese, sample 4, S08°38.385', E120°33.568', 1215 m, 08-III-2011; 2 exx, ARC2586 (EMBL # LM655895), Danau Ranamese, sample 6, S08°38.370', E120°33.798', 1215 m, 11-III-2011.

Distribution

East Nusa Tenggara Prov., Flores (Ruteng). Elevation: 1215–1610 m.

Etymology

This epithet is based on the type locality.

Notes

Trigonopterus rutengensis Riedel, sp. n. was coded as “Trigonopterus sp. 306”.

70. Trigonopterus saltator Riedel, sp. n.

http://zoobank.org/3E33D014-4206-40E2-8218-412EC4AA98E5

Diagnostic description

Holotype, male (Fig. 70a). Length 2.20 mm. Color of antennae and legs ferruginous; remainder black. Body subovate, in dorsal aspect and in profile with weak constriction between pronotum and elytron. Rostrum with median ridge and pair of indistinct submedian ridges, intervening furrows each with sparse row of mesad directed setae; anterior third scabrous; epistome with transverse ridge. Pronotum coarsely punctate, laterally reticulate, submedially interspaces longitudinally rugose, with median costa; with sparse, suberect, slender scales. Elytra with striae deeply impressed; each with row of minute suberect setae; intervals costate, subglabrous; intervals 1, 3, 5 more distinctly swollen, each with row of punctures; row of punctures on sutural interval dense, facing mesad towards incised suture. Femora with simple, crenate anteroventral ridge. Metafemur subapically with stridulatory patch. Protibia with uncus relatively long, stout. Metatibia apically with uncus, without premucro. Abdominal ventrite 5 coarsely punctate, with sparse suberect setae; with median carina. Penis (Fig. 70b) with sides of body converging, at middle with shallow constriction; containing several sclerites; apex sparsely setose, with median, subtriangular extension; transfer apparatus small, symmetrical, with pair of tendons attached, with median narrow apically biramose sclerite; apodemes 2.7 × as long as body; ductus ejaculatorius without bulbus. Intraspecific variation. Length 2.20–2.31 mm. Color of sutural interval and elytral apex ferruginous or darker, almost black. Female unknown.

Material examined

Holotype (MZB): ARC1530 (EMBL # LM655628), West Nusa Tenggara Prov., Sumbawa, Batu Dulang, Gn. Batu Pasak, sample 3, S08°37.524', E117°15.423', 1385 m, 18-IV-2010. Paratypes (SMNK): 2 exx, ARC1529 (EMBL # LM655627), ARC1531 (EMBL # LM655629), same data as holotype.

Distribution

West Nusa Tenggara Prov., Sumbawa (Batu Dulang). Elevation: 1385 m.

Etymology

This epithet is based on the Latin noun saltator (leaper) and refers to the biogeographic pattern where close relatives of this species are found on islands to the West.

Notes

Trigonopterus saltator Riedel, sp. n. was coded as “Trigonopterus sp. 281” by Tänzler et al. (2014).

71. Trigonopterus santubongensis Riedel, sp. n.

http://zoobank.org/D50D6C5A-110B-4DD6-98BD-8447785B4D85

Diagnostic description

Holotype, male (Fig. 71a). Length 2.23 mm. Color of antennae, legs and elytra ferruginous; remainder black. Body in dorsal aspect subrhomboid, with weak constriction between pronotum and elytron; in profile dorsally convex. Rostrum with indistinct median and pair of submedian ridges uniting in apical third; coarsely punctate-reticulate, with sparse suberect scales; epistome with irregular, subangulate ridge. Pronotum with disk densely punctate, reticulate; each puncture containing small recumbent seta. Elytra with striae distinct, marked by coarse punctures; intervals flat, microreticulate; sutural intervals with dense row of smaller punctures, remaining intervals with few interspersed coarse punctures; each puncture containing small seta; elytral apex subtruncate. Anteroventral ridge of femora terminating in apical third forming indistinct tooth. Profemur in basal half posteroventrally with tooth. Metafemur subapically with stridulatory patch. Dorsal edge of tibiae with subbasal angulation, dentate in protibia. Metatibia ventrally with fringe of long, stiff setae. Thoracic venter deeply concave. Abdominal ventrites 1–2 concave, subglabrous, near metacoxae with small cluster of peg-shaped setae; abdominal ventrite 5 concave, at base laterally with protrusion, at middle glabrous, apically densely setose. Penis (Fig. 71b) with sides of body diverging, containing two pairs of distinct sclerites; apex with median rounded extension bordered by pair of swellings; transfer apparatus spiniform; apodemes 2.5 × as long as body; ductus ejaculatorius apically torn off, in other males without distinct bulbus. Intraspecific variation. Length 2.23–2.53 mm. Female rostrum dorsally subglabrous, with submedian row of coarse punctures; epistome simple, subapically with 4 shallow longitudinal impressions. Female metatibia ventrally simple, with fringe of sparse thin setae. Female abdominal ventrite 1 without cluster of peg-shaped setae; female abdominal ventrite 5 subbasally with marked transverse swelling.

Material examined

Holotype (SMNK): ARC2523 (EMBL # LM655860), MALAYSIA, Sarawak, Kuching, Mt. Santubong, sample 3, N01°43.884', E110°19.727', 496 m, 06-XII-2011. Paratypes (SMNK, ZSM): MALAYSIA, Sarawak, Kuching, Mt. Santubong: 1 ex, ARC2524 (EMBL # LM655861), same data as holotype; 13 exx, ARC2527 (EMBL # LM655864), ARC2528 (EMBL # LM655865), sample 1, N01°43.760', E110°19.113', 138 m, 05-XII-2011; 6 exx, sample 2, N01°43.779', E110°19.183', 173 m, 05-XII-2011; 1 ex, sample 3, N01°43.884', E110°19.727', 496 m, 06-XII-2011; 10 exx, sample 4, N01°43.884', E110°19.715', 487 m, 06-XII-2011; 8 exx, sample 5, N01°43.843', E110°19.672', 478 m, 06-XII-2011; 10 exx, sample 6, N01°43.830', E110°19.601', 375 m, 06-XII-2011.

Distribution

Sarawak (Santubong). Elevation: 138–496 m.

Etymology

This epithet is based on the type locality.

Notes

Trigonopterus santubongensis Riedel, sp. n. was coded as “Trigonopterus sp. 361”.

72. Trigonopterus sasak Riedel, sp. n.

http://zoobank.org/0AA22178-609E-480D-9ACB-4631E165A7C0

Diagnostic description

Holotype, male (Fig. 72a). Length 2.88 mm. Color ferruginous, pronotum and center of elytron black. Body subovate; in dorsal aspect with marked constriction between pronotum and elytron; in profile dorsally convex. Rostrum in apical half scabrous, coarsely punctate; in basal half with median and pair of submedian ridges; intervening furrows punctate; with sparse subrecumbent, piliform scales; epistome with transverse, angulate ridge forming indistinct median denticle. Pronotum with sides converging in straight line, anterolaterally rounded to subapical constriction; disk with pair of submedian depressions, coarsely punctate, reticulate; each puncture containing inconspicuous seta; with distinct median ridge. Elytra with striae indistinct; intervals flat, punctate; at base, laterally and subapically ferruginous, densely coarsely punctate, with scattered recumbent lanceolate scales; remainder less densely punctate, punctures in rows, black. Anteroventral ridge of femora distinct, in meso- and metafemur forming large tooth. Metafemur subapically with stridulatory patch. Dorsal edge of tibiae subbasally with angulation, in pro- and mesotibia with small tooth. Abdominal ventrite 5 flat, coarsely punctate. Penis (Fig. 72b) with sides of body subparallel; in apical 1/3 tapering to rounded apex; transfer apparatus compact; apodemes 2.3 × as long as body; ductus ejaculatorius with indistinct bulbus. Intraspecific variation. Length 2.38–2.98 mm. Color of specimens from Sesaot as in holotype; from other localities darker, body black, legs dark ferruginous, only antennae light ferruginous. Female body more slender. Female rostrum dorsally punctate-rugose, with median and pair of submedian subglabrous costae; epistome simple. Elytra with scales near base more or less distinct.

Material examined

Holotype (MZB): ARC1482 (EMBL # LM655580), West Nusa Tenggara Prov., Lombok, Sesaot, Rinjani-trail, sample 4, S08°30.047', E116°13.826', 615 m, 28-III-2010. Paratypes (MZB, SMNK, ZSM): Lombok: 2 exx, ARC1481 (EMBL # LM655579), same data as holotype; 1 ex, ARC1484 (EMBL # LM655582), Sesaot, Rinjani-trail, sample 3, S08°29.841', E116°13.679', 625 m, 28-III-2010; 1 ex, ARC2301 (EMBL # LM655755), W Sengigi, Mt. Pusuk, sample 3, S08°27.723', E116°04.160', 585 m, 29-III-2011; 1 ex, ARC2285 (EMBL # LM655739), Sajang, sample 1, S08°19.370', E116°29.570', 845 m, 26-III-2011; 10 exx, ARC2295 (EMBL # LM655749), ARC2296 (EMBL # LM655750), ARC2297 (EMBL # LM655751), ARC2298 (EMBL # LM655752), Mt. Pengasingan, SE Sembalun, sample 2, S08°19.354', E116°30.530', 945 m, 27-III-2011.

Distribution

West Nusa Tenggara Prov., Lombok (Mt. Pusuk, Sajang, Sembalun, Sesaot). Elevation: 615–945 m.

Etymology

This epithet is based on the Sasak tribe traditionally inhabiting the island of Lombok. It is a noun in apposition.

Notes

Trigonopterus sasak Riedel, sp. n. was coded as “Trigonopterus sp. 330” by Tänzler et al. (2014). Cox1 sequences of the populations from West and East Lombok differ 9.7–10.6% p-distance, but morphologically no differences could be found.

73. Trigonopterus satu Riedel, sp. n.

http://zoobank.org/8CA7D9CD-B105-4E0F-B5EC-06C65838923E

Diagnostic description

Holotype, male (Fig. 73a). Length 1.90 mm. Color of tarsi and antennae ferruginous; remainder black. Body subovate; in dorsal aspect and in profile with distinct constriction between pronotum and elytron. Rostrum with median ridge and pair of submedian ridges; with sparse rows of suberect setae; epistome with transverse, angulate ridge. Pronotum with shallow subapical constriction; disk coarsely punctate, scabrous; each puncture containing erect clavate scale inserting at posterior rim; with median ridge. Elytra with striae marked by deep punctures; in front of each puncture with elongate-claviform, erect scale; intervals costate, subglabrous, weakly microreticulate; interval 7 subapically costate; sutural interval simple. Femora edentate. Metafemur subapically without stridulatory patch. Abdominal ventrite 5 flat, microreticulate, punctate, with sparse erect clavate scales. Penis (Fig. 73b) with apex asymmetrically extended to the left; apical extension of medium-size; basal orifice ventrally with rim; apodemes short, 0.5 × as long as body; ductus ejaculatorius with bulbus. Intraspecific variation. Length 1.90–2.11 mm. Color of body bright ferruginous or darker, almost black. Female rostrum dorsally in apical half subglabrous, densely punctate; epistome simple. Profile of elytral apex in females more slender than in males, more distinctly curved ventrad.

Material examined

Holotype (MZB): ARC2331 (EMBL # LM655784), E-Java Prov., Banyuwangi Reg., Meru Betiri N.P., Sukamade, sample 2, S08°32.221', E113°51.985', 260 m, 12/13-IV-2011. Paratypes (MZB, SMNK, ZSM): E-Java Prov., Banyuwangi Reg., Meru Betiri N.P., Sukamade: 17 exx, ARC2328 (EMBL # LM655781), ARC2329 (EMBL # LM655782), ARC2330 (EMBL # LM655783), same data as holotype; 1 ex, sample 4, S08°32.163', E113°51.904', 340 m, 13-IV-2011.

Distribution

E-Java Prov. (Meru Betiri N.P.). Elevation: 260–340 m.

Etymology

This epithet is based on the Indonesian word for “one” and is treated as a noun in apposition.

Notes

Trigonopterus satu Riedel, sp. n. was coded as “Trigonopterus sp. 341”.

74. Trigonopterus schulzi Riedel, sp. n.

http://zoobank.org/3FB9B2F0-8C3F-4567-911B-D8E193E93336

Diagnostic description

Holotype, male (Fig. 74a). Length 2.45 mm. Color of antennae light ferruginous; remainder dark ferruginous. Body subovate; in dorsal aspect with marked constriction between pronotum and elytron; with distinct constriction in profile. Rostrum basally with pair of indistinct submedian ridges; at middle with marked, anteriorly hollow protrusion, posteriorly with median tooth and pair of lateral teeth; between protuberance and epistome relatively flat, subglabrous, microreticulate; epistome at middle with dorsoposteriad directed horn, laterally with pair of denticles. Pronotum coarsely punctate-reticulate, each puncture with one clavate suberect scale; with indistinct subapical constriction. Elytra with striae deeply impressed, each with row of suberect clavate scales; intervals subcarinate, microreticulate. Metafemur subapically with stridulatory patch. Abdominal ventrite 5 transversely impressed, with sparse coarse punctures. Penis (Fig. 74b) with sides of body subparallel; apex rounded; apodemes 1.8 × as long as body; transfer apparatus digitiform, confluent with basally sclerotized and swollen ductus ejaculatorius; subapically ductus ejaculatorius with indistinct bulbus. Intraspecific variation. Length 2.32–2.45 mm. Horn of rostral epistome slightly shorter or longer. Female unknown.

Material examined

Holotype (SMNK): ARC1438 (EMBL # LM655552), PHILIPPINES, Palawan, Puerto Princessa region, Sabang, Mt. Bloomfield, N10°11.62', E118°52.35', 500–700 m, 10-XII-2009. Paratypes (SMNK): 2 exx, ARC1437 (EMBL # LM655551), ARC1439 (EMBL # LM655553), same data as holotype.

Distribution

Palawan (Mt. Bloomfield). Elevation: ca. 500–700 m.

Etymology

This species is named in honour of Andreas Schulz (Leverkusen, Germany), a successful collector of edaphic arthropods.

Notes

Trigonopterus schulzi Riedel, sp. n. was coded as “Trigonopterus sp. 343” by Tänzler et al. (2014).

75. Trigonopterus sebelas Riedel, sp. n.

http://zoobank.org/82A23849-CAED-4548-AC75-991D4B7F6F3A

Diagnostic description

Holotype, male (Fig. 75a). Length 2.24 mm. Color of antennae light ferruginous, pronotum black, remainder dark ferruginous. Body in dorsal aspect subrhomboid, with marked constriction between pronotum and elytron; in profile dorsally convex. Rostrum with median ridge bordered by rows of coarse punctures; with sparse suberect scales; epistome with transverse, subangulate ridge bearing 5 denticles. Pronotum with indistinct subapical constriction; anteriorly with flanges projecting laterally; sides subparallel; disk densely punctate; interspaces subglabrous; each puncture containing small recumbent seta. Elytra with humeri swollen, laterally projecting subangularly, with coarse punctures; striae marked by small punctures, each containing minute seta; intervals flat, subglabrous; elytral apex subtruncate, in apical aspect ventral outline concave. Femora with anteroventral ridge, in meso- and metafemur with denticle. Metafemur subapically with stridulatory patch. Dorsal edge of tibiae subbasally angulate. Abdominal ventrites 1–2 forming common cavity, at middle flat, subglabrous, with sparse erect scales; laterally with distinct rim; abdominal ventrite 5 weakly concave, coarsely punctate, with sparse erect scales. Penis (Fig. 75b) with sides of body subparallel, in apical half with shallow constriction; apex rounded; behind ostium with pair of large sclerites; transfer apparatus digiform, held by frame of two parallel sclerites; apodemes 1.9 × as long as body; ductus ejaculatorius without bulbus. Intraspecific variation. Length 1.78–2.36 mm. Body of small specimens more slender, with elytral humeri less distinctly projecting, lateral flanges of pronotum less distinct. Female rostrum slender, dorsally subglabrous, with submedian rows of coarse punctures, sublaterally punctate-rugose; epistome simple. Female elytral humeri less prominent, evenly convex.

Material examined

Holotype (MZB): ARC0715 (EMBL # LM655540), E-Kalimantan Prov., Berau Dist., Hutan Wisata Sei Tangap, ca. 8 km W of Tanjungredeb, N02°08.07', E117°24.65', 30 m, 02-X-2008. Paratypes (MZB, SMNK, ZSM): E-KALIMANTAN, Berau Dist.: 26 exx, ARC0714 (EMBL # LM655539), ARC0716 (EMBL # LM655541), ARC0717 (EMBL # LM655542), ARC0718 (EMBL # LM655543), ARC0719 (EMBL # LM655544), ARC0720 (EMBL # LM655545), ARC0721 (EMBL # LM655546), same data as holotype; 3 exx, Hutan Mayang Mangurai, ca. 15 km SW of Tanjungredeb, N02°06.217', E117°24.003‘, 20 m, 30-XI-2008; 15 exx, ARC1418, ARC1419, ARC1420, ARC1426 (PCR failed), ca. 45 km N of Tanjungredeb, 1 km off road Tanjungredeb - Tanjungselor, N02°29.55', E117°28.77', 190 m, 29.IX./3.X.2008; 2 exx, near Kampung Suaran, ca 40 km S of Tanjungredeb, primary forest on limestone, N01°59.70', E117°36.05', 50 m, 01-X-2008.

Distribution

E-Kalimantan Prov. (Tanjungredeb). Elevation: 20–190 m.

Etymology

This epithet is based on the Indonesian word for “eleven” and is treated as a noun in apposition.

Notes

Trigonopterus sebelas Riedel, sp. n. was coded as “Trigonopterus sp. 308” by Tänzler et al. (2014).

