Checklist |
Corresponding author: Cody Andrew Craig ( cac300@txstate.edu ) Academic editor: Kyle Piller
© 2019 Cody Andrew Craig, Timothy Hallman Bonner.
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Citation:
Craig CA, Bonner TH (2019) Drainage basin checklists and dichotomous keys for inland fishes of Texas. ZooKeys 874: 31-45. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.874.35618
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Species checklists and dichotomous keys are valuable tools that provide many services for ecological studies and management through tracking native and non-native species through time. We developed nine drainage basin checklists and dichotomous keys for 196 inland fishes of Texas, consisting of 171 native fishes and 25 non-native fishes. Our checklists were updated from previous checklists and revised using reports of new established native and non-native fishes in Texas, reports of new fish occurrences among drainages, and changes in species taxonomic nomenclature. We provided the first dichotomous keys for major drainage basins in Texas. Among the 171 native inland fishes, 6 species are considered extinct or extirpated, 13 species are listed as threatened or endangered by U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and 59 species are listed as Species of Greatest Conservation Need (SGCN) by the state of Texas. Red River drainage basin was the most speciose with 120 fishes. Rio Grande & Pecos drainage basin had the greatest number of threatened or endangered fishes (N = 7) and the greatest number of SGCN fishes (N = 28). We revised drainage basin occurrences for 77 species. Drainage basin checklists and dichotomous keys provide finer resolution of species distributions within the geopolitical boundaries of Texas and can reduce probability of errors in fish identification errors by removing species not occurring within a natural boundary.
Texas, fish, checklist, dichotomous key, key, identification, occurrence, drainage
Species checklists consolidate biodiversity records using standardized taxonomic nomenclature and updated species occurrences within pre-defined boundaries (Fleishman et al. 2006;
Within Texas,
Revisions of checklists for freshwater fishes of Texas were necessary through time to accommodate additions of previously unreported species, multiple species described from a single species, and non-native species introductions (
Purposes of this paper were to develop drainage basin checklists and dichotomous keys for Texas freshwater fishes. As with previous revisions, we updated the statewide checklist and dichotomous key with new species, removal of species, and range changes. However, our checklists and dichotomous keys differ markedly from previous revisions. We identified fishes as inland, rather than freshwater, and divided the geopolitical boundary into natural boundaries using major drainage basins. Texas is particularly well suited for drainage basin checklists and keys because majority of the drainage basins became independent of one another during the early Holocene (i.e., river termini in Gulf of Mexico bays), generally restricting freshwater fish movement among drainage basins. As such, fishes are rarely homogenously distributed among all drainage basins, with 41% of fishes restricted to one or two drainage basins (
Development of a freshwater fish checklist is a challenge within natural or geopolitical boundaries having fresh and marine environments (
Drainage basins were defined as major independent rivers that flow directly into the Gulf of Mexico (i.e., Sabine & Neches, Trinity & San Jacinto, Brazos, Colorado & Lavaca, Guadalupe & San Antonio, Nueces, and Rio Grande & Pecos) or beyond Texas borders (i.e., Canadian and Red) (Figure
Each drainage basin dichotomous key consists of family and species keys. We developed novel distinguishing characteristics for family and species keys along with modifying and using characteristics from original species descriptions (e.g.,
The composite drainage basin checklist included 196 inland fishes, representing 79 genera and 30 families (Table
Fishes in Texas inland waters. Presence is denoted by “X”. All scientific and common names were from
