Citation: Soldati L, Kergoat GJ, Clamens A-L, Jourdan H, Jabbour-Zahab R, Condamine FL (2014) Integrative taxonomy of New Caledonian beetles: species delimitation and definition of the Uloma isoceroides species group (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae, Ulomini), with the description of four new species. In: Bouchard P, Smith AD (Eds) Proceedings of the Third International Tenebrionoidea Symposium, Arizona, USA, 2013. ZooKeys 415: 133–167. doi: 10.3897/zookeys.415.6623
New Caledonia is an important biodiversity hotspot with much undocumented biodiversity, especially in many insect groups. Here we used an integrative approach to explore species diversity in the tenebrionid genus Uloma (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae, Ulomini), which encompasses about 150 species, of which 22 are known from New Caledonia. To do so, we focused on a morphologically homogeneous group by comparing museum specimens with material collected during several recent field trips. We also conducted molecular phylogenetic analyses based on a concatenated matrix of four mitochondrial and three nuclear genes for 46 specimens. The morphological study allowed us to discover and describe four new species that belong to the group of interest, the Uloma isoceroides group. Molecular analyses confirmed the species boundaries of several of the previously described species and established the validity of the four new species. The phylogenetic analyses also provided additional information on the evolutionary history of the group, highlighting that a species that was thought to be unrelated to the group was in fact a member of the same evolutionary lineage. Molecular species delimitation confirmed the status of the sampled species of the group and also suggested some hidden (cryptic) biodiversity for at least two species of the group. Altogether this integrative taxonomic approach has allowed us to better define the boundaries of the Uloma isoceroides species group, which comprises at least 10 species: Uloma isoceroides (Fauvel, 1904), Uloma opacipennis (Fauvel, 1904), Uloma caledonica Kaszab, 1982, Uloma paniei Kaszab, 1982, Uloma monteithi Kaszab, 1986, Uloma robusta Kaszab, 1986, Uloma clamensae sp. n., Uloma condaminei sp. n., Uloma jourdani sp. n., and Uloma kergoati sp. n. We advocate more studies on other New Caledonian groups, as we expect that much undocumented biodiversity can be unveiled through the use of similar approaches.
Biodiversity hotspot, New Caledonia, New species, Phylogenetics, Taxonomy, Systematics, Tenebrionidae, Uloma
New Caledonia, situated in the southwestern part of the Pacific region, is an old oceanic island that is considered as an important biodiversity hotspot (
Through the advent of molecular systematics, taxonomists have increased species discoveries and documented unsuspected cryptic biodiversity on biodiversity hotspots (
Because New Caledonia is still subjected to numerous threats (biological invasions, mining, forest logging and burning), a particular effort must be undergone to discover, document and protect its unique biodiversity. Although its categorization as a biodiversity hotspot is based on estimates of diversity on vascular plants and vertebrate groups, it likely also applies to other groups such as insects (
In the darkling beetle family (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae), the proportion of New Caledonian species that are endemic is extremely high (215 out of 234 species;
Here we aim at exploring species diversity in this group by comparing the specimens we collected through several field missions in New Caledonia with material from several collections and museums. We also use molecular phylogenetics that allows us to: (i) reconstruct the evolutionary history of the group; (ii) assess species boundaries within the group and confirm the existence of potential new species.
Specimens were collected during several biodiversity surveys undergone between March 2008 and November 2011 in New Caledonia (project ANR BIONEOCAL). Most specimens were caught by hand through a careful examination of fallen branches, rotten logs and standing trees (either unhealthy or dead). In addition, we used headlamps at night to find and collect specimens where they were most active. For this study we tentatively included all specimens that possibly belonged to the group of interest. We also included specimens from Uloma opacipennis, as preliminary analyses conducted on a larger molecular dataset indicate that this species is potentially a member of the group of interest. Morphological examinations of specimens allowed us to determine that the sampled specimens likely corresponded to seven distinct morphospecies (see Table 1 and the Taxonomy results), of which four could not be assigned to any known species. As outgroups, we also used two morphologically unrelated species of Uloma that are not distributed in New Caledonia (Uloma freyi endemic to the Fiji Islands, and Uloma rufa widespread in Europe). Uloma rufa was used to root the tree based on the results of
Taxon sampling. All specimens are from New Caledonia with the exception of the individuals of Uloma freyi and Uloma rufa.
Systematics | GenBank accession No. | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Species | Voucher No. | Locality | 12S | 16S | Cyt b | COI | 28SD2-D3 | Wingless | 18S |
Family Tenebrionidae Latreille, 1802 | |||||||||
Subfamily Tenebrioninae Latreille, 1802 | |||||||||
Tribe Ulomini Blanchard, 1845 | |||||||||
Uloma caledonica Kaszab, 1982 | LSOL.01828 | ‘Parc de la Rivière bleue’ | KJ510053 | -missing- | -missing- | -missing- | -missing- | -missing- | -missing- |
Uloma caledonica Kaszab, 1982 | LSOL.02085 | ‘Parc de la Rivière bleue’ | KJ510054 | -missing- | -missing- | -missing- | -missing- | -missing- | -missing- |
Uloma clamensae sp. n. | LSOL.01336 | ‘Putchaté, Atéu’ | KJ510055 | KJ510095 | KJ510021 | KJ509982 | KJ510159 | KJ510042 | KJ510127 |
Uloma clamensae sp. n. | LSOL.02021 | ‘Massif des Lèvres’ | KJ510056 | KJ510096 | -missing- | KJ509983 | KJ510160 | -missing- | KJ510128 |
Uloma condaminei sp. n. | LSOL.02108 | ‘Wayem, Panié’ | -missing- | -missing- | -missing- | KJ509984 | -missing- | -missing- | -missing- |
Uloma condaminei sp. n. | LSOL.02126 | ‘Wayem, Panié’ | KJ510057 | -missing- | -missing- | KJ509985 | -missing- | -missing- | -missing- |
Uloma condaminei sp. n. | LSOL.02127 | ‘Wayem, Panié’ | KJ510058 | KJ510097 | -missing- | KJ509986 | -missing- | -missing- | -missing- |