76. Trigonopterus sembilan Riedel, sp. n.

http://zoobank.org/D8E88636-C39C-43AF-BF08-3A89FF82E118

Diagnostic description

Holotype, male (Fig. 76a). Length 1.84 mm. Color of antennae, tarsi and tibiae ferruginous; remainder black. Body subovate, in dorsal aspect and in profile with weak constriction between pronotum and elytron. Rostrum with median ridge and pair of indistinct submedian ridges, intervening furrows each with sparse row of mesad directed setae; anterior third scabrous; epistome weakly swollen, simple. Pronotum coarsely punctate, laterally reticulate, submedially interspaces longitudinally rugose, with median costa; with sparse, subrecumbent setae. Elytra with striae deeply impressed; each with row of suberect setae; intervals costate, subglabrous; intervals 1, 3, 5 more distinctly swollen; sutural interval with row of coarse punctures, intervals 3 and 5 with few scattered punctures. Femora with simple, crenate anteroventral ridge. Metafemur subapically with stridulatory patch. Metatibia apically with uncus, without premucro. Abdominal ventrite 5 coarsely punctate, with sparse recumbent setae, at middle with shallow impression. Penis (Fig. 76b) with sides of body subparallel; apex sparsely setose, with median triangular extension; endophallus with pair of elongate sclerites; transfer apparatus compact, symmetrical, with two pairs of tendons attached; laterally with pair of subparallel sclerites, markedly bent at middle, diverging to apex of endophallus; apodemes 2.1 × as long as body; ductus ejaculatorius without bulbus. Intraspecific variation. Length 1.84–2.00 mm. Female rostrum in apical half dorsally subglabrous, with submedian rows of small punctures; epistome simple. Female abdominal ventrite 5 flat.

Material examined

Holotype (MZB): ARC1499 (EMBL # LM655597), West Nusa Tenggara Prov., Sumbawa, Tepal, Pc. Nengas, sample 2, S08°35.884', E117°08.384', 1310 m, 15-IV-2010 (MZB). Paratypes (MZB, SMNK, ZSM): West Nusa Tenggara Prov., Sumbawa: 2 exx, ARC1500 (EMBL # LM655598), ARC1501 (EMBL # LM655599), same data as holotype; 2 exx, Tepal, Pc. Nengas, sample 7, S08°35.176', E117°08.295', 1490 m, 16-IV-2010; 3 exx, ARC1519 (EMBL # LM655617), ARC1520 (EMBL # LM655618), ARC1521 (EMBL # LM655619), Batu Dulang, Mt. Batu Pasak, sample 2, S08°37.028', E117°15.783', 1305 m, 12-IV-2010.

Distribution

West Nusa Tenggara Prov., Sumbawa (Batu Dulang, Tepal). Elevation: 1305–1490 m.

Etymology

This epithet is based on the Indonesian word for “nine” and is treated as a noun in apposition.

Notes

Trigonopterus sembilan Riedel, sp. n. was coded as “Trigonopterus sp. 283”.

77. Trigonopterus sepuluh Riedel, sp. n.

http://zoobank.org/40D3334D-CBA5-4B5E-88CC-ED054A39BD6C

Diagnostic description

Holotype, male (Fig. 77a). Length 2.53 mm. Color black; antennae and tarsi ferruginous. Body in dorsal aspect subovate, with weak constriction between pronotum and elytron; in profile dorsally convex. Rostrum with median and pair of indistinct submedian ridges; intervening furrows containing row of coarse punctures, with rows of erect scales; epistome with subangulate ridge bearing five denticles. Head with front margin of eye bordered by distinct furrow. Pronotum with disk densely punctate with small punctures; interspaces subglabrous; each puncture containing small recumbent seta. Elytra with striae marked by small punctures; intervals flat, weakly microreticulate, with small interspersed punctures, especially on sutural interval; elytral apex subtruncate, in apical aspect ventral outline weakly bisinuate. Metafemur subapically with stridulatory patch. Dorsal edge of tibiae with subbasal angulation, dentate in pro- and mesotibia. Abdominal ventrites 1–2 subglabrous, with few long erect narrow scales, laterally with swollen rim; abdominal ventrite 2 in profile projecting dentiform; abdominal ventrite 5 flat, basally with indistinct transverse costa, with sparse coarse punctures and suberect scales. Penis (Fig. 77b) with sides of body subparallel; apex rounded, with sparse setae; transfer apparatus small, complex, wider than long; apodemes 1.9 × as long as body; ductus ejaculatorius without bulbus. Intraspecific variation. Length 2.16–2.55 mm. Female body between humeri slightly more slender. Female rostrum dorsally subglabrous, coarsely punctate, interspaces microreticulate; epistome simple.

Material examined

Holotype (MZB): ARC2538 (EMBL # LM655875), W-Kalimantan Prov., Bengkayan, Suka-Bangun, Mt. Bawang, sample 5, N00°54.103', E109°22.515', 652 m, 11-XII-2011 (MZB). Paratypes (MZB, SMNK, ZSM): 8 exx, ARC2539 (EMBL # LM655876), ARC2540 (EMBL # LM655877), ARC2541 (EMBL # LM655878), same data as holotype.

Distribution

W-Kalimantan Prov. (Mt. Bawang). Elevation: 652 m.

Etymology

This epithet is based on the Indonesian word for “ten” and is treated as a noun in apposition.

Notes

Trigonopterus sepuluh Riedel, sp. n. was coded as “Trigonopterus sp. 365” by Tänzler et al. (2014).

78. Trigonopterus seriatus Riedel, sp. n.

http://zoobank.org/FDA4C65D-9753-4F85-8A1A-10B82B67ACE3

Diagnostic description

Holotype, male (Fig. 78a). Length 2.00 mm. Color of legs and head ferruginous; remainder black. Body subovate; in dorsal aspect and in profile with distinct constriction between pronotum and elytron. Rostrum irregularly rugose-punctate; with short, clavate, suberect scales; epistome at middle with indistinct, curved ridge. Pronotum with shallow subapical constriction; disk coarsely punctate; each puncture containing erect clavate scale inserting at posterior rim; surface dull, microreticulate. Elytra with striae deeply impressed, in front of each puncture with claviform, suberect scale; intervals costate; surface dull, coriaceous, microreticulate; interval 7 subapically forming distinct ridge. Femora edentate. Metafemur subapically without stridulatory patch. Abdominal ventrite 5 flat, microreticulate, with sparse scales. Penis (Fig. 78b) with apex asymmetrically extended on the left; apical extension short; basal orifice ventrally without rim; apodemes short, 0.5 × as long as body; ductus ejaculatorius with bulbus. Intraspecific variation. Length 1.80–2.14 mm. Female rostrum dorsally in apical half subglabrous, with small punctures; epistome simple.

Material examined

Holotype (MZB): ARC2730 (EMBL # LM655986), E-Sumatra,, Lampung Prov., Bukit Barisan Selatan N.P., Kota Agung, Sukaraja, S05°31.678', E104°25.508', 608 m, 02-V-2012. Paratypes (MZB, SMNK, ZSM): E-Sumatra, Lampung Prov.: 5 exx, ARC0271 (EMBL # LM655462), Bawang, Pedada Bay, Mt. Tanggang, sample 1, S05°43.933', E105°06.598', 579 m, 09-VIII-2006; 5 exx, ARC0268 (EMBL # LM655459), ARC0269 (EMBL # LM655460), ARC0270 (EMBL # LM655461), Bawang, Pedada Bay, Mt. Tanggang, sample 2, S05°43.947', E105°06.480', 659 m, 09-VIII-2006; 1 ex, Bawang, Pedada Bay, Mt. Tanggang, sample 3, S05°43.938', E105°06.440', 673 m, 09-VIII-2006; 4 exx, ARC0272 (EMBL # LM655463), Bawang, Pedada Bay, Mt. Tanggang, sample 4, S05°43.871', E105°06.393', 744 m, 09-VIII-2006; 4 exx, ARC2727 (EMBL # LM655983), ARC2728 (EMBL # LM655984), Bukit Barisan Selatan N.P., Kota Agung, Sukaraja, sample 2, S05°30.330', E104°25.838', 660 m, 01-V-2012; 2 exx, Bukit Barisan Selatan N.P., Kota Agung, Sukaraja, sample 3, S05°32.289', E104°26.295', 495 m, 01-V-2012; 11 exx, Bukit Barisan Selatan N.P., Kota Agung, Sukaraja, sample 4, S05°33.406', E104°25.680', 405 m, 01-V-2012; 2 exx, Bukit Barisan Selatan N.P., Kota Agung, Sukaraja, sample 5, S05°31.044', E104°25.664', 562 m, 02-V-2012; 1 ex, Bukit Barisan Selatan N.P., Kota Agung, Sukaraja, sample 6, S05°31.678', E104°25.508', 608 m, 02-V-2012; 2 exx, Bukit Barisan Selatan N.P., Kota Agung, Sukaraja, sample 7, S05°33.768', E104°25.361', 371 m, 02-V-2012; 1 ex, Bukit Barisan Selatan N.P., Kota Agung, Sukaraja, sample 8, S05°33.032', E104°25.985', 421 m, 02-V-2012; 1 ex, Bukit Barisan Selatan N.P., Kota Agung, Sukaraja, sample 9, S05°32.611', E104°26.353', 455 m, 02-V-2012.

Distribution

Lampung Prov. (Bukit Barisan Selatan N.P., Pedada Bay). Elevation: 371–744 m.

Etymology

This epithet is based on the Latin adjective seriatus (arranged in rows) and refers to the elytral scales.

Notes

Trigonopterus seriatus Riedel, sp. n. was coded as “Trigonopterus sp. 339”.

79. Trigonopterus serratifemur Riedel, sp. n.

http://zoobank.org/05A5185A-017E-44A1-952F-A6C2A7D10865

Diagnostic description

Holotype, male (Fig. 79a). Length 2.46 mm. Color of antennae and legs ferruginous; remainder black. Body in dorsal aspect subovate, with marked constriction between pronotum and elytron; in profile dorsally flattened, apex convex. Rostrum in basal half with median and pair of submedian ridges becoming indistinct apically; intervening furrows each with row of coarse punctures and suberect piliform scales; epistome with indistinct, transverse ridge. Pronotum with sides subparallel, anteriorly with distinct subapical constriction; disk coarsely punctate, reticulate; with indistinct median ridge; sparsely setose with minute setae. Elytra with striae distinct; intervals flat, each with row of small punctures; subbasally punctures more dense and confused; each puncture containing small recumbent scale. Profemur with anteroventral ridge indistinct; meso- and metafemur anteroventrally serrate, bearing row of large sharp teeth, in apical 1/3 simple. Metafemur subapically with stridulatory patch. Dorsal edge of tibia subbasally with angulation, in mesotibia with distinct tooth. Abdominal ventrite 5 flat, coarsely punctate. Penis (Fig. 79b) with sides converging to subangulate, denticulate apex; in profile body bent ventrad at right angle; transfer apparatus flagelliform, 2.0 × longer than body; apodemes 2.0 × as long as body; ductus ejaculatorius with bulbus. Intraspecific variation. Length 2.20–2.70 mm. Female rostrum dorsally punctate-rugose, with median and pair of submedian subglabrous costae; epistome simple.

Material examined

Holotype (MZB): ARC2236 (EMBL # LM655692), East Nusa Tenggara Prov., Flores, Labuhan Bajo, Tebedo, sample 1: S08°29.848', E119°59.633', 525 m, 14-III-2011. Paratypes (MZB, SMNK, ZSM): 12 exx, ARC2237 (EMBL # LM655693), ARC2238 (EMBL # LM655694), ARC2239 (EMBL # LM655695), ARC2240 (EMBL # LM655696), same data as holotype; 1 ex, ARC2223 (EMBL # LM655679), Flores, Labuhan Bajo, Roe, sample 5, S08°35.395', E120°00.383', 790 m, 13-III-2011; 1 ex, ARC2229 (EMBL # LM655685), Flores, Labuhan Bajo, Roe, sample 3, S08°36.259', E120°01.539', 975 m, 13-III-2011.

Distribution

East Nusa Tenggara Prov., Flores (Roe, Tebedo). Elevation: 525–975 m.

Etymology

This epithet is a combination of the Latin nouns serra (saw) and femur (thigh) and is to be treated as noun in apposition.

Notes

Trigonopterus serratifemur Riedel, sp. n. was coded as “Trigonopterus sp. 351”.

80. Trigonopterus setifer Riedel, sp. n.

http://zoobank.org/438D15CE-1842-4ADD-BF5F-307D8FD5FD64

Diagnostic description

Holotype, male (Fig. 80a). Length 3.06 mm. Color ferruginous, sides of elytra black. Body elongate; in dorsal aspect with marked constriction between pronotum and elytron; with distinct constriction in profile. Rostrum with median carina terminating abruptly on forehead; with pair of submedian ridges; intervening furrows each with row of erect, piliform scales; epistome at middle with minute denticle. Pronotum with distinct subapical constriction; disk densely punctate, interspaces partly rugose; punctures each with one piliform scale, in apical half these scales long, suberect. Elytra with striae deeply impressed, each with row of suberect piliform scales; intervals carinate, nude; intervals 2 and 4 basally flat; interval 7 swollen subapically, laterally weakly projecting; sutural interval at apex slightly protruding. Meso- and metafemur with crenulate anteroventral ridge terminating with blunt tooth. Metafemur subapically with stridulatory patch and transverse row of denticles. Abdominal ventrite 5 basally swollen, subapically with pit, sparsely setose. Penis (Fig. 80b); apex with narrow median extension; endophallus in repose basally passing middle of apodemes; transfer apparatus flagelliform, 2 × as long as body, outside of body, from ventrally coiled dorsad over apodeme and endophallic tube; apodemes 2.3 × as long as body; ductus ejaculatorius without bulbus. Intraspecific variation. Length 2.56–3.22 mm. Female rostrum dorsally with pairs of lateral and submedian furrows; epistome simple. Female abdominal ventrite 5 flat.

Material examined

Holotype (MZB): ARC2713 (EMBL # LM655969), West Java, Garut, Cikajang, Mt. Payung, sample 3, S07°25.320', E107°48.259', 1560 m, 26-IV-2012. Paratypes (MZB, SMNK): W-Java Prov., Garut, Cikajang, Mt. Payung: 4 exx, ARC2704 (EMBL # LM655960), ARC2705 (EMBL # LM655961), ARC2709 (EMBL # LM655965), sample 2, S07°25.268', E107°48.492', 1250 m, 26-IV-2012; 1 ex, same data as holotype.

Distribution

W-Java Prov. (Mt. Payung). Elevation: 1250–1560 m.

Etymology

This epithet is a combination of the Latin noun seta (bristle) and the suffix –fer (bear, carry) and refers to the elytral vestiture.

Notes

Trigonopterus setifer Riedel, sp. n. was coded as “Trigonopterus sp. 374”.

81. Trigonopterus silvestris Riedel, sp. n.

http://zoobank.org/4D345252-97B1-453F-ADE6-1F77BE5926A4

Diagnostic description

Holotype, male (Fig. 81a). Length 3.25 mm. Color of legs and head ferruginous, remainder black. Body elongate; in dorsal aspect with marked constriction between pronotum and elytron; in profile dorsally with indistinct constriction. Rostrum with median carina terminating on forehead; with pair of submedian ridges; intervening furrows each with sparse row of erect, piliform scales; epistome medially with transverse ridge, without denticle. Pronotum anterolaterally subangularly projecting; without distinct subapical constriction; disk coarsely rugose-punctate; each puncture containing suberect piliform scale; with median ridge. Elytra with striae deeply impressed; each with row of suberect piliform scales; intervals weakly carinate; costa of interval 2 shortened at base; interval 7 swollen subapically, laterally weakly projecting; apex extended ventrad, beak-shaped. Meso- and metafemur with crenulate anteroventral ridge terminating with blunt tooth. Metafemur subapically with stridulatory patch and transverse row of denticles. Abdominal ventrite 5 almost flat, subapically with shallow pit. Penis (Fig. 81b) with body in profile moderately curved ventrad; in dorsal aspect sides subparallel in basal half, anteriorly gently diverging; apex subangulate, without median extension; apodemes 2.0 × as long as body; ductus ejaculatorius without bulbus. Intraspecific variation. Length 2.79–3.34 mm. Female rostrum dorsally with pairs of lateral and submedian furrows; epistome simple. Elytral apex in males rounded; in females narrower, with distinct median notch. Female abdominal ventrite 5 flat.

Material examined

Holotype (MZB): ARC2668 (EMBL # LM655926), West Java Prov., Sumedang, Sukajadi, Mt. Cakrabuana, sample 3, S07°01.493', E108°08.065', 1394 m, 19-IV-2012. Paratypes (MZB, SMNK, ZSM): W-Java Prov., Sumedang, Sukajadi, Mt. Cakrabuana: 7 exx, ARC2669 (EMBL # LM655927), ARC2670 (EMBL # LM655928), same data as holotype; 1 ex, sample 2, S07°01.243', E108°08.056', 1292 m, 19-IV-2012; 2 exx, sample 4, S07°01.734', E108°08.059', 1530 m, 19-IV-2012; 4 exx, sample 5, S07°01.804', E108°08.044', 1563 m, 20-IV-2012.

Distribution

W-Java Prov. (Mt. Cakrabuana). Elevation: 1292–1563 m.

Etymology

This epithet is based on the Latin adjective silvestris (living in the forest) and refers to the species habitat.

Notes

Trigonopterus silvestris Riedel, sp. n. was coded as “Trigonopterus sp. 373”.