Family | Species | Common Name | Native | Ext/exp | USFWS | SGCN | Canadian | Red | Sabine & Neches | Trinity & San Jacinto | Brazos | Colorado & Lavaca | Guadalupe & San Antonio | Nueces | Rio Grande & Pecos | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Petromyzontidae | Ichthyomyzon castaneus | Chestnut Lamprey | X | X | X | ||||||||||
2 | Ichthyomyzon gagei | Southern Brook Lamprey | X | X | X | X | ||||||||||
3 | Acipenseridae | Scaphirhynchus platorynchus | Shovelnose Sturgeon | X | X | X | ||||||||||
4 | Polyodontidae | Polyodon spathula | Paddlefish | X | X | X | X | X | ||||||||
5 | Lepisosteidae | Atractosteus spatula | Alligator Gar | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | |||
6 | Lepisosteus oculatus | Spotted Gar | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | |||||
7 | Lepisosteus osseus | Longnose Gar | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | |||||
8 | Lepisosteus platostomus | Shortnose Gar | X | X | ||||||||||||
9 | Amiidae | Amia calva | Bowfin | X | X | X | X | X | X | |||||||
10 | Hiodontidae | Hiodon alosoides | Goldeye | X | X | X | ||||||||||
11 | Anguillidae | Anguilla rostrata | American Eel | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | |||
12 | Clupeidae | Dorosoma cepedianum | Gizzard Shad | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | |||
13 | Dorosoma petenense | Threadfin Shad | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | ||||
14 | Cyprinidae | Campostoma anomalum | Central Stoneroller | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | ||||
15 | Campostoma ornatum | Mexican Stoneroller | X | X | X | |||||||||||
16 | Carassius auratus | Goldfish | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | ||||||
17 | Ctenopharyngodon idella | Grass Carp | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | |||||
18 | Cyprinella lepida | Plateau Shiner | X | X | X | X | ||||||||||
19 | Cyprinella lutrensis | Red Shiner | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | ||||
20 | Cyprinella proserpina | Proserpine Shiner | X | X | X | |||||||||||
21 | Cyprinella venusta | Blacktail Shiner | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | |||||
22 | Cyprinus carpio | Common carp | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | |||||
23 | Dionda argentosa | Manantial Roundnose Minnow | X | X | X | |||||||||||
24 | Dionda diaboli | Devils River Minnow | X | X | X | X | ||||||||||
25 | Dionda episcopa | Roundnose Minnow | X | X | X | |||||||||||
26 | Dionda nigrotaeniata | Guadalupe Roundnose Minnow | X | X | X | X | ||||||||||
27 | Dionda serena | Nueces Roundnose Minnow | X | X | X | |||||||||||
28 | Gila pandora | Rio Grande Chub | X | X | X | |||||||||||
29 | Hybognathus amarus | Rio Grande Silvery Minnow | X | X | X | X | ||||||||||
30 | Hybognathus hayi | Cypress Minnow | X | X | X | |||||||||||
31 | Hybognathus nuchalis | Mississippi Silvery Minnow | X | X | X | X | X | |||||||||
32 | Hybognathus placitus | Plains Minnow | X | X | X | X | X | |||||||||
33 | Hybopsis amnis | Pallid Shiner | X | X | X | X | X | X | ||||||||
34 | Hypophthalmichthys nobilis | Bighead Carp | X | |||||||||||||
35 | Luxilus chrysocephalus | Striped Shiner | X | X | ||||||||||||
36 | Lythrurus fumeus | Ribbon Shiner | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | |||||||
37 | Lythrurus umbratilis | Redfin Shiner | X | X | X | X | ||||||||||
38 | Cyprinidae | Macrhybopsis aestivalis | Speckled Chub | X | X | X | ||||||||||
39 | Macrhybopsis australis | Prairie Chub | X | X | X | |||||||||||
40 | Macrhybopsis hyostoma | Shoal Chub | X | X | X | X | X | X | ||||||||
41 | Macrhybopsis marconis | Burrhead Chub | X | X | X | |||||||||||
42 | Macrhybopsis storeriana | Silver Chub | X | X | X | X | ||||||||||
43 | Macrhybopsis tetranema | Peppered Chub | X | X | X | |||||||||||
44 | Notemigonus crysoleucas | Golden Shiner | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | ||||
45 | Notropis amabilis | Texas Shiner | X | X | X | X | X | X | ||||||||
46 | Notropis atherinoides | Emerald Shiner | X | X | X | X | X | |||||||||
47 | Notropis atrocaudalis | Blackspot Shiner | X | X | X | X | X | X | ||||||||
48 | Notropis bairdi | Red River Shiner | X | X | X | |||||||||||
