Research Article |
Corresponding author: Adalgisa Guglielmino ( guglielm@unitus.it ) Academic editor: Andreas Köhler
© 2019 Stefano Speranza, Massimo Olmi, Adalgisa Guglielmino, Mario Contarini.
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Citation:
Speranza S, Olmi M, Guglielmino A, Contarini M (2019) A new species of the genus Dryinus Latreille (Hymenoptera, Dryinidae) from the USA. ZooKeys 871: 41-47. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.871.35974
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A new species of Dryinus Latreille, 1804, is described from Georgia (USA). D. georgianus sp. nov. is morphologically similar to D. mexicanus (Perkins, 1907) and D. splendidus Guglielmino and Olmi, 2013, but is distinguished by the lateral ocelli not touching the occipital carina (in the other two species, the lateral ocelli touch the occipital carina). The key to the females of the Nearctic species of Dryinus group 1 is modified to include the new taxon.
Chrysidoidea, Dryininae, Georgia, Sapelo Island, taxonomy, key, Nearctic region, Dryinus georgianus, Dryinus mexicanus, Dryinus splendidus
Dryinidae is a small family of Chrysidoidea (Hymenoptera) including 16 subfamilies, 50 genera, and approximately 1900 species worldwide (
Dryinidae of the Nearctic region were studied mainly by
The description follows the terminology used by
POL distance between the inner edges of the lateral ocelli;
OL distance between the inner edges of a lateral ocellus and the median ocellus;
OOL distance from the outer edge of a lateral ocellus to the compound eye;
OPL distance from the posterior edge of a lateral ocellus to the occipital carina;
TL distance from the posterior edge of an eye to the occipital carina.
The term “metapectal-propodeal complex” is here used in the sense of
The term “ADOs” (= Antennal Dorsal Organs) is here used in the sense of
The names of cells and veins of the forewing are here used in the sense of
The types of all Nearctic species of Dryinus were examined. The holotype of the new species studied in this paper is deposited in the Royal Alberta Museum, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada (
The description of the new species is based on the study of only a single specimen. The authors are aware that descriptions of new taxa should normally be based on more individuals. However, Dryinidae are so rare that it is uncommon to collect more than one specimen of each species. In addition, on the basis of the experience and knowledge of the authors, the new species is sufficiently delimited by unique characters to justify its description.
Dryinus
Latreille, 1804: 176. Type species: Dryinus collaris Linnaeus, 1767, by subsequent monotypy (
Female: Fully winged; occipital carina complete, incomplete, or absent; palpal formula 6/3; mandible with 1–4 teeth; antenna usually with ADOs, rarely without, but always without tufts of long hairs; antennomere 1 longer than 2, variable, and antennomere 3 usually less than five times as long as antennomere 2, occasionally more than five times (in this case, notauli often complete, then mesoscutum completely sculptured by numerous and parallel longitudinal keels); pronotal tubercle reaching or not reaching tegula; forewing with three cells enclosed by pigmented veins (C, R, 1Cu); chela with rudimentary claw; protarsomere 5 less than twice as broad as enlarged claw; enlarged claw as long as, or shorter than protibia; tibial spurs 1/1/2, rarely 1/1/1. Male: Fully winged; occipital carina complete or incomplete; mandible with 1–3 teeth; palpal formula 6/3; epicnemium present and visible, because lateral regions of prothorax not continuous with mesopleura; mesosternum fused with mesopleura and not distinct; forewing with three cells enclosed by pigmented veins (C, R, 1Cu); paramere without dorsal process; tibial spurs 1/1/2.
Female with body predominantly ferruginous, frontal line complete; OL shorter than POL; OL as long as TL; posterior ocelli not touching occipital carina; head and pronotum granulate; notauli complete; mesoscutum granulate and partly reticulate rugose, enlarged claw spatulate and with one tooth on lateral margin; Protarsomere 5 with approximately 35 lamellae.
Female (Fig.
Unknown.
Holotype: female, USA: Georgia, McIntosh Co., Sapelo Island, 19.IX–19.XI.1987, FIT, shrub sand dunes, BRC Hym. Team (
Unknown.
The species is named georgianus, based on the collecting locality.
The female of the new species has complete notauli (Fig.
8 | Posterior ocelli not touching occipital carina (Fig. |
D. georgianus sp. nov. |
– | Posterior ocelli touching occipital carina | 8’ |
8’ | Enlarged claw with lamellae very long ( |
D. mexicanus (Perkins) |
– | Enlarged claw with shorter lamellae ( |
D. splendidus Guglielmino & Olmi |
Among the Dryinus species recorded from Georgia, D. alatus and D. georgianus belong to group 1, whereas D. testaceus and D. inconsultus belong respectively to groups 2 and 3.
Dryinus species are known to parasitize hosts belonging to the following families of Fulgoromorpha (
Many thanks to Dr Matthias Buck (Invertebrate Zoology, Royal Alberta Museum, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada) for the loan of the specimen described in this paper. The authors are very grateful to Mr. Leonardo Capradossi (Tuscania, Italy) for the multifocal pictures of the new species and Mr. Bob Zuparko (Essig Museum of Entomology, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA) for his suggestions about the English language of this paper. This research was carried out in the framework of the MIUR (Italian Ministry for Education, University and Research) initiative “Department of excellence” (Law 232/2016).