82. Trigonopterus singkawangensis Riedel, sp. n.

http://zoobank.org/E70E6F90-B224-4219-A0CA-F8A21F45CA68

Diagnostic description

Holotype, male (Fig. 82a). Length 1.90 mm. Color ferruginous, pronotum almost black. Body in dorsal aspect subovate, with weak constriction between pronotum and elytron; in profile dorsally convex. Rostrum with median and pair of indistinct submedian ridges; chagreened, with sparse rows of subrecumbent scales; in front of forehead median ridge terminating, projecting from profile; epistome with subangulate ridge. Pronotum with disk densely punctate; interspaces subglabrous, microreticulate; each puncture containing small recumbent seta. Elytra with striae indistinct; punctuation almost confused, punctures small; intervals flat, microreticulate; elytral apex subtruncate. Anteroventral ridge of femora terminating in apical third. Metafemur subapically with stridulatory patch. Dorsal edge of tibiae with subbasal angulation, dentate in pro- and mesotibia. Abdominal ventrites 1–2 at middle concave, subglabrous, anteriorly with few long erect narrow scales, laterally with swollen rim; abdominal ventrite 2 posteriorly with transverse ridge, in profile projecting dentiform; abdominal ventrite 5 basally with transverse costa, at middle weakly concave, subglabrous, laterally punctate and with sparse suberect scales. Penis (Fig. 82b) with sides of body subparallel, near middle widened; apex subtruncate, sparsely setose; transfer apparatus complex, small; apodemes 1.3 × as long as body; ductus ejaculatorius without distinct bulbus. Intraspecific variation. Length 1.90–2.32 mm. Female rostrum dorsally subglabrous, with submedian rows of coarse punctures; epistome simple. Elytral punctuation almost confused or with distinct striae.

Material examined

Holotype (MZB): ARC2547 (EMBL # LM655884), W-Kalimantan Prov., Singkawang, Mt. Poteng, sample 3, N00°51.211', E109°03.418', 651 m, 13-XII-2011. Paratypes (SMNK): 1 ex, ARC2548 (EMBL # LM655885), same data as holotype.

Distribution

W-Kalimantan Prov. (Singkawang). Elevation: 651 m.

Etymology

This epithet is based on the type locality.

Notes

Trigonopterus singkawangensis Riedel, sp. n. was coded as “Trigonopterus sp. 367”.

83. Trigonopterus singularis Riedel, sp. n.

http://zoobank.org/6D189A5B-570D-42E8-9005-42F6D5C5C199

Diagnostic description

Holotype, male (Fig. 83a). Length 3.44 mm. Color of tarsi and antennae ferruginous, remainder black. Body elongate; in dorsal aspect with marked constriction between pronotum and elytron; in profile dorsally with indistinct constriction. Rostrum with median carina terminating on forehead; with pair of submedian ridges; intervening furrows each with row of erect, piliform scales; epistome with transverse, angulate ridge forming minute median denticle. Pronotum without distinct subapical constriction; disk densely punctate, interspaces glabrous; each puncture containing one small scale. Elytra with striae deeply impressed; each with row of narrow, suberect scales; intervals weakly carinate, nude, coriaceous; interval 7 swollen subapically, laterally weakly projecting; apex extended ventrad, beak-shaped. Metafemur with crenulate anteroventral ridge terminating with small tooth; subapically with stridulatory patch and transverse row of denticles. Metatibia in basal half with dorsal edge denticulate. Abdominal ventrite 5 flat, subapically with shallow pit. Penis (Fig. 83b) with body in profile markedly curved ventrad; in dorsal aspect sides basally concave, before apex subparallel; apex medially with small rounded extension; apodemes 1.6 × as long as body; ductus ejaculatorius without bulbus. Intraspecific variation. Length 3.06–3.44 mm. Female rostrum dorsally with pair of lateral furrows, and pair of more shallow submedian furrows; epistome simple. Elytral apex in males rounded, in females narrower, subangulate. Female abdominal ventrite 5 flat. Penis of specimen ARC2747 narrow, sides subparallel from base to shortly before apex.

Material examined

Holotype (MZB): ARC0281 (EMBL # LM655471), East Sumatra, Lampung Prov., Kalianda, Mt. Rajabasa, sample 1, S05°46.896', E105°37.687', 1281 m, 15-VIII-2006. Paratypes (MZB, SMNK): E-Sumatra, Lampung Prov., Kalianda, Mt. Rajabasa: 1 ex, ARC0282 (EMBL # LM655472), same data as holotype; 2 exx, ARC2746 (EMBL # LM656002), ARC2747 (EMBL # LM656003), sample 1, S05°46.896', E105°37.687', 1281 m, 07-V-2012; 1 ex, sample 6, S05°46.651', E105°37.574', 1257 m, 07-V-2012.

Distribution

Lampung Prov. (Mt. Rajabasa). Elevation: 1257–1281 m.

Etymology

This epithet is based on the Latin adjective singularis (alone) and refers to the fact that no other Trigonopterus species could be found on the type locality.

Notes

Trigonopterus singularis Riedel, sp. n. was coded as “Trigonopterus sp. 321”.

84. Trigonopterus sinuatus Riedel, sp. n.

http://zoobank.org/B4422C42-BCE5-4DC5-BC23-2356A241CF00

Diagnostic description

Holotype, male (Fig. 84a). Length 2.95 mm. Color of legs and head ferruginous; pronotum and elytron black with bronze lustre. Body in dorsal aspect with marked constriction between pronotum and elytron; in profile dorsally convex. Rostrum in apical half scabrous, coarsely punctate; in basal half with median and pair of submedian ridges; intervening furrows punctate, each with sparse row of erect setae; epistome with transverse, angulate ridge forming distinct median denticle. Pronotum with sides subparallel, anterolaterally rounded to subapical constriction; disk with pair of submedian impressions, coarsely punctate, reticulate; each puncture containing inconspicuous seta; with distinct median ridge. Elytra with humeri swollen, laterally projecting; interval 5 near middle with distinct tubercle dorsally projecting; interval 6 behind middle swollen, gently projecting from lateral outline; striae indistinct; intervals flat, punctate; at base and laterally densely coarsely punctate, remainder less densely punctate. Anteroventral ridge of femora distinct, in meso- and metafemur forming large tooth. Metafemur subapically with stridulatory patch. Dorsal edge of tibiae subbasally with angulation, in mesotibia with blunt tooth. Abdominal ventrite 5 flat, coarsely punctate. Penis (Fig. 84b) with sides of body subparallel; apex subtruncate, weakly angulate; transfer apparatus compact; apodemes 1.6 × as long as body; ductus ejaculatorius without bulbus. Intraspecific variation. Length 2.23–3.06 mm. Female body more slender. Female rostrum dorsally subglabrous, with submedian rows of punctures and sublateral pair of furrows; epistome simple. Female elytra subovate, without tubercles, lateral contour convex.

Material examined

Holotype (MZB): ARC1510 (EMBL # LM655608), West Nusa Tenggara Prov., Sumbawa, Batu Dulang, Mt. Batu Pasak, sample 2, S08°37.028', E117°15.783', 1305 m, 12-IV-2010. Paratypes (MZB, SMNK, ZSM): West Nusa Tenggara Prov., Sumbawa: 13 exx, ARC1509 (EMBL # LM655607), ARC1511 (EMBL # LM655609), ARC1512 (EMBL # LM655610), same data as holotype; 1 ex, Batu Dulang, Mt. Batu Pasak, sample 3, S08°37.524', E117°15.423', 1385 m, 12-IV-2010; 1 ex, Batu Dulang, Mt. Batu Pasak, sample 3, S08°37.524', E117°15.423', 1385 m, 18-IV-2010; 5 exx, ARC1493 (EMBL # LM655591), ARC1494 (EMBL # LM655592), ARC1495 (EMBL # LM655593), ARC1496 (EMBL # LM655594), Tepal, Pc. Nengas, sample 2, S08°35.884', E117°08.384', 1310 m, 15-IV-2010; 2 exx, Tepal, Pc. Nengas, sample 3, S08°35.386', E117°08.251', 1415 m, 15-IV-2010; 7 exx, Tepal, Pc. Nengas, sample 5, S08°35.740', E117°08.721', 1330 m, 16-IV-2010; 1 ex, Tepal, Pc. Nengas, sample 6, S08°35.533', E117°08.605', 1350 m, 16-IV-2010; 2 exx, Tepal, Pc. Nengas, sample 7, S08°35.176', E117°08.295', 1490 m, 16-IV-2010.

Distribution

West Nusa Tenggara Prov., Sumbawa (Batu Dulang, Tepal). Elevation: 1305–1490 m.

Etymology

This epithet is based on the Latin adjective sinuatus (bent) and refers to the elytral outline.

Notes

Trigonopterus sinuatus Riedel, sp. n. was coded as “Trigonopterus sp. 333” by Tänzler et al. (2014). Cox1 sequences of the populations from Tepal and Batu Dulang differ 15.7–16.0% p-distance, but morphologically no differences could be found.

85. Trigonopterus squalidus Riedel, sp. n.

http://zoobank.org/6B86EF6F-A4DE-453D-8CA7-E45A6890E327

Diagnostic description

Holotype, male (Fig. 85a). Length 2.78 mm. Color of legs and head ferruginous, remainder black. Body elongate; in dorsal aspect with marked constriction between pronotum and elytron; with distinct constriction in profile. Rostrum with median ridge and pair of submedian ridges, intervening furrows punctate; punctures each with erect narrow scale; epistome with transverse, subangulate ridge. Pronotum anterolaterally angularly projecting; with distinct subapical constriction; disk scabrous, punctures each with one small erect scale; interspaces dull, greyish, markedly microreticulate; with irregular median ridge. Elytra with striae deeply impressed, each with row of narrow suberect scales; intervals irregularly costate-tuberculate, with minute recumbent scales; interval 5 subbasally swollen; interval 7 swollen subapically, laterally weakly projecting. Femora edentate, with crenulate anteroventral ridge. Metafemur subapically with stridulatory patch and transverse row of denticles. Abdominal ventrite 5 flat, densely punctate, setose. Penis (Fig. 85b) with body in profile moderately curved; in dorsal aspect sides subparallel, subapically slightly widened; apex with median, acute extension; transfer apparatus flagelliform, 1.5 × longer than body; apodemes 2.4 × as long as body; ductus ejaculatorius without bulbus. Intraspecific variation. Length 2.59–2.84 mm. Female rostrum dorsally subglabrous, with pair of lateral furrows, coarsely punctate; epistome simple.

Material examined

Holotype (MZB): ARC2737 (EMBL # LM655993), East Sumatra, Lampung Prov., Gisting, Sidokaton, Mt. Tanggamus, sample 1, S05°25.475', E104°41.063', 1539 m, 03-V-2012. Paratypes (MZB, SMNK, ZSM): E-Sumatra, Lampung Prov., Gisting, Sidokaton, Mt. Tanggamus: 2 exx, ARC2741 (EMBL # LM655997), ARC2742 (EMBL # LM655998), sample 2, S05°25.491', E104°41.006', 1636 m, 03-V-2012; 4 exx, ARC2744 (EMBL # LM656000), sample 3, S05°25.508', E104°40.882', 1759 m, 03-V-2012; 3 exx, sample 4, S05°25.484', E104°41.027', 1623 m, sifted.

Distribution

Lampung Prov. (Mt. Tanggamus). Elevation: 1539–1759 m.

Etymology

This epithet is based on the Latin adjective squalidus (rough, dirty) and refers to the rough integument often covered with dirt incrustations.

Notes

Trigonopterus squalidus Riedel, sp. n. was coded as “Trigonopterus sp. 371”.

86. Trigonopterus sumatrensis Riedel, sp. n.

http://zoobank.org/1E64DB33-127E-440E-B25C-6BC14E8BCCCF

Diagnostic description

Holotype, male (Fig. 86a). Length 2.38 mm. Color of legs and antennae ferruginous, remainder dark ferruginous to black. Body subhexagonal; in dorsal aspect with marked constriction between pronotum and elytron; with distinct constriction in profile. Rostrum with median ridge and pair of submedian ridges, intervening furrows punctate; punctures each with erect narrow scale; epistome with transverse ridge. Pronotum anterolaterally angularly projecting; with distinct subapical constriction; disk coarsely punctate, each puncture containing one clavate scale; interspaces dull, microreticulate; indistinct median ridge subglabrous. Elytra with striae deeply impressed, each with row of suberect slender yellowish scales; intervals costate to carinate; intervals 1, 3, 5 more distinctly raised; interval 7 swollen subapically, laterally projecting. Profemur edentate, meso- and metafemur ventrally with little tooth. Metafemur subapically with stridulatory patch and transverse rows of denticles. Abdominal ventrite 5 flat. Penis (Fig. 86b) with body in profile markedly curved ventrad; in dorsal aspect sides subparallel; apex with short median extension rounded; transfer apparatus flagelliform, ca. 2 × as long as body; apodemes 2.2 × as long as body; ductus ejaculatorius without bulbus. Intraspecific variation. Length 2.28–2.55 mm. Color of body ferruginous or black. Female rostrum dorsally with pairs of lateral and submedian furrows; epistome simple. Pronotum with anterolateral knobs projecting subrectangularly in males, more acute in females.

Material examined

Holotype (MZB): ARC2743 (EMBL # LM655999), East Sumatra, Lampung Prov., Gisting, Sidokaton, Mt. Tanggamus, sample 2, S05°25.491', E104°41.006', 1636 m, 03-V-2012. Paratypes (MZB, SMNK, ZSM): E-Sumatra, Lampung Prov.: 23 exx, ARC0275 (EMBL # LM655466), ARC0276 (EMBL # LM655467), ARC0277 (EMBL # LM655468), ARC0278 (EMBL # LM655469), ARC0279 (EMBL # LM655470), ARC0393, Sumberjaya, Bodongjaya, Mt. Rigis, sample 3, S05°03.140', E104°26.912', 1351 m, 12-VIII-2006; 27 exx, ARC2738 (EMBL # LM655994), ARC2739 (EMBL # LM655995), ARC2740 (EMBL # LM655996), Gisting, Sidokaton, Mt. Tanggamus, sample 1, S05°25.475', E104°41.063', 1539 m, 03-V-2012; 5 exx, Gisting, Sidokaton, Mt. Tanggamus, sample 2, S05°25.491', E104°41.006', 1636 m, 03-V-2012; 8 exx, ARC2745 (EMBL # LM656001), Gisting, Sidokaton, Mt. Tanggamus, sample 4, S05°25.484', E104°41.027', 1632 m, 03-V-2012.

Distribution

Lampung Prov. (Sumberjaya, Mt. Tanggamus). Elevation: 1351–1636 m.

Etymology

This epithet is based on the name of Sumatra Island.

Notes

Trigonopterus sumatrensis Riedel, sp. n. was coded as “Trigonopterus sp. 300”.

87. Trigonopterus sumbawensis Riedel, sp. n.

http://zoobank.org/BF4BCE1E-0367-4FBC-8BE4-A8A681A56FCA

Diagnostic description

Holotype, male (Fig. 87a). Length 1.76 mm. Color of antennae and tarsi ferruginous, elytra dark ferruginous, remainder black. Body in dorsal aspect with marked constriction between pronotum and elytron; with distinct constriction in profile. Rostrum with median ridge terminating at level of antennal insertion and pair of submedian ridges, coarsely punctate; epistome with transverse, subangulate ridge. Pronotum with indistinct subapical constriction; disk coarsely punctate-rugose, sparsely setose; in basal half with pair of sublateral, kidney-shaped impressions; with median ridge. Elytra with striae deeply impressed, each with row of short, suberect scales; intervals costate, subglabrous; apex rounded. Femora with small tooth; metafemur subapically with stridulatory patch. Abdominal ventrite 5 flat, coarsely punctate. Penis (Fig. 87b) with sides of body subparallel; in apical quarter with sides angularly projecting, abruptly converging to slightly extended apex, medially with sparse setae; transfer apparatus flagelliform, 2.9 × longer than body; apodemes 2.0 × as long as body. Intraspecific variation. Length 1.44–1.98 mm. Body relatively slender or rather roundish (in female ARC2343). Female rostrum dorsally subglabrous, sparsely punctate, with dorsolateral pair of furrows. Elytral intervals subglabrous or with transverse wrinkles. Elytral striae with rows of suberect scales or with rows of subrecumbent setae. Femora with tooth small or minute; profemur with or without tooth.

Material examined

Holotype (MZB): ARC3609 (EMBL # LM656039), West Nusa Tenggara Prov., Sumbawa, Tepal, Pc. Nengas, sample 3, S08°35.386', E117°08.251', 1415 m, 15-IV-2010. Paratypes (MZB, SMNK, ZSM): Sumbawa: 2 exx, ARC3610 (EMBL # LM656040), ARC3611 (EMBL # LM656041), same data as holotype; 4 exx, ARC1533 (EMBL # LM655631), ARC2339 (EMBL # LM655789), ARC2341 (EMBL # LM655791), ARC2343 (EMBL # LM655793), Tepal, Pc. Nengas, sample 7, S08°35.176', E117°08.295', 1490 m, 16-IV-2010; 2 exx, ARC3606 (EMBL # LM656036), ARC3608 (EMBL # LM656038), Tepal, Pc. Nengas, sample 2, S08°35.884', E117°08.384', 1310 m, 15-IV-2010; 2 exx, ARC1516 (EMBL # LM655614), ARC1517(EMBL # LM655615), Batu Dulang, Mt. Batu Pasak, sample 2, S08°37.028', E117°15.783', 1305 m, 12-IV-2010; 3 exx, ARC3653 (EMBL # LM656071), ARC3654 (EMBL # LM656072), ARC3655 (EMBL # LM656073), Batu Dulang, Mt. Batu Pasak, sample 4, S08°37.318', E117°15.339', 1280 m, 18-IV-2010.

Distribution

West Nusa Tenggara Prov., Sumbawa (Batu Dulang, Tepal). Elevation: 1280–1490 m.

Etymology

This epithet is based on the island of Sumbawa.

Notes

Trigonopterus sumbawensis Riedel, sp. n. was coded as “Trigonopterus sp. 326” by Tänzler et al. (2014).