49 | Notropis blennius | River Shiner | X | X | X | |||||||||||
50 | Notropis braytoni | Tamaulipas Shiner | X | X | X | |||||||||||
51 | Notropis buccula | Smalleye Shiner | X | X | X | X | X | |||||||||
52 | Notropis buchanani | Ghost Shiner | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | |||||
53 | Notropis chalybaeus | Ironcolor Shiner | X | X | X | X | X | X | ||||||||
54 | Notropis chihuahua | Chihuahua Shiner | X | X | X | |||||||||||
55 | Notropis girardi | Arkansas River Shiner | X | X | X | X | ||||||||||
56 | Notropis jemezanus | Rio Grande Shiner | X | X | X | |||||||||||
57 | Notropis maculatus | Taillight Shiner | X | X | X | |||||||||||
58 | Notropis orca* | Phantom Shiner | X | X | X | |||||||||||
59 | Notropis oxyrhynchus | Sharpnose Shiner | X | X | X | X | X | |||||||||
60 | Notropis potteri | Chub Shiner | X | X | X | X | X | |||||||||
61 | Notropis sabinae | Sabine Shiner | X | X | X | X | ||||||||||
62 | Notropis shumardi | Silverband Shiner | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | |||||||
63 | Notropis simus | Bluntnose Shiner | X | X | X | X | X | |||||||||
64 | Notropis stramineus | Sand Shiner | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | |||||
65 | Notropis texanus | Weed Shiner | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | ||||||
66 | Notropis volucellus | Mimic Shiner | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | ||||||
67 | Opsopoeodus emiliae | Pugnose Minnow | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | ||||||
68 | Phenacobius mirabilis | Suckermouth Minnow | X | X | X | X | X | X | ||||||||
69 | Pimephales promelas | Fathead Minnow | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | ||||
70 | Pimephales vigilax | Bullhead Minnow | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | ||||
71 | Platygobio gracilis | Flathead Chub | X | X | ||||||||||||
72 | Pteronotropis hubbsi | Bluehead Shiner | X | X | X | |||||||||||
73 | Rhinichthys cataractae | Longnose Dace | X | X | X | |||||||||||
74 | Semotilus atromaculatus | Creek Chub | X | X | X | X | X | |||||||||
75 | Catostomidae | Carpiodes carpio | River Carpsucker | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | |||
76 | Cycleptus elongatus | Blue Sucker | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | ||||
77 | Erimyzon claviformis | Western Creek Chubsucker | X | X | X | X | X | X | ||||||||
78 | Erimyzon sucetta | Lake Chubsucker | X | X | X | X | X | X | ||||||||
79 | Ictiobus bubalus | Smallmouth Buffalo | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | |||||
80 | Ictiobus cyprinellus | Bigmouth Buffalo | X | X | X | |||||||||||
81 | Ictiobus niger | Black Buffalo | X | X | X | X | X | X | ||||||||
82 | Minytrema melanops | Spotted Sucker | X | X | X | X | X | X | ||||||||
83 | Moxostoma austrinum | Mexican Redhorse | X | X | X | |||||||||||
84 | Moxostoma congestum | Gray Redhorse | X | X | X | X | X | X | ||||||||
85 | Moxostoma erythrurum | Golden Redhorse | X | X | ||||||||||||
86 | Moxostoma poecilurum | Blacktail Redhorse | X | X | X | |||||||||||
87 | Characidae | Astyanax mexicanus | Mexican Tetra | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | |||||
88 | Ictaluridae | Ameiurus melas | Black Bullhead | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | |||
89 | Ameiurus natalis | Yellow Bullhead | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | ||||
90 | Ameiurus nebulosus | Brown Bullhead | X | X | ||||||||||||
91 | Ictalurus furcatus | Blue Catfish | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | |||||
92 | Ictalurus lupus | Headwater Catfish | X | X | X | X | X | X | ||||||||
93 | Ictalurus punctatus | Channel Catfish | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | ||||
94 | Noturus gyrinus | Tadpole Madtom | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | |||||
95 | Noturus nocturnus | Freckled Madtom | X | X | X | X | X | |||||||||
96 | Pylodictis olivaris | Flathead Catfish | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | ||||
97 | Satan eurystomus | Widemouth Blindcat | X | X | X | |||||||||||
98 | Trogloglanis pattersoni | Toothless Blindcat | X | X | X | |||||||||||