Uloma condaminei sp. n. | LSOL.02129 | ‘Wayem, Panié’ | KJ510059 | KJ510098 | -missing- | KJ509987 | -missing- | -missing- | -missing- |
Uloma condaminei sp. n. | LSOL.02130 | ‘Wayem, Panié’ | KJ510060 | KJ510099 | -missing- | KJ509988 | KJ510161 | -missing- | KJ510129 |
Uloma condaminei sp. n. | LSOL.02131 | ‘Wayem, Panié’ | -missing- | KJ510100 | -missing- | -missing- | -missing- | KJ510043 | -missing- |
Uloma condaminei sp. n. | LSOL.02142 | ‘Wayem, Panié’ | KJ510061 | -missing- | -missing- | KJ509989 | -missing- | -missing- | -missing- |
Uloma condaminei sp. n. | LSOL.02147 | ‘Wayem, Panié’ | KJ510062 | KJ510101 | -missing- | KJ509990 | KJ510162 | -missing- | KJ510130 |
Uloma freyi Kulzer, 1960 | LSOL.00996 | (Fiji islands) | KJ510063 | KJ510102 | KJ510022 | KJ509991 | KJ510163 | KJ510044 | KJ510131 |
Uloma isoceroides (Fauvel, 1904) | LSOL.01144 | ‘Plateau de Dogny’ | KJ510064 | KJ510103 | -missing- | KJ509992 | KJ510164 | -missing- | KJ510132 |
Uloma isoceroides (Fauvel, 1904) | LSOL.01250 | ‘Massif de la Tchamba’ | KJ510065 | KJ510104 | KJ510023 | KJ509993 | KJ510165 | -missing- | KJ510133 |
Uloma jourdani sp. n. | LSOL.02158 | ‘Wewec, Panié’ | KJ510066 | KJ510105 | KJ510024 | KJ509994 | -missing- | -missing- | KJ510134 |
Uloma jourdani sp. n. | LSOL.02209 | ‘La Guen, Panié’ | KJ510067 | -missing- | -missing- | KJ509995 | -missing- | -missing- | -missing- |
Uloma jourdani sp. n. | LSOL.02242 | ‘La Guen, Panié’ | KJ510068 | KJ510106 | KJ510025 | KJ509996 | KJ510166 | -missing- | KJ510135 |
Uloma jourdani sp. n. | LSOL.02243 | ‘La Guen, Panié’ | KJ510069 | KJ510107 | KJ510026 | KJ509997 | -missing- | -missing- | KJ510136 |
Uloma jourdani sp. n. | LSOL.02201 | ‘Dawenia, Panié’ | KJ510070 | KJ510108 | -missing- | KJ509998 | KJ510167 | -missing- | KJ510137 |
Uloma jourdani sp. n. | LSOL.02202 | ‘Dawenia, Panié’ | KJ510071 | KJ510109 | -missing- | KJ509999 | KJ510168 | -missing- | KJ510138 |
Uloma jourdani sp. n. | LSOL.02263 | ‘Dawenia, Panié’ | KJ510072 | KJ510110 | KJ510027 | KJ510000 | -missing- | KJ510045 | KJ510139 |
Uloma jourdani sp. n. | LSOL.02265 | ‘Dawenia, Panié’ | KJ510073 | KJ510111 | -missing- | KJ509101 | -missing- | -missing- | KJ510140 |
Uloma jourdani sp. n. | LSOL.02292 | ‘Dawenia, Panié’ | KJ510074 | KJ510112 | -missing- | KJ509102 | KJ510169 | KJ510046 | KJ510141 |
Uloma jourdani sp. n. | LSOL.02294 | ‘Dawenia, Panié’ | KJ510075 | KJ510113 | KJ510028 | KJ509103 | -missing- | KJ510047 | KJ510142 |
Uloma kergoati sp. n. | LSOL.01012 | ‘Monts Koghis’ | KJ510076 | -missing- | -missing- | KJ509104 | -missing- | -missing- | KJ510143 |
Uloma kergoati sp. n. | LSOL.01122 | ‘Monts Koghis’ | KJ510077 | -missing- | -missing- | -missing- | -missing- | -missing- | KJ510144 |
Uloma kergoati sp. n. | LSOL.01587 | ‘Monts Koghis’ | KJ510078 | KJ510114 | KJ510029 | KJ509105 | KJ510170 | -missing- | KJ510145 |
Uloma kergoati sp. n. | LSOL.01805 | ‘Monts Koghis’ | KJ510079 | -missing- | KJ510030 | KJ509106 | -missing- | -missing- | KJ510146 |
Uloma kergoati sp. n. | LSOL.01806 | ‘Monts Koghis’ | KJ510080 | -missing- | KJ510031 | KJ509107 | -missing- | -missing- | KJ510147 |
Uloma opacipennis (Fauvel, 1904) | LSOL.01020 | ‘Mont Do’ | KJ510081 | -missing- | -missing- | KJ509108 | -missing- | -missing- | KJ510148 |
Uloma opacipennis (Fauvel, 1904) | LSOL.01360 | ‘Parc de la Rivière bleue’ | KJ510082 | KJ510115 | KJ510032 | -missing- | -missing- | -missing- | KJ510149 |
Uloma opacipennis (Fauvel, 1904) | LSOL.02144 | ‘Wayem, Panié’ | KJ510083 | -missing- | -missing- | KJ510009 | KJ510171 | -missing- | -missing- |
Uloma opacipennis (Fauvel, 1904) | LSOL.02184 | ‘Dawenia, Panié’ | KJ510084 | KJ510116 | KJ510033 | KJ510010 | KJ510172 | KJ510048 | -missing- |
Uloma opacipennis (Fauvel, 1904) | LSOL.02185 | ‘Dawenia, Panié’ | KJ510085 | KJ510117 | KJ510034 | KJ510011 | KJ510173 | -missing- | -missing- |
Uloma opacipennis (Fauvel, 1904) | LSOL.02193 | ‘Dawenia, Panié’ | KJ510086 | KJ510118 | KJ510035 | KJ510012 | KJ510174 | KJ510049 | KJ510150 |
Uloma opacipennis (Fauvel, 1904) | LSOL.02206 | ‘Dawenia, Panié’ | KJ510087 | -missing- | -missing- | KJ510013 | -missing- | -missing- | -missing- |
Uloma opacipennis (Fauvel, 1904) | LSOL.02224 | ‘La Guen, Panié’ | KJ510088 | KJ510119 | KJ510036 | -missing- | -missing- | -missing- | KJ510151 |
Uloma opacipennis (Fauvel, 1904) | LSOL.02225 | ‘La Guen, Panié’ | KJ510089 | KJ510120 | KJ510037 | KJ510014 | -missing- | -missing- | KJ510152 |
Uloma opacipennis (Fauvel, 1904) | LSOL.02236 | ‘La Guen, Panié’ | KJ510090 | KJ510121 | -missing- | KJ510015 | -missing- | KJ510050 | KJ510153 |
Uloma opacipennis (Fauvel, 1904) | LSOL.02237 | ‘La Guen, Panié’ | KJ510091 | KJ510122 | -missing- | KJ510016 | -missing- | KJ510051 | KJ510154 |
Uloma opacipennis (Fauvel, 1904) | LSOL.02250 | ‘La Guen, Panié’ | KJ510092 | KJ510123 | KJ510038 | KJ510017 | KJ510175 | KJ510052 | KJ510155 |
Uloma opacipennis (Fauvel, 1904) | LSOL.02251 | ‘La Guen, Panié’ | KJ510093 | KJ510124 | KJ510039 | KJ510018 | -missing- | -missing- | KJ510156 |
Uloma opacipennis (Fauvel, 1904) | LSOL.02260 | ‘Dawenia, Panié’ | -missing- | KJ510125 | KJ510040 | KJ510019 | -missing- | -missing- | KJ510157 |
Uloma opacipennis (Fauvel, 1904) | LSOL.02261 | ‘Dawenia, Panié’ | KJ510094 | KJ510126 | KJ510041 | KJ510020 | -missing- | -missing- | KJ510158 |
Uloma rufa (Piller & Mitterbacher, 1783) | U.rufa.1 | (France) | KC160347 | KC160424 | -missing- | -missing- | -missing- | -missing- | KJ003714 |
Total DNA of 46 specimens was extracted following the non-invasive protocol of extraction of
The PCR products were processed by the French sequencing centre Genoscope using a BigDye 3.1 sequencing kit and Applied 3730xl sequencers. The resulting sequences of complementary strands were further edited and reconciled using Geneious 5.1 (available at: www.geneious.com). All the sequences generated in this study were deposited in GenBank (KJ509982-KJ51017, see Table 1 for details). For all protein-coding genes (COI, Cyt b and Wg), we used Mesquite 2.75 (available at: www.mesquiteproject.org) to check coding frames for possible errors or stop codons. Alignment of non-coding genes (12S, 16S, 28SD2-D3, and 18S) was carried out using Muscle (
Maximum likelihood (ML) analyses were performed with the raxmlGUI package v1.3 (
To determine putative molecular species clusters on our dataset we then use Poisson tree processes (PTP) models (
Specimens examined for this study are deposited in the following institutions and collections (all collection codes follow
BMNH The Natural History Museum, London, United Kingdom.