88. Trigonopterus sundaicus Riedel, sp. n.

http://zoobank.org/25CC7286-151B-49E4-89BB-3DB48B840452

Diagnostic description

Holotype, male (Fig. 88a). Length 2.70 mm. Color of head, legs, and sutural interval of elytra ferruginous, remainder black. Body subhexagonal; in dorsal aspect with marked constriction between pronotum and elytron; with distinct constriction in profile. Rostrum with median ridge and pair of submedian ridges, intervening furrows each with row of erect scales; epistome with transverse, angulate ridge forming median denticle. Pronotum anterolaterally angularly projecting; with distinct subapical constriction; disk rugose-punctate, interspaces microreticulate; punctures each with small suberect scale; with glabrous median ridge. Elytra with striae deeply impressed, each with row elongate suberect scales; intervals costate to carinate, with weak transverse wrinkles, microreticulate; interval 7 swollen subapically, laterally projecting. Femora edentate, with crenulate anteroventral ridge. Metafemur subapically with stridulatory patch and transverse rows of denticles. Abdominal ventrites 1–2 with common concavity, each sublaterally with pair of knobs; in profile ventrite 2 projecting angularly; ventrite 5 basally swollen, medially with trapezoid, shallow, polished impression. Penis (Fig. 88b) with sides of body subparallel, apex medially with rounded extension; with ca. 4 symmetrical pairs of elongate endophallic sclerites; transfer apparatus flagelliform, ca. 1.5 × as long as body; apodemes 2.0 × as long as body; ductus ejaculatorius without bulbus. Intraspecific variation. Length 2.12–2.83 mm. Color of body black, partly or fully ferruginous. Female rostrum dorsally with pairs of lateral and submedian furrows; epistome simple. Female abdominal ventrites 1–2 with concavity shallower, sublaterally without knobs; female abdominal ventrite 5 weakly convex, almost flat, with coarse punctures.

Material examined

Holotype (MZB): ARC1536 (EMBL # LM655634), Banten Prov., Pandegelang, Mt. Karang, sample 3, S06°17.110', E106°03.263', 1145 m, 20-III-2010. Paratypes (ARC, MZB, SMNK, ZSM): 5 exx, ARC0102, W-Java Prov., Mt. Halimun N.P., Citalahab, S06°44.503', E106°31.550', 1150 m, 20-21-IX-2004; 9 exx, W-Java Prov., Mt. Halimun N.P., Citalahab, sample 1A, S06°44.503', E106°31.55', 1200 m, 11-IX-2005; 5 exx, W-Java Prov., Mt. Halimun N.P., Citalahab, sample 1, S06°44.423', E106°31.738', 1100 m, 12-IX-2005; 29 exx, ARC0208 (EMBL # LM655430), ARC0209 (EMBL # LM655431), ARC0210 (EMBL # LM655432), ARC0392, W-Java Prov., Mt. Halimun N.P., Citalahab, sample 2, S06°44.503', E106°31.550', 1200 m, 12-IX-2005; 9 exx, W-Java Prov., N Ciptarasa, sample 2, S06°50.045', E106°30.218', 1050 m, 19-IX-2005; 6 exx, ARC0189 (EMBL # LM655413), W-Java Prov., N Ciptarasa, sample 3, S06°49.867', E106°30.085', 1100 m, 19-IX-2005; 3 exx, W-Java Prov., N Ciptarasa, sample 4, S06°49.802', E106°30.020', 1150 m, 19-IX-2005; 3 exx, ARC1537 (EMBL # LM655635), ARC1539 (EMBL # LM655637), same data as holotype; 1 ex, Banten Prov., Pandegelang, Mt. Karang, sample 2, S06°17.266', E106°03.262', 1025 m, 20-III-2010; 1 ex, Banten Prov., Pandegelang, Mt. Karang, sample 3, S06°17.110', E106°03.263', 1145 m, 26-IV-2010; 1 ex, ARC1538 (EMBL # LM655636), Banten Prov., Pandegelang, Mt. Karang, sample 8, 1100 m, 26-IV-2010.

Distribution

Banten Prov. (Mt. Karang), W-Java Prov. (Mt. Halimun N.P.). Elevation: 1100–1200 m.

Etymology

This epithet is based on the type locality which is situated just east of the Sunda Strait; it is also part of the Sunda region of Java.

Notes

Trigonopterus sundaicus Riedel, sp. n. was coded as “Trigonopterus sp. 296”.

89. Trigonopterus suturalis Riedel, sp. n.

http://zoobank.org/FA64A747-1C40-4A77-9D1E-4AA7BEF1274F

Diagnostic description

Holotype, male (Fig. 89a). Length 2.53 mm. Color of head, legs, and sutural interval of elytra ferruginous, remainder black. Body in dorsal aspect with marked constriction between pronotum and elytron; with distinct constriction in profile. Rostrum with median ridge and pair of submedian ridges, intervening furrows punctate; epistome with indistinct, transverse, subangulate ridge. Pronotum anterolaterally angularly projecting; with distinct subapical constriction; disk punctate, interspaces microreticulate; punctures each with one slender suberect scale; with median ridge. Elytra with striae deeply impressed, each with row of slender, suberect scales; intervals carinate, almost nude, microreticulate; sutural interval basally swollen; interval 7 swollen subapically, laterally weakly projecting. Femora edentate. Metafemur subapically with stridulatory patch and transverse ridge. Abdominal ventrite 5 flat, densely punctate, sparsely setose. Penis (Fig. 89b) with body flattened, in profile markedly curved; in dorsal aspect sides subparallel; apex with median, triangular extension; transfer apparatus flagelliform, slightly longer than body; apodemes 2.4 × as long as body; ductus ejaculatorius without bulbus. Intraspecific variation. Length 2.10–2.58 mm. Color of body with sutural interval ferruginous or completely black. Body shape slightly more elongate or compact. Female rostrum dorsally with pairs of lateral and submedian furrows; epistome simple.

Material examined

Holotype (MZB): ARC2652 (EMBL # LM655910), West Java Prov., Bogor, Cidahu, Mt. Salak (near Javana Spa), sample 3, S06°43.425', E106°43.227', 1756 m, 13-IV-2012. Paratypes (ARC, MZB, SMNK, ZSM): W-Java Prov.: 6 exx, ARC0104, ARC0184 (EMBL # LM655409), Mt. Halimun N.P., Pasir Banteng, Mt. Botol, 1550 m, 17-XI-2004; 3 exx, Mt. Halimun N.P., Citalahab, Mt. Kendeng, 1550 m, 19-XI-2004; 3 exx, ARC2648 (EMBL # LM655906), ARC2649 (EMBL # LM655907), Bogor, Cidahu, Mt. Salak (near Javana Spa), sample 1, S06°43.733', E106°42.711', 1429 m, 13-IV-2012; 5 exx, same data as holotype; 1 ex, ARC2653 (EMBL # LM655911), Sukabumi, Mt. Gede, Cisaat, Situ Gunung, sample 1, S06°49.377', E106°55.729', 1281 m, 15-IV-2012; 1 ex, ARC2663 (EMBL # LM655921), Sukabumi, Mt. Gede, Cisaat, Situ Gunung, sample 5, S06°47.912', E106°56.457', 1940 m, 16-IV-2012; 1 ex, Sukabumi, Mt. Gede, Cisaat, Situ Gunung, sample 4, S06°48.250', E106°56.271', 1720 m, 16-IV-2012; 4 exx, ARC2666 (EMBL # LM655924), Sukabumi, Mt. Gede, Cisaat, Situ Gunung, sample 7, S06°48.377', E106°56.183', 1637 m, 16-IV-2012, under Lithocarpus sp.; 1 exx, ARC0159, Garut, Kawah Kamojang, sample 2, S07°09.578', E107°47.802', 1400 m, 26-IX-2005; 2 exx, ARC0182 (EMBL # LM655407), Garut, Kawah Kamojang, sample 3, S07°09.497', E107°47.828', 1430 m, 26-IX-2005; 4 exx, ARC0256 (EMBL # LM655448), ARC0257 (EMBL # LM655449), ARC0258 (EMBL # LM655450), Telaga Warna, between Puncak and Cipanas, sample 1, S06°42.253', E106°59.755', 1585 m, 06-VIII-2006; 11 exx Telaga Warna, between Puncak and Cipanas, sample 2, S06°42.097', E106°59.833', 1477 m, 06-VIII-2006.

Distribution

W-Java Prov., (Mt. Gede, Mt. Halimun N.P., Kawah Kamojang, Mt. Salak). Elevation: 1400–1940 m.

Etymology

This epithet is based on the Latin adjective suturalis and refers to the basally swollen elytral suture.

Notes

Trigonopterus suturalis Riedel, sp. n. was coded as “Trigonopterus sp. 304”.

90. Trigonopterus syarbis Riedel, sp. n.

http://zoobank.org/D126AED6-7550-4C91-9CA2-01D21F05243A

Diagnostic description

Holotype, male (Fig. 90a). Length 2.45 mm. Color of legs and antennae ferruginous; remainder black; elytron with reddish coppery lustre. Body in dorsal aspect with marked constriction between pronotum and elytron; in profile dorsally convex. Rostrum with median and pair of submedian ridges becoming indistinct apically; intervening furrows each with row of coarse punctures and sparse, suberect, piliform scales; epistome with indistinct, transverse ridge. Pronotum with sides weakly converging to subapical constriction; disk with pair of shallow submedian impressions, coarsely punctate, reticulate; each puncture containing inconspicuous seta; medially with indistinct ridge. Elytra with striae 1–7 deeply incised, with sparse rows of suberect, yellowish, piliform scales; intervals flat, punctate; near base and apex scales slightly more dense. Anteroventral ridge of femora distinct, in meso- and metafemur forming large tooth. Metafemur subapically with stridulatory patch. Dorsal tibial edge subbasally with angulation; mesotibia in apical 1/3 with tooth on dorsal edge. Onychium minute, drop-shaped, with median spine instead of pair of claws. Abdominal ventrite 5 flat, coarsely punctate. Penis (Fig. 90b) with sides of body subparallel, diverging to bisinuate apex; apical orifice with fringe of long setae; transfer apparatus small, compact; apodemes 1.7 × as long as body; ductus ejaculatorius without indistinct bulbus.

Material examined

Holotype (MZB): ARC2195 (EMBL # LM655651), East Nusa Tenggara Prov., Flores, Ruteng, Mt. Ranaka, sample 1, S08°37.321', E120°31.463', 1535 m, 08-III-2011.

Distribution

East Nusa Tenggara Prov., Flores (Ruteng). Elevation: 1535 m.

Etymology

This epithet is based on the weevil genus Syarbis to which it bears some superficial resemblance e.g. in the reduction of the onychium. It is to be treated as a noun in apposition.

Notes

Trigonopterus syarbis Riedel, sp. n. was coded as “Trigonopterus sp. 350”.

91. Trigonopterus telagensis Riedel, sp. n.

http://zoobank.org/160BF790-2480-4C82-B287-4AB20BB473F4

Diagnostic description

Holotype, male (Fig. 91a). Length 2.55 mm. Color of antennae and legs ferruginous; remainder black. Body subovate, in dorsal aspect with weak constriction between pronotum and elytron; in profile dorsally convex. Rostrum with median ridge and pair of submedian ridges, intervening furrows each with sparse row of mesad directed scales; epistome with irregular transverse ridge. Pronotum coarsely punctate, reticulate-costate, with median costa; with sparse, recumbent scales. Elytra with striae dorsally deeply incised, laterally marked by rows of coarse punctures; intervals markedly costate, dorsally flattened, with rows of punctures; sutural interval basally slightly widened laterad; each puncture containing small recumbent scale; elytral apex subtruncate. Femora with simple anteroventral ridge. Metafemur subapically with stridulatory patch. Abdominal ventrite 5 coarsely punctate, with sparse subrecumbent scales. Penis (Fig. 91b) with sides of body subparallel, with shallow constriction at middle, before apex sides slightly swollen; apex with median angulate extension; transfer apparatus with thick median rod 1.7 × as long as body; median rod projecting basad further than apicad; apodemes 2.8 × as long as body; ductus ejaculatorius without bulbus. Intraspecific variation. Length 2.35–2.75 mm. Color of elytra dark ferruginous to black. Female rostrum in apical half slender, dorsally subglabrous, with submedian rows of punctures, laterally punctate-rugose; epistome simple.

Material examined

Holotype (MZB): ARC2312 (EMBL # LM655765), Bali, Busungbiu – Pupuan, Telaga, Primatani reserve, sample 2, S08°17.304', E114°56.635', 625 m, 02-IV-2011. Paratypes (MZB, SMNK, ZSM): Bali: 6 exx, ARC2313 (EMBL # LM655766), ARC2314 (EMBL # LM655767), ARC2956 (EMBL # LM656009), ARC2957 (EMBL # LM656010), ARC2958 (EMBL # LM656011), same data as holotype; 21 exx, ARC0723, ARC0724, ARC0725, ARC0726 (PCR failed), Busungbiu – Pupuan, S08°17.64', E114°56.72', 600–700 m, sifted.

Distribution

Bali (Telaga). Elevation: 625 m.

Etymology

This epithet is based on the type locality, Telaga.

Notes

Trigonopterus telagensis Riedel, sp. n. was coded as “Trigonopterus sp. 289” by Tänzler et al. (2014).

92. Trigonopterus tepalensis Riedel, sp. n.

http://zoobank.org/FE88CB46-FFD3-4E18-99AF-EDA462185900

Diagnostic description

Holotype, male (Fig. 92a). Length 1.98 mm. Color of antennae and legs ferruginous, sutural interval dark ferruginous; remainder black. Body subovate, in dorsal aspect and in profile with weak constriction between pronotum and elytron. Rostrum with median ridge and pair of submedian ridges, intervening furrows each with sparse row of mesad directed setae; epistome simple. Pronotum coarsely punctate, submedially interspaces longitudinally rugose, with median costa; with sparse, suberect, slender scales. Elytra with striae deeply impressed; each with row of slender suberect setae; intervals costate, subglabrous, some with scattered punctures; with dense row of punctures on sutural interval, facing mesad towards incised suture. Femora with simple, crenate anteroventral ridge. Metafemur subapically with stridulatory patch. Metatibia apically with uncus, without premucro. Abdominal ventrite 5 coarsely punctate, with sparse suberect setae; with median carina. Penis (Fig. 92b) with sides of body converging, at middle with shallow constriction; containing pairs of sclerites; apex sparsely setose, with median extension indistinct, rounded; transfer apparatus symmetrical, with two pairs of tendons attached; apodemes 2.5 × as long as body; ductus ejaculatorius without bulbus.

Material examined

Holotype (MZB): ARC3588 (EMBL # LM656020), West Nusa Tenggara Prov., W-Sumbawa, Tepal, Pc. Nengas, sample 5, S08°35.740', E117°08.721', 1330 m, 16-IV-2010.

Distribution

West Nusa Tenggara Prov., Sumbawa (Tepal). Elevation: 1330 m.

Etymology

This epithet is based on the type locality.

Notes

Trigonopterus tepalensis Riedel, sp. n. was coded as “Trigonopterus sp. 439”.

93. Trigonopterus tiga Riedel, sp. n.

http://zoobank.org/99179946-5A7F-4785-A26D-F1B11E2C72BB

Diagnostic description

Holotype, male (Fig. 93a). Length 2.34 mm. Color of antennae light ferruginous, legs and sutural interval dark ferruginous; remainder black. Body subovate, in dorsal aspect with weak constriction between pronotum and elytron; with distinct constriction in profile. Rostrum with median ridge and pair of irregular submedian ridges, intervening furrows each with sparse row of mesad directed setae; epistome with transverse ridge. Pronotum coarsely punctate, laterally reticulate, submedially interspaces longitudinally rugose, with median costa; with sparse, slender, subrecumbent scales. Elytra with striae deeply impressed, with row of coarse punctures, each puncture containing one suberect bristle; intervals costate, subglabrous; suture incised, dull microreticulate, bordered by row of punctures. Femora with simple, crenate anteroventral ridge. Metafemur subapically with stridulatory patch. Abdominal ventrite 5 dull, coriaceous, at middle with shallow impression, with distinct median carina. Penis (Fig. 93b) with sides of body slightly diverging in straight line; apex subangulate, subglabrous, sparsely setose; orifice with complex sclerites; transfer apparatus compact, symmetrical, apically with large anchor-shaped sclerite; apodemes 3.3 × as long as body; ductus ejaculatorius without bulbus. Intraspecific variation. Length 1.98–2.34 mm. Female rostrum in apical half dorsally subglabrous, punctate; epistome simple. Female abdominal ventrite flat, with weak median ridge.

Material examined

Holotype (MZB): ARC2243 (EMBL # LM655698), East Nusa Tenggara Prov., Flores Isl., Labuhan Bajo, Tebedo, sample 1, S08°29.848', E119°59.633', 525 m, 14-III-2011. Paratypes (SMNK): Flores Isl., Labuhan Bajo: 1 ex, ARC2225 (EMBL # LM655681), Roe, sample 5, S08°35.395', E120°00.383', 790 m, 13-III-2011.

Distribution

East Nusa Tenggara Prov., Flores (Labuhan Bajo). Elevation: 525–790 m.

Etymology

This epithet is based on the Indonesian word for “three” and is treated as a noun in apposition.

Notes

Trigonopterus tiga Riedel, sp. n. was coded as “Trigonopterus sp. 291” by Tänzler et al. (2014).

94. Trigonopterus trigonopterus Riedel, sp. n.

http://zoobank.org/A5C12008-E81C-4EE7-BEE4-30D38D0F76E6

Diagnostic description

Holotype, male (Fig. 94a). Length 3.00 mm. Color of antennae light ferruginous, pronotum black, remainder dark ferruginous. Body in dorsal aspect subrhomboid, with marked constriction between pronotum and elytron; profile with blunt angulation between pronotum and elytron. Rostrum with median and pair of submedian ridges; with sparse suberect scales; epistome with transverse, subangulate ridge. Pronotum with indistinct subapical constriction; disk densely punctate, reticulate; each puncture containing small recumbent seta. Elytra with humeri markedly swollen, laterally subangularly projecting, with coarse punctures; striae distinct, deeply impressed, each with sparse row of suberect scales; intervals costate, weakly microreticulate; sutural intervals with row of smaller punctures, swollen apically; interval 8 apically forming short ridge. Metafemur subapically with stridulatory patch. Dorsal edge of tibiae subbasally dentate. Abdominal ventrites 1–2 forming common cavity, at middle flat, subglabrous, with sparse erect scales; laterally with distinct rim; abdominal ventrite 2 in profile projecting dentiform; abdominal ventrite 5 flat, coarsely punctate, with sparse erect scales. Penis (Fig. 94b) with sides of body subparallel, containing bell-shaped sclerite; apex rounded; transfer apparatus flagelliform, ca. 4 × as long as body; apodemes 3.4 × as long as body; ductus ejaculatorius without bulbus. Intraspecific variation. Length 2.26–3.00 mm. Color of body light or dark ferruginous. Female rostrum dorsally medially subglabrous, sublaterally punctate-rugose; epistome simple. Female elytra with humeri less prominent, convex.