99 | Loricariidae | Hypostomus plecostomus | Suckermouth Catfish | X | X | |||||||||||
100 | Pterygoplichthys anisitsi | Southern Sailfin Catfish | X | X | ||||||||||||
101 | Pterygoplichthys disjunctivus | Vermiculated Sailfin Catfish | X | X | X | |||||||||||
102 | Salmonidae | Oncorhynchus clarkii | Cutthroat Trout | X | X | X | X | |||||||||
103 | Oncorhynchus mykiss | Rainbow Trout | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | |||||
104 | Esocidae | Esox americanus | Redfin Pickerel | X | X | X | X | X | ||||||||
105 | Esox niger | Chain Pickerel | X | X | X | |||||||||||
106 | Aphredoderidae | Aphredoderus sayanus | Pirate Perch | X | X | X | X | X | X | |||||||
107 | Mugilidae | Mugil cephalus | Striped Mullet | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | ||||
108 | Agonostomus monticola | Mountain Mullet | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | ||||||
109 | Atherinopsidae | Labidesthes sicculus | Brook Silverside | X | X | X | X | X | ||||||||
110 | Membras martinica | Rough Silverside | X | X | X | |||||||||||
111 | Menidia audens | Mississippi Silverside | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | ||||
112 | Fundulidae | Fundulus blairae | Western Starhead Topminnow | X | X | X | X | X | ||||||||
113 | Fundulus chrysotus | Golden Topminnow | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | |||||||
114 | Fundulus grandis | Gulf Killifish | X | X | X | X | ||||||||||
115 | Fundulus kansae | Northern Plains Killifish | X | X | ||||||||||||
116 | Fundulus notatus | Blackstripe Topminnow | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | ||||||
117 | Fundulus olivaceus | Blackspotted Topminnow | X | X | X | X | X | |||||||||
118 | Fundulus zebrinus | Plains Killifish | X | X | X | X | X | X | ||||||||
119 | Lucania goodei | Bluefin Killifish | X | |||||||||||||
120 | Lucania parva | Rainwater Killifish | X | X | X | X | ||||||||||
121 | Cyprinodontidae | Cyprinodon bovinus | Leon Springs Pupfish | X | X | X | X | |||||||||
122 | Cyprinodon elegans | Comanche Springs Pupfish | X | X | X | X | ||||||||||
123 | Cyprinodon eximius | Conchos Pupfish | X | X | X | |||||||||||
124 | Cyprinodon pecosensis | Pecos Pupfish | X | X | X | |||||||||||
125 | Cyprinodon rubrofluviatilis | Red River Pupfish | X | X | X | X | X | X | ||||||||
126 | Cyprinodon variegatus | Sheepshead Minnow | X | X | X | X | X | |||||||||
127 | Poeciliidae | Gambusia affinis | Western Mosquitofish | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | |||
128 | Gambusia amistadensis* | Amistad Gambusia | X | X | X | |||||||||||
129 | Gambusia gaigei | Big Bend Gambusia | X | X | X | X | ||||||||||
130 | Gambusia geiseri | Largespring Gambusia | X | X | X | X | ||||||||||
131 | Gambusia georgei* | San Marcos Gambusia | X | X | X | X | ||||||||||
132 | Gambusia heterochir | Clear Creek Gambusia | X | X | X | X | ||||||||||
133 | Poeciliidae | Gambusia krumholzi | Spotfin Gambusia | X | X | |||||||||||
134 | Gambusia nobilis | Pecos Gambusia | X | X | X | X | ||||||||||
135 | Gambusia senilis | Blotched Gambusia | X | X | X | X | ||||||||||
136 | Gambusia speciosa | Tex-Mex Gambusia | X | X | ||||||||||||
137 | Heterandria formosa | Least Killifish | X | X | ||||||||||||
138 | Poecilia formosa | Amazon Molly | X | X | X | |||||||||||
139 | Poecilia latipinna | Sailfin Molly | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | |||||||
140 | Poecilia reticulata | Guppy | X | |||||||||||||
141 | Xiphophorus hellerii | Green Swordtail | X | |||||||||||||
142 | Xiphophorus variatus | Variable Platyfish | X | |||||||||||||
143 | Syngnathidae | Syngnathus scovelli | Gulf Pipefish | X | X | |||||||||||
144 | Moronidae | Morone chrysops | White Bass | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | |||
145 | Morone mississippiensis | Yellow Bass | X | X | X | X | X | |||||||||
146 | Morone saxatilis | Striped Bass | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | ||||||
147 | Centrarchidae | Ambloplites rupestris | Rock Bass | X | ||||||||||||
148 | Centrarchus macropterus | Flier | X | X | X | X | ||||||||||
149 | Lepomis auritus | Redbreast Sunfish | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | ||||||