BPBM Hawaii, Bernice P. Bishop Museum, Honolulu, USA.
CBGP Centre de Biologie pour la Gestion des Populations, Montferrier-sur-Lez, France.
CS Collection Soldati, Montpellier, France.
Hnhm Hungarian Natural History Museum, Budapest, Hungary.
IRSNB Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique, Brussels, Belgium.
MNHN Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France.
MTD Museum für Tierkunde, Dresden, Germany.
QM Queensland Museum, Brisbane, Australia.
USNM National Museum of Natural History, Washington D.C., USA.
Specimens were glued on glue boards, then pinned, labelled and dry stored in insect boxes. The glue used (Cléopâtre™ ref. AD110P) to secure the specimens on the glue boards is water soluble and completely reversible. Male genitalia were also dissected and glued on the same glue board that their respective specimens. Pictures of specimens were taken by L. Soldati using the focus stacking system Entovision™ on the imaging platform of the CBGP. Morphological terms used in this study follow the terminology of
The ML analyses yield a best ML tree with a likelihood score of -11607.44 (Fig. 1). All the nodes that lead to putative taxa (i.e. morphospecies) are well-supported (BV ≥ 70%). All members of the group of interest are recovered in a well-supported clade (BV of 92%). Within this clade, the representatives of the Uloma jourdani sp. n. are in a sister position to all remaining NC representatives. Then, two major clades can be distinguished, each of them corresponding to three morphospecies. In the first, the two representatives of Uloma isoceroides are sisters to Uloma clamensae sp. n. and Uloma condaminei sp. n. In the second Uloma kergoati sp. n. is sister to a clade encompassing representatives of Uloma caledonica and Uloma opacipennis. At the intraspecific level it is also worth highlighting the fact that representatives of Uloma jourdani sp. n. are clustered into two well-differentiated clades (respectively supported by a BV of 77% and 96%). Regarding molecular species delimitation, the PTP analyses recover nine putative species clusters (see Fig. 1) for the seven sampled morphospecies belonging to the group of interest. Additional species clusters were found in Uloma isoceroides (two distinct clusters encompassing one individual each) and Uloma jourdani sp. n. (two distinct clusters encompassing six and four specimens, respectively).
Maximum likelihood tree resulting from the analysis of the combined dataset. Support of major nodes is provided by BV (only BV ≥ 50% are figured). For the group of interest we used coloured frames to highlight the seven sampled morphospecies (Uloma caledonica, Uloma clamensae, Uloma condaminei, Uloma isoceroides, Uloma jourdani, Uloma kergoati and Uloma opacipennis). On the right, corresponding male habitus are also included for illustrative purpose. Results of the PTP analysis are provided using coloured branches. Putative molecular species are indicated using transitions between blue-coloured branches to red-coloured branches. For the two cases (for Uloma isoceroides and Uloma jourdani) in which two distinct putative species clusters are inferred we added numbers into brackets to indicate the assignation of specimens to a specific species cluster.
The Uloma isoceroides species group is named after Uloma isoceroides, the first described species of the group (page 182 in
http://species-id.net/wiki/Uloma_caledonica
Figs 2A, 3A–BSaint Louis, Forêt de Thi.
Holotype male (BPBM). Paratypes: 11 males and 10 females (BPBM), two males and one female (USNM), three males (IRSNB), none examined; one male, original label: “Nouvelle-Calédonie, 1893, Coll. Ed. Fleutiaux” (MNHN); one male, original label: “Nouvelle-Calédonie” (Hnhm), both examined.
Uloma caledonica is one of the four species of the group in which the mentum of the male is completely glabrous and flat. It differs from these three species (Uloma jourdani, Uloma isoceroides and Uloma kergoati) by the longer metaventrite (between meso- and metacoxae approximately as long as a mesocoxa), the humeri slightly developed, the elytral striae of punctures strongly marked and developed to apex, and the pronotal punctation barely visible. The shape of the aedeagus is also unique among the New Caledonian Uloma species, with the parameres bottleneck-shaped and triangularly notched at the apex.
Habitus (dorsal view): A Uloma caledonica B Uloma isoceroides C Uloma monteithi D Uloma opacipennis E Uloma paniei F Uloma robusta. Scale bar: 5 mm.
Saint-Louis (Forêt de Thi), Rivière Bleue (Yaté), La Couèle-Yaté Rd., Mt Koghi, Nouméa, Île des Pins. “Neukaledonien (Grande Terre SO, Île des Pins)”.
Mont Do (21°45.63'S, 166°00.15'E, ca 940 m) 6.III.2008, L. Soldati, G.J. Kergoat & H. Jourdan rec. (CBGP); Parc Provincial de la Rivière Bleue, Refuge des Ornithologues (22°08.04'E, 166°39.19'S, ca 190 m) 4.XI.2008, L. Soldati, G.J. Kergoat, F.L. Condamine & H. Jourdan rec. (CBGP).
http://zoobank.org/D693C69B-FC2C-43D0-9BDC-93D7D95D26F5
http://species-id.net/wiki/Uloma_clamensae
Figs 3C–D, 4A, B, C, D, EHolotype male, pinned, with genitalia glued on the same card as the specimen itself. Original label: “Nouvelle-Calédonie, Putchaté, Atéu, 23.IV.2009, E. Baby leg. / 20°59.39'S, 164°54.04'E, ca 370 m alt.” / Uloma clamensae m. n. sp. L. Soldati det. 2013, HOLOTYPE ♂ (red printed label) (MNHN); Paratypes, same data as Holotype: one female (MNHN), one male (CS).
Uloma clamensae is closely related to Uloma condaminei sp. n. The two species are so similar that the only reliable way to separate them is to compare their male genitalia. Uloma clamensae and Uloma condaminei can also be distinguished from all the other Uloma species of New Caledonia by the unique structure of the mentum in the male: the mentum pilosity is reduced to two apical hair tufts on each side (Fig. 6F–G).
In the case of isolated females, the geographic distribution may distinguish Uloma clamensae from Uloma condaminei.
Length 9.0–9.5 mm; width 3.2–3.5 mm. Shining, pitchy dark brown. Antennae, mouthparts, legs and elytra reddish-brown.