Material examined

Holotype (MZB): ARC2531 (EMBL # LM655868), W-Kalimantan Prov., Bengkayan, Suka-Bangun, Mt. Bawang, sample 2, N00°53.514', E109°22.301', 275 m, 10-XII-2011. Paratypes (MZB, SMNK, ZSM): W-Kalimantan Prov., Bengkayan, Suka-Bangun, Mt. Bawang: 7 exx, ARC2530 (EMBL # LM655867), ARC2532 (EMBL # LM655869), ARC2533 (EMBL # LM655870), same data as holotype; 3 exx, sample 3, N00°53.621', E109°22.475', 400 m, 10-XII-2011; 1 ex, sample 6, N00°53.992', E109°22.502', 556 m, 11-XII-2011; 6 exx, ARC2544 (EMBL # LM655881), sample 7, N00°53.921', E109°22.444', 515 m, 11-XII-2011; 1 ex, ARC2545 (EMBL # LM655882), sample 8, N00°53.736', E109°22.316', 411 m, 11-XII-2011.

Distribution

W-Kalimantan Prov. (Mt. Bawang). Elevation: 275–556 m.

Etymology

This epithet is based on the generic name, which is describing the triangular shape of the elytra very well. It is to be treated as a noun in apposition.

Notes

Trigonopterus trigonopterus Riedel, sp. n. was coded as “Trigonopterus sp. 363” by Tänzler et al. (2014).

95. Trigonopterus tujuh Riedel, sp. n.

http://zoobank.org/2185E8B2-43AF-4265-8B4C-38A004CF3E1D

Diagnostic description

Holotype, male (Fig. 95a). Length 2.27 mm. Color of antennae and legs ferruginous; remainder black. Body subovate, in dorsal aspect and in profile with weak constriction between pronotum and elytron. Rostrum with median ridge and pair of indistinct submedian ridges, intervening furrows each with sparse row of mesad directed setae; anteriorly scabrous; epistome with transverse ridge. Pronotum coarsely punctate, interspaces longitudinally rugose, with median costa; with sparse, subrecumbent scales. Elytra with striae deeply impressed; each puncture containing small suberect seta; subbasally with sparse, slender, suberect scales; intervals weakly costate, almost flat, subglabrous, sutural interval with sparse coarse punctures; in basal half incised suture bordered by row of punctures, partly overgrown by sutural interval. Femora with simple, crenate anteroventral ridge. Metafemur subapically with stridulatory patch. Metatibia apically with uncus, without premucro. Abdominal ventrite 5 coarsely punctate, except apical third subglabrous. Penis (Fig. 96b) with sides of body subparallel, weakly converging; apex rounded, sparsely setose; transfer apparatus small, compact, symmetrical; apodemes 2.0 × as long as body; ductus ejaculatorius without bulbus. Intraspecific variation. Length 2.27–2.36 mm. Female unknown.

Material examined

Holotype (MZB): ARC2231 (EMBL # LM655687), East Nusa Tenggara Prov., Flores Isl., Labuhan Bajo, Roe, sample 3, S08°36.259', E120°01.539', 975 m, 13-III-2011 (MZB). Paratypes (MZB, SMNK): 4 exx, ARC2590 (EMBL # LM655899), same data as holotype.

Distribution

East Nusa Tenggara Prov., Flores (Labuhan Bajo). Elevation: 975 m.

Etymology

This epithet is based on the Indonesian word for “seven” and is treated as a noun in apposition.

Notes

Trigonopterus tujuh Riedel, sp. n. was coded as “Trigonopterus sp. 325” by Tänzler et al. (2014).

96. Trigonopterus ujungkulonensis Riedel, sp. n.

http://zoobank.org/3C7F602D-DEEA-4CC6-AA5B-B854D33BD761

Diagnostic description

Holotype, male (Fig. 96a). Length 2.88 mm. Color of antennae light ferruginous, legs and head dark ferruginous, remainder black. Body elongate; in dorsal aspect with marked constriction between pronotum and elytron; in profile dorsally without constriction. Rostrum dorsally microreticulate; in basal half with median carina terminating on forehead; with pair of submedian ridges; intervening furrows each with row of punctures and erect scales; epistome with transverse, angulate ridge forming distinct median denticle. Pronotum anterolaterally subangularly projecting; without distinct subapical constriction; disk coarsely punctate-reticulate; each puncture containing small recumbent scale; with median glabrous wrinkle. Elytra with striae deeply impressed; each with row of narrow subrecumbent scales; intervals weakly costate, basally with row of small punctures; basally punctation confused; interval 7 swollen subapically, laterally weakly projecting; sutural interval swollen at apex, protruding. Femora edentate. Metafemur subapically with stridulatory patch and transverse row of denticles. Abdominal ventrite 5 with broadly impressed, shallow pit. Penis (Fig. 96b); sides of body subparallel; apex with median, acute triangular extension; transfer apparatus small; apodemes 2.5 × as long as body; ductus ejaculatorius without bulbus. Intraspecific variation. Length 2.58–3.05 mm. Color of body black, dark ferruginous, or light ferruginous. Female rostrum dorsally with median and pair of submedian costae glabrous; intervening furrows each with row of punctures bearing small scales or scales partly abraded; epistome simple. Elytra with scales long, suberect, or short, subrecumbent. Female abdominal ventrite 5 flat.

Material examined

Holotype (MZB): ARC1540 (EMBL # LM655638), Java, Banten Prov., Ujung Kulon N.P., Tama Jaya, Mt. Honje, sample 5, S06°46.241', E105°31.542', 260 m, 24-IV-2010 (MZB). Paratypes (MZB, SMNK, ZSM): Java, Banten Prov., Ujung Kulon N.P., Tama Jaya, Mt. Honje: 35 exx, ARC1541 (EMBL # LM655639), same data as holotype; 23 exx, ARC1545 (EMBL # LM655643), ARC1546 (EMBL # LM655644), sample 4, S06°46.141', E105°31.649', 395 m, 23-IV-2010; 55 exx, sample 4, S06°46.141', E105°31.649', 395 m, 24-IV-2010; 24 exx, sample 6, S06°46.206', E105°31.592', 305 m, 24-IV-2010.

Distribution

Banten Prov. (Ujung Kulon N.P.). Elevation: 260–395 m.

Etymology

This epithet is based on the type locality.

Notes

Trigonopterus ujungkulonensis Riedel, sp. n. was coded as “Trigonopterus sp. 318”.

97. Trigonopterus variolosus Riedel, sp. n.

http://zoobank.org/E9F553A1-34D2-4FCB-A9AC-3E37DA83D62F

Diagnostic description

Holotype, male (Fig. 97a). Length 2.35 mm. Color black, tarsi and antennae ferruginous. Body elongate; in dorsal aspect with marked constriction between pronotum and elytron; with distinct constriction in profile. Rostrum coarsely rugose-punctate, with median ridge and pair of irregular submedian ridges; epistome with indistinct, transverse, subangulate ridge. Pronotum with distinct subapical constriction; disk scabrous, punctures each with one erect seta; with median ridge. Elytra with striae deeply impressed, each with row of stout suberect bristles; intervals costate-tuberculate, almost nude; interval 3 most prominent; sutural interval swollen apically; interval 7 swollen subapically, laterally weakly projecting. Femora edentate. Metafemur subapically with stridulatory patch. Abdominal ventrite 5 flat, densely punctate, setose. Penis (Fig. 97b) with body flattened, in profile markedly curved; in dorsal aspect sides weakly diverging apicad; apex with median, triangular extension; transfer apparatus flagelliform, 1.1 × longer than body; apodemes 2.6 × as long as body; ductus ejaculatorius without bulbus. Intraspecific variation. Length 2.13–2.50 mm. Female rostrum dorsally with median costa and pair of submedian costae separated by rows of coarse punctures; epistome simple. Elytra with sutural interval apically more or less swollen.

Material examined

Holotype (MZB): ARC0314 (EMBL # LM655504), West Java Prov., SW Bandung, Ciwidey, Mt. Patuha, sample 2, S07°09.699', E107°24.377', 2100 m, 06-IX-2006. Paratypes (MZB, ARC, SMNK, ZSM): W-Java Prov.: 2 exx, ARC0312 (EMBL # LM655502), ARC0313 (EMBL # LM655503), same data as holotype; 5 exx, ARC0315 (EMBL # LM655505), ARC0316 (EMBL # LM655506), SW Bandung, Ciwidey, Mt. Patuha, sample 3, S07°09.336', E107°24.260', 2015 m, 06-IX-2006; 6 exx, ARC0004, Ciwidey, Gambung, Mt. Tilu, 1900 m, 12-VI-2002; 13 exx, ARC0169, ARC0214 (EMBL # LM655436), ARC0215 (EMBL # LM655437), Cilawu, Mt. Cikuray, sample 3, S07°19.075', E107°52.338', 2050 m, 24-IX-2005.

Distribution

W-Java Prov., (Mt. Cikuray, Mt. Patuha, Mt. Tilu). Elevation: 1900–2100 m.

Etymology

This epithet is based on the Latin adjective variolosus (scarred) and refers to the species´ rough sculpture.

Notes

Trigonopterus variolosus Riedel, sp. n. was coded as “Trigonopterus sp. 302”.

98. Trigonopterus vulcanicus Riedel, sp. n.

http://zoobank.org/079AC42E-BEF1-4453-B37B-FFBC08F39D5B

Diagnostic description

Holotype, male (Fig. 98a). Length 3.76 mm. Color of legs and antennae ferruginous, remainder black. Body elongate; in dorsal aspect with marked constriction between pronotum and elytron; in profile dorsally evenly convex. Rostrum with median carina terminating on forehead and pair of submedian ridges; intervening furrows each with row of erect piliform scales; epistome with transverse, angulate ridge forming indistinct median denticle. Pronotum anterolaterally markedly projecting, rounded; with subapical constriction; disk coarsely punctate, partly scabrous, interspaces microreticulate; each puncture containing small seta; disk with pair of submedian, shallow impressions. Elytra with striae indistinct; intervals flat; punctation dense, confused, near basal margin punctures partly confluent; each puncture containing small recumbent seta; interspaces dull, coriaceous, microreticulate; interval 7 swollen subapically, laterally weakly projecting; sutural interval at apex forming median, apically bifid protrusion. Anteroventral ridge of femora forming blunt tooth. Metafemur subapically with stridulatory patch and transverse row of denticles. Abdominal ventrite 5 flat, coarsely punctate, sparsely setose with long erect setae. Penis (Fig. 98b) with body in profile markedly curved ventrad; sides of body subparallel; apex broadly rounded; transfer apparatus minute; apodemes slightly shorter than body; ductus ejaculatorius without bulbus. Intraspecific variation. Length 2.68–3.88 mm. Integument of males dull, microreticulate; females with punctures sparser and smaller, interspaces polished. Female rostrum dorsally with glabrous median costa and pair of submedian costae separated by punctate furrow; epistome simple. Female elytra with lateral contour from humeri more evenly convex to apex; suture extended into acute process. Penis with body relatively short and robust in Western population; rather slender, long, basally markedly curved in Central population; intermediate between these two in Eastern population.

Material examined

Holotype (MZB): ARC2514 (EMBL # LM655851), West Java Prov., Bandung, Lembang, Pangli, Mt. Bukittinggul, sample 1, S06°48.810', E107°44.216', 1753 m, 03-XII-2011. Paratypes (MZB, SMNK, ZSM): 2 exx, ARC0254 (EMBL # LM655446), ARC0255 (EMBL # LM655447), W-Java Prov., Telaga Warna, between Puncak and Cipanas, S06°42.253', E106°59.755', sample 1, 1584 m, 06-VIII-2006; 1 ex, ARC2662 (EMBL # LM655920), W-Java Prov., Sukabumi, Mt. Gede, Cisaat, Situ Gunung, sample 3, S06°48.628', E106°56.077', 1462 m, 16-IV-2012; 1 ex, ARC2667 (EMBL # LM655925), W-Java Prov., Sukabumi, Mt. Gede, Cisaat, Situ Gunung, sample 7, under Lithocarpus sp., S06°48.377', E106°56.183', 1637 m, 16-IV-2012; 3 exx, ARC2515 (EMBL # LM655852), same data as holotype; 4 exx, ARC2518 (EMBL # LM655855), ARC2519 (EMBL # LM655856), W-Java Prov., Bandung, Lembang, Pangli, Mt. Bukittinggul, sample 2, S06°48.845', E107°44.074', 1898 m, 03-XII-2011; 7 exx, ARC2706 (EMBL # LM655962), ARC2707 (EMBL # LM655963), ARC2708 (EMBL # LM655964), W-Java Prov., Garut, Cikajang, Mt. Payung, sample 2, S07°25.268', E107°48.492', 1250 m, 26-IV-2012; 6 exx, ARC2712 (EMBL # LM655968), W-Java Prov., Garut, Cikajang, Mt. Payung, sample 3, S07°25.320', E107°48.259', 1560 m, 26-IV-2012; 3 exx, ARC0205 (EMBL # LM655427), ARC0206 (EMBL # LM655428), ARC0207 (EMBL # LM655429), W-Java Prov., Garut, Cilawu, Mt. Cikuray, sample 1, S07°18.578', E107°52.622', 1648 m, 24-IX-2005; 3 exx, ARC0161, ARC0187 (EMBL # LM655412), W-Java Prov., Garut, Cilawu, Mt. Cikuray, sample 2, S07°18.840', E107°52.512', 1800 m, 24-IX-2005; 7 exx, ARC2720 (EMBL # LM655976), ARC2721 (EMBL # LM655977), ARC2722 (EMBL # LM655978), W-Java Prov., Garut, Wanaraja, Talagabodas, sample 2, S07°11.966', E108°03.984', 1719 m, 27-IV-2012; 1 ex, ARC2723 (EMBL # LM655979), W-Java Prov., Garut, Wanaraja, Talagabodas, sample 1, S07°12.511', E108°03.554', 1741 m, 27-IV-2012; 6 exx, ARC0162, ARC0173, ARC0199 (EMBL # LM655421), ARC0200 (EMBL # LM655422), W-Java Prov., Ciamis, Mt. Sawal, Batu Cakra, S07°14.920', E108°15.762', 990 m, 01-X-2005; 1 ex, W-Java Prov., Ciamis, Mt. Sawal, Blok Cireong, sample 2, S07°14.127', E108°15.568', 1120 m, 01-X-2005; 9 exx, ARC0293 (EMBL # LM655483), ARC0294 (EMBL # LM655484), ARC0295 (EMBL # LM655485), C-Java Prov., N slopes of Dieng figau, Petungkriyono, mountain N Tinalum, sample 1, S07°06.418', E109°44.514', 1115 m, 22-VIII-2006; 6 exx, ARC0298 (EMBL # LM655488), ARC0299 (EMBL # LM655489), ARC0300 (EMBL # LM655490), C-Java Prov., N slopes of Dieng figau, Petungkriyono, Mt. Deles, sample 3, S07°08.225', E109°43.555', 1495 m, 24-VIII-2006; 7 exx, C-Java Prov., N slopes of Dieng figau, Petungkriyono, Mt. Deles, sample 1, S07°08.221', E109°43.599', 1505 m, 24-VIII-2006; 2 exx, C-Java, Mt. Slamet, Guci, sample 5, S07°11.953', E109°10.497', 1620 m, 27-XI-2011; 6 exx, ARC2499 (EMBL # LM655836), ARC2500 (EMBL # LM655837), Central Java Prov., Mt. Slamet, Guci, sample 6, S07°11.983', E109°10.556', 1671 m, 27-XI-2011; 9 exx, ARC2501 (EMBL # LM655838), ARC2502 (EMBL # LM655839), C-Java Prov., Mt. Slamet, Guci, sample 4, S07°12.304', E109°10.450', 1406 m, 27-XI-2011.

Distribution

W-Java Prov. (Mt. Gede N.P., Mt. Bukittinggul, Mt. Cikuray, Mt. Payung, Talagabodas, Mt. Sawal), C-Java Prov. (Dieng, Mt. Slamet). Elevation: 990–1898 m.

Etymology

This epithet is based on the Latin adjective vulcanicus and refers to its presence on volcanic mountains.

Notes

Trigonopterus vulcanicus Riedel, sp. n. was coded as “Trigonopterus sp. 313”. This species is divided into three populations that exhibit slightly different shapes of the penis; however, they hardly justify recognition as separate species. The western population is found at Mt. Gede; the central population at Mt. Bukittinggul, Mt. Cikuray, Mt. Payung and Talagabodas; and the Eastern population at Mt. Sawal, Dieng, and Mt. Slamet.

99. Trigonopterus wallacei Riedel, sp. n.

http://zoobank.org/7504E20B-BE06-4E9C-9E10-45C3FFF57E47

Diagnostic description

Holotype, male (Fig. 99a). Length 1.52 mm. Color of antennae, tarsi and tibiae ferruginous; remainder black. Body subovate, in dorsal aspect and in profile with weak constriction between pronotum and elytron. Rostrum basally with median ridge and pair of submedian ridges terminating near middle with marked protrusion, with rows of erect clavate scales; protrusion anteriorly steeply declivous, hollowed; between protuberance and epistome relatively flat, subglabrous, microreticulate; epistome at middle with dorsoposteriad directed horn, laterally with pair of denticles. Pronotum coarsely punctate-reticulate, each puncture with one clavate suberect scale. Elytra with striae deeply impressed; punctures large, each bearing one suberect scale; intervals narrow, weakly costate, subglabrous, microreticulate; apex subtruncate. Metafemur subapically with stridulatory patch. Abdominal ventrite 5 flat, coarsely punctate. Penis (Fig. 99b) with sides of body subparallel; apex rounded; transfer apparatus flagelliform; apodemes 2.9 × as long as body; ductus ejaculatorius sclerotized, swollen, apically torn off. Intraspecific variation. Length 1.52–1.79 mm. Female rostrum dorsally even, without teeth or cavities, punctate-rugose.