150 | Lepomis cyanellus | Green Sunfish | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | ||||
151 | Lepomis gulosus | Warmouth | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | |||||
152 | Lepomis humilis | Orangespotted Sunfish | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | |||||
153 | Lepomis macrochirus | Bluegill | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | ||||
154 | Lepomis marginatus | Dollar Sunfish | X | X | X | X | X | |||||||||
155 | Lepomis megalotis | Longear Sunfish | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | ||||
156 | Lepomis microlophus | Redear Sunfish | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | ||||
157 | Lepomis miniatus | Redspotted Sunfish | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | |||||
158 | Lepomis symmetricus | Bantam Sunfish | X | X | X | X | X | X | ||||||||
159 | Micropterus dolomieu | Smallmouth Bass | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | |||||||
160 | Micropterus punctulatus | Spotted Bass | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | |||||||
161 | Micropterus salmoides | Largemouth Bass | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | ||||
162 | Micropterus treculii | Guadalupe Bass | X | X | X | X | X | X | ||||||||
163 | Pomoxis annularis | White Crappie | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | ||||
164 | Pomoxis nigromaculatus | Black Crappie | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | |||||
165 | Percidae | Ammocrypta clara | Western Sand Darter | X | X | X | X | |||||||||
166 | Ammocrypta vivax | Scaly Sand Darter | X | X | X | X | ||||||||||
167 | Etheostoma artesiae | Redspot Darter | X | X | X | |||||||||||
168 | Etheostoma asprigene | Mud Darter | X | X | X | |||||||||||
169 | Etheostoma chlorosoma | Bluntnose Darter | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | |||||||
170 | Etheostoma fonticola | Fountain Darter | X | X | X | X | ||||||||||
171 | Etheostoma fusiforme | Swamp Darter | X | X | X | |||||||||||
172 | Etheostoma gracile | Slough Darter | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | |||||
173 | Etheostoma grahami | Rio Grande Darter | X | X | X | |||||||||||
174 | Etheostoma histrio | Harlequin Darter | X | X | X | |||||||||||
175 | Etheostoma lepidum | Greenthroat Darter | X | X | X | X | ||||||||||
176 | Etheostoma parvipinne | Goldstripe Darter | X | X | X | X | X | X | ||||||||
177 | Etheostoma proeliare | Cypress Darter | X | X | X | X | X | |||||||||
178 | Etheostoma radiosum | Orangebelly Darter | X | X | X | |||||||||||
179 | Etheostoma spectabile | Orangethroat Darter | X | X | X | X | X | X | ||||||||
180 | Percina apristis | Guadalupe Darter | X | X | X | |||||||||||
181 | Percina caprodes | Logperch | X | X | ||||||||||||
182 | Percina carbonaria | Texas Logperch | X | X | X | X | X | X | ||||||||
183 | Percina macrolepida | Bigscale Logperch | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | ||||||
184 | Percina maculata | Blackside Darter | X | X | X | X | X | |||||||||
185 | Percidae | Percina phoxocephala | Slenderhead Darter | X | X | |||||||||||
186 | Percina sciera | Dusky Darter | X | X | X | X | X | X | ||||||||
187 | Percina shumardi | River Darter | X | X | X | X | ||||||||||
188 | Sander vitreus | Walleye | X | X | ||||||||||||
189 | Sciaenidae | Aplodinotus grunniens | Freshwater Drum | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | ||||
190 | Elassomatidae | Elassoma zonatum | Banded Pygmy Sunfish | X | X | X | X | X | ||||||||
191 | Cichlidae | Herichthys cyanoguttatus | Rio Grande Cichlid | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | ||||||
192 | Oreochromis aureus | Blue Tilapia | X | X | X | X | X | X | ||||||||
193 | Oreochromis mossambicus | Mozambique Tilapia | X | X | X | |||||||||||
194 | Gobiidae | Awaous banana | River Goby | X | X | |||||||||||
195 | Gobiosoma bosc | Naked Goby | X | X | ||||||||||||
196 | Achiridae | Trinectes maculatus | Hogchoker | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | ||||||
Total | 171 | 6 | 13 | 59 | 37 | 120 | 101 | 102 | 96 | 94 | 94 | 66 | 95 |
