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Citation: Yu XF, Yang MF (2013) Three new species of the leafhopper genus Dayus Mahmood from China (Hemiptera, Cicadellidae, Typhlocybinae, Empoascini). ZooKeys 355: 1–8. doi: 10.3897/zookeys.355.6277
Three new species of the Oriental empoascine leafhopper genus Dayus Mahmood are described from China: D. bifurcatus sp. n., D. trifurcatus sp. n. and D. serratus sp. n. A key to distinguish all Chinese species of the genus is provided.
Auchenorrhyncha, leafhopper, taxonomy, morphology
The Oriental typhlocybine leafhopper genus Dayus was established by Mahmood in
Here we describe three new species of Dayus from China and provide a key for the separation of all known Chinese species. The specimens examined are deposited in the Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China (GUGC) and The Natural History Museum, London (BMNH).
The methods and terminology follow
Dayus elongatus Mahmood, 1967 by original designation.
Vertex (Fig. 1) slightly longer medially than next to eye. Forewing (Fig. 22) with 3rd apical cell petiolate, cua cell broad distally; veins RP, MP’ and MP’’+CuA’ arise from m cell. Hindwing (Fig. 23) with apically broad m cell. Male pygofer (Figs 3, 13, 24) abruptly and strongly narrowing caudad; dorsal bridge about half length of pygofer (Figs 15, 26); with few rigid microsetae distally; elongate ventral appendage present, extended beyond pygofer. Subgenital plate (Figs 5, 17, 27) with basal group of macrosetae and one or two oblique rows of more distal macrosetae. Connective (Figs 7, 19, 29) completely fused with the base of aedeagus. Aedeagus (Figs 8, 20, 30) with basal apodeme absent; shaft strongly curved posteriorly at base with one or two pairs of processes.
Dayus bifurcatus Yu & Yang, sp. n., 1 head and thorax, dorsal view 2 face 3 male genital capsule, lateral view 4 male abdominal apodemes 5 subgenital plate, ventral view 6 paramere 7 aedeagus and connective, dorsal view 8 aedeagus and connective, lateral view 9 anal tube process.
Dayus trifurcatus Yu & Yang, sp. n., 10 head and thorax, dorsal view 11 face 12 head and thorax, lateral view 13 male genital capsule, lateral view 14 male abdominal apodemes 15 male pygofer, dorsal view 16 ventral pygofer appendage, outside lateral view 17 subgenital plate, ventral view 18 paramere 19 aedeagus and connective, dorsal view 20 aedeagus and connective, lateral view 21 anal tube process.
22–23 Dayus trifurcatus Yu & Yang, sp. n., 22 forewing 23 hind wing 24–30 Dayus serratus Yu & Yang, sp. n., 24 male genitalia, lateral view 25 male abdominal apodemes 26 male pygofer, dorsal view 27 subgenital plate, ventral view 28 paramere 29 aedeagus and connective, dorsal view 30 aedeagus and connective, lateral view.
1 | Aedeagus with one pair of processes | 2 |
– | Aedeagus with two pairs of processes | 6 |
2 | Aedeagal processes with basal serrated lobes (Figs 29–30) | Dayus serratus sp. n. |
– | Aedeagal processes not dentate basally | 3 |
3 | Aedeagal processes unbranched | 4 |
– | Aedeagal processes branched | 5 |
4 | Aedeagal processes arising near midlength of shaft | Dayus membranaceus |
– | Aedeagal processes arising at apex of shaft | Dayus formosus |
5 | Aedeagal processes trifurcate, subapical on shaft (Figs 19–20) | Dayus trifurcatus sp. n. |
– | Aedeagal processes bifurcate, at apex of shaft (Figs 7–8) | Dayus bifurcatus sp. n. |
6 | Aedeagal processes bifurcate; apical pygofer ventral appendage branched | Dayus lii |
– | Aedeagal processes not bifurcate; apical pygofer ventral appendage unbranched | 7 |
7 | Apical aedeagal processes straight, subapical processes leaf-like | Dayus lamellatus |
– | Apical aedeagal processes hook-shaped, subapical processes slim | Dayus takagii |
http://zoobank.org/8636DDEB-EDC7-4A8C-B6EA-6D7AEF8756DC
http://species-id.net/wiki/Dayus_bifurcatus
Figures 1–9Length, male 3.0 mm.