Material examined

Holotype (SMNK): ARC2525 (EMBL # LM655862), MALAYSIA, Sarawak, Kuching, Mt. Santubong, sample 3, N01°43.884', E110°19.727', 496 m, 06-XII-2011. Paratypes (ARC, SMNK): MALAYSIA, Sarawak, Kuching: 2 exx, ARC2526 (EMBL # LM655863), same data as holotype; 1 ex, ARC2529 (EMBL # LM655866), Mt. Santubong, sample 4, N01°43.884', E110°19.715', 487 m, 06-XII-2011; 2 exx, sample 5, N01°43.843', E110°19.672', 478 m, 06-XII-2011; 2 exx, sample 6, N01°43.830', E110°19.601', 375 m, 06-XII-2011; 1 ex, Mt. Santubong, 700 m, 25-III-1990; 2 exx, Bako N.P., 27-III-1990.

Distribution

Sarawak (Santubong). Elevation: 487–700 m.

Etymology

This species is named in honour of Alfred Russel Wallace (1823–1913) for laying the foundation of research on the Natural History of the Indo-Australian Archipelago. He spent some time at this species´ type locality where he prepared the draft of his “Sarawak Law”.

Notes

Trigonopterus wallacei Riedel, sp. n. was coded as “Trigonopterus sp. 362” by Tänzler et al. (2014).

Key to species from Java and Sumatra

1	Metafemur subapically simple, without stridulatory patch. Length 1.90–2.65 mm. (subgenus Mimidotasia)	2
1'	Metafemur subapically with stridulatory patch. Length 2.35–3.80 mm	9
2 (1)	Elytra (Figs 18a, 51a) elongate, 1.36–1.46 × longer than wide	3
2'	Elytra (e.g. Figs 24a, 29a, 38a) compact, 1.15–1.35 × longer than wide	4
3 (2)	Sutural interval of elytra swollen subapically, projecting in dorsal aspect. Penis (Fig. 18b), with long asymmetrical apical extension slightly upcurved and weakly directed to the left; E-Java	T. costipennis Riedel, sp. n.
3'	Elytral apex with sutural interval costate but not distinctly projecting in dorsal aspect. Penis (Fig. 51b), with long asymmetrical apical extension markedly directed to the left; E-Sumatra	T. misellus Riedel, sp. n.
4 (2')	Elytral striae with rows of elongate-claviform, rather slender scales	5
4'	Elytral striae with rows of claviform, wider scales	6
5 (4)	Elytral intervals costate-tuberculate. Penis (Fig. 24b) with medium-sized asymmetrical apical extension to the left	T. diengensis Riedel, sp. n.
5'	Elytral intervals costate. Penis (Fig. 29b) with long asymmetrical apical extension directed to the right	T. echinatus Riedel, sp. n.
6 (4')	Elytral intervals with relatively low costae. Penis (Figs 38b, 78b) with apical extension short, subangulate	7
6'	Elytral intervals with costae more distinct. Penis (Figs 34b, 73b) with apical extension acute, directed to the left	8
7 (6)	Color largely ferruginous. Penis (Fig. 38b). W-Java	T. honjensi s Riedel, sp. n.
7'	Color largely black. Penis (Fig. 78b). E-Sumatra	T. seriatus Riedel, sp. n.
8 (6')	Penis with endophallic structures as in Fig. 73b. E-Java	T. satu Riedel, sp. n.
8'	Penis with endophallic structures as in Fig. 34b. W-Java	T. foveatus Riedel, sp. n.
9 (1')	Elytra with striae deeply impressed; intervals costate to carinate. Femora each with small tooth. Penis (Fig. 64b) subapically forming blade-like processes. E-Java	T. relictus Riedel, sp. n.
9'	If elytral intervals costate, at least profemur edentate. Penis different, without pair of subapical blade-like processes	10
10	Anteroventral ridge of femora forming blunt tooth, especially in meso- and metafemur	11
10'	All femora without tooth, or if species from Sumatra, meso- and metafemur with small denticle	16
11 (10)	Sutural interval of elytra at apex markedly swollen, forming pair of distinct apical protrusions. Species from W-Java	12
11'	Sutural interval of elytra at apex simple or weakly swollen. Species from E-Java	14
12 (11)	Sutural interval of elytra at apex forming median, apically bifid protrusion. Penis (Fig. 98b) with transfer apparatus minute	T. vulcanicus Riedel, sp. n.
12'	Sutural interval of elytra at apex markedly swollen, forming pair of rounded apical protrusions. Penis (Figs 15b, 25b) basally with distinct transfer apparatus	13
13 (12')	Transfer apparatus of penis (Fig. 25b) compact, apically blunt	T. dimorphus Riedel, sp. n.
13'	Transfer apparatus of penis (Fig. 15b) apically with spine	T. binodulus Riedel, sp. n.
14 (11')	Disk of pronotum (Fig. 48a) densely, uniformly punctate. Protibia subbasally with distinct dorsoposterior tooth. Apex of penis (Fig. 48b) bidentate, with median notch	T. merubetirensis Riedel, sp. n.
14'	Punctation of pronotum more coarsely, forming more or less distinct pattern (Figs 8a, 39a). Protibia subbasally with simple angulation, at most with minute denticle. Apex of penis (Figs 8b, 39b) simple or with small median extension	15
15 (14')	Disk of pronotum (Fig. 39a) with punctures partly elongate and / or arranged in confluent rows forming rhombus-like pattern. Transfer apparatus of penis in profile ventrally with subangular extension	T. ijensis Riedel, sp. n.
15'	Disk of pronotum (Fig. 8a) with punctures less confluent; rhombus-like pattern less distinct. Transfer apparatus of penis in profile with ventral contour evenly convex	T. argopurensis Riedel, sp. n.
16 (10')	Elytral intervals each with secondary rows of punctures resembling striae; at middle with transverse subglabrous band	T. alaspurwensis Riedel, sp. n.
16'	Elytra with sculpture different; if sculpture coarse, never with transverse subglabrous band at middle	17
17 (16')	Elytra with striae indistinct, marked by fine lines and rows of small punctures; intervals flat, more or less coriaceous	18
17'	Elytra with striae deeply impressed and / or intervals elevated	20
18 (17)	Tarsomere 3 of protarsus 2.8–3.0 × as wide as tarsomere 1, markedly larger than of mesotarsus, (Fig. 45a)	T. latipes Riedel, sp. n.
18'	Tarsomere 3 of protarsus 2.4–2.7 × as wide as tarsomere 1, at most slightly larger than of mesotarsus (Figs 1a, 9a)	19
19 (18')	Body (Fig. 9a) slender; elytra 1.25–1.34 × longer than wide; sculpture more distinct. Transfer apparatus of penis (Fig. 9b) flagelliform, 4.0 × longer than body; apodemes ca. 3 × as long as body	T. arjunensis Riedel, sp. n.
19'	Body (Fig. 1a) across humeri wider; elytra 1.11–1.23 × longer than wide; sculpture rather subglabrous. Transfer apparatus of penis (Fig. 1b) thick flagelliform, 2.0 × longer than body; apodemes ca. 2 × as long as body	T. acuminatus Riedel, sp. n.
20 (17')	Pronotum laterally without distinct preapical constriction. Usually larger species, length of elytra+pronotum 2.05–3.44 mm	21
20'	Pronotum laterally with distinct preapical constriction. Usually smaller species, length of elytra+pronotum 1.76–3.22 mm	26
21 (20)	Pronotum in apical half slightly rounded apicad. Species from East Sumatra	22
21'	Pronotum anterolaterally subangularly projecting. Species from Java	23
22 (21)	Elytra 2.62–2.65 × as long as pronotum. Penis (Fig. 83b) with more distinct lateral constriction. Mt. Rajabasa	T. singularis Riedel, sp. n.
22'	Elytra 2.50–2.56 × as long as pronotum. Sides of penis (Fig. 7b) gently diverging towards apex. Pedada Bay and Bukit Barisan N.P	T. amphoralis Marshall
23 (21')	Elytral intervals carinate; striae with rows of long erect piliform scales	24
23'	Elytral intervals costate; striae with rows of shorter subrecumbent scales	25
24 (23)	Rostrum apically without distinct median denticle. Apex of penis (Fig. 81a) subangulate, without median extension	T. silvestris Riedel, sp. n.
24'	Rostrum apically with distinct median denticle. Apex of penis (Fig. 17b) medially with small rounded extension	T. cahyoi Riedel, sp. n.
25 (23')	Elytral apex (Fig. 53a) wider and with sutural interval only weakly swollen. Elytral intervals almost flat, without punctures	T. pangandaranensis Riedel, sp. n.
25'	Elytral apex (Fig. 96a) narrow and with swollen sutural interval. Irregular elytral intervals sparsely punctate	T. ujungkulonensis Riedel, sp. n.
26 (20')	Sides of pronotum behind preapical constriction rounded, without distinct angular projections	27
26'	Sides of pronotum behind preapical constriction angularly projecting	31
27 (26)	Sutural intervals of elytra extended into median apical tooth. Mt. Gede	T. gedensis Riedel, sp. n.
27'	Sutural intervals of elytra at most swollen, but without distinct tooth	28
28 (27')	Elytral intervals costate-tuberculate; striae each with sparse row of suberect bristles	29
28'	Elytral intervals carinate; striae each with row of suberect piliform scales or without conspicuous pubescence	30
29 (28)	Penis (Fig. 10b) with flagellum 1.5 × longer than body of penis	T. asper Riedel, sp. n.
29'	Penis (Fig. 97b) with flagellum 1.1 × longer than body of penis	T. variolosus Riedel, sp. n.
30 (28')	Elytral striae each with row of minute recumbent scales. E-Sumatra	T. lampungensis Riedel, sp. n.
30'	Elytral striae with rows of suberect piliform scales. W-Java	T. setifer Riedel, sp. n.
31 (26')	Elytral intervals irregularly costate-tuberculate; especially towards sides costae laterally corrugate	32
31'	Elytral intervals costate-carinate	36
32 (31)	Rostrum apically with denticle	33
32'	Rostrum apically without denticle	34
33 (32)	Metatibia ventrally with sparse row of long erect setae. Penis (Fig. 37b) with flagellum ca. 2.4 × longer than body of penis	T. halimunensis Riedel, sp. n.
33'	Metatibia ventrally simple, without row of long setae. Penis (Fig. 28b) with flagellum ca. 1.9 × longer than body of penis	T. duabelas Riedel, sp. n.
34 (32')	Elytral intervals partly flat, partly costate-tuberculate; interval 5 subbasally swollen. E-Sumatra	T. squalidus Riedel, sp. n.
34'	Elytral intervals irregularly costate-tuberculate; interval 5 subbasally simple. W-Java	35
35 (34')	Penis (Fig. 4b) in dorsal aspect with body slender, sides subparallel	T. allopatricus Riedel, sp. n.
35'	Penis (Fig. 97b) with body flattened, in dorsal aspect wider, lateral contours weakly diverging apicad	T. variolosus Riedel, sp. n.
36 (32')	Elytra subnude, with sparse small recumbent setae	37
36'	Elytral striae each with row of suberect piliform scales	38
37 (36)	Anterolateral angular projections of pronotum distinct. Elytra setae recumbent but distinct. Java	T. javensis Riedel, sp. n.
37'	Anterolateral angular projections of pronotum indistinct. Elytral setae minute, easily overlooked. E-Sumatra	T. lampungensis Riedel, sp. n.
38 (36')	Profemur edentate, meso- and metafemur ventrally with small denticle. E-Sumatra	T. sumatrensis Riedel, sp. n.
38'	All femora edentate. Java	39
39 (38')	Sutural interval of elytra basally swollen, widened, raised above level of other intervals	T. suturalis Riedel, sp. n.
39'	Sutural interval of elytra surmounted by other intervals	40
40 (39')	Rostrum subapically with median denticle. Abdominal ventrite 5 swollen, at middle with shallow impression	41
40'	Rostrum subapically simple. Abdominal ventrite 5 flat or slightly swollen in apical half	42
41 (40)	Profile of abdominal ventrite 2 projecting angularly. Penis (Fig. 88b) apically with rounded extension; body with ca. 4 symmetrical pairs of elongate endophallic sclerites	T. sundaicus Riedel, sp. n.
41'	Profile of abdominal ventrite 2 simple. Penis (Fig. 6b) apically with pointed extension; endophallic sclerites asymmetrical	T. angulicollis Riedel, sp. n.
42 (40')	Body (Fig. 59a) slightly more elongate; elytra 1.31–1.52 × longer than wide. Penis (Fig. 59b) asymmetrical, appearing twisted	T. porcatus Riedel, sp. n.
42'	Body (Fig. 58a, 67a) slightly more compact; elytra 1.18–1.29 × longer than wide. Penis (Figs 58, 67b) symmetrical	43
43 (42')	Penis (Fig. 58b) apically with short, rounded extension; flagellum 2 × longer than body of penis	T. payungensis Riedel, sp. n.
43'	Penis (Fig. 67b) apically with acute triangular extension; flagellum slightly shorter than body of penis	T. rugosostriatus Riedel, sp. n.

Key to species from Bali

1	Body in dorsal aspect with marked constriction between pronotum and elytron. Pronotum in basal half with pair of sublateral, kidney-shaped impressions (Fig. 12a)	T. baliensis Riedel, sp. n.
1'	Body subovate, in dorsal aspect with weak constriction between pronotum and elytron. Pronotum without pair of distinct sublateral impressions	2
2	Profile with distinct constriction between pronotum and elytron. Pronotum (Figs 55a, 68a) coarsely sculptured with irregular ridges and tubercles	T. rugosus Riedel, sp. n. and T. pararugosus Riedel, sp. n.
2'	Profile dorsally convex. Pronotum coarsely punctate, reticulate	3
3 (2')	Elytral intervals (Figs 43a, 49a) weakly costate or flat	4
3'	Elytral intervals (Figs 13a, 42a, 91a) dorsally markedly costate	5
4 (3)	Median rod of transfer apparatus thick, straight, 2.0 × as long as body of penis (Fig. 43b)	T. klatakanensis Riedel, sp. n.
4'	Median rod of transfer apparatus flagelliform, forming almost full coil, ca 2.7 × as long as body of penis (Fig. 49b)	T. mesehensis Riedel, sp. n.
5 (3')	Median rod of male transfer apparatus thin, shorter (1.4 × as long as body of penis), projecting basad (Fig. 13b)	T. batukarensis Riedel, sp. n.
5'	Median rod of male transfer apparatus thick, longer (1.6–1.7 × as long as body of penis), projecting basad further than apicad (Figs 42b, 91b)	6
6 (5')	Body of penis (Fig. 42b) with sides subparallel, before apex weakly converging in straight line	T. kintamanensis Riedel, sp. n.
6'	Body of penis (Fig. 91b) with shallow constriction at middle, before apex sides slightly swollen	T. telagensis Riedel, sp. n.