Our composite drainage basin checklist has 171 native and 25 non-native inland fishes. Among native species, three fishes (i.e., Notropis orca, Gambusia amistadensis, and Gambusia georgei) are considered extinct, and three fishes (i.e., Notropis simus, Oncorhynchus clarkii, and Gambusia senilis) are considered extirpated (
Non-native fishes established in Texas and their continent of origin with respective citation. Presence denoted by “X”.
Family | Species | Common Name | Marine | North America | Asia | Africa | South America | Europe | Citation |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cyprinidae | Carassius auratus | Goldfish | X |
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Ctenopharyngodon idella | Grass Carp | X |
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Cyprinus carpio | Common carp | X |
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Hypophthalmichthys nobilis | Bighead Carp | X |
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Loricariidae | Hypostomus plecostomus | Suckermouth Catfish | X |
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Pterygoplichthys anisitsi | Southern Sailfin Catfish | X |
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Pterygoplichthys disjunctivus | Vermiculated Sailfin Catfish | X |
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Salmonidae | Oncorhynchus mykiss | Rainbow Trout | X |
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Atherinopsidae | Membras martinica | Rough Silverside | X |
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Fundulidae | Fundulus grandis | Gulf Killifish | X |
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Lucania goodei | Bluefin Killifish | X |
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Cyprinodontidae | Cyprinodon variegatus | Sheepshead Minnow | X |
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Poeciliidae | Poecilia formosa | Amazon Molly | X |
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Poecilia latipinna | Sailfin Molly | X |
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Poecilia reticulata | Guppy | X |
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Xiphophorus hellerii | Green Swordtail | X |
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Xiphophorus variatus | Variable Platyfish | X |
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Moronidae | Morone saxatilis | Striped Bass | X |
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Centrarchidae | Ambloplites rupestris | Rock Bass | X |
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Lepomis auritus | Redbreast Sunfish | X |
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Micropterus dolomieu | Smallmouth Bass | X |
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Percidae | Sander vitreus | Walleye | X |
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Cichlidae | Oreochromis aureus | Blue Tilapia | X |
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Oreochromis mossambicus | Mozambique Tilapia | X |
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Gobiidae | Gobiosoma bosc | Naked Goby | X | T. Bonner, unpublished data |
A limitation of the drainage basin checklist and dichotomous keys is that documentation of species by drainage is incomplete. As such, our drainage basin checklists and dichotomous keys should be viewed as living documents and will need periodic updates. While using a drainage basin key, we caution users that the key only includes species known to occur within a basin, and the drainage basin might include more species. If an unknown specimen does not seem to key to a species, we recommend using a key from an adjacent drainage basin. Periodic updates of checklists for Texas inland fishes will come from previously unreported species, non-native species introductions, extirpations of introduced and native fishes, and multiple species described from a single species through genetic analyses. Sources of this information will be dependent on publications and ichthyological records, such as Texas Natural History Collections (
We would like to acknowledge Dave Ruppel and Nicky Faucheux with additions and revisions to the drainage basin keys, V Alex Sotola for making the map, and Brad Littrell with review on earlier versions of the drainage basin keys.
Drainage Basin Keys
Data type: Microsoft Word file