Research Article |
Corresponding author: Zhonghua Wei ( wzh1164@126.com ) Academic editor: Michael Ivie
© 2020 Zhonghua Wei, Liumei Zhang, Aimin Shi.
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Citation:
Wei Z, Zhang L, Shi A (2020) A note on the larva of Chalcophora japonica chinensis (Coleoptera, Buprestidae) based on morphological characters and molecular data. ZooKeys 944: 147-155. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.944.37765
|
Larvae of Chalcophora japonica chinensis Schaufuss, 1879 were collected from within dead trunks in Hubei Province, China, in February 2019. These specimens created an opportunity to provide the first description of the larval stage of this subspecies; The larva is described and illustrated based on morphological characters and DNA barcoding.
Chalcophora, China, DNA marker, jewel beetles, larval morphology
To date, nine species and 24 subspecies of the genus Chalcophora Dejean, 1833 have been distributed from Palaearctic region. Of these, two species and seven subspecies have been recorded from China (
Larvae of Chalcophora differ from known chalcophorine larvae by the following characters, as summarized by
Recently, DNA barcodes and markers have been used as an alternative approach for identification of arthropod stages, such as the identification of immature terrestrial (
Herein, we provide a morphological description and DNA barcoding of the larva of Chalcophora japonica chinensis Schaufuss, 1879.
The specimens were examined using a Nikon SMZ800 stereomicroscope. The habitus images were taken using a Canon EOS 5D camera combined with a Canon MP-E65 mm macro lens.
The total genomic DNA was extracted from larval and adult tissues using EZNA Insect DNA Kit (Omega Bio-tek, USA). One fragment of the mitochondrial protein-coding gene (COI) was amplified from both larva and adult. The DNA barcode region (
1 | Pronotal and prosternal asperate area consisting of transverse, short asperities and wrinkles | 2 |
– | Pronotal and prosternal asperate area consisting of transverse, long or elongate asperities and lines | 3 |
2 | Y-shaped pronotal grooves with shorter branches, angle between branches about 30°, branches 1.3 times as long as common part; anterior margin of labrum slightly emarginate (Fig. |
C. intermedia |
– | Y-shaped pronotal grooves with longer branches, angle between branches about 30°, branches 2.5 times as long as common part; anterior margin of labrum slightly arcuate (Fig. |
C. mariana |
3 | Y-shaped pronotal grooves slightly bent at middle, angle between branches about 25°, branches 2.3 times as long as common part (Fig. |
C. detrita |
– | Y-shaped pronotal grooves straight, angle between branches about 23°, branches 2.5 times as long as common part (Fig. |
C . japonica chinensis |
Chalcophora chinensis
Schaufuss, 1879: 480;
Buprestis sinica Jakobson, 1913: 780.
China (Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Henan, Hong Kong, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Zhejiang provinces).
The description is based on what is probably two later-instar larvae. Body length 42.0–52.1 mm; width of prothorax 10.3–11.6 mm. Larval body shape of buprestid type. Body elongate (Fig.
Head. Head prognathous (Fig.
Labrum
(Fig.
Anteclypeus
(Fig.
Epistome
(Fig.
Antennae
(Fig.
Mandibles
(Fig.
Maxillae
(Fig.
Thorax
(Figs
Abdomen. All segments transverse, slightly wider than long; surfaces of all segments with sparse, short, brownish setae; all dorsal parts of segments distinctly convex; dorsal parts of segments II–VIII each with distinctly transverse, deep groove on posterior parts; dorsal parts of segment IX with transverse, shallow groove before the base. Segment I nearly subtriangular, widest behind middle, approximately 2.3 times as wide as long; anterior margin distinctly protruded anteriorly; surface of dorsal parts with a few longitudinal wrinkles. Segments II–IX subquadrate, approximately 1.2–2.3 times as wide as long; segment X well developed and posteriorly oriented, with paired, oval lobes divided by longitudinal, shallow anal cleft. Segments I–VIII with large spiracles, gradually becoming smaller posteriorly, spiracles of segment VIII smallest; segments IX and X without spiracles.
Larvae : 2 ex., China, Hubei, Xiangyang, Baokang, Chengdong, Mingjiachang, 15-II-2019, Jie Deng leg., CWNU, taken from the stems of dead tree. Adults: 5♂ 5♀, China, Guanngxi, Guilin, Ziyuanzhongfeng, 26-VII-2018, Yusong Huang leg., CWNU; 1♂ 1♀, Guangdong, Wengyuan, Nanpu, 5-X-2019, Hua Zhang leg., CWNU; 1♂, China, Jiangsu, Nangjiang, Zhongshanling, 18-IV-2019, Zhixin Chou, CWNU.
There are two species and seven subspecies of Chalcophora recorded from China, accounting for 29% of the species known in the Palaearctic Region. Recently, some buprestids, including chalcophorine larvae, were described by
We are grateful to Zhixin Chou (Nanjing Forestry University) for providing specimens for this study.
Detailed results of COI sequences dataset
Data type: molecular data