Research Article |
Corresponding author: M. Bartak ( bartak@af.czu.cz ) Academic editor: Rudolf Meier
© 2019 M. J. Ebejer, M. Bartak.
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Citation:
Ebejer MJ, Bartak M (2019) Chyromyidae (Diptera, Acalyptrata) of Turkey. ZooKeys 872: 69-75. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.872.35378
|
The Chyromyidae of Turkey are reviewed and all 15 species known from the country are listed. The following are new records: Chyromya miladae Andersson, 1976, Gymnochiromyia inermis (Collin, 1933), Aphaniosoma approximatum Becker, 1903, A. micromacro Carles-Tolrá, 2001, A. propinquans Collin, 1949 and A. proximum Ebejer, 1998.
Brachycera, faunistics, Schizophora, West Palaearctic
The Chyromyidae is a poorly recorded family from several countries around the Mediterranean despite this family of acalyptrate Diptera being very diverse in this region. Until recently this family was poorly represented in most collections.
A review of Aphaniosoma Becker, 1903 included some records and descriptions of four new species of this genus from Turkey (
Most of the new material presented in this paper originated from Muğla Province (Akyaka, Toparlar, Dalyan, and Muğla university campus). Akyaka (Fig.
All species are listed below in alphabetical order under each subfamily and genus. Additional new data for each species are included where these are available and new records for Turkey are indicated. The material that has been examined for this paper was collected by M. Barták and Š. Kubík, unless otherwise stated, and by using yellow water pan traps (PN), hand held sweep nets (SW), and Malaise traps (MT). Depositories of specimens are in M. Barták collection, Czech University of Life Sciences, Prague, unless otherwise stated and given in parenthesis at the end of each data entry thus: MJE = M.J. Ebejer collection, Cowbridge, UK;
Material examined. 7♂♂, Muğla Province, Akyaka, river bank, salty meadow, 37°03'16"N, 28°19'57"E, 16–27.v.2011; 1♂, same data (MJE).
This is the first confirmed record in the Mediterranean north of Egypt from where it was described. It is known from most of the Arabian Peninsula. Old records from Southern Europe and the Mediterranean are likely to refer to other similar species.
Recorded by
Material examined. 1♂, Akyaka, pasture, 6 m, SW, 37°03'19"N, 28°20'07"E, 28.iv–8.v.2013; 5♂♂, Akyaka, salty meadow, SW+PT, 37°12'45"N, 28°27'42"E, 28.iv–9.v.2013, (1♂, MJE); 2♂♂, Akyaka, pasture, 4 m, 37°03'09"N, 28°20'17"E, 8–14.ix.2014; 1♂1♀, Akyaka, pasture, 4 m, 37°03'09"N, 28°20'17"E, 13–14.ix.2014; 2♂♂, Akyaka, salty meadow, 2 m, 37°01'49"N, 28°20'01"E, 22.vi–1.vii.2015.
Recorded by
Material examined. 9♂♂7♀♀, Akyaka, river bank, salty meadow, 37°03'16"N, 28°19'57"E, 16–27.v.2011; 4♂♂1♀, Akyaka, pasture, 4 m, 37°03'08.9"N, 28°20'17.4"E, 16–22.ix.2012; 1♂, Akyaka, pasture, 4 m, 37°03'09"N, 28°20'17"E, 23–27.ix.2012; 1♀, Akyaka, salty meadow, SW+PT, 37°12'45"N, 28°27'42"E, 28.iv–9.v.2013; 2♀♀, Akyaka, salty meadow, SW+PT, 37°02'53"N, 28°19'39"E, 28.iv–9.v.2013; 3♂♂, Akyaka, salty meadow, 2 m, 37°01'49"N, 28°20'01"E, 22.vi–1.vii.2015; 1♀, 8 km S of Çine, river bank, 68 m, 37°32'34"N, 28°03'46"E, 29.iv–i.v.2016.
A very common and abundant species described from Greece but found in most of the countries around the Mediterranean.
Described from Turkey. No new material has been examined.
Recorded by
Material examined. 2♂♂4♀♀, Antalya, Manavgat, 3.5 km S, Titreyen lake, 1 m, 36°45'25"N, 31°27'19"E, 15.v.2011, J. Roháček (
This common and often abundant species was described from Malta. It is known from most of the countries around the Mediterranean and reaches Britain.
Material examined. 1♂, Akyaka, pasture, 6 m, SW, 37°03'19"N, 28°20'07"E, 28.iv–8.v.2013.
This species was described from Spain. New record for Turkey.
Described from Turkey. No new material has been examined.