Head (Fig. 3E).
Aedeagus (tergal face and lateral view): A–B Uloma caledonica C–D Uloma clamensae E–F Uloma condaminei G–H Uloma isoceroides I–J Uloma jourdani K–L Uloma kergoati M–N Uloma monteithi O–P Uloma opacipennis Q–R Uloma robusta.
Male: Transverse, genae straight in front of the eyes, then continuous in curved line with the clypeus. Frontoclypeal suture superficially impressed. Frons and clypeus fused, with shagreened dull surface, covered with extremely fine, sparse and barely visible punctures. Vertex convex, shining and separated from the frons by a transverse depression that extends behind the eyes. Tempora (densely) and vertex (sparsely) coarsely punctured.
Female: in contrast to male, frontoclypeal area finely and quite densely punctate over a shining background. Frontoclypeal suture shallowly impressed.
Antennae (Fig. 4E) gradually becoming transverse and expanded from antennomere 5. Antennomeres 5–9 flattened with apices more or less protruding in middle, especially 7th.
Uloma clamensae: A habitus (dorsal view) B habitus (lateral view) C habitus (ventral view) D anterior tibia (upper face) E head (dorsal view). Scale bar: 5 mm.
Mentum of the male (Fig. 4C) cordate, with two oblique lateral grooves near the base and two apical dense hair tufts, all arranged symmetrically in relation to midline; disc slightly concave longitudinally, unpunctured and shining. Male mentum of Uloma clamensae is similar to the one of Uloma condaminei (see Fig. 6F–G). Female mentum cordate but narrower, not transverse, with the two oblique lateral grooves merging at base to form a U-shape in between, disc flat, smooth and shining, without punctation.
Pronotum: about 1.2 times wider than long, sides subparallels, widest around the middle. Rim on the anterior margin at middle usually obliterated, sometimes slightly visible; base unmargined, with exception of two very short folds located at the level of the two concave curves of external margin. Anterior angles 90°but smooth at the top and slightly protruding forward, posterior angles obtuse. Lateral rims becoming progressively thinner from the base toward the anterior angles. Whole upper surface of the pronotum very finely punctate, sparser on the disc but denser on the sides.
Male: antero-median depression of pronotum well impressed, not reaching half of pronotal length, its posterior edge arcuate and delimited by four very faint elevations. The lateral bumps anterolaterally bordering the depression low and not projecting to anterior edge. Interior of depression somewhat more strongly punctate than rest of pronotal surface.
Female: pronotum regularly convex, without antero-median depression and overall finely punctate.
Prosternal process in lateral view obliquely bent beneath procoxae.
Elytra quite convex, humeral angles of lateral margin protruding. Lateral margin barely visible in dorsal view except around middle. Each elytron bears nine grooved and punctured striae and a faint scutellary striole. Strial punctures slightly wider than grooves. Elytral intervals nearly flat on disc and becoming slightly convex laterally and toward apex, covered with fine and superficial punctation.
Metaventrite short, length between meso- and metacoxae less than half the length of mesocoxa.
Abdomen. Abdominal ventrites 1-4 (Fig. 4C) finely and superficially punctate on a narrow median longitudinal strip. On each side of this longitudinal strip, punctation becomes progressively larger and sparser toward the sides and the integument’s surface is slightly striate longitudinally. The apical ventrite covered with fine scattered punctation, its outer margin without rim.
Legs. Anterior tibiae (Fig. 4D) without carina on their upper face and strongly notched at the base of nearly half the length of inner side.
Aedeagus: tergal face (Fig. 3C), with basal two-thirds of parameres bottleneck-shaped, then abruptly enlarged and securiform at the apex. In lateral view (Fig. 3D), parameres bisinuate and narrowed toward apex.
This new species is named after A.-L. Clamens, biologist and member of the “All Blaps” team.
Uloma clamensae is currently only known only from its type locality in New Caledonia.
http://zoobank.org/8EEBB1B0-79AD-4FEB-930F-FAF3C358805C
http://species-id.net/wiki/Uloma_condaminei
Figs 3E–F, 5A, B, C, D, E, 6F–GHolotype male, pinned, with genitalia glued on the same card as the specimen itself. Original label: “Nouvelle-Calédonie, Roches de Ouaième, 2.XI.2010, H. Jourdan & C. Mille leg. / 20°38.333'S, 164°52.092'E ca 680 m alt.” / Uloma condaminei m. n. sp. L. Soldati det. 2013, HOLOTYPE ♂ (red printed label) (MNHN); Allotype female. Original label: “Nouvelle-Calédonie, Roches de Ouaième, 2.XI.2010, H. Jourdan & C. Mille leg. / 20°38.283'S, 164°52.010'E, ca 700 m alt.” / Uloma condaminei m. n. sp. L. Soldati det. 2013, ALLOTYPE ♀ (red printed label) (MNHN); Paratypes: one male (MNHN), one male and one female (CS): “Nouvelle-Calédonie, Roches de Ouaième, 4.XI.2010, H. Jourdan & C. Mille leg. / 20°38.567'S, 164°51.607'E, ca 800 m alt.” / Uloma condaminei m. n. sp. L. Soldati det. 2013; Paratypes: one male (CS), one male (HNHM) one female (CBGP), “Nouvelle-Calédonie, Roches de Ouaième, 4.XI.2010, H. Jourdan & C. Mille leg. / 20°38.333'S, 164°51.947'E, ca 750 m alt.”/ Uloma condaminei m. n. sp. L. Soldati det. 2013; Paratype: one male (CBGP) “Nouvelle-Calédonie, Roches de Ouaième, 1.XI.2010, H. Jourdan & C. Mille leg. / 20°38.400'S, 164°52.285'E ca 600 m alt.” / Uloma condaminei m. n. sp. L. Soldati det. 2013.
As underlined beforehand, Uloma condaminei is morphologically closely related to Uloma clamensae sp. n. It is also morphologically related to Uloma paniei Kaszab, 1982 and Uloma robusta Kaszab, 1986 with whom it shares a similar type of aedeagus. Uloma condaminei can be distinguished from the former two by looking at the pilosity of the mentum. In Uloma condaminei, mentum’s pilosity is reduced to two apical hair tufts on each sides (Fig. 6F–G) while in Uloma paniei and in Uloma robusta the sides of the mentum are completely fringed, from the lateral grooves to the anterior edge. Furthermore, the basal notch at the inner side of the anterior tibiae is larger and deeper (more than one-third of the inner side total length). The average size of Uloma condaminei is also smaller (8.0–10.0 mm instead of 10.5–12.2 mm).
Length 8.0–10 mm; width 3.2–4.0 mm. Shining, pitchy dark brown. Antennae, mouthparts, legs and sometimes elytra reddish-brown.
Head: (Fig. 5E) Male: Transverse, genae rounded and continuous in curved line with the clypeus. Frontoclypeal suture not grooved. Frons and clypeus fused in a flat shagreened and dull surface covered with extremely fine, sparse and barely visible punctures. Vertex convex and separated from the frons by a light transverse depression that links the tempora together behind the eyes. Tempora (densely) and vertex (sparsely) coarsely punctured. Female: contrary to the male, the frontoclypeal area is finely punctate and shining and, at the location of the suture, there is a slight curved depression.