Key to species from Lombok, Sumbawa and Flores

1	Body in dorsal aspect with marked constriction between pronotum and elytron (e.g. Figs 20a, 87a)	2
1'	Body subovate, in dorsal aspect with weak constriction between pronotum and elytron (e.g. Figs 2a, 27a)	20
2 (1)	Length 1.44–2.20 mm. Pronotum in basal half with pair of sublateral impressions. Coloration of body dark ferruginous to black	3
2'	Length 2.20–4.04 mm. Pronotum without pair of distinct impressions. Coloration of body partly ferruginous, coppery, bronze, or black	11
3 (2)	Flagelliform transfer apparatus (Fig. 47b) subequal to body of penis. Lombok	T. lombokensis Riedel, sp. n.
3'	Flagelliform transfer apparatus (Figs 33b, 54b, 56b, 57b, 60b, 61b, 66b, 87b) longer than body of penis	4
4 (3')	Penis (Figs 61b, 87b) subapically with sides angularly projecting, abruptly converging to slightly extended apex. Sumbawa	5
4'	Penis with weakly subangulate or rounded apex never extended medially	6
5 (4)	Flagelliform transfer apparatus (Fig. 87b) 2.9 × longer than body of penis	T. sumbawensis Riedel, sp. n.
5'	Flagelliform transfer apparatus (Fig. 61b) 2.3–2.4 × longer than body of penis	T. pseudosumbawensis Riedel, sp. n.
6 (4')	Flagelliform transfer apparatus (Fig. 66b) relatively thick, 2.6 × as long as body of penis; endophallus with sclerite. Flores	T. roensis Riedel, sp. n.
6'	Flagelliform transfer apparatus (Figs 33b, 54b, 56b, 57b, 60b) thin, 3–6 × as long as body of penis; endophallus without sclerite	7
7 (6')	Flagelliform transfer apparatus ca. 3.0–3.3 × longer than body of penis; apodemes 2.4–2.5 × as long as body of penis. Sumbawa	8
7'	Flagelliform transfer apparatus ca. 4.0–7.0 × longer than body of penis; apodemes 3.2–4.1 × as long as body of penis. Flores	9
8 (7)	Penis (Fig. 56b) in apical third distinctly widening and rounded to weakly subangulate apex	T. parasumbawensis Riedel, sp. n.
8'	Penis (Fig. 57b) with sides parallel before rounded apex	T. pauxillus Riedel, sp. n.
9 (7')	Penis (Fig. 54b); flagelliform transfer apparatus 6.0–6.9 × as long as body	T. paraflorensis Riedel, sp. n.
9'	Penis (Figs 33b, 60b); flagelliform transfer apparatus 3.9–4.6 × as long as body	10
10 (9')	Elytra more compact (Fig. 33a). Penis (Fig. 33b); flagelliform transfer apparatus 3.9–4.0 × as long as body. Medium elevations of the Mt. Ranaka / Lake Ranamese area	T. florensis Riedel, sp. n.
10'	Elytra more slender (Fig. 60a). Penis (Fig. 60b); flagelliform transfer apparatus 4.1–4.6 × as long as body. Summit area of Mt. Ranaka	T. pseudoflorensis Riedel, sp. n.
11 (2')	Profemur with large subacute tooth. Color of elytra black, usually basal third ferruginous	T. dentipes Riedel, sp. n.
11'	Profemur with blunt tooth or simple	12
12 (11')	Color of elytra with bright metallic lustre, coppery	13
12'	Color of elytra black, sometimes basally ferruginous; at most with bronze lustre, never bright metallic	17
13 (12)	Onychium minute, drop-shaped, with median spine instead of pair of claws; weakly projecting beyond margin of tarsomere 3	T. syarbis Riedel, sp. n.
13'	Onychium distinctly projecting beyond margin of tarsomere 3, apically with pair of claws	14
14 (13')	Elytra with humeri markedly swollen, laterally markedly projecting (Figs 35a, 50a)	15
14'	Elytra with humeri simple (Fig. 19a) or weakly swollen (Fig. 20a), not markedly projecting	16
15 (14)	Elytra (Fig. 35a) with interval 4 subbasally swollen, forming dorsal protrusion; sutural interval simple	T. fulgidus Riedel, sp. n.
15'	Elytra (Fig. 50a) with sutural interval in basal half distinctly swollen; interval 4 without dorsal protrusion	T. micans Riedel, sp. n.
16 (14')	Elytra (Fig. 20a) with interval 5 and 6 behind middle swollen, gently projecting from lateral outline. Penis (Fig. 20b) apically subtruncate, weakly rounded, subglabrous	T. cupreus Riedel, sp. n.
16'	Elytra (Fig. 19a) with interval 5 and 6 simple. Penis (Fig. 19b) apically rounded, with fringe of conglutinate flattened setae, interrupted by glabrous median notch	T. cuprescens Riedel, sp. n.
17 (12')	Body (Fig. 79a) subovate, slender. Meso- and metafemur anteroventrally with row of large sharp teeth	T. serratifemur Riedel, sp. n.
17'	Body (Figs 21a, 72a, 84a) wider. Meso- and metafemur anteroventrally with single tooth	18
18 (17')	Elytra (Fig. 84a) completely black with slight bronze lustre; interval 5 forming dorsal tubercle; interval 6 behind middle swollen, gently projecting from lateral outline	T. sinuatus Riedel, sp. n.
18'	Elytra basally ferruginous; intervals 5 and 6 simple	19
19 (18')	Elytral interval 5 in front of middle swollen, dorsally projecting. Penis (Fig. 21b)	T. dacrycarpi Riedel, sp. n.
19'	Elytral interval 5 simple. Penis (Fig. 72b)	T. sasak Riedel, sp. n.
20 (1')	species from Lombok	21
20'	species from Sumbawa	23
20'	species from Flores	27
21 (20)	Elytral intervals flat, subglabrous. Pronotum longitudinally rugose	T. disruptus Riedel, sp. n.
21'	Elytral intervals costate. Pronotum coarsely punctate	22
22 (21')	Elytra black except sutural interval ferruginous; intervals 3 and 5 more distinctly swollen, with row of punctures	T. rinjaniensis Riedel, sp. n.
22'	Elytra with bronze lustre; intervals 3 and 5 as other intervals, subglabrous	T. aeneomicans Riedel, sp. n.
23 (20')	Elytra with intervals flat, striae marked by regular rows of punctures	T. punctatoseriatus Riedel, sp. n.
23'	Elytra with striae deeply impressed, intervals costate	24
24 (23')	Elytra with bronze lustre	T. aeneomicans Riedel, sp. n.
24'	Elytra largely black, without distinct metallic lustre	25
25 (24')	Sutural intervals of elytra costate, with row of punctures facing laterad. Abdominal ventrite 5 medially with shallow impression	T. sembilan Riedel, sp. n.
25'	Sutural intervals of elytra forming pair of ridges, inner face with dense row of punctures. Abdominal ventrite 5 with median carina	26
26 (25')	Elytral interval 3 with dense row of punctures. Penis as in Fig. 70b, transfer apparatus with long median extension	T. saltator Riedel, sp. n.
26'	Elytral interval 3 subglabrous, with few punctures. Penis as in Fig. 92b, transfer apparatus without median extension	T. tepalensis Riedel, sp. n.
27 (20')	Tarsomere 3 of protarsus enlarged, medially deeply incised. Penis (Fig. 32b) in basal half with marked constriction; apex medially with distinct spine, with anterolateral subangular flanges	T. fissitarsis Riedel, sp. n.
27'	Tarsomere 3 of protarsus of similar shape as tarsomere 3 of mesotarsus. Penis without marked constriction	28
28 (27')	Elytral intervals weakly costate, almost flat; striae consisting of rows of deeply impressed punctures	T. tujuh Riedel, sp. n.
28'	Elytral intervals distinctly costate; striae incised	29
29 (28')	Abdominal ventrite 5 with median carina, at least in basal third	30
29'	Abdominal ventrite 5 without median carina	32
30 (29)	Elytral interval black; suture broadly sunk-in. Abdominal ventrite 5 with median carina in basal third	T. delapan Riedel, sp. n.
30'	Elytral interval ferruginous. Abdominal ventrite 5 with complete median carina	31
31 (30')	Elytral intervals subglabrous, forming regular costae. Penis (Fig. 93b) with large anchor-shaped endophallic sclerite	T. tiga Riedel, sp. n.
31'	Elytral intervals on dorsum punctate, along basal margin corrugate. Penis (Fig. 63b) with sides of body in basal half converging	T. ranakensis Riedel, sp. n.
32 (29')	Metatibia apically with uncus and small premucro	33
32'	Metatibia apically with uncus, without premucro	34
33 (32)	Body (Fig. 27a) more slender. Suberect slender scales of elytral striae shorter	T. dua Riedel, sp. n.
33'	Body (Fig. 69a) wider. Suberect slender scales of elytral striae longer	T. rutengensis Riedel, sp. n.
34 (32')	Body (Fig. 31a) more slender. Suberect slender scales of elytral striae shorter	T. enam Riedel, sp. n.
34'	Body wider (Figs 30a, 46a). Suberect slender scales of elytral striae longer	35
35 (34')	Penis (Fig. 46b) with transfer apparatus small, with median spine projecting to apex of endophallus	T. lima Riedel, sp. n.
35'	Penis (Fig. 30b) with transfer apparatus compact, without median spine	T. empat Riedel, sp. n.

Key to species from Borneo and Palawan

1	Body subovate. Elytra with striae each bearing distinct row of suberect scales, intervals costate	2
1'	Body subovate or subrhomboid. Elytra with striae simple, punctures containing small scale or seta; intervals flat. IF elytra with sparse rows of suberect scales and costate intervals, then body subrhomboid	4
2	Epistome with dorsoposteriad directed horn and rostrum at middle with dorsal protrusion	3
2'	Epistome with denticle; rostrum with median and pair of submedian ridges, without dorsal protrusion between antennal insertions	T. palawanensis Riedel, sp. n.
3 (2)	Length 1.52–1.79 mm. Elytral intervals narrow, weakly costate	T. wallacei Riedel, sp. n.
3'	Length 2.32–2.45 mm. Elytral intervals subcarinate	T. schulzi Riedel, sp. n.
4 (1')	Elytra with humeri swollen, laterally markedly projecting	5
4'	Elytra with humeri simple, not markedly projecting	6
5 (4)	Pronotum anteriorly simple. Elytral striae deeply impressed; intervals costate. Anteroventral ridge of meso- and metafemur simple	T. trigonopterus Riedel, sp. n.
5'	Pronotum anteriorly with flanges projecting laterally. Elytral striae marked by small punctures; intervals flat. Anteroventral ridge of meso- and metafemur denticulate	T. sebelas Riedel, sp. n.
6 (4')	Profemur in basal half posteroventrally with slightly bifid tooth. Male metatibia ventrally with dense fringe of long, stiff setae	T. santubongensis Riedel, sp. n.
6'	Profemur in basal half posteroventrally without tooth. Male metatibia with sparse rows of setae	7
7 (6')	Elytral apex with suture distinctly incised. Abdominal ventrite 2 in profile simple.
7'	Elytral apex with suture simple, not incised. Abdominal ventrite 2 in profile projecting dentiform	9
8 (7)	Penis as in Fig. 16b; endophallus containing numerous coarse denticles, apically with pair of relatively small sclerites	T. bornensis Riedel, sp. n.
8'	Penis as in Fig. 41b; endophallus with complex structures, several sclerites, containing few denticles	T. kalimantanensis Riedel, sp. n.
9 (7')	In front of forehead median ridge of rostrum swollen, projecting subangularly from profile	10
9'	Base of rostrum in profile simple, evenly confluent with forehead
10 (9)	Penis as in Fig. 14b, near middle with shallow constriction; transfer apparatus complex, wider than long	T. bawangensis Riedel, sp. n.
10'	Penis as in Fig. 82b, near middle widened; transfer apparatus complex, small	T. singkawangensis Riedel, sp. n.
11 (9')	Color largely black. Elytral intervals flat. Penis as in Fig. 77b, apex rounded; body without distinct sclerites; transfer apparatus small, complex, wider than long	T. sepuluh Riedel, sp. n.
11	Color largely ferruginous. Elytral intervals weakly costate. Penis as in Fig. 11b, with pair of large orificial sclerites, slightly more basad with pair of smaller, darker sclerites; apex with distinct median incision	T. attenboroughi Riedel, sp. n.

Catalogue of species groups of Trigonopterus Fauvel in Sundaland and the Lesser Sunda Islands

subgenus Mimidotasia Voss: T. costipennis Riedel, sp. n., T. diengensis Riedel, sp. n., T. echinatus Riedel, sp. n., T. foveatus Riedel, sp. n., T. honjensis Riedel, sp. n., T. misellus Riedel, sp. n., T. satu Riedel, sp. n., T. seriatus Riedel, sp. n.

T. attenboroughi-group: T. attenboroughi Riedel, sp. n., T. bawangensis Riedel, sp. n., T. santubongensis Riedel, sp. n., T. sebelas Riedel, sp. n., T. sepuluh Riedel, sp. n., T. singkawangensis Riedel, sp. n.

T. bornensis-group: T. bornensis Riedel, sp. n., T. kalimantanensis Riedel, sp. n.

T. dimorphus-group: T. acuminatus Riedel, sp. n., T. alaspurwensis Riedel, sp. n., T. allopatricus Riedel, sp. n., T. amphoralis Marshall, T. angulicollis Riedel, sp. n., T. argopurensis Riedel, sp. n., T. arjunensis Riedel, sp. n., T. asper Riedel, sp. n., T. binodulus Riedel, sp. n., T. cahyoi Riedel, sp. n., T. cuprescens Riedel, sp. n., T. cupreus Riedel, sp. n., T. dacrycarpi Riedel, sp. n., T. dentipes Riedel, sp. n., T. dimorphus Riedel, sp. n., T. duabelas Riedel, sp. n., T. fulgidus Riedel, sp. n., T. gedensis Riedel, sp. n., T. halimunensis Riedel, sp. n., T. ijensis Riedel, sp. n., T. javensis Riedel, sp. n., T. lampungensis Riedel, sp. n., T. latipes Riedel, sp. n., T. merubetirensis Riedel, sp. n., T. micans Riedel, sp. n., T. pangandaranensis Riedel, sp. n., T. payungensis Riedel, sp. n., T. porcatus Riedel, sp. n., T. rugosostriatus Riedel, sp. n., T. sasak Riedel, sp. n., T. serratifemur Riedel, sp. n., T. setifer Riedel, sp. n., T. silvestris Riedel, sp. n., T. singularis Riedel, sp. n., T. sinuatus Riedel, sp. n., T. squalidus Riedel, sp. n., T. sumatrensis Riedel, sp. n., T. sundaicus Riedel, sp. n., T. suturalis Riedel, sp. n., T. syarbis Riedel, sp. n., T. ujungkulonensis Riedel, sp. n., T. variolosus Riedel, sp. n., T. vulcanicus Riedel, sp. n.

T. politus-group: T. allotopus Riedel, sp. n.

T. relictus-group: T. baliensis Riedel, sp. n., T. florensis Riedel, sp. n., T. lombokensis Riedel, sp. n., T. paraflorensis Riedel, sp. n., T. parasumbawensis Riedel, sp. n., T. pauxillus Riedel, sp. n., T. pseudoflorensis Riedel, sp. n., T. pseudosumbawensis Riedel, sp. n., T. relictus Riedel, sp. n., T. roensis Riedel, sp. n., T. sumbawensis Riedel, sp. n.

T. saltator-group: T. aeneomicans Riedel, sp. n., T. batukarensis Riedel, sp. n., T. delapan Riedel, sp. n., T. disruptus Riedel, sp. n., T. dua Riedel, sp. n., T. empat Riedel, sp. n., T. enam Riedel, sp. n., T. fissitarsis Riedel, sp. n., T. kintamanensis Riedel, sp. n., T. klatakanensis Riedel, sp. n., T. lima Riedel, sp. n., T. mesehensis Riedel, sp. n., T. pararugosus Riedel, sp. n., T. punctatoseriatus Riedel, sp. n., T. ranakensis Riedel, sp. n., T. rinjaniensis Riedel, sp. n., T. rugosus Riedel, sp. n., T. rutengensis Riedel, sp. n., T. saltator Riedel, sp. n., T. sembilan Riedel, sp. n., T. telagensis Riedel, sp. n., T. tepalensis Riedel, sp. n., T. tiga Riedel, sp. n., T. tujuh Riedel, sp. n.

T. trigonopterus-group: T. trigonopterus Riedel, sp. n.

T. wallacei-group: T. palawanensis Riedel, sp. n., T. schulzi Riedel, sp. n., T. wallacei Riedel, sp. n.

Plates

Figure 1.

Trigonopterus acuminatus Riedel, sp. n., holotype; a Habitus b Penis.

Figure 2.

Trigonopterus aeneomicans Riedel, sp. n., holotype; a Habitus b Penis.

Figure 3.

Trigonopterus alaspurwensis Riedel, sp. n., holotype; a Habitus b Penis.

Figure 4.

Trigonopterus allopatricus Riedel, sp. n., holotype; a Habitus b Penis.

Figure 5.

Trigonopterus allotopus Riedel, sp. n., holotype; a Habitus b Penis.

Figure 6.

Trigonopterus angulicollis Riedel, sp. n., holotype; a Habitus b Penis.

Figure 7.

Trigonopterus amphoralis Marshall; a Habitus b Penis.

Figure 8.

Trigonopterus argopurensis Riedel, sp. n., holotype; a Habitus b Penis.

Figure 9.

Trigonopterus arjunensis Riedel, sp. n., holotype; a Habitus b Penis.

Figure 10.

Trigonopterus asper Riedel, sp. n., holotype; a Habitus b Penis.

Figure 11.

Trigonopterus attenboroughi Riedel, sp. n., holotype; a Habitus b Penis.

Figure 12.

Trigonopterus baliensis Riedel, sp. n., holotype; a Habitus b Penis.

Figure 13.

Trigonopterus batukarensis Riedel, sp. n., holotype; a Habitus b Penis.

Figure 14.

Trigonopterus bawangensis Riedel, sp. n., holotype; a Habitus b Penis.

Figure 15.

Trigonopterus binodulus Riedel, sp. n., holotype; a Habitus b Penis.

Figure 16.

Trigonopterus bornensis Riedel, sp. n., holotype; a Habitus b Penis.

Figure 17.

Trigonopterus cahyoi Riedel, sp. n., holotype; a Habitus b Penis.

Figure 18.

Trigonopterus costipennis Riedel, sp. n., holotype; a Habitus b Penis.

Figure 19.

Trigonopterus cuprescens Riedel, sp. n., holotype; a Habitus b Penis.

Figure 20.

Trigonopterus cupreus Riedel, sp. n., holotype; a Habitus b Penis.

Figure 21.

Trigonopterus dacrycarpi Riedel, sp. n., holotype; a Habitus b Penis.

Figure 22.

Trigonopterus delapan Riedel, sp. n., holotype; a Habitus b Penis.

Figure 23.

Trigonopterus dentipes Riedel, sp. n., holotype; a Habitus b Penis.

Figure 24.

Trigonopterus diengensis Riedel, sp. n., holotype; a Habitus b Penis.

Figure 25.

Trigonopterus dimorphus Riedel, sp. n., holotype; a Habitus b Penis.

Figure 26.

Trigonopterus disruptus Riedel, sp. n., holotype; a Habitus b Penis.

Figure 27.

Trigonopterus dua Riedel, sp. n., holotype; a Habitus b Penis.

Figure 28.

Trigonopterus duabelas Riedel, sp. n., holotype; a Habitus b Penis.

Figure 29.

Trigonopterus echinatus Riedel, sp. n., holotype; a Habitus b Penis.

Figure 30.

Trigonopterus empat Riedel, sp. n., holotype; a Habitus b Penis.

Figure 31.

Trigonopterus enam Riedel, sp. n., holotype; a Habitus b Penis.

Figure 32.

Trigonopterus fissitarsis Riedel, sp. n., holotype; a Habitus b Penis.

Figure 33.

Trigonopterus florensis Riedel, sp. n., holotype; a Habitus b Penis.

Figure 34.

Trigonopterus foveatus Riedel, sp. n., holotype; a Habitus b Penis.

Figure 35.

Trigonopterus fulgidus Riedel, sp. n., holotype; a Habitus b Penis.

Figure 36.

Trigonopterus gedensis Riedel, sp. n., holotype; a Habitus b Penis.

Figure 37.

Trigonopterus halimunensis Riedel, sp. n., holotype; a Habitus b Penis.

Figure 38.

Trigonopterus honjensis Riedel, sp. n., holotype; a Habitus b Penis.

Figure 39.

Trigonopterus ijensis Riedel, sp. n., holotype; a Habitus b Penis.

Figure 40.

Trigonopterus javensis Riedel, sp. n., holotype; a Habitus b Penis.