Material examined. 1♂1♀, Akyaka, river bank, salty meadow, 37°03'16"N, 28°19'57"E, 16–27.v.2011; 1♀, Akyaka, pasture, 6 m, SW, 37°03'19"N, 28°20'07"E, 28.iv–8.v.2013; 1♂, Akyaka, salty meadow, 37°02'53"N, 28°19'39"E, 28.iv–9.v.2013; 1♀, Akyaka, salty meadow, 37°12'45"N, 28°27'42"E, 28.iv–9.v.2013; 1♂1♀, 8 km S of Çine, river bank, 68 m, 37°32'34"N, 28°03'46"E, 28–30.vi.2015.
Described from Britain, this is a widespread and fairly common species. New record for Turkey.
Material examined. 1♂, Akyaka, pasture, 4 m, 37°03'08.9"N, 28°20'17.4"E, 16–22.ix.2012; 5♀♀, Akyaka, salty meadow, 2 m, 37°03'N, 28°20'E, 23–27.ix.2012; 1♀, Akyaka, salty meadow, SW+PT, 37°12'45"N, 28°27'42"E, 28.iv–9.v.2013; 1♂, Akyaka, pasture, 4 m, 37°03'09"N, 28°20'17"E, 8–14.ix.2014; 5♂♂1♀, Akyaka, salty meadow, 2 m, 37°01'49"N, 28°20'01"E, 22.vi–1.vii.2015.
A common and widespread species around the Mediterranean, extending as far as the United Arab Emirates. Sometimes found in large numbers. A new record for Turkey.
Described from Turkey, it has also been recorded from Germany.
Described from Turkey.
Material examined. 1♀, Akyaka, pasture, 4 m, 37°03'08.9"N, 28°20'17.4"E, 16–22.ix.2012; 1♂2♀♀, Akyaka, salty meadow, 2 m, 37°01'49"N, 28°20'01"E, 22.vi–1.vii.2015; 1♀, Akyaka, salty meadow, 2 m, PT, 37°01'52"N, 28°20'00"E, 27.iv–1.v.2016.
Material examined. 1♀, Toparlar, lowland wood, 8 m, 36°59'27"N, 28°38'50"E, 22–24.vi.2015.
This species was described from the Czech Republic but it has been found in Britain, Switzerland, and Germany. A new record for Turkey.
Recorded by
Material examined. 1♀, Antalya, Manavgat, 4.4 km S, Manavgat rivershore, 1 m, 36°45'01"N, 31°28'03"E, 15.v.2011, J. Roháček (
A common and widespread species throughout Europe extending from Scandinavia to North Africa.
Material examined. 1♀, Akyaka, river bank, salty meadow, 37°03'16"N, 28°19'57"E, 16–27.v.2011.
This species is a new record for Turkey. There are two other very similar species known from Israel and Lebanon. What is somewhat unusual for this record is the locality where it was found. These three species of Gymnochiromyia are most frequently encountered, though not exclusively so, in open woodland dominated by Quercus.
Recorded by
Material examined. 2♀♀, Akyaka, pasture, 6 m, SW, 37°03'19"N, 28°20'07"E, 28.iv–8.v.2013; 1♂, Akyaka, salty meadow, 37°12'45"N, 28°27'42"E, 28.iv–9.v.2013; 1♀, Akyaka, salty meadow, 37°02'53"N, 28°19'39"E, 28.iv–9.v.2013; 1♂, Akyaka, salty meadow, 2 m, 37°01'49"N, 28°20'01"E, 22.vi–1.vii.2015.
A widespread species in Europe and the Mediterranean, though not as common as G. flavella.
We list one species of Chyromya (a new record), three of Gymnochiromyia (two new records), and 11 of Aphaniosoma (three new records). Although we found no literature records of Chyromya flava (Linnaeus, 1758) this very widespread species certainly occurs in Turkey. Chyromya britannica Gibbs, 2007 was described from Britain and later found in France, but even this species is more widespread than previously thought. MJE has seen a specimen from Slovenia collected in 1958 and housed among unsorted material in the Natural History Museum, London, UK. Thus, its distribution may be more widespread than originally thought and it may also occur in Turkey. With regards to Aphaniosoma, given the numerous species present in the eastern part of the Mediterranean, the many undescribed species known to MJE, and the fact that eastern Turkey has not been investigated for this family, it is very likely that the fauna is currently very under represented. We estimate that approximately 30 species should occur in this country.
MB thanks staff and students of the Department of Biology, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Muğla, Turkey, namely Hasan Civelek, Oktay Dusun, Hanife Pala, and Hatice Kavak for their help with collecting specimens and for taking care of Malaise traps. Dr J. Roháček kindly offered material that he collected to include in this paper.