Uloma condaminei: A habitus (dorsal view) B habitus (lateral view) C habitus (ventral view) D anterior tibia (upper face) E head (dorsal view). Scale bar: 5 mm.
Antennae (Fig. 5E) gradually becoming transverse and expanded from antennomere 5. Antennomeres 5–7 flattened with the apical edges more or less lobate and dull.
Mentum (Figs 6F–G) similar to Uloma clamensae, cordate, flat, with two oblique lateral grooves near the base and two apical dense hair tufts (Fig. 6F), all arranged symmetrically in relation to midline; disc unpunctured and shining. In the female, the mentum’s shape is rounder, the two oblique lateral grooves are closer, longer and deeper so that the midline appears to be convex and the anterior emargination very light.
Uloma condaminei: F forebody (lateral view) G forebody (ventral view). The arrows show the apical hair tufts on the mentum.
Pronotum: about 1.2 times wider than long, sides weakly arcuate, widest around the middle. Rim on the anterior margin disappears completely on a short length in the middle; base unrimmed, with exception of two short folds located at the level of the two concave curves of external margin. Anterior angles 90° but smooth at the top and slightly protruding forward, posterior ones obtuse. Lateral rims becoming progressively thinner from the base toward the anterior angles. Whole upper surface of the pronotum finely and densely punctate, sparser on the disc but denser on the sides.
Male: antero-median depression of pronotum well impressed, not reaching half of pronotal length, its posterior edge arcuate and delimited by four very faint elevations. The lateral bumps anterolaterally bordering the depression low and not projecting to anterior edge. Interior of depression somewhat more strongly punctate than rest of pronotal surface.
Female: pronotum regularly convex, without antero-median depression and overall punctate.
Prosternal process in lateral view obliquely bent beneath procoxae.
Elytra quite convex, humeral angles of lateral margin protruding. Lateral margin barely visible in dorsal view except in the middle. Each elytron bears nine grooved striae of punctures and a faint scutellary striole. Strial punctures are slightly wider than grooves. Elytral intervals nearly flat on disc and becoming slightly convex laterally and toward apex, covered with fine and superficial punctation.
Metaventrite short (Fig. 5C), between meso- and metacoxae about as long as the length of a mesocoxa.
Abdominal ventrites 1–4 (Fig. 5C) finely and densely punctate on a narrow median longitudinal strip. On each side of this longitudinal strip, punctation becomes progressively larger and sparser toward the sides and the integument’s surface is slightly striate longitudinally. The anal ventrite finely and sparsely punctate, its outer margin without rim, except a very short fold on both sides, just in front of the base.
Anterior tibiae (Fig. 5D) with only a faint trace of carina on their upper surface and strongly notched at base of at least one-third of the length of the inner side.
Aedeagus: on tergal face (Fig. 3E), the basal two-third of the parameres are bottleneck-shaped, then suddenly enlarged and truncate at the apex. In lateral view (Fig. 3F), parameres are bisinuate and narrowed toward apex.
This new species is named after our friend and colleague Dr. F.L. Condamine who was a PhD student at the time we prospected in New Caledonia. He is also a member of the “All Blaps” team.
Uloma condaminei is currently known only from New Caledonia where it is endemic.
http://species-id.net/wiki/Uloma_isoceroides
Figs 2B, 3G–HBaie du Prony, Mont Mou, Ourail, Kanala.
Lectotype male and paralectotypes (designated by
Uloma isoceroides is one of the four species of the group in which the mentum of the male is completely glabrous and flat. It can be separated from Uloma caledonica by the shorter metaventrite, (between meso- and metacoxae hardly longer than half of the length of a mesocoxa) and the humeri not developed. It differs from Uloma jourdani by the outer margin of terminal ventrite (anal sternite) regularly arcuate, without lateral sinuosities, the mentum as long as broad or longer, not cordate. Moreover, all the male antenomeres are shining and the aedeagus is different. It differs also from Uloma kergoati by the elytral striae of punctures normally marked and developed to the apex, the pronotum quite densely and sharp punctate, and the different aedeagus. Its size is also smaller in average (7.0-8.8 mm). Aedeagus (Fig. 3G, H) similar to the one of Uloma caledonica (with the parameres bottleneck-shaped) but truncate (not notched) at the apex.
Monts Koghis (22°10.63'S, 166°30.49'E, ca 460 m) 4.III.2008, L. Soldati, G.J. Kergoat & H. Jourdan rec. (CBGP); Réserve Botanique de Bois du Sud (22°10.41'S, 166°45.83'E, ca 210 m) 8.III.2008, L. Soldati, G.J. Kergoat & H. Jourdan rec. (CBGP); Plateau de Dogny (21°37.03'S, 165°53.05'E, ca 920 m) 29.X.2008, L. Soldati, G.J. Kergoat & F.L. Condamine rec. (CBGP); Massif forestier de la Tchamba (21°00.71'S, 165°15.58'E, ca 200 m) 8.IV.2009, L. Soldati, G.J. Kergoat, H. Jourdan & F.L. Condamine rec. (CBGP).
As underlined by the results of the PTP molecular species delimitation analyses, there is potentially some level of cryptic diversity for this species. One putative species corresponds to the material collected in the Plateau de Dogny, whereas the other putative species corresponds to material collected in the Tchamba forest mountain range. Further studies based on a larger sampling from additional localities should clarify this finding and possibly discern one or more cryptic species.
http://zoobank.org/390037E3-3B06-48F9-A784-0A23B2117BC8
http://species-id.net/wiki/Uloma_jourdani
Figs 3I–J, 7A, B, C, D, EHolotype male, pinned, with genitalia glued on the same glue board as the specimen itself. Original label: “Nouvelle-Calédonie, Massif du Panié, Dawenia, 13.XI.2010, Jourdan & Mille rec. / 20°32.268'S, 164°40.903'E, ca 640 m NC130-2a’” / Uloma jourdani m. n. sp. L. Soldati det. 2013, HOLOTYPE ♂ (red printed label) (MNHN); Allotype female, pinned. Original label: “Nouvelle-Calédonie, Massif du Panié, Dawenia, 14.XI.2010, H. Jourdan & C. Mille / 20°32.290'S, 164°40.967'E, ca 620 m NC139-2a’” / Uloma jourdani m. n. sp. L. Soldati det. 2013, ALLOTYPE ♀ (red printed label) (MNHN); Paratypes: one male (MNHN) and one female (CBGP): “Nouvelle-Calédonie, Massif du Panié, Dawenia, 13.XI.2010, H. Jourdan & C. Mille / 20°32.268'S, 164°40.903'E, ca 630 m; Paratypes: two males (CBGP): “Nouvelle-Calédonie, Massif du Panié, Dawenia, 13.XI.2010, H. Jourdan & C. Mille / 20°32.268'S, 164°40.903'E, ca 640 m”; Paratypes: one male (CS): “Nouvelle-Calédonie, Massif du Panié, Dawenia, 12.XI.2010, H. Jourdan & C. Mille / 20°32.265'S, 164°40.843'E ca 620 m”; Paratypes: one male and one female (CS): “Nouvelle-Calédonie, Massif du Panié, Dawenia, 14.XI.2010, H. Jourdan & C. Mille / 20°32.262'S, 164°41.092'E ca 620 m”; Paratype: one female (CS): “Nouvelle-Calédonie, Massif du Panié, Dawenia, 14.XI.2010, H. Jourdan & C. Mille / 20°32.290'S, 164°40.967'E ca 620 m”.
