Research Article |
Corresponding author: Shuxia Wang ( cnmoths@163.com ) Academic editor: Erik J. van Nieukerken
© 2014 Kaijian Teng, Shurong Liu, Shuxia Wang.
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Citation:
Teng K, Liu S, Wang S (2014) Taxonomic study of the genus Halolaguna Gozmány (Lepidoptera, Lecithoceridae) from China, with descriptions of two new species. ZooKeys 464: 99-110. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.464.8571
|
The genus Halolaguna Gozmány, 1978 is studied in China. Two new species, H. flabellata sp. n. from Guangxi and H. discoidea sp. n. from Chongqing, Guangxi and Sichuan are described. The female of H. guizhouensis Wu, 2012 is reported for the first time. Photographs of adults and genitalia are provided. A checklist of all known Halolaguna species is included, along with a key to the Chinese species.
Lepidoptera , Lecithoceridae , Halolaguna , new species
The family Lecithoceridae occurs particularly in the Oriental and Australian Regions, with around 1,200 described species (
Halolaguna Gozmány, 1978 is a small genus of the subfamily Torodorinae in Lecithoceridae, which was established by Gozmány in
Halolaguna is characterized by having an elongate and relatively narrow forewing with M2 and M3 coincident, and the valva tapering to the apex in the male genitalia. Halolaguna is similar to Antiochtha Meyrick, 1905 in both appearance and male genitalia, but can be distinguished by the presence of M2 in the hindwing, which is absent in Antiochtha. It is also similar to Athymoris Meyrick, 1935 in the venation, but differs in the valva in the male genitalia that is tapering to a pointed apex, whereas the valva is foot-shaped and widened terminally in Athymoris.
We report five Halolaguna species from mainland China in this paper, based on the specimens collected mostly from mountainous regions and natural reserves. Two species are described as new, and the female of Halolaguna guizhouensis Wu, 2012 is described for the first time.
The specimens examined in this study were collected from mountains, botanical gardens and nature reserves in China by light traps. All specimens studied, including the types, are deposited in the Insect Collection, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.
Genitalia dissections were carried out following
Halolaguna Gozmány, 1978: 238. Type species: Halolaguna sublaxata Gozmány, 1978. Type locality: China (Jiangsu).
Halolaguna biferrinella (Walker, 1864)
Lecithocera biferrinella Walker, 1864: 642.
Halolaguna biferrinella: Wu, 2000: 428.
Distribution. Malaysia, Indonesia.
Halolaguna discoidea sp. n.
Distribution. China (Chongqing, Guangxi, Sichuan).
Halolaguna flabellata sp. n.
Distribution. China (Guangxi).
Halolaguna guizhouensis Wu, 2012
Halolaguna guizhouensis Wu, 2012: 394.
Distribution. China (Chongqing, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou).
Halolaguna oncopteryx (Wu, 1994)
Cynicostola oncopteryx Wu, 1994: 125.
Halolaguna oncopteryx:
Distribution. China (Chongqing, Fujian, Guangxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Yunnan, Zhejiang).
Halolaguna orthogonia Wu, 2000
Halolaguna orthogonia Wu, 2000: 427.
Distribution. Malaysia.
Halolaguna palinensis Park, 2000
Halolaguna palinensis Park, 2000: 241.
Distribution. China (Taiwan).
Halolaguna sanmaru Park, 2011
Halolaguna sanmaru Park, 2011: 201.
Distribution. Thailand.
Halolaguna sublaxata Gozmány, 1978
Halolaguna sublaxata Gozmány, 1978: 238.
Distribution. China (Hubei, Jiangsu, Liaoning, Shanxi, Taiwan, Zhejiang), Korea, Japan.