General color reddish to reddish brown. Both sides of coronal suture with a brownish patch.
Male ventral abdominal apodemes reaching segment 5 (Fig. 4). Male pygofer with dorsoposterior margin sinuate; pygofer appendage with dorsal margin sinuate in lateral view, tapering to apex (Fig. 3). Subgenital plate about twice as broad basally than distally, with three lateral macrosetae in basal group, an oblique line of 14 macrosetae and several long fine setae subbasally to apex and ca.12 short microsetae at outer margin (Fig. 5). Paramere as in Fig. 6. Aedeagus shaft long and narrow, slightly depressed dorsoventrally, similar in width throughout length in ventral view, with a pair of short bifurcate apical processes (Figs 7, 8). Anal tube process short (Fig. 9).
Holotype male. China: Zhejiang Province, Fengyang mountain, 30 July 2009, coll. Junqiang Ni.
The new species name alludes to the pair of apical bifurcate aedeagal processes.
The new species can be distinguished mainly by the shape of the aedeagal shaft and its process configuration as noted in the description.
http://zoobank.org/1FCC60EB-60FC-490D-8E7B-7E69594D814C
http://species-id.net/wiki/Dayus_trifurcatus
Figures 10–23Length, male 4.5–4.6 mm, female 4.7–4.8 mm.
General color yellowish.
Male ventral abdominal apodemes reaching segment 4 (Fig. 14). Male pygofer with dorsoposterior margin strongly sinuate (Fig. 13); ventral appendage expanded at distal 2/3, thereafter abruptly tapering to spine-like apex (Figs 13, 16). Subgential plate abruptly expanded laterobasally about twice as broad basally than distally; with 11 lateral macrosetae in basal group, an oblique line of 17 macrosetae and several long fine setae subbasally to apex and ca.35 short microsetae at outer margin (Fig. 17). Paramere as in Fig. 18. Aedeagus shaft very long and narrow, cylindrical, nearly straight in lateral view, with a subapical trifurcate process on each side, branches slender (Figs 19, 20). Anal tube process relatively long (Fig. 21).
Holotype male. China: Beipei, Chongqing, 6 May 2008, coll. Zaihua Yang. Paratypes, 13♂♂, 5♀♀, same data as holotype (GUGC and 1♂, 1♀ in BMNH).
The new speciesnamealludes to the trifurcate processes of the aedeagus.
Thenew species can be distinguished mainly by the strongly sinuate posterior margin of the pygofer and shape of the aedeagal shaft and configuration of its process as noted in the description.
http://zoobank.org/A163BC19-73A4-459A-BA07-125F00EF9D8A
http://species-id.net/wiki/Dayus_serratus
Figures 24–30Length, male 3.9mm.
General color yellowish.
Male ventral abdominal apodemes reaching segment 3 (Fig. 25). Male pygofer (Fig. 24) with dorsoposterior margin concave, tapering caudally; ventral appendage with dorsal margin slightly sinuate, tapered to acute apex. Subgenital plate slightly broader basally, with 9 apically rounded lateral macrosetae in basal group, an oblique line of 12 macrosetae and several long fine setae sub-basally to apex and ca.32 short microsetae at outer margin (Fig. 27). Parameres as in Fig. 28. Aedeagus shaft long, basal half strongly dorsoventrally depressed, distal half narrow and cylindrical, serrate laterally at base on dorsal surface; with two long processes arising at midlength on each side of shaft, basally each process with a lateral lamellate serrate lobe (Figs 29, 30). Anal tube process short (Fig. 24).
Holotype male. China: Hainan Province, Wuzhi mountain, 13 April 2009, coll. Zaihua Yang.
The new species name is derived from the serrationsat midlength of the aedeagal shaft and base of the aedeagal processes.
Thenew species can be distinguished mainly by the relatively rather uniform width of the subgenital plate and shape of the aedeagal shaft and configuration of its process as noted in the description.
We thank Mr. M. D. Webb (Department of Entomology, The Natural History Museum, England) for reading the manuscript and providing critical comments and kind suggestions. We are very grateful to Dr. Zehong Meng (Guizhou Tea Research Institute, Guiyang, China) and Meng Jiao (Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, China) for revising the manuscript and taking photos and Prof. Renhuai Dai (Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, China) for offering valuable literature. Thanks also to Zaihua Yang, Junqiang Ni (Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, China) for collecting the material used in this study.