one male, Nouvelle-Calédonie, Massif du Panié, Wewec, forêt sur pente, 20°35.63'S, 164°43.66'E ca 420 m, 8.XI.2010, H. Jourdan & C. Mille rec.; one female, Massif du Panié, La Guen, 20°37.48'S, 164°46.83'E ca 580 m, 23.XI.2010, H. Jourdan & C. Mille rec.; one female, Massif du Panié, La Guen, 20°37.50'S, 164°46.83'E ca 590 m, 19.XI.2010, H. Jourdan & C. Mille rec.; two males and one female, Massif du Panié, La Guen, 20°37.50'S, 164°46.83'E ca 590 m, 18-25.XI.2010, H. Jourdan & C. Mille rec.; one male, Massif du Panié, La Guen, 20°37.50'S, 164°46.92'E ca 570 m, 18.XI.2010, H. Jourdan & C. Mille rec.
The completely glabrous and flat mentum of Uloma jourdani males is also found in Uloma caledonica, Uloma isoceroides and Uloma kergoati. Uloma jourdani can be distinguished from Uloma caledonica by its shorter metaventrite (the part between meso- and metacoxae hardly longer than half of the length of a mesocoxa), by the reduced humeri and also by different male aedeagus. It differs from Uloma isoceroides and Uloma kergoati by the shape of the terminal ventrite (anal sternite), by the presence of a dull shagreened patch on the upper face of male antennomeres 5–7 and also by differences in male aedeagus.
Length 8.0–9.0 mm; width 4.0–4.2 mm. Shining, pitchy dark brown, elytra often brighter, dark red-brown. Antennae, mouthparts, legs and elytra reddish-brown.
Head (Fig. 7E).
Uloma jourdani: A habitus (dorsal view) B habitus (lateral view) C habitus (ventral view) D anterior tibia (upper face) E head (dorsal view). Scale bar: 5 mm.
Male: Transverse, genae straight just in front of the eyes, then continuous in curved line with the clypeus. Frontoclypeal suture shallowly impressed. Frons and clypeus fused in a shagreened and dull surface covered with extremely fine, sparse and barely visible punctures. Vertex convex, shining and separated from the frons by a deep transverse impression that extends behind the eyes. Tempora and vertex (more sparsely) coarsely punctured.
Female: contrary to the male, the frontoclypeal area is finely and densely punctate over a shining background. The frontoclypeal junction is slightly convex and there are two feebly impressed oblique lateral lines at the place of the clypeogenal suture. In between, the transversal line of the suture is barely visible.
Antennae (Fig. 7E) gradually becoming transverse and expanded from antennomere 5. Antennomeres 5–9 flattened with the apical edges more or less protruding in the middle, especially the 7th. In the males, antennomeres 5-7 are dull and shagreened on their upper face only.
Mentum (Fig. 7C) transverse, cordate, flat, with two oblique lateral grooves arranged symmetrically in relation to midline; disc flat, covered with a dense, extremely fine and horizontally confluent punctation. In the female, the mentum is similar to the male’s one, but the punctation is less dense and distinct.
Pronotum: about 1.3 times wider than long. Sides narrow in light curve from rear to front, widest just in front of the base. Rim on the anterior margin obliterates completely in the middle; base unrimmed, with exception of two very short folds located at the level of the two concave curves of external margin. Anterior angles 90°but smooth at the top and slightly protruding forward, posterior ones obtuse. Lateral rims becoming progressively thinner from the base toward the anterior angles. Whole upper surface of the pronotum finely punctate, sparser on the disc but denser on the sides.
Male: antero-median depression of pronotum well impressed, quite broad, not reaching half of pronotal length, its posterior edge arcuate and delimited by four very faint elevations. The lateral bumps anterolaterally bordering the depression’s sides forward are low.
Female: pronotum regularly convex, without antero-median depression and overall finely punctate, but denser on the sides.
Prosternal process in lateral view in steep slope beneath procoxae.
Elytra convex, slightly oval, sides not subparallel. Humeral angles of lateral margin feebly protruding and generally covered by the posterior angles of pronotum. Lateral margin invisible in dorsal view, except at the level of the humeral angles and at the rear of elytra. Each elytron bears nine grooved striae of punctures and a faint scutellary striole. Strial punctures are slightly wider than grooves. Elytral intervals flat on disc and becoming very slightly convex laterally - but not at the apex - covered with fine and superficial punctuation.
Metaventrite short, between meso- and metacoxae, about half the length of a mesocoxa.
Anterior tibiae (Fig. 7D) with only a faint trace of carina on their upper surface and strongly notched at base of at least one-fourth of the length of the inner side.
Aedeagus: on tergal face (Fig. 3I), the basal two-third of the parameres are bottleneck-shaped, then slightly enlarged and securiform at the apex. In lateral view (Fig. 3J), parameres are bisinuate and narrowed toward apex.
This new species is named after our friend Dr. H. Jourdan (IRD Nouméa) great connoisseur of New Caledonia. He is also a member of the “All Blaps” team.
At present, Uloma jourdani is only known from the surroundings of Dawenia, in a valley situated at the foot of the western slopes of Mount Colnett in New Caledonia.
As underlined by the results of the PTP molecular species delimitation analyses, there is potentially some level of cryptic diversity for this species. One putative species correspond to the material collected in Dawenia (in the Panié mountain range), whereas the other putative species correspond to material collected in La Guen and Wewec (in the Panié mountain range). Both groups are apparently morphologically indistinguishable, but we cannot exclude the possibility that future studies may find some morphological differences between the two. To avoid complicating possible future taxonomic revisions, we chose to only select specimens from one of the two putative groups (i.e. the specimens collected in Dawenia) as reference for all the type material.
http://zoobank.org/A06836E0-2321-44B0-8828-8049C9EA7AAD
http://species-id.net/wiki/Uloma_kergoati
Figs 3K–L, 8A, B, C, D, EHolotype male, pinned, with genitalia glued on the same card as the specimen itself. Original label: “Nouvelle-Calédonie, Massif du Kouakoué, 17-23.III.2008, H. Jourdan, G. Kergoat & L. Soldati leg. / 21°57.427'S, 166°32.294'E, ca 1280 m alt. / Uloma kergoati m. n. sp. L. Soldati det. 2013, HOLOTYPE ♂” (red printed label) (MNHN); Allotype female, pinned. Original label: “Nouvelle-Calédonie, Massif du Kouakoué, 17-23.III.2008, H. Jourdan, G. Kergoat & L. Soldati leg. / 21°57.427'S, 166°32.294'E, ca 1280 m alt. NC16-2b” / Uloma kergoati m. n. sp. L. Soldati det. 2013, ALLOTYPE ♀ (MNHN); Paratypes, same data as holotype: one female (MNHN), one male (HNHM), two males (CBGP), three males and one female (CS).