1 | Juxta with postero-lateral lobe about 1/2 length of juxta | 2 |
– | Juxta with postero-lateral lobe as long as juxta or slightly longer than juxta | 4 |
2 | Aedeagus without cornutus | H. guizhouensis |
– | Aedeagus with cornutus | 3 |
3 | Juxta nearly rounded; aedeagus with a rounded apex | H. flabellata sp. n. |
– | Juxta nearly square; aedeagus with a pointed apex | H. oncopteryx |
4 | Gnathos slender, longer than uncus | H. sublaxata |
– | Gnathos obviously shorter than uncus | 5 |
5 | Aedeagus extending to a discal process distally | H. discoidea sp. n. |
– | Aedeagus not extending to a discal process distally | H. palinensis |
Holotype ♂, China: Tudiyan, Mt. Simian (28°60'N, 106°40'E), Chongqing, 1200 m, 15.vii.2012, leg. Yinghui Sun and Aihui Yin, genitalia slide No. TKJ13023. Paratypes: 1 ♂, Mt. Simian, Chongqing, 1000 m, 21.vii.2010, leg. Xicui Du and Shengwen Shi; 1 ♂, same locality, 22.vii.2010, leg. Xicui Du and Lifang Song, genitalia slide No. WYQ13157, venation slide No. TKJ14008W; 1 ♂, 2 ♀, Labahe (30°17'N, 102°29'E), Tianquan County, Sichuan Province, 1300 m, 28.vii.2004, 29.vii.2004, leg. Yingdang Ren; 1 ♀, Mt. Daming (23°24'N, 108°30'E), Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 1200 m, 5.viii.2011, leg. Shulian Hao and Yinghui Sun, genitalia slide No. TKJ14004.
This species is similar to H. oncopteryx (Wu, 1994) and H. flabellata sp. n. in the forewing shape and the male genitalia, but can be separated from these by the juxta with thin claviform postero-lateral lobes slightly longer than the juxta, and the aedeagus with a discal process apically. In H. oncopteryx (Wu, 1994) and H. flabellata sp. n., the postero-lateral lobes of the juxta are short finger-shaped, about 1/2 length of the juxta, and the aedeagus is absent of discal process apically.
Adult (Figs
Male genitalia (Fig.
Female genitalia (Fig.
China (Chongqing, Guangxi, Sichuan).
The name of this species is derived from the Latin adjective discoideus (discal), in reference to the discal process of the aedeagus at apex.
Holotype ♂, China: Jinxiu County (24°07'N, 110°11'E), Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 650 m, 28.iv.2008, leg. Hui Zhen and Li Zhang, genitalia slide No. TKJ13034. Paratype: 1 ♂, Hongqilinchang (21°54'N, 107°54'E), Shangsi County, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 260 m, 2.iv.2002, leg. Shulian Hao and Huaijun Xue, venation slide No. ZYM06260W.
This species is similar to H. oncopteryx (Wu, 1994) superficially and in the male genitalia, but can be separated from the latter by the valva with a blunt apex lacking an apical spine, the juxta nearly rounded, and the apex-rounded aedeagus with two sclerotized figs. In H. oncopteryx, the apex of the valva has a strong apical spine, the juxta is nearly square, and the apex-pointed aedeagus has one sclerotized fig.
Adult (Figs
Male genitalia (Fig.
Female: Unknown.
China (Guangxi).
The specific name of this species is derived from the Latin adjective flabellatus (flabellate), in reference to the basally fan-shaped uncus.
Halolaguna guizhouensis Wu, 2012: 394. Type locality: China (Guizhou).
China: Guizhou Province: 1 ♂, Linjiang (28°05'N, 105°32'E), Xishui County, 550 m, 26.ix.2000, leg. Haili Yu; Chongqing: 5 ♂, 1 ♀, Beipo (29°02'N, 107°11'E), Mt. Jinfo, 1100 m, 5.v.2013, 12.v.2013, leg. Xiaofei Yang; 1 ♂, same locality, 4.viii.2012, leg. Xiaofei Yang and Tengteng Liu; Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region: 2 ♂, 1 ♀, Shaopinglinchang (22°03’N, 106°55’E), Pingxiang, 280 m, 28.iii.2013, 2.iv.2013, 10.iv.2013, leg. Xiaofei Yang, genitalia slide No. TKJ14087♀; 1 ♂, Qinmu Village (24°59’N, 109°59’E), Yongfu County, 160 m, 1.v.2008, leg. Hui Zhen and Li Zhang; 1 ♂, Hekoubaohuzhan, Jinxiu County (24°07'N, 110°11'E), 650 m, 28.iv.2008, leg. Hui Zhen and Li Zhang, genitalia slide No. TKJ13055; 1 ♂, Xijiao (24°15'N, 108°01'E), Nandan County, Hechi, 868 m, 10.viii.2011, leg. Shulian Hao and Yinghui Sun; Guangdong Province: 1 ♂, Heshan (22°25'N, 112°32'E), 26.viii.2002, leg. Guilin Liu; 1 ♂, Hebao Island (21°52'N, 113°10'E), Zhuhai, 30 m, 18.v.2010, leg. Bingbing Hu and Jing Zhang.