Figure 41.

Trigonopterus kalimantanensis Riedel, sp. n., holotype; a Habitus b Penis.

Figure 42.

Trigonopterus kintamanensis Riedel, sp. n., holotype; a Habitus b Penis.

Figure 43.

Trigonopterus klatakanensis Riedel, sp. n., holotype; a Habitus b Penis.

Figure 44.

Trigonopterus lampungensis Riedel, sp. n., holotype; a Habitus b Penis.

Figure 45.

Trigonopterus latipes Riedel, sp. n., holotype; a Habitus b Penis.

Figure 46.

Trigonopterus lima Riedel, sp. n., holotype; a Habitus b Penis.

Figure 47.

Trigonopterus lombokensis Riedel, sp. n., holotype; a Habitus b Penis.

Figure 48.

Trigonopterus merubetirensis Riedel, sp. n., holotype; a Habitus b Penis.

Figure 49.

Trigonopterus mesehensis Riedel, sp. n., holotype; a Habitus b Penis.

Figure 50.

Trigonopterus micans Riedel, sp. n., holotype; a Habitus b Penis.

Figure 51.

Trigonopterus misellus Riedel, sp. n., holotype; a Habitus b Penis.

Figure 52.

Trigonopterus palawanensis Riedel, sp. n., holotype; a Habitus b Penis.

Figure 53.

Trigonopterus pangandaranensis Riedel, sp. n., holotype; a Habitus b Penis.

Figure 54.

Trigonopterus paraflorensis Riedel, sp. n., holotype; a Habitus b Penis.

Figure 55.

Trigonopterus pararugosus Riedel, sp. n., holotype; a Habitus b Penis.

Figure 56.

Trigonopterus parasumbawensis Riedel, sp. n., holotype; a Habitus b Penis.

Figure 57.

Trigonopterus pauxillus Riedel, sp. n., holotype; a Habitus b Penis.

Figure 58.

Trigonopterus payungensis Riedel, sp. n., holotype; a Habitus b Penis.

Figure 59.

Trigonopterus porcatus Riedel, sp. n., holotype; a Habitus b Penis.

Figure 60.

Trigonopterus pseudoflorensis Riedel, sp. n., holotype; a Habitus b Penis.

Figure 61.

Trigonopterus pseudosumbawensis Riedel, sp. n., holotype; a Habitus b Penis.

Figure 62.

Trigonopterus punctatoseriatus Riedel, sp. n., holotype; a Habitus b Penis.

Figure 63.

Trigonopterus ranakensis Riedel, sp. n., holotype; a Habitus b Penis.

Figure 64.

Trigonopterus relictus Riedel, sp. n., holotype; a Habitus b Penis.

Figure 65.

Trigonopterus rinjaniensis Riedel, sp. n., holotype; a Habitus b Penis.

Figure 66.

Trigonopterus roensis Riedel, sp. n., holotype; a Habitus b Penis.

Figure 67.

Trigonopterus rugosostriatus Riedel, sp. n., holotype; a Habitus b Penis.

Figure 68.

Trigonopterus rugosus Riedel, sp. n., holotype; a Habitus b Penis.

Figure 69.

Trigonopterus rutengensis Riedel, sp. n., holotype; a Habitus b Penis.

Figure 70.

Trigonopterus saltator Riedel, sp. n., holotype; a Habitus b Penis.

Figure 71.

Trigonopterus santubongensis Riedel, sp. n., holotype; a Habitus b Penis.

Figure 72.

Trigonopterus sasak Riedel, sp. n., holotype; a Habitus b Penis.

Figure 73.

Trigonopterus satu Riedel, sp. n., holotype; a Habitus b Penis.

Figure 74.

Trigonopterus schulzi Riedel, sp. n., holotype; a Habitus b Penis.

Figure 75.

Trigonopterus sebelas Riedel, sp. n., holotype; a Habitus b Penis.

Figure 76.

Trigonopterus sembilan Riedel, sp. n., holotype; a Habitus b Penis.

Figure 77.

Trigonopterus sepuluh Riedel, sp. n., holotype; a Habitus b Penis.

Figure 78.

Trigonopterus seriatus Riedel, sp. n., holotype; a Habitus b Penis.

Figure 79.

Trigonopterus serratifemur Riedel, sp. n., holotype; a Habitus b Penis.

Figure 80.

Trigonopterus setifer Riedel, sp. n., holotype; a Habitus b Penis.

Figure 81.

Trigonopterus silvestris Riedel, sp. n., holotype; a Habitus b Penis.

Figure 82.

Trigonopterus singkawangensis Riedel, sp. n., holotype; a Habitus b Penis.

Figure 83.

Trigonopterus singularis Riedel, sp. n., holotype; a Habitus b Penis.

Figure 84.

Trigonopterus sinuatus Riedel, sp. n., holotype; a Habitus b Penis.

Figure 85.

Trigonopterus squalidus Riedel, sp. n., holotype; a Habitus b Penis.

Figure 86.

Trigonopterus sumatrensis Riedel, sp. n., holotype; a Habitus b Penis.

Figure 87.

Trigonopterus sumbawensis Riedel, sp. n., holotype; a Habitus b Penis.

Figure 88.

Trigonopterus sundaicus Riedel, sp. n., holotype; a Habitus b Penis.

Figure 89.

Trigonopterus suturalis Riedel, sp. n., holotype; a Habitus b Penis.

Figure 90.

Trigonopterus syarbis Riedel, sp. n., holotype; a Habitus b Penis.

Figure 91.

Trigonopterus telagensis Riedel, sp. n., holotype; a Habitus b Penis.

Figure 92.

Trigonopterus tepalensis Riedel, sp. n., holotype; a Habitus b Penis.

Figure 93.

Trigonopterus tiga Riedel, sp. n., holotype; a Habitus b Penis.

Figure 94.

Trigonopterus trigonopterus Riedel, sp. n., holotype; a Habitus b Penis.

Figure 95.

Trigonopterus tujuh Riedel, sp. n., holotype; a Habitus b Penis.

Figure 96.

Trigonopterus ujungkulonensis Riedel, sp. n., holotype; a Habitus b Penis.

Figure 97.

Trigonopterus variolosus Riedel, sp. n., holotype; a Habitus b Penis.

Figure 98.

Trigonopterus vulcanicus Riedel, sp. n., holotype; a Habitus b Penis.

Figure 99.

Trigonopterus wallacei Riedel, sp. n., holotype; a Habitus b Penis.

Discussion

Herein, we apply our fast track taxonomy approach (Riedel et al. 2013a) to revise the entire Trigonopterus fauna of a defined region. The proportion of closely related species to be separated was higher than in our earlier work covering representatives of different species groups (Riedel et al. 2013b), but this did not cause any complications. Diagnosis of species using cox1 sequences was straightforward and the question where to draw the line between allopatric populations and putative species entities usually could be answered by the evaluation of morphological, especially genital characters. In a few cases, especially in the T. relictus-group, sibling species could be revealed that occur syntopically. After recognizing a subdivision into well separated clades of relatively high divergence we reassessed genital characters. We found that the length of the flagellum was correlated with these clusters. It can only be speculated that their discovery would not have been possible with morphological taxonomy alone as the taxonomist in charge had initially relegated these differences to intraspecific variation by lumping a number of them.

At the start of this project and based on literature the high diversity of Trigonopterus in the Papuan region (Riedel et al. 2010; Tänzler et al. 2012) seemed to contrast with a relatively poor representation in the Philippines (three described species: Heller 1915; Hustache 1925) and Sulawesi (one described species: Riedel 2011), while its presence in Sundaland appeared questionable – the single species described by Marshall (1925) from East Sumatra looked out of place and more like the result of a mistake than representing a reliable record. Step by step, extensive field work revealed this picture to be a simple artifact. In fact, the islands of the Sunda Arc and Borneo each harbour a rich and so far overlooked fauna, at least in places with wet primary forest. However, unlike in New Guinea and Wallacea where many species can be collected from foliage, the fauna of the Sunda Islands is largely restricted to the litter layer more difficult to sample and thus largely neglected by collectors. Moreover, Trigonopterus weevils usually fall into the category of “small beetles” which have a higher chance to be undescribed than beetles of larger body size (Stork et al. 2008).

The field work for this study focused on eastern parts of Sumatra, Java and the Lesser Sunda Islands. Materials stored in museum collections neither contained Trigonopterus from the western parts of Sumatra, nor from the Malay Peninsula. A dedicated search in the field could possibly lead to interesting discoveries, but equally well the genus´ real area of distribution excludes this region or parts of it. More promising for future discoveries of species are Borneo and Palawan where only material from a few localities was available. Borneo obviously possesses a rich fauna of Trigonopterus and its species number will be magnitudes higher than the ten species recorded so far. Species discovery on Java (35 species recorded), Bali (8 species recorded), and Lombok (7 species recorded) may approach saturation, while additional species are likely to be found on Sumatra (7 species recorded), Sumbawa (12 species recorded), and Flores (18 species recorded).

Most localities sampled by us harbour at least one species of Trigonopterus; in some places many more were found, such as seven species each at Mount Sawal of West Java, and Mount Ranaka of Flores Island. Although these figures are dwarfed by comparable localities of New Guinea (Riedel et al. 2010), the cumulative number of highly endemic species found on the Sunda Islands is substantial. A few of the species found in the montane forests of West Java are of relatively wide distribution, (e.g. T. allopatricus Riedel, sp. n., T. javensis Riedel, sp. n., T. vulcanicus Riedel, sp. n.), but none cover the entire island. Species with a narrower distribution range can be found on somewhat isolated mountain blocks with suitable vegetation, e.g. T. dimorphus Riedel, sp. n. and T. halimunensis Riedel, sp. n. on Mt. Halimun-Salak, T. angulicollis Riedel, sp. n. and T. gedensis Riedel, sp. n. on Mt. Gede. For lowland habitats the original degree of endemism is harder to judge since the areas of lowland primary forest remaining today are very restricted themselves. The two species recorded for Ujung Kulon National Park are found nowhere else but in this last major area of primary lowland forest of western Java. Similarly, the species found in Alas Purwo National Park and the two species found in Meru Betiri National Park are also restricted to their respective localities, although the two are separated by less than 60 km distance. Such a distance could easily straddle geological, respectively ecological boundaries effectively separating populations of flightless beetles. At the same time, it raises the question how many species once inhabiting the other areas of Java´s lowland forest have become extinct when the land was converted to agricultural use.

Wide areas of East Java and the Lesser Sunda Islands are markedly influenced by seasonal climate resulting in extensive monsoon forests, while wet evergreen forests persist on the slopes of higher mountains (Whitten et al. 1996). Trigonopterus species are restricted to the latter areas, and the monsoon forests are a habitat unsuitable to them, just like the vegetation altered by human influence. Even before the arrival of humans on the Sunda Islands the habitats of Trigonopterus were probably somewhat patchy for climatic reasons. With agriculture changing the land and human population increasing, areas of wet evergreen forests became increasingly fragmented and at times limited to a few square kilometers or less. Besides the usual risks that come with small areas of habitat for animals, additional factors pose serious hazards to the species inhabiting these forests: 1) Many of the mountains supporting these forests are active or dormant volcanoes. Eruptions may destroy major portions of the habitat. During our sampling campaign violent eruptions of Mount Merapi destroyed the last remaining area of primary forest on this mountain. 2) With increasing accessibility spots of natural beauty such as pockets of wet evergreen forests become more vulnerable to illegal logging and to disasters such as wildland fires. During times of drought a cigarette or a campfire may be enough to wipe out the remaining habitat. A wide and sealed road built for the purpose of recreation gave us easy access to a small fragment of wet montane forest on slope of Mount Wilis. It can only be hoped that the road´s impact will not be fatal to T. acuminatus Riedel, sp. n., a species exclusive to this area. 3) Many of the remaining wet evergreen forests stand on fertile grounds highly suitable to cultivate vegetables. With some of the highest population densities worldwide, it is not surprising that in Java, Bali and Lombok gardens tend to expand on the mountain slopes and encroach even on protected forests. Many Trigonopterus species have constraints in terms of elevation: For example, T. argopurensis Riedel, sp. n. was found to a maximum elevation of 1785 m. Although a larger forest area exists on the upper slopes of Mt. Argopuro, it seems to be unsuitable to this particular species which is cornered by coffee gardens in its lower range.

Looking at the distribution of Trigonopterus species in the Sunda Arc and the areas of remaining primary forests, it appears likely that some of these newly discovered species will become extinct in the next few decades. The blame will be largely on human activities which have reduced the once extensive areas of forest to small fragments. It is our responsibility to help preserving these remaining areas of habitat. We should intensify our efforts especially with those forests harbouring endemic species but nevertheless holding a relatively weak conservation status, as exemplified by the reserves of Mount Sawal and Mount Ranaka. In these cases, a limited investment in better protection could achieve a significant improvement for species conservation.

Herein, we provide faces to 98 hitherto unknown species by publishing their descriptions and images, in parallel also on the wiki-site Species-ID. The new names will be useful to deposit scientific data reliably and sustainably. Separate studies on the phylogeny and distribution patterns of Trigonopterus are in progress and will build on this taxonomic foundation. Most of all, it is hoped that knowledge of this previously unknown fauna will create an awareness for the conservation value of the remaining fragments of wet evergreen primary forest in the region. There may be a certain redundancy of conservation areas when we look at the distribution of many vertebrates – however, the larger portion of biodiversity as represented by arthropods exhibits a different picture. The message that a study of flightless weevils of the Sunda Arc conveys is clear: with almost every area of remaining primary forest being destroyed we will lose some more species – with or without names.

Acknowledgements

We thank LIPI (Indonesian Institute of Sciences), RISTEK (Ministry of State for Research and Technology, Indonesia) and the Indonesian Department of Forestry for providing relevant permits. The field work in Indonesia would not have been possible without the generous hospitality and help of many local people, and we thank all of them very warmly. Michi Schrödl (Munich) gave inspiration to use numbers as species epithets. We are grateful to Lyubomir Penev (Sofia) for his constant support during the publication of this study. We thank the German Research Foundation DFG (RI 1817/1-1, 3-1, 3-3) for financial support.

References

Alonso-Zarazaga MA, Lyal CHC (1999) A world catalogue of families and genera of Curculionoidea (Insecta: Coleoptera) (excepting Scolytidae and Platypodidae). Entomopraxis, Barcelona, 315 pp.

Beutel RG, Leschen RAB (2005) Handbook of Zoology, Vol. IV, Part 38, Coleoptera, Beetles. Vol. 1: Morphology and Systematics (Archostemata, Adephaga, Myxophaga, Polyphaga partim). Walter de Gruyter, Berlin, 567 pp.

Leschen RAB, Beutel RG, Lawrence JF, Slipinski A (2009) Handbook of Zoology, Vol. IV, Part 38, Coleoptera, Beetles. Vol. 2: Morphology and Systematics (Elateroidea, Bostrichiformia, Cucujiformia partim). Walter de Gruyter, Berlin, 786 pp.

Besuchet C, Burckhardt DH, Löbl I (1987) The “Winkler/Moczarski” eclector as an efficient extractor for fungus and litter coleoptera. The Coleopterists’ Bulletin 41: 392–394.

Fauvel A (1862) Coléoptères de la Nouvelle-Calédonie, recueillis par M. E. Déplanche, chirurgien de la marine impériale (1858-59-60). Bulletin de la Société Linnéenne de Normandie 7: 120–185 + pl. IX–X.

Heller KM (1915) Neue Käfer von den Philippinen. II. The Philippine Journal of Science (D) 10(1): 19–45.

Hustache A (1925) Curculionides nouveaux des Philippines et l’Orient. The Philippine Journal of Science 27(3): 371–396.

Marshall GAK (1925) New species of Curculionidae from the Sunda islands. Treubia 6: 212–220.

Riedel A (2005) Digital imaging of beetles (Coleoptera) and other three-dimensional insects. In: Häuser C, Steiner A, Holstein J, Scoble MJ (Eds) Digital Imaging of Biological Type Specimens. A Manual of Best Practice.Results from a study of the European Network for Biodiversity Information, Stuttgart, 222–250.

Riedel A (2011) The weevil genus Trigonopterus Fauvel (Coleoptera, Curculionidae) and its synonyms – a taxonomic study on the species tied to its genus-group names. Zootaxa 2977: 1–49.

Riedel A, Daawia D, Balke M (2010) Deep cox1 divergence and hyperdiversity of Trigonopterus weevils in a New Guinea mountain range (Coleoptera, Curculionidae). Zoologica Scripta 39(1): 63–74. doi: 10.1111/j.1463-6409.2009.00404.x

Riedel A, Sagata K, Suhardjono YR, Tänzler R, Balke M (2013a) Integrative taxonomy on the fast track - towards more sustainability in biodiversity research. Frontiers in Zoology 10: 15. doi: 10.1186/1742-9994-10-15

Riedel A, Sagata K, Surbakti S, Tänzler R, Balke M (2013b) One hundred and one new species of Trigonopterus weevils from New Guinea. ZooKeys 280: 1–150. doi: 10.3897/zookeys.280.3906

Stork NE, Grimbacher PS, Storey R, Oberprieler RG, Reid C, Slipinski S (2008) What determines whether a species of insect is described? Evidence from a study of tropical forest beetles. Insect Conservation and Diversity 1(2): 114–119. doi: 10.1111/j.1752-4598.2008.00016.x

Tänzler R, Sagata K, Surbakti S, Balke M, Riedel A (2012) DNA barcoding for community ecology - how to tackle a hyperdiverse, mostly undescribed Melanesian fauna. PLoS ONE 7(1): e28832. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0028832

Tänzler R, Toussaint EFA, Suhardjono YR, Balke M, Riedel A (2014) Multiple transgressions of Wallace’s Line explain diversity of flightless Trigonopterus weevils on Bali. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 281: 20132528. doi: 10.1098/rspb.2013.2528

Whitten T, Soeriaatmadja RE, Afiff SA (1996) The Ecology of Java and Bali. The Ecology of Indonesia Series 2. Periplus Editions, Hong Kong, 969 pp.