The completely glabrous and flat mentum of Uloma kergoati males is also found in Uloma caledonica, Uloma isoceroides and Uloma jourdani. It differs from Uloma caledonica by its shorter metaventrite (hardly longer than half of the length of a mesocoxa), by the reduced humeri and also by differences in male aedeagus. It can easily be distinguished from Uloma jourdani by the shining surface of the upper face of all male antennomeres and the aedeagus. It also differs from Uloma isoceroides by the elytral striae of punctures that become finer and blurred toward apex; in addition, the male aedeagus of these two species are also very distinctive.
Length 8.0–11 mm; width 3.8–4.2 mm. Shining, pitchy dark brown. Antennae, mouthparts, legs and elytra reddish-brown.
Head (Fig. 8E).
Uloma kergoati: A habitus (dorsal view) B habitus (lateral view) C habitus (ventral view) D anterior tibia (upper face) E head (dorsal view). Scale bar: 5 mm.
Male: Transverse, genae straight in front of the eyes, then continuous in curved line with the clypeus. Frontoclypeal suture faintly impressed. Frons and clypeus fused in a flat shagreened and dull surface covered with extremely fine, sparse and barely visible punctures. Vertex separated from the frons by a superficial transverse impression. Tempora coarsely punctured. Vertex with very fine and obsolescent punctures, the background dull like the frontoclypeal area.
Female: contrary to the male, the frontoclypeal area is finely punctate and shining and, at the location of the suture, there is a shallow curved depression.
Antennae (Fig. 8E) gradually becoming transverse and expanded from antennomere 5. Antennomeres 5–9 flattened with the apical edges more or less protruding.
Mentum (Fig. 8E) cordate, flat, with two oblique divergent lateral grooves near the base. In the female, the mentum is narrower, the two oblique lateral grooves are closer, larger and less oblique (i.e. more parallel), the anterior margin is truncate.
Pronotum. Male: about 1.2 times wider than long, sides nearly straight in the basal half, then regularly arcuate toward the anterior angles, widest in front of the middle. Rim on the anterior margin disappears in the middle at level of the antero-median depression; at the same place, the anterior margin is emarginate and concave. Base without rim, except two very short folds located at the level of the two concave curves of external margin. Anterior angles 90°, posterior ones slightly obtuse. Whole upper surface of the pronotum densely punctate, sparser on the disc but denser and finer on the sides. Antero-median depression of pronotum quite deep, not reaching half of pronotal length, its posterior edge arcuate with a slight median impression. Interior of antero-median depression more coarsely punctate than rest of pronotal surface, the ground dull and shagreened.
Female: regularly convex, without antero-median depression and overall sharply and densely punctate, the punctures finer on the sides. Pronotum widest at base, then narrowed toward the front; the anterior edge tri-sinuate.
Prosternal process in lateral view obliquely bent beneath procoxae.
Elytra. Elytra quite convex transversally, humeri reduced. Humeral angles of lateral margin protruding and divergent (especially in the males); sides subparallel on one-third of the basal part, then regularly acuminate. Lateral margin visible in dorsal view except at level of ventrites 1-2. Each elytron bears nine grooved striae of punctures that tend to obliterate at the apex and a scutellary striole. Strial punctures are slightly wider than grooves. Elytral intervals nearly flat, covered with fine punctuation on a shining ground.
Metaventrite short, between meso- and metacoxae about as long as half the length of a mesocoxa.
Abdomen. Abdominal ventrites 1–4 (Fig. 8C) finely and densely punctate on a narrow median longitudinal strip. On each side of this longitudinal strip, the punctation becomes progressively larger and sparser toward the sides before mixing up with longitudinal striae, except on the 4th ventrite where the striae are less developed. The anal ventrite finely punctate, sparsely toward the sides, its outer margin without rim.
Legs. Anterior tibiae (Fig. 8D) without carina on their upper surface and strongly notched at base of about one fourth of the inner side length.
Aedeagus. On tergal face (Fig. 3K), basal two-third of the parameres are bottleneck-shaped, then suddenly enlarged and arcuate at the apex, with two lateral teeth on each side. In lateral view (Fig. 3L), parameres are bisinuate and narrowed toward apex.
This new species is named after Dr. G.J. Kergoat researcher at the CBGP, member of the “All Blaps” team and one of the “survivors” of the Kouakoué expedition.
Uloma kergoati is currently known only from New Caledonia where it is endemic.
http://species-id.net/wiki/Uloma_monteithi
Figs 2C, 3M–NAoupinié, 20 km NE Poya.
Holotype male. Original label: “NEW CALEDONIA, Aoupinié, 20 km NE Poya, 650 m, 18–19 May 1984, G. Monteith & D. Cook / Queensland Museum, Brisbane, Reg. N°T.10111 / Holotypus 1986 ♂ Uloma monteithi Kaszab” (QM); Paratypes (same data as Holotype): one female (QM) and one male (Hnhm), all examined.
Among the Uloma isoceroides species group, Uloma monteithi can easily be distinguished by the mentum which is concave along the longitudinal axis (flat in all the other species of this group), shining, unpunctured. Male anterior tibiae strongly notched at base up to nearly half of the length of the inner face, then they extend straight to the apex. Pronotum upper surface finely punctate, sparser on the disc and denser on the sides. Elytra sharply striate-punctate, distinctly shallower at the apex. Elytral intervals quite flat, covered with extremely fine punctures, the background smooth and shining. Humeri not developed, metaventrite short like in isoceroides, wings reduced, flightless. Aedeagus (Fig. 3M–N). Length: 8.2-9.0 mm.
So far, only known from the type locality.
http://species-id.net/wiki/Uloma_opacipennis
Figs 2D, 3O–PBaie du Prony, Nouméa.
Lectotype male of Melasia opacipennis Fauvel (IRSNB); Paralectotypes: two females of Melasia opacipennis Fauvel (IRSNB), none examined. Lectotype and Paralectotypes designated by
Uloma opacipennis can be distinguished morphologically from all other New Caledonian species by the structure of its elytra, the integument of which is dull and shagreened, by the presence of a tooth on the underside of the head capsule on the postgenal margin, by the glabrous mentum of the male whose disc is convex between the two lateral subparallel grooves which are long and nearly reach the anterior edge, and by its characteristic aedeagus (Fig. 3O, P). Elytral striae crisp. Striae 1-3 thinner and shallower on the apical declivity. Rows of punctures dense and slightly wider than the striae. Antero-median depression of the pronotum in the male small and rounded. Pronotum finely and sparcely punctate. Male anterior tibiae slightly notched at base on the internal face. Male antennae distinctly expanded from 5th antennomere. Average size small: 7.0–7.5 mm long.
Uloma opacipennis is morphologically unrelated to the other species of the Uloma isoceroides group. That said, molecular phylogenetic analyses indicate that it is a member of the same evolutionary lineage, hence its inclusion in the species group. On a morphological point of view, all the species of the Uloma isoceroides group, except Uloma opacipennis, share the following characters: Head short and broad. Male with clypeus and frons located in the same plane, not impressed along the clypeofrontal suture, flat, with a shagreened dull surface covered with extremely fine, sparce and barely visible punctation. Metaventrite short, between median and posterior coxae approximately as long as or hardly longer than half of the length of a median coxa. Humeri slightly developed or reduced. Flightless species. On the contrary, in Uloma opacipennis the male head is normal, i. e. impressed along the clypeofrontal suture, not flattened and its surface is distinctly punctate. Metaventrite long, between median and posterior coxae longer than a median coxa. Humeri developed. Fully winged.