Adult (Fig.
Female genitalia (Fig.
China (Chongqing, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou).
Halolaguna guizhouensis was described by
Cynicostola oncopteryx Wu, 1994: 125. Type locality: China (Sichuan).
Halolaguna oncopteryx (Wu):
China: Fujian Province: 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Mt. Meihua (25°20'N, 116°50'E), 19.vii.1988, 22.vii.1988, leg. Chinese Academy of Science; Chongqing: 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Mt. Simian (28°60'N, 106°40'E), 1000 m, 20.vii.2010, leg. Xicui Du and Lifang Song; Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region: 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Hongqilinchang (21°54'N, 107°54'E), Shangsi County, 260 m, 2.iv.2002, leg. Shulian Hao and Huaijun Xue; 2 ♂, 1 ♀, Shaoping linchang (22°03’N, 106°55’E), Pingxiang, 280 m, 19.iv.2012, 28.iii.2013, 13.iv.2013, leg. Xiaofei Yang; 2 ♀, Mt. Daming (23°24'N, 108°30'E), Nanning, 1200 m, 7.viii.2011, 8.viii.2011, leg. Shulian Hao and Yinghui Sun; Yunnan Province: 1 ♂, Tropical Botanical Garden (21°55'N, 101°17'E), Menglun County, 570 m, 13.viii.2005, leg. Yingdang Ren; Zhejiang Province: 1 ♀, Zhangkengkou (28°32'N, 118°99'E), Mt. Jiulong, 623 m, 5.vii.2013, leg. Aihui Yin and Xiuchun Wang; 2 ♂, 1 ♀, Neijiujian (28°40'N, 118°84'E), Mt. Jiulong, 430 m, 7.vii.2013, leg. Aihui Yin and Xiuchun Wang, genitalia slide No. TKJ13035♀; 1 ♂, 2 ♀, Yanping (28°38'N, 118°89'E), Mt. Jiulong, 530 m, 4.vii.2013, leg. Aihui Yin and Xiuchun Wang, genitalia slide No. TKJ13039♂; 2 ♂, 2 ♀, Huangtanyu (28°39'N, 118°84'E), Mt. Jiulong, 467 m, 8.vii.2013, leg. Aihui Yin and Xiuchun Wang; 1 ♂, Wuyanling (27°42'N, 119°39'E), Taishun County, 680 m, 28.vii.2005, leg. Yunli Xiao.
Adult (Fig.
China (Chongqing, Fujian, Guangxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Yunnan, Zhejiang).
Halolaguna sublaxata Gozmány, 1978: 238. Type locality: China (Jiangsu).
China: Zhejiang Province: 1 ♂, Mt. Jiulong (28°29'N, 119°54'E), 400 m, 5.viii.2011, leg. Linlin Yang and Na Chen; 1 ♂, Houshanmen, Mt. Tianmu (30°15'N, 119°20'E), 500 m, 16.viii.1999, leg. Houhun Li et al.; Shanxi Province: 1 ♂, Mt. Li (35°26'N, 111°58'E), Jincheng, 1520 m, 16.viii.2006, leg. Xu Zhang and Haiyan Bai; Liaoning Province: 1 ♂, Shilizi (40°42’N, 124°42’E), Kuandian County, 10.viii.2009, leg. Weichun Li and Jiayu Liu; Hubei Province: 2 ♂, Mt. Wujia (31°05'N, 115°48'E), Yingshan County, 8.vii.2008, leg. Yunli Xiao, genitalia slide No. TKJ13051; 1 ♂, 2 ♀, Mt. Dahong (31°27'N, 113°00'E), Suizhou, 30.ix.2008, 1.x.2008, leg. Yunli Xiao, genitalia slide No. TKJ14088♀.
Adult (Fig.
China (Hubei, Jiangsu, Liaoning, Shanxi, Taiwan, Zhejiang).
We express our cordial thanks to Dr. K. T. Park (Korea) for providing useful literature. This study is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 31372241 and No. J1210005).