Mont Koghis (22°10.63'S, 166°30.49'E, ca 460 m alt.) 4.III.2008, L. Soldati, G.J. Kergoat & H. Jourdan rec. (CBGP); Mts Koghis, ca 400 m, 26 may 1984, G. Monteith & D. Cook (QM); Réserve botanique de Bois du Sud (22°10.41'S, 166°45.83'E, ca 210 m) 8.III.2008, L. Soldati, G.J. Kergoat & H. Jourdan rec. (CBGP); Parc des Grandes Fougères, Pic Vincent (21°36.16'S, 165°46.44'E, ca 690 m) 28.III.2008, L. Soldati, G. Kergoat & H. Jourdan rec. (CBGP); Réserve de Yaté Barrage (22°09.23'S, 167°53.51'E, ca 270 m) 23.X.2009, L. Soldati, G.J. Kergoat, F.L. Condamine & H. Jourdan rec. (CBGP); Roches de Ouaième (20°38.28'S, 164°52.01'E, ca 700 m) 2.XI.2010, H. Jourdan & C. Mille rec. (CBGP); Massif du Panié, La Guen (20°37.50'S, 164°46.83'E, ca 590 m) 18-25.XI.2010, H. Jourdan & C. Mille rec. (CBGP); Massif du Panié, La Guen (20°37.42'S, 164°46.85'E, ca 590 m) 20.XI.2010, H. Jourdan & C. Mille rec. (CBGP); Massif du Panié, Dawenia (20°32.26'S, 164°40.90'E, ca 630 m) 15.XI.2010, H. Jourdan & C. Mille rec. (CBGP).
http://species-id.net/wiki/Uloma_paniei
Fig. 2EMont Ignambi.
Holotype male: “Nouvelle-Calédonie, Mt Ignambi, 2100 ft, 7.VIII.1914, leg. P. D. Montague” (BMNH); Paratypes: Mt Panie, 1911, P. D. Montague (one male and one female, BMNH); Ignambi Gipfel, 1300 m, 15.IV.1911, leg. F. Sarasin & J. Roux (one male, MTD); Panie Wald, 500 m, 27.VI.1911, leg. F. Sarasin & J. Roux (one female, MTD); Mt Panier [misspelled], 1200 m, 9.X.1967, leg. J. & M. Sedlacek (two females, BPBM). None examined.
Within the Uloma isoceroides species group, Uloma paniei and Uloma robusta are the only species whose mentum of the male is adorned with two peripheral hair fringes along the sides and the front edge, leaving the disc glabrous. Both species have the male anterior tibiae shortly notched at base, maximum one third of the length of inner face. Size large (10.5-12.2 mm). Uloma paniei may be separated from Uloma robusta by the male anterior tibiae strongly and deeply notched at base of the inner face (up to one third of the inner side length), the disc of the mentum smooth and shining between the peripheral hair fringes in the males, the elytral surface shining, the striae deeper and expanded to the apex. The male aedeagus is similar in both species. It is unfortunately impossible to identify the females on the basis of morphological characters.
Mt Panié, 450–950 m, 14 May 1984, G. Monteith & D. Cook (QM).
http://species-id.net/wiki/Uloma_robusta
Figs 2F, 3Q–RMont Panié.
Holotype male. Original labels: “NEW CALEDONIA, Mt Panié, 1300–1600 m, 15 May 1984, G. Monteith & D. Cook / Queensland Museum, Brisbane, Reg. N°T.10108 / Holotypus 1986 ♂ Uloma robusta Kaszab” (QM); (QM); Paratypes (same data as Holotype): three females (QM) and one male (Hnhm), all examined.
Uloma robusta closely resembles Uloma paniei and both species occur in the same area of the northeastern mountain range of New Caledonia. However, in Uloma robusta the male anterior tibiae are less strongly notched at base of the inner face (about one-fifth of the inner side length), the disc of the mentum is coarsely punctate between the peripheral hair fringes, except on a narrow mid-longitudinal strip, the elytral surface is shagreened and dull and the striae shallower with a tendency to obliterate toward apex (especially striae 2, 3, 6 and 7). In Uloma paniei, on the contrary, the disc of the mentum is smooth and shining between the peripheral hair fringes, the elytral surface shining, the striae deeper and clearly visible up to the apex. The male aedeagus is similar in both species. It is unfortunately impossible to identify the females on the basis of morphological characters.
Uloma robusta is probably endemic to the Panié mountain range.
Uloma robusta is possibly a junior synonym of Uloma paniei. However, it was not possible for us to test this hypothesis based on the material we examine.
The use of a combined approach based on morphology and on molecular data allowed us to better circumscribe the boundaries within a morphologically homogeneous group of species and to define the characteristics of the Uloma isoceroides species group. Without the results of molecular phylogenetic analyses, it would have been impossible to determine that Uloma opacipennis is a member of the same evolutionary lineage. The fact that Uloma opacipennis is in a derived position within the group also allow us to hypothesize that this taxon secondarily developed unique attributes of its own (elytra and head structures, shape of the aedeagus). The analyses of molecular species delimitation also provide more evidence to support the species status of the newly described species. It is especially the case for Uloma clamensae and Uloma condaminei, two species that are morphologically very close. In addition, the PTP analyses suggest some unsuspected cryptic biodiversity for two species (Uloma jourdani and Uloma isoceroides). For Uloma isoceroides, the fact that only two specimens were sequenced does not really allow us to confirm this hypothesis because of possible geographical sampling biases (
The tenebrionid fauna of New Caledonia is rich and diverse with a level of high endemism: of the 238 species (including the four new species described here), 219 (92%) are unique to New Caledonia. By applying our integrative approach to a broader sampling of Uloma or to other tenebrionid genera, we expect to discover new species in the genus Uloma but also in the well-diversified genera Isopus Montrouzier, 1860 (Cnodalonini, 35 described species,
We wish to thank the associate editor Patrice Bouchard, Chris Reid and one anonymous reviewer for their constructive comments on a preliminary version of the manuscript. We thank the Environmental Managements (DENV) of Province Sud and Province Nord in New Caledonia for providing us with collecting permits and assistance in New Caledonia. Field collection in New Caledonia was also possible thanks to direct support from the IRD center of Nouméa and the help of Christian Mille (Institut Agronomique néo-Calédonien). Otto Merkl (HNHM), Chris Burwell and Geoff Thompson (QM), Antoine Mantilleri and Olivier Montreuil (MNHN) provided priceless assistance with the Coleoptera collections. Partial funding for this study was obtained through the program “ANR Biodiversité” of the French National Agency for Research (Project BIONEOCAL 2008-2012) and by proper funds from INRA for GJK and IRD for HJ. Part of the sequencing was also supported by the program “Bibliothèque du Vivant” (Project CIAM) supported by a joint CNRS, INRA and MNHN consortium. No conflicts of interest were discovered.